US 5,848,976 AGrant
Allergic Rhinitis Relief System and Process
Issue Date:1998-12-15
•22 Claims
•13 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
An allergy treatment that combines graphical indicia and medicinal dosages in at least three logically related physical formats, according to at least three medically related clinical steps. The first physical format, in reference to Step 1, presents a plurality of categories of queries regarding allergenic substances and conditions. The second physical format, in reference to Step 2, presents a plurality of categories of actions regarding recommendations for allergy avoidance. The third physical format, in reference to Step 3, presents one or more categories of medicinal dosages in one or more logically related physical regions, which are accompanied by a set of instructions. The arrangement is a program of artificial intelligence in which the patient is enabled by medical expertise: to select pertinent allergenic factors which are defined by the queries presented in Step 1; to select pertinent salutary recommendations which are defined by the actions presented in Step 2; and to implement or avoid the medicinal regimen that is provided and defined by the modules and indicia presented in Step 3. The steps together provide interrelated records for current and future evaluation.
Metadata
Inventor
- Robert E. Weinstein
Application Information
Application Number:US 8012598
Filing Date:1997-02-19
Priority Date:1997-02-19
Art Unit:376
Classifications
IPC:
A61B 500
Field of Search:
600206551;556;587569;570
Patent Drawings (13 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
Allergic rhinitis is a chronic medical ailment that afflicts millions of people throughout the industrialized world. Common allergenic substances and conditions are universally prevalent in permutations and combinations that confuse both patients and doctors, that inhibit insight into etiology, that limit doctor-patient communication, that restrict accurate feedback and interpretation of clinical results, and that impair diagnosis and therapy.
2. The Prior Art
A variety of helpful medications now are available, by prescription and over-the-counter, for treating allergic rhinitis. Difficulties have been encountered in systematically prescribing, adapting, monitoring, recording, and adjusting the selection and application of available medications. Allergy avoidance should be the initial focus of any strategy for treating allergic rhinitis, and should be practiced concomitantly with other treatments. Lack of a consistent program for implementing a sound strategy often has resulted in unnecessary use of costly medication and medical services. Prior strategies often have ignored inquiry into environmental factors in a manner that has been insufficiently oriented toward patient self-help and that has caused undue dependence on attention by medical personnel.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention relates to systems and processes for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, and, more particularly, to practical systems and processes for ameliorating the treatment of allergic rhinitis by reducing inherent confusion, encouraging effective patient self-help, improving and expediting medical evaluation and enhancing doctor-patient communication.
Specifically, the system and process of the present invention contemplate combining graphical indicia and medicinal dosages in at least three logically related physical formats, according to at least three medically related clinical steps. The first physical format, in reference to Step 1, presents a plurality of categories of queries regarding allergenic substances and conditions. The second physical format, in reference to Step 2, presents a plurality of categories of actions regarding recommendations for allergy avoidance. The third physical format, in reference to Step 3, presents one or more categories of medicinal dosages in one or more logically related physical regions, which are accompanied by a set of instructions. Preferably, the third physical format includes sequences of modules that are defined in at least one blister-pack array that includes a formed plastic sheet with pockets for receiving the dosages and a rupturable aluminum cover for retaining the dosages in their modules until removed manually.
Each of the categories in Step 1 is designated by a medical identifier that is unique within Step 1. Each of the categories in Step 2 is designated by a medical identifier that is unique within Step 2. Each medical identifier in Step 1 is substantially identical to a corresponding medical identifier in Step 2 and vice versa. The modules of any sequence in Step 3 are in proximity to indicia that designate increments of time. The arrangement is a program of artificial intelligence in which the patient is enabled by medical expertise: to select pertinent allergenic factors which are defined by the queries presented in Step 1; to select pertinent salutary recommendations which are defined by the actions presented in Step 2; and to implement or avoid the medicinal regimen that is provided and defined by the modules and indicia presented in Step 3. The steps together provide interrelated records for current and future evaluation.
