US 7,229,473 B2Grant

Local delivery of rapamycin for treatment of proliferative sequelae associated with PTCA procedures, including delivery using a modified stent

Issue Date:2007-06-12

•5 Claims

•3 Drawing Sheets

Abstract

Methods of preparing intravascular stents with a polymeric coating containing macrocyclic lactone (such as rapamycin or its analogs), stents and stent graphs with such coatings, and methods of treating a coronary artery with such devices. The macrocyclic lactone-based polymeric coating facilitates the performance of such devices in inhibiting restenosis.

Metadata

Assignee

Cordis Corporation

Inventors

Robert Falotico
Gerard H. Llanos

Application Information

Application Number:US 11/466,983

Filing Date:2006-08-24

Priority Date:1997-04-18

Art Unit:3738

Classifications

IPC:

A61F2/06

Patent Drawings (3 sheets)

Description

Cross-Reference to Related Applications

[0001] This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 10/951,385, filed Sep. 28, 2004, now pending, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 10/408,328, filed Apr. 7, 2003, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,808,536, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/874,117, filed Jun. 4, 2001, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,585,764, which is a continuation of application Ser. No. 09/061,568, filed Apr. 16, 1998, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 6,273,913, which in turn claims benefit of provisional application Ser. No. 60/044,692, filed Apr. 18, 1997. The disclosures of these prior applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Field of the Invention

[0002] Delivery of rapamycin locally, particularly from an intravascular stent, directly from micropores in the stent body or mixed or bound to a polymer coating applied on stent, to inhibit neointimal tissue proliferation and thereby prevent restenosis. This invention also facilitates the performance of the stent in inhibiting restenosis.

Background of the Invention

[0003] Re-narrowing (restenosis) of an artherosclerotic coronary artery after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) occurs in 10–50% of patients undergoing this procedure and subsequently requires either further angioplasty or coronary artery bypass graft. While the exact hormonal and cellular processes promoting restenosis are still being determined, our present understanding is that the process of PTCA, besides opening the artherosclerotically obstructed artery, also injures resident coronary arterial smooth muscle cells (SMC). In response to this injury, adhering platelets, infiltrating macrophages, leukocytes, or the smooth muscle cells (SMC) themselves release cell derived growth factors with subsequent proliferation and migration of medial SMC through the internal elastic lamina to the area of the vessel intima. Further proliferation and hyperplasia of intimal SMC and, most significantly, production of large amounts of extracellular matrix over a period of 3–6 months results in the filling in and narrowing of the vascular space sufficient to significantly obstruct coronary blood flow.

[0004] Several recent experimental approaches to preventing SMC proliferation have shown promise althrough the mechanisms for most agents employed are still unclear. Heparin is the best known and characterized agent causing inhibition of SMC proliferation both in vitro and in animal models of balloon angioplasty-mediated injury. The mechanism of SMC inhibition with heparin is still not known but may be due to any or all of the following: 1) reduced expression of the growth regulatory protooncogenes c-fos and c-myc, 2) reduced cellular production of tissue plasminogen activator; are 3) binding and dequestration of growth regulatory factors such as fibrovalent growth factor (FGF).

[0005] Other agents which have demonstrated the ability to reduce myointimal thickening in animal models of balloon vascular injury are angiopeptin (a somatostatin analog), calcium channel blockers, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (captopril, cilazapril), cyclosporin A, trapidil (an antianginal, antiplatelet agent), terbinafine (antifungal), colchicine and taxol (antitubulin antiproliferatives), and c-myc and c-myb antinsense oligonucleotides.

[0006] Additionally, a goat antibody to the SMC mitogen platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) has been shown to be effective in reducing myointimal thickening in a rat model of balloon angioplasty injury, thereby implicating PDGF directly in the etiology of restenosis. Thus, while no therapy has as yet proven successful clinically in preventing restenosis after angioplasty, the in vivo experimental success of several agents known to inhibit SMC growth suggests that these agents as a class have the capacity to prevent clinical restenosis and deserve careful evaluation in humans.

[0007] Coronary heart disease is the major cause of death in men over the age of 40 and in women over the age of fifty in the western world. Most coronary artery-related deaths are due to atherosclerosis. Atherosclerotic lesions which limit or obstruct coronary blood flow are the major cause of ischemic heart disease related mortality and result in 500,000–600,000 deaths in the United States annually. To arrest the disease process and prevent the more advanced disease states in which the cardiac muscle itself is compromised, direct intervention has been employed via percutaneous transiuminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) or coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) PTCA is a procedure in which a small balloon-tipped catheter is passed down a narrowed coronary artery and then expanded to re-open the artery. It is currently performed in approximately 250,000–300,000 patients each year. The major advantage of this therapy is that patients in which the procedure is successful need not undergo the more invasive surgical procedure of coronary artery bypass graft. A major difficulty with PTCA is the problem of post-angioplasty closure of the vessel, both immediately after PTCA (acute reocclusion) and in the long term (restenosis).

[0008] The mechanism of acute reocclusion appears to involve several factors and may result from vascular recoil with resultant closure of the artery and/or deposition of blood platelets along the damaged length of the newly opened blood vessel followed by formation of a fibrin/red blood cell thrombus. Recently, intravascular stents have been examined as a means of preventing acute reclosure after PTCA.

[0009] Restenosis (chronic reclosure) after angioplasty is a more gradual process than acute reocclusion: 30% of patients with subtotal lesions and 50% of patients with chronic total lesions will go on to restenosis after angioplasty. While the exact mechanism for restenosis is still under active investigation, the general aspects of the restenosis process have been identified.

[0010] In the normal arterial will, smooth muscle cells (SMC) proliferate at a low rate (<0.1%/day; ref). SMC in vessel wall exists in a contractile phenotype characterized by 80–90% of the cell cytoplasmic volume occupied with the contractile apparatus. Endoplasmic reticulum, golgi bodies, and free ribosomes are few and located in the perinuclear region. Extracellular matrix surrounds SMC and is rich in heparin-like glycosylaminoglycans which are believed to be responsible for maintaining SMC in the contractile phenotypic state.

[0011] Upon pressure expansion of an intracoronary balloon catheter during angioplasty, smooth muscle cells within the arterial wall become injured. Cell derived growth factors such as platelet derived growth factor (PDGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), epidermal growth factor (EGF), etc. released from platelets (i.e., PDGF) adhering to the damaged arterial luminal surface, invading macrophages and/or leukocytes, or directly from SMC (i.e., BFGF) provoke a proliferation and migratory response in medial SMC. These cells undergo a phenotypic change from the contractile phenotyope to a synthetic phenotype characterized by only few contractile filament bundles but extensive rough endoplasmic reticulum, golgi and free ribosomes. Proliferation/migration usually begins within 1–2 days post-injury and peaks at 2 days in the media, rapidly declining thereafter (Campbell et al., In: Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells in Culture, Campbell, J. H. and Campbell, G. R., Eds, CRC Press, Boca. Ratioh, 1987, pp. 39–55); Clowes, A. W. and Schwartz, S. M., Circ. Res. 56:139–145, 1985).

