Methods and compositions relating to restricted expression lentiviral vectors and their applications

Patent Citations (79)

Non-Patent Literature (352)

• Pfeifer et al. Gene Therapy: Promises and Problems. Annu. Rev. Hum. Genet. 2: 177-211, 2001.Examiner
• Eklund et al. PU.1, interferon regulatory factor 1, and interferon consensus sequence-binding protein cooperate to increase gp91(phox) expression. J Biol Chem. May 29, 1998;273(22):13957-65.Examiner
• Sirven et al. The human immunodeficiency virus type-1 central DNA flap is a crucial determinant for lentiviral vector nuclear import and gene transduction of human hematopoietic stem cells. Blood. Dec. 15, 2000;96(13):4103-10.Examiner
• Chinnasamy et al. Efficient gene transfer to human peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells using human immunodeficiency virus type 1-based lentiviral vectors. Hum Gene Ther. Sep. 1, 2000;11(13):1901-9.Examiner
• Kafri et al. Lentiviral Vectors: Regulated Gene Expression. Mol. Therapy 1(6): 516-521 (2000).Examiner
• Naldini et al. In Vivo Gene Delivery and Stable Transduction of Nondividing Cells by a Lentiviral Vector. Science 272: 263-267, 1996. Included is pHRGFP plasmid map that is cited, downloaded 2011.Examiner
• Zennou et al. HIV-1 Genome Nuclear Import Is Mediated by a Central DNA Flap. Cell 101: 173-185, 2000.Examiner
• Zufferey et al. Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Posttranscriptional Regulatory Element Enhances Expression of Transgenes Delivered by Retroviral Vectors. J. of Virology 73(4): 2886-2892, 1999.Examiner
• Zufferey et al. Self-Inactivating Lentivirus Vector for Safe and Efficient In Vivo Gene Delivery. J. of Virology 72(12): 9873-9880, 1998.Examiner
• Office Communication, issued in Japanese Patent Application No. 2003-532630, dated Oct. 28, 2008. (English Translation).Applicant
• Lien et al., “Regulation of the myeloid-cell-expressed human gp91-phox gene as studied by transfer of yeast artificial chromosome clones into embryonic stem cells: Suppression of a variegated cellular patteron of expression requires a full complement of distant cis element,” Molecular and Cellular Biology, 17(4):2279-2290, 1997.Applicant
• Office Communication, issued in European Patent Application No. 02780402.0, dated Mar. 16, 2009.Applicant
• Anderson, “Human gene therapy,” Nature, 392:25-30, 1998.Applicant
• Deisseroth, “Clinical trials involving multidrug resistance transcription units in retroviral vectors,” Clin. Cancer Res., 5:1607-1609, 1999.Applicant
• Juengst, “What next for human gene therapy? Gene transfer often has multiple and unpredictable effects on cells,” BMJ, 326:1410-1411, 2003.Applicant
• Office Communication, issued in Canadian Patent Application No. 2,462,628, dated Nov. 18, 2010.Applicant
• “A Phase I study of Ex vivo nerve growth factor gene therapy for Alzheimer's disease,” sponsored by the Shiley Family Trust Institute for the Study of Aging, University of California, San Diego, Study ID Nos. IA0029, last reviewed Jun. 2001.Applicant
• “Ceregene exclusively licenses Neuturin gene from Washington Unviersity,” Ceregene, Inc. Press Release, Dec. 4, 2002.Applicant
• Akkina et al., “High-efficiency gene transfer into CD34+ cells with a human immunodeficiency virus type 1-based retroviral vector pseudotyped with vesicular stomatitis virus envelope glycoprotein G,” J. Virol., 70:2581-2585, 1996.Applicant
• Almendro et al., “Cloning of the human platelet endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 promoter and its tissue-specific expression. Structural and functional characterization,” J. Immunol., 157(12):5411-5421, 1996.Applicant
• An et al., “Marking and gene expression by a lentivirus vector in transplanted human and nonhuman primate CD34(+) cells,” J. Virol., 74:1286-1295, 2000.Applicant
• Angel et al.,“12-0-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate Induction of the Human Collagenase Gene is Mediated by an Inducible Enhancer Element Located in the 5′ Flanking Region,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 7:2256-2266, 1987.Applicant
• Angel et al., “Phorbol Ester-Inducible Genes Contain a Common cis Element Recognized by a TPA-Modulated Trans-acting Factor,” Cell, 49:729-739, 1987.Applicant
• Arrighi et al., “Long-term culture of human CD34(+) progenitors with FLT3-ligand, thrombopoietin, and stem cell factor induces extensive amplification of a CD34(−)CD14(−) and CD34(−)CD14(+) dendritic cell precursor,” Blood, 93:2244-2252, 1999.Applicant
• Atchison and Perry, “Tandem Kappa Immunoglobulin Promoters are Equally Active in the Presence of the Kappa Enhancer: Implications for Model of Enhancer Function,” Cell, 46:253-262, 1986.Applicant
• Atchison and Perry, “The Role of the κ Enhancer and its Binding Factor NF-κB in the Developmental Regulation of κ Gene Transcription,” Cell, 48:121-128, 1987.Applicant
• Banerji et al., “A lymphocyte-specific cellular enhancer is located downstream of the joining region in immunoglobulin heavy-chain genes,” Cell, 35:729-740, 1983.Applicant
• Banerji et al., “Expression of a Beta-Globin Gene is Enhanced by Remote SV40 DNA Sequences,” Cell, 27:299-308, 1981.Applicant
• Berkhout et al., “Tat Trans-activates the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Through a Nascent RNA Target,” Cell, 59:273-282, 1989.Applicant
• Bhatia et al., “Quantitative analysis reveals expansion of human hematopoietic repopulating cells after short-term ex vivo culture,” J. Exp. Med., 186:619-624, 1997.Applicant
• Blanar et al., “A gamma-interferon-induced factor that binds the interferon response sequence of the MHC class I gene, H-2Kb,” EMBO J., 8:1139-1144, 1989.Applicant
• Blömer et al., “Highly efficient and sustained gene transfer in adult neurons with a lentivirus vector,” J. Virol., 71:6641-6649, 1997.Applicant
• Bodine and Ley, “An enhancer element lies 3′ to the human a γ globin gene,” EMBO J., 6:2997-3004, 1987.Applicant
• Boshart et al., “A very strong enhancer is located upstream of an immediate early gene of human cytomegalovirus,” Cell, 41:521-530, 1985.Applicant
• Bösze et al., “A transcriptional enhancer with specificity for erythroid cells is located in the long terminal repeat of the friend murine leukemia virus,” EMBO J., 5:1615-1623, 1986.Applicant
• Braddock et al., “HIV-I Tat activates presynthesized RNA in the nucleus,” Cell, 58:269-279, 1989.Applicant
• Bray et al., A small element from the Mason-Pfizer monkey virus genome makes human immunodeficiency virus type 1, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. Feb. 15, 1994:91(4):1256-60.Applicant
• Brown et al., “Efficient polyadenylation within the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 long terminal repeat requires flanking U3-specific sequences,” J. Virol., 65:3340-3343, 1991.Applicant
• Bulla and Siddiqui, “The hepatitis B virus enhancer modulates transcription of the hepatitis B virus surface-antigen gene from an internal location,” J. Virol., 62:1437-1441, 1988.Applicant
• Campbell and Villarreal, “Functional analysis of the individual enhancer core sequences of polyomavirus: cell-specific uncoupling of DNA replication from transcription,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:1993-2004, 1988.Applicant
• Camper and Tilghman, “Postnatal repression of the α-fetoprotein gene is enhancer independent,” Genes and Dev., 3:537-546, 1989.Applicant
• Campo et al., “Transcriptional control signals in the genome of bovine papilloma virus type 1,” Nature, 303:77-80, 1983.Applicant
• Carbonelli et al. “A plasmid vector for isolation of strong promoters in E. coli,” FEMS Microbiol Lett. 177(1):75-82, 1999.Applicant
• Case et al., “Stable transduction of quiescent CD34(+)CD38(−) human hematopoietic cells by HIV-1 based lentiviral vectors,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 96:2988-2993, 1999.Applicant