The present invention improves patient understanding of allergy causation and treatment strategies, suggests an environmental allergy control plan to the patient, enhances the patient-doctor and care path partnership, improves clinical outcomes, and reduces costs for allergy care.
Brief Description of the Drawings
For a fuller understanding of the nature and objects of the present invention, reference is made to the following specification, which is to be taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram illustrating the three formats of the system and the three steps of the process of the present invention.
FIGS. 2a and 2b illustrate an example of a printed format for allergy assessment that corresponds to Step 1.
FIGS. 3a, 3b and 3c illustrate an example of a printed format for allergy exposure recommendations that corresponds to Step 2.
FIGS. 4a, 4b, 4c and 4d illustrate an example of a blister pack and printed format for carrying sequences of medicinal dosages, identifying the timing of successive dosages, and providing background medical information.
FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c illustrate another example of a printed format for allergy exposure recommendations that corresponds to Step 2.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
This allergy relief program, in effect, implements a cost-effective model, which standardizes delivery of care for allergic rhinitis. In its preferred embodiment, it includes a plan having three steps. Step 1 provides a record that interactively effects an Allergy Assessment. Step 2 provides a record that effects recommendations for Allergy Exposure Reduction as a function of Step 1. And Step 3 provides at least one sequential array of dosage units, which effect a Medication Regimen that is timed as a function of Steps 1 and 2. After completion, the allergy relief system and process of the present invention provide a permanent record to support current and future treatment.
The allergy relief program of the present invention may be particularly useful within health maintenance organizations (HMO's) and managed care plans, and may be utilized in the context of care criteria for specific patient populations or medical practice patterns. Suggested criteria for inclusion in the care path are stuffy nose, runny nose and sneezing, which may be associated with eye watering and itching, post-nasal drip and sinus fullness. Suggested criteria for exclusion from the care path of the present invention, indicative of infection or other complications, are pain in the sinus areas with fever, ear pain or loss of hearing, loss of sense of smell, severe or persistent sore throat, wheezing, shortness of breath, fever, and rash or joint tenderness. Patients who do not meet the care criteria of the present invention may be directed to their attending physician. Patients with heart disease, high blood pressure, thyroid disease, diabetes, seizure disorders, difficulty in urination due to enlargement of the prostate gland or taking monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors also may require direction by their physicians. After resolution of such complications, patients become eligible to proceed with use of the present invention.
As shown in FIG. 1, the illustrated embodiment physically implements the three steps of the present invention in a combination of graphical indicia and medicinal dosages in at least three logically related physical formats. The first physical format, in reference to Step 1, includes a record containing references to a plurality of categories of allergenic substances and conditions. The second physical format, in reference to Step 2, includes a record containing references to a plurality of categories of recommendations. The third physical format, in reference to Step 3, includes one or more categories of medicinal dosages in one or more logically related physical regions. These dosages, which are accompanied by a set of instructions, are distributed in sequences of modules that are defined in a blister-pack array that includes a formed plastic sheet with pockets for receiving the dosages and a rupturable aluminum cover for retaining the dosages in their modules until removed manually.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2a and 2b, the first physical format, in reference to Step 1, includes a record that refers to a plurality of categories of interactive base line queries. Each of the categories in Step 1 is designated by a query identifier that is unique within Step 1. Specifically, these query identifiers include POLLENS 20, HOUSE DUST 22, MOLDS 24, PETS 26, MEDICATIONS 28, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS 30. Each of the categories specified by these query identifiers is followed by a series of queries that are associated with check boxes 32, by which a patient is guided to specify applicable allergenic factors. Each of these queries is followed by a question mark 33.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 3a, 3b and 3c, the second physical format, in reference to Step 2, includes a record that refers to a plurality of categories of responsively recommended actions. Each of the categories in Step 2 is designated by a action identifier that is unique within Step 2. Specifically, these action identifiers include POLLENS 34, HOUSE DUST 36, MOLDS 38, PETS 40, MEDICATIONS 42, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS 44. Each of the categories specified by these action identifiers is followed by a series of suggested actions that are associated with bullet points 46, by which a patient is guided to take appropriate preventative measures. Each of these actions is followed by an exclamation mark 48.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 4a, 4b and 4c, the third physical format, in reference to Step 3, includes applicable medical information 50, and groups of medicinal dosages in logically related physical regions 52, 54, 55. These dosages are distributed in sequences of modules that are defined in a blister-pack array that includes a formed plastic sheet with pockets for receiving the dosages and a rupturable aluminum cover for retaining the dosages in their modules until removed manually. In the illustrated embodiment, the modules of any sequence in Step 3 are in proximity to indicia 56 that designate increments of time, which establish a time line that is related to the aforementioned query and action identifiers.
