US 6,792,503 B2Grant
Disk storage accessing system and method for changing access path to storage devices
Issue Date:2004-09-14
•15 Claims
•7 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
In one embodiment of the invention, a disk storage accessing system for enabling a plurality of computers to share and access a plurality of disk storage comprises a plurality of computers that refer to the disk storage. Each of the computers includes a counting module for counting a frequency of access to each of the disk storage, and a module for receiving an access path change command to change access paths for the computer to access a different disk storage according to the command. The system further comprises an instructing module for collecting and totaling a frequency of accesses to each disk storage, as counted by the counting module of each of the computers, as well as instructing a particular disk storage as a copy source disk storage to copy content in the copy source disk storage into one or more other disk storage as one or more target disk storage when the totaled access frequency is higher than a predetermined value, and for instructing the receiving module of a computer that accesses the copy source disk storage after receiving a report of copy completion, to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of the copy source disk storage.
Metadata
Assignee
- Hitachi, Ltd.
Inventors
- Yuji Yagi
- Motoaki Hirabayashi
Application Information
Application Number:US 10/003,095
Filing Date:2001-12-06
Priority Date:2001-12-06
Art Unit:7
Classifications
IPC:
G06F 1200G06F 1300
Field of Search:
711112711114711165
Patent Drawings (7 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
[0002] 1. Field of the Invention
[0003] The present invention relates to the accesses to SAN (Storage Area Network) disk storage, more specifically to an accessing system for disk storage that disperses the access load of each of those disk storage.
[0004] 2. Description of Related Art
[0005] There is a well-known method in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) JP 2000-099272 for sharing disk storage among a plurality of computers connected to those storage via a dedicated network such as fiber channel.
[0006] This technique is referred to as storage area network (SAN), which assures the high freedom in assignment of disk storage and computers so that a computer can be assigned to any of necessary disk storage areas flexibly.
[0007] In recent years, information handling systems that are accessed via the Internet are considered increasingly to be important. In particular, many computer systems have come to be built as Web servers for supplying various kinds of contents.
[0008] Such a Web server often includes an unspecific number of client computers, and accordingly it is accessed so frequently that it is difficult to estimate the peak time of accesses.
[0009] Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) JP 10-271447 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication (Kokai) JP 10-069467 disclose well-known methods for dispersing accesses to such a computer system so as to solve the above problem.
[0010] The JP 10-271447 reference discloses a technique for dividing for dispersing accesses in which each content is divided into small pieces so as to be stored in a plurality of disk storage.
[0011] In this case, the access load in proportion to the number of disk storage can be dispersed, but the technique cannot cope with accesses over an estimated value.
[0012] The JP 10-69467 also discloses a technique also for dispersing the access load with use of a plurality of server computers, but it is still difficult to disperse the load of each disk storage.
[0013] The SAN enables a plurality of computers to share a plurality of disk storage, but it cannot maintain its performance when the number of computers increases excessively, since the load of each of the shared disk storage increases.
Brief Summary of the Invention
[0014] Under the circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide a method for dispersing the access load of each disk storage, which can correspond to changes of the load of a disk storage on which accesses are concentrated from a plurality of the computers in the SAN.
[0015] In accordance with an aspect of the invention, a disk storage accessing system for enabling a plurality of computers to share an access a plurality of disk storage comprises a plurality of computers that refer to the disk storage, and a module for receiving an access path change command to change access paths for the computer to access a different disk storage according to the command. The system further comprises an instructing module for collecting and totaling a frequency of access to each disk storage, as counted by the counting module of each of the computers, as well as instructing a particular disk storage as a copy source disk storage to copy content in the copy source disk storage into one or more other disk storage as one or more target disk storage when the totaled access frequency is higher than a predetermined value, and for instructing the receiving module of a computer that accesses the copy source disk storage after receiving a report of copy completion, to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of the copy source disk storage.
[0016] When instructing a computer that accesses a copy source disk to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage from the source disk storage, the instruction is directed to the computer that is the highest in the access frequency to the source disk storage.
[0017] When data in the copy source disk storage is updated, the updated data is copied into one or more of the target disk storage.
Brief Description of the Drawings
[0018] FIG. 1 is an overall block diagram of a disk access management system of the present invention.
[0019] FIG. 2 is a flowchart of the processings executed by a resource monitoring/management unit of the present invention.
[0020] FIG. 3 is a flowchart of the processings executed by a SAN controller of the present invention.
[0021] FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the processings executed by a disk storage unit (DKU) controller of the present invention.
[0022] FIG. 5 is a flowchart of the processings executed by a resource monitoring unit of the present invention.