[0012] Finally, daughter synthetic cells migrate to the intimal layer of arterial smooth muscle and continue to proliferate. Proliferation and migration continues until the damaged luminal endothelial layer regenerates at which time proliferation ceases within the intima, usually within 7–14 days postinjury. The remaining increase in intimal thickening which occurs over the next 3–6 months is due to an increase in extracellular matrix rather than cell number. Thus, SMC migration and proliferation is an acute response to vessel injury while intimal hyperplasia is a more chronic response. (Liu et al., Circulation, 79:1374–1387, 1989).

[0013] Patients with symptomatic reocclusion require either repeat PTCA or CABG. Because 30–50% of patients undergoing PTCA will experience restenosis, restenosis has clearly limited the success of PTCA as a therapeutic approach to coronary artery disease. Because SMC proliferation and migration are intimately involved with the pathophysiological response to arterial injury, prevention of SMC proliferation and migration represents a target for pharmacological intervention in the prevention of restenosis.

Summary of the Invention

[0014] Novel Features and Applications to Stent Technology Currently, attempts to improve the clinical performance of stents have involved some variation of either applying a coating to the metal, attaching a covering or membrane, or embedding material on the surface via ion bombardment. A stent designed to include reservoirs is a new approach which offers several important advantages over existing technologies.

[0015] Local Drug Delivery from a Stent to Inhibit Restenosis

[0016] In this application, it is desired to deliver a therapeutic agent to the site of arterial injury. The conventional approach has been to incorporate the therapeutic agent into a polymer material which is then coated on the stent. The ideal coating material must be able to adhere strongly to the metal stent both before and after expansion, be capable of retaining the drug at a sufficient load level to obtain the required dose, be able to release the drug in a controlled way over a period of several weeks, and be as thin as possible so as to minimize the increase in profile. In addition, the coating material should not contribute to any adverse response by the body (i.e., should be non-thrombogenic, non-inflammatory, etc.). To date, the ideal coating material has not been developed for this application.

[0017] An alternative would be to design the stent to contain reservoirs which could be loaded with the drug. A coating or membrane of biocompatable material could be applied over the reservoirs which would control the diffusion of the drug from the reservoirs to the artery wall.

[0018] One advantage of this system is that the properties of the coating can be optimized for achieving superior biocompatibility and adhesion properties, without the addition requirement of being able to load and release the drug. The size, shape, position, and number of reservoirs can be used to control the amount of drug, and therefore the dose delivered.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] The invention will be better understood in connection with the following figures in which

[0020] FIGS. 1 and 1A are top views and section views of a stent containing reservoirs as described in the present invention;

[0021] FIGS. 2a and 2b are similar views of an alternate embodiment of the stent with open ends;

[0022] FIGS. 3a and 3b are further alternate figures of a device containing a grooved reservoir; and

[0023] FIG. 4 is a layout view of a device containing a reservoir as in FIG. 3.

Detailed Description of Illustrative Embodiments

[0024] Pharmacological attempts to prevent restenosis by pharmacologic means have thus far been unsuccessful and all involve systemic administration of the trial agents. Neither aspirin-dipyridamole, ticlopidine, acute heparin administration, chronic warfarin (6 months) nor methylprednisolone have been effective in preventing restenosis although platelet inhibitors have been effective in preventing acute reocclusion after angioplasty. The calcium antagonists have also been unsuccessful in preventing restenosis, although they are still under study. Other agents currently under study include thromboxane inhibitors, prostacyclin mimetics, platelet membrane receptor blockers, thrombin inhibitors and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors. These agents must be given systemically, however, and attainment of a therapeutically effective dose may not be possible; antiproliferative (or anti-restenosis) concentrations may exceed the known toxic concentrations of these agents so that levels sufficient to produce smooth muscle inhibition may not be reached (Lang et al., 42 Ann. Rev. Med., 127–132 (1991); Popma et al., 84 Circulation, 1426–1436 (1991)).

[0025] Additional clinical trials in which the effectiveness for preventing restenosis of dietary fish oil supplements, thromboxane receptor antagonists, cholesterol lowering agents, and serotonin antagonists has been examined have shown either conflicting or negative results so that no pharmacological agents are as yet clinically available to prevent post-angioplasty restenosis (Franklin, S. M. and Faxon, D. P., 4 Coronary Artery Disease, 2-32-242 (1993); Serruys, P. W. et al., 88 Circulation, (part 1) 1588–1601, (1993).

[0026] Conversely, stents have proven useful in preventing reducing the proliferation of restenosis. Stents, such as the stent 10 seen in layout in FIG. 4, balloon-expandable slotted metal tubes (usually but not limited to stainless steel), which when expanded within the lumen of an angioplastied coronary artery, provide structural support to the arterial wall. This support is helpful in maintaining an open path for blood flow. In two randomized clinical trials, stents were shown to increase angiographic success after PTCA, increase the stenosed blood vessel lumen and to reduce the lesion recurrence at 6 months (Serruys et al., 331 New Eng Jour. Med, 495, (1994); Fischman et al., 331 New Eng Jour. Med, 496–501 (1994). Additionally, in a preliminary trial, heparin coated stents appear to possess the same benefit of reduction in stenosis diameter at follow-up as was observed with non-heparin coated stents. Additionally, heparin coating appears to have the added benefit of producing a reduction in sub-acute thrombosis after stent implantation (Serruys et al., 93 Circulation, 412–422, (1996). Thus, 1) sustained mechanical expansion of a stenosed coronary artery has been shown to provide some measure of restenosis prevention, and 2) coating of stents with heparin has demonstrated both the feasibility and the clinical usefulness of delivering drugs to local, injured tissue off the surface of the stent.

