Optical transmission module for achieving an optimum optical connection and useful for high density mounting

[0002] This application is a divisional application of U.S. Ser. No. 09/357,394, filed Jul. 20, 1999 now U.S. Pat. No. 6,290,402.

[0003] 1. Field of the Invention

[0004] The present invention relates to an optical transmission module or an optical module. In particular, the invention relates to an optical transmission module or an optical module having an optical connector mechanism.

[0005] 2. Description of the Related Art

[0006] Optical communications systems for communications networks having a large capacity of data transmission have been developed for wide spread use and will continue to be further developed in the future considering the demand for multimedia in society.

[0007] Communications systems include optical transmission modules or optical modules that are placed in an optical network unit of an optical transmission network. However, since such optical transmission modules or optical modules are expensive, it is desirable to reduce their cost. One of the reasons why such modules are so expensive is that the conventional optical transmission modules or optical modules are pigtail type modules which cannot be readily detached from the optical fiber. Once the optical fiber is attached to the optical transmission module or optical module, it is difficult to perform reflow soldering and to handle the optical fiber itself.

[0008] Optical transmission modules or optical modules in which the optical fiber is capable of being detached have been proposed. For instance, a surface mountable optical module having a simple type optical connector structure to which an optical fiber is able to be attached is described in IEEE Transactions on Components, Packaging, and Manufacturing Technology-Part B, Vol. 19. No. 3, pp. 524-531, August 1996. This simple type of optical connector includes an optical connector pigtail for the optical fiber and a receptacle that receives the connector positioned at the edge of the optical module.

[0009] By using an optical module having an optical connector structure from which the optical fiber connector can be detached, it becomes relatively simple to perform reflow soldering and handling of the optical module, followed by connection of the optical fiber to the module. The cost of the optical module is also reduced by employing such type of optical connector structure.

[0010] However, in the conventional art, it is necessary to provide sufficient space along the surface of the mounting board adjacent to the receptacle at the edge of the optical module for connecting the optical fiber connector. The reason the space is provided is because the direction of movement of the connector with respect to the receptacle of the module is in parallel with the mounting board surface of the optical module. Since it is necessary to maintain such a space adjacent the module for the connector, other chip components cannot be mounted in the space. Therefore, in the conventional art, a problem arises in that it is difficult to mount several kinds of components on a board in order to achieve high density of the components or to mount the optical module on a central portion of the mounting board.

[0011] Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to solve the problem of the conventional art by providing an optical transmission module or optical module suitable for high density mounting.

[0012] Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical transmission module or optical module having an optical active component with a receptacle prepared at one edge of the optical module for receiving a plug to which an optical fiber is connected. The connection of the receptacle and the plug can be made in a detachable manner from above the module so that the plug is optically coupled with the optical module active component after mounting of the module on a mounting board or surface.

[0013] The optical components mounted in the optical module include an optical fiber, an optical waveguide, an optical device, etc. The housing of the module has a receptacle that is shaped to mechanically fit with the housing of the plug. Further, the plug includes a mechanism to move the optical fiber back and forth with respect to the plug.

[0014] In a circuit board having the optical transmission module or optical module of the invention mounted thereon, a plurality of electronic components can be placed peripherally around the optical transmission module or optical module, and it is still possible to detach the plug from the receptacle.

[0015] An optical connector relating to the present invention includes a receptacle having a first optical fiber extending to an edge of the optical module with a ferrule and a plug to which a second optical fiber is connected that is shaped to fit within with the receptacle in a detachable manner from above the receptacle. In particular, the plug is configured to hold the second optical fiber for optically connecting it with the first optical fiber. The plug preferably includes a mechanism for moving the second optical fiber with respect to the plug in the direction of lightwave propagation of the module. Such a mechanism may include a knob attached to a ferrule to which the second optical fiber is fixed and a resilient member (e.g., a spring) biasing the movement of the knob toward a position in which the ferrule of the plug engages a ferrule of the module.

