Process cartridge

[0002] The present invention relates to a process cartridge.

[0003] Here, the process cartridge is a cartridge containing at least a developing roller as developing means and an electrophotographic photosensitive member as a unit, the cartridge being detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0004] The electrophotographic image forming apparatus is an apparatus in which an image is formed on a recording material (recording paper, textile or the like) using an electrophotographic image forming process, and includes an electrophotographic copying machine, an electrophotographic printer (a LED printer, laser beam printer and so on), an electrophotographic printer type facsimile machine, an electrophotographic word processor and the like.

[0005] In an electrophotographic image forming apparatus using an electrophotographic image forming process, a process cartridge is used that integrally contains an electrophotographic photosensitive member and process means actable on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, the process cartridge being detachably mountable to the main assembly of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus. With this process- cartridge type, the maintenance of the apparatus can be carried out in effect without service people. Therefore, the process cartridge type is widely used in the field of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0006] Such a process cartridge forms an image on recording material with toner. In the process cartridge, the developing roller of the developing means and the electrophotographic photosensitive member are coupled with other by gears.

[0007] During transportation of the process cartridge, the photosensitive drum is press-contacted to the spacer rollers at the end of portions of the developing roller.

[0008] And, the gear fixed coaxially to the photosensitive drum and the gear coaxially fixed to the developing roller are in a regular meshing engagement with each other. By impact or vibration imparted to the process cartridge during transportation, the gear teeth of the gears abut each other with a result of rotation of the photosensitive drum and the developing roller. If the directions of the rotations are all opposite from the directions during the image forming operation, the blow-out preventing sheet counter-directionally contacted to the peripheral surface of the developing roller may be turned over.

[0009] Accordingly, it is a principal object of the present invention to provide a process cartridge in which the developing roller is prevented from or suppressed in rotating in the direction opposite from the regular direction (the direction in which the developing roller rotates during the image formation operation), during the transportation of the process cartridge.

[0010] It is another object of the present invention to provide a process cartridge in which the toner leakage to the outside is effectively prevented.

[0011] According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, comprising: an electrophotographic photosensitive drum; a drum gear provided at one longitudinal end of the photosensitive drum; a developing roller for developing with toner an electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum; a developing roller gear, provided at one longitudinal end of developing roller, for meshing engagement with the drum gear to transmit a driving force for rotating the developing roller from the drum gear; a cleaner container supporting the photosensitive drum; a toner developing container supporting developing roller; a coupling member for rotatably connecting the cleaner container and the toner developing container with each other; an urging member for urging the cleaner container and the toner developing container coupled by the coupling member in the direction of engagement of the drum gear and the developing roller gear with each other; a tape stuck continuously on the cleaner container and the toner developing container to maintain, against an urging force provided by the urging member, a state in which the drum gear developing roller gear are disengaged from each other or in which a back clearance between the drum gear and the developing roller gear is larger than that during image forming operation.

[0012] These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon a consideration of the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0013] FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0014] FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0015] FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0016] FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view of a process cartridge.

[0017] FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a process cartridge.

[0018] FIG. 6 is a side view of a process cartridge.

[0019] FIG. 7 is a partly broken side view of a process cartridge.

[0020] FIG. 8 is a top plan view of a frame of a toner developing container.

[0021] FIG. 9 is a side view of a drum shutter.

[0022] FIG. 10 is a top plan view of a process cartridge.

[0023] FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view of a toner developing container and a cleaner container.

[0024] FIG. 12 is a developed schematic view of a cleaner container.

[0025] FIG. 13 is a horizontal sectional view of a toner developing container.

[0026] FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a toner developing container without a developing roller.

[0027] FIG. 15 is an exploded perspective view of supporting means for the developing roller.

[0028] FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of a toner developing container.

[0029] FIG. 17 is a top plan view of a toner developing container from which the developing roller and the developing blade have been removed.

[0030] FIG. 18 is an enlarged view of the E part in FIG. 17.

[0031] FIG. 19 is an enlarged view of the F part of FIG. 17.

[0032] FIG. 20 is a front view of a toner developing container as seen in the direction opposite from the mounting direction of the process cartridge.

[0033] FIG. 21 is a longitudinal sectional view of a process cartridge.

[0034] FIG. 22 is a side view of a process cartridge.

[0035] FIG. 23 is a side view of a process cartridge.

[0036] FIG. 24 is a side view of a toner developing container.

[0037] FIG. 25 is a side view of a toner developing container.

[0038] FIG. 26 is a longitudinal sectional view of a connecting portion between the toner developing container and the cleaner container.

[0039] FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a toner developing container and a cleaner container.

[0040] FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the photosensitive drum and the developing roller during an image forming operation.

[0041] FIG. 29 is a longitudinal sectional view of the process cartridge during the transportation thereof.

[0042] FIG. 30 is a perspective view illustrating a relationship between the photosensitive drum and the charging roller during transportation of the process cartridge.

[0043] FIG. 31 is a perspective view of a process 10 cartridge during transportation thereof.

[0044] FIG. 32 is a longitudinal sectional view of a toner filling according to a further embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG. 33 is a longitudinal sectional view of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0046] FIG. 34 is a perspective view of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0047] FIG. 35 is a longitudinal sectional view of a process cartridge.

[0048] FIG. 36 is a perspective view of a process cartridge.

[0049] FIG. 37 is a side view of a process cartridge.

[0050] FIG. 38 is a partly broken side view of a process cartridge.

[0051] FIG. 39 is a plan view of a frame constituting a toner developing container.

[0052] FIG. 40 is a side view of a drum shutter.

[0053] FIG. 41 is a plumb view of a process cartridge.

[0054] FIG. 42 is an exploded perspective view of a toner developing container and a cleaner container.

[0055] FIG. 43 is a schematic developed view of a cleaner container.

[0056] FIG. 44 is a horizontal sectional view of a toner developing container.

[0057] FIG. 45 is a perspective view of a toner developing container without a developing roller.

[0058] FIG. 46 is an exploded perspective view of a supporting means for supporting a developing roller.

[0059] FIG. 47 is an exploded perspective view of a toner developing container.

[0060] FIG. 48 is a top plan view of a toner developing container without the developing roller and the developing blade.

[0061] FIG. 49 is an enlarged view of the E part shown in FIG. 48.

[0062] FIG. 50 is an enlarged view of the F part shown in FIG. 48.

[0063] FIG. 51 is a front view of a toner developing container as seen in the direction opposite from the process cartridge mounting direction.

[0064] FIG. 52 is a longitudinal sectional view of a process cartridge.

[0065] FIG. 53 is a side view of a process cartridge.

[0066] FIG. 54 is a side view of a process cartridge.

[0067] FIG. 55 is a side view of a toner developing container.

[0068] FIG. 56 is a side view of a toner developing container.

[0069] FIG. 57 is a longitudinal sectional view illustrating a connecting portion between the toner developing container and the cleaner container.

[0070] FIG. 58 is a perspective view of a cleaner container and a toner developing container.

[0071] FIG. 59 is a longitudinal sectional view of a process cartridge during transportation.

[0072] FIG. 60 is a perspective view of a process cartridge during transportation.