[0023] FIG. 6 is a flowchart of the processings executed by a logical unit (LU) change controller of the present invention.
[0024] FIG. 7 is a flowchart of the processings executed in an access frequency measurement unit of the present invention.
[0025] FIG. 8 is an example of the format of the LU change table of a computer that accesses the SAN according to the present invention.
[0026] FIG. 9 is an example of the format of the access frequency management table of a management computer according to the present invention.
[0027] FIG. 10 is an example of the screen for displaying an access frequency totaled by the management computer according to the present invention.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
[0028] Hereunder, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0029] FIG. 1 shows an overall block diagram of a disk storage access management system of the present invention.
[0030] This system is composed of a management computer (100); a SAN management computer (110) for managing a SAN (140); and a SAN reference computer 1 (120) and a SAN reference computer 2 (130) for accessing SAN disk storage respectively. The management computer (100) is connected to the SAN management computer (110), the SAN reference computer 1 (120), and the SAN reference computer 2 (130) via a LAN (170) respectively.
[0031] The system of the present invention controls accesses to each SAN (140) disk storage by enabling the management computer (100) to manage the frequency of accesses to each disk storage from each of the SAN reference computer 1 (120) and the SAN reference computer 2 (130).
[0032] The management computer (100) is provided with a resource monitoring/management unit (101) for managing the disk storage access frequency in each of the SAN reference computer 1 (120) and the SAN reference computer 2 (130), as well as an access frequency management table (103) used for managing the disk storage access frequency and a SAN controller (102) for issuing requests to the SAN. FIG. 1 shows another embodiment in which the access frequency management table (103) is not part of the management computer (100).
[0033] The SAN management computer (110) is provided with a DKU controller for instructing copying or deleting a DKU volume according to the request from the SAN controller.
[0034] Each of the SAN reference computer 1 (120) and the SAN reference computer 2 (130) is provided with an application program (122)/(132) used to access disk storage of the SAN (140); a LU (Logical Unit) change controller (123/133) used to control the disk storage access path of the application program (122/132); an LU change table (125/135) used to manage the disk storage access path; an access frequency measurement unit (124/134) used to count the frequency of accesses to each disk storage; and a resource monitoring unit (121/131) used to answer the disk storage access frequency information to the resource monitoring/management unit (101).
[0035] A plurality of disk storage units are connected to the SAN (140) and each of those disk storage units is provided with a DKC (disk storage controller)(151/161); a disk storage volume controller (152/162) used to control the disk volume (logical volume) and a disk storage unit (DKU)(153/163), which is an actual disk storage.
[0036] FIG. 2 shows a flowchart of the processings executed by the resource monitoring/management unit (101).
[0037] The resource monitoring/management unit (101) inquiries the resource monitoring unit (121/131) periodically about an access frequency for each disk storage unit (step 200) and totals the access frequency data of the disk storage unit obtained from the resource monitoring unit (121/131) (step 202) in the access frequency management table (103).
[0038] When the access frequency of a disk storage is over a predetermined high threshold value as determined in (step 204), the resource monitoring/management unit (101) requests the SAN controller (102) to copy the disk volume into one or more other disk storage units (step 206).
[0039] When the disk storage unit access frequency is less than or equal to a predetermined low threshold value (step 208) and the target data is already copied in one or more disk storage units (step 210), the resource monitoring/management unit (101) requests the SAN controller (102) to delete the disk volume from one or more of the disk storage units (step 214).
[0040] In other cases, the resource monitoring/management unit (101) executes no operation (step 212).
[0041] FIG. 3 shows a flowchart of the processings executed by the SAN controller (102).
[0042] The SAN controller (102), when receiving a request from the resource monitoring/management unit (101)(step 300), determines the requested processing (step 302).
[0043] When the request is a volume copy one, the SAN controller (102) requests the DKU controller (111) to copy the disk volume into one or more other disk storage units (step 304).
[0044] Receiving a report on completion of the volume copying from the DKU controller (111), the SAN controller (102) requests the LU change controller (135) of the SAN reference computer 2 (13) that has accessed the disk unit most frequently to change access paths so as to access the target disk storage Y from the copy source disk storage X (step 308).
[0045] For example, when there are three or more SAN reference computers, the access path of the SAN reference computer that has accessed the subject disk unit most frequently is changed to another so as to average the access frequencies of the paths.
[0046] When the request is a volume deletion one, the SAN controller (102) requests the LU change controller (135) of the SAN reference computer 2 (130) to change access paths so as to access the disk storage X (copy source) from the target disk storage Y (step 310).
[0047] After that, the SAN controller (102) requests the DKU controller (111) to delete the target disk volume (step 312).
