Process Cartridge and Refilling Method Therefor

The present invention relates a process cartridge and refilling method therefor.

Here, an electrophotographic image forming apparatus refers to an apparatus which forms images on recording medium, using an electrophotographic image forming process. It includes an electrophotographic copying machine, an electrophotographic printer (for example, LED printer., laser beam printer), an electrophotographic facsimile machine, an electrophotographic word processor, and the like.

The term process cartridge refers to a cartridge having, as a unit, an electrophotographic photosensitive member, and charging means, developing means and cleaning means, which is detachably mountable to a main assembly of an image forming apparatus. It may include as a unit an electrophotographic photosensitive member and at least one of charging means, developing means and cleaning means. It may include as a unit developing means and an electrophotographic photosensitive member.

An image forming apparatus using electrophotographic process is known which is used with the process cartridge. This is advantageous in that the maintenance operation can be, in effect, carried out by the users thereof without expert service persons, and therefore, the operativity can be remarkably improved. Therefore, this type is now widely used.

As for the refilling method, a method in which a hole is formed in a toner containing portion to refill the toner is known. The present invention is to further develop the method.

Accordingly, It is a principal object of the present invention to provide a toner refilling method and process cartridge thus refilled.

It is another object of the present invention to provide a toner refilling method and process cartridge thus refilled.

According to an aspect of the present invention there is provided a toner refilling method for a process cartridge detachably mountable to a main assembly of an image forming apparatus, the process cartridge including an electrophotographic photosensitive member, developing means for developing a latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, a toner accommodating portion for accommodating toner to be used for development by the developing means, cleaning means for removing the toner remaining on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a removed toner accommodating portion for accommodating the toner removed from the electrophotographic photosensitive member by the cleaning means, the method comprising the steps of: (1) a first digging step of digging a bole in the removed toner accommodating portion; (2) a toner discharging step for discharging the toner accommodated in the removed toner accommodating portion through the hole dug in the removed toner accommodating portion by the first digging step; (3) a first sealing step of sealing the hole of the removed toner accommodating portion, after the discharging of the toner; (4) a second digging step of digging a hole bridging over a separation member provided, in the toner accommodating portion, to partition an inside of the toner accommodating portion; (5) a toner refilling step of refilling toner into a first chamber and a second chamber formed by the separation member, through the hole dug in the toner accommodating portion by the second digging step; and (6) a second sealing step of sealing the hole dug by the second digging step, after the toner is refilled.

These and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent upon a consideration of the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to a first embodiment;of the present invention.

FIG. 2 show the outer appearance of the apparatus of FIG. 1

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view of a process cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic outer appearance of the process cartridge of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a right side view of the process cartridge of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a left side view of the process cartridge of FIG. 3.

FIG. 7 shows the outer appearance of the process cartridge of FIG. 3.

FIG. 8 shows the outer appearance of the process cartridge of FIG. 3, as seen from the bottom.

FIG. 9, (a) shows the outer appearance of a cleaning unit of the process cartridge of FIG. 3.

FIG. 9, (b) shows the outer appearance of a developing unit of the process cartridge of FIG. 3.

FIG. 10 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 11 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 12 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 13 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 14 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 15 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 16 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 17 is a side view illustrating mounting and demounting operations of the process cartridge of FIG. 3 relative to the main assembly of the image forming apparatus.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of an inside of the main assembly of the apparatus.

FIG. 19, (a) is a perspective view of an inside of the main assembly of the apparatus.

FIG. 19, (b) is a side view of an inside of the main assembly of the apparatus.

FIG. 20 shows contact between a contact member and a contact point.

FIG. 21 (a), (b), and (c) show contact between a contact member and a contact point.

FIG. 22 is a side view of a process cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23, (a) shows the outer appearance of a developing holder.

FIG. 23, (b) is a perspective view of the inside of a developing device holder.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view taken along a line I--I in FIG. 23, (a).

FIG. 25 is an enlarged view of a toner detection point in FIG. 23.

FIG. 26 is an exploded perspective view of a developing unit.

FIG. 27 is a perspective view of a developing device frame/or developing frame.

FIG. 28 is a perspective view of a developing unit without the developing holder.

FIG. 29 is a perspective view of a toner frame.

FIG. 30 is a perspective view of the toner frame after a toner seal is mounted.

FIG. 31 is a longitudinal sectional view of the toner seal of FIG. 30.