[0073] The preferred Embodiments of the present invention will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0074] (Embodiment 1)

[0075] A description will be provided as to general arrangements of the image forming apparatus and a process cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, and then as to an assembling method of the process cartridge. The process steps of disassembling and reassembling the process cartridge and the reassembled process cartridge will be described finally.

[0076] A description will be provided first as to the general arrangements of an image forming apparatus and a process cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention and then of the manufacturing method of the process cartridge. A description will be provided then as to the steps of disassembling and reassembling of the process cartridge and of the reassembled a process cartridge.

[0077] The remanufacturing of the process cartridge from which the toner has been used up comprises the steps of disassembling of the process cartridge into the toner developing container and the cleaner container, and the toner developing container is partly disassembled, and they are reassembled to provide a process cartridge having the toner developing container that is similar in function to the new process cartridge but has a partly different structure from the new process cartridge.

[0078] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, a description will be provided as to the process cartridge and an image forming apparatus to which the process cartridge is detachably mountable. A description will be provided as to the general arrangements of the process cartridge and the image forming apparatus, and then of the structure of the cartridge frames and the coupling of the frames.

[0079] (General Arrangement)

[0080] The image forming apparatus in this embodiment is an electrophotographic image forming apparatus (laser beam printer) A, as shown in FIG. 1, wherein an electrophotographic photosensitive member in the form of a drum is exposed to information light modulated in accordance with image information from an optical system 1, so that a latent image is formed on the photosensitive member, and the latent image is developed into a toner image. In synchronism with the formation of the toner image, the recording material 2 is fed out, one by one, from a sheet feeding cassette 3ausing a pick-up roller 3band separation claws 3cpress-contacted at the corners of the top surface of the recording material 2, and the sheet is fed by feeding means 3 including a feeding path 3dand a pair of registration rollers. The toner image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member in the process cartridge B is transferred onto the recording material 2 by applying a voltage to transfer means in the form of a transfer roller 4, and then the recording material 2 is fed to fixing means 5 on a feeding path 3f.The fixing means 5 comprises a driving roller 5aand a fixing roller 5ccontaining a heater 5btherein, and a pressure and heat are imparted to the recording material 2, which is passing therethrough, by which the transferred toner image is fixed on the recording material. The recording material 2 is further fed by discharging rollers, and is discharged to a discharging portion 6 through a reverse feeding path.

[0081] On the other hand, the process cartridge B contains the electrophotographic photosensitive member and at least one process means. Here, the process means includes charging means for electrically charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member, the developing means for developing a latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and cleaning means for cleaning the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member to remove residual toner. As shown in FIG. 4, in the process cartridge B of this embodiment, the electrophotographic photosensitive member in the form of an electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7 having a photosensitive layer is rotated, and a voltage is applied on the charging roller 8, which is the charging means, so that the surface of the photosensitive drum 7 is uniformly charged, and the photosensitive drum 7 is exposed to a light image from the optical system 1 through an opening 9, by which and electrostatic latent image is formed, and the image is developed by developing means 10.

[0082] In the developing means 10, the toner in a toner accommodating portion 10ais fed out by feeding means in the form of a rotatable toner feeding member 10b,and a developing roller 10d,containing therein a stationary magnet, is rotated, by which a layer of toner particles, triboelectrically charged by the developing blade 10e,is formed on the surface of the developing roller 10d.The toner is selectively transferred onto the photosensitive drum 7 so that a toner image is formed. The developing roller 10dfunctions to supply the toner to the photosensitive drum 7. The developing blade 10efunctions to regulate a thickness of the toner layer on the surface of the developing roller 10d.

[0083] The transfer roller 4 is supplied with a voltage having a polarity opposite from the polarity of the toner image, by which the toner image is transferred onto the recording material 2. Thereafter, the residual toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 7 is scraped off by the cleaning blade 11a,and the removed toner is received by a receptor sheet 11b,and the received toner is collected into a removed toner accommodating portion 11c.

[0084] (Cartridge Mounting Means)

[0085] Various parts, such as photosensitive drum 7, are supported and accommodated in a cartridge frame, which is provided by coupling the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13. The cartridge is mounted to the main assembly 14 of the apparatus.

[0086] In the cartridge mounting means, when the cover member 15 is opened by rotating it about the shaft 15a(FIGS. 1, 2), there are guide grooves 16, which are inclined toward the rear side at each of the left and right sides of the cartridge mounting space as shown in FIG. 2. The guide grooves 16 are disposed substantially symmetrically. The guide grooves 16 are substantially linear. At the inlet side of the guide grooves 16 there are provided a positioning portion 16c(main assembly side positioning portion 16c).

[0087] On the other hand, at the of the opposite outer ends of the process cartridge, there are provided guide portions correspondingly to the guide grooves 16 to be guided by the guide grooves 16. The guide portions are projected substantially symmetrically at the opposite longitudinal ends, respectively. As shown in FIG. 5, it comprises a boss 18 and a rib 19, which are integral. The boss 18 and the rib 19 are integrally formed with the cleaner container 13 to which the photosensitive drum 7 is mounted, and the boss 18 is disposed on an extension of a rotational excess of the photosensitive drum 7, and the rib 19 is extended from the boss 18 in an inserting direction of the process cartridge B as indicated by an arrow C in FIG. 5. The rib 19 extends inclined downwardly in conformity with the 5 guide grooves 16.

[0088] With this structure, when the process cartridge is to be mounted to the main assembly, as shown in FIG. 2, the cover member 15 is open, and the ribs 19 are engaged into the guide grooves 16, and then, the process cartridge B is inserted into the main assembly 14 of the apparatus. With the insertion, the process cartridge B makes a translational motion, that is, a linear motion inclined downward. When the process cartridge B is further inserted, the boss 18 of the process cartridge B is seated on the main assembly side positioning portion 16cin the inlet of one of the guide grooves 16. Simultaneously, the free end 19aof the rib 19 abuts a stopper surface 16aof one of the guide grooves 16 by a moment about the boss 18 produced by the weight of the process cartridge B. The gravity center of the process cartridge B is at the rib 19 side of the boss 18. Thus, the drum gear 51a(FIG. 5) fixed to an end of the photosensitive drum 7 is brought into meshing engagement with a driving gear 22 (FIG. 2) provided in the main assembly 14, so that driving force can be transmitted to the process cartridge B.

[0089] Then, the cover member 15 is closed, by which the shutter opening lever 55, which is interrelated with the cover member, is rotated in the clockwise direction about the shaft 55cfrom a position 55ato a position 55b,so that it is engaged with a pin 28aprovided on the drum shutter member 28, as shown in FIG. 10, and the drum shutter member 28 is opened about a pin 29 mounted to the cleaner container 13 against a spring force of a spring 27, thus opening a transfer opening 13n.The coil spring 27 is fitted around the pin 29, and one end thereof is engaged to the cleaner container 13, and the other end is engaged to the drum shutter member 28, and therefore, when the cover member 15 is open or when the process cartridge B is outside the main assembly 14, the drum shutter member 28 closes the transfer opening 13nby the spring force of the coil spring 27.

