Fluid collection devices, related systems, and related methods

[0001] This application is a U.S. Nationalization of PCT International Application No. PCT/US2019/029609 filed on 29 Apr. 2019, which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/665,331 filed on 1 May 2018, the disclosure of each of which is incorporated herein, in its entirety, by this reference.

[0002] An individual may have limited or impaired mobility such that typical urination processes are challenging or impossible. For example, the individual may have surgery or a disability that impairs mobility. In another example, the individual may have restricted travel conditions such as those experience by pilots, drivers, and workers in hazardous areas. Additionally, fluid collection from the individual may be needed for monitoring purposes or clinical testing.

[0003] Bed pans and urinary catheters, such as a Foley catheter, can be used to address some of these circumstances. However, bed pans and urinary catheters have several problems associated therewith. For example, bed pans can be prone to discomfort, spills, and other hygiene issues. Urinary catheters be can be uncomfortable, painful, and can cause urinary tract infections.

[0004] Thus, users and manufacturers of fluid collection devices continue to seek new and improved devices, systems, and methods to collect urine.

[0005] Embodiments disclosed herein are related to devices, systems, and methods of using fluid collection devices. In an embodiment, a fluid collection device is disclosed. The fluid collection device includes a fluid impermeable barrier at least partially defining a chamber. The fluid impermeable barrier also defines an opening extending therethrough. The opening is configured to be positioned adjacent to a female urethra or have a male urethra positioned therethrough. The fluid collection device also includes a channel defining and extending between an inlet and an outlet. The outlet is positioned downstream from the inlet. The inlet is configured to be in fluid communication with an gas source and the outlet is configured to be in fluid communication with a fluid storage container. The channel defines at least one aperture that allows an interior of the channel to be in fluid communication with the chamber.

[0006] In an embodiment, a fluid collection system is disclosed. The fluid collection system includes a gas source and a fluid storage container positioned downstream from the gas source. The fluid storage container is configured to hold a fluid. The fluid collection system also includes a fluid collection device spaced from the gas source and the fluid storage container. The fluid collection device includes a fluid impermeable barrier at least partially defining a chamber. The fluid impermeable barrier also defines an opening extending therethrough. The opening is configured to be positioned adjacent to a female urethra or have a male urethra positioned therethrough. The fluid collection device also includes a channel defining and extending between an inlet and an outlet. The outlet is positioned downstream from the inlet. The inlet is configured to be in fluid communication with a gas source and the outlet is configured to be in fluid communication with a fluid storage container. The channel defines at least one aperture that allows an interior of the channel to be in fluid communication with the chamber.

[0007] In an embodiment, a method to collect fluid is disclosed. The method includes positioning an opening of a fluid collection device adjacent to a female urethra or around a male urethra. The opening is defined by a fluid impermeable barrier of the fluid collection device. The method also includes receiving fluids from the female urethra or the male urethra into a chamber of the fluid collection device. The chamber of the fluid collection device is at least partially defined by the fluid impermeable barrier. The method further includes flowing gas from an inlet to an outlet of a channel of the fluid collection device that is effective to suction the fluids into the channel from the chamber via at least one aperture formed in the channel and push the fluids that enters the channel via the at least one aperture towards the outlet. The channel extends from the inlet to the outlet.

[0008] Features from any of the disclosed embodiments may be used in combination with one another, without limitation. In addition, other features and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art through consideration of the following detailed description and the accompanying drawings.

[0018] Embodiments disclosed herein are related to devices, systems, and methods of using fluid collection devices. In an embodiment, a fluid collection device includes a fluid impermeable barrier that at least partially defines a chamber. The fluid impermeable barrier also defines an opening extending therethrough that is configured to be positioned adjacent to a female urethra or have a male urethra positioned therethrough. The fluid collection device also includes a channel extending between an inlet and outlet thereof. The inlet is configured to be in fluid communication with (e.g., fluidly coupled to) a gas source. The inlet may be in direct fluid communication (e.g., directly attached to) or indirect fluid communication (e.g., via at least one tube) with the gas source. The outlet is configured to be in fluid communication with a fluid storage container. The outlet may be in direct fluid communication or indirect fluid communication (e.g., via at least one tube) to the fluid storage container. The outlet is positioned downstream from the inlet. The channel also defines at least one aperture therein that allows an interior of the channel to be in fluid communication with the rest of the chamber.

[0019] The fluid collection devices disclosed herein are configured to collect fluids from an individual. The fluids collected by the fluid collection devices can include urine. The fluids collected by the fluid collection devices can also include at least one of vagina discharge, penile discharge, reproductive fluids, blood, sweat, or other bodily fluids.

[0020] The fluid collection devices disclosed herein are configured to be used in fluid collection systems. The fluid collection systems disclosed herein include a gas source. Systems that include the gas source can, in some embodiments, resolve several problem associated with systems that include a vacuum source. For example, a system that includes a vacuum source draws fluids towards the vacuum source and deposits most of the fluids in a fluid storage container before the fluids can reach the vacuum source. However, a small quantity of fluids (e.g., vapor from the fluids) can still reach the vacuum source, which can contaminate and/or damage (e.g., rust) the vacuum source. Additionally, a large quantity of the fluids can reach the vacuum source when the fluid storage container is substantially full. However, a system that includes a gas source moves the fluids away from the gas source, thereby preventing contamination and/or damage. In another embodiment, systems that include a vacuum source cannot be used in environments that do not include an available vacuum source (e.g., the environment does not include a vacuum source or the vacuum source is being used). As such, systems that include a gas source can be used in environments that do not include an available vacuum source.

