US 6,046,092 AGrant
Method for Manufacturing a Capacitor
Issue Date:2000-04-04
•24 Claims
•7 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A method for manufacturing a capacitor, applied to a memory unit including a substrate forming thereon a dielectric layer forming thereon a first conducting layer, includes the steps of a) forming a first sacrificial layer over the first conducting layer, b) partially removing the first sacrificial layer, the first conducting layer, and the dielectric layer to form a contact window, c) forming a second conducting layer over the first sacrificial layer and in the contact window, d) forming a second sacrificial layer over the second conducting layer, e) partially removing the second sacrificial layer, the second conducting layer, and the first sacrificial layer to expose a portion of the first sacrificial layer, f) forming a third conducting layer alongside the second sacrificial layer, the second conducting layer, and the portion of the first sacrificial layer, g) removing the first and second sacrificial layers to expose the first conducting layer, and h) partially removing the first conducting layer while retaining a portion of the first conducting layer under the second and third conducting layers to construct a capacitor plate with a generally cross-sectionally modified H-shaped structure. This structure can effectively increase the surface area of the capacitor.
Metadata
Assignee
- Mosel Vitelic Inc.
Inventor
- An Jih Chang
Application Information
Application Number:US 1728067
Filing Date:1998-10-14
Priority Date:1998-03-09
Art Unit:283
Classifications
IPC:
H01L 2120
Field of Search:
438257396;397;398;253;254;255296;306;309
Patent Drawings (7 sheets)
Description
Field of the Invention
The present invention is related to a structure and a manufacturing method of a capacitor, and especially to a structure and a manufacturing method of a capacitor applied to the dynamic random access memory (DRAM).
Background of the Invention
It is well known that the capacity of a capacitor is related to the quality of dynamic random access memory (DRAM). Therefore, many methods have been developed for increasing the capacity of capacitor.
First of all, please refer to FIGS. 1(a) and (b) showing a conventional method for manufacturing a capacitor. This method is detailedly described as follows.
Shown in FIG. 1(a) includes the steps of (1) forming an interlayer dielectric (ILD) 11 over a silicon substrate 10 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or lower pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD), (2) defining a contact window by photolithography and partially removing the ILD 11 to form the contact window 12, (3) forming a doped polysilicon layer 13 with a thickness of 1000 .ANG. over the ILD 11 and in the contact window 12 by LPCVD, and (4) forming a rugged polysilicon layer 14 with a thickness of 850 .ANG. over the doped polysilicon layer 13 to increase the surface area of the capacitor.
In FIG. 1(b), the steps include: 1) defining the capacitor region by photolithography and partially etching the rugged polysilicon layer 14 and the doped polysilicon layer 13 to expose a portion of the ILD 11; 2) forming an oxide-on-nitride-on-oxide (ONO) layer 15 on the rugged polysilicon layer 14 and the ILD 11 and alongside the doped polysilicon layer 13 by LPCVD; and 3) forming another doped polysilicon layer 16 over the ONO layer 15 to construct the conventional capacitor.
Please refer to FIG. 2 showing another conventional method. The detailed steps are illustrated as follows.
In FIG. 2(a), the steps include: (1) forming an interlayer dielectric (ILD) 21 over a silicon substrate 20 by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), (2) forming a silicon nitride 22 on ILD 21, wherein the silicon nitride 22 has a thickness of 100 .ANG..about.300 .ANG. and serves as an etching stop layer, (3) forming a sacrificial oxide 23 on the silicon nitride 22 by CVD, (4) defining a contact window by photolithography and partially removing the ILD 21, the silicon nitride 22, and the sacrificial oxide 23 to form the contact window 24, and (5) forming a doped polysilicon layer 25 with a thickness of 1000 .ANG. over the sacrificial oxide 23 and in the contact window 24 by LPCVD.
In FIG. 2(b), the steps include: 1) defining the capacitor region by photolithography and partially etching the doped polysilicon layer 25; 2) etching the sacrificial oxide 23 by using a buffer over etching (B.O.E.) solution containing hydrofluoric acid (HF) to expose the silicon nitride 22; 3) forming an oxide-on-nitride-on-oxide (ONO) layer 26 on the silicon nitride 22 and a top and sidewalls of the doped polysilicon layer 25 by LPCVD; and 4) forming another doped polysilicon layer 27 on the ONO layer 26 to construct the capacitor.