[0090] When the process cartridge B is to be taken out, the cover member 15 is opened, and the shutter opening lever 55 is rotated about the shaft 55cto return from the position 55bto the position 55a.Then, drum shutter member 28 rotates about the pin 29 by the spring force of the coil spring 27, thus closing the transfer opening 13n.The process cartridge B is pulled up such that the boss 18 is away from the positioning portion 16c,and thereafter, the process cartridge B is further pulled up such that ribs 19 are guided by the guide grooves 16.

[0091] (Structure of Cartridge Frame)

[0092] A description will be provided as to the structure of the cartridge frame. The cartridge frame is made of polystyrol resin material by injection molding, and as shown in FIG. 4, a lower developing frame 12bis welded to a side of the developing device frame 12a,and a cap member 12cis welded to the upper portion, thus constituting a toner developing container 12. A cap member 13bis welded to a top of a cleaning frame 13ato constitute an integral cleaner container 13. Then, the cleaner container 13 is coupled with the toner developing container 12 to constitute a cartridge frame.

[0093] The developing device frame 12ais provided at an end thereof with a toner supply opening 12a1, as shown in FIG. 13, 14, and is also provided at one longitudinal end with a toner filling opening 12a2. The developing device frame 12ais provided therein with a plurality of erected supporting members (not shown) in the longitudinal direction. The toner supply opening 12a1 permits the supply of the toner from the toner accommodating portion 10ato the developing roller 10d.The toner in the toner accommodating portion 10dis supplied to the developing roller 10dthrough the toner supply opening 12a1.

[0094] When the developing means is mounted in place, as shown in FIGS. 4, 13, a toner feeding member 10bis mounted in the developing device frame 12a,and thereafter, the cap member 12cis welded to the developing device frame 12a.Subsequently, a toner seal 31 in the form of a film is welded on a surface 12a5 of the seat formed around the circumference of the toner supply opening 12a1 of the toner developing container 12 to seal the opening 12a1. Then, the toner is filled through the toner filling opening 12a2, and thereafter, the filling opening 12a2 is plugged by a cap 32 to seal the toner accommodating portion 10a.The toner seal 31 sealing the toner supply opening 12a1, as shown in FIG. 13, is folded back at one longitudinal end of the opening 12a1, and the free end thereof is extended out through a slit 12a8 of the developing device frame 12a.The free end of the toner seal 31 is nipped by fingers of the user and is pulled out when the user starts the use of the process cartridge B.

[0095] When it is pulled out, the sealing is not complete at the portion where the toner seal 31 extends through the toner developing container 12.

[0096] Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, an elastic sealing material 10hsuch a felt is provided in the slit 12a8 at an end, closer to the free end, of the toner seal 31.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 13, the elastic sealing material 10his overlaid on the toner seal 31 and applies an urging force to the toner seal 31. Therefore, when the toner seal 31 is pulled out, the elastic sealing material 10hoccupies the slit 12a8, which has been occupied by the toner seal 31 to be press-contacted to a wall of the developing device frame 12a,thus preventing leakage of the toner to the outside.

[0098] A description will be provided as to the mounting of the elastic sealing material 10h.As shown in FIG. 15, a part of the arcuate portion 12a6 of the developing device frame 12ais provided with an angle groove 12a26 extending in the longitudinal direction. The bottom of the angle groove 12a26 is flush with the toner seal sticking seat surface 12a5. An elastic sealing material 10h,such as a felt or the like, is stuck on a piece 10jengaged in the angle groove 12a26.

[0099] With this structure even when the toner seal 31 is pulled out, the toner is prevented from leaking to the outside of the toner developing container 12 through the slit 12a8.

[0100] Then, the lower developing frame 12bis welded to the developing device frame 12a.As shown in FIG. 8, the developing device frame 12ais provided at the opposite longitudinal ends of the toner supply opening 12a1 with arcuate portions 12a6 at which the end seals 34 are to be mounted. A flat flange 12a16 is extended between the arcuate portions 12a6 below the seal sticking seat surface 12a5, and the flange 12a16 is substantially perpendicular to the seal sticking seat surface 12a5. On the other hand, lower developing frame 12bis engaged with the longitudinally opposing surfaces of the arcuate portions 12a6. Therefore, in consideration of manufacturing errors, the lower developing frame 12bhas a length which is smaller than the distance between the opposing surfaces of the arcuate portion 12a6 by 2×g, where g is a gap at each of the ends. The flange 12a16 is provided with holes 12a17, and the lower developing frame 12bis provided with dowels 12b3 for engagement with the holes 12a17, respectively. With the dowels 12b3 being in engagement with the respective hole 12a17, the bottom surface of the lower developing frame 12band the top surface of the flange 12a16 of the developing device frame 12aare welded to each other. By doing so, gap g is formed between the arcuate portion 12a6 and the lower developing frame 12bat each end. The dimension of the gap g is not constant when the lower developing frame 12bis fixed to the developing device frame 12a.

[0101] Each of the opposite ends of the lower developing frame 12bis provided with an outward projection 12b2 (FIG. 8). The developing device frame 12ais provided at each of the end portions with a recess 12a18 for engagement with a projection 12b2 when the dowels 12b3 are engaged with the holes 12a17 for the purpose of welding or bonding of the lower developing frame 12b.As shown in FIG. 20, a gap g1 is provided between the recess 12a18 and the projection 12b2. The gap is substantially equal to the gap g formed between the lower developing frame 12band the arcuate portion 12a6.

[0102] As shown in FIG. 8, the arcuate portion 12a6 of the developing device frame 12ais provided with a sticking portion 12a20 to which the end seal 34 is stuck. The sticking portion 12a20 has an arcuate peripheral surface having a common axis with the arcuate portion 12a21 provided longitudinally outside of the arcuate portion 12a6. The axis is the rotational axis of the developing roller 10din the toner developing container 12. The sticking portion 12a20 is provided with an arcuate surface having a radius which is smaller than that of the outer arcuate portion 12a21. An end of the sticking portion 12a20, as shown in FIG. 8, ends short of (inside) the circumference of the outer arcuate portion 12a21.

[0103] As shown in FIGS. 17, 18, 19, when the lower developing frame is welded to or bonded to the developing device frame 12a,a slit 12dis provided between the arcuate portion 12a6 and the lower developing frame 12b.

[0104] The slit 12d,as shown in FIGS. 21 to 23, is on an optical path of a laser beam passing through a gap (development gap) formed between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dprovided by the spacer roller 10d1, which is disposed to each of the opposite end portions of the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10d.An optical path passes through the slit 12d,a slit 10e6 provided in the metal blade 10e2, and a hole 13b1 formed in the cap member 13b.

[0105] In FIG. 21, the laser beam emitted from the laser source 86 has a width that is larger than the gap ( approximately 300 μm) between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10d.The laser beam emitted from the laser source 86 travels through the hole 13b1, the slit 10e6, the gap between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dand the slit 12d,and is then received by a photoreceptor 87. The width of the laser beam received by the photoreceptor 87 is measured in a direction parallel with the face of the sheet of the drawing of FIG. 21. Therefore, the development gap can be detected.

[0106] The measurement of the gap between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dusing the laser beam, is effected at each of opposite longitudinal ends of the photosensitive drum 7 (two positions). Therefore, the hole 13b1, the slit and the slit 10e6, 12dare each provided at least two positions (adjacent opposite longitudinal ends).