[0021] FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluid collection device 100, according to an embodiment. The fluid collection device 100 is an example of a female fluid collection device 100 that is configured to receive fluids from a female. The fluid collection device 100 includes a fluid impermeable barrier 102. The fluid impermeable barrier 102 at least partially defines a chamber 104 and an opening 106. The opening 106 extends through the fluid impermeable barrier 102, thereby enabling fluids to enter the chamber 104. The opening 106 can be configured to be positioned adjacent to a female urethra. The fluid collection device 100 also includes a channel 108 that is at least partially disposed in the chamber 104. The channel 108 (e.g., a tube or a conduit) includes an inlet 110 and an outlet 112 positioned downstream from the inlet 110. The inlet 110 is configured to be in fluid communication with a gas source (not shown) and the outlet 112 is configured to be in fluid communication with a fluid storage container (not shown). The channel 108 defines at least one aperture 114 that allows an interior 116 of the channel 108 to be in fluid communication with the chamber 104. In the illustrated embodiment, the channel 108 is at least partially disposed and the aperture 114 is disposed in the chamber 104.

[0022] The fluid collection device 100 is configured to receive the fluids into the chamber 104 via the opening 106. For example, the opening 106 can exhibit an elongated shape that is configured to extend from a first location below the urethral opening (e.g., at or near the anus or the vaginal opening) to a second location above the urethral opening (e.g., at or near the clitoris or the pubic hair). The opening 106 can exhibit an elongated shape since the space between the legs of a female is relatively small when the legs of the female are closed thereby only permitting the flow of the fluids along a path that corresponds to the elongated shape of the opening 106. The opening 106 can exhibit a width that is measured transverse to the longitudinal direction that is at least about 10% of the circumference of the fluid collection device 100, such as about 25% to about 50%, about 40% to about 60%, about 50% to about 75%, about 65% to about 85%, or about 75% to about 100% of the circumference of the fluid collection device 100. The opening 106 can exhibit a width that is greater than 50% of the circumference of the fluid collection device 100 since the continual flow of gas (e.g., atmospheric air, nitrogen, oxygen, etc.) through the channel 108 pulls the fluid into the channel 108. In some embodiments, the opening 106 may be vertically oriented (e.g., having a major axis that is generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the device 100). In some embodiments, (not shown), the opening 106 may be horizontally oriented (e.g., having a major axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the device 100). In an example, the fluid impermeable barrier 102 can be configured to be attached to the individual, such as adhesively attached (e.g., with a hydrogel adhesive) to the individual. According to an embodiment, a suitable adhesive is a hydrogel layer, such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0189225, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

[0023] The fluid impermeable barrier 102 is also configured to temporarily store the fluids in the chamber 104. For example, the fluid impermeable barrier 102 can be formed of any suitable fluid impermeable materials, such as a fluid impermeable polymer (e.g., silicone, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyethylene terephthalate, a polycarbonate, etc.), a metal film, another suitable material, or combinations thereof. As such, the fluid impermeable barrier 102 substantially prevents the fluids from exiting the portions of the chamber 104 that are spaced from the opening 106. In an embodiment, the fluid impermeable barrier 102 can be air permeable and fluid impermeable. In such an embodiment, the fluid impermeable barrier 102 can be formed of a hydrophobic material that defines a plurality of pores. In an example, the one or more portions of the outer surface of the fluid impermeable barrier 102 can be formed from a soft and/or smooth material thereby reducing chaffing.

[0024] The fluid collection device 100 can include a fluid permeable membrane 118 disposed in the chamber 104. The fluid permeable membrane 118 can cover at least a portion (e.g., all) of the opening 106. The fluid permeable membrane 118 can be configured to wick any fluid away from the opening 106 thereby preventing the fluid from escaping the chamber 104. The fluid permeable membrane 118 can also wick the fluid generally towards an interior of the chamber 104, as will be discussed in more detail below. The fluid permeable membrane 118 can include any material that can wick the fluid. For example, the fluid permeable membrane 118 can include fabric, such as a gauze (e.g., a silk, linen, or cotton gauze), another soft fabric, or another smooth fabric. The permeable properties referred to herein can have wicking, capillary action, diffusion, or other similar properties or processes, and are referred to herein as “permeable” and/or “wicking.” Such “wicking” may not include absorption into the permeable material. Forming the fluid permeable membrane 118 from gauze, soft fabric, and/or smooth fabric can reduce chaffing caused by the fluid collection device 100.

