Apparatus and method for measuring the maximum speed of a runner over a prescribed distance

[0002] The present invention is a continuation-in-part and claims priority of, U.S. Non Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 09/732,321 filed on Dec. 7, 2000, having the same title as the present invention, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] 1. Field of the Invention

[0004] The present invention generally relates to pedometers and, more particularly, to an apparatus and method for measuring the maximum speed of a runner over a prescribed distance.

[0005] 2. Description of the Related Art

[0006] Today, it is not uncommon for shoes to include entertaining and functional electronics. The electronics usually include a simple timing circuit and/or a movement-sensitive switch, a battery, and an array of LED-type lights. The electronic circuit of the type typically found in popular shoes today is used to illuminate the LEDs either at regular (or predetermined) intervals, or whenever the shoes are moved a predetermined degree, such as when the wearer walks, jumps, or runs. It appears that the primary purpose of the lighting circuit located in today's shoes is to entertain both the wearer of the shoes, and those in the vicinity. It also appears that the timing circuit and/or the movement-sensitive switch are experiencing increased use in determining the number of steps taken by a wearer of the shoe while walking, jumping or running.

[0007] Along with life style changes to increase personal health, the importance of walking is being emphasized to a greater extent. Many people wear a pedometer during routine daily exercise. While wearing the pedometer, a person can learn how many steps they took on a given day or during a specific time interval. With this information, the user can set their own target step count. By achieving this step count on a daily or regular basis, the user can maintain their physical health by walking and/or exercising in accordance with the target step count.

[0008] U.S. Pat. No. 6,021,351 to Kadhiresan et al. discloses an apparatus and method for assessing the effectiveness of changes in therapy upon a patient's well-being. According to this reference, the method involves the steps of affixing to the patient one or more sensors for sensing a parameter related to the patient's level of activity and for providing an electrical output signal corresponding to the activity level. The sensor produces a raw accelerometer output signal which is proportional to body movement of the patient. The output signal is sampled and filtered to insure that noise due to heart sounds and respiration are effectively removed from the accelerometer output signal. The absolute value of the accelerometer signal is then obtained and rectified and provided to an averager circuit to eliminate any high frequency noise signals which can contaminate the results. The output signal from the averager is then compared to a threshold level, and applied to a microprocessor which is programmed to execute an algorithm for assessing patient well-being and for optimizing patient well being.

[0009] According to U.S. Pat. No. 6,013,008 to Fukushima, a step count data control system is used to encourage a user to continue walking along a prescribed distance. Step count data is obtained while the user is walking and the progress and location of the user is objectively displayed on a map, based on the actual distance walked and the number of steps taken. A microprocessor is used to determine the average distance traveled over a specific time period, such as one month. The map is a chart, such as the map of Japan, which shows the present position being walked along from an assumed starting point. The distance from the start point to the present point is indicated on the map by color, or another suitable indicator.

[0010] A shoe having an indicator responsive to the activity of the person wearing the shoe is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 5,945,911 to Healy et al. A circuit board is imbedded in the typical athletic shoe so that it becomes a shoe with a built-in activity meter. According to this patent, the circuit board is preferably mounted inside the heel portion of the sole of the shoe and, more preferably, inside the heel portion of the mid sole. With this configuration, the heel of a wearer's foot will activate a switch located on the circuit board when the wearer is stepping, walking, jumping or running. Using LEDs, the highest level of activity reached by a wearer of the shoe is displayed. The display is a three-element LED display in which 0-3 LEDs flash briefly, but brightly each time the weight of the wearer is fully pressed against the inner sole of the shoe during a period of activity.

[0011] U.S. Pat. No. 5,807,283 to Ng discloses an electronic device for monitoring the activity of a wearer, his walking speed, as well as the distance traversed in a selected time interval. The claimed device uses magnets strapped to a leg or a shoe of a person and a hall effect sensor to calculate the distance traversed based on the output signal generated when the magnets pass each other.