[0107] After the lower developing frame 12bis welded to the developing device frame 12a,the end seal 34 and the seal 35 are mounted.

[0108] As shown in FIG. 16, the end seal 34 functions to provide a seal between the developing device frame 12aand each of the end portions of the developing blade 10eand each of the end portions of the developing roller 10d,and it comprises an arcuate portion 34acontactable to the developing roller 10dalong its circumferential surface and an integral linear portion 34balong a rear surface of each of the end portions of the metal blade 10e2. The outer circumference of the arcuate portion 34ais stuck to the sticking portion 12a20 of the developing device frame 12a.

[0109] As shown in FIG. 4, a seal 35 of urethane foam or the like is mounted and extended between blade mounting seat surfaces 12a4 formed above the toner discharging opening 12a1 of the toner discharging, and the developing blade 10eis screwed on the blade mounting seat surface 12a4 with the seal 35 therebetween. By doing so, the seal 35 is compressed between the metal blade 10e2 and a developing device frame 12aso that sealing is accomplished between the metal blade 10e2 and the developing device frame 12a.

[0110] The development holder 36 shown in FIGS. 16, 24 is secured to one of the ends of the developing device frame 12a,and the development holder 37 shown in FIGS. 16, 25 is secured to the other end thereof. The development holders 36, 37 are fixed to the developing device frame 12aby small screws 56, 57.

[0111] The shaft 10d2 of the developing roller 10dat one end is engaged with a fixed bearing 33bwhich is in the form of a shaft integral with the development holder 37 shown in FIGS. 15, 16. The developing roller shaft 10d2 is received by a bearing hole 33a2 of the bearing 33aat the other end of the developing roller 10d,and as shown in FIG. 15, a hole 33a4 is engaged with a positioning dowel 12a7 provided on the developing device frame 12aat an outside of one of the longitudinal ends. Then, the developing roller gear 10fis engaged with the developing roller shaft 10d2. The engaging portion 33a3 of the bearing 33ais engaged with a part cylindrical engaging portion 36aof the development holder 36. At this time, the developing roller gear 10fis accommodated in the development holder 36. A small screw 56 is penetrated through a hole 36cof the development holder 36, and a hole 33a1 of the bearing 33aand is threaded into a female screw 12a13 of the developing device frame 12a.The gear accommodating portion 36boutside the development holder 36 is part-cylindrical, and when the toner developing container 12 and a cleaner container 13 are coupled, the developing roller gear 10fis brought into meshing engagement with the drum gear 51athrough the open part of the gear accommodating portion 36b.

[0112] Each of the development holders 36, 37 is provided with an integral arm portion 38 functioning as a connecting portion for connecting the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13.

[0113] The toner developing container 12 having the various members constituting the developing means and the cleaner container 13 having the various members constituting the photosensitive drum 7, the charging roller 8, and a cleaning means are coupled by the arm portions 38 to constitute the process cartridge B.

[0114] (Coupling Between Toner Developing Container and Cleaner Container)

[0115] Referring to FIGS. 7, 11, 24, 25, 26, a description will be provided as to the coupling between the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13. FIGS. 7 and 11 are a side view and a perspective view illustrating the coupling between the containers 12, 13; FIG. 26 shows the inside of the coupling portion; and FIGS. 24, 25 are side views of the copper end portion of the toner developing container 12. The containers 12, 13 are rotatably coupled through the arms 38 at the opposite ends. Since the covering structures at the left and right ends are substantially the same, a description will be provided as to only one end. However, the portions with a difference between the left and right hands will be described for the respective ends.

[0116] As shown in FIGS. 11 and 24, the developing device frame 12ais provided with an integral spring mounting portion 12a28, on which a compression coil spring 40 is mounted. The position of the compression coil spring 40 is adjacent one of the longitudinal ends of the developing device frame 12a,and is away from the arm portion 38 in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction. The compression coil spring 40 is extended out in parallel with the arm portion 38. At a longitudinal free end portion of the arm portion 38 where the compression coil spring 40 is provided, a through-hole 38bis provided for receiving a pin 41, which will be described hereinafter. As shown in FIG. 26, an outer wall 13qof the cleaner container 13 is provided with a hole 13cfor receiving the pin 41, and an inner wall 13dthereof is provided with a hole 13efor being press fitted by the pin 41. The hole 13cand the hole 13eare aligned along a line parallel with the photosensitive drum 7. An elongated bore 38b1 is formed in the arm portion 38 and the other end of the cleaner container 13, and a line connecting the center of the elongated bore 38b1 and the hole 38bpasses through the centers of the holes 13c,13e.The elongated bore 38b1 is elongated in a direction parallel with a line connecting the center of the photosensitive drum 7 and the center of the developing roller 10d,and a width of the elongated bore 38b1 is equal to the diameter of the pin 41.

[0117] When the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 are coupled together with each other, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 11, the arm portion 38 of the toner developing container 12 is inserted into the recess 13hof the cleaner container 13, and the pin 41 is penetrated through the hole 13c,13cof the cleaner container 13, the through hole 38b,of the arm portion 38, and the elongated bore 38b1 in the order named, and is press-fitted into the hole 13e,13eof the inner wall 13d.By doing so, the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 are rotatably coupled for rotation about the pin 41. At this time, the compression coil spring 40 mounted to the developing device frame 12ais compressed by the abutment to the spring seat 13f(FIG. 26) of the cleaner container 13. The photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dare urged toward each other about the pin 41 so that spacer rollers 10d1 of the developing roller 10dare press-contacted to the photosensitive drum 7.

[0118] Because of the provision of the elongated bore 38b1, the photosensitive drum 7 and spacer rollers 10d1 of the developing roller 10dare contacted to each other at the generating lines thereof. The generating lines are parallel with the center lines of the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10d.

[0119] FIG. 7 shows an end surface portion that is opposite from the end where the compression coil spring 40 is provided. Opposite ends of a tension coil spring 59 are engaged with a spring hook 13pof the cleaner container 13 and a spring hook 12a29 of the developing device frame 12aof the toner developing container 12, respectively. The direction of the tension coil spring 59 is substantially parallel with a line connecting the centers of the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10d.

[0120] By the compression coil spring 40 and the tension coil spring 59, the developing roller 10dmounted in the toner developing container 12 is urged toward the photosensitive drum 7 mounted in the cleaner container 13, so that spacer rollers 10d1 at the opposite longitudinal ends of the developing roller 10dare contacted to the photosensitive drum 7, by which the developing roller 10dis correctly positioned relative to the photosensitive drum 7. The drum gear 51afixed to the end of the photosensitive drum 7 is brought into meshing engagement with the developing roller gear 10ffixed to the end of the developing roller 10d,so that a driving force can be transmitted.