FIG. 32 a sectional view taken along a line RO--RO of FIG. 3.

FIG. 33 is an exploded perspective view of a toner frame.

FIG. 34 is a bottom view of a process cartridge.

FIG. 35 is a side view illustrating a gear train of FIG. 28.

FIG. 36 is a side view of a toner frame.

FIG. 37 is a perspective view of a process cartridge illustrating a toner removing and toner refilling, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 38 is a perspective view of a process cartridge before process of FIG. 37.

FIG. 39 is a perspective view of a process cartridge after refill of the toner, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 40 is a side view of a process cartridge wherein toner refill, according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

FIG. 41 is a top plan view of a process cartridge illustrating toner refill process according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 42 is a longitudinal sectional view of a separation member in a frame of a process cartridge, according to and embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 43 is a perspective view of a cleaning frame of a process cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 44 is a perspective view of a process cartridge with a toner filling method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Hereinafter, tho preferable embodiments of the present invention will be described. In the following descriptions, the widthwise direction of a process cartridge B means the direction in which the process cartridge B is inserted or removed from the main assembly 14 of an image forming apparatus (hereinafter, apparatus main assembly). This direction coincides with the direction in which the recording medium is conveyed. The longitudinal direction of the process cartridge B means the direction perpendicular (substantially) to the direction in which the process cartridge B is inserted or removed from the apparatus main assembly 14. This direction intersects with (i.e., is substantially perpendicular to) the direction in which the recording medium is conveyed. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus (laser beam printer) in accordance with the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an external perspective view thereof. FIGS. 3-8 are drawings depicting an embodiment of the process cartridge in accordance with the present invention. FIG. 3 is a sectional side view of the process cartridge; FIG. 4, an external perspective view thereof: FIG. 5, a right side view thereof; FIG. 6, a left side view thereof; FIG. 7., a perspective view as seen from above; and FIG. 8 is a perspective view as seen from below. Also in the following description, the top surface of the process cartridge B means the surface which faces upward when the process cartridge B is in the apparatus main assembly 14, and the bottom surface means the surface which faces downward when the process cartridge B is in the main assembly means 14.

›Electrophotographic Image Forming Apparatus A and Process Cartridge B!

To begin with, referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, a laser beam printer as an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, to which the embodiment of the present invention has been applied, will be described. FIG. 3 is a side view of a process cartridge B.

Referring to FIG. 1, this laser beam printer A is of a type which forms an image on recording medium, for example, recording paper, OHP sheet, or fabric, through the electrophotographic image forming process. First, a toner image is formed on a drum shaped electrophotographically sensitive member (hereinafter, photosensitive drum) as an image bearing member. More specifically, the photosensitive drum is charged by charging means, and then, a laser beam is projected onto the charged photosensitive member from optical means in response to Imaging data, to form a latent image on the photosensitive member in response to the imaging data. Next, this latent image is developed into a toner image by developing means. Meanwhile, a sheet of recording medium 2 placed in a cassette 3a is conveyed, being thereby fed out, by a conveying means 3 comprising a pair of pickup rollers 3b and 3c, and a pair of registration rollers 3d and 3e, and the like, in synchronism with the toner image formation. Next, a voltage is applied to a transfer roller 4 as transferring means, whereby the toner image formed on the photosensitive drum, which a process cartridge B comprises, is transferred onto the recording medium 2. Then, the recording medium having received the toner image is delivered to a fixing means 5. This fixing means 5 comprises a driving roller 5c and a fixing roller 5b containing a heater 5a, and applies heat and pressure to the recording medium 2, which is passed through the fixing means 5, whereby the transferred toner image is fixed. Next, the recording medium 2 now bearing the fixed toner image is conveyed and discharged into a discharge tray 6, through a sheet-reversing path 3j, by a group of discharging roller pairs 3g, 3h and 3i. This discharge tray 6 is provided on the top surface of the apparatus main assembly 14 of the image forming apparatus A. The apparatus A comprises also a pivotable flapper 3k and a discharge roller pair 3m, and when this flapper 3k is operated, the recording medium 2 can be discharged without being flipped over through the discharge roller pair 3m, without going through the sheet-reversing path 3j. In this embodiment, the aforementioned pickup roller 3b, conveyer roller pairs 3c and 3d, register roller 3e, conveyer guide 3f, discharge roller pairs 3g, 3h and 3i, and discharge roller pair 3m constitute Conveying means.