[0025] The fluid collection device 100 can include a fluid permeable support 120 disposed in the chamber 104. The fluid permeable support 120 is configured to support the fluid permeable membrane 118 since the fluid permeable membrane 118 can be formed from a foldable, flimsy, or otherwise easily deformable material. For example, the fluid permeable support 120 can be positioned such that the fluid permeable membrane 118 is disposed between the fluid permeable support 120 and the fluid impermeable barrier 102. As such, the fluid permeable support 120 can support and maintain the position of the fluid permeable membrane 118. The fluid permeable support 120 can be formed from any fluid permeable material that is less deformable than the fluid permeable membrane 118. For example, the fluid permeable support 120 can include a porous nylon structure. In an embodiment, the fluid permeable support 120 can be omitted from the fluid collection device 100.

[0026] In an embodiment, the fluid permeable membrane 118 and the fluid permeable support 120 can at least substantially completely fill the portions of the chamber 104 that are not occupied by the channel 108. In an embodiment, the fluid permeable membrane 118 and the fluid permeable support 120 does not substantially completely fill the portions of the chamber 104 that are not occupied by the channel 108. In such an embodiment, the fluid collection device 100 includes a reservoir 122 disposed in the chamber 104. The reservoir 122 is a substantially unoccupied portion of the chamber 104 defined between the fluid permeable support 120 and the fluid impermeable barrier 102. The fluids that are in the chamber 104 can flow through the fluid permeable membrane 118 and/or fluid permeable support 120 to the reservoir 122. The reservoir 122 can store at least some of the fluids therein.

[0027] In an example, the reservoir 122 can be located at the end of the chamber 104 that is closest to the inlet 110. However, the reservoir 122 can be located at different locations in the chamber 104. For example, the reservoir 122 can be located at the end of the chamber 104 that is closest to the outlet 112. In another example, fluid collection device 100 can include multiple reservoirs, such as a first reservoir that is located at the end of the chamber 104 that is closest to the inlet 110 and a second reservoir that is located at the end of the chamber 104 that is closest to the outlet 112. In another example, the fluid permeable support 120 is spaced from at least a portion of the channel 108 and the reservoir 122 can be the space between the fluid permeable support 120 and the channel 108.

[0028] Other examples of fluid impermeable barriers, fluid permeable membranes, fluid permeable supports, and chambers are disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/260,103 filed on Sep. 8, 2016, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein, in its entirety, by this reference.

[0029] The fluid impermeable barrier 102, the fluid permeable membrane 118 and the fluid permeable support 120 can be configured to have the channel 108 at least partially disposed in the chamber 104. In an example, at least one of the fluid permeable membrane 118 and the fluid permeable support 120 can be configured to form a space that accommodates the channel 108. In an example, the fluid impermeable barrier 102 can define a first aperture 124 and a second aperture 126. The first and second apertures 124, 126 can be sized to have the channel 108 extend therethrough or at least one tube (not shown) extend therethrough. The at least one tube can be configured to be coupled to the inlet 110 and/or the outlet 112 when the inlet 110 or the outlet 112 is disposed in the chamber 104. The first and second apertures 124, 126 can be configured to form an at least substantially fluid tight seal against the channel 108 or the at least one tube thereby substantially preventing the fluids from escaping the chamber 104.

[0030] As previously discussed, the channel 108 is configured to be coupled to and at least partially extend between a gas source and a fluid storage container. In an example, the channel 108 is configured to be directly connected to at least one of the gas source or the fluid storage container. In such an example, the channel 108 can extend from the fluid impermeable barrier 102 by at least one foot, at least two feet, at least three feet, or at least six feet. In an example, the channel 108 is configured to be indirectly connected to at least one of the gas source or the fluid storage container with at least one tube that is distinct and separate from the channel 108. In some embodiments, a portion of the channel 108 and/or tuber connected to the channel 108 is secured to a wearer's skin with a catheter securement device, such as a STATLOCK® catheter securement device available from C. R. Bard, Inc., including but not limited to those disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,117,163; 6,123,398; and 8,211,063, the disclosures of which are all incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0031] The inlet 110 and the outlet 112 are configured to connect (e.g., directly or indirectly) to the gas source and the fluid storage container. In an example, the inlet 110 and/or the outlet 112 can form a male connector. In another example, the inlet 110 and/or the outlet 112 can form a female connector. In an example, the inlet 110 and/or the outlet 112 can include ribs that are configured to facilitate secure couplings. In an example, the inlet 110 and/or the outlet 112 can form a tapered shape. In some examples, the channel 108 may include one or more portions that are resilient, such as to by having one or more of a diameter or wall thickness that allows the channel 108 to be flexible. In an example, the inlet 110 and/or the outlet 112 can include a rigid or flexible material.

[0032] As previously discussed, the channel 108 includes at least one aperture 114. In an embodiment, the at least one aperture 114 includes a single aperture 114. In such an embodiment, the aperture 114 can be located at or near a gravimetrically low point of the chamber 104. For example, as illustrated, the single aperture 114 is disposed in or adjacent to the at least one reservoir 122, at or near the inlet 110, or at or near the outlet 112. Locating the single aperture 114 at or near a gravimetrically low point of the chamber 104 enables the single aperture 114 to receive more of the fluids than if the single aperture 114 was located elsewhere and reduce the likelihood of pooling (e.g., pooling of the fluids can cause microbe growth and foul odors). For instance, the fluids in the fluid permeable membrane 118 and the fluid permeable support 120 can flow in any direction due to capillary forces. However, the fluids may exhibit a preference to flow in the direction of gravity, especially when at least a portion of the fluid permeable membrane 118 and/or the fluid permeable support 120 is saturated with the fluids.