[0121] (Gap between Photosensitive Drum and Developing Roller)

[0122] When the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dare contacted to each other, the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fare in meshing engagement with each other. When the process cartridge is transported with the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fare in meshing engagement with each other, the tooth surfaces of the gears are in contact, and therefore, they may be rotated by impact or vibration. If the direction of the rotation is as indicated by an arrow AA in FIG. 52 (the same direction as in the image forming operation), there is no problem. However, the direction of the rotation is not assured, since the vibration or the impact during the transportation occurs at random. If the photosensitive drum 7 rotates in the direction indicated by an arrow BB, that is, if the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dare rotated in the direction opposite from the normal direction, the toner may be leaked out through between the jaw seal 42 (blow-out preventing sheet) and the developing roller 10d,and in the worst-case, the seal 42 may be wound around the developing roller since the preventing sheet is contacted to the developing roller counter directionally. In addition, the scraper 60, mounted to each of the opposite ends of the developing blade 10eand functioning to guide the toner inwardly at the opposite ends of the developing roller 10d,can operate correctly when the developing roller 10drotates in the normal direction, and therefore, if it is rotated in the wrong direction, the toner may leak out at the opposite ends of the developing roller 10d.

[0123] In this embodiment, the back clearance of the meshing between the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fis made larger than that during the image formation operation to avoid abutment between the tooth surfaces during transportation. Another alternative is to disengage them for transportation.

[0124] Referring to FIG. 30, a description will be provided as to means for maintaining the disengaged state or large back clearance between the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10f.In the case of FIG. 29, a tape is stuck over the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 with the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fdisengaged from each other or with the large back clearance.

[0125] FIG. 31 is a perspective view with the tape stuck in this manner.

[0126] More particularly, a force is applied to bias the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 toward each other and positions across a vertical surface passing through a point P which is a pivot between the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 from the portion where the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dare provided, as indicated by an arrow N in FIGS. 29 and 59, by which the back clearance between the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fis increased, or they are disengaged from each other. The force is against the spring force provided by the tension coil spring 59 (FIG. 7) and the compression coil spring 40 (FIG. 11) for urging the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dtoward each other. Therefore, the tape 81 is stretched by the springs 40, 59. Therefore, the tape 81 has sufficient width and thickness such that stress during the transportation is within a tolerable range, and in addition, the adhesive material or the adhesive material for the tape has also sufficient bonding strength against the toner developing device frame 12aand the cleaner container 13.

[0127] When the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dare moved away from each other, the back clearance between the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fincreases, and the gear teeth are separated from each other.

[0128] The tape 81 may be an adhesive tape which is easy to handle.

[0129] The tape 81 is a single tape, and is disposed in the longitudinally central portion of the process cartridge B. By doing so, the containers 12, 13 are not deformed irregularly despite the regular force imparted to the toner developing container 12 and/or the cleaner container 13.

[0130] An end of the tape 81 is folded back to provide a tag 81a.The tape 81 can be peeled off using the tag 81a.

[0131] After the manufacturing of the process cartridge B, it is shipped out with the back clearance between the developing roller gear 10fand the drum gear 51aincreased by the tape 81 or with the gears disengaged from each other. Before a user mounts the process cartridge B into the main assembly 14 of the image forming apparatus, the tape 81 is peeled off using the tag 81a.Or, the tape 81 is cut by scissors at a portion between the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 where the tape 81 is not stuck. Then, the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 are rotated to each other about the pin 41 by the spring forces provided by the springs 40, 59, so that developing roller gear 10fand the drum gear 51aare brought into meshing engagement with each other. Simultaneously, the spacer roller 10d1 and the photosensitive drum 7 are press-contacted to each other.

[0132] When the developing roller gear 10fand the drum gear 51aare disengaged from each other, the exposure opening 9 for transmitting the image light onto the photosensitive drum 7 is closed. Therefore, the photosensitive drum 7 is substantially completely closed with the aid of the drum shutter member 28.

[0133] When the process cartridge is transported with the developing roller gear 10fand the drum gear 51adisengaged from each other, the image region of the photosensitive drum 7 is protected from contacting the developing roller 10ddue to such a large force imparted to the process cartridge B that the gap ( approximately 300 μm) between the developing roller 10dand the photosensitive drum 7 otherwise disappears.

[0134] (Embodiment 2)

[0135] A description will be provided as to Embodiment 2 in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0136] A description will be provided as to general arrangements of the image forming apparatus and a process cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention, and then as to an assembling method of the process cartridge. The process steps of disassembling and reassembling the process cartridge and the reassembled process cartridge will be described finally.

[0137] Referring to FIGS. 32 to 36, the process cartridge and the image forming apparatus to which the process cartridge is detachably mountable, will be described.

[0138] (General Arrangement)

[0139] The image forming apparatus in this embodiment is an electrophotographic image forming apparatus (laser beam printer) A, as shown in FIG. 32, wherein an electrophotographic photosensitive member in the form of a drum is exposed to information light modulated in accordance with image information from an optical system 1, so that a latent image is formed on the photosensitive member, and the latent image is developed into a toner image. In synchronism with the formation of the toner image, the recording material 2 is fed out one by one from a sheet feeding cassette 3ausing a pick-up roller 3band separation claws 3cpress-contacted at the corners of the top surface of the recording material 2, and the sheet is fed by feeding means 3 including a feeding path 3dand a pair of registration rollers. The toner image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member in the process cartridge B is transferred onto the recording material 2 by applying a voltage to transfer means in the form of a transfer roller 4, and then the recording material 2 is fed to fixing means 5 on a feeding path 3f.The fixing means 5 comprises a driving roller 5aand a fixing roller 5ccontaining a heater 5btherein, and pressure and heat are imparted to the recording material 2 which is passing therethrough, by which the transferred toner image is fixed on the recording material. The recording material 2 is further fed by discharging rollers, and is discharged to a discharging portion 6 through a reverse feeding path.

[0140] On the other hand, the process cartridge B contains the electrophotographic photosensitive member and at least one of process means. Here, the process means includes charging means for electrically charging the electrophotographic photosensitive member, the developing means for developing a latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and cleaning means for cleaning the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive member to remove residual toner. As shown in FIG. 35, in the process cartridge B of this embodiment, the electrophotographic photosensitive member in the form of an electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7 having a photosensitive layer is rotated, and a voltage is applied on the charging roller 8 which is the charging means, so that the surface of the photosensitive drum 7 is uniformly charged, and the photosensitive drum 7 is exposed to image light from the optical system 1 through an opening 9, by which an electrostatic latent image is formed, and the image is developed by developing means 10.

[0141] In the developing means 10, the toner in a toner accommodating portion 10ais fed out by feeding means in the form of a rotatable toner feeding member 10b,and a developing roller 10dcontaining therein a stationary magnet is rotated, by which a layer of toner particles triboelectrically charged by the developing blade 10eis formed on the surface of the developing roller 10d.The toner is selectively transferred onto the photosensitive drum 7 so that a toner image is formed. The developing roller 10dfunctions to supply the toner to the photosensitive drum 7. The developing blade 10efunctions to regulate a thickness of the toner layer on the surface of the developing roller 10d.

[0142] The transfer roller 4 is supplied with a voltage having a polarity opposite from the polarity of the toner image, by which the toner image is transferred onto the recording material 2. Thereafter, the residual toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 7 is scraped off by the cleaning blade 11a,and the removed toner is received by a receptor sheet 11b,and the received toner is collected into a removed toner accommodating portion 11c.

[0143] (Cartridge Mounting Means)

[0144] Various parts such as the photosensitive drum 7 are supported and accommodated in a cartridge frame that is provided by coupling the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13. The cartridge is mounted to the main assembly 14 of the apparatus.

