Semiconductor device for providing a noise shield

[0002] 1. Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates to a semiconductor device, and more particularly to a guard ring structure for providing a noise shield.

[0004] 2. Description of Related Art

[0005] In conventional semiconductor devices, a conductive region called a guard ring surrounds transistors formed on a semiconductor substrate. Connecting this guard ring to a ground potential shields the transistors from external noise input.

[0006] However, conventional semiconductor devices have the following problems.

[0007] The guard ring is formed as a conductive region wherein a high concentration of ions is diffused around the region on the semiconductor substrate where transistors are formed. For this reason, it is difficult to provide a resistance of zero entirely to the resistor portion of the guard ring and it is not possible to provide complete shielding from the effects of the external noise, especially in the case of high amplification transistors.

[0008] It is an object of the present invention to provide a semiconductor device comprising a guard ring that can effectively shield out external noise and resolve the problems with the abovementioned conventional art.

[0009] In order to resolve the abovementioned problems, the present invention is a semiconductor device comprising: a circuit region including transistors formed on the semiconductor substrate; a first guard ring of an ion diffused region formed around the abovementioned circuit region; a second guard ring of a high concentration ion diffused region formed around the abovementioned first guard ring with a prescribed gap therebetween; a first metal film pattern formed opposing to the abovementioned first guard ring with an insulating film interposed therebetween and that is connected to the first guard ring by a plurality of interlayer wires; a second metal film pattern formed opposing to the abovementioned second guard ring with the abovementioned insulating film interposed therebetween and that is connected to the second guard ring by a plurality of interlayer wires; a first metal wire connecting the abovementioned first metal film pattern to an external terminal to which a standard potential is provided; and a second metal wire connecting the abovementioned second metal film pattern to the abovementioned external terminal.

[0010] The present invention effects the following actions because the semiconductor device is constituted as above.

[0011] The first guard ring formed around the circuit region has the difference in potential within the ring eliminated and is connected to a standard potential by the first metal film pattern. Furthermore, the guard ring formed around the first guard ring has the difference in potential within the ring eliminated and is connected to the same standard potential as the first ring by the second metal film pattern.

[0012] External noise is thereby effectively shielded by the first and second guard rings and its influence on the circuit region can be eliminated.

[0013] The forgoing and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will be better understood from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0014] FIG. 1 (including FIG. 1(A) and FIG. 1(B)) is a drawing showing the constitution of a semiconductor device relating to a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0015] FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the guard ring in FIG. 1;

[0016] FIG. 3 (including FIG. 3(A) and FIG. 3(B)) is a drawing of the constitution and an equivalent circuit diagram of a semiconductor device relating to a second embodiment of the present invention; and

[0017] FIG. 4 (including FIG. 4(A) and FIG. 4(B)) is a drawing of the constitution and an equivalent circuit diagram of a semiconductor device relating to a third embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] First Embodiment

[0019] FIG. 1(A) and (B) show the constitution of a semiconductor device relating to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1(A) shows a plane diagram and FIG. 1(B) shows an expanded cross sectional view taken at line X—X in FIG. 1(A).

[0020] As shown in FIG. 1(A), this semiconductor device comprises an integrated circuit chip 10 (hereinafter “IC chip”) and a package 20 whereon this IC chip 10 is installed. The IC chip 10 comprises a transistor formation region 12 wherein is formed a circuit including the transistors on a p-type semiconductor substrate 11, for example. A first guard ring 13ais formed around the transistor formation region 12 and a second guard ring 13bis formed to surround this first guard ring 13a.

[0021] Furthermore, a plurality of electrodes 14, for external connections of the circuit such as the transistors, is formed on the surface of the IC chip 10.

[0022] The package 20 mechanically fixes the IC chip 10 and connects the chip to external circuits. The package 20 comprises an insulating package substrate 21 and a plurality of metal external terminals 22 established on the periphery; of this package substrate 21. Furthermore, the external terminals 22 of the package 20 and the electrodes 14 of the IC chip 10 are electrically connected by metal wires 23 of gold, for example.

[0023] FIG. 1(B) is a cross sectional view for showing the structure of the guard rings in the IC chip 10. The structures of the transistors and so forth that are not directly related to the present invention are omitted.