[0033] In an example, the at least one aperture 114 includes a plurality of apertures 114 (see FIG. 3). In such an example, at least one of the plurality of apertures 114 is located at or near a gravimetrically low point for substantially the same reasons as the single aperture 114 discussed above. In an example, at least one of the remaining apertures 114 can be also located at or near the gravimetrically low point of the chamber 104 thereby increasing the rate at which the fluids can be removed therefrom. In another example, at least one of the remaining apertures 114 can be spaced from the gravimetrically low point of the chamber 104, such as adjacent to portions of the fluid permeable membrane 118 or the fluid permeable support 120. In such an instance, the aperture(s) 114 that are adjacent to the fluid permeable membrane 118 or the fluid permeable support 120 can receive fluids directly from the fluid permeable membrane 118 or the fluid permeable support 120, thereby reducing stagnation of the fluids (e.g., stagnation of the fluids can cause microbe growth and foul odors).

[0034] Gas from the gas source is configured to flow from the inlet 110 to the outlet 112 of the channel 108 (as show with an arrow). The flow of the gas through the channel 108 causes any fluid that enters the channel 108 to flow towards the outlet 112. The aperture 114 can be configured to limit the amount of the gas that flows therethrough. For example, the aperture 114 can extend through one or more walls 128 at an acute angle relative to the flow of the gas or can include a check valve.

[0035] In an example, the channel 108 is configured to be at least insertable into the chamber 104. In such an example, the channel 108 can include one or more markers (not shown) on an exterior thereof that are configure to facilitate insertion of the channel 108 into the chamber 104. For example, the channel 108 can include one or more markings thereon that are configured to prevent over or under insertion of the channel 108, such as when the channel 108 defines a aperture 114 that is configured to be disposed in or adjacent to the reservoir 122. In another example, the channel 108 can include one or more markings thereon that are configured to facilitate correct rotation of the channel 108 relative to the chamber 104. In an example, the one or more markings can include a line, a dot, a sticker, or any other suitable marking. Further, the fluid impermeable barrier 102 may include markings thereon, such as one or more markings to aid a user in aligning the device 100 on the wearer. For example, a line on the fluid impermeable barrier 102 (e.g., opposite the opening 106) may allow a healthcare professional to align the opening 106 over the urethra of the wearer. In some examples, the markings may include one or more of alignment guide or an orientation indicator, such as a stripe or hashes. Such markings may be positioned to align the device 100 to one or more anatomical features such as a pubic bone, etc.

[0036] In an example, one or more components of the fluid collection device 100 can include an antimicrobial material, such as an antibacterial material on any surface of the fluid collection device that may contact the wearer or the bodily fluid of the wearer. The antimicrobial material can include an antimicrobial coating, such as a nitrofurazone or silver coating. The antimicrobial material can inhibit microbial growth, such as microbial growth due to pooling or stagnation of the bodily fluids. In some examples, one or more components (e.g., impermeable barrier 102, channel 108, etc.) of the fluid collection device 100 can include an odor blocking or absorbing material such as a cyclodextrine containing material or a thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) polymer.

[0037] The fluid collection device 100 of FIG. 1 does not use suction to pull fluids into the channel 108. Instead, the fluid collection device 100 relies on gravity, capillary reaction, etc. to pull the fluids into the channel 108. However, the fluid collection devices disclosed herein can configured to use suction to pull the fluids into the channels thereof. FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluid collection device 200 that is configured to actively pull the fluids into a channel 208 thereof, according to an embodiment. Except as otherwise disclosed herein, the fluid collection device 200 is the same or substantially similar to any of the fluid collection devices disclosed herein. For example, the fluid collection device 200 can include a fluid impermeable barrier 202 that at least partially defines a chamber 204 and an opening 206. The fluid collection device 200 can also include a fluid permeable membrane 118 and a fluid permeable support 120 disposed in the chamber 204. The fluid collection device 200 can further include a channel 208 that is at least partially disposed in the chamber 204.

[0038] The channel 208 includes a suction device 230 (e.g., Venturi suction device) that is configured to generate a suction force when a gas flows through the channel 208. The suction device 230 can include a narrowed section 232 positioned upstream from an expanded section 234. In the narrowed section 232, the diameter of the interior 216 of the channel 208 generally decreases along the flow path of a gas (shown with an arrow) in the channel 208. In an example, the narrowed section 232 can be formed by placing at least one obstacle 238 in the channel 208 that are integrally formed with or distinct from the walls 228 of the channel 208, increasing a thickness of the walls 228 of the channel 208, or using any other suitable method. The diameter of the interior 216 of the channel 208 in the narrowed section 232 continues to decrease along the flow path until the diameter exhibits a minimum diameter. The expanded section 234 of the suction device 230 is downstream from the narrowed section 232. The diameter of the interior 216 of the channel 208 in the expanded section 234 increases along the flow path. In an example, as illustrated, the diameter of the interior 216 of the channel 208 can suddenly increase. In another example, the diameter of the interior 216 of the channel 208 can gradually increase. In either example, a vacuum is created at or slightly downstream from the minimum diameter.