[0145] In the cartridge mounting means, when the cover member 15 is opened by rotating it about the shaft 15a(FIGS. 32, 33), there are guide grooves 16 which are inclined toward the rear side at each of the left and right sides of the cartridge mounting space as shown in FIG. 33. The guide grooves 16 are disposed substantially symmetrically. The guide grooves 16 are substantially linear. At the inlet side of the guide grooves 16 there is provided a positioning portion 16c(main assembly side positioning portion 16c).

[0146] On the other hand, at the opposite outer ends of the process cartridge, there are provided guide portions correspondingly to the guide grooves 16 to be guided by the guide grooves 16. The guide portions are projected substantially symmetrically at the opposite longitudinal ends, respectively. As shown in FIG. 36, it comprises a boss 18 and a rib 19 that are integral. The boss 18 and the rib 19 are integrally formed with the cleaner container 13 to which the photosensitive drum 7 is mounted, and the boss 18 is disposed on an extension of a rotational axis of the photosensitive drum 7, and the rib 19 is extended from the boss 18 in an inserting direction of the process cartridge B as indicated by an arrow C in FIG. 36. The rib 19 extends inclined downwardly in conformity with the guide grooves 16.

[0147] With this structure, when the process cartridge is to be mounted to the main assembly, as shown in FIG. 33, the cover member 15 is open, and the ribs 19 are engaged into the guide grooves 16, and then, the process cartridge B is inserted into the main assembly 14 of the apparatus. When the process cartridge B is further inserted, the boss 18 of the process cartridge B is seated on the main assembly side positioning portion 16cin the inlet of the guide groove 16. Simultaneously, the free end 19aof the rib 19 is abutted to a stopper surface 16aof the guide groove 16 by a moment about the boss 18 produced by the weight of the process cartridge B. Thus, the drum gear 51a(FIG. 36) fixed to an end of the photosensitive drum 7 is brought into meshing engagement with a driving gear 22 (FIG. 33) provided in the main assembly 14, so that a driving force can be transmitted to the process cartridge B.

[0148] Then, the cover member 15 is closed, by which the shutter opening lever 55, which is interrelated with the cover member, is rotated in the clockwise direction about the shaft 55cfrom a position 55ato a position 55b,so that it is engaged with a pin 28aprovided on the drum shutter member 28 as shown in FIG. 10, and the drum shutter member 28 is opened about a pin 29 mounted to the cleaner container 13 against a spring force of a spring 27, thus opening a transfer opening 13n.The coil spring 27 is fitted around the pin 29, and one end thereof is engaged to the cleaner container 13, and the other end is engaged to the drum shutter member 28, and therefore, when the cover member 15 is open or when the process cartridge B is outside the main assembly 14, the drum shutter member 28 closes the transfer opening 13nby the spring force.

[0149] When the process cartridge B is to be taken out, the cover member 15 is opened, and the shutter opening lever 55 is rotated about the shaft 55cto return from the position 55bto the position 55a.Then, drum shutter member 28 rotates about the pin 29 by the spring force of the coil spring 27, thus closing the transfer opening 13n.The process cartridge B is pulled up such that in the boss 18 is away from the positioning portion 16c,and thereafter, the process cartridge B is further pulled up such that ribs 19 are guided by the guide grooves 16.

[0150] (Structure of Cartridge Frame)

[0151] A description will be provided as to the structure of the cartridge frame. The cartridge frame is made of polystyrol resin material by injection molding, and as shown in FIG. 35, a lower developing frame 12bis welded to a side of the developing device frame 12a,and a cap member 12cis welded to the upper portion, thus constituting a toner developing container 12. A cap member 13bis welded to a top of a cleaning frame 13ato constitute an integral cleaner container 13. Then, the cleaner container 13 is coupled with the toner developing container 12 to constitute a cartridge frame.

[0152] The developing device frame 12ais provided at an end thereof with a toner supply opening 12a1, as shown in FIGS. 44, 45, and is also provided at one longitudinal end with a toner filling opening 12a2. The developing device frame 12ais provided therein with a plurality of erected supporting members (not shown) in the longitudinal direction. The toner supply opening 12a1 permits supply of the toner from the toner accommodating portion 10ato the developing roller 10d.The toner in the toner accommodating portion 10dis supplied to the developing roller 10dthrough the toner supply opening 12a1.

[0153] When the developing means is mounted in place, as shown in FIGS. 35, 44, a toner feeding member 10bis mounted in the developing device frame 12a,and thereafter, the cap member 12cis welded to the developing device frame 12a.Subsequently, a toner seal 31 in the form of a film is welded on a surface 12a5 of the seat formed around the circumference of the toner supply opening 12a1 of the toner developing container 12 to seal the opening 12a1. Then, the toner is filled through the toner filling opening 12a2, and thereafter, the filling opening 12a2 is plugged by a cap 32 to seal the toner accommodating portion 10a.The toner seal 31 sealing the toner supply opening 12a1, as shown in FIG. 44, is folded back at one longitudinal end of the opening 12a1, and the free end thereof is extended out through a slit 12a8 of the developing device frame 12a.The free end of the toner seal 31 is nipped by fingers of the user and is pulled out when the user starts to use the process cartridge B.

[0154] When it is pulled out, the seal is not complete at the portion where the toner seal 31 extends through the toner developing container 12.

[0155] Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, an elastic sealing member 10hsuch a felt is provided in the slit 12a8 at an end, closer to the fee end, of the toner seal 31.

[0156] As shown in FIG. 44, the elastic sealing material 10his overlaid on the toner seal 31 and urges the toner seal 31. Therefore, when the toner seal 31 is pulled out, the elastic sealing material 10hoccupies the slit 12a8 which has been occupied by the toner seal 31 to be press-contacted to a wall of the developing device frame 12a,thus preventing leakage of the toner to the outside.

[0157] A description will be provided as to the mounting of the elastic sealing material 10h.As shown in FIG. 46, apart of the arcuate portion 12a6 of the developing device frame 12ais provided with an angle groove 12a26 extending in the longitudinal direction. The bottom of the angle groove 12a26 is flush with the toner seal sticking seat surface 12a5. An elastic sealing material 10hsuch as a felt or the like is stuck on a piece 10jengaged in the angle groove 12a26.

[0158] With this structure, even when the toner seal 31 is pulled out, the toner is prevented from leaking to the outside of the toner developing container 12 through the slit 12a8.

[0159] Then, the lower developing frame 12bis welded to the developing device frame 12a.As shown in FIG. 39, the developing device frame 12ais provided at the opposite longitudinal ends of the toner supply opening 12a1 with arcuate portions 12a6 at which the end seals 34 are to be mounted. A flat flange 12a16 is extended between the arcuate portions 12a6 below the seal sticking seat surface 12a5, and the flange 12a16 is substantially perpendicular to the seal sticking seat surface 12a5. On the other hand, lower developing frame 12bis engaged with the longitudinally opposing surfaces of the arcuate portions 12a6. Therefore, in consideration of manufacturing errors, the lower developing frame 12bhas a length which is smaller than the distance between the opposing surfaces of the arcuate portion 12a6 by 2×g where g is a gap at each ends. The flange 12a16 is provided with holes 12a17, and the lower developing frame 12bis provided with dowels 12b3 for engagement with the holes 12a17, respectively. With the dowels 12b3 being in engagement with the respective hole 12a17, the bottom surface of the lower developing frame 12band the top surface of the flange 12a16 of the developing device frame 12aare welded to each other. By doing so, a gap g is formed between the arcuate portion 12a6 and the lower developing frame 12bat each end. The dimension of the gap g is not constant when the lower developing frame 12bis fixed to the developing device frame 12a.