[0048] Because the main object of the present invention is to refer to contents in Web servers, etc., copied data in disk storage are not updated directly from any SAN reference computer.
[0049] When data in the disk storage X (copy source) is updated, the data is copied from the disk storage X (copy source) into the target disk storage Y again according to a command issued to the subject SAN management computer. When there are a plurality of target disk storage, data in the copy source disk storage X is copied again into those disk storage.
[0050] FIG. 4 shows a flowchart of the processings executed by the DKU controller (111).
[0051] The DKU controller (111), when receiving a request from the SAN controller (102) (step 400), determines the requested processing (step 402).
[0052] When the request is a volume copy request, the DKU controller (111) issues a volume copy request to the DKC (151) (step 404).
[0053] When receiving a report on completion of the volume copying from the DKC (151) (step 406), the DKU controller (111) reports the completion of the volume copying to the SAN controller (102) that is the request source (step 408).
[0054] When the request is a volume deletion one, the DKC controller (111) issues a disk storage unit volume deletion request to the DKC (151) (step 410).
[0055] FIG. 5 shows a flowchart of the processings executed by the resource monitoring unit (121/131).
[0056] The resource monitoring unit (121/131), when receiving an inquiry from the resource monitoring/management unit (101) (step 500), obtains an access frequency of the target disk storage from the access frequency counter (124/134) (step 502).
[0057] The resource monitoring unit (121/131) then sends the obtained data to the resource monitoring/management unit (101) (step 504).
[0058] FIG. 6 shows a flowchart of the processings executed by the LU change controller (123/133).
[0059] The LU change controller (123/133), when receiving a request (step 600), determines the requested processing (step 602).
[0060] When the request is an LU change table updating one, the LU change controller (123/133) updates the LU change table (125/135) and changes access paths so as to access another disk storage (step 604).
[0061] When the request is a disk storage access one from an application program, the LU change controller (123/133) searches in the LU change table (125/135) so as to decide a new disk storage access path (step 606).
[0062] The LU change controller (123/135) then sends an access request to the DKC corresponding to the decided access path (step 608).
[0063] FIG. 7 shows a flowchart of the processings executed by the access frequency measurement unit.
[0064] The access frequency counter (124/134), when receiving an access frequency obtaining request (step 700), calculates an access frequency from each disk storage access count or the accessed data amount count data of each disk storage (step 702) and sends the calculated access frequency to the request source (step 704).
[0065] FIG. 8 shows a format of the LU change table (125/135).
[0066] An LU change table is a table on correspondence between each LU number accessed by an application program and a DKU number, which denotes a target disk storage.
[0067] In the initial state, the LU change table of the SAN reference computer 1 defines X as the DKU number corresponding to the LU number 1 (row 801) and Y as the DKU number corresponding to the LU number 2(row 802).
[0068] The LU change table of the SAN reference computer 2 defines X as the DKU number corresponding to the LU number 1, but the DKU number is changed from X to Y when an access frequency at volume copying exceeds a predetermined high threshold value (row 811).
[0069] The DKU number corresponding to the LU number 2 (row 812) is Z.
[0070] FIG. 9 shows a format of the access frequency management table (103).
[0071] The access frequency management table is used to manage access frequency data collected from SAN disk storage of each computer.
[0072] For example, the access frequency management table manages the access frequency of the disk storage with DKU number X, which is obtained from the SAN reference computer 1 (row 901), as well as the access frequency of another disk storage with DKU number X, which is obtained from the SAN reference computer 2 (row 902).
[0073] FIG. 10 shows an example of access frequencies displayed on a screen.
[0074] The access frequency data managed as shown in FIG. 9 and displayed in FIG. 10 is totaled for each disk storage.
[0075] The access frequency of each disk storage is displayed with respect to each data collecting time.
[0076] The screen in FIG. 10 also shows the minimum value, the maximum value, and the average value of each collected access frequency data.
[0077] While the embodiment of the present invention has been described, the DKU controller in the SAN management computer shown in FIG. 1 may also be moved into a management computer as a component in another embodiment thereof.
[0078] Furthermore, instead of the management computer and the SAN management computer shown in FIG. 1, the system may be provided with just one mean that includes the SAN controller, the resource monitoring/management unit, and the access frequency management table that are all included in the management computer, as well as the DKU controller that is included in the SAN management computer.
[0079] The above means may be provided only in one of a plurality of the SAN reference computers.
[0080] According to the present invention, therefore, it is possible to disperse the load of each disk storage accessed from a plurality of computers so as to cope with changes of the load flexibly.
Claims
Certificate of Correction present
The claims shown below may not include correction changes. Use the corrected PDF for authoritative text.