[0027] Numerous agents are being actively studied as antiproliferative agents for use in restenosis and have shown some activity in experimental animal models. These include: heparin and heparin fragments (Clowes and Karnovsky, 265 Nature, 25–626, (1977); Guyton, J. R. et al. 46 Circ. Res., 625–634, (1980); Clowes, A. W. and Clowes, M. M., 52 Lab. Invest., 611–616, (1985); Clowes, A. W. and Clowes, M. M., 58 Circ. Res., 839–845 (1986); Majesky et al., 61 Circ Res., 296–300, (1987); Snow et al., 137 Am. J. Pathol., 313–330 (1990); Okada, T. et al., 25 Neurosurgery, 92–898, (1989) colchicine (Currier, J. W. et al., 80 Circulation, 11–66, (1989), taxol (ref), agiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (Powell, J. S. et al., 245 Science, 186–188 (1989), angiopeptin (Lundergan, C. F. et al., 17 Am. J. Cardiol. (Suppi. B); 132B–136B (1991), Cyclosporin A (Jonasson, L. et. al., 85 Proc. Nati, Acad. Sci., 2303 (1988), goat-anti-rabbit PDGF antibody (Ferns, G. A. A., et al., 253 Science, 1129–1132 (1991), terbinafine (Nemecek, G. M. et al., 248 J. Pharmacol. Exp. Thera., 1167–11747 (1989), trapidil (Liu, M. W. et al., 81 Circulation, 1089-1093 (1990), interferon-gamma (Hansson, G. K. and Holm, 84 J. Circulation, 1266–1272 (1991), steroids (Colburn, M. D. et al., 15 J. Vasc. Surg., 510–518 (1992), see also Berk, B. C. et al., 17 J. Am. Coll. Cardiol., 111B–117B (1991), ionizing radiation (ref), fusion toxins (ref) antisense oligonucleotides (ref), gene vectors (ref), and rapamycin (see below).

[0028] Of particular interest in rapamycin. Rapamycin is a macrolide antibiotic which blocks IL-2-mediated T-cell proliferation and possesses antiinflammatory activity. While the precise mechanism of rapamycin is still under active investigation, rapamycin has been shown to prevent the G.sub.1 to 5 phase progression of T-cells through the cell cycle by inhibiting specific cell cyclins and cyclin-dependent protein kinases (Siekierka, Immunol. Res. 13: 110–116, 1994). The antiproliferative action of rapamycin is not limited to T-cells; Marx et al. (Circ Res 76:412–417, 1995) have demonstrated that rapamycin prevents proliferation of both rat and human SMC in vitro while Poon et al. have shown the rat, porcine, and human SMC migratin can also be inhibited by rapamycin (J Clin Invest 98: 2277–2283, 1996). Thus, rapamycin is capable of inhibiting both the inflammatory response known to occur after arterial injury and stent implantation, as well as the SMC hyperproliferative response. In fact, the combined effects of rapamycin have been demonstrated to result in a diminished SMC hyperproliferative response in a rat femoral artery graft model and in both rat and porcine arterial balloon injury models (Gregory et al., Transplantation 55:1409–1418, 1993; Gallo et al., in press, (1997)). These observations clearly support the potential use of rapamycin in the clinical setting of post-angioplasty restenosis.

[0029] Although the ideal agent for restenosis has not yet been identified, some desired properties are clear: inhibition of local thrombosis without the risk systemic bleeding complications and continuous and prevention of the dequale of arterial injury, including local inflammation and sustained prevention smooth muscle proliferation at the site of angioplasty without serious systemic complications. Inasmuch as stents prevent at least a portion of the restenosis process, an agent which prevents inflammation and the proliferation of SMC combined with a stent may provide the most efficacious treatment for post-angioplasty restenosis.

[0030] Experiments

Agents: Rapamycin (sirolimus) structural analogs (macrocyclic lactones) and inhibitors of cell-cycle progression.

Delivery Methods: These can vary:

- [0031] Local delivery of such agents (rapamycin) from the struts of a stent, from a stent graft, grafts, stent cover or sheath.
- [0032] Involving comixture with polymers (both degradable and nondegrading) to hold the drug to the stent or graft.
- [0033] or entrapping the drug into the metal of the stent or graft body which has been modified to contain micropores or channels, as will be explained further herein.
- [0034] or including covalent binding of the drug to the stent via solution chemistry techniques (such as via the Carmeda process) or dry chemistry techniques (e.g. vapour deposition methods such as rf-plasma polymerization) and combinations thereof.
- [0035] Catheter delivery intravascularly from a tandem balloon or a porous balloon for intramural uptake.
- [0036] Extravascular delivery by the pericardial route.
- [0037] Extravascular delivery by the advential application of sustained release formulations.
  Uses:
- [0038] for inhibition of cell proliferation to prevent neointimal proliferation and restenosis.
- [0039] prevention of tumor expansion from stents.
- [0040] prevent ingrowth of tissue into catheters and shunts inducing their failure.

[0041] 1. Experimental Stent Delivery Method—Delivery from Polymer Matrix:

[0042] Solution of Rapamycin, prepared in a solvent miscible with polymer carrier solution, is mixed with solution of polymer at final concentration range 0.001 weight % to 30 weight % of drug. Polymers are biocompatible (i.e., not elicit any negative tissue reaction or promote mural thrombus formation) and degradable, such as lactone-based polyesters or copolyesters, e.g., polylactide, polycaprolacton-glycolide, polyorthoesters, polyanhydrides; poly-amino acids; polysaccharides; polyphosphazenes; poly(ether-ester) copolymers, e.g., PEO-PLLA, or blends thereof. Nonabsorbable biocompatible polymers are also suitable candidates. Polymers such as polydimethylsiolxane; poly(ethylene-vingylacetate); acrylate based polymers or copolymers, e.g., poly(hydroxyethyl methylmethacrylate, polyvinyl pyrrolidinone; fluorinated polymers such as polytetrafluoroethylene; cellulose esters.

[0043] Polymer/drug mixture is applied to the surfaces of the stent by either dip-coating, or spray coating, or brush coating or dip/spin coating or combinations thereof, and the solvent allowed to evaporate to leave a film with entrapped rapamycin.

[0044] 2. Experimental Stent Delivery Method—Delivery from Microporous Depots in Stent Through a Polymer Membrane Coating:

[0045] Stent, whose body has been modified to contain micropores or channels is dipped into a solution of Rapamycin, range 0.001 wt % to saturated, in organic solvent such as acetone or methylene chloride, for sufficient time to allow solution to permeate into the pores. (The dipping solution can also be compressed to improve the loading efficiency.) After solvent has been allowed to evaporate, the stent is dipped briefly in fresh solvent to remove excess surface bound drug. A solution of polymer, chosen from any identified in the first experimental method, is applied to the stent as detailed above. This outer layer of polymer will act as diffusion-controller for release of drug.

[0046] 3. Experimental Stent Delivery Method—Delivery via Lysis of a Covalent Drug Tether:

[0047] Rapamycin is modified to contain a hydrolytically or enzymatically labile covalent bond for attaching to the surface of the stent which itself has been chemically derivatized to allow covalent immobilization. Covalent bonds such as ester, amides or anhydrides may be suitable for this.