[0160] Each of the opposite ends of the lower developing frame 12bis provided with an outward projection 12b2 (FIGS. 35 and 39). The developing device frame 12ais provided at each of the end portions with a recess 12a18 for engagement with a projection 12b2 when the dowels 12b3 are engaged with the holes 12a17 for the purpose of welding or bonding of the lower developing frame 12b.As shown in FIGS. 49, 50, and 51, a gap g1 is provided between the recess 12a18 and the projection 12b2. The gap is substantially equal to the gap g formed between the lower developing frame 12band the arcuate portion 12a6.

[0161] The gap between the projection 12b2 and the recess 12a18 is sealed by sealing material 39.

[0162] As shown in FIG. 39, the arcuate portion 12a6 of the developing device frame 12ais provided with a sticking portion 12a20 to which the end seal 34 is stuck. The sticking portion 12a20 has an arcuate peripheral surface having a common axis with the arcuate portion 12a21 provided longitudinally outside of the arcuate portion 12a6. The axis is the rotational axis of the developing roller 10din the toner developing container 12. The sticking portion 12a20 is provided with an arcuate surface having a radius which is smaller than that of the outer arcuate portion 12a21. An end of the sticking portion 12a20, as shown in FIG. 8, ends short of (inside) the circumference of the outer arcuate portion 12a21.

[0163] As shown in FIGS. 48, 49, 50, when the lower developing frame is welded to or bonded to the developing device frame 12a,a slit 12dis provided between the arcuate portion 12a6 and the lower developing frame 12b.

[0164] The slit 12d,as shown in FIGS. 52 to 54, is on an optical path of a laser beam passing through a gap (development gap) formed between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dprovided by the spacer roller 10d1, which is disposed to each of the opposite end portions of the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10d.An optical path passes through the slit 12d,a slit 10e6 provided in the metal blade 10e2 and a hole 13b1 formed in the cap member 13b.

[0165] In FIGS. 52-54, the laser beam emitted from the laser source 86 has a width which is larger than the gap ( approximately 300 μm) between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10d.The laser beam emitted from the laser source 86 travels through the hole 13b1, the slit 10e6, the gap between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dand the slit 12d,and is then received by a photoreceptor 87. The width of the laser beam received by the photoreceptor 87 is measured in a direction parallel with the face of the sheet of the drawing of FIG. 52. Therefore, the development gap can be detected.

[0166] The measurement of the gap between the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dusing the laser beam, is effected at each of opposite longitudinal ends of the photosensitive drum 7 (two positions). Therefore, the hole 13b1, the slit and the slit 10e6, 12dare each provided at at least two positions (adjacent opposite longitudinal ends).

[0167] After the lower developing frame 12bis welded to the developing device frame 12a,the end seal 34 and the seal 35 are mounted.

[0168] As shown in FIGS. 46 and 47, the end seal 34 functions to provide a seal between the developing device frame 12aand each of the end portions of the developing blade 10eand each of the end portions of the developing roller 10d,and it comprises an arcuate portion 34acontactable to the developing roller 10dalong its circumferential surface and an integral linear portion 34balong a rear surface of each of the end portions of the metal blade 10e2. The outer circumference of the arcuate portion 34ais stuck to the sticking portion 12a20 of the developing device frame 12a.

[0169] As shown in FIG. 35, a seal 35 of urethane foam or the like is mounted and extended between blade mounting seat surfaces 12a4 formed above the toner discharging opening 12a1 of the toner discharging, and the developing blade 10eis screwed on the blade mounting seat surface 12a4 with the seal 35 therebetween. By doing so, the seal 35 is compressed between the metal blade 10e2 and a developing device frame 12aso that sealing is accomplished between the metal blade 10e2 and the developing device frame 12a.

[0170] The development holder 36 shown in FIG. 56 is secured to one of the ends of the developing device frame 12a,and the development holder 37 shown in FIG. 55 is secured to the other end thereof. The development holders 36, 37 are fixed to the developing device frame 12aby small screws 56, 57.

[0171] The shaft 10d2 of the developing roller 10dat one end is engaged with a fixed bearing 33bwhich is in the form of a shaft integral with the development holder 37 shown in FIG. 46. The developing roller shaft 10d2 is received by a bearing hole 33a2 of the bearing 33aat the other end of the developing roller 10d,and as shown in FIG. 46, a hole 33a4 is engaged with a positioning dowel 12a7 provided on the developing device frame 12aat an outside of one of the longitudinal ends. Then, the developing roller gear 10fis engaged with the developing roller shaft 10d2. The engaging portion 33a3 of the bearing 33ais engaged with a part-cylindrical engaging portion 36aof the development holder 36. At this time, the developing roller gear 10fis accommodated in the development holder 36. A small screw 56 is penetrated through a hole 36cof the development holder 36, a hole 33a1 of the bearing 33aand is threaded into a female screw 12a13 of the developing device frame 12a.The gear accommodating portion 36boutside the development holder 36 is part cylindrical, and when the toner developing container 12 and a cleaner container 13 are coupled, the developing roller gear 10fis brought into meshing engagement with the drum gear 51athrough the open part of the gear accommodating portion 36b.

[0172] Each of the development holders 36, 37 is provided with an integral arm portion 38 functioning as a connecting portion for connecting the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13.

[0173] The toner developing container 12 having the various members constituting the developing means and the cleaner container 13 having the various members constituting the photosensitive drum 7, the charging roller 8 and a cleaning means are coupled by the arm portions 38 to constitute the process cartridge B.

[0174] (Coupling Between Toner Developing Container and Cleaner Container)

[0175] Referring to FIGS. 38, 42, 55, 56, 57, a description will be provided as to the coupling between the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13. FIGS. 7 and 11 are a side view and a perspective view illustrating the coupling between the containers 12, 13; FIG. 57 shows inside of the coupling portion; and FIGS. 55, 56 are side views of the copper end portion of the toner developing container 12. The containers 12, 13 are rotatably coupled through the arms 38 at the opposite ends. Since the covering structures at the left and right ends are substantially the same, a description will be provided as to only one end. However, the portions of the arm 38 which are different between the left and right hands will be described for the respective ends.

[0176] At a free end portion of the arm portion 38, a through-hole 38bis provided for receiving a pin 41 which will be described hereinafter. As shown in FIG. 57, an outer wall 13qof the cleaner container 13 is provided with a hole 13cfor receiving the pin 41, and an inner wall 13dthereof is provided with a hole 13efor being press-fitted by the pin 41. The hole 13cand the hole 13eare aligned along a line parallel with the photosensitive drum 7. An elongated bore 38b1 is formed in the arm portion 38 and the other end of the cleaner container 13, and a line connecting the center of the elongated bore 38b1 and the hole 38bpasses through the centers of the holes 13c,13e.The elongated bore 38b1 is elongated in a direction parallel with a line connecting the center of the photosensitive drum 7 and the center of the developing roller 10d,and a width of the elongated bore 38b1 is equal to the diameter of the pin 41.

