Embedded antenna in a type II PCMCIA card

[0002] The present invention relates to network interface cards. In particular, the present invention pertains to a device that provides an antenna for wireless transmission on a peripheral component (e.g., a type II PCMCIA card), along with a receptacle (e.g., an X-Jack™) and a wireline connector (e.g., a 15-pin connector).

[0003] Computers have become an integral tool used in a wide variety of different applications, such as in finance and commercial transactions, computer-aided design and manufacturing, health care, telecommunication, education, etc. Computers are finding new applications as a result of advances in hardware technology and rapid development in software technology. Furthermore, a computer system's functionality is dramatically enhanced by connecting it to a network, another computer, or a device such as a FAX machine. This allows the computer to exchange files; share information stored on a common database; connect to the Internet; and communicate via FAXes, e-mail, and teleconferencing.

[0004] In some instances, in order make such connections, a peripheral component generally known as a network interface card (NIC) must be inserted into the general purpose computer. The NIC may provide multiple ways to make such connections. For example, the NIC may have a receptacle for plugging in a jack which interfaces with a modem, LAN, or ISDN. Alternatively, a wireline connector on the NIC may allow a connection via a parallel cable, a serial cable, a SCSI cable, etc. to another device. Essentially, the peripheral component works with the operating system and central processing unit (CPU) of the host computer to control the flow of information over the various types of connections.

[0005] In addition to the two type of connections listed above, it is becoming increasingly desirable to provide a wireless connection to a peripheral component. Unfortunately, peripheral components, such as PCMCIA cards have very limited space. Wireless interfaces, such as antennas, have been added to some conventional peripheral components, but at the expense of removing either the receptacle or the wireline connector (e.g., a 15-pin connector.

[0006] Other conventional solutions have modified the 15-pin connector, for example, providing for fewer pins. Unfortunately, this may make the connector incompatible with some technologies.

[0007] Another conventional technique used to add a wireless interface to a peripheral component is to move the location of the receptacle. For practical reasons, all of the interfaces must be at one end of the peripheral component. One conventional solution moves the receptacle from the left edge of the interface end to the middle of the interface end. However, this may interfere with the circuitry inside the peripheral component, a component with very limited internal space.

[0008] The above problems are exceptionally difficult to deal with when the peripheral component is a type II PCMCIA card, as the size and shape of the card is both limited and fixed by standards.

[0009] Accordingly, a need exists for a peripheral component which has multiple types of interfaces. In particular, a need exists for a peripheral component with a receptacle interface, a wireline connector interface, and a wireless interface. A further need exists wherein such a peripheral component is a type II PCMCIA card. A further need exists for such an apparatus which interferes minimally with the circuitry inside of the peripheral component.

[0010] The present invention provides a peripheral component providing multiple types of interfaces. Embodiments of the present invention provide for a peripheral component with a receptacle interface, a wireline interface, and a wireless interface. Embodiments provide for a such a peripheral component being a type II PCMCIA card. Embodiments provide for such as device which interferes minimally with the logical circuitry inside the peripheral component.

[0011] A peripheral component providing multiple types of interfaces is disclosed. In one embodiment, the peripheral component comprises a housing with logical circuitry within. A platform operable to move in and out of the housing is coupled to the housing. The platform has a receptacle interface which is electrically connected to the logical circuitry. Additionally, the platform has a wireline interface also electrically connected to the logical circuitry. Furthermore, an antenna is embedded in the platform and electrically connected to the logical circuitry.

[0012] In one embodiment, the printed circuit board of the peripheral component functions as a resonator to launch wireless signals through the antenna.

[0013] In another embodiment, the receptacle is an X-jack™, the wireline interface is a 15-pin connector. In another embodiment, the peripheral component is a type II PCMCIA card. In one embodiment, the logical circuitry comprises a wireless device. In one embodiment, the wireless device is a Bluetooth™ device.

[0014] In still another embodiment the peripheral component has a peripheral interface, allowing a connection to the host, which is one of the following: a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, a Personal Computer (PC) Card interface, a CardBus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) interface, a mini-PCI interface, a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) interface, an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) interface, and an RS-232 interface.

[0015] Yet another embodiment provides for a platform for providing multiple types of interfaces to a peripheral component. The platform comprises a receptacle interface, a wireline interface, and an embedded antenna. Furthermore, the platform is operable to slideably engage the peripheral component, wherein the platform may be moved in and out of the peripheral component.

[0016] These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art after having read the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments which are illustrated in the various drawing figures.

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention:

[0018] FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a peripheral component with various connections, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an exemplary radio frequency device and an antenna, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] FIG. 3 is an illustration of a peripheral component with embedded antennas, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] FIG. 4ais an illustration of the inside of a peripheral component with the slideout retracted, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] FIG. 4bis an illustration of the inside of a peripheral component with the slideout extended, according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0023] Reference will now be made in detail to the preferred embodiments of the invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. While the invention will be described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the invention to these embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications and equivalents, which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Furthermore, in the following detailed description of the present invention, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, it will be obvious to one of ordinary skill in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, components, and circuits have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure aspects of the present invention.

