Device for attaching fractured hip-joint heads

[0002] The present invention relates generally to a device for internal fixation of a bone fracture, and in particular to a device for fixation of a fractured femoral head.

[0003] Such devices are generally known as “hip screws”. One such device is disclosed in German Patent Application No. A 41 06 876. The anchor screw disclosed in this application has only a single thread. U.S. Pat. No. 5,269,686 discloses a dental implant with a four-thread screw. However, the use of this dental implant for internal fixation of long bones is not taught or suggested. Finally, a femoral nail with a rotationally stable femoral neck screw is known from European Patent Application A 0 257 118. However, the nail only has a single thread.

[0004] All known prior art designs of hip screws suffer from the same disadvantage. Specifically, implantation causes substantial bone loss. As a result, any required revision surgery or subsequent second intervention is very difficult due to loss of bone. Thus, there exists a need for an improved hip screw.

[0005] The device according to the present invention has a body portion with a bone plate for attachment to the femur and a sleeve connected at an angle to the bone plate. The bone plate has screw holes for securing the bone plate to the femur. The device also includes an anchor screw having a shaft configured and dimensioned for sliding axial movement within the bore of the sleeve and a threaded coaxial section attached at an end of the shaft for securing the anchor screw in bone. The shaft may have a channel for receiving a guide wire to facilitate proper implantation of the anchor screw. The threaded section of the anchor screw has multiple threads, preferably at least four threads, and the shaft of the anchor screw has surface features which engage corresponding surface features of the sleeve to prevent rotation between the body portion and the anchor screw while allowing axial movement between the two.

[0006] The surface features of the shaft of the anchor screw may be ridges running longitudinally on the shaft and the surface features of the sleeve may be corresponding grooves in the bore of the sleeve.

[0007] In preferred embodiments, the outside diameter of the thread is between 10 mm and 14 mm. The threads may have a pitch of at least 50 mm and the cross-sectional area of the threaded section is between 10 mm²and 55 mm². The threaded section may be configured as a core with wings forming a spiral around the core. The wings preferably have a thickness between 0.5 mm and 2.0 mm.

[0008] The advantages achieved by the invention are essentially to be seen in the fact that, thanks to the femur head device according to the invention—in spite of maintaining its axial travel in the direction of the neck—is attachable in a rotationally stable manner. Should the sliding feature of the anchor bolt in the socket be hampered, the multiple threaded section of the anchor screw, thanks to its projected cross section, prohibits a penetration of the femur head. Although the same projection surfaces could also be achieved even with a low screw pitch, the rotational stability of the femur head is not guaranteed in this case. The anchor bolt is introduced into the bones through axial force. Depending on the bone quality, this could occur by hand or with an sinking instrument. The additional advantage compared to a typical hip screw is that, thanks to the steep spiral angle of the wings, no torque is transferred onto the femur head during insertion, which prevents the dislocation of the femur head.

[0009] The invention and additional configurations of the invention are explained in even more detail with references to the partially schematic illustration of an embodiment.

[0010] Shown are:

[0011] FIG. 1 is a perspective illustration of the unimplanted device according to the invention.

[0012] FIG. 2 is a partial cross-section through the device according to the invention implanted in the femur.

[0013] FIG. 3 is a cross-section along line III—III in FIG. 2.

[0014] The device according to the invention represented in FIG. 1 includes essentially an angular plate 1, which comprises a bone plate 2 that can be attached to the femur and a sleeve 3 connecting at an angle to the bone plate. The device also includes an anchor bolt 10, which has a shaft 11 that can be introduced into the sleeve 3 and a coaxial threaded section 12 connecting to it.

[0015] The interior of the sleeve 3 and the outside of the shaft 11 are provided with centers 14,4—in the preferred embodiment, in the form of several longitudinal ridges 14 running axially on the shaft 11, and with it, grooves 4 correspondingly running axially in the sleeve 3—which are used for reciprocal rotational securing, while allowing axial displacement.

[0016] The threaded section 12 has a multiple, preferably four pitch thread 13. The pitch of the threading 13 amounts to at least 50 mm, preferably at least 80 mm. The outer diameter of the threading 13 amounts to 10-14 mm, preferably 11-13 mm.

[0017] As illustrated in FIG. 2, the bone plate 2 can be attached to the bone by means of uni-cortical, self-tapping screws inserted in the screw holes 5 (not shown), while the sleeve 3 comes to lie lateral to the neck fracture. In this way, the femur head can be attached to the rest of the neck in a rotationally stable manner using the anchor bolt 10. A longitudinal channel 15 that can accept a guide wire is arranged in the center of the anchor bolt 10.

[0018] As illustrated in FIG. 3, the threaded section 12 consists of a core 16 with the longitudinal channel 15 and wings 17 running in a spiral form around the core 16 The spiral angles of the individual wings are sized so that they result in the axial projection in an approximately circular cross-sectional area. The cross-sectional area of the threaded section 12 is no more than 55 mm², preferably no more than 35 mm², and at least 10 mm², preferably at least 20 mm².

[0019] The wings 17 have a thickness of at most 2.0 mm, preferably of at most 1.2 mm, and of at least 0.5 mm, preferably of at least 0.8 mm.