US 6,061,200 AGrant
In-Drive Correction of Servo Pattern Errors
Issue Date:2000-05-09
•20 Claims
•2 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
Embedded servo sectors within a data track of a hard disk drive including a rotating data storage disk and a closed loop rotary actuator structure for positioning a data transducer head relative to the data track are written by a method including the steps of positioning the rotary actuator structure relative to the data track with a laser-interferometer-based servo writer and writing a pattern of circumferentially sequential, radially offset fine position bursts within each servo sector with the data transducer head, this step including writing-in undetermined position errors within each pattern being written, moving the disk drive to a self scan environment away from the servo writer, operating the rotary actuator structure in closed loop for following the data track by reference to the servo burst pattern, extracting the undetermined position error from each pattern thereby to iteratively determine written-in position errors, generating burst correction values from the determined written-in position errors, and writing the burst correction values to the data track for later use by the closed loop rotary actuator structure during following of the data track to remove the written-in position errors.
Metadata
Assignee
- Quantum Corporation
Inventors
- Stanley H. Shepherd
- Richard M. Ehrlich
- James V. Wiseman
- Richard T. Curran
- William R. Akin, Jr.
Application Information
Application Number:US 9276165
Filing Date:1997-09-11
Priority Date:1996-02-27
Art Unit:273
Classifications
IPC:
G11B 5596
Field of Search:
36036970878.09;77.04;77.02;77.08;7544.34420
Patent Drawings (2 sheets)
Description
Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to head positioner servo loops using servo patterns for positioning disk drive heads. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method providing one-time correction of written-in servo pattern errors within a disk drive, while servoing on those servo patterns, following the servo-writing operation.
Background of the Invention
Modern high performance disk drives employ head positioner servo loops. The function of the head positioning servo system within the drive is two-fold: first, to position the read/write head over a data track with sufficient accuracy to enable reading and writing of that track without error; and, second, to position the write element with sufficient accuracy not to encroach upon adjacent tracks to prevent data erosion from those tracks during writing operations to the track being followed. In order to satisfy these requirements, the tracking system must be designed to reject disturbances. These disturbances include noise from sources such as spindle bearings, air turbulence, etc., and can be classified into two general categories, those that generate repeatable runout (RRO) and those that generate non-repeatable runout (NRRO). The term "repeatable" is used to describe periodicity on a revolution-by-revolution basis as opposed to a track-by-track basis. The response of the head positioning servo system to the RRO and NRRO sources is track misregistration (TMR). TMR can be classified into two groups, write-to-read, and write-to-write. Write-to-read TMR is the difference in the head trajectory during a write pass and any subsequent read pass of a data track (overwrite and readback ability). Write-to-write TMR is the difference in the head trajectory during a write pass and a subsequent trajectory during a write pass on a neighboring track (data erosion). This invention addresses a method of minimizing the RRO components that are a major source of write-to-write TMR.
Embedded servo systems derive head position information from servo information interspersed within the data blocks written on a surface of a rotating magnetic disk. One advantage of employing embedded servo information is that the same head and electronics is used to read both user data and head position information. One of the major sources of RRO is the servo write process that occurs during disk drive manufacturing. During servo write, position information is written within each data track as embedded servo sectors. This position information, usually in the form of a pattern of circumferentially sequential, radially offset servo bursts within each servo sector, nominally defines the center of the track. This servo information must be written with great fidelity as it is read back by the read element of the head during drive operation to determine the position of the head relative to the data track. The NRRO disturbance (bearing noise, air turbulence, servo writer vibration, etc.,) that occurs during servo write is essentially frozen into the written position information and becomes the RRO for the particular track.
Once a servo pattern has been written, the resulting Position Error Signal (PES) can be measured and the RRO for each servo sample calculated. The resulting RRO values can then be written back into each servo sample in a digital format. (Analog burst trimming by overwrite is still subject to NRRO). There are two opportunities to determine the RRO: at the servo writer station during servo writing, and "off line" during subsequent drive self testing following the servo write process.