[0012] U.S. Pat. No. 5,476,427 to Fujima discloses a pace display device which is worn by a person running or jogging. The device calculates and displays the person's pace data which was obtained while the person was running or jogging. According to this patent, by calculating and then displaying the pace difference between the present and immediately proceeding sections of a running course, the runner is able to confirm how fast or how slow his present pace is when compared to his immediately proceeding pace.

[0013] U.S. Pat. No. 4,510,704 to Johnson describes a boot or shoe which incorporates a pedometer into the heel of the shoe. The pedometer comprises a push button which is activated with each step. A counter responds to activation of the push button. According to this patent, the counter may be an electronic counter which displays the number of steps the wearer of the shoe takes while walking/running.

[0014] U.S. Pat. No. 4,466,204 to Wu describes a device for determining the number of steps and the distance walked by a person. According to the Wu patent a switch is disposed in a toe area of a shoe. This switch generates a pace signal in response to each step which is taken with the shoe.

[0015] U.S. Pat. No. 4,712,319 to Searcy discloses a portable self-contained computational device for use by a striding athlete, such as a jogger, which includes a stride length selector that permits the athlete to select a normal length of stride, and a rate selector which permits the athlete to preselect a desired rate of travel by striding.

[0016] Although much has been done in this field to introduce distance measurements and pace monitoring to footwear, none of these prior art devices is designed to measure the maximum speed achieved by a runner over a prescribed distance in order to motivate the wearer of the device to run as fast as possible. It is difficult to continue walking or running for a long period of time. Further, without knowing how fast they have run, a runner will have no way of knowing whether they are making progress toward maximizing their speed during an exercise session. Moreover, a runner can grow tired of walking or running without any external encouragement. Accordingly, there is a need and desire for a device with which to motivate a person to walk or run at maximum speeds to obtain the benefits associated with exercising.

[0017] The present invention is an apparatus and method for measuring the maximum speed of a runner over a prescribed distance. The console of the device comprises push buttons for activating and deactivating the device. Also included are LEDs which are used to display the status of the device and to flash in response to movement of a user wearing the device while running or walking. The device also includes a liquid crystal display (LCD) which displays various messages to the user, such as the last recorded speed achieved, the highest speed achieved and the average miles per hour achieved, respectively.

[0018] Initially, the device is in a “stand by” low power state. When a first button is momentarily pushed, such as for two seconds, a micro-controller located inside the device is placed in an “active on” state. As a result, the micro-controlled provides power to a motion sensor and a motion sensor amplifier. After a predetermined time delay, the LCD and LEDs each turn on to signify that the micro-controller is powered on and ready for use.

[0019] The LCD displays words which represent speeds achieved by a user of the device. In the preferred embodiment, the speeds are the last recorded speed achieved, the highest speed achieved in any interval over the distance run and the average miles per hour achieved over the distance, respectively. The display of the LCD comprises three “digits”, each with seven segments for conveying the operational status of the device. In the preferred embodiment, the seven segments present the final running speed achieved in digital form, such as the maximum speed.

[0020] In response to each step taken by the user, a motion detector within the device causes the generation of a trigger signal which is amplified by transistors located inside the device, and forwarded to the micro-controller for use in a calculation in accordance with a predetermined relationship to determine the maximum speed of the user. With each generation of the trigger signal, the LEDs flash in a predetermined sequence. In an embodiment of the invention, the motion detector is a spring switch, a buzzer sensor, a metal ball sensor, or the like. In the preferred embodiment, the motion sensor is a buzzer sensor.

[0021] The device provides a method for measuring the maximum speed of a runner over a prescribed distance. The device may be adapted for use on shoes, the wrist of a user, etc. and provides a means with which to motivate a user to run as fast as possible over the prescribed distance, and to ensure safety of the runner at night.