[0024] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a peripheral device 108 coupled to a host device 120 in accordance with the present embodiment of the present invention. Host device 120 is an intelligent electronic device such as a computer system (laptop or desktop) or any of a variety of other devices for which the ability to interface with other devices over multiple types of connections is desired. The peripheral component 108 may be inserted into a slot in the host device 120, leaving one end of the peripheral component 108 exposed. Therefore, various connections may be made to the peripheral component 108.

[0025] In the present embodiment, peripheral component 108 is a type II PCMCIA card. The peripheral component 108 has three different types of interfaces on it. For example, the peripheral component 108 has a receptacle interface, which is an X-Jack™ in a preferred embodiment. In other embodiments, the receptacle is any receptacle suited to receive an RJ11 plug and/or an RJ-45 plug. The receptacle allows the host computer 120 to connect through a phone line (RJ-11) or Ethernet connection (RJ-45) to, for example, the Internet or a LAN 125. The receptacle may also be suitable for an ISDN connection, a Digital Subscriber Line connection (DSL), or the like.

[0026] The peripheral component 108 also comprises a wireline connector. The wireline connector is suitable for any of a number of well known communication standards and protocols, e.g., serial, parallel, SCSI, Firewire (IEEE 1394), etc. In a preferred embodiment, wireline connector is a 15-pin connector. In different embodiments, the wireline connection allows the host computer 120 to interface with a peripheral device 135 via one of the various wireline interfaces, for example, a serial interface, a parallel interface, a SCSI interface, an IEEE 1394 interface, etc.

[0027] The peripheral component 108 also has a wireless interface. In one embodiment, this is an antenna for sending and receiving wireless signals. The antenna couples to a radio frequency (RF) device 200. In a preferred embodiment, the device 200 is a Bluetooth™ device comprising a digital component (e.g., a Bluetooth™ controller) and an analog component (e.g., a Bluetooth™ radio). In another embodiment, the device 200 is a “Bluetooth™-enabled” device; that is, a device adapted to communicate with Bluetooth™ devices. In other embodiments, other types of short-range RF modules may be used. For example, devices which comply with the IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Network Standard or IEEE 802.15 Wireless Personal Area Network Standard, or the like may be used as well. However, the present invention is not to be limited to transmitting at a “Bluetooth frequency” (e.g., about 2.4 GHz-2.5 GHz). Rather, embodiments of the present invention are well suited to wireless transmission at a variety of frequencies, for example, Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) (e.g., approximately 900 MHz, 1.8 GHz, or 1.9 GHz), Personal Communication Services (PCS) (e.g., approximately 1.8 GHz-2 GHz), U.S. cellular (e.g., approximately 824 MHz-854 MHz), European cellular (e.g., approximately 880 MHz-960 MHz), etc.

[0028] In accordance with the present invention, peripheral component 108 and host device 120 are coupled via a single bus 100. Peripheral component 108 can be coupled to computer system 120 using any of a variety of physical bus interfaces (e.g., host interface 110, peripheral interface 115), including but not limited to a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, Personal Computer (PC) Card interface, CardBus or Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) interface, mini-PCI interface, Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) interface, Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) interface, or RS-232 interface. In the present embodiment, interface 110 runs software (e.g., a virtual device driver) that allows peripheral component 108 to interface with the operating system of the host device (e.g., computer system 120). In a preferred embodiment, the bus 100 is a Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA) interface.

[0029] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of RF device 200 with an antenna 205 coupled to it, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. In one embodiment, RF device 200 is a radio transceiver. In a preferred embodiment (the “Bluetooth™ embodiment”), RF device 200 is a Bluetooth™ device or Bluetooth-enabled device comprising a radio frequency (RF) module 210, a link controller 220, a microcontroller (or central processing unit) 230, and an external interface 240. In the present embodiment, RF device 200 is coupled to a host device (e.g., computer system 120) by a system bus 100.

[0030] In the Bluetooth™ embodiment, RF module 210 is a Bluetooth™ radio. The Bluetooth™ radio can provide a bridge to existing data networks, a peripheral interface, and a mechanism to form small private groupings (“piconets”) of connected devices away from fixed network infrastructures.

[0031] In the present embodiment, link controller 220 is a hardware digital signal processor for performing baseband processing as well as other functions such as Quality-of-Service, asynchronous transfers, synchronous transfers, audio coding, and encryption.

[0032] In one embodiment, microcontroller 230 is an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC). In the Bluetooth™ embodiment, microcontroller 230 is a separate central processing unit (CPU) core for managing RF device 200 and for handling some inquiries and requests without having to involve the host device 120. In the Bluetooth™ embodiment, microcontroller 230 runs software that discovers and communicates with other Bluetooth™ devices via the Link Manager Protocol (LMP). The LMP provides a number of services including sending and receiving of data, inquiring of and reporting a name or device identifier, making and responding to link address inquiries, connection setup, authentication, and link mode negotiation and setup. The LMP also can be used to place input/output device 108 in “sniff” mode, “hold” mode, “park” mode or “standby” mode.