Measuring and writing the resulting RRO correction on the servo writer is reasonably straight forward. However, one disadvantage arising from using the servo writer for this purpose is the time required for, and therefore the cost associated with, using the servo writer station. Embedded servo sector burst patterns are typically written in a clean room environment with the aid of a laser-interferometer-based servo writer. These servo writers are relatively expensive in relation to other capital equipment needed to assemble and format disk drives. The more rapidly the servo-writing process is carried out, the less time will be consumed at the servo writer station during manufacturing, with a reduction in the number of servo writer stations needed for mass production and a resultant reduction in the cost burden or overhead associated with each disk drive. Ideally, as few passes for each track as possible should be made at the servo writer station to write the servo patterns for each track.
It is known with a disk drive how to extract and correct for RRO. One example of a disk drive apparatus including an on-board triggered digital sampling analyzer capable of extracting traces and correcting for once-around repeatable runout is found in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,444,583 to Ehrlich et al, the disclosure thereof being incorporated herein by reference. An earlier U.S. Pat. No. 3,881,184 to Koepcke et al., entitled: "Adaptive Digital Servo System", described a head position servo control apparatus and method for extracting, processing, storing, and applying feed-forward correction values derived from fundamental frequency and the first eight harmonics of RRO of a disk spindle. The Koepcke et al. patent is also incorporated herein by reference.
As noted above, one known way to measure written-in servo pattern errors is to employ the servo writer to measure these errors immediately after writing of the servo burst patterns and before the drive head-disk assembly (HDA) is removed from the servo writer. Before the HDA leaves the servo writer, the fine position servo bursts are measured by the servo writer, and the amount of any written-in error is digitally recorded in a synchronous manner as a servo correction number (SCN) in a reserved field located near the servo bursts. Later, during disk drive data storage and retrieval operations, the SCN is read and fed into the digital head position servo control loop as a correction to, and thereby cancel, written-in servo position errors. Commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,237,574 to Weng, entitled: "Error-Resilient Information Encoding", describes a method for detecting and correcting errors in data block headers, including a SCN field. This patent is incorporated by reference.
One of the advantages of the SCN approach is that after the servo writer has written the burst patterns and has developed the SCNs, later passes are used to write the remainder fields of each servo wedge, including the SCNs, in a phase coherent manner. With a single phase coherent writing episode at the servo writer, a relatively smaller error correction code (ECC) or error detection code (EDC) effort is required to protect the SCN fields, and this reduced effort results in a smaller, and therefore more efficient, servo sector layout. However, this prior procedure increases the time each HDA spends on the servo writer, and additional servo writer time represents additional manufacturing costs for the HDA.
Following servo writing, the HDA may be combined with a suitable digital electronics board to complete the disk drive assembly procedure. Once assembled, the disk drive is conventionally placed within a test chamber where it is operated under a variety of stressful operating conditions, such as elevated and/or reduced temperature, and elevated altitude (low ambient pressure), for example. These chambers are frequently referred to as drive "self-scan" test chambers. Most drive failures, if they are likely to occur, will occur during self-scan within one of these chambers, very early in the operational life of the drive. Since the time the drive spends in self-scan is much less costly than time spent at the servo writer station, it would be preferable to measure and record written-in servo burst errors during drive test within the test chamber. However, in drive test, the drive is servoing upon the same data that it would have to measure, with a clear consequence that the position offsets measured from the relative burst amplitudes are a result of the response of the servo system to the written-in errors and not the same as the written-in or "raw" offsets which are measurable at the servo writer. Accordingly, a hitherto unsolved need has arisen for an improved method for post servo writer correction of written-in servo pattern errors within a disk drive.
Summary of the Invention With Objects
A general object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for extracting and recording RRO correction values within a disk drive following servo writing for correcting written-in servo pattern errors in the drive in a manner overcoming limitations and drawbacks of the prior art.