In one embodiment, the illustrated allergy relief system contains two blister packs of the type shown in FIGS. 1 and 4b, by which it is adapted for a package, which contains a 14-day medication regimen with pseudoephedrine for day and chlorpheniramine for night. These single entity medications are well characterized and have had long and widespread use. The concept of exploiting the characteristics of separate entities for day and night dosing is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,295,567. Removing dosages from their modules, after establishing a base line pursuant to Step 1 and following the recommendations of Step 2, inherently optimizes the medicinal regimen of Step 3 and produces a permanent record as a basis for further treatment. Therapeutic benefit is optimized and side effects minimized by this novel dosing regimen.
Another embodiment of the present invention includes an alternative Step 2, which is shown in FIGS. 5a, 5b and 5c. In this embodiment, the second physical format, in reference to Step 2, includes a record that refers to a plurality of categories of responsively recommended actions. Each of the categories in Step 2 is designated by an action identifier that is unique within Step 2. Specifically, these action identifiers include POLLENS 60, HOUSE DUST 62, MOLDS 68, PETS 70, MEDICATIONS 72, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS 74. Each of the categories specified by these action identifiers is followed by a series of suggested actions that are associated with check boxes 62, by which a patient is guided to take appropriate preventative measures. Each of these actions is followed by an exclamation mark 64.
The medicinal dosages in reference to Step 3 are shown in a blister pack format in the preferred embodiment. However, the present invention contemplates alternative dosage formats, such as liquids, powders, capsules, etc., accompanied by logically related indicia and instructions, which coordinate their use in conjunction with Steps 1 and 2.
Operation
It will be observed that each query identifier in Step 1 is substantially identical to a corresponding action identifier in Step 2 and vice versa. It will be observed also that all of the sections of the sections of the illustrated physical formats as shown in the drawings are of identical size and shape. This identity of format visually aids in comprehending and following the procedures of the present invention. Thus the queries of Step 1 identify relevant allergenic substances and conditions, the recommendations of Step 2 identify relevant needed actions, and the medication regimen of Step 3 provide comprehensive coordinated management of allergic disorders. Removing dosages from their modules pursuant to selected medical identifiers inherently establishes a time line that is related to the aforementioned medical identifiers. The steps together constitute current and future guidance pursuant to a regimen of artificial intelligence that serves as an aid to medical service providers, a self-help guide to patients, and a permanent record for future use by both.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A medical system for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, said medical system comprising: (a) at least three logically related physical formats, including a first physical format, a second physical format, and a third physical format; (b) said first physical format presenting a record that includes a plurality of categories of queries in reference to allergenic substances and conditions; (c) said second physical format presenting a record that includes a plurality of categories of actions in reference to said allergenic substances and conditions; (d) said third physical format presenting medicinal dosages and indicia in proximity to said modules, said indicia designating values of time; (e) each of said categories in said first physical format being designated by a medical value that is unique within said first physical format; (f) each of said categories in said second physical format being designated by a medical value that is unique within said second physical format; (g) each medical value in said first physical format being substantially identical to a corresponding medical value in said second physical format; (h) said categories being functionally related to said medicinal dosages and to said values of time; (i) the medical values of said categories of said first physical format consisting essentially of POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS; (j) the medical values of said categories of said second physical format consisting essentially of POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS, (k) said medicinal dosages incorporating at least a member selected from the class consisting of medicines for alleviating allergic responses to said medical values of said first physical format and said medical values of said second physical format.
2. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the queries within the categories of said first physical format are associated with check boxes.
3. The medical system of claim 1 wherein the queries within the categories of said second physical format are associated with visual attention indicia.
4. The medical system of claim 1 wherein said first physical format, said second physical format and said third physical format, all consist of sections that are substantially of the same size and shape.
5. The medical system of claim 1 wherein each of said queries of said first physical format terminates in a question mark.
6. The medical system of claim 1 wherein each of said actions of said second physical format terminates in an exclamation mark.
7. The medical system of claim 1 wherein said third physical format includes at least two categories of medicinal dosages.
8. The medical system of claim 1 wherein said third physical format includes at least one blister pack of said medical dosages.
9. The medical system of claim 1 wherein said second physical format includes check boxes in close proximity to said actions.
10. A medicinal process for treating allergic rhinitis comprising the steps of: (a) selecting queries from a first physical format presenting a record that includes a plurality of categories of said queries in reference to allergenic substances and conditions; (b) selecting actions from a second physical format presenting a record that includes a plurality of categories of actions in reference to said allergic substances and conditions; (c) optionally selecting medicinal dosages from a third physical format presenting medicinal dosages and indicia in proximity to said modules, said indicia designating values of time; (d) each of said categories in said first physical format being designated by a medical value that is unique within said first physical format; (e) each of said categories in said second physical format being designated by a medical value that is unique within said second physical format; (f) each medical value in said first physical format being substantially identical to a corresponding medical value in said second physical format; (g) said categories being functionally related to said medicinal dosages and to said values of time; (h) the medical values of said categories of said first physical format consisting essentially of POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS; (i) the medical values of said categories of said second physical format consisting essentially of POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS; (k) said medicinal dosages incorporating at least a member selected from the class consisting of medicines for alleviating allergic responses to said medical values of said first physical format and said medical values of said second physical format.
11. The process of claim 10 wherein the queries within the categories of said first physical format are associated with check boxes.
12. The process of claim 10 wherein the queries within the categories of said second physical format are associated with visual attention indicia.
13. The process of claim 10 wherein said first physical format, said second physical format and said third physical format, all consist of sections that are substantially of the same size and shape.
14. The process of claim 10 wherein each of said queries of said first physical format terminates in a question mark.
15. The process of claim 10 wherein each of said actions of said second physical format terminates in an exclamation mark.
16. The process of claim 10 wherein said third physical format includes at least two categories of medicinal dosages.
17. The process of claim 10 wherein said third physical format includes at least one blister pack of said medical dosages.
18. The medical system of claim 10 wherein said second physical format includes check boxes in close proximity to said actions.
19. A medical package for the treatment of allergic rhinitis, said medical package comprising: (a) at least three logically related physical formats, including a first physical format, a second physical format, and a third physical format; (b) said first physical format presenting a record that includes a plurality of categories of queries in reference to allergenic substances and conditions; (c) said second physical format presenting a record that includes a plurality of categories of actions in reference to said allergic substances and conditions; (d) said third physical format presenting medicinal dosages and indicia in proximity to said medicinal dosages, said indicia designating values of time; (e) each of said categories in said first physical format being designated by a medical value that is unique within said first physical format; (f) each of said categories in said second physical format being designated by a medical value that is unique within said second physical format; (g) each medical value in said first physical format being substantially identical to a corresponding medical value in said second physical format; (h) said categories being functionally related to said medicinal dosages and to said values of time; (i) the medical values of said categories of said first physical format consisting essentially of POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS; (j) the medical values of said categories of said second physical format consisting essentially of POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS; (k) each of said queries in said first physical format being in contiguity with each of said categories of said first physical format; (l) visual graphical elements preceding and emphasizing said queries within said categories of said first physical format; (m) visual graphical elements succeeding and emphasizing said queries within said categories of said first physical format; (n) said visual graphical elements being adapted for graphical selection; (o) a series of actions in said second physical format in contiguity with each of said categories of said second physical format; (p) visual graphical elements preceding and emphasizing said actions within said categories of said second physical format; (q) visual graphical elements succeeding and emphasizing said actions within said categories of said second physical format; (r) said visual graphical elements preceding and succeeding said actions and being adapted for graphical identification; (s) said third physical format including at least one medicinal dosage specific to allergic rhinitis; (t) removal of said dosages from said third physical format pursuant to said actions inherently establishing a usage that is related to said queries.