In addition, there is another method as shown in FIG. 3. This method is described as follows.
In FIG. 3(a), the steps include: (1) forming an interlayer dielectric (ILD) 31 over a silicon substrate 30 by CVD, (2) forming a silicon nitride 32 on ILD 31, wherein the silicon nitride 32 has a thickness of 100.ANG..about.300 .ANG. and serves as an etching stop layer, (3) forming a first sacrificial oxide 33 on the silicon nitride 32 by CVD, (4) defining a contact window by photolithography and partially removing the first sacrificial oxide 33, the silicon nitride 32, and the ILD 31 to form the contact window 34, (5) forming a first doped polysilicon layer 35 with a thickness of 1000 .ANG. over the first sacrificial oxide 33 and in the contact window 34 by LPCVD, and (6) forming a second sacrificial oxide 36 on the first doped polysilicon layer 35 by CVD.
In FIG. 3(b), the steps include: 1) defining the capacitor region by photolithography and partially etching the second sacrificial oxide 36, the first doped polysilicon layer 35, and the first sacrificial oxide 33, wherein the silicon nitride 32 serves as an etching stop layer; and 2) forming a second doped polysilicon layer 37 on the top surface of the second sacrificial oxide 36, alongside the second sacrificial oxide 36, the first doped polysilicon layer 35, and the first sacrificial oxide 33, as well as on the silicon nitride 32.
In FIG. 3(c), the second doped polysilicon layer 37 is etched by dry etching (i.e. an anisotropic etching) to expose the top surface of the second sacrificial oxide 36 and a portion of the silicon nitride 32.
In FIG. 3(d), the second sacrificial oxide 36 is completely removed by using a buffer over etching (B.O.E.) solution containing hydrofluoric acid (HF) to expose the first doped polysilicon layer 35. Thereafter, an oxide-on-nitride-on-oxide (ONO) layer 38 is formed over the portion of the silicon nitride 32, the second doped polysilicon layer 37, and the first doped polysilicon layer 35 by LPCVD. Finally, another doped polysilicon layer 39 is formed on the ONO layer 38 to construct the capacitor.
However, these conventional methods have some defects described as follows:
1. In FIGS. 1(a) and (b), the rugged polysilicon layer in the fixed capacitor region can not effectively increase the surface area of the capacitor. Therefore, the maximum capacity can be only increased up to two times by such a method using the rugged polysilicon layer for increasing the surface area of capacitor. Because the size of the capacitor will be getting smaller in the future, this method may be no longer effective then.
2. In the method of FIGS. 2(a) and (b), the sacrificial oxide is formed and then is etched for increasing the surface area of the capacitor, but the effect is not good enough.
3. In the method as shown in FIGS. 3(a).about.(d), the cylindrical doped polysilicon can increase the surface area of the capacitor which is constructed by a doped polysilicon layer, the ONO layer, and another doped polysilicon layer. However, it can be seen from FIG. 3(d) that the surface of the capacitor is so irregular that it will seriously influence the subsequent planarization process of the semiconductor.
Therefore, the present invention is developed to improve the above-described disadvantages.
Summary of the Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a manufacturing method which can effectively increase the density and intensity of the capacitor applied to the memory unit with high density.
According to the present invention, the method for manufacturing a capacitor, applied to a memory unit including a substrate forming thereon a dielectric layer forming thereon a first conducting layer, includes the steps of a) forming a first sacrificial layer over the first conducting layer, b) partially removing the first sacrificial layer, the first conducting layer, and the dielectric layer to form a contact window, c) forming a second conducting layer over the first sacrificial layer and in the contact window, d) forming a second sacrificial layer over the second conducting layer, e) partially removing the second sacrificial layer, the second conducting layer, and the first sacrificial layer to expose a portion of the first sacrificial layer, f) forming a third conducting layer alongside the second sacrificial layer, the second conducting layer, and the portion of the first sacrificial layer, g) removing the first and second sacrificial layers to expose the first conducting layer, and h) partially removing the first conducting layer while retaining a portion of the first conducting layer under the second and third conducting layers to construct a capacitor plate.
Preferably, the dielectric layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and is a nondoped silicon glass (NSG) layer with a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG..