• Celander and Haseltine, “Glucocorticoid Regulation of Murine Leukemia Virus Transcription Elements is Specified by Determinants Within the Viral Enhancer Region,” J. Virology, 61:269-275, 1987.Applicant
• Celander et al., “Regulatory Elements Within the Murine Leukemia Virus Enhancer Regions Mediate Glucocorticoid Responsiveness,” J. Virology, 62:1314-1322, 1988.Applicant
• Chandler et al., “DNA Sequences Bound Specifically by Glucocorticoid Receptor in vitro Render a Heterlogous Promoter Hormone Responsive in vivo,” Cell, 33:489-499, 1983.Applicant
• Chandler et al., “RNA splicing specificity determined by the coordinated action of RNA recognition motifs in SR proteins,” Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 94(8):3596-3601, 1997.Applicant
• Chang et al., “Efficacy and safety analyses of a recombinant human immunodeficiency virus type 1 derived vector system,” Gene Therapy, 6:715-728, 1999.Applicant
• Chang et al., “Glucose-regulated Protein (GRP94 and GRP78) Genes Share Common Regulatory Domains and are Coordinately Regulated by Common Trans-acting Factors,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:2153-2162, 1989.Applicant
• Charneau et al., “HIV-1 reverse transcription: a termination step at the center of the genome,” J. Mol. Biol. 241:651-662, 1994.Applicant
• Chatterjee et al., “Negative Regulation of the Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Alpha Gene by Thyroid Hormone: Receptor Interaction Adjacent to the TATA Box,” Proc Natl. Acad Sci. U.S.A., 86:9114-9118, 1989.Applicant
• Chen and Okayama, “High-efficiency transformation of mammalian cells by plasmid DNA,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 7:2745-2752, 1987.Applicant
• Cherrington and Ganem, “Regulation of polyadenylation in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): contributions of promoter proximity and upstream sequences,” Embo. J., 11:1513-1524, 1992.Applicant
• Choi et al., “An altered pattern of cross-resistance in multi-drug-resistant human cells results from spontaneous mutations in the mdr-1 (p-glycoprotein) gene,” Cell, 53:519-529, 1988.Applicant
• Cocea, “Duplication of a region in the multiple cloning site of a plasmid vector to enhance cloning-mediated addition of restriction sites to a DNA fragment,” Biotechniques, 23:814-816, 1997.Applicant
• Cohen et al., “A Repetitive Sequence Element 3′ of the Human c-Ha-ras1 Gene Has Enhancer Activity,” J. Cell. Physiol. Suppl., 5:75-81, 1987.Applicant
• Corbeau, et al., “Efficient gene transfer by a human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-derived vector utilizing a stable HIV packaging cell line,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 93:14070-14075, 1996.Applicant
• Costa et al., “The Cell-Specific Enhancer of the Mouse Transthyretin (Prealbumin) Gene Binds a Common Factor at One Site and a Liver-Specific Factor(s) at Two Other Sites,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:81-90, 1988.Applicant
• Cripe et al., “Transcriptional Regulation of the Human Papilloma Virus-16 E6-E7 Promoter by a Keratinocyte-Dependent Enhancer, and by Viral E2 Trans-Activator and Repressor Gene Products: Implications for Cervical Carcinogenesis,” EMBO J., 6:3745-3753, 1987.Applicant
• Culotta and Hamer, “Fine Mapping of a Mouse Metallothionein Gene Metal-Response Element,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:1376-1380, 1989.Applicant
• Dandolo et al., “Regulation of Polyoma Virus Transcription in Murine Embryonal Carcinoma Cells,” J. Virology, 47:55-64, 1983.Applicant
• Dao et al., “Adhesion to fibronectin maintains regenerative capacity during ex vivo, culture and transduction of human hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells,” Blood, 92:4612-4621, 1998.Applicant
• Dao et al., “FLT3 ligand preserves the ability of human CD34+ progenitors to sustain long-term hematopoiesis in immune-deficient mice after ex vivo retroviral-mediated transduction,” Blood, 89:446-456, 1997.Applicant
• Dardalhon et al., “lentivirus-mediated gene transfer in primary T cells is enhanced by central DNA flap,” Gene Therapy, 8:190-198, 2001.Applicant
• Das et al., “A conserved hairpin motif in the R-U5 region of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 RNA genome is essential for replication,” J. Virol. 71:2346-2356, 1997.Applicant
• De Villiers et al., “Polyoma Virus DNA Replication Requires an Enhancer,” Nature, 312:242-246, 1984.Applicant
• Deschamps et al., “Identification of a Transcriptional Enhancer Element Upstream From the Proto-Oncogene Fos,” Science, 230:1174-1177, 1985.Applicant
• DeZazzo et al., “Involvement of long terminal repeat U3 sequences overlapping the transcription control region in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 mRNA 3′ end formation,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 11:1624-1630, 1991.Applicant
• Donello et al., “Woodchuck hepatitis virus contains a tripartite posttranscriptional regulatory element,” J. Virol., 72:5085-5092, 1998.Applicant
• Dorrell et al., “Expansion of human cord blood CD34(+)CD38(−) cells in ex vivo culture during retroviral transduction without a corresponding increase in SCID repopulating cell (SRC) frequency: dissociation of SRC phenotype and function,” Blood, 95:102-110, 2000.Applicant
• Dull et al., “A third-generation lentivirus vector with a conditional packaging system,” J. of Virology, 72:8463-8471, 1998.Applicant
• Edbrooke et al., “Identification of cis-acting sequences responsible for phorbol ester induction of human serum amyloid a gene expression via a nuclear-factor-kappa β-like transcription factor,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:1908-1916, 1989.Applicant
• Edlund et al., “Cell-specific expression of the rat insulin gene: evidence for role of two distinct 5′ flanking elements,” Science, 230:912-916, 1985.Applicant
• Fechheimer et al., “Transfection of mammalian cells with plasmid DNA by scrape loading and sonication loading,” Proc Nat'l. Acad. Sci. USA 84:8463-8467, 1987.Applicant
• Feng and Holland, “HIV-I Tat Trans-Activation Requires the Loop Sequence Within Tar,” Nature, 334(6178):165-167, 1988.Applicant
• Firak and Subramanian, “Minimal Transcription Enhancer of Simian Virus 40 is a 74-Base-Pair Sequence that Has Interacting Domains,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 6:3667-3676, 1986.Applicant
• Foecking and Hofstetter, “Powerful and Versatile Enhancer-Promoter Unit for Mammalian Expression Vectors,” Gene, 45(1):101-105, 1986.Applicant
• Froehler et al., “Synthesis of DNA via deoxynucleoside H-phosphonate intermediates.” Nuc. Acids Res. 14:5399-5407, 1986.Applicant
• Fujita et al., “Interferon-β Gene Regulation: Tandemly Repeated Sequences of a Synthetic 6-bp Oligomer Function as a Virus-Inducible Enhancer,” Cell, 49:357-367, 1987.Applicant
• GenBank Accession No. AF105229.Applicant
• GenBank Accession No. M66390.Applicant
• GenBank Accession No. M82856.Applicant
• GenBank Accession No. NM—000397.Applicant
• Gilles et al., “A tissue-specific transcription enhancer element is located in the major intron of a rearranged immunoglobulin heavy-chain gene,” Cell, 33:717-728, 1983.Applicant
• Gilmartin et al., “Activation of HIV-1 pre-mRNA 3′ processing in vitro requires both an upstream element and TAR,” Embo. J., 11:4419-4428, 1992.Applicant
• Gloss et al., “The Upstream Regulatory Region of the Human Papilloma Virus-16 Contains an E2 Protein-Independent Enhancer Which is Specific for Cervical Carcinoma Cells and Regulated by Glucocorticoid Hormones,” EMBO J., 6:3735-3743, 1987.Applicant
• Godbout et al., “Fine-Structure Mapping of the Three Mouse Alpha-Fetoprotein Gene Enhancers,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:1169-1178, 1988.Applicant
• Goodbourn and Maniatis, “Overlapping Positive and Negative Regulatory Domains of the Human β-Interferon Gene,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 85:1447-1451, 1988.Applicant
• Goodbourn et al., “The Human Beta-Interferon Gene Enhancer is Under Negative Control,” Cell, 45:601-610, 1986.Applicant
• Gopal, “Gene transfer method for transient gene expression, stable transformation, and cotransformation of suspension cell cultures,” Mol. Cell. Biol. 5:1188-1190, 1985.Applicant
• Gossen and Bujard, “Tight control of gene expression in mammalian cells by tetracycline-responsive promoters,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., 89:5547-5551, 1992.Applicant
• Graham and Van Der Eb, “A new technique for the assay of infectivity of human adenovirus 5 DNA,” Virology, 52:456-467, 1973.Applicant
• Greco and Dachs, “Gene directed enzyme/prodrug therapy of cancer: historical appraisal and future prospectives,” J. Cell. Phys., 187: 22-36, 2001.Applicant
• Greene et al., “HIV-1, and Normal T-Cell Growth: Transcriptional Strategies and Surprises,” Immunology Today, 10:272-278, 1989.Applicant
• Grosschedl and Baltimore, “Cell-Type Specificity of Immunoglobulin Gene Expression is Regulated by at Least Three DNA Sequence Elements,” Cell, 41:885-897, 1985.Applicant
• Haslinger and Karin, “Upstream Promoter Element of the Human Metallothionein-II Gene Can Act Like an Enhancer Element,” Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 82:8572-8576, 1985.Applicant
• Hauber and Cullen, “Mutational Analysis of the Trans-Activation-Responsive Region of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type I Long Terminal Repeat,” J. Virology, 62:673-679, 1988.Applicant
• Hen et al., “A Mutated Polyoma Virus Enhancer Which is Active in Undifferentiated Embryonal Carcinoma Cells is not Repressed by Adenovirus-2 E1A Products,” Nature, 321:249-251, 1986.Applicant
• Hensel et al., “PMA-Responsive 5′ Flanking Sequences of the Human TNF Gene,” Lymphokine Res., 8:347-351, 1989.Applicant
• Herr and Clarke, “The SV40 Enhancer is Composed of Multiple Functional Elements That Can Compensate for One Another,” Cell, 45:461-470, 1986.Applicant
• Hickstein et al., “Identification of the promoter of the myelomonocytic leukocyte integrin CD11b,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA, 89:2105-2109, 1992.Applicant
• Hirochika et al., “Enhancers and Trans-Acting E2 Transcriptional Factors of Papilloma Viruses,” J. Virol., 61:2599-2606, 1987.Applicant
• Hirsch et al., “Identification of Positive and Negative Regulatory Elements Governing Cell-Type-Specific Expression of the Neural-Cell-Adhesion-Molecule Gene,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:1959-1968, 1990.Applicant
• Holbrook et al., “cis-Acting Transcriptional Regulatory Sequences in the Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus (GALV) Long Terminal Repeat,” Virology, 157:211-219, 1987.Applicant
• Horlick and Benfield, “The upstream muscle-specific enhancer of the rat muscle creatine kinase gene is composed of multiple elements,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:2396-2413, 1989.Applicant
• Hou et al., “Regulatory elements and transcription factors controlling basal and cytokine-induced expression of the gene encoding intercellular adhesion molecule 1,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA, 91:11641-11645, 1994.Applicant
• Huang et al., “Glucocorticoid regulation of the ha-musv p21 gene conferred by sequences from mouse mammary tumor virus,” Cell, 27:245-255, 1981.Applicant
• Hug et al., “Organization of the Murine Mx Gene and Characterization of its Interferon- and Virus-Inducible Promoter,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:3065-3079, 1988.Applicant
• Hwang et al., “Characterization of the S-Phase-Specific Transcription Regulatory Elements in a DNA-Replication-Independent Testis-Specific H2B (TH2B) Histone Gene,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:585-592, 1990.Applicant
• Imagawa et al., “Transcription Factor AP-2 Mediates Induction by Two Different Signal-Transduction Pathways: Protein Kinase C and cAMP,” Cell, 51:251-260, 1987.Applicant
• Imbra and Karin, “Phorbol Ester Induces the Transcriptional Stimulatory Activity of the SV40 Enhancer,” Nature, 323:555-558, 1986.Applicant
• Imler et al., “Negative Regulation Contributes to Tissue Specificity of the Immunoglobulin Heavy-Chain Enhancer,” Mol. Cell. Biol, 7:2558-2567, 1987.Applicant
• Imperiale and Nevins, “Adenovirus 5 E2 Transcription Unit: an E1A-Inducible Promoter with an Essential Element that Functions Independently of Position or Orientation,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 4:875-882, 1984.Applicant
• Jakobovits et al., “A Discrete Element 3′ of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 (HIV-1) and HIV-2 mRNA Initiation Sites Mediates Transcriptional Activation by an HIV Trans-Activator,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:2555-2561, 1988.Applicant
• Jameel and Siddiqui, “The Human Hepatitis B Virus Enhancer Requires Transacting Cellular Factor(s) for Activity,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 6:710-715, 1986.Applicant
• Jaynes et al., “The Muscle Creatine Kinase Gene is Regulated by Multiple Upstream Elements, Including a Muscle-Specific Enhancer,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:62-70, 1988.Applicant
• Johnson et al., “Muscle creatine kinase sequence elements regulating skeletal and cardiac muscle expression in transgenic mice,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:3393-3399, 1989.Applicant
• Kadesch and Berg, “Effects of the Position of the Simian Virus 40 Enhancer on Expression of Multiple Transcription Units in a Single Plasmid,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 6:2593-2601, 1986.Applicant
• Kafri et al., “Lentiviral vectors: regulated gene expression,” Molecular Therapy, 1(6):516-521, 2000.Applicant
• Kafri et al., “Sustained expression of genes delivered directly into liver and muscle by lentiviral vectors,” Nature Genetics, 17:314-317, 1997.Applicant
• Karin et al., “Metal-Responsive Elements Act as Positive Modulators of Human Metallothionein-IIA Enhancer Activity,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 7:606-613, 1987.Applicant
• Katinka et al., “Expression of Polyoma Early Functions in Mouse Embryonal Carcinoma Cells Depends on Sequence Rearrangements in the Beginning of the Late Region,” Cell, 20:393-399, 1980.Applicant
• Kawamoto et al., “Identification of the Human Beta-Actin Enhancer and its Binding Factor,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:267-272, 1988.Applicant
• Kiledjian et al., “Identification and characterization of two functional domains within the murine heavy-chain enhancer,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:145-152, 1988.Applicant
• Klages et al., “A stable system for the high-titer production of multiply aattenuated lentiviral vectors,” Mol. Ther. 2:170-176, 2000.Applicant
• Klamut et al., “Molecular and Functional Analysis of the Muscle-Specific Promoter Region of the Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy Gene,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:193-205, 1990.Applicant
• Klein et al., “High-velocity microprojectiles for delivering nucleic acids into living cells,” Nature, 327:70-73, 1987.Applicant
• Koch et al., “Anatomy of a new B-cell-specific enhancer,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:303-311, 1989.Applicant
• Kohn et al., “Toward gene therapy for Gaucher disease,” Hum. Gene Ther., 2:101-105, 1991.Applicant
• Kraus et al., “Alternative promoter usage and tissue specific expression of the mouse somatostatin receptor 2 gene,” FEBS Lett., 428(3):165-170, 1998.Applicant
• Kriegler and Botchan, “A retrovirus LTR contains a new type of eukaryotic regulatory element,” In: Eukaryotic Viral Vectors, Gluzman (ed.), Cold Spring Harbor, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, NY, 171-180, 1982.Applicant
• Kriegler et al., “A Novel Form of TNF/Cachectin Is a Cell-Surface Cytotoxix Transmembrane Protein: Ramifications for the Complex Physiology of TNF,” Cell, 53:45-53, 1988.Applicant
• Kriegler et al., “Promoter substitution and enhancer augmentation increases the penetrance of the sv40 a gene to levels comparable to that of the harvey murine sarcoma virus ras gene in morphologic transformation,” In: Gene Expression, Alan Liss (Ed.), Hamer and Rosenberg, New York, 107-124, 1983.Applicant
• Kriegler et al., “Viral Integration and Early Gene Expression Both Affect the Efficiency of SV40 Transformation of Murine Cells: Biochemical and Biological Characterization of an SV40 Retrovirus,” In: Cancer Cells 2/Oncogenes and Viral Genes, Van de Woude et al. (eds), Cold Spring Harbor, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 345-353, 1984.Applicant
• Kuhl et al., “Reversible Silencing of Enhancers by Sequences Derived From the Human IFN-alpha Promoter,” Cell, 50:1057-1069, 1987.Applicant
• Kunz et al., “Identification of the Promoter Sequences Involved in the Interleukin-6-Dependent Expression of the Rat Alpha-2-Macroglobulin Gene,” Nucl. Acids Res., 17:1121-1138, 1989.Applicant
• Lareyre et al., “A 5-kilobase pair promoter fragment of the murine epididymal retinoic acid-binding protein gene drives the tissue-specific, cell-specific, and androgen-regulated expression of a foreign gene in the epididymis of transgenic mice,” J Biol Chem., 274(12):8282-8290, 1999.Applicant
• Larsen et al., “Repression medaites cell-type-specific expression of the rat growth hormone gene,” Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. USA., 83:8283-8287, 1986.Applicant
• Laspia et al., “HIV-1 Tat protein increases transcriptional initiation and stabilizes elongation,” Cell, 59:283-292, 1989.Applicant
• Latimer et al., “Highly conserved upstream regions of the alpha..sub.1-antitrypsin gene in two mouse species govern liver-specific expression by different mechanisms,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:760-769, 1990.Applicant
• Lee et al., “Glucocorticoids Regulate Expression of Dihydrofolate Reductase cDNA in Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Chimaeric Plasmids,” Nature, 294:228-232, 1981.Applicant
• Lee et al., “Activation of beta3-adrenoceptors by exogenous dopamine to lower glucose uptake into rat adipocytes,” J Auton Nerv Syst. 74(2-3):86-90, 1997.Applicant
• Levenson et al., “Internal ribosomal entry site-containing retroviral vectors with green fluorescent protein and drug resistance markers,” Human Gene Therapy, 9:1233-1236, 1998.Applicant
• Levinson et al., “Activation of SV40 Genome by 72-Base-Pair Tandem Repeats of Moloney Sarcoma Virus,” Nature, 295:568-572, 1982.Applicant
• Lewis and Emerman, “Passage through mitosis is required for oncoretroviruses but not for the human immunodeficiency virus,” J. Virol., 68:510-516, 1994.Applicant
• Lin et al., “Delineation of an enhancerlike positive regulatory element in the interleukin-2 receptor .alpha.-chain gene,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:850-853, 1990.Applicant
• Loubiere et al., “The equine herpes virus 4 thymidine kinase is a better suicide gene than the human herpes virus 1 thymidine kinase,” Gene Ther. 6(9):1638-1642, 1999.Applicant
• Luo and Skalnik, “CCAAT displacement protein competes with multiple transcriptional activators for binding to four sites in the proximal gp91phox promoter,” J. Biol. Chem., 271:18203-18210, 1996.Applicant
• Luo and Skalnik, “Interferon regulatory factor-2 directs transcription from the gp91phox promoter,” J. Biol. Chem., 271:2345-2351, 1996.Applicant
• Luria et al., “Promoter Enhancer Elements in the Rearranged Alpha-Chain Gene of the Human T-Cell Receptor,” EMBO J., 6:3307-3312, 1987.Applicant
• Lusky and Botchan, “Transient Replication of Bovine Papilloma Virus Type 1 Plasmids: cis and trans Requirements,” Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 83:3609-3613, 1986.Applicant
• Lusky et al., “Bovine Papilloma Virus Contains an Activator of Gene Expression at the Distal End of the Early Transcription Unit,” Mol. Cell. Biol. 3:1108-1122, 1983.Applicant
• Majors and Varmus, “A Small Region of the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Long Terminal Repeat Confers Glucocorticoid Hormone Regulation on a Linked Heterologous Gene,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 80:5866-5870, 1983.Applicant
• Malik et al., “Retroviral-mediated gene expression in human myelomonocyti a comparison of hematopoietic cell promoters to viral promote,” Blood, 86:2993-3005, 1995.Applicant
• Mangeot et al., “Development of minimal lentivirus derived from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac251) and their use for gene transfer into human dendritic cells,” Jour. Vir., 74:8307-8315, 2000.Applicant
• Marthas et al. “Viral determinants of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) virulence in Rhesus macaques assessed by using attenuated and pathogenic molecular clones of SIVmac,” J. Virol., 67:6047-6055, 1993.Applicant
• May et al., “Therapeutic haemoglobin synthesis in beta-thalassaemic mice expressing lentivirus-encoded human beta-globin,” Nature, 406:82-86, 2000.Applicant
• Mazurier et al., “Rapid analysis and efficient selection of human transduced primitive hematopoietic cells using the humanized S65T green fluorescent protein,” Gene Ther., 5:556-562, 1998.Applicant
• McNeall et al., “Hyperinducible Gene Expression From a Metallotionein Promoter Containing Additional Metal-Responsive Elements,” Gene, 76:81-88, 1989.Applicant
• Miksicek et al., “Glucocorticoid Responsiveness of the Transcriptional Enhancer of Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus,” Cell, 46:283-290, 1986.Applicant
• Miyoshi et al., “Transduction of human CD34+ cells that mediate long-term engraftment of NOD/SCID mice by HIV vectors,” Science, 283:682-686, 1999.Applicant
• Mizushima and Nagata, “pEF-BOS, a powerful mammalian expression vector,” Nucleic Acids Res., 18:5322, 1990.Applicant
• Mordacq and Linzer, “Co-localization of Elements Required for Phorbol Ester Stimulation and Glucocorticoid Repression of Proliferin Gene Expression,” Genes and Dev., 3:760-769, 1989.Applicant
• Moreau et al., “The SV40 base-repair repeat has a striking effect on gene expression both in sv40 and other chimeric recombinants,” Nucl. Acids Res., 9:6047-6068, 1981.Applicant
• Muesing et al., “Regulation of mRNA accumulation by a human immunodeficiency virus trans-activator protein,” Cell, 48:691-701, 1987.Applicant
• Naldini et al., “Efficient transfer, integration, and sustained long-term expression of the transgene in adult rat brains injected with a lentiviral vector,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 93:11382-11388, 1996.Applicant
• Naldini et al., “In vivo gene delivery and stable transduction of nondividing cells by a lentiviral vector,” Science, 272:263-267, 1996.Applicant
• Naldini, “Lentiviruses as gene transfer agents for delivery to non-dividing cells,” Current Opinion in Biotechnology, 9:457-463, 1998.Applicant
• Ng et al., “Regulation of the Human Beta-Actin Promoter by Upstream and Intron Domains,” Nuc. Acids Res., 17:601-615, 1989.Applicant
• Nomoto et al., “Cloning and characterization of the alternative promoter regions of the human LIMK2 gene responsible for alternative transcripts with tissue-specific expression,” Gene, 236(2):259-271, 1999.Applicant
• Ondek et al., “Discrete Elements Within the SV40 Enhancer Region Display Different Cell-Specific Enhancer Activities,” EMBO J., 6:1017-1025, 1987.Applicant
• Ornitz et al., “Promoter and enhancer elements from the rat elastase i gene function independently of each other and of heterologous enhancers,” Mol. Cell. Biol. 7:3466-3472, 1987.Applicant
• Ory et al., “A stable human-derived packaging cell line for production of high titer retrovirus/vesicular stomatitis virus G pseudotypes,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 93:11400-11406, 1996.Applicant
• Pahl et al., “Characterization of the myeloid-specific CD11b promoter,” Blood, 79:865-870, 1992.Applicant
• Palmiter et al., “Differential regulation of metallothionein-thymidine kinase fusion genes in transgenic mice and their offspring,” Cell, 29:701-710, 1982.Applicant
• Pech et al., “Functional identification of regulatory elements within the promoter region of platelet-derived growth factor 2,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:396-405, 1989.Applicant
• Perez-Stable and Constantini, “Roles of fetal Gγ-globin promoter elements and the adult β-globin 3′ enhancer in the stage-specific expression of globin genes,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:1116-1125, 1990.Applicant
• Piacibello et al., “Engraftment in nonobese diabetic severe combined immunodeficient mice of human CD34(+) cord blood cells after ex vivo expansion: evidence for the amplification and self-renewal of repopulating stem cells,” Blood, 93:3736-3749, 1999.Applicant
• Picard and Schaffner, “A Lymphocyte-Specific Enhancer in the Mouse Immunoglobulin Kappa Gene,” Nature, 307:80-82, 1984.Applicant
• Pinkert et al., “An albumin enhancer located 10 kb upstream functions along with its promoter to direct efficient, liver-specific expression in transgenic mice,” Genes and Dev., 1:268-276, 1987.Applicant
• Ponta et al., “Hormonal Response Region in the Mouse Mammary Tumor Virus Long Terminal Repeat Can Be Dissociated From the Proviral Promoter and Has Enhancer Properties,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 82:1020-1024, 1985.Applicant
• Porton et al., “Immunoglobulin heavy-chain enhancer is required to maintain transfected .gamma.2a gene expression in a pre-b-cell line,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:1076-1083, 1990.Applicant
• Potter et al., “Enhancer-dependent expression of human k immunoglobulin genes introduced into mouse pre-B lymphocytes by electroporation,” Proc Nat'l Acad. Sci. USA, 81:7161-7165, 1984.Applicant
• Queen and Baltimore, “Immunoglobulin Gene Transcription is Activated by Downstream Sequence Elements,” Cell, 35:741-748, 1983.Applicant
• Quinn et al., “Multiple components are required for sequence recognition of the ap1 site in the gibbon ape leukemia virus enhancer,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:4713-4721, 1989.Applicant
• Ramezani et al., “Lentiviral vectors for enhanced gene expression in human hematopietic cells,” Mol. Ther., 2:458-469, 2000.Applicant
• Redondo et al., “A T-Cell-Specific Transcriptional Enhancer Within the Human T-Cell Receptor .delta. Locus,” Science, 247:1225-1229, 1990.Applicant
• Reisman and Rotter, “Induced Expression From the Moloney Murine Leukemia Virus Long Terminal Repeat During Differentiation of Human Myeloid Cells is Mediated Through its Transcriptional Enhancer,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:3571-3575, 1989.Applicant
• Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 15th Ed., pp. 1035-1038 and 1570-1580, 1975.Applicant
• Resendez Jr., et al., “Identification of highly conserved regulatory domains and protein-binding sites in the promoters of the rat and human genes encoding the stress-inducible 78-kilodalton glucose-regulated protein,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:4579-4584, 1988.Applicant
• Rippe et al., “DNA-mediated gene transfer into adult rat hepatocytes in primary culture,” Mol. Cell Biol., 10:689-695, 1990.Applicant
• Rippe et al., “Regulatory elements in the 5′ flanking region and the first intron contribute to transcriptional control of the mouse alpha-1-type collagen gene,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:2224-2227, 1989.Applicant
• Rittling et al., “AP-1/jun-binding Sites Mediate Serum Inducibility of the Human Vimentin Promoter,” Nuc. Acids Res., 17:1619-1633, 1989.Applicant
• Roe et al., “Integration of murine leukemia virus DNA depends on mitosis,” Embo. J., 12:2099-2108, 1993.Applicant
• Rosen et al., “The location of cis-acting regulatory sequences in the human t-cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-111/LAV) long terminal repeat,” Cell, 41:813-823, 1985.Applicant
• Sakai et al., “Hormone-Mediated Repression: A Negative Glucocorticoid-Response Element From the Bovine Prolactin Gene,” Genes and Dev., 2:1144-1154, 1988.Applicant
• Salmon et al., “High-level transgene expression in human hematopoietic progenitors and differentia lineages after transduction with improved lentiviral vectors,” Blood, 96:3392-3398, 2000.Applicant
• Sambrook et al., In: Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual 2 rev.ed., Cold Spring Harbor, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 17.29-17.31, 1.77, 1989.Applicant
• Sanchez et al., “Selective rescue of early hematopoietic progenitors in Scl−/-mice by expressing Scl under the control of a stem cell enhancer,” Development, 128:4815-4827, 2001.Applicant
• Satake et al., “Biological activities of oligonucleotides spanning the f9 point mutation within the enhancer region of polyoma virus DNA,” J. Virology, 62:970-977, 1988.Applicant
• Schaffner et al., “Redundancy of Information in Enhancers as a Principle of Mammalian Transcription Control,” J. Mol. Biol., 201:81-90, 1988.Applicant
• Scharfmann et al., “Long-term in vivo expression of retrovirus-mediated gene transfer in mouse fibroblast implants,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:4626-4630, 1991.Applicant
• Schmid et al., “A rapid method for measuring apoptosis and dual-color immunofluorescence by single laser flow cytometry,” J. Immunol. Methods, 170:145-157, 1994.Applicant
• Searle et al., “Building a metal-responsive promoter with synthetic regulatory elements,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 5:1480-1489, 1985.Applicant
• Sharp and Marciniak, “HIV Tar: an RNA Enhancer?,” Cell, 59:229-230, 1989.Applicant
• Shaul and Ben-Levy, “Multiple Nuclear Proteins in Liver Cells are Bound to Hepatitis B Virus Enhancer Element and its Upstream Sequences,” EMBO J., 6:1913-1920, 1987.Applicant
• Sherman et al., “Class II Box Consensus Sequences in the HLA-DR.alpha. Gene: Transcriptional Function and Interaction with Nuclear Proteins,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:50-56, 1989.Applicant
• Skalnik et al., “CCAAT displacement protein as a receptor of the myelomonocytic-specific gp91-ph promoter,” J. Biol. Chem., 266:16736-16744, 1991.Applicant
• Skalnik et al., “Restriction of neuroblastoma to the prostate gland in transgenic mice,” Mol Cell Biol., 11:4518-4527, 1991.Applicant
• Skalnik et al., “Targeting of transgene expression to monocyte/macrophages by the gp91-phox promoter and consequent histiocytic malignancies,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA, 88:8505-8509, 1991.Applicant
• Sleigh and Lockett, “SV40 Enhancer Activation During Retinoic-Acid-Induced Differentiation of F9 Embryonal Carcinoma Cells,” J. EMBO, 4:3831-3837, 1985.Applicant
• Spalholz et al., “Transactivation of a Bovine Papilloma Virus Transcriptional Regulatory Element by the E2 Gene Product,” Cell, 42:183-191, 1985.Applicant
• Spandau and Lee, “Trans-Activation of Viral Enhancers by the Hepatitis B Virus X Protein,” J. Virology, 62:427-434, 1988.Applicant
• Spandidos and Wilkie, “Host-Specificities of Papilloma Virus, Moloney Murine Sarcoma Virus and Simian Virus 40 Enhancer Sequences,” EMBO J., 2:1193-1199, 1983.Applicant
• Stephens and Hentschel, “The Bovine Papilloma Virus Genome and its Uses as a Eukaryotic Vector,” Biochem. J., 248:1-11, 1987.Applicant
• Stuart et al., “Identification of Multiple Metal Regulatory Elements in Mouse Metallothionein-I Promoter by Assaying Synthetic Sequences,” Nature, 317:828-831, 1985.Applicant
• Sullivan and Peterlin, “Transcriptional Enhancers in the HLA-DQ Subregion,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 7:3315-3319, 1987.Applicant
• Sutton et al., “Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vectors efficiently transduce human hematopoietic stem cells,” J. Virol., 72:5781-5788, 1998.Applicant
• Sutton et al., “Transduction of human progenitor hematopoietic stem cells by human immunodeficiency virus type 1-based vectors is cell cycle dependent,” J. Virol., 73:3649-3660, 1999.Applicant
• Swartzendruber and Lehman, “Neoplastic Differentiation: Interaction of Simian Virus 40 and Polyoma Virus with Murine Teratocarcinoma Cells,” J. Cell. Physiology, 85:179-188, 1975.Applicant
• Takebe et al., “SRα Promoter: An Efficient and Versatile Mammalian cDNA Expression System Composed of the Simian Virus 40 Early Promoter and the R-U5 Segment of Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 Long Terminal Repeat,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:466-472, 1988.Applicant
• Tavernier et al., “Deletion Mapping of the Inducible Promoter of Human IFN-beta Gene,” Nature, 301:634-636, 1983.Applicant
• Taylor and Kingston, “EIA Trans-Activation of Human HSP70 Gene Promoter Substitution Mutants is Independent of the Composition of Upstream and TATA Elements,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:176-183, 1990.Applicant
• Taylor and Kingston, “Factor Substitution in a Human HSP70 Gene Promoter: TATA-Dependent and TATA-Independent Interactions,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:165-175, 1990.Applicant
• Taylor et al., “Stimulation of the Human Heat-Shock Protein 70 Promoter in vitro by Simian Virus 40 Large T Antigen,” J. Biol. Chem., 264:16160-16164, 1989.Applicant
• Thiesen et al., “A DNA Element Responsible for the Different Tissue Specificities of Friend and Moloney Retroviral Enhancers,” J. Virology, 62:614-618, 1988.Applicant
• Tronche et al., “Anatomy of the Rat Albumin Promoter,” Mol. Biol. Med., 7:173-185, 1990.Applicant
• Tronche et al., “The Rat Albumin Promoter: Cooperation with Upstream Elements is Required When Binding of APF/HNF 1 to the Proximal Element is Partially Impaired by Mutation or Bacterial Methylation,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:4759-4766, 1989.Applicant
• Trono, “Lentiviral vectors: turning a deadly foe into a therapeutic agent,” Gene Ther., 7: 20-23, 2000.Applicant
• Trudel and Constantini, “A 3′ Enhancer Contributes to the Stage-Specific Expression of the human Beta-Globin Gene,” Genes and Dev., 6:954-961, 1987.Applicant
• Tsumaki et al., “Modular arrangement of cartilage- and neural tissue-specific cis-elements in the mouse alpha2(XI) collagen promoter,” J Biol Chem., 273(36):22861-22864, 1998.Applicant
• Tur-Kaspa et al., “Use of electroporation to introduce biologically active foreign genes into primary rat hepatocytes,” Mol. Cell Biol., 6:716-718, 1986.Applicant
• Tyndall et al., “A Region of the Polyoma Virus Genome Between the Replication Origin and Late Protein-Coding Sequences is Required in cis for Both Early Gene Expression and Viral DNA Replication,” Nuc. Acids. Res., 9:6231-6250, 1981.Applicant
• Uchida et al., “HIV, but not murine leukemia virus, vectors mediate high efficiency gene transfer into freshly isolated G0/G1 human hematopoietic stem cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 95:11939-11944, 1998.Applicant
• Ueda et al., “Expansion of human NOD/SCID-repopulating cells by stem cell factor, Flk2/Flt3 ligand, thrombopoietin, IL-6, and soluble IL-6 receptor,” J. Clin. Invest., 105:1013-1021, 2000.Applicant
• Unutmaz et al., “Cytokine signals are sufficient for HIV-1 infection of resting human T lymphocytes,” J. Exp. Med., 189:1735-1746, 1999.Applicant
• Valsamakis et al., “Elements upstream of the AAUAAA within the human immunodeficiency virus polyadenylation signal are required for efficient polyadenylation in vitro,” Mol. Cell Biol., 12:3699-3705, 1992.Applicant
• Valsamakis et al., “The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 polyadenylylation signal: a 3′ long terminal repeat element upstream of the AAUAAA necessary for efficient polyadenylylation,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:2108-2112, 1991.Applicant
• Vannice and Levinson, “Properties of the Human Hepatitis B Virus Enhancer: Position Effects and Cell-Type Nonspecificity,” J. Virology, 62:1305-1313, 1988.Applicant
• Vasseur et al., “Isolation and Characterization of Polyoma Virus Mutants Able to Develop in Multipotential Murine Embryonal Carcinoma Cells,” Proc Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 77:1068-1072, 1980.Applicant
• Wang and Calame, “SV40 enhancer-binding factors are required at the establishment but not the maintenance step of enhancer-dependent transcriptional activation,” Cell, 47:241-247, 1986.Applicant
• Watanabe et al., Gene transfection of mouse primordial germ cells in vitro and analysis of their survival and growth control, Experimental Cell Research, 230:76-83, 1997.Applicant
• Weber et al., “An SV40 ‘Enhancer Trap’ Incorporates Exogenous Enhancers or Generates Enhancers From its Own Sequences,” Cell, 36:983-992, 1984.Applicant
• Weinberger et al., “Localization of a Repressive Sequence Contributing to B-cell Specificity in the Immunoglobulin Heavy-Chain Enhancer,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 8:988-992, 1988.Applicant
• Winoto and Baltimore, “αβ-lineage-specific Expression of the α T-Cell Receptor Gene by Nearby Silencers,” Cell, 59:649-655, 1989.Applicant
• Wu et al., “Development of a novel trans-lentiviral vector that affords predictable safety,” Mol. Ther. 2:47-55, 2000.Applicant
• Wu et al., “Promoter-dependent tissue-specific expressive nature of imprinting gene, insulin-like growth factor II, in human tissues,” Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 233(1):221-226, 1997.Applicant
• Yang et al., “In vivo and in vitro gene transfer to mammalian somatic cells by particle bombardment,” Proc Nat'l Acad Sci. USA, 87:9568-9572, 1990.Applicant
• Yu et al., “Prostate-specific targeting using PSA promoter-based lentiviral vectors,” Cancer Gene Therapy, 8(9):628-635, 2001.Applicant
• Yutzey et al., “An Internal Regulatory Element Controls Troponin I Gene Expression,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 9:1397-1405, 1989.Applicant
• Zennau et al., “The HIV-1 DNA flap stimulates HIV vector-mediated cell transduction in the brain,” Nature Biotechnology, 19:446-450, 2001.Applicant
• Zennou et al., “HIV-1 genome nuclear import is mediated by a central DNA flap,” Cell, 101:173-185, 2000.Applicant
• Zufferey and Trono, Current Protocols in Neuroscience: unit 4.21: “High-titer production of lentiviral vectors,” John Wiley & Sons, New York, 2000, table of contents and manuscript.Applicant
• Zufferey et al., “Multiply attenuated lentiviral vector achieves efficient gene delivery in vivo,” Nat. Biotechnol., 15:871-875, 1997.Applicant
• Zufferey et al., “Self-inactivating lentivirus vector for safe and efficient in vivo gene delivery,” J. of Virology, 72:9873-9880, 1998.Applicant
• Zufferey et al., “Woodchuck hepatitis virus posttranscriptional regulatory element ehances expression of transgenes delivered by retroviral vectors,” J. of Virology, 73:2886-2892, 1999.Applicant
• Abbas-Terki et al., “Lentiviral-mediate RNA interference,” Human Gene Ther., 13:2197-2201, 2002.Applicant
• Allikian et al., “Doxycycline-induced expression of sense and inverted-repeat constructs modulates phosphogluconate mutase (Pgm) gene expression in adult Drosophila melanogaster,” Genome Biology, 3(5):0021.1-0021.10, 2002.Applicant
• Archambault and Friesen, “Genetics of Eukaryotic RNA Polymerases I, II , and III,” Microbiol. Reviews, 57:703-724, 1993.Applicant
• Ayer et al., “Mad proteins contain a dominant transcription repression domain,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 16:5772-5781, 1996.Applicant
• Baim et al., “A chimeric mammalian transactivator based on the lac repressor that is regulated by temperature and isopropyl β-D-thiogalactopyranoside,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 88:5072-5076, 1991.Applicant
• Barton and Medzhitov, “Retroviral delivery of small interfering RNA into primary cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 99(23):14943-14945, 2002.Applicant
• Bellefroid et al., “The evolutionary conserved Krüppel-associated box domain defines a subfamily of eukaryotic multifingered proteins,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 88:3608-3612, 1991.Applicant
• Braselmann et al., “A selective transcriptional induction system for mammalian cells based on Ga14-estrogen receptor fusion proteins,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 90:1657-1661, 1993.Applicant
• Brown et al., “Iac repressor can regulate expression from a hybrid SV40 early promoter containing a Iac operator in animal cells,” Cell, 49:603-612, 1987.Applicant
• Brummelkamp et al., “A system for stable expression of short interfering RNAs in mammalian cells,” Science, 296:550-553, 2002.Applicant
• Carmell et al., “Germline transmission of RNAi in mice,” Nat. Struct. Biol., 10(2):91-92, 2003.Applicant
• Charneau et al., “A second origin of DNA plus-stranded synthesis is required for optimal human immunodeficiency virus replication,” Journal of Virology, 66:2814-2820, 1992.Applicant
• Christodoulopoulos et al., “Sequences in the Cytoplasmic Tail of the Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus Envelope Protein that Prevent It's Incorporation into Lentivirus Vectors,” Journal of Virology, 75(9):4129-4138, 2001.Applicant
• Clark and Docherty, “Negative regulation of transcription in eukaryotes,” Biochem. J., 296:521-541, 1993.Applicant
• Colombatti et al., “Selective killing of target cells by antibody-ricin a chain or antibody-gelonin hybrid molecules: comparison of cytotoxic potency and use in immunoselection procedures,” J. Immunol., 131(6):3091-3095, 1983.Applicant
• Cowell, “Repression versus activation in the control of gene transcription,” TIBS, 19:38-42, 1994.Applicant
• Cultraro et al., “Function of the c-Myc antagonist Mad1 during a molecular switch from proliferation to differentiation,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 17(5):2353-2359, 1997.Applicant
• Czauderna et al., “Inducible shRNA expresion for application in a prostate cancer mouse model,” Nucleic Acids Research, 31 (2):e127, 2003.Applicant
• Deuschle et al., “Regulated expression of foreign genes in mammalian cells under the control of coliphage T3 RNA polymerase and lac repressor,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 86:5400-5405, 1989.Applicant
• Deuschle et al., “RNA polymerase II transcription blocked by Escherichia coli lac repressor,” Science, 248:480-483, 1990.Applicant
• Deuschle et al., “Tetracycline-reversible silencing of eukaryotic promoters,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 15(4):1907-1914, 1995.Applicant
• Devroe and Silver, “Retrovirus-delivered siRNA,” BMC Biotechnol., 2(1):15, 2002.Applicant
• Dingermann et al., “RNA polymerase II catalysed transcription can be regulated in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by the bacterial tetracycline repressor-operator system,” EMBO J., 11:1487-1492, 1992.Applicant
• Donzé and Picard, “RNA interference in mammalian cells using siRNAs synthesized with T7 RNA polymerase,” Nucleic Acids Research, 30(10):e46, 2002.Applicant
• Elbashir et al., “Analysis of gene function in somatic mammalian cells using small interfering RNAs,” Methods, 26:199-213, 2002.Applicant
• Elbashir, “Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells,” Nature, 411:494-498, 2001.Applicant
• Epstein et al., “Tumor-specific PAX3-FKHR transcription factor, but not PAX3, activates the platelet-derived growth factor alpha receptor,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 18(7):4118-4130, 1998.Applicant
• Figge et al., “Stringent regulation of stably integrated chloramphenicl acetyl transferase genes by E. coli Iac repressor in monkey cells,” Cell, 52:713-722, 1988.Applicant
• Friedman et al., “KAP-1, a novel corepressor for the highly conserved KRAB repression domain,” Genes Dev., 10:2067-2078, 1996.Applicant
• Fuerst et al., “Transfer of the inducible lac repressor/operator system from Echerichia coli to a vaccinia virus expression vector,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 86:2549-2553, 1989.Applicant
• Fussenegger et al., “Streptogramin-based gene regulation systems for mammalian cells,” Nat. Biotech., 18:1203-1208, 2000.Applicant
• Gatz et al., “Stringent repression and homogeneous de-repression by tetracycline of a modified CaMV 35S promoter in intact transgenic tobacco plants,” Plant J., 2:397-404, 1992.Applicant
• Ginsberg et al., “Up-regulation of MET but not neural cell adhesion molecule expression by the PAX3-FKHR fusion protein in alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma,” Cancer Res., 58:3542-3546, 1998.Applicant
• Gossen et al., “Transcriptional activation by tetracyclines in mammalian cells,” Science, 268:1766-1769, 1995.Applicant
• Gupta et al., “Mmip1: a novel leucine zipper protein that reverses the suppressive effects of Mad family members on c-myc,” Oncogene, 16:1149-1159, 1998.Applicant
• Hasuwa et al., “Small interfering RNA and gene silencing in transgenic mice and rats,” FEBS Letters, 532:227-230, 2002.Applicant
• Hennighausen et al., “Conditional gene expression insecretory tissues and skin of tetracycline responsive system,” J. Cell. Biochem., 59:463-472, 1995.Applicant
• Houdebine, “The methods to generate transgenic animals and to control transgene expression,” Journal of Biotechnology, 98:145-160, 2002.Applicant
• Hu and Davidson, “The inducible Iac operator-repressor system is functional in mammalian cells,” Cell, 48:555-566, 1987.Applicant
• Hu et al., “Inhibition of retroviral pathogenesis by RNA interference,” Current Biology, 12:1301-1311, 2002.Applicant
• Kawasaki and Taira, “Short hairpin type of dsRNAs that are controlled by tRNAval promoter significantly induce RNAi-mediated gene silencing in the cytoplasm of human cells,” Nucleic Acids Research, 31(2):700-707, 2003.Applicant
• Kelly et al., “RD114-Pseudotyped oncoretroviral vectors: Biological and physical properties,” Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 938:262-277, 2001.Applicant
• Khvorova et al., “Functional siRNAs and miRNAs exhibit strand bias,” Cell, 115:209-216, 2003.Applicant
• Kim et al., “Tetracycline repressor-regulated gene repression in recombinant human cytomegalovirus,” J. Virol., 69(4):2565-2573, 1995.Applicant
• Kotsopoulou et al., “A Rev-independent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1)-based vector that exploits a codon-optimized HIV-1 gag-pol gene,” J. Virol., 74:4839-4852, 2000.Applicant
• Kramer et al., “Artificial regulatory networks and cascades for discrete multilevel transgene control in mammalian cells,” Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 83(7):810-8820, 2003.Applicant
• Labow et al., “Conversion of the Iac repressor into an allosterically regulated transcriptional activator for mammalian cells,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 10:3343-3356, 1990.Applicant
• Laherty et al., “Histone deacetylases associated with the mSin3 corepressor mediate Mad transcriptional repression,” Cell, 89:349-356, 1997.Applicant
• Lam and Thummel, “Inducible expression of double-stranded RNA directs specific genetic interfeence in Drosophila,” Current Biology, 10:957-963, 2000.Applicant
• Larsson et al., “Analysis of the DNA-binding activities of Myc/Max/Mad network complexes during induced differentiation of U-937 monoblasts and F9 teratocarcinoma cells,” Oncogene, 15:737-748, 1997.Applicant
• Liu et al., “Suppression of growth and transformation and induction of apoptosis by EGR-1,” Cancer Gene Ther., 5:3-28, 1998.Applicant
• Lois et al., “Germline transmission and tissue-specific expression of transgenes delivered by lentiviral vectors,” Science, 295:868-872, 2002.Applicant
• Mallory et al., “A viral suppressor of RNA silencing differentially regulates the accumulation of short interfering RNAs and micro-RNAs in tobacco,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 99(23):15228-15233, 2002.Applicant
