Thermal surgical procedures and compositions

Patent Citations (57)

Non-Patent Literature (153)

• Falk MH, Issels RD. Hyperthermia in oncology. International Journal of Hyperthermia 2001; 17(1):1-18.Examiner
• U.S. Appl. No. 10/461,763, filed Jun. 13, 2003, Bischof et al.Applicant
• Ablin, “An Appreciation and Realization of the Concept of Cryoimmunology,” Percutaneous Prostate Cryoablation, St. Louis, MO, Quality Medical Publ., Inc.; 1995; title page, p. 136.Applicant
• Aliev et al., “Morphological features of regeneration of rabbit aortic endothelium after cryoinduced vascular damage,” J. Submicrosc. Cytol. Pathol., 1999; 31(4):495-502.Applicant
• Arnott, “On the Treatment of Cancer, by the Regulated Application of an Anesthetic Temperature,” J. Churchill, London, England, 1851; title page, and 1 pg. (entire document cannot be copied due to condition of original book).Applicant
• Arturson, “Capillary Permeability in Experimental Rapid Freezing with Rapid and Slow Rewarming,” Acta. Chir. Scand., 1966; 131:402-407.Applicant
• Asahina et al., “A Stable State of Frozen Protoplasm with Invisible Intracellular Ice Crystals Obtained by Rapid Cooling,” Exp. Cell Res., 1970; 59:349-358.Applicant
• Barker et al., “The Effect of Superoxide Dismutase on the Skin Microcirculation after Ischemia and Reperfusion,” Prog. Appl. Microcirc., 1987; 12:276-281.Applicant
• Bellman et al., “Vascular Reactions after Experimental Cold Injury,” Angiology, 1956; 7:339-367.Applicant
• Bellman et al., “Transformation of the Vascular System in Cold-Injured Tissue of the Rabbit's Ear,” Angiology, 1960; 11:108-125.Applicant
• Bischof et al., “An Analytical Study of Cryosurgery in the Lung,” ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 1992; 114:467-472.Applicant
• Bischof et al., “Microscale Heat and Mass Transfer of Vascular and Intracellular Freezing in the Liver,” J. Heat Trans., 1993; 115:1029-1035.Applicant
• Bischof et al., “A Morphological Study of Cooling Rate Response in Normal and Neoplastic Human Liver Tissue: Cryosurgical Implications,” Cryobiology, 1993; 30:482-492.Applicant
• Bischof et al., “Rectal Protection During Prostate Cryosurgery: Design and Characterization of an Insulating Probe,” Cryobiology, 1997; 34(1):80-92.Applicant
• Bischof et al., “Cryosurgery of Dunning AT-1 Rat Prostate Tumor: Thermal, Biophysical, and Viability Response at the Cellular and Tissue Level,” Cryobiology, 1997; 34(1):42-69.Applicant
• Bischof et al., “A parametric study of freezing injury in ELT-3 uterine leiomyoma tumour cells,” Human Reproduction, 2001; 16:340-348.Applicant
• Bischof, “Mechanisms of Injury During Freezing: Cryosurgery of Prostate,” Presentation, Minnesota's Medical Device Community Forum, Apr. 24-25, 2003, Minneapolis, MN, 20 pgs.Applicant
• Bischof, John C., “Establishing the Efficacy of Cryomyolysis—Cryosurgery of Uterine Fibroids,” Grant Abstract, Grant No. NSF-BES 9703326 [online]. National Science Foundation—BES Division, Sep. 15, 1997 to Aug. 31, 2002 [retrieved on Jul. 1, 2003]. Retrieved from the Internet: <URL:https:www.fastlane.nsf.gov/servlet/showaward?award=9703326>: 2 pgs.Applicant
• Bischof, John C., “Establishment of Mechanisms of Cryodestruction,” Grant Abstract, Grant No. 5R29CA075284-05 [online]. National Cancer Institute, Jul. 15, 1998 to Jun. 30, 2003 [retrieved on Jul. 1, 2003]. Retrieved from the Internet:<URL:http:crisp.cit.nih.gov/crisp/CRISP—LIB.getdoc?textkey=6513112&p—grant—num=5R29CA075284-05&p—query=&ticket=3953348&p—audit—session—id=18077139&p—keywords=>; 2 pgs.Applicant