[0177] When the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 are coupled together with each other, as shown in FIGS. 42 and 57, the arm portion 38 of the toner developing container 12 is inserted into the recess 13hof the cleaner container 13, and the pin 41 is penetrated through the hole 13c,13cof the cleaner container 13, the through hole 38b,of the arm portion 38, and the elongated bore 38b1 in the order named, and is press-fitted into the hole 13e,13eof the inner wall 13d.By doing so, the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 are rotatably coupled for rotation about the pin 41.

[0178] Because of the provision of the elongated bore 38b1, the photosensitive drum 7 and spacer rollers 10d1 of the developing roller 10dcontact each other at the generating lines thereof.

[0179] Opposite ends of a tension coil spring 59 are engaged with a spring hook 13pof the cleaner container 13 and a spring hook 12a29 of the developing device frame 12aof the toner developing container 12, respectively. The direction of the tension coil spring 59 is substantially parallel with a line connecting the centers of the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10d.

[0180] By doing so, by the tension coil spring 59, the developing roller 10dmounted in the toner developing container 12 is urged toward the photosensitive drum 7 mounted in the cleaner container 13, so that spacer rollers 10d1 at the opposite longitudinal ends of the developing roller 10dcontact the photosensitive drum 7 by which the developing roller 10dis correctly positioned relative to the photosensitive drum 7. The drum gear 51afixed to the end of the photosensitive drum 7 is brought into meshing engagement with the developing roller gear 10ffixed to the end of the developing roller 10d,so that driving force can be transmitted.

[0181] (Gap between Photosensitive Drum and Developing Roller)

[0182] When the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dcontact each other, the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fare in meshing engagement with each other. When the process cartridge is transported, with the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fare in meshing engagement with each other, the tooth surfaces of the gears are in contact, and therefore, they may be rotated by impact or vibration. If the direction of the rotation is the same direction as in the image forming operation, there is no problem. However, the direction of the rotation is not assured, since the vibration or the impact during the transportation occurs at random. If the photosensitive drum 7 rotates in the direction indicated by an arrow B, that is, if the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dare rotated in the direction opposite from the normal direction, the toner may be leaked out through between the jaw seal 42 (blow-out preventing sheet) and the developing roller 10d,and in the worst-case, the seal 42 may be wound around the developing roller since the preventing sheet contacts the developing roller counter-directionally.

[0183] In this embodiment, the back clearance of the meshing between the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fis made larger than that during the image formation to avoid abutment between the tooth surfaces during the transportation. Another alternative is to disengage them for the transportation.

[0184] Referring to FIG. 30, a description will be provided as to means for maintaining the disengaged state or large back clearance between the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10f.In the case of FIGS. 59 and 60, a tape 81 is stuck over the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 with the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fdisengaged from each other or with the large back clearance.

[0185] More particularly, a force is applied to the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 toward each other and positions across a vertical surface passing through a point P which is a pivot between the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 from the portion where the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dare provided, as indicated by an arrow N in FIG. 59, by which the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fare disengaged from each other. The force is against the spring force provided by the tension coil spring 59 (FIGS. 37 and 38) for urging the photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller 10dtoward each other. Therefore, the tape 81 is stretched by the springs 40, 59. Therefore, the tape 81 has sufficient width and thickness such that stress during the transportation is within a tolerable range, and in addition, the adhesive material or the adhesive material for the tape has also sufficient bonding strength against the toner developing device frame 12aand the cleaner container 13.

[0186] As regards the elements and functions which are not described are the same as with Embodiment 1.

[0187] The above-described embodiment of the present invention are summarized as follows.

[0188] 1. A process cartridge B detachably mountable to a main assembly 14 of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, comprises:

[0189] an electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7;

[0190] a drum gear 51aprovided at one longitudinal end of the photosensitive drum 7;

[0191] a developing roller 10dfor developing with toner an electrostatic latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 7;

[0192] a developing roller gear 10f,provided at one longitudinal end of the developing roller, for meshing engagement with the drum gear 51ato transmit a driving force for rotating the developing roller from the drum gear 51a;

[0193] a cleaner container 13 supporting the photosensitive drum 7;

[0194] a toner developing container 12 supporting the developing roller;

[0195] a coupling member 41 for rotatably connecting the cleaner container 13 and the toner developing container 12 with each other;

[0196] an urging member 40, 59 for urging the cleaner container 13 and the toner developing container 12 coupled by the coupling member 41 in the direction of engagement of the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fwith each other;

[0197] a tape 81 stuck continuously on the cleaner container 13 and the toner developing container 12 to maintain, against an urging force provided by the urging member 40, 59, a state in which the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fare disengaged from each other or in which a back clearance between the drum gear 51aand the developing roller gear 10fis larger than that during image forming operation.

[0198] 2. An apparatus according to Paragraph 1, wherein the coupling member 41 is a pin 41 for rotatably coupling the cleaner container 13 and the toner developing container 12.

[0199] 3. A process cartridge B according to Paragraph 2, wherein the gears of the developing roller and the electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7 are disengaged from each other by urging the toner developing container 12 and the cleaner container 13 toward each other at a position across the pin 41 from the developing roller.

[0200] 4. A process cartridge B according to Paragraph 3, wherein the gears of the developing roller and the electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7 are disengaged from each other by adhering the tape 81 at a position across the pin 41 from the developing roller.

[0201] 5. A process cartridge B according to Paragraph 4, wherein the tape 81 is peelable or cuttable.

[0202] 6. A process cartridge B according to Paragraph 5, wherein the tape 81 is an adhesive tape 81.

[0203] 7. A process cartridge B according to any one of Paragraphs 4 to 6, wherein the tape 81 is a single tape 81 disposed substantially at a central portion of the process cartridge B with respect to a longitudinal direction of the developing roller.

[0204] 8. A process cartridge B according to any one of Paragraphs 4 to 7, wherein the tape 81 is provided with a tag 81 at its end.

[0205] 9. A process cartridge B according to any one of Paragraphs 4 to 8, wherein a notification that tape 81 is to be removed or cut is on a side of the tape 81 which is visible by a user.

[0206] 10. A process cartridge B according to any one of Paragraphs 1 to 9, wherein the state is maintained after the process cartridge B is manufactured and before the process cartridge B is mounted to the main assembly 14 of the apparatus.

[0207] 11. A process cartridge B according to Paragraph 1, further comprising an opening, at a position across the coupling member 41 from the electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7 between the cleaner container 13 and the toner developing container 12, for passing image light for exposing the electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7, wherein when the gears of the electrophotographic photosensitive drum 7 and the developing roller are disengaged, the opening is closed.

[0208] As described in the foregoing according to the present invention, the roller is effectively prevented from rotating in the direction opposite from the regular direction which is the direction during the image forming operation.

[0209] While the invention has been described with reference to the structures disclosed herein, it is not confined to the details set forth and this application is intended to cover such modifications or changes as may come within the purpose of the improvements or the scope of the following claims.