[0016] Additionally, the present invention provides a method for connecting an optical connector for an optical fiber to a component. The method involves the use of a connector mounted to an optical fiber, such as a plug. The plug has a configuration or shape that interfits with the receptacle from above the module when the plug is pushed or placed in the receptacle. The optical fiber passes through the housing of the plug to the outside of the housing and is optically coupled to the tip of the first optical fiber installed in the receptacle after the plug and receptacle have been fit together. The method also provides for detaching the optical connector or plug from the receptacle by first withdrawing the ferrule of the plug from optical engagement with the ferrule of the receptable and then detaching the plug from the housing of the receptacle by removing it therefrom in an upper direction.

[0017] Through the aforementioned, a high density mounting of the optical transmission module or optical module can be realized.

[0018] The embodiments of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the figures, in which:

[0019] FIG. 1 shows a diagram of an embodiment of an optical transmission module or an optical module of the present invention;

[0020] FIG. 2A shows a sectional diagram of the module taken along line A-A′ shown in FIG. 1, before inserting a plug side of housing 11 into a receptacle side of housing 18;

[0021] FIG. 2B shows a sectional diagram of the module taken along line A-A′ shown in FIG. 1, where a plug side of housing 11 is connected with a receptacle side of housing 18;

[0022] FIG. 2C shows a sectional diagram of the module taken along line A-A′ shown in FIG. 1, with the plug and receptacle being optically connected; and

[0023] FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of a circuit board with an optical transmission module or an optical module of the present invention mounted thereon.

[0024] A description will be given of the present invention by reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0025] FIG. 1 shows an optical transmission module or an optical module 23 of the present invention that includes an optical component module with a receptacle 24 at one side or end of the module 23 and a plug 25 configured to receive the receptacle 24. The receptacle 24 has a partially open top or area facing upwardly that is open to receive the plug as shown by the projection lines in FIG. 1, which shows the preferred embodiment of the optical connector of the present invention.

[0026] As shown in FIG. 1, plug 25 is inserted into the receptacle 24 from above the module or otherwise lowered downwardly into the receptacle from an upper direction. The plug 25 is housed in a housing structure 11 that has a cross-shaped or t-shaped guidance structure that mates with the shape of the upwardly facing open area of the receptacle 24. In the housing 11 of the plug, a ferrule 17 is attached to the end of an optical fiber 15 for establishing an optical connection. Optical fiber 15 exists the housing 11 in a longitudinal direction generally extending in alignment with the lightwave propagation direction or otherwise in a direction transverse to that of the insertion direction of the plug 25 into the receptacle 24. A sleeve 16 prevents optical misalignment and covers the optical fiber 15 and the ferrule 17.

[0027] A knob 13 that is part of a retraction mechanism in plug 25 enables the optical fiber 15 to be moved within the housing 11 in conjunction with the sleeve 16 and the ferrule 17 in the lightwave propagation direction. A knob guidance groove 12 is provided for guiding the movement of and holding the knob 13 in the retracted position. The knob 13 is secured to ferrule 17. A spring 14 pushes against knob 13 to bias the knob, optical fiber 15 and ferrule 17 in the lightwave propagation direction or toward the optical component in the optical component module. The spring, as to be explained hereinafter, provides sufficient force to establish the contact pressure necessary to achieve optical connection between the ferrule 17 of the plug 25 and a ferrule 22 of the optical component module.

[0028] The outer periphery of the plug housing 11 is dimensioned and shaped to fit into the upwardly facing open area of the receptacle. At the time of insertion, the knob 13 is pulled back along knob guidance groove 12. Therefore, the sleeve 16 is retracted and stored within the housing 11 so as to avoid contact with the housing 18 at the time of insertion.

[0029] The receptacle 24 has a housing structure 18. Receptacle 24 is positioned at one end of a side of the module 23, adjacent to an optical component module or package 19. A V-grooved silicon optical bench 20 is placed in the package 19 along with a combined optical fiber with ferrule 22 that is fixed on the substrate 20. An optical device 21 is optically coupled with the optical fiber with ferrule component 22 and is also mounted on the substrate 20. Although the optical device 21 is, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a semiconductor laser diode, other optical devices, such as a photo-diode may be used.