Preferably, the first conducting layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition and can be a doped polysilicon layer or an amorphous silicon layer. The thickness of the first conducting layer is ranged between 100 .ANG. and 300 .ANG..
In the step (a), the first sacrificial layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition. The first sacrificial layer is preferably a sacrificial oxide with a thickness more than 6000 .ANG..
In the step (b), the contact window is formed by photolithography and an etching technique.
In the step (c), the second conducting layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition. The second conducting layer can be a doped polysilicon layer or an amorphous silicon layer, and has a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG..
In the step (d), the second sacrificial layer is a sacrificial oxide formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
In the step (e), the second sacrificial layer, the second conducting layer, and the first sacrificial layer are partially removed by a photolithography and an etching technique.
Preferably, the third conducting layer is one of a doped polysilicon layer and an amorphous silicon layer, and has a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG..
The step (f) further includes: f1) executing a chemical vapor deposition to form a third conducting layer over surfaces of the second conducting layer, the portion of the first sacrificial layer, and the second sacrificial layer; and f2) executing an anisotropic etching process to partially remove the third conducting layer while retaining a portion of the third conducting layer alongside the second sacrificial layer, the second conducting layer, and the portion of the first sacrificial layer.
In the step (g), the first and second sacrificial layers are removed by a wet etching using a buffer over etching (B.O.E.) solution containing hydrofluoric acid (HF).
After the step (h), the method further includes the steps of i) forming an another dielectric layer over surfaces of the portion of the first conducting layer, and the second and third conducting layers, and j) forming a fourth conducting layer over the another dielectric layer to serve as an another capacitor plate.
Preferably, the another dielectric layer and the fourth conducting layer are formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
The another dielectric layer is an oxide-on-nitride-on-oxide (ONO) layer with a thickness ranged between 50 .ANG. and 200 .ANG.. The fourth conducting layer is a doped polysilicon layer.
In one preferred embodiment, after the step (h), the method further includes a step to form a rugged conducting layer on the portion of the first conducting layer and the second and third conducting layers to increase the surface area of the capacitor.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a capacitor applied to a memory unit including a substrate forming thereon a dielectric layer.
The capacitor includes a structure formed in the dielectric layer and forming a contact window, a first conducting layer formed on a portion of the dielectric layer neighboring to the contact window, and a second conducting layer filling in the contact window and upwardly extended to form a generally crosssectionally modified H-shaped structure having a horizontal part and a vertical part where the horizontal part has an end extended thereof and the space between the horizontal and vertical parts and the first conducting layer is adapted to be occupied by a dielectric layer and a conducting layer to construct a capacitor plate.
The capacitor further includes an another dielectric layer formed over surfaces of the first and second conducting layers, and a third conducting layer formed over the another dielectric layer to serve as an another capacitor plate.
In order to increase the surface area of the capacitor, the capacitor further includes a rugged conducting layer formed on surfaces of the first and second conducting layers.
The present invention may best be understood through the following description with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIGS. 1(a) and 1(b) are schematic diagrams showing the first method for manufacturing a capacitor according to the prior art;
FIGS. 2(a) and 2(b) are schematic diagrams showing the second method for manufacturing a capacitor according to the prior art;
FIGS. 3(a)-3(d) are schematic diagrams showing the third method for manufacturing a capacitor according to the prior art; and
FIGS. 4(a)-4(f) are schematic diagrams showing a preferred embodiment of a method for manufacturing a capacitor according to the present invention.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
The preferred embodiment of the method for manufacturing a capacitor according to the present invention is shown in FIGS. 4(a).about.(f). The details are described as follows.
In FIG. 4(a), an interlayer dielectric (ILD) 402 is formed over a substrate 400 by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) or lower pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). The ILD 402 can be a nondoped silicon glass (NSG) layer 402 with a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG.. Thereafter, a first conducting layer 404 is formed on the ILD 402 by chemical vapor deposition. The first conducting layer 404 can be a doped polysilicon layer or an amorphous silicon layer. The thickness of the first conducting layer 404 is ranged between 100 .ANG. and 300 .ANG.. A first sacrificial layer 406 is then formed on the first conducting layer 404 by chemical vapor deposition. Preferably, the first sacrificial layer 406 is a sacrificial oxide having a thickness more than 6000 .ANG., preferably 8000 .ANG..
As shown in FIG. 4(b), the first sacrificial layer 406, the first conducting layer 404, and the ILD 402 are partially removed to form a contact window 408 by photolithography and an etching process.
Thereafter, a second conducting layer 410 is formed over the sacrificial layer 406 and is filled in the contact window 408 by low pressure chemical vapor deposition. Preferably, the second conducting layer 410 is a doped polysilicon layer with a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG., preferably 2000 .ANG..
Then, a second sacrificial layer 412 is formed over the second conducting layer 410. The second sacrificial layer 412 is a sacrificial oxide formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
In FIG. 4(c), the second sacrificial layer 412, the second conducting layer 410, and the first sacrificial layer 406 are partially removed by photolithography and an etching technique to expose a portion of the first sacrificial layer 406.
The step shown in FIG. 4(d) is to form a third conducting layer 414 on the top surface of the second sacrificial layer 412, alongside the second sacrificial layer 412 and the second conducting layer 410, and over the portion of the first sacrificial layer 406. The third conducting layer 414 can be formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
Thereafter, the third conducting layer 414 is partially removed by an anisotropic etching process, e.g. a dry etching, while retaining a portion of the third conducting layer alongside the second sacrificial layer 412, the second conducting layer 410, and the portion of the first sacrificial layer 406, and exposing the top surfaces of the second sacrificial layer 412 and the portion of the first sacrificial layer 406.
Finally, the first and second sacrificial layers 406, 412 are completely removed by a wet etching using a buffer over etching (B.O.E.) solution containing hydrofluoric acid (HF) to expose the first conducting layer 404. In one preferred embodiment, the first conducting layer 404 is partially removed while retaining a portion of the first conducting layer 404 under the second and third conducting layers 410, 414. The remained first conducting layer 404 and the second and third conducting layers 410, 414 serve as the first capacitor plate (i.e. a lower capacitor plate) as shown in FIG. 4(e).
In a specific embodiment, after the step (g), the method further includes a step to form a rugged conducting layer on the remained first conducting layer and the second and third conducting layers (not shown) to increase the surface area of the capacitor. If the first, second, and third conducting layers are made of doped polysilicon, a rugged polysilicon layer can be formed over the surfaces of the first, second, and third conducting layers. Alternatively, the rugged conducting layer can be a hemispherical grained Si (HSG) layer when the first, second, and third conducting layers are made of amorphous silicon.
Certainly, the manufacturing method further includes other steps to obtain a complete capacitor after performing the preceding steps. As shown in FIG. 4(f), the steps include: (1) forming an another dielectric layer 416 over the first conducting layer 404, the second conducting layer 410, and the third conducting layer 414; and (2) forming a fourth conducting layer 418 over the another dielectric layer 416. The another dielectric layer 416 and the fourth conducting layer 418 are formed by a low pressure chemical vapor deposition (LPCVD). The another dielectric layer 416 is preferably an oxide-on-nitride-on-oxide (ONO) layer with a thickness ranged between 50 .ANG. and 200 .ANG.. The fourth conducting layer 418 can be a doped polysilicon layer. The another dielectric layer 416 and the fourth conducting layer 418 serve as the second capacitor plate (or an upper capacitor plate). Finally, the preferred embodiment of the capacitor according to the present invention is fabricated.
According to the present invention, the method for manufacturing the capacitor is not only very simple but can effectively increase the surface area of the capacitor. More particularly, this method will contruct a special capacitor structure. As shown in FIG. 4(f), an interlayer dielecrtic 402 and a first conducting layer 404, both of which are formed on a silicon substrate 400 in sequence, are partially removed for forming a contact window 408. There is a conducting layer (including the second conducting layer 410 and the third conducting layer 414) filling in the contact window 408 and upwardly extended to form a generally crosssectionally modified H-shaped structure having a horizontal part and a vertical part where the horizontal part has an end thereof extended and the space between the horizontal part and the etching stop layer are adapted to be occupied by a dielectric layer and a conducting layer. The conducting layers 404, 410, 414 serve as a lower capacitor plate.
To sum up, a generally crosssectionally modified H-shaped structure, formed by the conducting layers 410 and 414 according to the present invention, can increase the surface area of the capacitor. Therefore, merely with a simple process, it can significantly increase the surface area of the capacitor in comparison with the preceding conventional capacitors. Certainly, the height of the sacrificial oxide and the etching depth can be optionally adjusted according to the desired capacity. Therefore, the method of the present invention provides a unique capacitor structure which can prevent the defects caused by the prior art and solve the problem of the insufficient capacity in the certain capacitor region.