[0024] In the IC chip 10 as discussed above, the transistor formation region 12 is formed on the p-type semiconductor substrate 11 and a guard ring 13a,with a high concentration of p-type ions diffused therein, is formed to surround the transistor formation region 12. Furthermore, a guard ring 13bis formed around the outside of the guard ring 13awith a uniform gap therebetween. This guard ring 13balso has a high concentration of p-type ions diffused therein, like the guard ring 13a. The guard rings 13aand 13bhave higher concentrations of impurities than the source and drain regions of the transistors formed in the transistor formation region 12.

[0025] An insulating film 15 of silicon dioxide or the like is formed on the surface of the semiconductor substrate 11 wherein are formed the transistor formation region 12, and the guard rings 13aand 13b.A metal film 16ais formed on the surface of the insulating film 15 at a location corresponding to the guard ring 13a. The metal film 16aand the guard ring 13aare electrically connected by a plurality of interlayer wires 17aof metal.

[0026] Furthermore, a metal film 16bis formed on the surface of the insulating film 15 at a location corresponding to the guard ring 13b.The metal film 16band the guard ring 13bare electrically connected by plurality of interlayer wires 17bof metal. The metal films 16aand 16bare connected to the electrically independent electrodes 14aand 14b,formed on the insulating film 15.

[0027] This type of IC chip 10 is attached by adhesive or the like on the package substrate 21. The electrodes 14aand 14bof this IC chip 10 are connected by individual metal wires 23aand 23bto the external electrodes 22 for providing a shared standard potential to the package 20.

[0028] FIG. 2 shows an equivalent circuit for the guard rings in FIG. 1. The operation and effects of the guard rings in FIG. 1 are explained below with reference to FIG. 2.

[0029] Because the guard ring 13ais electrically connected to the metal film 16aby a plurality of interlayer wires 17a, the potentials of this guard ring 13aand the metal film 16aremain the same regardless of their relative locations. Likewise, because the guard ring 13bis electrically connected to the metal film 16bby a plurality of interlayer wires 17b, the potentials of the guard ring 13band the metal film 16bremain the same regardless of their relative locations.

[0030] In FIG. 2, the node A corresponds to the electrode 14nof the IC chip 10 whereby a noise voltage Vn is provided from outside the circuit, for example. The nodes Pa and Pb correspond to the guard rings 13aand 13brespectively. The node COM corresponds to the standard potential electrode 22 in the package 20. Furthermore, the node B corresponds to the input terminal of the gate or the like of the transistors in the transistor formation region 12 on the IC chip 10.

[0031] As shown in FIG. 2, the node A and the node Pb are connected by the substrate resistor R1 of the semiconductor substrate 11. The node Pb is connected to the node COM by the impedance Zb of the metal wire 23band to the node Pa by the substrate resistor R2 of the semiconductor substrate 11. The substrate resistor R2 is a combined resistor comprising the substrate resistor R2aconnecting the guard rings 13aand 13bover the shortest distance, and the substrate resistor R2bforming a connection through the interior of the semiconductor substrate 11.

[0032] Furthermore, the node Pa is connected to the node COM by the impedance Za of the metal wire 23aand to the node B by the substrate resistor R3. If the input impedance of the transistor or the like connected to node B is infinity, the ratio of the noise voltage Vb in node B to the noise voltage Vn from outside becomes as shown in equation 1.

[0033] Vb/Vn=((R2+Za)//Zb)/(R1+(R2+Za)//Zb)×Za/(R2+Za)  (1)

[0034] Because the impedance Za and Zb of the metal wires 23aand 23bis very small compared to the resistance R1 and R2, equation 1 can be approximated with equation 2.

[0035] Vb/Vn=Zb×Za/(R1+Zb)×(R2+Za)  (2)

[0036] Consequently, the noise voltage Vb of node B is attenuated by the input noise voltage Vn and becomes a very small value.

[0037] As above, the semiconductor device relating to the first embodiment comprises two guard rings 13aand 13bindependently connected to a standard potential, and can therefore effectively shield external noise.

[0038] Second Embodiment

[0039] FIG. 3(A) and (B) show a diagram of the constitution and an equivalent circuit for the semiconductor device relating to a second embodiment of the present invention. Corresponding to FIG. 1(B) FIG. 3(A) show a cross sectional view to clearly show the structure of the guard ring. In FIG. 3(A) and (B), the same symbols are used for elements shared with FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0040] In the semiconductor device in FIG. 3(A), a separating groove is established between the guard rings 13aand 13bin the semiconductor device in FIG. 1. The interior of this groove is filled with an insulating material 18 such as silicon dioxide. Other elements of the structure are the same as in FIG. 1.