• Bonney et al., “Cryosurgery in Prostatic Cancer: Elimination of Local Lesion,” Urology, 1983; 22:8-15.Applicant
• Bourne et al., “Analysis of Microvascular Changes in Frostbite Injury,” J. Surg. Res., 1986; 40:26-35.Applicant
• Bowers et al., “Ultrastructural Studies of Muscle Cells and Vascular Endothelium Immediately after Freeze-Thaw Injury,” Cryobiology, 1973; 10:9-21.Applicant
• Chao et al., “Pre-treatment inflammation induced by TNF-alpha cryosurgical injury on human prostate cancer,” Cryobiology, 2004;49(1):10-27.Applicant
• Chosy et al., “Monitoring Renal Cryosurgery: Predictors of Tissue Necrosis in Swine,” Journal of Urology, 1998; 159:1370-1374.Applicant
• Clarke et al., “Timing Dependency in Cryo-Chemo Combination Therapy: Model Cell Systems,” Cryobiology, Abstracts, 36th Annual Meeting, 1999; 39:320.Applicant
• Comini et al., “Thermal Aspects of Cryosurgery,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 1976; 98:543-549.Applicant
• Cooper, “Cryogenic Surgery. A New Method of Destruction or Extirpation of Benign or Malignant Tissues,” New Eng. J. Med., 1963; 268:743-749.Applicant
• Cooper et al., “Analytical Prediction of the Temperature Field Emanating from a Cryogenic Surgical Cannula,” Cryobiology, 1970; 7:79-93.Applicant
• Cooper et al., “Rate of Lesion Growth Around Spherical and Cylindrical Cryoprobes,” Cryobiology, 1971; 7:183-190.Applicant
• Cosman et al., “An Integrated Cryomicroscopy System,” Cryo-Letters, 1989; 10:17-38.Applicant
• Crismon et al., “Studies on Gangrene Following Cold Injury. V: The Use of Fluorescein as an Indicator of Local Blood Flow: Fluorescein Tests in Experimental Frostbite,” J. Clin. Invest., 1947; 26:268-276.Applicant
• Cummings et al., “Increased vascular permeability evoked by cold injury,” Pathology, 1973; 5:107-116.Applicant
• Dachs et al., “The molecular response of mammalian cells to hypoxia and the potential for exploitation in cancer therapy,” Brit. J. Cancer, 1996; 74(Suppl. 27):S126-S131.Applicant
• Daum et al., “Vascular Casts Demonstrate Microcirculatory Insufficiency in Acute Frostbite,” Cryobiology, 1987; 24:65-73.Applicant
• Diller et al., “Water Transport Through a Multicellular Tissue During Freezing: A Network Thermodynamic Modeling Analysis,” Cryo-Letters, 1990; 11:151-162.Applicant
• Dilley et al., “Laboratory and Animal Model Evaluation of the Cryotech LCS 2000 in Hepatic Cryotherapy,” Cryobiology, 1993; 30:74-85.Applicant
• Echlin, Low-Temperature Microscopy and Analysis, New York, NY, Plenum Press, 1992, cover page, title page and table of contents only:11 pgs.Applicant
• Elliot et al., “Ice Pattern Formation in Mammary Tissue from Sprague-Dawley Rats,” Cryobiology, Abstracts, 35th Annual Meeting, 1998; 37:451.Applicant
• Folkman, “The Vascularization of Tumors,” Sci. Am., 1976; 234:59-64 & 70-73.Applicant
• Fraser et al., “Observations on Ultra-Frozen Tissue,” Br. J. Surg., 1967; 54:770-776.Applicant
• Fukumura et al., “Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha-induced Leukocyte Adhesion in Normal and Tumor Vessels: Effect of Tumor Type, Transplantation Site, and Host Strain,” Cancer Research, 1995; 55(21):4824-4829.Applicant
• Gage et al., “Effect of Varying Freezing and Thawing Rates in Experimental Cryosurgery,” Cryobiology, 1985; 22(2):175-182.Applicant
• Gage, “Cryosurgery in the Treatment of Cancer,” Surg., Gynecol. Obstet., 1992; 174(1):73-92.Applicant
• Gage et al., “Mechanisms of Tissue Injury in Cryosurgery,” Cryobiology, 1998; 37(3):171-186.Applicant