[0048] 4. Experimental Method—Pericardial Delivery:

[0049] A: Polymeric Sheet

[0050] Rapamycin is combined at concentration range previously highlighted, with a degradable polymer such as poly(caprolactone-gylcolid-e) or non-degradable polymer, e.g., polydimethylsiloxane, and mixture cast as a thin sheet, thickness range 10.mu. to 1000.mu. The resulting sheet can be wrapped perivascularly on the target vessel. Preference would be for the absorbable polymer.

[0051] B: Conformal Coating:

[0052] Rapamycin is combined with a polymer that has a melting temperature just above 37° C., range 40°–45° C. Mixture is applied in a molten state to the external side of the target vessel. Upon cooling to body temperature the mixture solidifies conformably to the vessel wall. Both non-degradable and absorbable biocompatible polymers are suitable.

[0053] As seen in the figures it is also possible to modify currently manufactured stents in order to adequately provide the drug dosages such as rapamycin. As seen in FIGS. 1a, 2a and 3a, any stent strut 10, 20, 30 can be modified to have a certain reservoir or channel 11, 21, 31. Each of these reservoirs can be open or closed as desired. These reservoirs can hold the drug to be delivered. FIG. 4 shows a stent 40 with a reservoir 45 created at the apex of a flexible strut. Of course, this reservoir 45 is intended to be useful to deliver rapamycin or any other drug at a specific point of flexibility of the stent. Accordingly, this concept can be useful for “second generation” type stents.

[0054] In any of the foregoing devices, however, it is useful to have the drug dosage applied with enough specificity and enough concentration to provide an effective dosage in the lesion area. In this regard, the reservoir size in the stent struts must be kept at a size of about 0.0005″ to about 0.003″. Then, it should be possible to adequately apply the drug dosage at the desired location and in the desired amount.

[0055] These and other concepts will are disclosed herein. It would be apparent to the reader that modifications are possible to the stent or the drug dosage applied. In any event, however, the any obvious modifications should be perceived to fall within the scope of the invention which is to be realized from the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

Certificate of Correction present

The claims shown below may not include correction changes. Use the corrected PDF for authoritative text.

What is claimed:

1. A metallic stent having a coating applied thereto, wherein:

said coating comprises a mixture of a biocompatible polymeric carrier and a therapeutic agent;

said polymeric carrier comprises at least one nonabsorbable polymer;

said therapeutic agent is rapamycin, or a macrocyclic lactone analog thereof, present in an amount effective to inhibit neointimal proliferation; and

said stent provides a controlled release of said therapeutic agent over a period of several weeks.

2. The metallic stent according to claim 1 wherein said therapeutic agent is a macrocyclic lactone analog of rapamycin.

3. The metallic stent according to claim 1 wherein said biocompatible polymeric carrier comprises a fluorinated polymer.

4. The metallic according to claim 3 wherein said biocompatible polymeric carrier further comprises an acrylate-based polymer or copolymer.

5. A method of inhibiting neointimal proliferation in a coronary artery resulting from percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty comprising implanting a metallic stent according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the lumen of said coronary artery.