In one aspect of the invention, a method is provided for writing embedded servo sectors within a data track of a hard disk drive including a rotating data storage disk and a closed loop rotary actuator structure for positioning a data transducer head relative to the data track. This new method comprises the steps of:
positioning the rotary actuator structure relative to the data track with a laser-interferometer-based servo writer and writing a pattern of circumferentially sequential, radially offset fine position bursts within each servo sector with the data transducer head, this step acknowledges writing in undetermined position errors within each pattern being written,
removing the disk drive from the servo writer and installing the disk drive into a self scan environment,
while the disk drive is operating within the self scan environment and the rotary actuator structure is operating closed loop following the data track by reference to the servo burst pattern, extracting the undetermined position errors from each pattern thereby to determine written-in position errors,
generating RRO correction values from the determined written-in position errors,
writing the RRO correction values to the data track, and
using said correction values during following of the data track to remove the RRO errors.
In this method, the step of extracting the undetermined position errors from each pattern while the drive is operating within the self scan environment may comprise the steps of:
developing a representative kernel while operating the head position servo in a closed loop fashion,
servoing upon the data track by reading, with the data transducer head, the servo sector fine position bursts and recovering a position error for each servo sector including the written-in errors,
extracting the written-in error from the position errors by use of repeated measurements and the kernel to provide the RRO correction value for each servo sector,
using those RRO corrections values in a closed loop iterative fashion to drive the RRO correction value error term toward zero, and
recording the RRO correction value in a special data field within the corresponding servo sector.
In this method, the step of developing a representative kernel while operating the head position servo in a closed loop fashion may comprise the steps of:
off-line simulating the closed loop system, or by injecting identification signals into the head position servo system while operating in a closed loop fashion,
determining the open loop transfer function of the head positioner servo,
evaluating a form of the open loop transfer function at selected harmonic frequencies of the disk rotational speed to obtain the kernel as a time domain series.
In this method, the step of extracting the written-in errors from the position error by use of the kernel to provide a RRO correction value for a corresponding servo sector may comprise the steps of:
convolving a sequence of position errors, representing a single or multiple revolutions of the disk, with the kernel to produce the RRO correction values,
providing a RRO correction table in memory within the disk drive for storing the RRO correction values,
using said RRO correction table in the position calculations to iteratively improve the RRO correction values.
These and other objects, advantages, aspects and features of the present invention will be more fully understood and appreciated by those skilled in the art upon consideration of the following detailed description of a preferred embodiment, presented in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Brief Description of the Drawings
In the Drawings:
FIG. 1 is a simplified functional block diagram of a disk drive incorporating principles and aspects of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a discrete model of the FIG. 1 disk drive system and is illustrative of principles and aspects of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of disk-drive-resident elements employed in generating burst correction values in accordance with principles of the present invention.
Detailed Description of a Preferred Embodiment
With reference to FIG. 1, a disk drive 10 includes a rotating data storage disk 12 which is rotated at a predetermined angular velocity by a speed-regulated disk spindle motor 14. The disk 12 defines a multiplicity of concentric data track locations. Each data track includes a sequence of user data sectors DS interrupted by a series of embedded servo sectors SS as graphed in the enlarged track segment in FIG. 1. In the enlarged track segment, each servo sector is shown typically to include a sync field, a servo address mark field, a track number field, and fine-position-providing servo bursts (e.g. circumferentially staggered, radially offset bursts A and B) and one or more burst correction value (BCV) fields. The servo sector SS is followed by a user data field DS which may or may not include a user data field header and which may be interleaved for error correction code purposes and have error correction remainder bytes appended at the end of a sequence of user data, as is conventional and not particularly a part of the present invention.
The disk drive 10 also includes a rotary actuator assembly 20 for positioning a data transducer head 22. The head 22 is positioned by the actuator 20 at each selected one of the data tracks for data transfer operations, and for reading the embedded servo information recorded in each servo sector SS. Minute electrical signals induced from recorded magnetic flux transitions are amplified by a preamplifier 24 and then delivered to conventional disk drive data recovery circuits (not shown). A burst correction value (BCV) circuit 26 is shown, and it functions to recover a digital burst correction value from the BCV field.
A summing node 28 is also included in a signal path downstream from the preamplifier 24 and denotes addition of an unknown position error component RRO which was written into the servo sector SS during conventional servo writing operations at a laser-interferometer-based servo writer station. This position error RRO is added to relative amplitude values read from the fine position A and B servo bursts and recovered as a sum by a fine position recovery circuit 30, which may be a conventional servo peak detector or other integrating detector for recovering relative amplitudes of the e.g. A and B servo bursts as read by the head 22. These relative amplitudes (corrupted by the written-in position error RRO) are then quantized by an analog to digital converter 32 and supplied to a head position controller circuit 36. In the data stream from the converter 32, a summing node 34 combines a burst correction value (BCV) as read from the BCV field of the present servo sector with the digitized position value in order to cancel out the position error RRO.
The controller circuit 36 receives head position command values from other circuitry within the disk drive 10 and combines the command values with the quantized and corrected head position values to produce a commanded actuator current value. This commanded current value calculated by node 36, converted into an analog value by a digital to analog converter 38, and applied to control an actuator driver circuit 40 which operates the rotary actuator 20 to adjust the position of the head 22 relative to the data track being followed.
In FIG. 2, the disk drive 10 including its on-board head position servo controller 34 and associated circuitry, is modeled as, but not limited to, a discrete time dynamic system G(z) included within block 50. In this exemplary model, let z represent the Laplace time advance operator as is commonly used to transform continuous time systems to discrete time systems and let the transform of the time series rro(t) be represented as RRO(z). The dynamic system is subjected to an unknown repeated disturbance RRO(z) added at a summing node 52. Another unknown disturbance N(z), which is assumed zero mean pink noise, is added at a summing node 54 to the head position signal. Finally, a specified correction signal BCV(z) is added to the disturbed head position signal at a summing node 56. These three influences produce a combined influence ERR(z) which is the error term that drives the model 50. The resulting closed loop transfer function may be defined as:
which may be rearranged as:
The RRO signal is, by definition, periodic. Being periodic, it is discrete in the frequency domain and can be represented as a finite length z-polynomial. Since it repeats every revolution of the disk spindle, it can be expressed as a summation of the various harmonics of the spindle. In fact, the only parts of rro(t) that exist are those that occur at .omega..sub.i, i=0 to M/2 where M is the number of servo position samples per revolution. Since G(z) is a linear system excited by a periodic signal rro(t), the only parts of G(z) of interest here are those at each .omega..sub.i,. We treat the whole system as a summation of discrete systems, each operating at .omega..sub.i and solve each individually.
For a given .omega..sub.i, the calculation of BCV(j.omega..sub.i) is straight forward, by measuring ERR(j.omega..sub.i) (via discrete Fourier transform (DFT) or similar method), and knowing 1+(j.omega..sub.i), we calculate RRO(j.omega..sub.i) from:
The process of taking DFTs of err(t) at each .omega..sub.i and scaling each by the corresponding 1+G(j.omega..sub.i) is the same as convolving err(t) with a kernel made from the response of 1+G(z) evaluated at each .omega..sub.i. Thus, we convolve the signal err(t) with the kernel to yield:
where .times. represents the convolution operator.
In accordance with principles and aspects of the present invention, the impact of the zero mean noise term, n(t) is minimized by averaging, or low pass filtering with an asymptotically decreasing time constant, either err(t), or err(t)-rro(t), for multiple revolutions of the spindle. The number of revolutions necessary is dependent upon the frequency content of the n(t) term. An n(t) having significant spectra near the spindle harmonics will require more revolutions of data filtering to sufficiently differentiate the spectra of rro(t) from n(t). In the presence of sufficient filtering, n(t) becomes small and the left side of the above equation reduces to:
which is the error between our calculated BCV values and the RRO values themselves. This format lends itself to an iterative solution:
where .alpha. is a constant near unity selected to yield a convergence rate that is forgiving to mismatches between the actual transfer function and that used to generate the kernel.
In accordance with principles and aspects of the present invention, the kernel is derived for each different disk drive product, by a process of either control system simulation or by injecting identification signals into the servo control loop and measuring responses to those signals. The injection of identification signals into the servo control loop may preferably be carried out in accordance with teachings of the Ehrlich et al. U.S. Pat. No. 5,444,583, discussed and incorporated hereinabove.
As used herein the term "kernel" is defined as a characterizing component that is derived ahead of time with respect to the particular disk drive design. Later on, as shown in FIG. 3, during a BCV generation process, the kernel stored in a kernel memory 61 is convolved with a stream of position data from the drive within an on-board convolution processor 60. Within the convolution processor 60 two digital data streams are run across each other in conventional fashion, and at each step the components that line up are multiplied, and the products are then summed within a summing junction 62. In the FIG. 3 embodiment, a switch 35 selectively enables the summing junction 34 to receive BCVs from disk 12 via preamplifier 24 and the BCV recovery circuit 26, and from disk drive memory containing the BCV lookup table 66.
In accordance with principles and aspects of the present invention, the method of obtaining the kernel may comprise the steps of:
obtaining the open loop transfer function of the head positioning servo either by system simulation or suitable on-line identification techniques,
evaluating a form of the open loop transfer function at selected spindle harmonics, and
computing the time response of such a system (inverse DFT) as a summation of the selected spindle harmonics in order to obtain a time domain set of constants for the constant convolution process carried out within the convolution processor 60.
This process specifically generates a kernel value for each of the M servo samples representing one revolution of the disk spindle. These kernel values are then stored in the kernel memory 61 and read out in synchronism to the convolution processor 60 with the position error values read from the servo sector bursts servo written in the data tracks of disk 12. In the presently preferred disk drive architecture 10, there are 58 embedded servo sectors SS therefore 58 samples per each rotation of the disk and therefore 58 elements in the kernel for each track.
In accordance with principles and aspects of the present invention, the harmonics at which a form of the open loop transfer function is evaluated to generate the kernel are picked to select the harmonics of the RRO that are of interest and to specifically eliminate the following harmonics:
those harmonics of the RRO that are time varying to a degree that they cannot be characterized during self-scan and must be addressed through other control mechanisms (Examples of which are the zeroth harmonic (bias forces) and the first harmonic (disk slip). These examples are typically addressed by bias estimators and synchronous feedforward techniques operating dynamically within the drive's head position closed loop servo control process); and,
those harmonics where transfer function is not well known or not constant (For example, at high frequencies the system does not behave as a lumped parameter model and the phase is not constant across the actuator stroke, and certainly not across a population of drives of the same nominal design or disk drive family.).
Preferably, a number of drives of a particular disk drive family are sampled to check the kernel. Either an appropriate population of samples will be taken and averaged, or the kernels derived from a first drive will be verified by replication on the other drives of the sample group. Any time a change is made to the servo control process or the disk drive plant design, matching kernels will be developed and used to generate the BCVs. The BCVs themselves are insensitive to changes in the servo transfer function.
Once the kernel values are derived and recorded, they are distributed to all disk drives of the family during a self-scan download operation from a control computer controlling and monitoring the digital self scan process following servo writing. Using the same control system that was used to generate each kernel, the disk drive servo control is operated in closed loop and collects a stream of servo fine position data from the servo bursts. As part of the normal sample control process each servo sector is sampled and the fine position information is extracted from e.g. the servo bursts A and B. This value includes the written-in position error, which so far remains undetected and uncompensated. As the position errors are received, the servo control 36 reacts to those errors in light of each position command.
In addition, the position errors are fed into the convolution filter 60 preferably implemented as firmware in a digital processor resident within the disk drive. The convolution filter 60 is a separate function within the disk drive which is established and enabled during the digital self scan process. Each position error is received into the convolution filter 60 and the convolution process generates a sum within the summing node 62. For a given position error, whatever it is, the convolution filter convolves the kernel against one spindle revolution's worth of previous position errors. And the answer is the incremental k+1.sup.th correction. The correction gets summed into the previous BCV.sub.k. So, at this stage, the BCVi is stored in a memory location. After this process has been repeated for e.g. four or five spindle revolutions, a stable sequence of BCV values are derived at a BCV filter circuit 64. Each BCV is located within an on-board lookup table 66 that is needed to cancel out the written-in position error at each particular servo sector SS. The BCV correction vector is then written via an on-board write channel 68 into the BCV field of the servo sectors in disk drive 10.
Each block storage location within a track recorded on the disk 12 typically includes the servo sector SS and the data sector DS. Since the servo sector SS was written at the servo writer during a servo writing operation, the servo sector SS is "write protected" against overwrite by the drive's write channel 68. In contrast, the data sector is where the write channel 68 is permitted to write user data to disk. Before the BCVs are written, each servo sector SS is shortened slightly, so the write channel 68 can be enabled during digital self scan to write the BCV correction vector to the BCV field. Shortening of the servo sector SS only occurs during the self scan process, and each entire servo sector SS including the BCV field is write-protected during subsequent disk drive operation by a user.
In one preferred implementation, once the BCVs have been calculated, they are passed through the write channel 68 and written to the BCV field within the servo sector. A suitable error detection code (EDC) such as a parity bit, or a more complicated error detecting and correcting code (ECC) may be included within the BCV field to protect the accuracy of each BCV. Because a write splice occurs at the BCV field, a suitable sync field pattern must precede the BCV field to enable the read channel phase locked loop (PLL) to establish phase lock before reading the BCV vector.
The BCV vector value for the present servo sector SS is preferably placed in that sector, on the basis that the digital BCV vector value can be read and recovered faster than the peak values and differences from the A and B servo bursts can be read to arrive at the uncorrected position error. Alternatively, it is possible to write a pattern asynchronously and recover it with an approach described in commonly assigned U.S. Pat. No. 5,420,730 to Moon et al., entitled: "Servo Data Recovery Circuit for Disk Drive Having Digital Embedded Sector Servo", the disclosure thereof being incorporated herein by reference. Again, the drawback to the asynchronous approach is the amount of overhead required in the servo sector needed to provide a robust quasi-asynchronous BCV pattern.
To those skilled in the art, many changes and modifications will be readily apparent from consideration of the foregoing description of a preferred embodiment without departure from the spirit of the present invention, the scope thereof being more particularly pointed out by the following claims. The descriptions herein and the disclosures hereof are by way of illustration only and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention which is more particularly pointed out by the following claims.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method for creating servo repeatable runout (RRO) burst correction values for a hard disk drive, the method comprising the steps of: developing a representative kernel for hard disk drives of a first type, the hard disk drive being of the first type, the representative kernel including a representation of the dynamic characteristics of the hard disk drive, and functionality for extraction of written-in errors to determine burst correction values for at least one servo sector, the hard disk drive having a head positioner servo system for positioning a data transducer head relative to the data track defined on a storage disk rotating at a predetermined rotational speed; servoing the data transducer head upon the data track with the head positioner servo system by steps including: reading, with the data transducer head, the servo sector fine position bursts, the servo sector fine position bursts including true positions and written-in errors; and measuring a position for each servo sector to obtain a measured position value the measured position value including the written-in errors and a true position; and extracting within the disk drive the written-in errors from the measured position value for each servo sector with the representative kernel to provide an RRO correction value for each servo sector, the extracting including separating the written-in errors from the true position.
2. The method for creating servo RRO correction values set forth in claim 1 wherein: the step of extracting the written-in errors from the position error for each servo sector further comprises the step of performing repeated measurements of the position and the representative kernel to provide multiple RRO correction values for each servo sector; and the method further comprises using the multiple RRO correction values in a closed loop iterative fashion within the head positioner servo system to drive a RRO correction value error term toward zero to produce a composite RRO correction value.
3. The method for creating servo RRO burst correction values set forth in claim 2 wherein the step of extracting the written-in errors from the measured position value by use of the kernel to provide the composite RRO correction value for the servo sector further comprises the steps of: convolving a sequence of measured position values for each servo sector, measured during multiple revolutions of the storage disk, with the kernel to produce the multiple RRO correction values, providing a RRO correction table in memory within the disk drive for storing the multiple RRO correction values, and using ones of the multiple RRO correction values in said RRO correction table in position calculations carried out within the head position servo system to iteratively generate the composite correction value for each servo sector.
4. The method for creating servo RRO burst correction values set forth in claim 3 comprising the further step of providing a position correction table in a memory within the hard disk drive and wherein the composite RRO correction values are stored within the position correction table.
5. The method for creating servo RRO correction values set forth in claim 1 further comprising recording the RRO correction value for each servo sector in a special data field within the data track including each servo sector.