• Gilbert et al., “Real Time Ultrasonic Monitoring of Hepatic Cryosurgery,” Cryobiology, 1985; 22:319-330.Applicant
• Gilbert et al., “Solid-Liquid Interface Monitoring with Ultrasound During Cryosurgery,” ASME 85-WA/HT-83, 1985:1-10.Applicant
• Gill et al., “Renal cryosurgery,” Urology, 1999, 54:215-219.Applicant
• Gupta et al., “A Novel Technique for Culture of Human Dermal Microvascular Endothelial Cells Under Either Serum-free or Serum-supplemented Conditions: Isolation by Panning and Stimulation with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor,” Exp. Cell Res., 1997; 230(2):244-251.Applicant
• Han et al., “Modification and Use of Eutectic Formation to Enhance Direct Cell Injury,” Powerpoint Presentation, 39th Annual Meeting of the Society for Cryobiology, Breckenridge, CO, Jul. 28-31, 2002; 18 pgs.Applicant
• Han et al., “Modification and use of eutectic formation to enhance direct cell injury,” Abstract, 39th Annual Meeting of the Society for Cryobiology, Breckenridge, CO, Jul. 28-31, 2002; Cryobiology, 2002; 45:2 pgs.Applicant
• Han et al., “Thermal property measurements in biological solutions at subzero temperatures,” Abstract, 39 th Annual Meeting of the Society for Cryobiology, Breckenridge, CO, Jul. 28-31, 2002; Cryobiology, 2002; 45: 3 pgs.Applicant
• Han et al., “Phase Change Behavior of Biomedically Relevant Solutions,” Proceedings of IMECE2002, ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress & Exposition, IMECE2002-32549, New Orleans, LA, Nov. 17-22, 2002; 7 pgs.Applicant
• Han et al., “Enhancement of cell and tissue destruction in cryosurgery by use of eutectic freezing,” Powerpoint Presentation, 2003 SPIE Conference, San Jose, CA, Jan. 25-31, 2003; 25 pgs.Applicant
• Han et al., “Enhancement of Direct Cell Injury During Freezing AT-1 Tumor Tissues by Use of Eutectic Crystallization,” 2003 Summer Bioengineering Conference, Key Biscayne, FL, Jun. 25-29, 2003; 2 pgs.Applicant
• Hayakawa et al., “Comparative Immunological Studies in Rats Following Cryosurgery and Surgical Excision of 3-Methylcholanthrene-Induced Primary Autochthonous Tumors,” Gann, 1982; 73:462-469.Applicant
• Hayes et al., “Prediction of Local Cooling Rates and Cell Survival During the Freezing of a Cylindrical Specimen,” Cryobiology, 1988; 25:67-82.Applicant
• Hoffmann et al., “Cryosurgery of Normal and Tumor Tissue in the Dorsal Skin Flap Chamber: Part I-Thermal Response,” ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 2001; 123:301-309.Applicant
• Hoffmann et al., “Cryosurgery of Normal and Tumor Tissue in the Dorsal Skin Flap Chamber: Part II-Injury Response,” ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 2001; 123:310-316.Applicant
• Hoffman et al., “Investigation of the Mechanism and the Effect of Cryoimmunology in the Copenhagen Rat,” Cryobiology, 2001; 41:59-68.Applicant
• Hoffmann et al., “The Cryobiology of Cryosurgical Injury,” Urology, 2002; 60(2 Suppl 1):40-49.Applicant
• Hynsjö et al., “Use of Factorial Experimental Design to Delineate the Strong Calcium- and pH-Dependent Changes in Binding of Human Surfactant Protein-A to Neutral Glycosphingolipids-A Model for Studies of Protein Carbohydrate Interactions,” Anal. Biochem., 1995; 225(2):305-314.Applicant
• Inserte et al., “The Role of Na+-H+ Exchange Occuring During Hypoxia in the Genesis of Reoxygenation-induced Myocardial Oedema,” J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol., 1997; 29(4):1167-1175.Applicant
• Isaacs et al., “Establishment and Characterization of Seven Dunning Rat Prostatic Cancer Cell Lines and Their Use in Developing Methods for Predicting Metastatic Abilities of Prostatic Cancers,” Prostate, 1986; 9:261-281.Applicant