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Order dated Mar. 31, 2000.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; May 15, 1996: 79-83, 89-92, 105-107 and 153-161.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; May 16, 1996: 555-564, 569-572.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; Jan. 8, 1998: 67-73, 108-110.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; July 14, 1998: 69-77, 108-112, 119-123.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; Jul. 12, 1999: 88-91, 132-135, 144-149, 218-223, 231-242.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; Jul. 13, 1999: 251-334, 339-345, 374-416.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; Jul. 14, 1999: 454-550.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; Jul. 15, 1999: 560-614.Applicant
Schatz Deposition Testimony; Dec. 2, 1999: 906-91 1, 928-942, 945-963, 976-978, 1029-1034, 1038-1042.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Nov. 5, 1991: 160-172.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Feb. 5, 1995: 710-727.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Jul. 16, 1998: 55-56; 81-82.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Jul. 28, 1999: 560-568, 570-579.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Jul. 29, 1999: 778-785.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Aug. 31, 1999: 1403-1452.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Sep. 2, 1999; 1953-1960.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Oct. 14, 1999; 2201-2209; 2275-2342; 2371-2411.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Oct. 15, 1999: 2424-2497; 2508-2589.Applicant
Palmaz Deposition Testimony, Oct. 16, 1999; 2853-2860.Applicant
Tobor Deposition Testimony, Jun. 17, 1999: 837-958.Applicant
Tobor Deposition Testimony, Jun. 18, 1999: 1095-1184.Applicant
Tobor Deposition Testimony, Dec. 1, 1999: 1217-1371.Applicant
Tobor Deposition Testimony, Dec. 2, 1999: 1398-1414; 1444-1508; 1532-1548.Applicant
Tobor Deposition Testimony, Dec. 3, 1999: 1652-1653; 1662-1672; 1683-1694.Applicant
Kula Deposition Testimony, Apr. 20, 1999: 268-169.Applicant
Kula Deposition Testimony, Nov. 16, 1999: 660-675; 680-694; 7-8-755; 774-821.Applicant
Kula Deposition Testimony, Nov. 18, 1999; 176-223.Applicant
Expert Report of Dr. Rodney S. Badger on Behalf of Medtronic AVE, Inc. (Jan. 31, 2000).Applicant
Expert Report of Dr. Joseph Bonn on Behalf of Medtronic AVE, Inc. (Jan. 31, 2000).Applicant
Deposition of Dr. Joseph Bonn dated Mar. 14, 2000.Applicant
Rebuttal Expert Report of Nigel Buller, B.Sc., M.B., F.R.C.P. (Mar. 2000).Applicant
Second Supplement Rebuttal Expert Report of Nigel Buller, B.Sc., M.B., F.R.C.P. (Aug. 17, 2004).Applicant
Rebuttal Expert Report of John M. Collins, PH.D. (Feb. 2000).Applicant
Expert Report of David C. Cumberland, M.D. (Jan. 24, 2000).Applicant
Expert Report of John T. Goolkasian (Feb. 2000).Applicant
Deposition of Richard R. Heuser, M.D. (Sep. 7, 2004).Applicant
Deposition of Henry R. Piehler (Sep. 10, 2004).Applicant
Deposition of Ronald J. Solar (Mar. 22, 2000).Applicant
Deposition of Ronald J. Solar (Mar. 23, 2000).Applicant
Deposition of Ronald J. Solar (Apr. 12, 2000).Applicant
Expert Report of Dr. Arina Van Breda on Behalf of Medtronic AVE, Inc. (Jan. 31, 2000).Applicant
Deposition of Anna Van Breda (Mar. 24, 2000).Applicant
Deposition of Arina Van Breda (Aug. 21, 2004).Applicant
Expert Report of John F. Witherspoon (Jan. 24, 2000).Applicant
Supplemental Expert Report of John F. Witherspoon (Oct. 27, 2000).Applicant
Deposition of John F. Witherspoon (Mar. 8, 2000).Applicant
Palmaz et al., Article: “Normal and Stenotic Renal Arteries: Experimental Balloon Expandable Intraluminal Stenting”, Radiology, Sep. 1987. (AVE 84).Applicant
Julio C. Palmaz, Article: “Expandable vascular endoprosthesis.” (AVE 132).Applicant
Duprat et. al., Article: Flexible Balloon-Expandable Stent for Small Vessels Duprat et. al. Radiology, vol. 162, pp. 276-278, 1987. (AVE 134).Applicant
Coons et. al., Article: “Large-Bore, Long Biliary Endoprosthesis (Biliary Stents) for Improved Drainage,” Radiology, vol. 148, pp. 89-94, 1983. (AVE 143).Applicant
Honickman et al., Article: “Malpositioned Biliary Endoprostesis, Technical Developments And Instrumentation,” vol. 144, No. 2., 1982. (AVE 144).Applicant
Harries-Jones, et al., Article: “Repositioning of Biliary Endoprosthesis with Gruntzig Balloon Catheters,” AJR, vol. 138, pp. 771-772, 1982. (AVE 153).Applicant
Charnsangavej et al., Article “Stenosis of the Vena Cava: Preliminary Assessment of Treatment with Expandable Metallic Stents,” Radiology, vol. 161, pp. 295-298, 1986. (AVE 359).Applicant
Wallace, M. J. et al., Article “Tracheobronchial Tree: Expandable Metallic Stents Used in Experimental and Clinical Applications,” Radiology, vol. 158, pp. 309-312, 1986. (AVE 364).Applicant
T. Yoshioka, et al., AIR Article: “Self-Expanding Endovascular Graft: An Experimental Study in Dogs”, vol. 151, pp. 673-676, 1988. (AVE 438).Applicant
Palmaz, J. C. et al., Article: “Expandable Intraluminal Vascular Graft: A Feasibility Study,” Surgery, vol. 99, pp. 199-205, 1986. (AVE 461).Applicant
Lawrence et al., Article: “Percutaneous Endovescular Graft: Experimental Evaluation.” Radiology, vol. 163, pp. 357-360, 1987. (AVE 671).Applicant
Palmaz et al., Article: Expandable Intraluminal Graft: A Preliminary Study, Nov. 17-22, 1985, Radiology, vol. 156, pp. 73-77, 1985. (AVE 1224).Applicant
Fallone et al., “Elastic Characteristics of the Self-Expanding Metallic Stents,” Investigative Radiology, vol. 23, pp. 370-376, 1988. (AVE 1953).Applicant
Palmaz Paper Entitled “Research Project Expandable Vascular Endoprosthesis” May 18, 1983.Applicant
Rousseau , et al., Publication: “Percutaneous Vascular Stent: Experimental Studies & Preliminary Clinical Results in Peripheral Arterial Diseases,” in Inter. Angio, vol. 6, 153-161, 1987. (AVE 3301).Applicant
Rousseau , et al., Publication: “Self-Expanding Endovascular Prostesis; An Experimental Study,” Radiology, vol. 164, pp. 709-714, 1987. (AVE 3303).Applicant
Wallace, et al., Article: “Tracheobronchial Tree: Expandable Metallic Stents Used in Experimental and Clinical Applications,” Radiology, vol. 58, pp. 309-312, 1986. (DBX 2938).Applicant
Palmaz et al., Article: “Expandable Intraluminal Graft: A Preliminary Study,” Radiology, vol. 156, pp. 73-77, Nov. 17-22, 1985 (DBX 4595).Applicant
Program for the 12th Annual Course on Diagnostic Angiography and Interventional Radiology Mar. 23-26, 1987 sponsored by the Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology (DBX 6235).Applicant
Preliminary Motion for Judgment re: Wolff claims 1, 2-8, 10, 15 and 19 (DBX6759).Applicant
Palmaz Declaration (DBX 7069).Applicant
Letter from Gaterud to Dr. R. Palmaz dated Jul. 5, 1988 with attached document entitled: “Segmented, balloon-expandable stents.” (DBX 7160).Applicant
Duprat et al., Article: “Flexible Balloon-Expandable Stent For Small Vessels,” Radiology, vol. 168, pp. 276-278, 1987 (PX 82).Applicant
Drawing Sent to Bodic on Mar. 17, 1986 (PX 374).Applicant
Letter from Dr. Palmaz to R. Bowman enclosing a model of the flexible coronary graft dated Mar. 17, 1986 (PX 337).Applicant
Lab Notebook pages dated Jul. 30, 1987 from Rodney Wolff (Cor 185596-597) (PX621A).Applicant
Charnsangavej, et al., Article: “Stenosis of The Vena Cava Preliminary Assessment of Treatment with expandable Metallic Stents,” Radiology, vol. 161, No. 2, pp. 295-298 with attached photographs, 1986. (API 72).Applicant
J. Palmaz: The Current Status of Vascular Prostheses, published by SCIR in the Twelfth Annual Course on Diagnostic Angiography And Interventional Radiology Mar. 23-26, 1987. (API 73).Applicant
Amendment in Response to Office Action of Oct. 18, 1998 in re: Application of Julio Palmaz S/N 174,246. (API 152).Applicant
Article: Wallace, et al., Tracheobronchial Tree: Expandable Metallic Stents Used in Experimental and Clinical Applications Work In Progress, Radiology, vol. 158, pp. 309-312. (API 295).Applicant
Reply of Senior Party Schatz To Patentee Wolffs Opposition To The Belated Motion For Judgment Of Applicant Schatz With Regard To Wolff Claims 1, 2-8, 10, 1 1, 13-17, And 19 (COR 186450-455) (API 310).Applicant
Brief Of Senior Party Schatz At Final Hearing (API 313).Applicant
Letter from Ron Sickles to Ben Tobor dated Feb. 10, 1988 (Exhibit 42).Applicant
Letter from R.O. Sickles to Mike Tatlow dated May 12, 1988 (Exhibit 43).Applicant
Letter from R. O. Sickles to Richard Schatz dated Jun. 2, 1988 (Exhibit 44).Applicant
Letter from Richard Schatz to Raimund Erbel dated Jun. 3, 1988 (Exhibit 45).Applicant
Letter from Richard Schatz to Mike Schuler dated Aug. 29, 1991 (Exhibit 48).Applicant
Minutes of J&J Stent Project Review Meeting dated Jan. 21, 1988 (Exhibit 7).Applicant
Preliminary Motion for Judgment with Regard to Wolff Claims 1, 2-8, 10, 11, 13-17, and 19. (Exhibit 67).Applicant
Declaration of Richard A Schatz. (Exhibit 75).Applicant
Belated Motion for Judgement with Regard to Wolff Claims 1, 2-8, 10, 1 1, 13-17 and 19. (Schatz—Exhibit 77).Applicant
Letter from Dr. Schatz to Mr. Tobor, dated Jun. 3, 1988. (Exhibit 122).Applicant
Letter from Dr. Schatz to Mr. Romano, dated Nov. 28, 1988. (Exhibit 131).Applicant
Letter from Mr. Sickles to Mr. Tobor, dated Feb. 10, 1988 (Exhibit 145).Applicant
Richard A. Schatz, Article titled: “A View of Vascular Stents” Circulation, vol. 79, No. 2, pp. 445-457, 1989. (Exhibit 194).Applicant
Senior Party Schatz's reply to Patentee Wolffs Opposition to the Preliminary Motion Of Applicant Schatz for judgment with regard to Wolff Claims 1, 2-8, 10, 1 1, and 13-17. (Exhibit 69).Applicant
Wallace, et al., Article: “Tracheobronchial Tree: Expandable Metallic Stents Used in Experimental and Clinical Applications' Work In Progress,” Radiology, vol. 158, pp. 309-312, 1986. (Exhibit 165).Applicant
Charnsangavej, et al., Article: “Stenosis of The Vena Cava Preliminary Assessment of Treatment with expandable Metallic Stents,” Radioloby, vol. 161, No. 2, pp. 295-298 with attached photographs, 1986! (Exhibit 167).Applicant
David D. Lawrence et al., Publication: Percutaneous Endoyascular Graft: Experimental Evaluation1, Radiology pp. 163, 357-360, 1987. (Exhibit 173).Applicant
Charles E. Putnam, M.D., Cover and article from “Investigative Radiology”, vol. 23. No. 5, May 1988. (Exhibit 177).Applicant
Robert N. Berk, Cover and article from “American Journal of Roentology”, pp. 673-676, 1988. (Exhibit 178).Applicant
Declaration of John S. Kula Under 37 CFR § 1 .672. ( Kula—Exhibit 77).Applicant
Yoshioka et al., Article: “Self-Expanding Endovascular Graft: An Experimental Study in Dogs” AJR, vol. 151, pp. 673-676, 1988. (PX 100).Applicant
Palmaz, et al., Article: Expandable Intraluminal Graft: A Preliminary Study Work in Progress1, Radiology, vol. 156, No. 1, pp. 73-77, 1985. (PX 101).Applicant
Declaration of Richard Schatz Under 37 C.F.R. § 1.672. (PX 106).Applicant
Charnsangavej et al., Article: “Stenosis of the Vena Cave: Preliminary Assessment of Treatment with Expandable Metallic Stents,” Radiology, vol. 161, pp. 295-298, 1986. (PX 143).Applicant
Wallace, et al., Article: Tracheobronchial Tree: Expandable Metallic Stents Used in Experimental and Clinical Applications Work in Progress1, Radiology, vol. 158, pp. 309-312, 1986. (PX 144).Applicant
Gina Kolata, News Article: NY Times, “Devices That Opens Clogged Arteries Gets a Falling Grade in a New Study”, pp. 16-18, Jan. 3, 1991. (PX 186).Applicant
Duprat, et al., Article: “Flexible Balloon—Expanded Stent for Small Vessels Work in Progress1”, Radiology, vol. 62, pp. 276-278, 1987. (PX 207).Applicant
Letter from Palmaz to Bowman dated Mar. 17, 1986. (PX 350).Applicant
Memo re: Minutes of Stent Project Review—San Antonia—Mar. 15, 1988. (PX 651).Applicant
Kuntz, et al., Article: Clinical Cardiology Frontiers: “Defining Coronary Restenosis, Newer Clinical and Angiographic Paradigms”, Circulation, Sep. 1993, vol. 88, No. 3, pp. 1310-1323. (PX 854).Applicant
Belated Motion for Judgment with regard to Wolff Claims1, 2-8, 10, 11, 13-17, and 19. (PX 1410).Applicant
Drawing of Sprial Stent (sent to Bodic Mar. 17, 1986). (PX2933).Applicant
Wright et al., Article: “Percutaneous Endovascular Stents: An Experimental Evaluation,” Radiology, vol. 156, pp. 69-72, 1985. (PX 3093).Applicant
Charnsangavej et al., Article: “A New Expandable Metallic Stent for Dilation of Stenotic Tubular Structures: Experimental and Clinical Evaluation,” Houston Medical Journal, vol. 3, pp. 41-51, Jun. 1987. (PX 3207).Applicant
In re Application of Wiktor, Appln. No. 69,636, Response to Office Action dated Mar. 17, 1988. (PX3236).Applicant
Transmittal Letter of Response to First Office Action in ′417 patent. (PX 3993).Applicant
Letter from B. Tobor to R. Schatz dated Jul. 23, 1991. (PX 3996).Applicant
Mullins et al., Article: “Implantation of balloon—expandable intravascular grafts by catherization in pulmonary arteries and systemic veins,” Circulation, vol. 77, No. 1, pp. 188-189, 1988. (PX4049).Applicant
Schatz et al., Article: “Intravascular Stents for Angioplasty,” Cardio, 1997. (PX 4050).Applicant
Schatz et al., Article: “New Technology in Angioplasty Balloon—Expandable Intravascular Stents, New Developments in Medicine,” vol. 2, No. 2 pp. 59-75, 1987. (PX4051).Applicant
Richard A. Schatz, Article: “Introduction to Intravascular Stents,” Cardiology Clinics, vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 357-372, 1988. (PX 4052).Applicant
Richard A. Schatz, Article: “A View of Vascular Stents,” Circulation, vol. 79, No. 2, pp. 445-457, 1989. (PX4053).Applicant
Wang et al., Article: “An Update on Coronary Stents,” Cardio, pp. 177-186, 1992. (PX 4054).Applicant
Richard A. Schatz, Article: “New Technology in Angioplasty: Balloon-Expandable Starts,” Medicamundi, vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 1 12-1 16, 1988. (PX 4055).Applicant
Letter from Tobor to Schatz dated Sep. 29, 1988. (PX1395).Applicant
Verified Statement of Facts by Unnamed Inventor R.A. Schatz document filed in U.S. Patent and Trademark Office on Sep. 8, 1989. (PX 3677).Applicant
Declaration of John S. Kula Under 37 CFR § 1.672 (Exhibit 329).Applicant
Letter to Mike Schular from R.A. Schatz dated Aug. 29, 1991. (Exhibit 402).Applicant