[0022] The foregoing and other advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention given below with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

[0023] FIG. 1 is an illustration of a control panel for the device in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention;

[0024] FIG. 2 is an exemplary schematic illustration of a circuit for calculating, presenting, recalling and recording the speed of a user over a prescribed distance in accordance with the invention;

[0025] FIGS. 3(a) through 3(i) are block diagrams illustrating a display of the LCD of the console of FIG. 1; and

[0026] FIG. 4 is an alternative exemplary schematic illustration of a circuit for calculating, presenting, recalling and recording a speed of a user over a prescribed distance.

[0027] FIG. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention.

[0028] FIG. 1 is an illustration of a control panel for the device 10 in accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention. The console of the device 10 comprises push buttons 12 and 14 for activating and deactivating the device, respectively. Also included are LED 1, LED2 and LED3, which are used to display the status of the device and to flash in response to movement of a user wearing the device while running or walking. The console of the device 10 also includes a liquid crystal display (LCD) 16 which displays various messages to the user, such as the last recorded speed achieved, the highest speed achieved and the average miles per hour achieved, respectively.

[0029] FIG. 2 is an illustration of an exemplary circuit for calculating, presenting, recalling and recording a speed of a user over a prescribed distance. The principal element of the circuit is a micro-controller 20, which is capable of making calculations based on various inputs according to a stored program and is further capable of storing the results. The program and locations of the stored results are in memory units or registers of the micro-controller 20. Alternatively, the program and results can be stored in external memory units (not shown).

[0030] Initially, the micro-controller 20 is in a “standby” state, where the voltage at output pins PA0 through PA5 is logic “HIGH” and the voltage at output pins PA6, COM0 through COM7 and SEG0 through SEQ3 is logic “LOW”. When switch AN1 is momentarily closed (as a result of button 12 being pushed), such as for three seconds, a signal is placed on terminal PA0 of the micro-controller 20, which moves it into an “active” state from a power saving “standby” state. As a result, power is provided from output terminal PA6 of the micro-controller 20 to a switch circuit comprising transistors Q1 and Q2. After a predetermined time delay, micro-controller 20 causes each of liquid crystal display (LCD) 16 as well as LED 1, LED2 and LED3 to turn on to signify that the micro-controller 20 is in the active state and is ready for use. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined time delay is approximately one second.

[0031] Similarly, the micro-controller 20 can be changed from the standby state to the active state by closing switch AN2. Closing this switch causes a signal to be applied to terminal PA1 of the micro-controller 20. This also has the effect of causing the micro-controller 20 to apply power to the switch amplifier circuit made up of transistors Q1 and Q2 by changing the voltage at output terminal PA6 from logic “LOW” to logic “HIGH”. However, using switch AN2 instead of AN1 causes the microprocessor to be in a different operational mode.

[0032] The LCD 16 has a display comprised of six figures, a moving quarter circle, and three digits which each have seven segments for conveying the speed information. Further, the LCD displays words which indicate the type of speed information being indicated by the digits, e.g., the last recorded speed achieved, the highest speed achieved and the average speed, all in miles per hour, respectively.

[0033] Resistor R1 is connected between the OSCI and VSS terminals of the micro-controller 20 to establish the frequency rate for an internal oscillator that sets the timing in the micro-processor. One terminal of LED 1, LED2 and LED3 are connected to respective outputs PA3, PA4 and PA5 of the micro-controller 20. The other terminal of each of these LEDs are connected together and to a resistor R2 which limits current flow through these LEDs when power is applied to them from the PA outputs of micro-controller 20. A capacitor C1 located across a battery BAT1 provides power to the entire circuit, with the capacitor reducing noise spikes in the power supply line. Capacitor C4 and resistor R6 are used to reset micro-controller 20 when the power from BAT1 is applied.

[0034] The LEDs are lit by the micro-controller 20 in various sequences at a rate determined by the internal oscillator. The pattern in which the LEDs light depend on the state of the micro-controller, e.g., whether a new high speed has been calculated.