• Iyengar et al., “The effects of an iron chelator on cellular injury induced by vascular stasis caused by hypothermiz,” J. Vascular Surg., 1990; 12:545-551.Applicant
• Jackson et al., “Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) Expression in Prostate Cancer and Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia,” J. Urol., 1997; 157:2323-2328.Applicant
• Jacob et al., “An Assessment of Tumor Cell Viability after in Vitro Freezing,” Cryobiology, 1985; 22:417-426.Applicant
• Jain, “Analysis of Heat Transfer and Temperature Distributions in Tissues During Local and Whole-Body Hyperthermia,” Heat Transfer in Medicine and Biology, vol. 2, New York, NY, Plenum Press, 1985, Chapter 16, pp. 3-54.Applicant
• Jain, “Transport of Molecules in the Tumor Interstitium: A Review,” Cancer Res., 1987; 47:3039-3051.Applicant
• Kane, “Ultrasound-Guided Hepatic Cryosurgery for Tumor Ablation,” Seminars in Interventional Radiology, 1993; 10:132-142.Applicant
• Keanini et al., “Optimization of Multiprobe Cryosurgery,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 1992; 114:796-801.Applicant
• Kourosh et al., “Microscopic study of coupled heat and mass transport during unidirectional solidification of binary solutions-I. Thermal analysis,” Int. J. Heat Mass Transfer, 1990; 33(1):29-38.Applicant
• Kruuv, “Effects of Pre- and Post-thaw Cell-to-Cell Contact and Trypsin on Survival of Freeze-Thaw Damaged Mammalian Cells,” Cryobiology, 1986; 23:126-133.Applicant
• Larese et al., “Antifreeze Proteins Induce Intracellular Nucleation,” Cryo-Letters, 1996; 17:175-182.Applicant
• Lewis et al., “Vascular Reactions of the Skin to Injury. Part III.-Some Effects of Freezing, of Cooling, and of Warming,” Heart, 1926; 13:27-60.Applicant
• Lim et al., “Growth of an Androgen-Sensitive Human Prostate Cancer Cell Line, LNCaP, in Nude Mice,” Prostate, 1993; 22(2):109-118.Applicant
• Love, “The Freezing of Animal Tissue,” Cryobiology, New York, NY, Academic Press, 1966, Chap. 7, pp. 317-405.Applicant
• Lovelock, “The Haemoloysis of Human Red Blood-Cells by Freezing and Thawing,” Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1953; 10:414-426.Applicant
• Lovelock, “The Mechanism of the Protective Action of Glycerol Against Haemolysis by Freezing and Thawing,” Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1953, 11:28-36.Applicant
• Lubaroff et al., “Experience with an Animal Model for the Study of Prostatic Carcinoma,” Trans. Am. Assoc. Genito-Urin. Surgeons, 1978; 69:72-77.Applicant
• Lubaroff et al., “Immunologic Studies of Prostatic Cancer Using the R3327 Rat Model,” Trans. Am. Assoc. Genito-Urin. Surgeons, 1979; 70:60-63.Applicant
• Ludwin, “Survival of Tumor Material after Freezing at -79° C.,” Biodynamica, 1951; 7(131):53-55.Applicant
• Manson et al., “Evidence for an Early Free Radical-Mediated Reperfusion Injury in Frostbite,” Free Radical Biology & Medicine, 1991; 10:7-11.Applicant
• Marzella et al., “Morphologic Characterization of Acute Injury to Vascular Endothelium of Skin after Frostbite,” Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, 1989; 83:67-76.Applicant
• Mazur, “The Role of Cell Membranes in the Freezing of Yeast and Other Single Cells,” N.Y. Acad. Sci., 1965; 125:658-676.Applicant
• Mazur, “Cryobiology: The Freezing of Biological Systems,” Science, 1970; 168:939-949.Applicant