Articulated, Balloon—Expandable Stents, (DBX 7159).Applicant
J. Rosch et al., Experimental Intrahepatic Portacaval Anastomosis: Use of Expandable Gianturco Stents, Radiology, vol. 162, pp. 481-485, 1987.Applicant
J. Rosch et al., Modified Gianturco Expandable Wire Stents In Experimental and Clinical Use, Ann Radiol, vol. 31, No. 2, pp. 100-103, 1987.Applicant
J. Rosch et al., Gianturco Expandable Stents In the Treatment of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Recurring After Vena Cava Syndrome Recurring After Maximum-Tolerance Radiation, Cancer, vol. 60, pp. 1243-1246, 1987.Applicant
I.E. Gordon, Structures or Why Things Don't Fall Down, Penguin Books, pp. 45-59, 132-148, 210-244,377-383.Applicant
Maass et al., Radiological Follow-up of Transluminally Inserted Vascular Endoprostheses: An Experimental Study Using Expanding Spirals, Radiology, vol. 152, pp. 659-663, 1984.Applicant
Argument submitted re EP 861 15473 dated Jan. 20, 1995. (AVE 2478).Applicant
Verified Statement of Facts by Julio C. Palmaz dated Aug. 4, 1989. (PX 3662).Applicant
Papanicolaou et al., Insertion of a Biliary Endoprosthesis Using A Balloon Dilatation Catheter, Gastrointest Radiology, vol. 10, pp. 394-396, 1985.Applicant
Palmaz et al., Atheroscierotic Rabbit Aortas; Expandable Intraluminal Grafting, Radiology, vol. 168, pp. 723-726, 1986.Applicant
Palmaz, The Current Status of Vascular Prostheses; Rosch et al., Gianturco, Expandable Stents in Experimental and Clinical Use, SCIVR, pp. 1 18-124, 1987.Applicant
Rosch et al., Abstract: Modified Gianturco Expandable Wire Stents in Experimental and Clinical Use, CIRSE, Porto Cervo, Sardinia, May 25-29, 1987.Applicant
Rosch et al., Gianturco Expandable Wire Stents in the Treatment of Superior Vena Cava Syndrome Recurring After Maximum-Tolerance Radiation, Cancer, vol. 60, pp. 1243-1246, 1987.Applicant
Mirich et al., Percutaneously Placed Endovascular Grafts for Aortic Aneurysms: Feasibility Study, Radiology, vol. 170, pp. 1033-1037, 1989.Applicant
Dotter, Transluminally-placed Coilspring Endarterial Tube Grafts, Investigative Radiology, vol. 4, Sep.-Oct., pp. 329-332, 1969.Applicant
Palmaz et al., Abstract: Expandable Intraluminal Graft: A Preliminary Study, Radiology, vol. 153 (P), Nov. 1983: 70th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting.Applicant
Cragg et al, Nonsurgical Placement of Arterial Endoprostheses: A New Technique Using Nitinol Wire, Radiology, vol. 147, pp. 261-263, Apr. 1983.Applicant
J. Rosch et al., Gianturco Expandable Stents in Experimental and Clinical Use, Program: “Twelfth Annual Course on Diagnostic Angiography and Interventional Radiology” (Society of Cardiovascular and Interventional Radiology, Pittsburgh, PA), Mar. 23-26, 1987 (the second Monofilament Article).Applicant
Uchida et al., Modifications of Gianturco Expandable Wire Stents, AIR, vol. 150, pp. 1185-1187, 1988.Applicant
Palmaz, Balloon-Expandable Intravascular Stent, AJR, vol. 1510, pp. 1263-1269.Applicant
Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., Guidant Corporation, Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc., Boston Scientific Corporation and SCMED Life Systems, Inc., Plaintiffs Complaint, Oct. 23, 1997 (Case No. 97-550-SLR).Applicant
Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc. v. Cordis Corporation, Johnson & Johnson and Expandable-Grafts Partnership, Plaintiffs First Amended Complaint for Declaratory Relief of Patent Validity, Unenforceability, Noninfiingement, and for Antitrust Violations, Jan. 27, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-700).Applicant
Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc. v. Cordis Corporation, Johnson & Johnson and Expandable-Grafts Partnership, Cordis Corporation and Johnson & Johnson's Answer and Counterclaim, Feb. 27, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-700-SLR).Applicant
Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc. v. Cordis Corporation, Johnson & Johnson and Expandable-Grafts Partnership, Expandable-Graft Partnership's Answer, Feb. 27, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-700-SLR).Applicant
Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc. v. Cordis Corporation, Johnson & Johnson and Expandable-Grafts Partnership, Reply of Plaintiff Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc. To Counterclaims of Defendant Cordis Corporation, Mar. 31, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-700-SLR).Applicant
Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc. v. Cordis Corporation, Johnson & Johnson and Expandable-Grafts Partnership, Reply of Plaintiff Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc. To Counterclaims of Defendant Expandable Grafts Partnership, Mar. 31, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-700-SLR).Applicant
Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. and Guidant Corporation, Cordis Corporation's Motion for a Preliminary Injunction, Oct. 8, 1997 (Civil Action No. 97-550).Applicant
Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., Guidant Corporation Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc., Boston Scientific Corporation and SCJJVIED, Inc., Cordis 's Motion for Preliminary Injuction Against Arterial Vascular Engineering, Inc., Dec. 29, 1997 (Case No. 97-550-SLR).Applicant
Deposition of R. Schatz, M.D. in Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., taken on Jan. 8, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Deposition of Lee P. Bendel in Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., taken on Jan. 22, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Deposition of Julio Cesar Palmaz in Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., taken on Dec. 29, 1997 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Deposition of Richard A. Bowman in Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., taken on Jan. 9, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Deposition of Gary Schneiderman in Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., taken on Jan. 16, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Deposition of David Pearle, M.D. in Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., taken on Jul. 10, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Preliminary Injuction hearing testimony taken on Feb. 9-13, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., et al., (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR) and Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. Et al. (Civil Action No. 98-65-SLR), Opening Post Hearing Brief of Plaintiff Cordis Corporation in Support of Motion for Preliminary Injuction, Mar. 6, 1998 (Portions relevant to patent claim construction and patent validity issues).Applicant
Cordis Corporation and Expandable Grafts Partnership v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. et al., Post-Hearing Reply Brief of Plaintiff Cordis Corporation in Support of Its Motion for Preliminary Injuction, Apr. 10, 1998 (Case No. 97-550 SLR) (Portions relevant to patent validity issues).Applicant