[0035] Transistors Q1 and Q2 form an amplifier circuit that has power supplied to transistor Q1 from PA6 through R4. The sensitivity of the amplifier circuit is generally adjusted by resistor R4, since this resistor determines the amplification ratio of transistor Q1. For example, if R4 is small, then the sensitivity of the amplifier circuit will become greater. A bias voltage to the input of transistor Q1 and a motion detector Y1 is provided from output PA6 of micro-controller 20 though resistor R3. Similarly, a bias voltage is applied to the input of transistor Q2 from PA6 through resistors R5 and R7. The amplifier output from the collector of Q2 is applied to input terminal PA2 of micro-controller 20. A capacitor C3 filters this output. In response to each step taken by the user, the motion detector Y1 generates a trigger signal at the input of Q1. The trigger signal increases the voltage at the base terminal of transistor Q1. As a result, transistor Q1 conducts and amplifies the signal and transmits the amplified signal to capacitor C5. Simultaneously, the voltage at the base terminal of transistor Q2 is increased such that transistor Q2 conducts. This causes the output at pin PA2 to immediately changes from logic “HIGH” to logic “LOW”. A capacitor CO filters external noise from the trigger signal which is amplified by Q1 and Q2 and delivered to PA2 of micro-controller 20, where it is used to calculate the speed of the user.

[0036] With each generation of the trigger signal, the LEDs flash in a predetermined sequence. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined sequence comprises first lighting LED1, followed by the lighting of LED2 and finally the lighting of LED3. The timing of the sequence is under the control of the internal oscillator of the micro-controller 20, whose frequency is controlled by the value of R1. The micro-controller 20 calculates the various speed values based on the elapsed time, as determined by the internal oscillator, between trigger signals and the average stride of the user. The calculations of the various speed values are then stored, and converted into signals for driving the LCD 16 to display the speed value and identify the type of speed information that is being displayed. The outputs COM0 to COM7, as well as SEGO to SEG3 of micro-controller 20, drive the seven elements of each digit of the three digit LCD display 16 and cause the text description of the calculation to be displayed, and cause the figures and the moving circle to light sequentially, respectively.

[0037] FIG. 4 is an illustration of an alternative exemplary circuit for calculating, presenting, recalling and recording a speed of a user over a prescribed distance. The circuit of the present embodiment shares common elements with the circuit shown in FIG. 2. Where circuit elements are identical, the same reference numbers are utilized for ease of illustration. The principal element of the circuit is a micro-controller 20, which is capable of making calculations based on various inputs according to a stored program and is further capable of storing the results. The program and locations of the stored results are in memory units or registers of the micro-controller 20. Alternatively, the program and results can be stored in external memory units (not shown).

[0038] Initially, the micro-controller 20 is in a “standby” state, where the voltage at output pins PA0 through PA5 is logic “HIGH” and the voltage at output pins PA6, COM0 through COM7 and SEG0 through SEQ3 is logic “LOW”. When switch AN1 is momentarily closed (as a result of button 12 being pushed), such as for three seconds, a signal is placed on terminal PA0 of the micro-controller 20, which moves it into an “active” state from a power saving “standby” state. As a result, power is provided from output terminal PA6 of the micro-controller 20 to a switch circuit comprising transistors Q1 and Q2. After a predetermined time delay, micro-controller 20 causes each of liquid crystal display (LCD) 16 as well as LED1, LED2 and LED3 to turn on to signify that the micro-controller 20 is in the active state and is ready for use. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined time delay is approximately one second.

[0039] Similarly, the micro-controller 20 can be changed from the standby state to the active state by closing switch AN2. Closing this switch causes a signal to be applied to terminal PA1 of the micro-controller 20. This also has the effect of causing the micro-controller 20 to apply power to the switch amplifier circuit made up of transistors Q1 and Q2 by changing the voltage at output terminal PA6 from logic “LOW” to logic “HIGH”. However, using switch AN2 instead of AN1 causes the microprocessor to be in a different operational mode.