• Mazur et al., “Relative Contributions of the Fraction of Unfrozen Water and of Salt Concentration to the Survival of Slowly Frozen Human Erythrocytes,” Biophys. J., 1981; 36:653-675.Applicant
• Mazur, “Freezing of living cells: mechanisms and implications,” Am. J. Physiol., 1984; 247:C125-C142.Applicant
• McGann et al., “Factors affecting the repair of sublethal freeze-thaw damage in mammalian cells. II. The effects of ouabain,” Cryobiology, 1974; 11:332-339.Applicant
• McGann et al., “Factors affecting the repair of sublethal freeze-thaw damage in mammalian cells. I. Suboptimal temperature and hypoxia,” Cryobiology, 1975; 12:530-539.Applicant
• McGann et al., “Freeze-Thaw Damage in Protected and Unprotected Synchronized Mammalian Cells,” Cryobiology, 1977; 14:503-505.Applicant
• McGrath et al., “An Experimental Comparison of Intracellular Ice Formation and Freeze-Thaw Survival of Hela S-3 Cells,” Cryobiology, 1975; 12:540-550.Applicant
• McGrath, “Membrane Transport Properties,” Low Temperature Biotechnology-Emerging Applications and Engineering Contributions, ASME BED, 1988; 10:273-331.Applicant
• McHugh et al., “Complications and Postoperative Management,” Percutaneous Prostate Cryoablation, St. Louis, MO, Quality Medical Publishing, Inc., 1995; title page, pp. 129-135.Applicant
• Mundth et al., “Treatment of Experimental Frostbite with Low Molecular Weight Dextran,” Journal of Trauma, 1964; 4:246-257.Applicant
• Mundth, “Studies on the Pathogenesis of Cold Injury. Microcirculatory Changes in Tissue Injured by Freezing,” Proc. Symp. Arctic Biol. Med. IV. Frostbite, Feb. 17-19, 1964; 51-72.Applicant
• Nagle et al., “Cultured Chinese Hamster Cells Undergo Apoptosis after Exposure to Cold but Nonfreezing Temperatures,” Cryobiology, 1990; 27:439-451.Applicant
• Neel et al., “Ischemia Potentiating Cryosurgery of Primate Liver,” Ann. Surg., 1971; 174:309-318.Applicant
• Neel et al., “Cryonecrosis of Normal and Tumor-Bearing Rat Liver Potentiated by Inflow Occlusion,” Cancer, 1971; 28:1211-1218.Applicant
• Neel, “Cryosurgery for the Treatment of Cancer,” Laryngoscope (Suppl. 23), 1980; XC-8(2):31-48.Applicant
• Ninomiya et al., “Identification of Vascular System in Experimental Carcinoma for Cryosurgery-Histochemical Observations of Lectin UEA-1 and Alkaline Phosphatase Activity in Vascular Endothelium,” Cryobiology, 1985; 22:331-335.Applicant
• Onik et al., “Sonographic Monitoring of Hepatic Cryosurgery in an Experimental Animal Model,” Am. J. Roentgenol., 1985; 144:1043-1047.Applicant
• Onik et al., “US Characteristics of Frozen Prostate,” Radiology, 1988; 168:629-631.Applicant
• Onik et al., “Percutaneous Transperineal Prostate Cryosurgery Using Transrectal Ultrasound Guidance: Animal Model,” Urology, 1991; 37:277-281.Applicant
• Onik et al., “Transrectal Ultrasound-Guided Percutaneous Radical Cryosurgical Ablation of the Prostate,” Cancer, 1993; 72:1291-1299.Applicant
• Onik, “Prostate Cryoablation: A Reappraisal,” Percutaneous Prostate Cryoablation, Quality Medical Publ., Inc., St. Louis, MO, 1995, title page, pp. 1-12.Applicant
• Onik et al., “Cryosurgical Techniques, Caveats, and Refinements,” Percutaneous Prostate Cryoablation, Quality Medical Publ., Inc., St. Louis, MO, 1995; title page, pp. 85-128.Applicant
• Orpwood, “Biophysical and engineering aspects of cryosurgery,” Phys. Med. Biol., 1981; 26:555-575.Applicant
• Pazhayannur et al., “Measurement and Simulation of Water Transport During Freezing in Mammalian Liver Tissue,” ASME J. Biomech. Eng., 1997; 119(3):269-277.Applicant
• Pennes, “Analysis of Tissue and Arterial Blood Temperatures in the Resting Human Forearm,” J. App. Physiol., 1948; 1:93-122.Applicant