[0039] The channel 208 includes at least one aperture 214 that is positioned adjacent to the vacuum that is created by the suction device 230. For example, the aperture 214 can be located adjacent to on the downstream side of the minimum diameter of the narrowed section 232 or proximate to and downstream from the narrowed section 232. The vacuum generated by the suction device 230 creates a suction force in the chamber 204. The suction force can pull more of the fluids that are present into the chamber 204 into the channel 208 thereby reducing pooling or stagnation of the fluids in the chamber 204.

[0040] As previously discussed, the channels of the fluid collection devices disclosed herein can include a plurality of apertures. Additionally, the channels can also include a plurality of suction devices that correspond to at least some of the plurality of apertures. FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluid collection device 300 that includes a channel 308 having a plurality of apertures 314 and/or suction devices 330, according to an embodiment. Except as otherwise disclosed herein, the fluid collection device 300 can be the same as or similar to any of the fluid collection devices disclosed herein. For example, the fluid collection device 300 can include a fluid impermeable barrier 302 that defines a chamber 304 and an opening 306. The fluid collection device 300 can also include a fluid permeable membrane 318 and a fluid permeable support 320 disposed in the chamber 304. The channel 308 can also be at least partially disposed in the chamber 304.

[0041] The channel 308 includes a plurality of apertures 314 formed therein. In an example, at least one of the plurality of apertures 314 is located at or near a gravimetrically low point of the chamber 304, such as disposed in or adjacent to a reservoir 322. The remainder of apertures 314 can also be located at, near, and/or spaced from the gravimetrically low point of the chamber 304.

[0042] The channel 308 can also include a plurality of suction devices 330. The suction devices 330 can be the same or similar to the suction device 230 of FIG. 2. For example, each of the suction devices 330 can include a narrowed section 332 having a minimum diameter and an expanded section 334. The suction devices 330 can be disposed in the channel 308 such that at least some (e.g., all) of the apertures 314 are positioned adjacent or proximate to and downstream from the minimum diameter of a corresponding suction device 330. The plurality of suction devices 330 can create a suction force that pulls the fluids into the channel 308 from a variety of locations in the chamber 304. For example, the plurality of suction devices 330 can create suction forces that pulls fluids from a variety of locations in the chamber 304 thereby limiting pooling or stagnation in the chamber 304 compared to a substantially similar channel that one suction device or no suction device.

[0043] FIGS. 1-3 illustrate and describe fluid collection devices that include channels that are at least partially disposed in the chambers thereof. However, in some embodiments, the channel can be spaced from the chamber of the fluid collection device. FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a fluid collection device 400 that includes a channel 408 that is spaced from the chamber 404 of the fluid collection device 400, according to an embodiment. Except as otherwise disclosed herein, the fluid collection device 400 can be the same as or substantially similar to any of the fluid collection devices disclosed herein. For example, the fluid collection device 400 can include a fluid impermeable barrier 402 that defines a chamber 404 and an opening 406. The fluid collection device 400 can also include at least one of a fluid permeable membrane 418, a fluid permeable support 420, and a reservoir 422 disposed in the chamber 404.

[0044] The fluid collection device 400 includes a conduit 440 that is at least partially disposed in the chamber 404. The conduit 440 defines at least one entrance 442 (e.g., a plurality of entrances) and an exit 444. The entrance 442 enable at least some of the fluids that are present in the chamber 404 to enter an interior 446 of the conduit 440. In an example, the conduit 440 can be configured to have the at least one entrance 442 located at, near, or spaced a gravimetrically low point of the chamber 404. In an example, the conduit 440 can be configured to have the at least one entrance 442 disposed in or adjacent to the reservoir 422.

[0045] The conduit 440 can be configured to allow the channel 408 to be in fluid communication with the chamber 404. In other words, the channel 408 is in indirect fluid communication with the chamber 404 via the conduit 440. As such, the fluid impermeable barrier 402 can define an aperture 424. In an example, as illustrated, the aperture 424 enables the conduit 440 to extend outwardly from the chamber 404 when the conduit 440 is only partially disposed in the chamber 404. In another example, the aperture 424 enables a tube to extend into the chamber 404 and be attached to the conduit 440 when the conduit 440 is completely disposed in the chamber 404. For example, the conduit 440 may extend into the fluid impermeable barrier 402 from the first end region (e.g., proximate to the aperture 424) and may extend to the second end region (e.g., opposite the first end region) to a point proximate to the reservoir 422 such that the at least one entrance 442 is in fluid communication with the reservoir 422. In some embodiments (not shown), the conduit 440 may enter the second end region and the at least one entrance 442 of the conduit 440 may be disposed in the second end region (e.g., in the reservoir 422).