[0033] Referring now to FIG. 3, the slideout 350 of the peripheral component 108 will be discussed. Slideout platform 350 slides in and out of the housing 315 of the peripheral component 108. The slideout 350 has embedded antennas 205, which require little space. Consequently, this embodiment of the present invention has enough room to also include a receptacle 310, as well as a wireline connector 320 on the slideout 350. The slideout section 350 has a cutout 330, such that the slideout 350 interferes minimally with the printed circuit board within the peripheral component 108.

[0034] Suitable embedded antennas 205 are readily available from manufacturers such as Rangestar International Corporation of Aptos, Calif. The antenna 205 may use the ground plane of the printed circuit board within the peripheral component 108 as a resonator to launch wireless transmissions. Small antennas measuring as little as 18 mm by 4 mm by 1.6 mm can be manufactured. Other dimensions are available, as well. As peripheral components such as type II PCMCIA cards are 5 mm thick and 54 mm wide, the embedded antenna 205 described herein easily will fit on the slideout section 350. Furthermore, more than one embedded antenna 205 may be included, for example, for improved transmission.

[0035] It is desirable to have a ground plane measuring at least one third of a wavelength. Bluetooth, IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15 transmit at approximately 2.4 GHz, corresponding to a wavelength of approximately 124 mm. Therefore, a ground plane of approximately at least 31 mm is desirable for efficient transmission. Smaller ground planes may be used, although transmission efficiency is reduced. However, it is relatively easy to provide for a 31 mm ground-plane for the antenna 205, by connecting the antenna 205 to the printed circuit board (PCB) in the peripheral component 108, given that PCMCIA cards are about 85 mm by 54 mm.

[0036] The present invention is also well-suited to transmitting at other frequencies. A longer ground plane is desirable for lower frequencies such as cellular (e.g., 800-1000 MHz). However, a ground plane of approximately the needed length (e.g., about 110 mm) can be provided for by the PCB in the peripheral component 108. Additionally, transmission is feasible with a ground plane shorter than one third wavelength, but efficiency may be compromised.

[0037] It is also desirable to provide a small buffer between the antenna 205 and any conductive material. The buffer need only be a few millimeters, for example about 7 mm. This buffer is easily provided for on the slideout section 350 by constructing the slideout with non-conductive material and embedding the antennas 205 a few millimeters from the receptacle 310 and the wireline connector 320.

[0038] Referring now to FIG. 4a, the internal circuitry of the peripheral component 108 will be discussed in greater detail. In FIG. 4a, the slideout 350 is shown inserted inside of the housing 315. In this embodiment, the embedded antenna 205 is connected to the RF device 200 via a micro coaxial flex circuit 402 to transmit the wireless signal. Micro coaxial flex circuits (micro coax cables) are well-known in the art. For example Precision Tube Company, Salisbury, Md. sells numerous suitable cables with outer cable diameters between 0.052 inches and 0.425 inches. Additionally M/A-Com, Waltham, Mass. sells numerous suitable cables. Cables may be manufactured with bend radii between 0.0625 inches and 0.375 inches. These cables are well suited to connecting an antenna to a wireless module in a confined space, such as a type II PCMCIA card with dimensions of 85.6 mm by 54 mm by 5.0 mm.

[0039] FIG. 4B illustrates the slideout 350 in the extracted position. Considering the dimensions of the peripheral component 108, micro coax cables 402 are well-suited to connect the antenna 205 to the RF device 200, while allowing the slideout 350 to be moved from the inserted position (FIG. 4a) to the extracted position (FIG. 4b). The receptacle 310 and the wireline connector 320 may be connected to peripheral component logic 404 via a ribbon cable 408 or other suitable means. Embodiments of the present invention are well-suited to connect the various interfaces to the logical circuitry 404 by other methods, as described herein and as known in the industry. In one embodiment, the logical circuitry 404 comprises a wireless device 200, for example, a Bluetooth™ device.

[0040] The embedded antenna 205 also has an electrical connection 403 to a ground 406 on the logical circuitry 404 (e.g., PCB) of the peripheral component 108. The connection 403 may be made via micro coax cables or other suitable methods. In this fashion, the ground plane of the printed circuit board of the peripheral component 108 acts as a resonator to launch wireless signals.

[0041] In summary, the present invention provides a peripheral component allowing multiple types of interfaces. Embodiments of the present invention allow a peripheral component with a receptacle interface, a wireline interface, and a wireless interface. Embodiments provide for a such a peripheral component being a type II PCMCIA card. Embodiments provide for such as device which minimally interferes with the logical circuitry inside the peripheral component.

[0042] The preferred embodiment of the present invention, a peripheral component allowing multiple types of interfaces, is thus described. While the present invention has been described in particular embodiments, it should be appreciated that the present invention should not be construed as limited by such embodiments, but rather construed according to the following claims.