• Pham et al., “An in Vivo Study of Antifreeze Protein Adjuvant Cryosurgery,” Cryobiology, 1999; 38:169-175.Applicant
• Pollock, et al., “An Isolated Perfused Rat Mesentery Model for Direct Observation of the Vasculature During Cryopreservation,” Cryobiology, 1986; 23:500-511.Applicant
• Porter et al., “Radiotherapy and Cryotherapy for Prostate Cancer,” Chapter 88, 7th Ed., W.B. Saunders Co., Philadelphia, PA, 1998; title page, publication page, pp. 2605-2626.Applicant
• Rabin et al., “Experimental Cryosurgery of the Skeletal Muscle of Rabbits' Hindlimbs by Control of the Freezing Rate,” Adv. Heat Mass Trans. in Biotech., 1995; BED32:131-132.Applicant
• Rabin et al., “Analysis of Thermal Stresses Around a Cryosurgical Probe,” Cryobiology, 1996; 33:276-290.Applicant
• Rabb et al., “Effect of Freezing and Thawing on the Microcirculation and Capillary Endothelium of the Hamster Cheek Pouch,” Cryobiology, 1974; 11:508-518.Applicant
• Rivoire et al., “Hepatic Cryosurgery Precision: Evaluation of Ultrasonography, Thermometry, and Impedancemetry in a Pig Model,” Journal of Surgical Oncology, 1996; 61:242-248.Applicant
• Roberts et al., “Biochemical Alterations and Tissue Viability in AT-1 Prostate Tumor Tissue after in Vitro Cryodestruction,” Cryo-Letters, 1997; 18:241-250.Applicant
• Robards et al., Low Temperature Methods in Biological Electron Microscopy, Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1985; cover page, title page, and table of contents only:8pgs.Applicant
• Rotnes et al., “Eine Methode Zum Experimentellen Nachweis von Stase Mittels Spezieller Präparate,” Acta Path. Microbiol. Scand., 1932; Suppl. 11:162-165.Applicant
• Rubinsky et al., “Analysis of a Stefan-Like Problem in a Biological Tissue Around a Cryosurgical Probe,” ASME J. Heat Transfer, 1976; 98(3):514-519.Applicant
• Rubinsky et al., “A Cryomicroscope Using Directional Solidification for the Controlled Freezing of Biological Material,” Cryobiology, 1985; 22:55-68.Applicant
• Rubinsky et al., “The Mechanism of Freezing in Biological Tissue: The Liver,” Cryo-Letters, 1987; 8:370-381.Applicant
• Rubinsky et al., “A mathematical model for the freezing process in biological tissue,” Proc. R. Soc. Lond., 1988; B234:343-358.Applicant
• Rubinsky et al., “Effect of Ice Crystal Habit on the Viability of Glycerol Protected Red Blood Cells,” Cryobiology, Abstracts, 26th Annual Meeting, 1989; 26:580.Applicant
• Rubinsky et al., “The Process of Freezing and the Mechanism of Damage during Hepatic Cryosurgery,” Cryobiology, 1990; 27:85-97.Applicant
• Rubinsky et al., “Cryosurgery: advances in the application of low temperatures to medicine,” Int. J. Refrig., 1991; 14:190-199.Applicant
• Rubinsky, “The Freezing Process and Mechanism of Tissue Damage,” Percutaneous Prostate Cryoablation, Quality Medical Publ., Inc., St. Louis, MO, 1995; title page, and pp. 49-68.Applicant
• Saliken et al., “The Evolution and State of Modern Technology for Prostate Cryosurgery,” Urology, 2002; 60(2 Suppl 1):26-33.Applicant
• Salimi et al., “Frostbite: Experimental Assessment of Tissue Damage Using Tc-99m Pyrophosphate. Work in progress,” Radiology, 1986; 161:227-231.Applicant
• Schmidlin et al., “Measurement and Prediction of Thermal Behavior and Acute Assessment of Injury in a Pig Model of Renal Cryosurgery,” Journal of Endourology2001; 15:193-197.Applicant
• Schüder et al., “Complete shutdown of microvascular perfusion upon hepatic cryothermia is critically dependent on local tissue temperature,” British Journal of Cancer, 2000; 82:794-799.Applicant