[0046] The channel 408 can include one or more walls 428 that define an inlet 410 and an outlet 412. The inlet 410 can be configured to be coupled to a gas source (not shown) and the outlet 412 can be configured to be coupled to a fluid storage container (not shown) such that gas flows through the channel 408 in the direction shown with an arrow. The channel 408 also includes a passageway 414 that is configured to be in fluid communication, either directly (as shown) or indirectly (via at least one tube), with the conduit 440. In an example, the channel 408 can include one or more passageway walls 448 that defines the passageway 414. The one or more passageway walls 448 can extend outwardly from the wall 428 such that the walls 428 and the passageway walls 448 can collectively form a generally T-shape. In an example, the channel 408 also includes a suction device 430. The suction device 430 can provide a suction force that pulls fluid into the conduit 440. In an example, the suction device 430 can be omitted from the channel 408.

[0047] As previously discussed, the channel 408 can be configured to be in fluid communication with the conduit 440. In an example, as illustrated, the channel 408 and the conduit 440 are distinct from each other. In such an example, the channel 408 and the conduit 440 can be attached together each using any suitable method. For instance, the passageway 414 of the channel 408 can form a female connector and the exit 444 of the conduit 440 can form a male connector that is configured to be coupled to the passageway 414. In another instance, the passageway 414 can form a male connector and the exit 444 can form a female connector that is configured to be coupled to the passageway 414. In another instance, the passageway 414 can include a male or female connector, the exit 444 can include a male of female connector, and the fluid collection device 400 can include at least one tube (not shown) that is attached to and extends between the passageway 414 and the exit 444. In another example, the channel 408 and the conduit 440 can be integrally formed together (e.g., exhibit single piece construction).

[0048] The fluid collection devices shown in FIGS. 1-4 are examples of female fluid collection devices that are configured to collect fluids from females (e.g., collect urine from a female urethra). However, the any of the fluid collection devices disclose herein can be configured configure to collect fluids from males (e.g., collect urine from a male urethra). FIGS. 5A to 5C are schematic cross-sectional views of male fluid collection devices 500a-c, according to different embodiments.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 5A, the fluid collection device 500a includes a receptacle 550a and a cup portion 552a. The receptacle 550a is configured to be coupled to skin that surrounds the male urethra and have the male urethra positioned therethrough. For example, the receptacle 550a can include an annular base 554 that defines a hole 556. The annular base 554 is configured to be positioned around the male urethra (e.g., positioned around the penis) and the hole 556 can be configured to have the male urethra positioned therethrough. The annular base 554 can also be configured to be coupled (e.g., adhesively attached, such as with a hydrogel adhesive) to the skin around the male urethra. In an example, the annular base 554 can exhibit the general shape of the skin surface that the annular base 554 is configured to be coupled and/or can be flexible thereby allowing the annular base 554 to conform to the shape of the skin surface. The receptacle 550a also defines a hollowed region 558 that is configured to have the cup portion 552a disposed therein. For example, the receptacle 550a can include a flange 560 that extends upwardly from the annular base 554 that partially defines the hollowed region 558. The hollowed region 558 is deep enough that the cup portion 552a is unlikely to be accidentally removed from the hollowed region 558 (e.g., the hollowed region 558 is at least 1 cm deep, at least 2 cm deep, or at least 5 cm deep).

[0050] The cup portion 552a includes a fluid impermeable barrier 502a that is sized and shaped to fit into the hollowed region 558 of the receptacle 550a. The fluid impermeable barrier 502a partially defines a chamber 504a. The fluid impermeable barrier 502a also defines an opening 506a extending through the fluid impermeable barrier 502a that is configured to have a male urethra positioned therethrough. The fluid impermeable barrier 502a can also define at least one hole 562a that allows the chamber 504a to remain substantially at atmospheric pressure. The cup portion 552a also include a channel 508a that is at least partially disposed in the chamber 504a. The channel 508a includes an inlet 510a that is configured to be communicably coupled to an gas source (not shown) and an outlet 512a that is configured to be communicably coupled to a fluid storage container (not shown) such that a gas flows through the channel 508a in the direction show by the arrow. The channel 508a also defines at least one aperture 514a that allows an interior 516a of the channel 508a to be in fluid communication with the chamber 504a. For example, at least the aperture 514a is disposed in the chamber 504a.

[0051] In an example, the chamber 504a can be substantially empty due to the varying sizes and rigidity of the male penis. However, the outermost regions of the chamber 504a can include a porous material (e.g., that is the same or similar to the fluid permeable membranes and/or fluid permeable supports disclosed herein) configured to blunt a stream of urine from the male urethra thereby limiting splashing and/or to direct the fluids to a selected region of the chamber 504a. Since the chamber 504a is substantially empty (e.g., substantially all of the chamber 504a forms a reservoir), the fluids are likely to pool at a gravimetrically low point of the chamber 504a. The gravimetrically low point of the chamber 504 can be at an intersection of the skin of an individual and the fluid collection device 500a, a corner formed in the cup portion 552a, or another suitable location. The aperture 514a of the channel 508a can be configured and positioned to be adjacent or proximate to the gravimetrically low point of the chamber 504a. In an example, the chamber 504 may include at least one of a fluid permeable membrane (not shown) or support (not shown) disposed therein that are similar to the fluid permeable membranes and supports, respectively, disclosed herein.