Referring to FIGS. 3-8, in the process cartridge B, the surface of a photosensitive drum 7 as the image bearing member with a photosensitive layer 7e (FIG. 20) is uniformly charged by applying a voltage to a charging roller 8, which is a charging means, while the photosensitive drum 7 is rotated. Next, a laser beam carrying the image data is projected by an optical system 1 onto the photosensitive drum 7 through an exposure opening 9, whereby a latent image is formed on the photosensitive drum 7. This latent image is developed with toner by a developing means 9.

The charging roller 8 is placed in contact with the photosensitive drum 7 to charge the photosensitive drum 7, wherein this charging roller 8 is rotated by the rotation on the photosensitive drum 7. The developing means 9 develops the latent image formed on the photosensitive drum 7, by supplying the toner to the photosensitive drum 7, on the regions to be developed. The optical system 1 comprises a laser diode 1a, a polygon mirror 1b, a lens 1c, and a full reflection mirror 1d.

As the toner stirring member 9b of the aforementioned developing means 9 is rotated, the developing means 9 stirs the toner within the toner container 11A, and sends it toward the developing roller 9c, and as a developing roller 9c, in which a magnet is fixed, is rotated, a layer of toner, triboelectrically charged by a developing blade 9d, is formed on the surface of the developing roller 9c. The toner is supplied from this toner layer to the photosensitive drum 7, on the region to be developed. As the toner is transferred onto the photosensitive drum 7 in correspondence with the latent image, the latent image is visualized. This developing blade 9d regulates the amount of the toner coated on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 9c. Also, stirring members 9e and 9f for stirring and circulating the toner are rotatively mounted adjacent to the developing roller 9c.

Next, a voltage with a polarity opposite to that of the toner image is applied to the transfer roller 4, whereby the toner image on the photosensitive drum 7 is transferred onto the recording medium 2. Then, the residual toner on the photosensitive drum 7 is removed by a cleaning means 10. The cleaning means 10 comprises an elastic cleaning blade 10a, which is disposed in contact with the photosensitive drum 7. The toner remaining on the photosensitive drum 7 is scraped off by the elastic cleaning blade 10a to be collected in a waste toner collector 10b.

The process cartridge B is formed by combining: a toner chamber portion 11 of the cartridge frame (hereinafter toner chamber frame), which constitutes a portion of the toner container 11A (toner containing portion) for storing the toner; a developing chamber portion 12 of the frame (hereinafter, developing chamber frame), which contains the developing means such as the developing roller 9c; and a cleaning means portion 13 of the frame (hereinafter, cleaning means frame), which comprises the photosensitive drum 7, cleaning means such as the cleaning blade 10a, charging roller 8, and the like. This process cartridge B is removably installed in the apparatus main assembly 14 by an operator.

The process cartridge B is provided with an exposure opening 1e, which allows the light beam carrying the image data to be irradiated onto the photosensitive drum 7, and a transfer opening 13n, which allows the photosensitive drum 7 to face directly the recording medium 2. More specifically, the exposure opening 1e is provided in the cleaning means portion 13, and the transfer opening 13n is formed between the developing chamber portion 12 and cleaning means portion 13.

Next, the structure of the housing of an embodiment of the process cartridge B according to the present invention will be described.

This process cartridge B in accordance with the present invention is assembled in the following manner. First, the toner chamber frame 11 and developing chamber frame 12 are joined. Then, the cleaning means frame 13 is rotatively attached to the structure formed by joining the preceding two frame portions, completing thereby a cartridge housing. Next, the aforementioned photosensitive drum 7, charging roller 8, developing means 9, cleaning means 10 and the like are disposed within the housing to complete the process cartridge B. The process cartridge B is removably installed in a cartridge installing means provided within the apparatus main assembly 14.

›Structure of Housing of Process Cartridge B!

The housing of the process cartridge B according to the present invention is constructed by joining the toner chamber frame 11, developing chamber frame 12, and cleaning means frame 13, and its structure will be described below.

Referring to FIGS. 3 and 9, the toner chamber frame 11 comprises a toner storing container portion 11A, in which the toner stirring member 9b for stirring and sending out the contained toner is mounted. The developing roller 9c and developing blade 9d are mounted on the developing chamber frame 12, and the stirring members 9e and 9f, which circulate the toner within the developing chamber, are rotatively mounted adjacent to the developing roller 9c. Further, an antenna rod 9h is disposed adjacent to the developing roller 9c, substantially in parallel thereto. The aforementioned toner chamber frame 11 and developing chamber frame 12 are melt-welded (by the ultrasonic welding in this embodiment) to form a developing unit D as an integral second frame member (refer to FIG. 9(b)).