While the invention has been described in terms of what are presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention need not be limited to the disclosed embodiment. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims which are to be accorded with the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar structures.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method for manufacturing a capacitor applied to a memory unit including a substrate forming thereon a dielectric layer forming thereon a first conducting layer, comprising steps of: a) forming a first sacrificial layer over said first conducting layer; b) partially removing said first sacrificial layer, said first conducting layer, and said dielectric layer to form a contact window; c) forming a second conducting layer over said first sacrificial layer and in said contact window; d) forming a second sacrificial layer over said second conducting layer; e) partially removing said second sacrificial layer, said second conducting layer, and said first sacrificial layer to expose a portion of said first sacrificial layer; f) forming a third conducting layer alongside said second sacrificial layer, said second conducting layer, and said portion of said first sacrificial layer; g) removing said first and second sacrificial layers to expose said first conducting layer; and h) partially removing said first conducting layer while retaining a portion of said first conducting layer under said second and third conducting layers to construct a capacitor plate.
2. A method according to claim 1 wherein said dielectric layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
3. A method according to claim 1 wherein said dielectric layer is a nondoped silicon glass (NSG) layer with a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG..
4. A method according to claim 1 wherein said first conducting layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
5. A method according to claim 1 wherein said first conducting layer is one of a doped polysilicon layer and an amorphous silicon layer.
6. A method according to claim 1 wherein said first conducting layer has a thickness ranged between 100 .ANG. and 300 .ANG..
7. A method according to claim 1 wherein in said step (a), said first sacrificial layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
8. A method according to claim 1 wherein said first sacrificial layer is a sacrificial oxide with a thickness more than 6000 .ANG..
9. A method according to claim 1 wherein in said step (b), said contact window is formed by a photolithography and an etching technique.
10. A method according to claim 1 wherein in said step (c), said second conducting layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
11. A method according to claim 1 wherein said second conducting layer is one of a doped polysilicon layer and an amorphous silicon layer.
12. A method according to claim 1 wherein said second conducting layer has a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG..
13. A method according to claim 1 wherein in said step (d), said second sacrificial layer is a sacrificial oxide formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
14. A method according to claim 1 wherein in said step (e), said second sacrificial layer, said second conducting layer, and said first sacrificial layer are partially removed by a photolithography and an etching technique.
15. A method according to claim 1 wherein said third conducting layer is one of a doped polysilicon layer and an amorphous silicon layer.
16. A method according to claim 1 wherein said third conducting layer has a thickness ranged between 1000 .ANG. and 3000 .ANG..
17. A method according to claim 1 wherein said step (f) further includes: f1) forming a third conducting layer over surfaces of said second conducting layer, said portion of said first sacrificial layer, and said second sacrificial layer; and f2) executing an anisotropic etching process to partially remove said third conducting layer while retaining a portion of said third conducting layer alongside said second sacrificial layer, said second conducting layer, and said portion of said first sacrificial layer.
18. A method according to claim 17 wherein in said step (f1), said third conducting layer is formed by a chemical vapor deposition.
19. A method according to claim 1 wherein in said step (g), said first and second sacrificial layers are removed by a wet etching using a buffer over etching (B.O.E.) solution containing hydrofluoric acid (HF).
20. A method according to claim 1 further comprising steps after said step (h): i) forming an another dielectric layer over surfaces of said portion of said first conducting layer, and said second and third conducting layers; and j) forming a fourth conducting layer over said another dielectric layer to serve as an another capacitor plate.
21. A method according to claim 20 wherein said another dielectric layer and said fourth conducting layer are formed by a chemical vapor deposition (CVD).
22. A method according to claim 20 wherein said another dielectric layer is an oxide-on-nitride-on-oxide (ONO) layer with a thickness ranged between 50 .ANG. and 200 .ANG..
23. A method according to claim 20 wherein said fourth conducting layer is a doped polysilicon layer.
24. A method according to claim 1 further comprising a step after said step (h) to form a rugged conducting layer on said portion of said first conducting layer and said second and third conducting layers.