[0052] During operation, a male using the fluid collection device 500a can discharge fluids (e.g., urine) into the chamber 504a. The fluids can pool or otherwise be collected in the chamber 504a. At least some of the fluids can enter the interior 516a of the channel 508a via the aperture 514a. The flow of gas from the inlet 510a to the outlet 512a can push the fluids that enter the channel 508a towards the outlet 512a. During operation, the hole 562a substantially maintains the pressure in the chamber 504a at atmospheric pressure even though fluid is introduced into and subsequently removed from the chamber 504a, gas can be introduced into and/or removed from the chamber 504a via the channel 508a, etc.

[0053] FIG. 5B illustrates a fluid collection device 500b that, except as otherwise disclosed herein, is the same as or substantially similar to the fluid collection device 500a of FIG. 5A. For example, the fluid collection device 500b can include a receptacle 550b and a cup portion 552b. The cup portion 552b can include a fluid impermeable barrier 502b that defines a chamber 504b and an opening 506b. The cup portion 552b can also include a channel 508b that is at least partially disposed in the chamber 504b. For example, the channel 508b defines an inlet 510b, an outlet 512b, and at least one aperture 514b.

[0054] The channel 508b also includes at least one suction device 530b disposed therein. The suction device 530b can be the same as or substantially similar to the suction devices 230, 330, or 430 of FIGS. 2-4. For example, the suction device 530b includes a narrowed section 532b having a minimum diameter and an expanded section 534b that is downstream from the narrowed section 532b. The suction device 530b can be positioned such that the aperture 514b is adjacent to the minimum diameter thereof or proximate to and downstream from the narrowed section 532b. The suction device 530b can apply a suction force that causes more of the fluid to enter the channel 508b thereby limiting pooling or stagnation in the chamber 504b. The hole 562b substantially maintains atmospheric pressure in the chamber 504b thereby reducing discomfort and rupturing of capillaries that can be caused by the suction force.

[0055] FIG. 5C illustrates a fluid collection device 500c that, except as otherwise disclosed herein, is the same as or substantially similar to the fluid collection devices 500a, 500b of FIGS. 5A and 5B. For example, the fluid collection device 500c can include a receptacle 550c and a cup portion 552c. The cup portion 552c can include a fluid impermeable barrier 502c that defines a chamber 504c and an opening 506c.

[0056] The fluid collection device 500c also includes a channel 508c that is spaced from the chamber 504c. The channel 508c can be the same as or substantially similar to the channel 408 of FIG. 4. For example, the channel 508c can define an inlet 510c, an outlet 512c, and at least one passageway 514c. The channel 508c can also include a suction device 530c.

[0057] The fluid collection device 500c also includes a conduit 540 that is at least partially disposed in the chamber 504c. The conduit 540 is configured to allow the channel 508c to be in indirect fluid communication with the chamber 504c. The conduit 540 include at least one entrance 542 and an exit 544 downstream from the entrance 542. The conduit 540 can be attached to the channel 508c using any of the techniques disclosed herein.

[0058] As previously discussed, the fluid collection devices can form part of a system that includes a gas source and a fluid storage container. FIG. 6A is a schematic of a fluid collection system 664a, according to an embodiment. The system 664a includes a fluid collection device 600a that includes a channel (not shown) at least partially disposed in the chamber of the fluid collection device 600a, such as any of the fluid collection devices 100, 200, 300, 500a, 500b of FIG. 1-3, 5A, or 5B. The system 664a also include a gas source 668a that is positioned upstream from the fluid collection device 600a and is in fluid communication with the inlet of a channel of the fluid collection device 600a. For example, the gas source 668a can be in direct fluid communication with the inlet (e.g., directly attached to the inlet) or can be in indirect fluid communication with the inlet via at least one first tube 670a. The gas source 668a can include any suitable gas source, such as a compressed tank of gas (e.g., atmospheric air, oxygen, nitrogen, etc.), a pump, a compressor, or a wall gas source. The system 664b also includes a fluid storage container 672a that is positioned downstream from the fluid collection device 600a and is in fluid communication with an outlet of the channel. For example, the fluid storage container 672a can be in directly fluid communication with the outlet (e.g., directly attached to the outlet) or can be in indirect fluid communication with the outlet via at least one second tube 674a. The fluid storage container 672a can include any suitable container that can store fluids, such as a container having a container inlet and an air vent.

[0059] In an example, the first tube 670a, the second 674a, or the channel of the fluid collection device 600a can include a flow meter (not shown) that is configured to measure the flow of the gas and/or fluids therein. In another example, the system 664a can include a securement device (e.g., a STATLOCK® securement device, not shown) that is configured to secure the first tube 670a, the second 674a, or the channel of the fluid collection device 600a to an individual. In an example, the first tube 670a, the second 674a, or the channel of the fluid collection device 600a can be formed from a flexible material, such as from Foley tubes.

[0060] In an example, at least one of the second 674a or the channel of the fluid collection device 600a can be formed of an at least partially opaque material which can obscure the fluids that are present therein thereby reducing embarrassment caused by the fluids. For example, least one of the second 674a or the channel of the fluid collection device 600a can be formed from an opaque or nearly opaque material. In another example, least one of the second 674a or the channel of the fluid collection device 600a can be formed from translucent material, such as frosted tubing. Unlike the opaque or nearly opaque material, the translucent material allows a user of the system 664a to notice any issues that are inhibiting the flow of the gas or fluids therethrough.