What is claimed is:
1. A disk storage accessing system for enabling a plurality of computers to share and access a plurality of disk storage, said system comprising:
a plurality of computers that refer to said disk storage, each of said computers including counting means for counting a frequency of accesses to each of said disk storages; and means for receiving an access path change command to change access paths for said computer to access a different disk storage according to said command; and
instructing means for collecting and totaling a frequency of accesses to each disk storage, as counted by the counting means of each of said computers, as well as instructing a particular disk storage as a copy source disk storage to copy content in said copy source disk storage into one or more other disk storage as one or more target disk storages when said totaled access frequency is higher than a predetermined value, and for instructing the receiving means of a computer that accesses said copy source disk storage after receiving a report of copy completion, to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of said copy source disk storage.
2. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 1, wherein said instructing means, when instructing a computer that accesses said copy source disk storage to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage from said copy source disk storage, issues an access path change command to a computer that has accessed said copy source disk storage most frequently.
3. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 1, wherein said instructing means for said system is provided in any one of said computers.
4. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 1, wherein said instructing means, when data in said copy source disk storage is updated, enables said data to be copied from said copy source disk storage into said one or more target disk storage.
5. A disk storage accessing system for enabling a plurality of computers to share and access a plurality of disk storage, said system comprising:
a plurality of computers that refer to said disk storage; and
a management computer;
wherein each of said computers that refer to said disk storages comprises counting means for counting a frequency of accesses to each of said disk storages; and
wherein said management computer comprises means for collecting and totaling a frequency of accesses to each disk storage, as counted by the counting means of each of said computers, and means for instructing a particular disk storage as a copy source disk storage to copy data in said copy source disk storage into one or more other disk storage as one or more target disk storages when said totaled access frequency is higher than a predetermined value and instructing a computer that accesses said copy source disk storage after receiving a report on completion of said copying, to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of said copy source disk storage.
6. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 5, wherein said instructing means, when instructing a computer that accesses said copy source disk storage to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of said copy source disk storage, issues said instruction to a computer that has accessed said copy source disk storage most frequently.
7. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 5, wherein said instructing means, when data in said copy source disk storage is updated, enables said updated data to be copied from said copy source disk storage into said one or more target disk storages.
8. A disk storage accessing system for enabling a plurality of computers to share and access a plurality of disk storages, said system comprising:
a plurality of computers that refer to said disk storages;
a first management computer; and
a second management computer;
wherein each of said computers that refer to said disk storages comprises counting means for counting a frequency of accesses to each of said disk storages;
wherein said first management computer comprises means for collecting and totaling a frequency of accesses to each disk storage, as counted by the counting means of each of said computers and sending a copy command to said second management computer so as to copy said data from a particular disk storage as a copy source disk storage into one or more other disk storages as one or more target disk storages when said totaled access frequency is higher than a predetermined value;
wherein said second management computer comprises second instructing means that, when receiving said copy command, instructs said copy source disk storage to copy data in said copy source disk storage into said one or more target disk storages; and
wherein said first management computer comprises first instructing means that, when receiving a report on completion of said copying from said second management computer, instructs a computer that accesses said copy source disk storage to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of said copy source disk storage.
9. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 8, wherein said first instructing means, when instructing a computer that accesses said copy source disk storage to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of said copy source disk storage, send said command to a computer that has accessed said copy source disk storage most frequently.
10. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 8, wherein said second instructing means, when data in said copy source disk storage is updated, enables said data to be copied from said copy source disk storage into said one or more target disk storages.
11. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 5, wherein each of said computers that refer to said disk storages comprises means for receiving an access path change command from said management computer to change access paths and access a target disk storage according to said command.
12. The disk storage accessing system according to claim 8, wherein each of said computers that refer to said disk storages comprises means for receiving an access path change command from said first management computer so as to change access paths and access a target disk storage according to said command.
13. A disk storage accessing method comprising:
totaling a frequency of accesses to each of a plurality of disk storages by a plurality of computers;
instructing a particular disk storage as a copy source disk storage to copy content in the copy source disk storage into one or more other disk storages as one or more target disk storages when the access frequency is higher than a predetermined value; and
upon completion of copying the content in the copy source disk storage into the one or more target disk storages, instructing a computer that accesses the copy source disk storage to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of the copy source disk storage.
14. The method according to claim 13, wherein instructing a computer that accesses the copy source disk storage to change access paths comprises instructing a computer that has accessed the copy source disk storage most frequently to change access paths so as to access a target disk storage instead of the copy source disk storage.
15. The method according to claim 13, further comprising, when data in the copy source disk storage is updated, copying the updated data from the copy source disk storage into the one or more target disk storages.
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