[0040] The LCD 16 has a display comprised of six figures, a moving quarter circle, and three digits which each have seven segments for conveying the speed information. Further, the LCD displays words which indicate the type of speed information being indicated by the digits, e.g., the last recorded speed achieved, the highest speed achieved and the average speed, all in miles per hour, respectively. Output terminal PA7 of micro-controller 20 is connect to terminal HON of a second processor 25. An EL lamp 27 is connected to the second micro-controller 25. Switching coil L1 is connected between the COIL and V_ddterminals of the second micro-controller 25 to activate the EL Lamp in response to an output signal from the micro-controller 20 and thereby back light the LCD 16. Capacitor C10 adjusts the EL lamp output intensity and frequency fo operation. That is, an increase of the value of C10 results in an increase of the EL lamp 27 intensity and a decrease in its frequency of operation.

[0041] Resistor R1 is connected between the OSCI and VSS terminals of the micro-controller 20 to establish the frequency rate for an internal oscillator that sets the timing in the micro-processor. One terminal of LED1, LED2 and LED3 are connected to respective outputs PA3, PA4 and PA5 of the micro-controller 20. The other terminal of each of these LEDs are connected together and to a resistor R2 which limits current flow through these LEDs when power is applied to them from the PA outputs of micro-controller 20. A capacitor C1 located across a battery BAT1 provides power to the entire circuit, with the capacitor reducing noise spikes in the power supply line. Capacitor C4 and resistor R6 are used to reset micro-controller 20 when the power from BAT1 is applied. Sound generation device Y2 is connected between the PWM1 and PWM2 terminals of the micro-controller 20 to generate various sounds in response to an output signal from the micro-controller. In preferred embodiments, the sound generation device is a buzzer, or other sound generation device.

[0042] The LEDs are lit by the micro-controller 20 in various sequences at a rate determined by the internal oscillator. The pattern in which the LEDs light depend on the state of the micro-controller, e.g., whether a new high speed has been calculated.

[0043] Transistors Q1 and Q2 form an amplifier circuit that has power supplied to transistor Q1 from PA6 through R4. The sensitivity of the amplifier circuit is generally adjusted by resistor R4, since this resistor determines the amplification ratio of transistor Q1. For example, if R4 is small, then the sensitivity of the amplifier circuit will become greater. A bias voltage to the input of transistor Q1 and a motion detector Y1 is provided from output PA3 of micro-controller 20 though resistor R3. Similarly, a bias voltage is applied to the input of transistor Q2 from PA6 through resistors R5 and R7. The amplifier output from the collector of Q2 is applied to input terminal PA2 of micro-controller 20. A capacitor C3 filters this output. In response to each step taken by the user, the motion detector Y1 generates a trigger signal at the input of Q1. The trigger signal increases the voltage at the base terminal of transistor Q1. As a result, transistor Q1 conducts and amplifies the signal and transmits the amplified signal to capacitor C5. Simultaneously, the voltage at the base terminal of transistor Q2 is increased such that transistor Q2 conducts. This causes the output at pin PA2 to immediately changes from logic “HIGH” to logic “LOW”. A capacitor CO filters external noise from the trigger signal which is amplified by Q1 and Q2 and delivered to PA2 of micro-controller 20, where it is used to calculate the speed of the user.

[0044] With each generation of the trigger signal, the LEDs flash in a predetermined sequence. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined sequence comprises first lighting LED 1, followed by the lighting of LED2 and finally the lighting of LED3. The timing of the sequence is under the control of the internal oscillator of the micro-controller 20, whose frequency is controlled by the value of R1. The micro-controller 20 calculates the various speed values based on the elapsed time, as determined by the internal oscillator, between trigger signals and the average stride of the user. The calculations of the various speed values are then stored, and converted into signals for driving the LCD 16 to display the speed value and identify the type of speed information that is being displayed. The outputs COM0 to COM7, as well as SEG0 to SEG3 of micro-controller 20, drive the seven elements of each digit of the three digit LCD display 16 and cause the text description of the calculation to be displayed, and cause the figures and the moving circle to light sequentially, respectively.

[0045] FIGS. 5 is a flow chart illustrating a preferred embodiment of the method of the invention. The micro-controller 20 is in a powered down state until switch AN1 is closed. The micro-controller 20 is activated upon pressing the AN1 switch for an extended period of time, as indicated in step 500. In the preferred embodiment, the activation of the micro-controller occurs when the AN1 switch is pressed for at least approximately two seconds. Upon activation of the micro-controller 20, a test is performed, which comprises momentarily flashing the LEDs, briefly lighting the figures and momentarily lighting the LCD segments to indicate that the micro-controller 20 is powered and ready for use, i.e., in an active mode. This test determines whether all the segments of the LCD 16 are functioning properly, as indicated in step 510. In the preferred embodiment, the LEDs are flashed, and the segments and figures are lit for approximately one second, such as shown in FIG. 3(a). This timing is controlled by the internal oscillator.

[0046] Next, the last recorded result is displayed on the LCD 16, such as shown in FIG. 3(c), as indicated in step 520. If the device is being used for the first time, the exemplary message shown in FIG. 3(i) is displayed on the LCD 16. Otherwise, the LCD will display the last recorded mileage, such as the mileage as shown in FIG. 3(c).

[0047] A check is performed to determined whether switch AN1 or AN2 was closed, as indicated in step 530. If the AN1 switch is closed, the last recorded highest speed is recalled and displayed (FIG. 3(f)), as indicated in step 580. Here, repeated closures of the AN1 switch will cause the recall and display of the last recorded highest speed, as indicated in step 590.

[0048] If the AN2 switch is closed, the LEDs are lit in a prescribed sequence, or an audible sound is generated in a manner which is known, to indicated that the micro-controller 20 is ready to perform speed calculations, as indicated in step 540. In addition, a moving quarter circle flashes sequentially and two figures are simultaneously lit, such as indicated in FIG. 3(d). In the preferred embodiment, the prescribed sequence comprises first lighting LED 1, then simultaneously lighting LED1 and LED2, and finally simultaneously lighting LED1, LED2 and LED3.

[0049] A check is performed to determine whether trigger signals associated with movement of the device 10 are input to the micro-controller 20, as indicated in step 550. If the micro-controller 20 receives trigger signals, speed calculations are performed in response to the trigger signals and the LEDs flash in accordance with a predetermined sequence, as indicated in step 560. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined sequence comprises first lighting LED1, lighting LED2, and then lighting LED3. In addition, the moving quarter circles sequentially flash and the figures are lit sequentially, such as shown in FIG. 3(e). With each step taken by the user, the motion sensor Y1 causes generation of the trigger signal which is amplified by transistors Q1 and Q2 (FIG. 2), and forwarded to the micro-controller 20 for calculation of the speed of the user in accordance with the relationship: $\begin{array}{cc}V=\frac{\mathrm{nd}}{\sum _{i=0}^n{t}_i},& \mathrm{Eq}.1\end{array}$

[0050] where $T=\sum _{i=1}^n{t}_i,$

[0051] d is the distance between each step, n is the total number of steps in the total running time T and ti is the time between steps taken by the user.

[0052] The total distance can be broken up into a plurality of intervals which together make up the distance traveled. Then the speed in each interval can be calculated using equation (1). At the end of the exercise, the maximum of the speeds in the various intervals can be displayed.

[0053] If the micro-controller 20 fails to receive a trigger signal for an extended period of time or fails to receive a trigger signal during an allotted time period, the calculation of the running speed is terminated, the LEDs are simultaneously flashed in phase at least once, the moving quarter circle moves to a corresponding position, the figures move to a corresponding position, and the speed achieved by the user is displayed on the LCD (FIG. 3(g)), as indicated in step 555. In the preferred embodiment, the extended period of time is approximately 1.75 seconds, the allotted time is approximately 20 seconds, and the LEDs are flashed approximately three times.

[0054] Here, a check is also performed to determine whether the calculated speed is the highest recorded speed of the user. If the calculated speed is a new highest speed, a predetermined forward and backward flashing pattern is started, a congratulatory sound is generated, the moving quarter circle moves to a corresponding position, all the figures are lit and the speed is displayed on the LCD (FIG. 3(h)). In the preferred embodiment, the forward and backward flashing pattern comprises first lighting LED1, lighting LED2, and lighting LED3. Second, lighting LED3, lighting LED2, and lighting LED 1. Third, lighting LED 1, lighting LED2, and lighting LED3.

[0055] A check is performed to determined whether the AN1 switch or the AN2 switch has been closed, as indicated in step 570. If the AN1 switch was closed, then a return to step 580 occurs, and the LCD 16 displays the last recorded speed of the user. If the AN2 switch was closed, a return to step 540 occurs, and the LEDs are lit in accordance with the prescribed sequence or the audible sound is generated in a manner which is known to indicated that the micro-controller is ready to perform speed calculations. In addition, the moving quarter circle flashes sequentially and two figures are simultaneously lit. In the preferred embodiment, the prescribed sequence comprises first lighting LED 1, then simultaneously lighting LED 1 and LED2, and finally simultaneously lighting LED 1, LED2 and LED3.

[0056] If the micro-controller 20 does not receive an input signal (i.e., the trigger signal or the closure of the AN1 or AN2 switches) for an extended period of time, such as ten seconds, it will power down and enter the standby mode. In stand by mode, if the AN1 switch is closed, the micro-controller 20 will awaken and proceed to step 595, where the LCD will display the last recorded speed achieved by the user, and the figures and the quarter circle will light sequentially and then stop lighting (FIG. 3(b)), as indicated in step 597.

[0057] If the AN2 switch is closed for an extended period, such as for three seconds, the device 10 will power down, where LED1, LED2 and LED3 will simultaneously light up. In this state, all “records” in the micro-controller 20 are erased.

[0058] In an embodiment of the invention, other characteristics of the user, such as the length of a user's foot, the distance between each step, or the like, are added to the relationship shown in Eq. 1 such that highly accurate speed calculations are obtained. This information can be input when the micro-controller is in a proper mode by buttons 12, 14.

[0059] In additional embodiments of the invention, the motion detector Y1 may be a spring switch, a buzzer sensor, a metal ball sensor, or the like. In the preferred embodiment the motion sensor is a buzzer sensor.

[0060] In another embodiment of the invention, another result, such as a user's height, is obtained by adjusting the relationship between time (t), distance (d) and number of steps/motion(n) in Eq. 1. This is based on the assumption that the stride of the user is related to the user's height.

[0061] In a further embodiment of the invention, presentation features are provided, such as timing functions, and the like. In certain preferred embodiments, the time function is a watch, a stop watch, a count-down watch, or the like.

[0062] In another embodiment, the power on and power off functions are implemented by pressing AN1 and AN2 simultaneously.

[0063] The device provides a method for measuring the maximum speed of a runner over a prescribed distance. The device may be adapted for use on shoes, the wrist of a user, etc. and provides a means with which to motivate a user to run as fast as possible over the prescribed distance, and to ensure safety of the runner at night.

[0064] Although the invention has been described and illustrated in detail, it is to be clearly understood that the same is by way of illustration and example, and is not to be taken by way of limitation. The spirit and scope of the present invention are to be limited only by the terms of the appended claims.