[0061] FIG. 6B is a schematic of a fluid collection system 664b, according to an embodiment. Except as otherwise disclosed herein, the system 664b can be the same as or substantially similar to the system 664a of FIG. 6A. For example, the system 664b can include gas source 668b that is in fluid communication with an inlet of a channel 608 of a fluid collection device 600b (e.g., via at least one first tube 670b) and a fluid storage container 672b that is in fluid communication with an outlet of the channel 608 (e.g., via at least one second tube 674b). However, unlike the system 664a, the channel 608 of the fluid collection device 600b is spaced from a chamber 604 of the fluid collection device 600b. For example, the fluid collection device 600b can be the same or similar to the fluid collection devices 400, 500c of FIG. 4 or 5C. In such an example, the chamber 604 can be in indirect fluid communication with the channel 608 via a conduit 640 or another tube.

[0062] FIG. 7 is a flow diagram of a method 700 to use any of the fluid collection devices and/or fluid collection systems disclosed herein, according to an embodiment. The method 700 can include act 705, which recites “positioning an opening of a fluid collection device adjacent to a female urethra or around a male urethra.” Act 705 may be followed by act 710, which recites “receiving fluids from the female urethra or the male urethra into a chamber of the fluid collection device.” Act 710 may be followed by act 715, which recites “flowing gas from an inlet to an outlet of a channel of the fluid collection device that is effective to at least one of: suction the fluids into the channel from the chamber via at least one aperture or passageway formed in the channel or push the fluids that enters the channel via the at least one aperture or passageway towards the outlet.”

[0063] Acts 705, 710, 715 of the method 700 are for illustrative purposes. For example, the act 705, 710, 715 of the method 700 can be performed in different orders, split into multiple acts, modified, supplemented, or combined. In an example, one or more of the acts 705, 710, 715 of the method 700 can be omitted from the method 700.

[0064] Act 705 recites “positioning an opening of a fluid collection device adjacent to a female urethra or around a male urethra.” In an example, act 705 can include positioning the opening of a female fluid collection device such that the fluid permeable membrane of the female fluid collection device abuts or is positioned proximate to the female urethra. In another example, act 705 can include positioned a receptacle of a male fluid collection device around the male urethra such that the male urethra is positioned through a hole of the receptacle. In such an example, act 705 can include positioning a cup portion of the male fluid collection device in a hollowed region of the receptacle such that the male urethra is positioned through an opening of the cup portion.

[0065] Act 710 recites “receiving fluids from the female urethra or the male urethra into a chamber of the fluid collection device.” For example, act 710 can include wicking the fluids away from the opening using a fluid permeable membrane and a fluid permeable support. In another example, act 710 can include receiving the fluids into the chamber of the cup portion of the male fluid collection device. In either example, act 710 can include flowing the fluid towards a portion of the chamber that is in fluid communication, either directly or indirectly, with an aperture (e.g., apertures 114, 214, 314, 514a, or 514b of FIGS. 1-3, 5A, and 5B) or passageway (e.g., passageways 414, 514c of FIGS. 4 and 5C) of a channel. For instance, act 710 can include flowing the fluids to a substantially unoccupied portion of the chamber (e.g., a reservoir), to a gravimetrically low point of the chamber, etc.

[0066] Act 715 recites, “flowing gas from an inlet to an outlet of a channel of the fluid collection device that is effective to at least one of: suction the fluids into the channel from the chamber via at least one aperture or passageway formed in the channel or push the fluids that enters the channel via the at least one aperture or passageway towards the outlet.” In an example, act 715 can include flowing a gas through a channel that is at least partially disposed in a chamber of the fluid collection device. In another example, act 715 can include flowing gas through a channel that is spaced from the chamber of the fluid collection device. In such an example, act 715 can include flowing a gas through a conduit that is at least partially disposed in the chamber and is in fluid communication with the channel.

[0067] In an example, act 715 can include generating a suction force using a suction device. In such an example, act 715 can include flowing gas through and out of at least one narrowed section of a suction device and into an expanded section of the suction device thereby generating a suction force that is effective to suction the fluids into the channel from the chamber. The suction device can be positioned such that the suction force is generated at a aperture or passageway of the channel thereby causing fluids to enter the channel. In an example, act 715 can include generating the suction force using a single suction device or multiple suction devices. In an example, act 715 can include generating the suction force in a channel that is at least partially disposed in the chamber or a channel that is spaced from the chamber.

[0068] In an example, the method 700 can include flowing the gas from the gas source towards the fluid storage container. In such an example, the method 700 can include generating the flow of the gas using a pump, allowing the gas to flow out of a compressed tank of gas, providing the gas from a wall gas source, etc. In an example, the method 700 can include collecting the fluids that entered the channel in a fluid storage container that is spaced from the fluid collection device and in fluid communication with the outlet.

[0069] While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments are contemplated. The various aspects and embodiment disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting.