Ink composition, ink cartridge, recording method, and recorded product

[0001] The entire disclosure of Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-133572, filed on May 12, 2006 and Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-309416, filed on Nov. 15, 2006, is expressly incorporated by reference herein.

[0002] 1. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention relates to an ink composition and a recording method and recorded article using the same, and more particularly, to an ink composition having little foaming and satisfactory defoaming properties, and therefore having superior reliability (such as clogging recoverability and discharge stability), while enabling attractive color development as well as having superior image durability (such as light resistance and moisture resistance) and being able to maintain printer performance for a long period of time, an ink jet recording method that uses an ink composition having these properties, and a recorded article that maintains a state of attractive color development obtained with that recording method for a long period of time.

[0004] 2. Related Art

[0005] The ink jet recording method is a printing method whereby printing is carried out by projecting droplets of ink and causing them to adhere to a recording medium such as paper. Improvement of printing quality and storage of printed articles has been proposed by using for the ink a colorant in the form of a pigment or dye as a composition used together with a surfactant and resin fine particles.

[0006] However, since the use of such a surfactant causes the ink to have high foaming and low defoaming properties due to the properties thereof, ink compositions containing a surfactant had the problem of lacking reliability in terms of discharge stability, clogging recoverability and the like (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2004-315739). Therefore, there has been a need for a technology that inhibits foaming and improves defoaming properties for ink compositions containing a surfactant.

[0007] On the other hand, studies have also been conducted on a diverse range of surfactants (such as betaine-based surfactants) and resin fine particles in response to a growing demand for higher printing quality and greater stability of printed articles being placed on ink jet printers in recent years (see Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 2005-187790).

[0008] With the foregoing in view, a first object of the present invention is to provide an ink composition having little foaming and satisfactory defoaming properties, and thus having superior reliability (such as clogging recoverability and discharge stability), while also enabling attractive color development, an ink jet recording method that uses an ink composition having such properties, and a recorded article having high image quality obtained with that recording method.

[0009] With the foregoing in view, a second object of the present invention is to provide an ink composition having little foaming and satisfactory defoaming properties, superior printing stability, and enabling high printing quality and recorded article storageability and/or an ink composition enabling high image durability and attractive color development, an ink jet recording method that uses an ink composition having such properties, and a recorded article having high image quality obtained with that recording method.

[0010] As a result of conducting extensive studies to solve the above-mentioned first object, the inventors of the present invention obtaining the finding that an ink composition at least containing a specific betaine-based surfactant and a specific glycol ether demonstrates the effects of dramatically improving foaming and defoaming properties. Next, as a result of conducting additional studies on the basis of this finding, the inventors of the present invention optimized the ratio at which the glycol ether is incorporated in the ink composition.

[0011] In addition, as a result of conducting extensive studies to solve the above-mentioned second object, the inventors of the present invention obtained the finding that an ink composition at least containing a specific magenta dye and a specific betaine-based surfactant has high image durability, and that by further containing a specific defoaming agent, demonstrates the effects of dramatically improving foaming and defoaming properties.

[0012] The present invention provides the following inventions based on these findings:

[0013] [1] The ink composition of the present invention comprises a betaine-based surfactant represented by the following general formula (1), a defoaming agent in the form of a glycol ether represented by the following general formula (2), and/or a glycol ether represented by the following general formula (3):
(R)_p—N—[L—(COOM)_q]_r  Formula (1)
(wherein, R represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group or heterocyclic group, L represents a divalent or more linking group, M represents a hydrogen atom, alkaline metal atom, ammonium group, protonated organic amino or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or quaternary ammonium ion group, or represents a group that does not exist as a cation in the case of being a counter ion of an ammonium ion formed by an N atom in formula (1), q represents an integer of 1 or more, r represents an integer of 1 to 4, p represents an integer of 0 to 4, p+r is 3 or 4, N is a nitrogen atom that composes a quaternary amine in the case p+r is 4, R may be the same or different when p is 2 or more, COOM may be the same or different when q is 2 or more, and L-(COOM)_q may be the same or different when r is 2 or more);

[0014]
(wherein, R represents an alkyl group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3);

[0015]
(wherein, R represents an alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3).
[2] The betaine-based surfactant represented by formula (1) is a compound represented by the following general formula (4):

[0016]
(wherein, R₁ to R₃ represent alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X represents a divalent linking group).
[3] The betaine-based surfactant represented by formula (4) is a compound represented by the following general formula (5).

[0017]
[4] The defoaming agent in the form of a glycol ether is one or more types selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether and tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether.
[5] The ratio of the content of the glycol ether to the content of the betaine-based surfactant is a weight ratio of 1.00:0.25 to 1:5.00.
[6] Moreover, the ink composition of the present invention comprises a magenta dye represented by the following general formula (6), a betaine-based surfactant represented by the following general formula (1), a glycol ether represented by the following general formula (2) and/or a glycol ether represented by the following general formula (3):

[0018]
(wherein, A represents a residue of a five-member heterocyclic diazo component A—NH₂, B¹ and B² respectively represent —CR¹═ or —CR²═ or one represents a nitrogen atom and the other represents —CR¹═ or —CR³═, R⁵ and R⁶ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, acyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group or sulfamoyl group, each group may further have a substituent, G, R¹ and R² respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group substituted with an alkyl group, aryl group or heterocyclic group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl and arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl and arylthio group, alkyl and arylsulfonyl group, alkyl and arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group, each group may be further substituted, and R¹ and R⁵ or R¹ and R³ may be bonded to form a five- to six-member ring);
(R)_p—N—[L—(COOM)_q]_r  Formula (1)
(wherein, R represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group or heterocyclic group, L represents a divalent or more linking group, M represents a hydrogen atom, alkaline metal atom, ammonium group, protonated organic amino or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or quaternary ammonium ion group, or represents a group that does not exist as a cation in the case of being a counter ion of an ammonium ion formed by an N atom in formula (1), q represents an integer of 1 or more, r represents an integer of 1 to 4, p represents an integer of 0 to 4, p+r is 3 or 4, N is a nitrogen atom that composes a quaternary amine in the case p+r is 4, R may be the same or different when p is 2 or more, COOM may be the same or different when q is 2 or more, and L-(COOM)_q may be the same or different when r is 2 or more);

[0019]
(wherein, R represents an alkyl group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3);

[0020]
(wherein, R represents an alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3).
[7] The glycol ether is one or more types selected from the group consisting of ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether and tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether.
[8] The content of the glycol ether is 0.25 to 5.00% by weight.
[9] The ratio of the content of the glycol ether to the content of the betaine-based surfactant is a weight ratio of 1.00:0.25 to 1:8.33.
[10] The magenta dye represented by the general formula (6) is a magenta dye represented by the following general formula (7):

[0021]
(wherein, R₁₁ and R₁₂ respectively and independently represent an alkyl group, alkoxy group or halogen atom, the total number of carbon atoms that compose the alkyl groups is 3 or more when R₁₁ and R₁₂ are both alkyl groups, these groups may be further substituted, R₁₃, R₁₄ and R₁₅ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, heterocyclic amino group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl or arylthio group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group, each group may be further substituted, R₁₁ and R₁₅ or R₁₂ and R₁₃ may be mutually condensed into a ring, X represents a hydrogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group or heterocyclic group, Y and Z respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, acyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group or sulfamoyl group, and each group may further have a substituent).
[11] The magenta dye represented by the general formula (6) is a magenta dye represented by the following general formula (8):

