Configuration bits layout

[0002] 1. Field of the Invention

[0003] The present invention relates to reconfigurable computing systems.

[0004] 2. State of the Art

[0005] As the cost of complex integrated circuits continues to fall, systems companies are increasingly embedding reduced instruction set computer (RISC) processors into non-computer systems. As a result, whereas the bulk of development work used to be in hardware design, now it is in software design. Today, whole applications, such as modems, digital video decompression, and digital telephony, can be done in software if a sufficiently high-performance processor is used. Software development offers greater flexibility and faster time-to-market, helping to offset the decrease in life cycle of today's electronic products. Unfortunately, software is much slower than hardware, and as a result requires very expensive, high-end processors to meet the computational requirements of some of these applications. Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are also increasingly used because they offer greater flexibility and shorter development cycles than traditional Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), while providing most of the performance advantages of a dedicated hardware solution. For this reason, companies providing field programmable or embedded processor solutions have been growing very rapidly.

[0006] It is desired to have an improved method and apparatus for reconfigurable computing.

[0007] The present invention comprises placing address information along with configuration bits in blocks of data stored in an external memory. A reconfigurable chip uses the address data in the blocks to aide in the loading of the configuration bits in the correct locations of the reconfigurable logic.

[0008] Since address information is stored in the blocks, the blocks of configuration data stored in the external memory need not be stored in sequence. In prior art configurable systems, an entire configuration is typically loaded from the external memory in sequence, so that the correct loading of configuration data is maintained. The disadvantage of this prior art arrangement is that the entire sequence of configuration data stored in the external memory is relatively large, causing the loading time to be relatively large as well.

[0009] The arrangement of the present invention allows for less than all the configuration data to be stored in a downloaded group of the configuration blocks. Each block of data can be independently loaded. The address in the block of data is decoded to provide the reconfigurable chip address for storing the configuration bits. The position of a configuration bit block in the external memory is independent of the reconfigurable chip address stored in the block. This is an advantage in reconfigurable computing environments which use many partial loads of the reconfigurable chip with configuration data. The download time is reduced because not all of the configuration data needs to be downloaded from the external memory at one time.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment, each block comprises a line of data. The line of data is preferably sized to fit an internal bus of the reconfigurable chip. The configuration data can be for both the data paths and control path of the reconfigurable logic.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment, the loading of the configuration bits, is done using an address decoder to produce select lines. Each select line loads a number of memory elements with one of the configuration bits. There is preferably a configuration bit line is for each of the configuration bits in a block of configuration data. In one embodiment, there is a single such decoder and configuration bit line arrangement. Alternately, a decoder and configuration lines can be used for each of the slices used in the reconfigurable logic chip. The address in the block of configuration data can be an offset address from a base address. If multiple slices are used, a configuration allocation system can allocate the configurations to the correct slice.

[0012] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an overview of a reconfigurable chip including the system of the present invention.

[0013] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an arrangement of one line of data.

[0014] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an address decoder used with the present invention.

[0015] FIG. 4 is a diagram of a memory element that can be used with the present invention.

[0016] FIG. 5 is a detailed diagram of one embodiment of a memory element used with one embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] FIGS. 6A-6C are diagrams of the configuration bit system of one embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] FIG. 7 is a diagram of one embodiment of the present invention using multiple address decoders in the embodiment in which the configuration can be allocated to different reconfigurable slices.

[0019] FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a reconfigurable chip 20 of the present invention. Reconfigurable chip 20 is connected to an external memory 22. Data from external memory 22 is loaded into the reconfigurable chip 20 using the memory control 24 and Data Memory Access (DMA) controller 26. The data is sent across an internal bus 28. In a preferred embodiment, the external memory stores blocks 30 of data combined into a group 31. Each block of data includes configuration bits 30aand address bits 30b. A group of blocks can store a downloadable configuration to implement a function for the reconfigurable computer. Configuration data blocks are sent to the memory controller across bus 28 to the data controller 26. The block is then sent to bus 32. The bus 32 splits into the address line 32aand the configuration bit lines 32b. The address lines 32aare sent to address decoder 40. The address decoder produces select lines 42 which are sent to the reconfigurable logic along with the configuration bits along lines 32b. Note that the address decoder 40 can also include a base offset address for the address decoder. The configuration bits on lines 32bare loaded into a row of configuration memory associated with the active select line. Details of this arrangement are shown below in FIGS. 2-4.

[0020] One embodiment of a reconfigurable chip for use with the present invention is disclosed in the patent application “An Integrated Processor And Programmable Data Path Chip For Reconfigurable Computing,” Ser. No. 08/884,380, filed Jun. 27, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,970,254, incorporated herein by reference. Details of a control system which can be loaded using the system of the present invention is described in the patent application, “Control Fabric For Enabling Data Path Flow and CPU Operand Signal Mobility,” Ser. No. 09/401,194 filed Sep. 23, 1999, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,349,346.

[0021] FIG. 2 illustrates the data on the bus including twelve address bits and one hundred and sixteen configuration bits. FIG. 3 shows the address decoder 50 receiving the address bits. The configuration bits and select lines produced by the address decoder are both supplied to a number of memory elements that are used to store the configuration data for the system. Depending upon which select line is active, a row of memory elements are loaded with the configuration bits on the configuration bit lines.

[0022] FIG. 4 illustrates a memory element 52 which can be located at the intersections of the select lines and configuration bits shown in FIG. 3. The memory element 52 produces a configuration bit output on line 54. The memory element also receives a write select line from the address decoder and a configuration bit line. When the write select line goes high, data on the configuration bit line is stored in the memory element 52.

[0023] FIG. 5 illustrates an embodiment of a one type of memory element that can be used with the present invention. The memory element 60 includes a background plane latch and a foreground plane latch. Two different planes of configuration data are stored. During normal operation of the memory element, the nodes 63 and 66 store the foreground plane bit and the background plane bit respectively. When the write select line to multiplexer 62 goes high, data on the data input line 61 is written into the node 66. When the write select line to multiplexer 64 goes high, the value at node 66 is loaded into node 63. This causes the background plane to be loaded into the foreground plane. The reset line 70 can be used to reset the node 66 and 63 to zero.

[0024] FIG. 7 illustrates an alternate embodiment of the present invention. In this alternate embodiment, multiple address decoders are used. A configuration allocation block 80 is used to produce signals to the address decoders to cause the loading of the configurations. In this embodiment, different functions configurations can be dynamically loaded into different slices of the reconfigurable logic. An example of this type of system is described in the patent application, “Configuration Loading And Slice Allocation,” Ser. No. 09/507,344, which is incorporated herein by reference.

[0025] FIGS. 6A-6C illustrate an embodiment of the configuration data arrangement for one embodiment of the present invention. As described above not all of the lines of configuration data need to be stored in each downloaded group.

[0026] The advantage of the present invention is the address for part of the configuration data is stored along with the block including configuration bits. The full configuration need always be downloaded. Some configuration bits in a slice or the entire reconfigurable logic may need only to be zeroed which can be done by a reset signal. Alternately, for reconfigurable computing, only parts of the reconfigurable logic may need be written over with the configuration data during the active processing. Thus, to implement certain functions, not all the configuration bits need to be loaded, and thus, not all the configuration bits need to be stored in the external memory.

[0027] It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or character thereof. The presently disclosed embodiments are therefore considered in all respects to be illustrative and not restrictive. The scope of the invention is illustrated by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and all changes with come within the meaning and range for equivalent thereof are intended to be embraced herein.