6. The method for creating servo RRO burst correction values set forth in claim 1 wherein the step of developing a representative kernel for the hard disk drive comprises the step of operating a head position servo system of a disk drive of the first type in a closed loop and comprises the further steps of: at least one of simulating the closed loop servo system, and injecting identification signals into the head position servo while operating the head position servo system in a closed loop; determining an open loop transfer function of the head positioner servo system; and evaluating a form of the open loop transfer function of the head positioner servo system at selected harmonic frequencies of disk rotational speed to obtain the representative kernel as a time domain series.
7. The method for creating servo RRO correction values set forth in claim 1, wherein the burst correction values for correcting written-in errors of servo sector fine position bursts are embedded in a data track in the hard disk drive.
8. The method for creating servo RRO correction values set forth in claim 1, wherein servoing the data transducer head is performed using a high bandwidth servo.
9. A method for writing embedded servo sectors within a data track of a hard disk drive of a first type, the hard disk drive including a data storage disk rotating at a rotational speed and a closed loop rotary actuator structure for positioning a data transducer head relative to the data track, comprising the steps of: generating a representative kernel for hard disk drives of the first type by: successively injecting sine waves into the head positioner servo loop as a closed loop for each servo sector, the sine waves being fixed at harmonic frequencies of the storage disk rotational speed, detecting and recording amplitude and phase response of the head positioner servo loop for each sine wave harmonic frequency for each servo sector, inverting the amplitude and phase response, except for the direct current and fundamental harmonic, to produce an inverted response, and inverse transforming the inverted response form frequency domain to time domain to obtain a kernel as a sequence of time domain constants; and positioning the rotary actuator structure relative to the data track with a servo writer and writing a pattern of circumferentially sequential, radially offset fine position bursts within each servo sector with the data transducer head positioning according to this step including writing in undetermined position errors within each pattern being written, removing the disk drive from the servo writer and installing the disk drive into a drive self-scan fixture, while the disk drive is operating within the self scan fixture and the rotary actuator structure is operating in a closed loop manner in following the data track by reference to the servo burst pattern, extracting the undetermined position errors from each pattern with the representative kernel thereby to determine written-in position errors, generating burst correction values from the determined written-in position errors, and writing the burst correction values to the data track for later use by the closed loop rotary actuator structure during following of the data track to remove the written-in position errors.
10. A method for writing embedded servo sectors within a data track of a hard disk drive of a first type, the hard disk drive including a data storage disk rotating at a rotational speed and a closed loop rotary actuator structure for positioning a data transducer head relative to the data track, comprising the steps of: generating a representative kernel for hard disk drives of the first type, positioning the rotary actuator structure relative to the data track with a servo writer and writing a pattern of circumferentially sequential, radially offset fine position bursts within each servo sector with the data transducer head, positioning according to this step including writing in undetermined position errors within each pattern being written, removing the disk drive from the servo writer and installing the disk drive into a drive self-scan fixture, while the disk drive is operating within the self scan fixture and the rotary actuator structure is operating in a closed loop manner in following the data track by reference to the servo burst pattern, extracting the undetermined position errors from each pattern with the representative kernel thereby to determine written-in position errors, extracting the undetermined position errors including: servoing upon the data track by reading with the data transducer head the servo sector fine position bursts and recovering a position error for each servo sector including the written-in errors; and extracting the written-in errors from the position error by use of the representative kernel to provide a burst correction value for corresponding servo sector comprising the steps of: convolving a sequence of position errors representing a single revolution of the disk with a kernel sequence to produce products; summing the products to produce sums; and repeating the foregoing two steps over multiple revolutions of the disk for each servo sector thereby to produce filtered sums as the burst correction values; and generating the burst correction values from the determined written-in position errors, and writing the burst correction values to the data track for later use by the closed loop rotary actuator structure during following of the data track to remove the written-in position errors.