[0022]
(wherein, R₁ and R₂ respectively and independently represent an alkyl group, alkoxy group or halogen atom, the total number of carbon atoms that compose the alkyl groups is 3 or more when both R₁ and R₂ are alkyl groups, these groups may be further substituted, R₃, R₄ and R₅ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, heterocyclic amino group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl or arylthio group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group, each group may be further substituted, R₁ and R₅ or R₂ and R₃ may be mutually condensed into a ring, R₁₁ and R₁₂ respectively and independently represent an alkyl group, alkoxy group or halogen atom, the total number of carbon atoms that compose the alkyl groups is 3 or more when R₁₁ and R₁₂ are both alkyl groups, these may be further substituted, R₁₃, R₁₄ and R₁₅ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, heterocyclic amino group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl or arylthio group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group, each group may be further substituted, R₁₁ and R₁₅ or R₁₂ and R₁₃ may be mutually condensed into a ring, and M represents hydrogen, lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium or an organic amine).
[12] The magenta dye represented by the general formula (6) is a magenta dye represented by the following formula (9):

[0023]
[13] The content of the magenta dye is 0.50 to 5.00% by weight based on the total weight of the ink composition.
[14] The betaine-based surfactant represented by the general formula (1) is a compound represented by the following general formula (4):

[0024]
(wherein, R₁ to R₃ represent an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X represents a divalent linking group).
[15] The betaine-based surfactant represented by the general formula (1) is a compound represented by the following formula (5):

[0025]
[16] The ratio of the content of the betaine-based surfactant to the content of the magenta dye is a weight ratio of 1:1.2 to 1:0.2.
[17] The ink composition of the present invention is used in an ink jet recording method in which recording is carried out by discharging droplets of an ink composition and adhering the droplets to a recording medium.
[18] A recording method in which the ink jet recording method uses an ink jet head that forms ink droplets by mechanical deformation of a piezoelectric device.
[19] Moreover, the present invention is a ink jet cartridge filled with the above-mentioned ink composition.
[20] Moreover, the ink jet recording method of the present invention uses the above-mentioned ink composition for the ink composition or uses the above-mentioned ink cartridge.
[21] Moreover, a recorded article of the present invention is recorded according to the above-mentioned ink jet recording method.

[0026] The ink composition of the present invention is preferable as an ink for existing ink jet printers. In addition, since the ink composition has adequate foaming inhibitory effects and improves defoaming properties, it is able to provide superior reliability and high printed article quality and printed article storageability in a typical ink jet recording method.

[0027] In addition, since the ink composition of the present invention also has superior image durability (such as light resistance and moisture resistance), low foaming, superior defoaming properties and satisfactory printing stability, it can be preferably used as an ink for an ink jet printer. Consequently, the ink composition of the present invention is able to provide recorded articles of high image quality in a typical ink jet recording method.

[0028] The following provides an explanation of exemplary embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] [Betaine-Based Surfactant]

[0030] The betaine-based surfactant used in the ink composition of the present embodiment is a betaine-based surfactant represented by the following formula (1).
(R)_p—N—[L—(COOM)_q]_r  Formula (1)

[0031] In the above formula (1), R represents a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, aryl group or heterocyclic group. L represents a divalent or more linking group. M represents a hydrogen atom, alkaline metal atom, ammonium group, protonated organic amino or nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group or quaternary ammonium ion group, or represents a group that does not exist as a cation in the case of being a counter ion of an ammonium ion formed by an N atom in formula (1). q represents an integer of 1 or more, and r represents an integer of 1 to 4. p represents an integer of 0 to 4, and p+r is 3 or 4. N is a nitrogen atom that composes a quaternary amine in the case p+r is 4. R may be the same or different when p is 2 or more. COOM may be the same or different when q is 2 or more. L—(COOM)_q may be the same or different when r is 2 or more.

[0032] The betaine-based surfactant used in the ink composition of the present embodiment is preferably a betaine-based surfactant represented by the following general formula (4) from the viewpoint of improving fixation of the ink composition to a printed article, light resistance and ozone resistance. One type of compound represented by the following general formula (4) may be used alone or a plurality of types may be used as a mixture thereof.

[0033]

[0034] In the above formula, R₁ to R₃ represent an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and X represents a divalent linking group.

[0035] The betaine-based surfactant used in the ink composition of the present embodiment is more preferably a betaine-based surfactant represented by the following general formula (5) in terms of improving fixation of the ink composition to a printed article.

[0036]

[0037] The content of the betaine-based surfactant used in the ink composition of the present embodiment is preferably 0.6 to 1.0% by weight based on the total weight of the ink composition.

[0038] [Glycol Ethers]

[0039] The glycol ether used in the ink composition of the present embodiment is a glycol ether represented by the following general formula (2) and/or a glycol ether represented by the following general formula (3).

[0040]

[0041] In formula (2) above, R represents an alkyl group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.

[0042]

[0043] In formula (3) above, R represents an alkyl group having 4 to 6 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 1 to 3.

[0044] Examples of the glycol ethers represented by the formula (2) include ethylene glycol ethers in which one of the molecular terminals is a hydroxyl group such as ethylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-isopentyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-neopentyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-isohexyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-isopentyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-neopentyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-isohexyl ether, triethylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, triethylene glycol mono-isopentyl ether, triethylene glycol mono-neopentyl ether, triethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether or triethylene glycol mono-isohexyl ether. Only one type of these glycol ethers may be added or two or more types may be added as a mixture.

[0045] Examples of the glycol ether represented by the formula (3) include propylene glycol ethers in which one of the molecular terminals is a hydroxyl group such as propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-isobutyl ether, propylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, propylene glycol mono-isopentyl ether, propylene glycol mono-neopentyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, propylene glycol mono-isohexyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-isobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-iso-pentyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-neopentyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-isohexyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-isobutyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-isopentyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-neopentyl ether, tripropylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether or tripropylene glycol mono-isohexyl ether. Only one type of these glycol ethers may be added or two or more types may be added as a mixture.

[0046] Among these glycol ethers represented by the general formulas (2) and (3), ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether and tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether are preferable in consideration of use as a defoaming agent in an aqueous medium in the form of the ink composition.

[0047] If the incorporated amount of the glycol ether is excessively low, adequate foaming inhibitory effects and improved defoaming properties are unable to be obtained, while if the incorporated amount is excessively high, printing stability (such as dispersion stability of the ink droplets) is impaired. Consequently, in the present embodiment, the glycol ether is preferably contained in the ink composition within the range of 0.25 to 5.0% by weight.

[0048] By incorporating the betaine-based surfactant and glycol ether at a weight ratio of 1:0.25 to 1:5.00, an ink composition can be obtained having satisfactory balance in terms of allowing the obtaining of adequate foaming inhibitory effects and improvement of defoaming properties and superior printing stability for the entire ink composition regardless of the type of colorant. In the case of an ink composition using a magenta dye represented by general formula (6) for the colorant as will be described later, by incorporating the betaine-based surfactant and glycol ether at a weight ratio of 1:0.25 to 1:8.33, an ink composition can be obtained having satisfactory balance in terms of allowing the obtaining of adequate foaming inhibitory effects and improvement of defoaming properties and superior printing stability.

[0049] [Colorant]

[0050] A water-soluble dye or pigment can be used for the colorant in the present invention provided it can be used in an ordinary ink jet recording method.

[0051] There are no particular limitations on the type of dye, and acidic dyes, direct dyes, reactive dyes or basic dyes can be used, examples of which include C.I. Acid Yellow 17, 23, 42, 44, 79 or 142, C.I. Acid Red 52, 80, 82, 249, 254 or 289, C.I. Acid Blue 9, 45 or 249, C.I. Acid Black 1, 2, 24 or 94, C.I. Food Black 1 or 2, C.I. Direct Yellow 1, 12, 24, 33, 50, 55, 58, 86, 132, 142, 144 or 173, C.I. Direct Red 1, 4, 9, 80, 81, 225 or 227, C.I. Direct Blue 1, 2, 15, 71, 86, 87, 98, 165, 199 or 202, C.I. Direct Black 19, 38, 51, 71, 154, 168, 171 or 195, C.I. Reactive Red 14, 32, 55, 79 or 249, and C.I. Reactive Black 3, 4 or 35.

[0052] A magenta dye represented by the following general formula (6) can be preferably used for the colorant.

[0053]

[0054] In the above formula, A represents a residue of a five-member heterocyclic diazo component A—NH₂. B¹ and B² respectively represent —CR¹═ or —CR²═ or one represents a nitrogen atom and the other represents —CR¹═ or —CR³═. R⁵ and R⁶ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, acyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group or sulfamoyl group. Each group may further have a substituent. G, R¹ and R² respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, amino group substituted with an alkyl group, aryl group or heterocyclic group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl and arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl and arylthio group, alkyl and arylsulfonyl group, alkyl and arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group. Each group may be further substituted. In addition, R¹ and R⁵ or R¹ and R³ may be bonded to form a five- to six-member ring.

[0055] The magenta dye represented by the general formula (6) is preferably a magenta dye represented by the following general formula (7) from the viewpoint of light resistance and ozone resistance.

[0056]

[0057] In the above formula, R₁₁ and R₁₂ respectively and independently represent an alkyl group, alkoxy group or halogen atom, the total number of carbon atoms that compose the alkyl groups is 3 or more when R₁₁ and R₁₂ are both alkyl groups, and these groups may be further substituted. R₁₃, R₁₄ and R₁₅ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, heterocyclic amino group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl or arylthio group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group. Each group may be further substituted. In addition, R₁₁ and R₁₅ or R₁₂ and R₁₃ may be mutually condensed into a ring. X represents a hydrogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group or heterocyclic group, and Y and Z respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, acyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, carbamoyl group, alkylsulfonyl group, arylsulfonyl group or sulfamoyl group. Each group may further have a substituent.

[0058] In addition, the magenta dye represented by the general formula (6) is more preferably a magenta dye represented by the following general formula (8) from the viewpoint of light resistance and ozone resistance.

[0059]

[0060] In the above formula, R₁ and R₂ respectively and independently represent an alkyl group, alkoxy group or halogen atom, the total number of carbon atoms that compose the alkyl groups is 3 or more when both R₁ and R₂ are alkyl groups, and these groups may be further substituted. R₃, R₄ and R₅ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, heterocyclic amino group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl or arylthio group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group. Each group may be further substituted. In addition, R₁ and R₅ or R₂ and R₃ may be mutually condensed into a ring. R₁₁ and R₁₂ respectively and independently represent an alkyl group, alkoxy group or halogen atom, the total number of carbon atoms that compose the alkyl groups is 3 or more when R₁₁ and R₁₂ are both alkyl groups, and these may be further substituted. R₁₃, R₁₄ and R₁₅ respectively and independently represent a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic group, aromatic group, heterocyclic group, cyano group, carboxyl group, carbamoyl group, alkoxycarbonyl group, aryloxycarbonyl group, acyl group, hydroxy group, alkoxy group, aryloxy group, silyloxy group, acyloxy group, carbamoyloxy group, heterocyclic oxy group, alkoxycarbonyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyloxy group, alkylamino group, arylamino group, heterocyclic amino group, acylamino group, ureido group, sulfamoylamino group, alkoxycarbonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, alkyl or arylsulfonylamino group, aryloxycarbonylamino group, nitro group, alkyl or arylthio group, alkyl or arylsulfonyl group, alkyl or arylsulfinyl group, sulfamoyl group, sulfo group or heterocyclic thio group. Each group may be further substituted. In addition, R₁₁ and R₁₅ or R₁₂ and R₁₃ may be mutually condensed into a ring. M represents hydrogen, lithium, sodium, potassium, ammonium or an organic amine.

[0061] In addition, the magenta dye represented by the general formula (6) is more preferably a magenta dye represented by the following formula (9) from the viewpoint of obtaining adequate color density and maintaining clogging recoverability.

[0062]

[0063] The content of the magenta dye is preferably 0.50 to 5.00% by weight based on the total weight of the ink composition from the viewpoint of obtaining adequate color density and maintaining clogging reliability. In addition, by incorporating the magenta dye and the betaine-based surfactant at a weight ratio of 1:1.2 to 1:0.2, an ink composition can be obtained having satisfactory balance in terms of having superior image durability (such as light resistance and moisture resistance) and adequate clogging recoverability.

[0064] If the static surface tension of the ink composition in the present embodiment is excessively low, a stable discharge volume and projection form may not be obtained, while if the static surface tension is excessively high, generated bubbles may be difficult to dissipate. Thus, the static surface tension is preferably within the range of 20 to 40 mN/m, and more preferably within the range of 26 to 34 mN/m. Furthermore, static surface tension in the present invention refers to the value measured using a commercially available Wilhelmi surface tensiometer according to a method complying with JIS K 3362.

[0065] Moreover, since discharge stability decreases if the viscosity of the ink composition in the present embodiment at 20° C. is excessively low or excessively high, it is preferably within the range of 2 to 10 mPa·s, and more preferably within the range of 3.5 to 4.5 mPa·s. Furthermore, this viscosity can be measured with a commercially available viscometer and the like.

[0066] [Other Ink Components]

[0067] Moreover, in the present embodiment, a nonionic surfactant, anionic surfactant and cationic surfactant may be contained in addition to the betaine-based surfactant described above, and a nonionic surfactant is particularly preferably contained from the viewpoint of obtaining an ink composition having suitable static surface tension.

[0068] More specific examples of nonionic surfactants include acetylene glycol-based surfactants, acetylene alcohol-based surfactants, ether-based surfactants such as polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene decyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl allyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl ether or polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleic acid, ester-based surfactants such as polyoxyethylene oleic acid, polyoxyethylene oleic acid ester, polyoxyethylene distearic acid ester, sorbitan laurate, sorbitan monostearate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan sesquioleate, polyoxyethylene monooleate or polyoxyethylene stearate, silicon-based surfactants such as dimethylpolysiloxane, and fluorine-containing surfactants such as fluoroalkylesters and perfluoroalkyl carboxylates.

[0069] Furthermore, these nonionic surfactants are preferably contained at 0.1 to 5% by weight in the ink composition from the viewpoint of obtaining an ink composition having suitable static surface tension.

[0070] In addition, among the above-mentioned nonionic surfactants, acetylene alcohol-based surfactants are particularly preferable since they exhibit little foaming and have superior defoaming performance.

[0071] Although more specific examples of acetylene alcohol-based surfactants include 2,4,7,9-tetramethyl-5-decene-4,7-diol, 3,6-dimethyl-4-octene-3,6-diol and 3,5-dimethyl-1-hexene-3-ol, these surfactants can be also be acquired in the form of commercially available products, examples of which include Saffinol 104, 82, 465, 485 or TG manufactured by Air Products Japan Inc. and Olfine STG or Olfine E1010 manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.

[0072] Moreover, the ink composition of the present embodiment may also contain a permeation promoter. There are no particular limitations on the permeation promoter used in the ink composition of the present embodiment, and glycol ethers are particularly preferable.

[0073] Specific examples of glycol ethers include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, diethylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether, diethylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether, 1-methyl-1-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol monoisobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether and dipropylene glycol monoisopropyl ether, and one type of these glycol ethers may be used or two or more types may be used as a mixture.

[0074] Furthermore, these permeation promoters are preferably added in amount within the range of 0.25 to 10% by weight to the ink composition from the viewpoint of securing proper physical property values (such as viscosity) of the ink composition and securing printing quality and reliability.

[0075] A pH adjuster, antioxidant, ultraviolet absorber, antiseptic/antimold agent and the like can be added to the ink composition of the present embodiment as described above as necessary.

[0076] Examples of pH adjusters that can be used include alkaline metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or sodium hydroxide, and amines such as ammonia, triethanolamine, tripropanolamine, diethanolamine or monoethanolamine. In addition, collidine, imidazole, phosphoric acid, 3-(N-morpholino)propane sulfonic acid, tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane or boric acid and the like can be used as a pH buffer as necessary.

[0077] Examples of antioxidants and ultraviolet absorbers used include alohanates such as alohanate or methyl alohanate, biurets such as biuret, dimethyl biuret or tetramethyl biuret and L-ascorbic acid and salts thereof, as well as Tinuvin 328, 900, 1130, 384, 292, 123, 144, 622, 770 or 292, Irgacor 252 or 153, or Irganox 1010, 1076, 1035 or MD1024 all manufactured by Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd., and lanthanide oxides.

[0078] Examples of antiseptics and antimold agents include sodium benzoate, sodium pentachlorophenol, sodium 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide, sodium sorbate, sodium dehydroacetate and 1,2-dibenzisothiazolin-3-one (Proxel CRL, Proxel BDN, Proxel GXL, Proxel XL-2 or Proxel TN available from Avecia Biologics Ltd.).

[0079] In addition, the main solvent contained in the ink composition of the present embodiment is water. Pure water or ultra-pure water and the like such as ion exchange water, ultrafiltration water, reverse osmosis water or distilled water can be used for this water. The use of water that has been sterilized by ultraviolet irradiation or addition of hydrogen peroxide and the like is particularly preferable in terms of allowing the ink composition to be stored for a long period of time by preventing growth of mold and bacteria.

[0080] [Ink Jet Recording Method]

[0081] Although the ink composition of the present embodiment can be preferably used in a writing instrument such as a pen or in a stamp and the like, it can be used more preferably in an ink jet recording method in which droplets of the ink composition are discharged and the droplets are adhered to a recording medium. Here, an “ink jet recording method” refers to a method in which an ink composition is discharged from a fine nozzle in the form of liquid droplets and the droplets are adhered to a recording medium, specific examples of which are described below.

[0082] A first example of an ink jet recording method is an electrostatic attraction method. In this method, a strong electric field is applied between a nozzle and acceleration electrodes placed in front of the nozzle, ink in the form of droplets is sprayed continuously from the nozzle, and a printing information signal is applied to deflection electrodes and recorded during the time the ink droplets are projected between the deflection electrodes, or the ink droplets may be sprayed corresponding to the printing information signal without being deflected.

[0083] A second example involves applying pressure to an ink with a small pump and forcibly spraying ink droplets by mechanically oscillating the nozzle with a crystal unit and the like. The sprayed ink droplets are charged simultaneous to being sprayed, and a printing information signal is applied to deflection electrodes and recorded during the time the ink droplets are projected between the deflection electrodes.

[0084] A third example is a method that uses a piezoelectric device (piezo device). Recording is carried out by applying pressure to the ink droplets with a piezoelectric device simultaneous to the application of a printing information signal followed by spraying the ink droplets.

[0085] A fourth example is a method in which ink droplets are made to rapidly swell in volume due to the action of thermal energy. Recording is carried out by heating and foaming the ink with microelectrodes according to a printing information signal followed by spraying the ink droplets.

[0086] Any of these methods can be used for the ink jet recording method that uses the ink of the present embodiment, and the ink can be filled into each type of ink jet cartridge.

[0087] In addition, examples of a “recording medium” in the present embodiment include, but are not particularly limited to, paper (such as Xerox P (trade name: Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd.), Xerox 4024 (trade name: Xerox Co. (USA)) or Crispia Photographic Paper <High Gloss> (trade name: Seiko Epson Corp.)).

[0088] [Recorded Article]

[0089] A recorded article of the present embodiment is that on which recording has been carried out by the ink jet recording method described above using the previously described ink composition. Since this recorded article is obtained by the above-mentioned ink jet recording method using the previously described ink composition, it has satisfactory printing quality, demonstrates superior printing stability, demonstrates attractive color development and is able to maintain the attractive color development over a long period of time.

[0090] The ink compositions of Examples 1 to 32 and Comparative Examples 1 to 32 were prepared by mixing and dissolving each component at the formulation ratios shown in Tables 1 to 4 followed by subjecting to pressure filtration with a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) filter having a pore diameter of 1 μm.

[0091] Furthermore, each component of the ink compositions shown in Tables 1 to 4 is indicated as the percent by weight of each component based on the total weight of the ink composition, and the balance of each composition is comprised of water.

[0092] In Tables 1 to 4, [1] represents C.I. Acid Red 52, [2] a betaine-based surfactant represented by formula (4), [3] an acetylene glycol-based surfactant manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., [4] an antiseptic/antimold agent manufactured by Arch Chemicals Japan Co., Ltd., [5] disodium dihydrogen ethylenediamine tetraacetate, [6] dipropylene glycol mono-n-ethyl ether, [7] dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, [8] propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [9] dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [10] tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [11] propylene glycol monomethyl ether, [12] dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, [13] dipropylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, [14] propylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, [15] propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, [16] ethylene glycol, [17] diethylene glycol, [18] triethylene glycol, [19] propylene glycol, [20] ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, [21] diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, [22] diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, [23] diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, [24] ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [25] diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [26] diethylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, [27] ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, [28] diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether and [29] ethylene glycol monooctyl ether.

[0093]

TABLE 1
	Ex. 1	Ex. 2	Ex. 3	Ex. 4	Ex. 5	Ex. 6	Ex. 7	Ex. 8
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Triethanol	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
amine
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE
[6]
DPGmPrE
[7]
PGmBE	0.25
[8]
DPGmBE		0.25
[9]
TPGmBE			0.25
[10]
PGmME
[11]
DPGmME
[12]
DPGmPE				0.25
[13]
PGmHE					0.25
[14]
PGmPrE
[15]
EG [16]
DEG [17]
TEG [18]
PG [19]
EGmME
[20]
DEGmME
[21]
DEGmEE
[22]
DEGmPrE
[23]
EGmBE
[24]
DEGmBE
[25]
DEGmPE						0.25
[26]
EGmHE							0.25
[27]
DEGmHE								0.25
[28]
EGmOE
[29]
Water	68.02	68.02	68.02	68.02	68.02	68.02	68.02	68.02
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Ex. 9	Ex. 10	Ex. 11	Ex. 12	Ex. 13	Ex. 14	Ex. 15	Ex. 16
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Triethanol	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
amine
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE
[6]
DPGmPrE
[7]
PGmBE	5.00
[8]
DPGmBE		5.00
[9]
TPGmBE			5.00
[10]
PGmME
[11]
DPGmME
[12]
DPGmPE				5.00
[13]
PGmHE					5.00
[14]
PGmPrE
[15]
EG [16]
DEG [17]
TEG [18]
PG [19]
EGmME
[20]
DEGmME
[21]
DEGmEE
[22]
DEGmPrE
[23]
EGmBE
[24]
DEGmBE
[25]
DEGmPE						5.00
[26]
EGmHE							5.00
[27]
DEGmHE								5.00
[28]
EGmOE
[29]
Water	63.27	63.27	63.27	63.27	63.27	63.27	63.27	63.27
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0094]

TABLE 2
	Ex. 17	Ex. 18	Ex. 19	Ex. 20	Ex. 21	Ex. 22	Ex. 23	Ex. 24
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE
[6]
DPGmPrE
[7]
PGmBE	0.25
[8]
DPGmBE		0.25
[9]
TPGmBE			0.25
[10]
PGmME
[11]
DPGmME
[12]
DPGmPE				0.25
[13]
PGmHE					0.25
[14]
PGmPrE
[15]
EG [16]
DEG [17]
TEG [18]
PG [19]
EGmME
[20]
DEGmME
[21]
DEGmEE
[22]
DEGmPrE
[23]
EGmBE
[24]
DEGmBE
[25]
DEGmPE						0.25
[26]
EGmHE							0.25
[27]
DEGmHE								0.25
[28]
EGmOE
[29]
Water	68.42	68.42	68.42	68.42	68.42	68.42	68.42	68.42
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Ex. 25	Ex. 26	Ex. 27	Ex. 28	Ex. 29	Ex. 30	Ex. 31	Ex. 32
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE
[6]
DPGmPrE
[7]
PGmBE	5.00
[8]
DPGmBE		5.00
[9]
TPGmBE			5.00
[10]
PGmME
[11]
DPGmME
[12]
DPGmPE				5.00
[13]
PGmHE					5.00
[14]
PGmPrE
[15]
EG [16]
DEG [17]
TEG [18]
PG [19]
EGmME
[20]
DEGmME
[21]
DEGmEE
[22]
DEGmPrE
[23]
EGmBE
[24]
DEGmBE
[25]
DEGmPE						5.00
[26]
EGmHE							5.00
[27]
DEGmHE								5.00
[28]
EGmOE
[29]
Water	63.67	63.67	63.67	63.67	63.67	63.67	63.67	63.67
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0095]

TABLE 3
	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.
	Ex. 1	Ex. 2	Ex. 3	Ex. 4	Ex. 5	Ex. 6	Ex. 7	Ex. 8
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Triethanolamine	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE	1.00
[6]
DPGmPrE		1.00
[7]
PGmBE
[8]
DPGmBE
[9]
TPGmBE
[10]
PGmME			1.00
[11]
DPGmME				1.00
[12]
DPGmPE
[13]
PGmHE
[14]
PGmPrE					1.00
[15]
EG [16]						1.00
DEG [17]							1.00
TEG [18]								1.00
PG [19]
EGmME
[20]
DEGmME
[21]
DEGmEE
[22]
DEGmPrE
[23]
EGmBE
[24]
DEGmBE
[25]
DEGmPE
[26]
EGmHE
[27]
DEGmHE
[28]
EGmOE
[29]
Water	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.
	Ex. 9	Ex. 10	Ex. 11	Ex. 12	Ex. 13	Ex. 14	Ex. 15	Ex. 16
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Triethanolamine
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE
[6]
DPGmPrE
[7]
PGmBE
[8]
DPGmBE
[9]
TPGmBE
[10]
PGmME
[11]
DPGmME
[12]
DPGmPE
[13]
PGmHE
[14]
PGmPrE
[15]
EG [16]
DEG [17]
TEG [18]
PG [19]	1.00
EGmME		1.00
[20]
DEGmME			1.00
[21]
DEGmEE				1.00
[22]
DEGmPrE					1.00
[23]
EGmBE						1.00
[24]
DEGmBE							1.00
[25]
DEGmPE
[26]
EGmHE
[27]
DEGmHE
[28]
EGmOE								1.00
[29]
Water	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0096]

TABLE 4
	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.
	Ex. 17	Ex. 18	Ex. 19	Ex. 20	Ex. 21	Ex. 22	Ex. 23	Ex. 24
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE	1.00
[6]
DPGmPrE		1.00
[7]
PGmBE
[8]
DPGmBE
[9]
TPGmBE
[10]
PGmME			1.00
[11]
DPGmME				1.00
[12]
DPGmPE
[13]
PGmHE
[14]
PGmPrE					1.00
[15]
EG [16]						1.00
DEG [17]							1.00
TEG [18]								1.00
PG [19]
EGmME
[20]
DEGmME
[21]
DEGmEE
[22]
DEGmPrE
[23]
EGmBE
[24]
DEGmBE
[25]
DEGmPE
[26]
EGmHE
[27]
DEGmHE
[28]
EGmOE
[29]
Water	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27	67.27
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.	Comp.
	Ex. 25	Ex. 26	Ex. 27	Ex. 28	Ex. 29	Ex. 30	Ex. 31	Ex. 32
Dye 1 [1]	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00	2.00
Betaine-based	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
surfactant
[2]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Triethylene	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
glycol
monobutyl
ether
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010 [3]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[3]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [4]
EDTA [5]	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
DPGmEE
[6]
DPGmPrE
[7]
PGmBE
[8]
DPGmBE
[9]
TPGmBE
[10]
PGmME
[11]
DPGmME
[12]
DPGmPE
[13]
PGmHE
[14]
PGmPrE
[15]
EG [16]
DEG [17]
TEG [18]
PG [19]	1.00
EGmME		1.00
[20]
DEGmME			1.00
[21]
DEGmEE				1.00
[22]
DEGmPrE					1.00
[23]
EGmBE						1.00
[24]
DEGmBE							1.00
[25]
DEGmPE
[26]
EGmHE
[27]
DEGmHE
[28]
EGmOE								1.00
[29]
Water	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67	67.67
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0097] Bubbling (foaming) and debubbling (defoaming) were evaluated by observing visually and observing changes in bubble height over time. More specifically, 10 g of the ink formulations of each of the examples and comparative examples were sealed in a cylindrical glass container having a diameter of 2 cm and height of 10 cm and mixed by shaking 50 times followed by evaluating foaming by measuring the height (H) from the interface between the bubbles and liquid to the maximum height of the bubbles, and evaluating defoaming based on the time until the height (H) from the interface between the bubbles and the liquid to the maximum height of the bubbles reached 0.5 H. (The experiment was carried out at an atmospheric temperature of 23 to 24° C.)

[0098] The results obtained are shown in Tables 5 to 8.

[0099]

TABLE 5
Composition	Examples
No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Foaming [1]	5	3	5	5	6	6	3	5	5	3	5	4	5	5	5	6
(cm)
Defoaming [2]	5	4	4	9	8	9	5	4	2	2	3	9	8	9	2	3
(min.)

Experiment Conditions

[0100] 10 g of sample ink were sealed in a cylindrical glass container having a diameter of 2 cm and height of 10 cm and mixed by shaking manually.

• • [0101] The experiment was carried out at a room temperature of 20 to 25° C.
• [0102] [1] Result of measuring the height of bubbles formed immediately after manual shaking in cm units.
• [0103] [2] Result of measuring amount of time required for the number of bubbles formed to decrease by half in minute units.

[0104]

TABLE 6
Composition	Examples
No.	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32
Foaming [1]	6	3	4	4	5	6	3	5	4	3	5	5	4	5	5	6
(cm)
Defoaming [2]	6	5	4	9	8	8	5	5	2	3	3	9	9	8	2	3
(min.)

Experiment Conditions

• • [0105] 10 g of sample ink were sealed in a cylindrical glass container having a diameter of 2 cm and height of 10 cm and mixed by shaking manually.
  • [0106] The experiment was carried out at a room temperature of 20 to 25° C.
• [0107] [1] Result of measuring the height of bubbles formed immediately after manual shaking in cm units.
• [0108] [2] Result of measuring amount of time required for the number of bubbles formed to decrease by half in minute units.

[0109]

	TABLE 7
	Comparative Examples
Composition No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Foaming [1]	8	8	8	9	8	9	8	8	9	8	9	8	8	9	9	9
(cm)
Defoaming [2]	25	26	25	24	25	25	26	26	26	27	25	26	25	24	26	24
(min.)

Experiment Conditions

• • [0110] 10 g of sample ink were sealed in a cylindrical glass container having a diameter of 2 cm and height of 10 cm and mixed by shaking manually.
  • [0111] The experiment was carried out at a room temperature of 20 to 25° C.
• [0112] [1] Result of measuring the height of bubbles formed immediately after manual shaking in cm units.
• [0113] [2] Result of measuring amount of time required for the number of bubbles formed to decrease by half in minute units.

[0114]

	TABLE 8
	Comparative Examples
Composition No.	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32
Foaming [1]	9	8	9	9	9	8	9	9	9	9	9	8	9	8	9	8
(cm)
Defoaming [2]	25	25	26	26	27	26	26	27	26	26	25	23	26	23	24	22
(min.)

Experiment Conditions

• • [0115] 10 g of sample ink were sealed in a cylindrical glass container having a diameter of 2 cm and height of 10 cm and mixed by shaking manually.
  • [0116] The experiment was carried out at a room temperature of 20 to 25° C.
• [0117] [1] Result of measuring the height of bubbles formed immediately after manual shaking in cm units.
• [0118] [2] Result of measuring amount of time required for the number of bubbles formed to decrease by half in minute units.

[0119] As a result of filling the ink compositions described in the above-mentioned examples into special-purpose cartridges and printing onto a dedicated ink jet recording medium (Crispia Photographic Paper <High Gloss> (Seiko Epson Corp.)) using the PM-A700 Ink Jet Printer (Seiko Epson Corp.), printing was able to be carried out satisfactorily.

[0120] Each ink composition (Examples 1 to 32 and Comparative Examples 1 to 66) was prepared by mixing and dissolving each component at the formulation ratios shown in Tables 9 to 14 followed by subjecting to pressure filtration with a PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) filter having a pore diameter of 1 μm.

[0121] Furthermore, each component of the ink compositions shown in Tables 9 to 14 is indicated as the percent by weight of each component based on the total weight of the ink composition, and the balance of each composition is comprised of water.

[0122] In Tables 9 to 14, [1] represents a magenta dye represented by formula (7), [2] a magenta dye represented by the following formula (10), [3] a betaine-based surfactant represented by formula (4), [4] an acetylenediol-based surfactant manufactured by Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd., [5] an antiseptic/antimold agent manufactured by Arch Chemicals Japan Co., Ltd., [6] disodium dihydrogen ethylenediamine tetraacetate dehydrate, [7] dipropylene glycol mono-n-ethyl ether, [8] dipropylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, [9] propylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [10] dipropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [11] tripropylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [12] propylene glycol monomethyl ether, [13] dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, [14] dipropylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, [15] propylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, [16] propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, [17] ethylene glycol, [18] diethylene glycol, [19] triethylene glycol, [20] propylene glycol, [21] ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, [22] diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, [23] diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, [24] diethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, [25] ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [26] diethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, [27] diethylene glycol mono-n-pentyl ether, [28] ethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, [29] diethylene glycol mono-n-hexyl ether, [30] ethylene glycol monooctyl ether and [31] triethylene glycol monobutyl ether.

[0123]

[0124]

	TABLE 9
	Examples
Material	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Magenta	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Triethanolamine	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG
[7]
PrDFG
[8]
BFG [9]	0.25
BFDG		0.25
[10]
BFTG			0.25
[11]
MFG
[12]
MFDG
[13]
PeDFG				0.25
[14]
HeFG					0.25
[15]
PFP
[16]
EG [17]
DEG
[18]
TEG
[19]
PG [20]
MG [21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG [25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG						0.25
[27]
HG [28]							0.25
HDG								0.25
[29]
OcG
[30]
Water	65.02	65.02	65.02	65.02	65.02	65.02	65.02	65.02
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Examples
Material	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Magenta	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Triethanolamine	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG
[7]
PrDFG
[8]
BFG [9]	5.00
BFDG		5.00
[10]
BFTG			5.00
[11]
MFG
[12]
MFDG
[13]
PeDFG				5.00
[14]
HeFG					5.00
[15]
PFP
[16]
EG [17]
DEG
[18]
TEG
[19]
PG [20]
MG [21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG [25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG [28]						5.00
HDG							5.00
[29]
OcG								5.00
[30]
Water	60.27	60.27	60.27	60.27	60.27	60.27	60.27	60.27
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0125]

	TABLE 10
	Comparative Examples
Material	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8
Magenta	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Triethanolamine	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG	1.00
[7]
PrDFG		1.00
[8]
BFG [9]
BFDG
[10]
BFTG
[11]
MFG			1.00
[12]
MFDG				1.00
[13]
PeDFG
[14]
HeFG
[15]
PFP					1.00
[16]
EG [17]						1.00
DEG							1.00
[18]
TEG								1.00
[19]
PG [20]
MG [21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG [25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG [28]
HDG
[29]
OcG
[30]
Water	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Comparative Examples
Material	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Magenta	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Triethanolamine	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2 [5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG
[7]
PrDFG
[8]
BFG [9]
BFDG
[10]
BFTG
[11]
MFG
[12]
MFDG
[13]
PeDFG
[14]
HeFG
[15]
PFP
[16]
EG [17]
DEG
[18]
TEG
[19]
PG [20]	1.00
MG [21]		1.00
MDG			1.00
[22]
EDG				1.00
[23]
PrDG					1.00
[24]
BG [25]						1.00
BDG							1.00
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG [28]
HDG
[29]
OcG								1.00
[30]
Water	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0126]

	TABLE 11
	Comparative Examples
Material	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25
Magenta	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye
2 [2]
Betaine-	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Triethanolamine	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2
[5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG	1.00
[7]
PrDFG		1.00
[8]
BFG
[9]
BFDG
[10]
BFTG
[11]
MFG			1.00
[12]
MFDG				1.00
[13]
PeDFG
[14]
HeFG
[15]
PFP					1.00
[16]
EG						1.00
[17]
DEG							1.00
[18]
TEG								1.00
[19]
PG									1.00
[20]
MG
[21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG
[25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG
[28]
HDG
[29]
OcG
[30]
Water	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Comparative Examples
	Material	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33
	Magenta	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
	dye
	[1]
	Magenta
	dye
	2 [2]
	Betaine-	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00	1.00
	based
	surfactant
	[3]
	TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
	[31]
	Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
	2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
	Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
	E1010
	[4]
	Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
	PD002W
	[4]
	Triethanolamine	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40	0.40
	Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
	Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
	Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
	XL-2
	[5]
	EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
	[6]
	EDFG
	[7]
	PrDFG
	[8]
	BFG
	[9]
	BFDG
	[10]
	BFTG
	[11]
	MFG
	[12]
	MFDG
	[13]
	PeDFG
	[14]
	HeFG
	[15]
	PFP
	[16]
	EG
	[17]
	DEG
	[18]
	TEG
	[19]
	PG
	[20]
	MG	1.00
	[21]
	MDG		1.00
	[22]
	EDG			1.00
	[23]
	PrDG				1.00
	[24]
	BG					1.00
	[25]
	BDG						1.00
	[26]
	PeDG
	[27]
	HG
	[28]
	HDG
	[29]
	OcG							1.00
	[30]
	Water	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	64.27	65.27
	Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0127]

	TABLE 12
	Examples
Material	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24
Magenta	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2
[5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG
[7]
PrDFG
[8]
BFG	0.25
[9]
BFDG		0.25
[10]
BFTG			0.25
[11]
MFG
[12]
MFD
G[13]
PeDF				0.25
G[14]
HeFG					0.25
[15]
PFP
[16]
EG
[17]
DEG
[18]
TEG
[19]
PG
[20]
MG
[21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG
[25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG						0
[27]
HG							0
[28]
HDG								0
[29]
OcG
[30]
Water	70.32	70.32	70.32	70.32	70.32	70.32	70.32	70.32
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Examples
Material	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32
Magenta	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2
[5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG
[7]
PrDFG
[8]
BFG	5.00
[9]
BFDG		5.00
[10]
BFTG			5.00
[11]
MFG
[12]
MFD
G[13]
PeDF				5.00
G[14]
HeFG					5.00
[15]
PFP
[16]
EG
[17]
DEG
[18]
TEG
[19]
PG
[20]
MG
[21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG
[25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG						5.00
[28]
HDG							5.00
[29]
OcG								5.00
[30]
Water	65.57	65.57	65.57	65.57	65.57	65.57	65.57	65.57
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0128]

	TABLE 13
	Comparative Examples
Material	34	35	36	37	38	39	40	41
Magenta	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2
[5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG	1.00
[7]
PrDFG		1.00
[8]
BFG
[9]
BFDG
[10]
BFTG
[11]
MFG			1.00
[12]
MFDG				1.00
[13]
PeDFG
[14]
HeFG
[15]
PFP					1.00
[16]
EG						1.00
[17]
DEG							1.00
[18]
TEG								1.00
[19]
PG
[20]
MG
[21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG
[25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG
[28]
HDG
[29]
OcG
[30]
Water	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Comparative Examples
Material	42	43	44	45	46	47	48	49
Magenta	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
dye
[1]
Magenta
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2
[5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG
[7]
PrDFG
[8]
BFG
[9]
BFDG
[10]
BFTG
[11]
MFG
[12]
MFDG
[13]
PeDFG
[14]
HeFG
[15]
PFP
[16]
EG
[17]
DEG
[18]
TEG
[19]
PG	1.00
[20]
MG		1.00
[21]
MDG			1.00
[22]
EDG				1.00
[23]
PrDG					1.00
[24]
BG						1.00
[25]
BDG							1.00
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG
[28]
HDG
[29]
OcG								1.00
[30]
Water	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0129]

	TABLE 14
	Comparative Examples
Material	50	51	52	53	54	55	56	57	58
Magenta
dye
[1]
Magenta	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
dye 2
[2]
Betaine-	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60
based
surfactant
[3]
TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
[31]
Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
E1010
[4]
Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
PD002W
[4]
Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
XL-2
[5]
EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
[6]
EDFG	1.00
[7]
PrDFG		1.00
[8]
BFG
[9]
BFDG
[10]
BFTG
[11]
MFG			1.00
[12]
MFDG				1.00
[13]
PeDFG
[14]
HeFG
[15]
PFP					1.00
[16]
EG						1.00
[17]
DEG							1.00
[18]
TEG								1.00
[19]
PG									1.00
[20]
MG
[21]
MDG
[22]
EDG
[23]
PrDG
[24]
BG
[25]
BDG
[26]
PeDG
[27]
HG
[28]
HDG
[29]
OcG
[30]
Water	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57
Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00
	Comparative Examples
	Material	59	60	61	62	63	64	65	66
	Magenta								0.50
	dye
	[1]
	Magenta	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50	0.50
	dye 2
	[2]
	Betaine-	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60	0.60
	based
	surfactant
	[3]
	TEGmBE	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00	9.00
	[31]
	Glycerin	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00	10.00
	2-pyrrolidone	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20	3.20
	Olfine	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70	0.70
	E1010
	[4]
	Olfine	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10	0.10
	PD002W
	[4]
	Urea	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00	5.00
	Benzotriazole	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01	0.01
	Proxel	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30	0.30
	XL-2
	[5]
	EDTA	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02	0.02
	[6]
	EDFG
	[7]
	PrDFG
	[8]
	BFG
	[9]
	BFDG
	[10]
	BFTG
	[11]
	MFG
	[12]
	MFDG
	[13]
	PeDFG
	[14]
	HeFG
	[15]
	PFP
	[16]
	EG
	[17]
	DEG
	[18]
	TEG
	[19]
	PG
	[20]
	MG	1.00
	[21]
	MDG		1.00
	[22]
	EDG			1.00
	[23]
	PrDG				1.00
	[24]
	BG					1.00
	[25]
	BDG						1.00
	[26]
	PeDG
	[27]
	HG
	[28]
	HDG
	[29]
	OcG							1.00
	[30]
	Water	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	69.57	70.57
	Total	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00	100.00

[0130] [Evaluation of Light Resistance]

[0131] A printing test was carried out using the PM-A750 (trademark) Ink Jet Printer (trade name, Seiko Epson Corp.). The ink compositions of Examples 1 to 32 and Comparative Examples 1 to 66 were respectively filled into special-purpose magenta ink jet cartridges for use with this printer, and printed onto a dedicated ink jet recording medium (Crispia Photographic Paper <High Gloss> (Seiko Epson Corp.)) to obtain recorded articles. The printing configuration consisted of printing with magenta only, and the optical density (hereinafter called “OD”) of the resulting images was adjusted so as to be within a density range of 0.9 to 1.1. The resulting recorded articles were dried for about 1 day at room temperature to obtain the desired recorded articles. Light resistance was evaluated for samples obtained in this manner.