The photosensitive drum 7, charging roller 8, and cleaning means 10 are mounted on the cleaning means frame 13. Further, a drum shutter member 18, which covers and protects the photosensitive drum 7 when the process cartridge B is out of the apparatus main assembly 14, is attached to the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame to form a cleaning unit C as the first frame member (refer to FIG. 9(a))

Then, the developing unit D and cleaning unit C are joined with a joining member 22, in such a manner as to be pivotable relative to each other, to complete the process cartridge B. More specifically, referring to FIG. 9, an axis 20 is provided at the end of an arm portion 19 formed at each of the longitudinal ends (in the axial direction of the developing roller 2c) of the developing chamber portion 12 of the frame (refer to FIG. 9(b)). On the other hand, a recessed portion 21, in which the axis 20 is fitted to fix the positional relationship between the developing D and cleaning unit C, is provided at each of the longitudinal ends of the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame (refer to FIG. 9(a)). The joining member 22 is mounted on the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame by inserting the axis 20 into the recessed portion 21, whereby the developing and cleaning units D and C are joined in a manner so as to pivot relative to each other about the axis 20. The joining member 22 is provided with a compression spring 22a, so that the developing chamber frame 12 is pressed downward to reliably press the developing roller 9 toward the photosensitive drum 7. Further, a spacer ring 9i having a larger diameter than the developing roller 9 is provided at each of the longitudinal end portions of the developing roller 9, wherein this ring 9i is pressed on the photosensitive drum 7 to keep a predetermined distance (approximately 300 .mu.m) between the photosensitive drum 7 and developing roller 9c. Thus, the positional relationship between the peripheral surface of the photosensitive drum 7 and the peripheral surface of the developing roller 9c can be precisely maintained by the elastic force of the compression spring 22a.

›Structure of Guiding Means of Process Cartridge B!

Next, guiding means, which guides the cartridge B when the cartridge B is installed into the apparatus main assembly 14 or removed therefrom, will be described referring to FIGS. 4-9, wherein FIG. 5 is a right-hand side view of the cartridge B relative to the direction of an arrow mark X, in which the cartridge B is inserted into the apparatus main assembly 14 (right-hand side as seen from the developing unit D side), and FIG. 6 is a left-hand side view of the same.

As is evident from the drawings, the guiding means, which serves as a guide when the process cartridge B is inserted into the apparatus main assembly 14 or removed therefrom, is provided on each of the longitudinal end surfaces of the housing 100. This guiding means comprises a cylindrical guide 13a as a first guiding member, a long guide 12a as a second guiding member, and s short guide 13b as a third guiding member.

The cylindrical guide 13a, that is, a cylindrical member, projects outward from the lateral surface of the cleaning means frame 13, in line with the axis of the photosensitive drum 7. It supports the drum shaft 7a, which supports the photosensitive drum 7, in such a manner as not to rotate it. The long guide 12a is provided on each of the longitudinal and surfaces of the developing chamber frame 12, and bridges the surfaces of the developing chamber frame 12 and cleaning means frame 13. The short guide 13b is provided on each of the longitudinal end surfaces of the cleaning means frame 13, above the cylindrical guide 13a. More specifically, the long guide 12a is integrally formed on developing roller holders 40 and 41 (refer to FIG. 23), which will be described later. Further, the cylindrical guide 13a and short guide 13b are integrally formed on the cleaning means frame 13.

The long guide 12a extends in the direction (arrow X direction), in which the cartridge B is inserted, and its angle is set to be substantially equal to an angle at which the process cartridge B is inserted. The cylindrical guide 13a is disposed so as to fall in the path of the imaginary extension of the long guide 12a in the cartridge inserting direction, and the short guide 13b is substantially parallel to the long guide 13a. Referring to FIG. 6, the cylindrical guide 13a, second guide m ember 12a, third guide member 13b are also provided on the longitudinal side surface opposite to the one illustrated in FIG. 10, and their configuration and positions are the same as those shown in FIG. 5. These three guiding members project substantially the same distance from the external surface of the cleaning means frame 13 and developing chamber frame 12, which are in the same plane.

Hereinafter, a more detailed description will be given.