11. A method for creating servo burst correction values for correcting written-in errors of servo sector fine position bursts embedded in a data track of a hard disk drive having a head positioner servo system for positioning a data transducer head relative to the data track defined on a storage disk rotating at a predetermined rotational speed, the method comprising the steps of: providing and recording control inputs within the head positioner servo system while following the data track in a closed control loop to provide present and past control inputs, applying a predetermined excitation value to the servo system and measuring the servo system response to the excitation value to produce a measured response, convolving the measured response with stored past control inputs to provide an estimated head position at a servo sector, comparing the estimated head position with a head position indicated from reading the servo sector fine position bursts at the servo sector to generate a difference, and generating and recording a burst correction value for the sector based upon the difference.
12. The method for creating servo burst correction values set forth in claim 11 wherein the step of applying a predetermined excitation value to the servo system comprises the step of applying sine wave excitation to the servo system at predetermined harmonics above a fundamental frequency of disk rotational speed.
13. The method for creating servo burst correction values set forth in claim 11 wherein the step of applying sine wave excitation to the servo system comprises the step of successively applying sine waves for the second through the n/2 harmonics of the fundamental frequency, where n equals a number of embedded servo sectors within a data track during one revolution of the disk to develop a kernel for each sector.
14. The method for creating servo burst correction values set forth in claim 13 wherein the step of convolving the measured response with stored past control inputs comprises the step of convolving the stored past control inputs with the kernel for each sector to provide the estimated head position at the servo sector.
15. A hard disk drive comprising: a rotating data storage disk having data tracks formed thereon, each data track including a plurality of embedded servo sectors prewritten with written-in errors by a servo writing process, at least one of the servo sectors having an associated burst correction value field, the burst correction value field being written by the hard disk drive while the hard disk drive is servoing on position information, the burst correction value field including a burst correction value; a data transducer head for writing data to and reading data from the data tracks; a disk drive head position servo loop connected to the data transducer head for reading the servo sectors and the burst correction value field; and on-board servo signal processing means for extracting the written-in errors from measured position values, and for generating and recording the burst correction value without servowriter intervention.
16. The hard disk drive set forth in claim 15 further comprising: means within the head position servo loop for servoing the data transducer head upon the data track with the head positioner servo loop by reading, with the data transducer head, servo sector fine position bursts previously recorded with aid of a servo writer; means within the head position servo loop for measuring a position for the servo sector to obtain a measured position value the measured position value including a true position and the written-in errors; and wherein the on-board servo signal processing means comprise: means for extracting the written-in errors from the measured position value for the servo sector with the aid of a representative kernel characterizing the hard disk drive to provide a repeatable runout (RRO) correction value for the servo sector, the means for extracting the written-in errors including means for separating the written-in errors from the true position; and means for recording the RRO correction value for the servo sector in the burst correction value field.
17. The hard disk drive set forth in claim 16 wherein: the means for extracting the written-in errors from the measured position value for the servo sector comprises means for performing repeated measurements of the position and the representative kernel to provide multiple RRO correction values for the servo sector; and the on-board servo signal processing means further comprises means for using the multiple RRO correction values in a closed loop iterative fashion with the head positioner servo loop to drive a RRO correction value error term toward zero to produce a composite RRO correction value, and the means for recording the RRO correction value in the burst correction value field includes means for recording the composite RRO correction value in the field.
18. The hard disk drive set forth in claim 16 further comprising means for developing the representative kernel for the hard disk drive during servoing on the data track, the means including at least one of first means for stimulating a disk drive servo loop, second means for injecting identification signals into the disk drive servo loop, third means for determining an open loop transfer function of the head positioner servo system, and fourth means for evaluating a form of the open loop transfer function of the head positioner servo loop at selected harmonic frequencies of disk rotational speed to obtain the representative kernel as a time domain series.
19. The hard disk drive set forth in claim 16 wherein the means for extracting the written-in errors from the measured position value further comprise: means for convolving a sequence of measured position values for each servo sector, measured during multiple revolutions of the storage disk, with the kernel to produce the multiple RRO correction values, means for providing a RRO correction table in memory within the disk drive for storing the multiple RRO correction values, and means using ones of the multiple RRO correction values in said RRO correction table in position calculations carried out within the head position servo system for iteratively generating a composite RRO correction value for the servo sector.
20. The hard disk drive set forth in claim 19 further comprising a memory for a position correction table wherein the composite RRO correction values are stored.
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