• Margolin et al., “Krüppel-associated boxes are potent transcriptional repression domains,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 91:4509-4513, 1994.Applicant
• Matsukura et al., “Establishment of conditional vectors for hairpin siRNA knockdowns,” Nucleic Acids Research, 31:e77, 2003.Applicant
• McManus and Sharp, “Gene silencing in mammals by small interfering RNA's,” Nature Reviews, 3:737-747, 2002.Applicant
• Mhashilkar et al., “Intrabody-mediated phenotypic knockout of major histocompatibility complex class I expression in human and monkey cell lines and in primary human keratinocytes,” Gene Ther., 9(5):307-319, 2002.Applicant
• Miyagishi and Taira, “U6 promoter-driven siRNAs with four uridine 3′ overhangs efficiently suppress targeted gene expression in mammalian cells,” Nature Biotechnology, 19:497-500, 2002.Applicant
• Moosmann et al., “Silencing of RNA Polymerases II and III-Dependent Transcription by the KRAB Protein Domain of KOX1 , A Krüppel-Type Zinc Finger Factor,” Biol. Chem., 378:669-677, 1997.Applicant
• Negre et al., “Characterization of novel safe lentiviral vectors derived from simian immunodeficiency virus (SIVmac251) that efficiently transduce mature human dendritic cells,” Gene Therapy, 7(19):1613-1623, 2000.Applicant
• Negre et al., “Lentiviral vectors derived from simian immunodeficiency virus,” Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology, 261:53-74, 2001.Applicant
• Ohkawa and Taira, “Control of the functional activity of an antisense RNA by a tetracycline-responsive derivative of the human U6 snRNA promoter,” Human Gene Therapy, 11:577-585, 2000.Applicant
• Oligino et al., “Drug inducible transgene expression in brain using a herpes simplex virus vector,” Gene Ther., 5:491-496, 1998.Applicant
• Paule and White, “Trancription by RNA polymerases I and III,” Nucleic Acids Research, 28:1283-1298, 2000.Applicant
• Pengue et al., “Repression of transcriptional activity at a distance by the evolutionary conserved KRAB domain present in a subfamily of zinc finger proteins,” Nucleic Acids Research, 22(15):2908-2914, 1994.Applicant
• Quéva et al., “Sequential expression of the MAD family of transcriptional repressors during differentiation and development,” Oncogene, 16:967-977, 1998.Applicant
• Ready et al., “Ricin-like plant toxins are evolutionarily related to single-chain ribosome-inhibiting proteins from Phytolacca,” J. Biol. Chem., 259(24):15252-15256, 1984.Applicant
• Rubinson et al., “A lentivirus-based system to functionally silence genes in primary mammalian cells, stem cells and transgenic mice by RNA interference,” Nat. Genet., 33:401-406, 2003.Applicant
• Ruzzi et al., “Positive regulation of the β-galactosidase gene from Kluyveromyces lactis is mediated by an upstream activation site that shows homology to the GAL upstream activation site of Saccharomyces cerevisiae,” Mol. Cell. Biol., 7(3):991-997, 1987.Applicant
• Salmon et al., “A chimeric galv-derived envelop glycoprotein harboring the cytoplasmic tail of MLV envelope efficiently pseudotypes HIV-1 vectors,” Journal of Gene Medicine, 2sup:23, 2000.Applicant
• Sandrin et al., “Letiviral vectors pseudotyped with a modified RD114 envelope glycoprotein show increased stability in sera and augmented transduction of primary lymphocytes and CD34+ cells derived from human and nonhuman primates,” Blood, 100(3):823-832, 2002.Applicant
• Schramm and Hernandez, “Recruitment of RNA polymerase III to its target promoters,” Gene & Dev., 16:2593-2620, 2002.Applicant
• Schwarz et al., “Asymmetry in the assembly of the RNAi enzyme complex,” Cell, 15:199-208, 2003.Applicant
• Scott et al., “Regulation of RNA Polymerase III Transcription during Cell Cycle Entry,” J. Biol. Chem., 276:1005-1014, 2001.Applicant
• Senatore et al., “A variety of RNA polymerases II and III-dependent promoter classes is repressed by factors containing the Krüppel-associated/finger preceding box of zinc finger proteins,” Gene, 234:381-394, 1999.Applicant
• Sgouras et al., “ERF: an ETS domain protein with strong transcriptional repressor activity, can suppress ets-associated tumorigenesis and is refulated by phosphorylation during cell cycle and mitogenic stimulation,” EMBO J., 14:4781-4793, 1995.Applicant
• Shi et al., “Genetic interference in Trypanosoma brucei by heritable and inducible double-stranded RNA,” Cambridge University Press, 6(7):1069-1076, 2000.Applicant
• Shinagawa and Ishii, “Generation of Ski-knockdown mice by expression a long double-strand RNA polymerase II promoter,” Genes Devel., 17:1340-1345, 2003.Applicant
• Sivam et al., “Immunotoxins to a human melanoma-associated antigen: comparison of gelonin with ricin and other a chain conjugates,” Cancer Res., 47:3169-3173, 1987.Applicant
• Sommer et al., “Identification and characterization of specific DNA-binding complexes containing members of the Myc/Max/Mad network of transcriptional regulators,” J. Biol. Chem., 273(12):6632-6642, 1998.Applicant
• Stirpe et al., “Gelonin, a new inhibitor of protein synthesis, nontoxic to intact cells: isolation, characterization, and preparation of cytotoxic complexes with concanavalin A,” J. Biol. Chem., 255(14):6947-6953, 1980.Applicant
• Stitz et al., “Lentiviral Vectors Pseudotyped with Envelope Glycoproteins Derived from Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus and Murine Leukemia Virus 10A1,” Virology Academic Press, 273(1):16-20, 2000.Applicant
• Sui et al., “A DNA vector-based RNAi technoloby to suppress gene expression in mammalian cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 99(8):5515-5520, 2002.Applicant
• Tiscornia et al., “A general method for gene knockdown in mice by using lentiviral vectors expressing small interfering RNA,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 100(4):1844-1848, 2003.Applicant
• Tuschl and Borkhardt, “Small Interfering RNAs: A Revolutionary Tool for the Analysis of Gene Function and Gene Therapy,” Molecular Interventions, 2:158-167, 2002.Applicant
• Weber et al., “Conditional human VEGF-mediated vascularization in chicken embryos using a novel temperature-inducible gene regulation (TIGR) system,” Nucleic Acids Research, 31(12):e69, 2003.Applicant
• Weber et al., “Macrolide-based transgene control in mammalian cells and mice,” Nat. Biotech., 20:901-907, 2002.Applicant
• Weber et al., “Streptomyces-derived quorum-sensing systems engineered for adjustable transgene expression in mammalian cells and mice,” Nucleic Acids Research, 31(14):e71, 2003.Applicant
• Wiels et al., “A monoclonal antibody directed against a burkitt's lymphoma-associated antigen and its use as carrier for toxins,” Laboratoire d'Immuno-biologie des Tumeurs, France, 457-464, 1985.Applicant
• Witzgall et al., “The Krüppel-associated box-A (KRAB-A) domain of zinc finger proteins mediates transcriptional repression,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 91:4514-4518, 1994.Applicant
• Wiznerowicz and Trono, “Conditional suppression of cellular genes: lentivirus vector-mediated drug-inducible RNA interference,” Journal of Virology, 77(16):8957-8961, 2003.Applicant
• Xia et al., “siRNA-mediated gene silencing in vitro and in vivo,” Nature Biotech., 20:1006-1010, 2002.Applicant
• Yan et al., “Tissue factor transcription driven by Egr-1 is a critical mechanism of murine pulmonary fibrin deposition in hypoxia,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 95:8298, 8303, 1998.Applicant
• Yu et al., “RNA interference by expression of short-interfering RNAs and hairpin RNAs in mammalian cells,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA, 99(9):6047-6052, 2002.Applicant
• Zhu et al., “Use of the Tetracycline-controlled Transcriptional Silencer (tTS) to Eliminate Transgene Leak in Inducible Overexpression Transgenic Mice,” J. Biol. Chem., 276:25222-25229, 2001.Applicant