20. A medical system for treating allergic rhinitis, said medical package comprising: (a) a combination of graphical indicia and medicinal dosages in at least a first physical format, a second physical format and a third physical format; (b) said first physical format, in reference to a Step 1, including a record containing references to a plurality of categories that enable allergy assessment; (c) said second physical format, in reference to a Step 2, including a record containing references to a plurality of categories that enable exposure reduction; (d) said third physical format, in reference to a Step 3, including medicinal dosages adapted for allergic rhinitis; (e) said first physical format, in reference to said Step 1, including a record that refers to a plurality of categories of interactive queries; (f) each of said categories in said first physical format being designated by a query identifier that is unique within said Step 1; (g) the query identifiers of said first physical format including POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS; (h) a series of queries following each of said query identifiers; (i) a check box at the beginning of each of said queries of said series of queries; (j) a question mark at the end of each of said queries of said series; (k) said check box and said question mark being adapted to facilitate identification of applicable queries; (l) said second physical format, in reference to a Step 2, including a record that refers to a plurality of categories of interactive actions; (m) each of said categories in said second physical format being designated by an action identifier that is unique within step 2; (n) the action identifiers including POLLENS, HOUSE DUST, MOLDS, PETS, MEDICATIONS, and AIRBORNE IRRITANTS; (o) a series of actions following each of said action identifiers; (p) a visual attention symbol at the beginning of each of said actions of said series of actions; (q) an exclamation mark at the end of each of said actions of said series of actions; (r) said visual attention symbol and said exclamation mark being adapted to facilitate selection of a specific regimen of dosages; (s) indicia in said third physical format that designate increments of time in proximity to said modules to establish a time line that is related to said query identifiers and said action identifiers; (t) each query identifier of said first physical format in said Step 1 being in a first sequence; (u) each action identifier of said second physical format in said step 2 being in a second sequence; (v) said first sequence and said second sequence being substantially identical; (w) removal of dosages pursuant to said selected queries and actions being adapted to inherently establish a permanent record of usage that is related to said queries and actions; (x) whereby said queries of said first physical format in said Step 1 identify relevant allergenic substances and conditions, said actions of said second physical format in said Step 2 identify relevant needed actions, and said medication of said third physical format in said Step 3 provides comprehensive coordinated management of allergic disorders.
21. The medical system of claim 20 wherein said third physical format includes a multi-day medication regimen of a decongestant.
22. The medical system of claim 20 wherein said third physical format includes a multi-day medication of an antihistamine.
Patent Citations (3)
Non-Patent Literature (3)
- R. Michael Sly, Principles of Diagnosis and Treatment of Allergic Diseases, in Allergic Diseases from Infancy to Adulthood, 217-219 (C. Warren Bierman and David S. Pearlman eds., 2d ed. 1988).
- David G. Tinkelman, Principles of Diagnosis and Management, in Allergy, Asthma, and Immunology from Infancy to Adulthood, 135-137 (C. Warren Bierman et al. eds., 3d ed. 1996).
- Fuad M. Baroody and Robert M. Naclerio, Allergic Rhinitis, in Clinical Immunology Principles and Practice, 889-908 (Robert R. Rich et al. eds, 1996).