The cylindrical guide 13 as the first guiding member is provided on each of the lateral surfaces C1 (right-hand side 13c) and C2 (left-hand side 13d) of the cleaning unit C, wherein the side C1 is the right-hand side portion 13c of the cleaning means frame 13, relative to the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 7, as the cartridge 5 is seen from the developing unit D side (as the cartridge B is seen from the downstream side of the cartridge B inserting direction). The other side C2 is the left-hand side portion of the cleaning means frame 13, relative to the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 7. This cylindrical guide 13a is a cylindrical member., which projects from each of both longitudinal end surfaces 13c and 13d of the cleaning means frame 13 in the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 7. The drum shaft 7a is supported by this cylindrical member 13a, which fits around the drum shaft 7a. In other words, the drum shaft 7a is guided by the guiding member 16a, which will be described later, with the cylindrical member 13a being interposed, and then, the position of the drum shaft 7a is fixed by a groove 16a5 (refer to FIGS. 10-17).

The long guide 12a as the second guide member is provided on each of the longitudinal end surfaces D1 (right-hand portion 12c) and D2 (left-hand side 12d) of the developing unit D, wherein one surface, D1, of the lateral portion is the right-hand portion 12c, relative to the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 7, of the developing chamber frame portion 12, and the other surface, D2, is the left-hand side portion 12d, relative to the axial direction of the photosensitive drum 7, of the developing chamber frame portion 12. The long guide 12a is disposed away from the cylindrical guide 13a, being on the upstream side of the cylindrical guide 13a, relative to the cartridge inserting direction (arrow X direction). More precisely, the long guide 12a is disposed within a region L formed between the top and bottom imaginary lines 111 and 112 (FIG. 5) extended parallel in the inserting direction and tangentially from the peripheral surface of the cylindrical guide 13a, and this long guide 12a bridges between the developing chamber frame portion 12 and cleaning means frame portion 13, with its inserting end portion 12a1 extending over the lateral surface area of the cleaning frame portion 13 (by an approximate distance of 1 mm to 3 mm).

The short guide 13b as the third guiding member is provided on the lateral surfaces 13c and 13d of the cleaning unit C, above the cylindrical guide 13a. More specifically, the short guide 13b is substantially directly above the cylindrical guide 13a as seen from the cartridge inserting direction. In other words, the short guide 13b is disposed within the region 15 formed between two parallel lines 113 and 114, which are drawn in such a manner as to be tangent to the peripheral surface of the cylindrical guide 13a and substantially perpendicular to the cartridge inserting direction (arrow X direction). In addition, the short guide 13b is substantially parallel to the long guide 13a.

Here, typical measurements of the guiding members will be listed. Hereinafter, a tolerable range means the measurement range adopted in this embodiment of the process cartridge.

The cylindrical guide 13a is approximately 10.0 mm in diameter (tolerable range of 7.5 mm to 10.0 mm); the long guide 12a is approximately 36.0 mm in length (tolerable range of 15.0 mm to 41.0 mm) and approximately 8.0 mm in width (tolerable range of 1.5 mm to 10.0 mm); and short guide 13b is approximately 10.0 mm in length (tolerable range of 3.0 mm to 17.0 mm) and approximately 4.0 mm (tolerable range of 1.5 mm to 7.0 mm) in width. Further, the distance between the peripheral surface of the cylindrical guide 13a and the inserting end portion 12a1. of the long guide 12a is approximately 9.0 mm.

The distance between the peripheral surface of the cylindrical guide 13a and the bottom end tip 13b1 of the short guide 13b is approximately 7.5 mm (tolerable range of 5.5 mm to 9.5 mm).

Next, a regulatory contact portion 13e and a disengagement contact portion 13f, which are provided on the top surface 13d of the cleaning unit C, will be described. Here, the top surface means such a portion of the leaning unit C surface that is going to face upward when the process cartridge B is installed into the apparatus main assembly 14. In this embodiment, it is the top surface 13i of the cleaning unit C.

The regulatory contact portion 13e and disengagement contact portion 13f are provided on each of the right lateral end portion 13c and left lateral end portion 13d of this surface 13i. This regulatory contact 13e fixes the position of the process cartridge B in the apparatus main assembly 14. More specifically, when the process cartridge B is inserted into the apparatus main assembly 14, the contact 13e comes in contact with a fixing member 25 provided on the apparatus main assembly 14 (FIGS. 10-17), whereby the position of the process cartridge B is regulated. The disengagement contact portion 13f displays its function when the process cartridge B is removed from the apparatus main assembly 14. More Specifically, when the process cartridge B is taken out of the apparatus main assembly 14, it comes in contact with the fixing member 25 to permit a moment to function to smoothly remove the cartridge B. The steps for installing or removing the process cartridge B will be described later with reference to FIGS. 10-17.