[0030] FIGS. 2A through 2C show a sectional view of the optical module 23 taken along line A-A′ shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2A shows the plug 25 and receptacle 24 just before inserting the plug into the receptacle. At the time of insertion, a knob 13 is pulled back against the force of the spring (to the left side of the figure, as shown) and is positioned within knob guidance groove 12 of FIG. 1. In this position, sleeve 16 is stored completely or fixed within housing 11 and plug 25 is able to be pushed down vertically into receptacle 24 through the upwardly facing open area or top of the receptacle to become seated within the receptacle. That is, the plug housing 11 mates with receptacle 25 when pushed into the receptacle in an insertion direction extending transverse to the direction of the lightwave propagation direction of the optical connection to be established between optical fiber 15 and the ferrule and optical fiber component 22.

[0031] FIG. 2B shows the positioning of plug housing 11 within the receptacle housing 18. The insertion of the plug housing 11 into the receptacle is stopped by a bottom wall of the receptacle housing 18 and a height of ferrule 17 is fixed correspondingly. After the plug 25 has been seated into the receptacle 24, knob 13 is released by bringing it back to an original position along the knob guidance groove 12 in which the sleeve 16 is biased toward package 23 by spring 14.

[0032] FIG. 2C shows the position after knob 13 has been released. In this position, ferrule 17 of the plug 25 is physically contacted and optically connected with the ferrule of the combined optical fiber and ferrule component 22. Sleeve 16 covers optical fiber 15 and becomes tapered to smoothly guide and receive the ferrule of the component 22. The ferrule 17 is pushed longitudinally forward or toward the ferrule of the optical fiber with ferrule component 22 by a spring 14 that holds the ferrules together by a force sufficient to achieve the contact pressure required to realize the optical connection.

[0033] After the optical connection has been established, the plug can still be readily detached from the receptacle by pulling back on the knob 13 and guiding it into the knob guidance groove 12. By this action, the sleeve 16 is stored completely and fixed in the plug housing 11. Thereafter, the plug housing 11 can be pulled upwardly from the receptacle housing 18 to detach the plug 25 from the receptacle 24.

[0034] With respect to the embodiment of the present invention, the optical connection loss resulting from the detachable structure is within 0.5 dB. This optical connection loss does not deteriorate even after 100 times of repetitive detachment of the plug 25 and the receptacle 24. An optical return loss could be kept greater than −40 dB.

[0035] Even if the parts are reversed with respect to the plug and receptacle sides of the module, in which case sleeve 16 would be attached with the optical fiber and ferrule 22, the aforementioned effect would be obtained. Although the structure of the guidance mechanism attached to the plug housing 11 and the receptacle housing 18 is shown with a smooth walled structure, when there is provided a guidance mechanism for meshing each other, the same effect can be obtained. Although the embodiment of the present invention is an example of the optical transmission module or optical module, the present invention can be used as well for the optical connection of optical fibers.

[0036] FIG. 3 shows an example circuit diagram of a circuit board having an optical transmission module or an optical module relating to the present invention mounted thereof. Optical transmission modules or optical modules 27 and 28 are mounted on a circuit board 26 and optical fibers 29 are connected thereto. A plurality of electronic components 30 are placed on the circuit board 26. Because the optical fibers can be detached from the receptacles of the modules in the vertical direction, the optical transmission modules or optical modules 27 and 28 relating to the present invention can have electronic components 30 assembled peripherally around them. Accordingly, the present invention does not require a free space along the surface of the circuit board to detach the optical connector in the conventional manner and it is possible to perform a high density surface mounting on the circuit board. Therefore, a cost reduction in the mounting of the components can be realized. Further, since it is possible to mount the optical transmission module or optical module of the invention on the central area of the mounting board, a board design of a wide range can be made available. Because the connector portion of the optical transmission module or optical module has a configuration that enables the optical fiber to be detached in the vertical direction above the module, the configuration is applicable to an optical transmission module or an optical module having a low height profile.

[0037] Based on the present invention, an optical transmission module or an optical module optimum for high density mounting, can be acquired.

[0038] While a preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail, with variations and modifications, further embodiments, variations and modifications are contemplated within the broader aspects of the present invention, in addition to the advantageous details, in accordance with the spirit and scope of the following claims.