[0041] As shown in FIG. 3(B), the equivalent circuit of the guard rings of this semiconductor device has the substrate resistor R2 in FIG. 2 replaced with the substrate impedance Z2. The substrate impedance Z2 is a combined impedance comprising the capacitance C2 due to the insulating material 18 between the guard rings 13aand 13band the substrate resistance R2bforming a connection through the interior of the semiconductor substrate 11. In other words, the substrate impedance Z2 in FIG. 3(B) has a greater value than the substrate resistance R2 in FIG. 2. Consequently, as clear from equation 2 above, the noise voltage Vb of node B is more attenuated than in the first embodiment.

[0042] As explained above, the semiconductor device relating to the second embodiment has the insulating material 18 established between two guard rings 13aand 13bthat are independently connected to a standard potential. External noise can thereby be even more effectively shielded.

[0043] Third Embodiment

[0044] FIG. 4(A) and (B) show a diagram of the constitution and an equivalent circuit for the semiconductor device relating to a third embodiment of the present invention. Corresponding to FIG. 1(B), FIG. 4(A) shows a cross sectional view to clearly show the structure of the guard rings. In FIG. 4(A) and (B), the same symbols are used for elements shared with FIGS. 1 and 2.

[0045] In the semiconductor device in FIG. 4(A), an n-type region 19, wherein a high concentration of n-type ions are diffused, is established between the guard rings 13aand 13bin the semiconductor device in FIG. 1. A metal film 16cis formed on the surface of the insulating film 15 at a location corresponding to the n-type region 19. This metal film 16cand the n-type region 19 are electrically connected by a plurality of interlayer wires 17cof metal. The metal film 16cis connected to the electrode 14cformed on the insulating film 15. This electrode 14cis connected by a metal wire 23cto an external electrode 22 for providing a standard potential to the package 20. Other aspects of the structure are the same as in FIG. 1.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 4(B), the equivalent circuit of the guard rings of this semiconductor device has the substrate resistor R2 in FIG. 2 replaced with the semiconductor circuit CT2. This semiconductor circuit CT2 comprises a diode Da formed by the guard ring 13aand the n-type region 19, a diode Db formed by this n-type region 19 and the guard ring 13b,a substrate resistor R2bforming a connection through the interior of semiconductor substrate 11, and the impedance Zc of the metal wire 23cconnecting the anodes of the diodes Da and Db (specifically, metal film 16c) with the external electrode 22.

[0047] Accordingly, an equivalent of three guard rings is formed and still better shielding effects can be achieved.

[0048] As explained above, the semiconductor device relating to the third embodiment has the n-type region 19 established between two guard rings 13aand 13bthat are independently connected to a standard potential, and the n-type region is independently connected to the standard potential. External noise can thereby be even more effectively shielded than with the second embodiment.

[0049] Moreover, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments and can take various forms. Some examples of these forms are as in (a) through (c) below.

[0050] (a) A p-type semiconductor substrate was used in the embodiments, but an n-type semiconductor substrate can be applied in the same manner.

[0051] (b) Two guard rings were used in the embodiments, but any number of guard rings, two or more, may be used.

[0052] (c) In the semiconductor device in FIG. 4, the n-type region 19 was constituted so as to be connected to the standard potential, however the n-type region 19 may be simply established as shown in FIG. 3. In this case, the shielding effects are slightly lower than is the case in FIG. 4, but the structure can be simplified.

[0053] As explained in detail above, the first invention is constituted with two guard rings. In addition, the potential difference in the guard rings is eliminated by connecting these guard rings to first and second metal film patterns. Furthermore, the first and second metal film patterns are separately connected to the standard potential. Great shielding effects can thereby be attained.

[0054] The second invention has an insulating region established between the first and second guard rings in the semiconductor device relating to the first invention. Even better shielding effects can thereby be attained.

[0055] The third invention has two guard rings; the potential difference in the guard rings is eliminated by connecting these guard rings to first and second metal film patterns. At the same time, the first and second metal film patterns are separately connected to the standard potential. Moreover, a diffused region for constituting reversely connected diodes is established between the first and second guard rings. Great shielding effects can thereby be attained.

[0056] The fourth invention has the diffused region in the third invention connected to the standard potential. This results in a constitution with an equivalent of three guard rings, and therefore, even better shielding effects can be attained.