Cordis Corporation and Expandable Grafts Partnership v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. et al., Plaintiffs Motion for a Preliminary Injuction Against Boston Scientific Corporation and SCLMED Life Systems, Inc. And Memorandum in Support, Apr. 13, 1998 (Case No. 97-550-SLR).Applicant
Cordis Corporation and Expandable Grafts Partnership v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., et al., Judge Robinson's Order Denying Plaintiffs Motion for a Preliminary Injunction, Jul. 17, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550 SLR).Applicant
Cordis Corporation and Expandable Grafts Partnership v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc., et al., Defendant Boston Scientific Corporation and SCTMED Life Systems, Inc.'s Motion for Summary Judgment of Invalidity of U.S. Patent No. 5,102,417, Aug. 27, 1998 (Civil Action No. 97-550-SLR).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Expandable Grafts Partnership, Plaintiffs' Statement of Claim, Mar. 13, 1997 (UK Action No. 1493).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Expandable Grafts Partnership, Defendant's Amended Defense and Counterclaim, Aug. 14, 1997 (UK Action No. 1493).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Expandable Grafts Partnership, Petition for Revocation, Mar. 13, 1997 (UK Action No. 1497).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Expandable Grafts Partnership, Particulars of Objections, Mar. 13, 1997 (UK Action No. 1497).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Expandable Grafts Partnership and Boston Scientific Limted et al., v. Julio C. Palmaz, Boston's Skeleton Argument (UK Action Nos. 1493, 1495, 1496, and 1497).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Julio C. Palmaz and Expandable Grafts Partnership, Skeleton Argument of Palmaz/EGP, Mar. 19, 1998 (UK Action Nos. 1493, 1495, 1496 and 1497).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Julio C. Palmaz and Expandable Grafts Partnership, EGP's Final Submissions, Apr. 2, 1998 (UK Action Nos. 1493, 1495, 1496 and 1497).Applicant
Boston Scientific Limited, et al. v. Julio C. Palmaz and Expandable Grafts Partnership, Judgment, Jun. 26, 1998 (UK Action Nos. 1493, 1495, 1496 and 1497).Applicant
Rosch, Modified Gianturco Expandable Wire Stents in Experimental and Clinical Use, CJJR.SE 1987 Presentation: see Witness Statement of Josef Rosch from U.K. Proceeding.Applicant
Statement of Claim By Boston Scientific et al. against Expandable Grafts Partnership et al., in EPG et al., v. Boston Scientific et al. in Netherlands (Mar. 13, 1997).Applicant
Motion for Joinder of Actions, Change of Claim and Statement of Claim filed by Expandable Grafts Partnership et al. in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al. In Netherlands (Apr. 22, 1997).Applicant
Opinion of K.J. Merman filed in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al. in Netherlands (Aug. 29, 1997).Applicant
Expert report of Dr. Nigel Buller in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al. in Netherlands (Aug. 28, 1997).Applicant
Expert report of Lee P. Bendel in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al. in Netherlands (Aug. 28, 1997).Applicant
Memorandum of Oral Pleading in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al. in Netherlands (Sep. 12, 1997).Applicant
Plea Notes of P. A.M. in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al. in Netherlands (Mar. 10, 1998).Applicant
Decision of Court of Appeals in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al. in Netherlands (Apr. 23, 1998).Applicant
Translation of Nullity Action Against EPO 0 364 787 by Biotronik in Germany.Applicant
Translation of Nullity Action Against EPO 0 335 341 by Biotronik in Germany.Applicant
Translation of EPG Response to Nullity Action Against EP 0 364 787 by Biotronik in Germany.Applicant
Translation of EPG Response to Nullity Action EP 0 335 341 by Biotronik in Germany.Applicant
Nullity Suit Against EP-B1-0 335 341 Brought by Boston Scientific in Germany.Applicant
Translation of Opposition filed by Terumo Corp. Against Japan Patent No. 2680901.Applicant
Translation of Decision on Opposition Against Japan Patent No. 2680901.Applicant
Memorandum Order of the Court dated Sep. 7, 2000, concerning disputed claim constuction.Applicant
Translation of Judgment in Nullity Action Against EP 0 364 787 by Biotronik in Germany.Applicant
Translaion of Judgment in Nullity Action Against EP 0 335 341 by Biotronik in Germany.Applicant
Trial transcript from Mar. 17, 2005 at 171-172, 191-192.Applicant
Trial transcript from Mar. 18, 2005 at 282-285, 325-327, 349-351.Applicant
Trial transcript from Mar. 21, 2005 at 721-726.Applicant
Trial transcript from Mar. 24, 2005 at 1387.Applicant
Trial transcript from Jul. 26, 2005.Applicant
BSC's Opening Brief in Support of Its Motion for Judgment as a Matter of Law or, in the Alternative, for a New Trial, dated Mar. 16, 2001.Applicant
Cordis' Answering Brief in Opposition to BSC's Motion for JMOL or a New Trial on the Palmaz ′762 Patent and the Schatz ′332 Patents, dated Apr. 17, 2001.Applicant
BSC's Reply Brief in Support of Its Motion for Judgment as a Matter of Law or, in the Alternative, for a New Trial, dated May 11, 2001.Applicant
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Boston Scientific SCIMED, Inc. and Boston Scientific Corporation v. Cordis Corporation and Johnson and Johnson, Inc., Opening Expert Report of Stephen R. Hanson, Ph.D. (Civil Action No. 03-283-SLR).Applicant
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Cordis Corporation v. Boston Scientific Corporation (CA. No. 03-27-SLR) and Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc., v. Cordis Corporation and Johnson & Johnson, Incorporated (CA. No. 03-283-SLR) Hearing Transcripts for Jul. 21, 2003, Jul. 22, 2003, Jul. 23, 2003.Applicant
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Cordis Corporation v. Boston Scientific Corporation et al. (CA. No. 03-027-SLR), and Boston Scientific Scimed, Inc. et al. v. Cordis Corporation et al (CA. No. 03-283-SLR), Deposition Transcript of Julio C. Palmaz.Applicant
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Plea Notes in EPG et al. v. Boston Scientific et al.in Netherlands (Sep. 12, 1997).Applicant
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Jury verdict form from the Cordis Corporation et al. v. Medtronic AVE, Inc. et al. liability trial.Applicant
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Cordis Corporation v. Metronic Ave., Inc., et al, OPINION, 97-550-SLR, dated Mar. 28, 2002.Applicant
Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. et al. (CA. No. 97-550-SLR), Medtronic AVE, Inc. v. Cordis Corporation et al. (CA. No. 97-700-SLR), Boston Scientific Corporation v. Athicon, Inc. etal(CA. No. 98-19-SLR), Expert Report of John T. Goolkasian, Esq.Applicant
Cordis Corporation v. Advanced Cardiovascular Systems, Inc. et al. (CA. No. 97-550-SLR), Medtronic A VE, Inc. v. Cordis Corporation et al (CA. No. 97-700-SLR), Boston Scientific Corporation v. Athicon, Inc. et al (CA. 98-19-SLR), Expert Report of John F. Witherspoon.Applicant