[0132] The light resistance test consisted of irradiating the recorded articles with light under conditions consisting of a temperature of 24° C., humidity of 60% RH and luminosity of 70000 lux using the SFT-II fluorescent light resistance tester (trade name, Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.). OD values of the recorded articles before and after irradiating with light were then measured using the Spectrolino (trademark) reflection densitometer (trade name, Gretag Ltd.). The relict optical density (hereinafter called “ROD”) was then calculated from the resulting OD values using the equation below. Furthermore, measurement of OD values was carried out using a D50 light source in the absence of a light source filter and absolute white for the white standard at a view angle of 20°.
ROD(%)=(Dn/Do)×100

[0133] (wherein, Dn indicates the OD value of the image after completion of the light irradiation test, while Do indicates the OD value of the image before the start of the light irradiation test).

[0134] Moreover, the light resistance of each color recorded on the recorded articles was evaluated using the following evaluation criteria based on the results of the above test. Those results are shown in Tables 15 and 16. Furthermore, in this test, the smaller the decrease in ROD of the recorded article, the lower the deterioration of the image even if exposed to fluorescent light for an extended period of time.

[0135] (Evaluation Criteria)

[0136] Level 1: ROD decreased to 70% in 11 days

[0137] Level 2: ROD decreased to 70% in more than 11 days up to 21 days

[0138] Level 3: ROD decreased to 70% in more than 22 days up to 32 days

[0139] Level 4: ROD decreased to 70% in more than 33 days up to 43 days

[0140] Level 5: ROD decreased to 70% in more than 44 days up to 54 days

[0141] Level 6: ROD decreased to 70% in more than 55 days up to 65 days

[0142] Level 7: ROD decreased to 70% in more than 66 days up to 76 days

[0143] Level 8: ROD decreased to 70% in more than 77 days

[0144] [Evaluation of Moisture Resistance]

[0145] A printing test was carried out using the PM-A750 (trademark) Ink Jet Printer (trade name, Seiko Epson Corp.). The ink compositions of Examples 1 to 32 and Comparative Examples 1 to 66 were respectively filled into a special-purpose magenta ink cartridge for use with this printer, and printed onto a dedicated ink jet recording medium (Crispia Photographic Paper <High Gloss> (Seiko Epson Corp.)) to obtain recorded articles. The printing configuration consisted of printing with magenta only to obtain the maximum optical density. Moisture resistance was then evaluated using the resulting samples. After allowing each sample to stand undisturbed for 4 days in environment at 40° C. and 85% RH in the absence of light, the degree of bleeding of characters and outline characters was evaluated visually. The moisture resistance of each sample was then evaluated based on the evaluation criteria indicated below. Those results are shown in Tables 15 and 16.

[0146] (Evaluation Criteria)

• • [0147] Level 1: Remarkable bleeding of colorant, illegible characters and outline characters
  • [0148] Level 2: Some bleeding of colorant, increased character width and outline characters filled in
  • [0149] Level 3: Some bleeding of colorant, disturbance of character borders
  • [0150] Level 4: Slight bleeding of colorant, some disturbance of character borders
  • [0151] Level 5: Hardly any bleeding of colorant observed
  • [0152] Level 6: No bleeding of colorant observed

[0153] [Foaming/Defoaming Test]

[0154] Bubbling (foaming) and debubbling (defoaming) were measured by observing visually and observing changes in bubble height over time. More specifically, 10 g of the ink formulations of each of the examples and comparative examples were sealed in a cylindrical glass container having a diameter of 2 cm and height of 10 cm and mixed by shaking 50 times followed by measuring the height (H) from the interface between the bubbles and liquid to the maximum height of the bubbles, and using as the value of “foaming” that indicates the ease of bubbling of the ink compositions. Continuing, the time (minutes) required for the height (H) from the interface between the bubbles and the liquid to the maximum height of the bubbles to reach 0.5 H was measured, and used as the value of “defoaming” that indicates the ease of debubbling of the ink compositions. (The experiment was carried out at an atmospheric temperature of 23 to 24° C.) The results are shown in Tables 15 and 16.

[0155]

	TABLE 15
	Examples
Test Example	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Light	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7
resistance [—]
Moisture	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
resistance [—]
Foaming	5	3	5	5	6	6	3	5	5	3	5	4	5	5	5	6
[cm]
Defoaming	5	4	4	9	8	9	5	4	2	2	3	9	8	9	2	3
[min]
	Comparative Examples
Test Example	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14	15	16
Light	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7	7
resistance [—]
Moisture	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
resistance [—]
Foaming	8	8	8	9	8	9	8	8	9	8	9	8	8	9	9	9
[cm]
Defoaming	25	26	25	24	25	25	26	26	26	27	25	26	25	24	26	24
[min]
	Comparative Examples
Test Example	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32	33
Light	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	5
resistance [—]
Moisture	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	1
resistance [—]
Foaming	8	8	8	9	8	9	8	8	9	8	9	8	8	9	9	9	3
[cm]
Defoaming	25	26	25	24	25	25	26	26	26	27	25	26	25	24	26	24	4
[min]

[0156]

	TABLE 16
	Examples
Test Example	17	18	19	20	21	22	23	24	25	26	27	28	29	30	31	32
Light	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6
resistance [—]
Moisture	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
resistance [—]
Foaming	6	3	4	4	5	6	3	5	4	3	5	5	4	5	5	6
[cm]
Defoaming	6	5	4	9	8	8	5	5	2	3	3	9	9	8	2	3
[min]
	Comparative Examples
Test Example	34	35	36	37	38	39	40	41	42	43	44	45	46	47	48	49
Light	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6	6
resistance [—]
Moisture	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4	4
resistance [—]
Foaming	9	8	9	9	9	8	9	9	9	9	9	8	9	8	9	8
[cm]
Defoaming	25	25	26	26	27	26	26	27	26	26	25	23	26	23	24	22
[min]
Test	Comparative Examples
Example	50	51	52	53	54	55	56	57	58	59	60	61	62	63	64	65	66
Light	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	2	4
resistance
[—]
Moisture	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	3	1
resistance
[—]
Foaming	9	8	9	9	9	8	9	9	9	9	9	8	9	8	9	8	3
[cm]
Defoaming	25	25	26	26	27	26	26	27	26	26	25	23	26	23	24	22	3
[min]