• Sedzik, “Regression analysis of factorially designed trials-a logical approach to protein crystallization,” Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1995; 1251(2):177-185.Applicant
• Smith et al., “An Estimation of Tissue Damage and Thermal History in the Cryolesion,” Cryobiology, 1974; 11:139-147.Applicant
• Smith et al., “Ultrastructure after Cryosurgery of Rat Liver,” Cryobiology, 1978; 15:426-432.Applicant
• Smith et al., “A Parametric Study of Freezing Injury in AT-1 Rate Prostate Tumor Cells,” Cryobiology1999; 39(1):13-28.Applicant
• Song et al., “Fibroblast growth factors: An epigenetic mechanism of broad spectrum resistance to anticancer drugs,” Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A., 2000; 97:8658-8663.Applicant
• Steponkus, “Role of the Plasma Membrane in Freezing Injury and Cold Acclimation,” Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol., 1984; 35:543-584.Applicant
• Steponkus et al., “A Contrast of the Cryostability of the Plasma Membrane of Winter Rye and Spring Oat. Two Species That Widely Differ in Their Freezing Tolerance and Plasma Membrane Lipid Composition,” Advances in Low-Temperature Biology, JAI Press Ltd., London, England, 1993; 2:211-312.Applicant
• Sullivan et al., “Effect of Inositol and Rapid Rewarming on Extent of Tissue Damage Due to Cold Injury,” Am. J. Phys., 1957, 189:501-503.Applicant
• Tatsutani et al., “Effect of Thermal Variable on Frozen Human Primary Prostatic Adenocarcinoma Cells,” Urology, 1996; 48:441-447.Applicant
• Toner et al., “Thermodynamics and kinetics of intracellular ice formation during freezing of biological cells,” J. Appl. Phys., 1990; 67:1582-1593.Applicant
• Toner et al., “Transport Phenomena During Freezing of Isolated Hepatocytes,” AIChE J., 1992; 38:1512-1522.Applicant
• Toner, “Nucleation of Ice Crystals Inside Biological Cells,” Advances in Low-Temperature Biology, JAI Press, London, England, 1993; 2:1-51.Applicant
• Trump et al., “Effects of Freezing and Thawing on the Ultrastructure of Mouse Hepatic Parenchymal Cells,” Lab Invest., 1964; 13:967-1002.Applicant
• Watson, “Experience and Perspectives in Prostate Cryosurgery in the United Kingdom,” Percutaneous Prostate Cryoablation, Quality Medical Publ., Inc., St. Louis, MO, 1995; title page, pp. 155-167.Applicant
• Yamashita et al., “Enhanced Tumor Metastases in Rats Following Cryosurgery of Primary Tumor,” Gann, 1982; 73:222-228.Applicant
• Zacarian, “The Observation of Freeze-Thaw Cycles Upon Cancer Cell Suspensions,” J. Dermatol. Surg. Oncol., 1977; 3:173-174.Applicant
• Zieger et al., Factors Influencing Survival of Mammalian Cells Exposed to Hypothermia. V. Effects of Hepes, Free Radicals, and H202 under Light and Dark Conditions, Cryobiology, 1991; 28:8-17.Applicant
• Zook et al., “Microcirculatory Studies of Frostbite Injury,” Annals of Plastic Surgery, 1998; 40:246-255.Applicant
• Han et al., “Thermodynamic Nonequilibrium Phase Change Behavior and Thermal Properties of Biological Solutions for Cryobiology Applications,” J. Biomech. Eng., 2004;126(2):196-203.Applicant
• Han et al., “Direct cell injury associated with eutectic crystallization during freezing,” Cryobiology, 2004;48:8-21.Applicant
• Muldrew et al., “Sodium Chloride as an Adjuvant for Cryosurgery,” Abstracts, 38th Annual Meeting, Cryobiology, International Journal of Low Temperature Biology and Medicine, 2001;43(4):388-389.Applicant
• Communication and Supplementary European Search Report—Dated Jun. 6, 2007. 3 pages.Applicant