Describing this embodiment in more detail, a recessed portion 13g is provided on the cleaning unit C, on the top surface 13i of the cleaning unit C, at each of the lateral edges relative to the cartridge inserting direction, This recess portion 13g is provided with: the first slanted surface 13g1, which extends upward toward the rear from the leading end of the cartridge B relative to the inserting direction (arrow X direction); the second slanted surface 13g3, which extends downward toward the rear from the top end 13g2 of the slanted surface 13g3; and the fourth slanted surface 13g5, which extends further downward toward the rear from the bottom end 13g4 of the slanted surface 13g3. At the bottom end 13g6 of the slanted surface 13g5, a wall (slanted or inclined surface) 13g7 is provided. The second slanted surface 13g3 corresponds to the regulatory contact portion 13e, and the wall 13g7 corresponds to the disengagement contact portion 13f.

Here, the typical measurements of the portions described above will be listed.

The regulatory contact portion 13e is angled by 0 degree relative to the horizontal direction X (FIG. 5) of the cartridge B in the apparatus main assembly 14, and is approximately 6.0 mm in length (tolerable range of 4.5 mm to 8.0 mm). The disengagement contact portion 13f is slanted by .theta.1 (approximately 45 degrees) relative to the horizontal direction 1, and is approximately 10.0 mm in length (tolerable range of 8.5 mm to 15.0 mm).

›Steps for Installing or Removing Process Cartridge!

Next, the steps for installing the process cartridge B into the apparatus main assembly 14, or removing it therefrom, will be described with reference to FIGS. 10-19.

Let it be assumed that the process cartridge B structured as described above can be installed into the cartridge accommodating means provided within the apparatus main assembly 14, and can be removed therefrom.

Referring to FIGS. 18 and 19, as an operator opens a pivotal cover 35 by pivoting it about a supporting point 35a, a cartridge accommodating space S, and left and right cartridge Installation guides 16, which are mounted on the corresponding sides of the apparatus main assembly 14, are exposed. Each of the cartridge installation guides 16 comprises a pair of guide portions of its own, that is, a first guide portion 16a and a second guide portion 16b, which correspond to the same on the opposite side. The installation of the process cartridge 13 into the apparatus main assembly 14 is accomplished by inserting the process cartridge B along the guide portions 16a and 16b and closing the cover 15. As for the inserting direction of the cartridge B, it is a direction which intersects with the axial line of the photosensitive drum 7; more specifically, it is such a direction that is substantially perpendicular to the axial line of the photosensitive drum 7 as illustrated in FIGS. 10-17. In this case, the cleaning unit C side is the leading side and the developing unit D side is the tailing side.

A recessed portion 17 is provided on the cartridge B, at each of the longitudinal ends, which makes it easier for an operator to hold it during its installation or removal (see FIG. 3); the operator uses both hands to hang onto the recessed portions, as handholds, of the process cartridge when installing or removing it.

Further, the process cartridge B comprises a drum shutter 18 (see FIG. 3), the movement of which is linked to the movement of the cartridge B during its installation or removal. When the cartridge B is removed from the laser beam printer assembly, the shutter 18 is closed to protect the portion of the photosensitive drum 7 which faces the transfer opening. This shutter member 18 is connected to each of the tips of an arm 18a and a link member 18b, being thereby supported, both of which are rotatively supported on the cleaning means frame 13 as illustrated in FIG. 6. Also referring to FIG. 6, as the process cartridge B is inserted in the apparatus main assembly 14 in the arrow x direction, the leading end of the lever 23, which is fixed to the arm 18a by its base portion, strikes a stopper (unillustrated) fixed on the apparatus main assembly 14, whereby the lever 23 is rotated about a supporting point 18c where the shutter arm 18a is supported, opening thereby the shutter member 18. As the process cartridge B is taken out of the apparatus main assembly 14, the shutter member 18 is closed due to the elastic force of a torsion spring 23a.

The first guide portion 16a is the bottom portion of the guide member 16, and guides the long guide 12a and cylindrical guide 13a provided on the process cartridge B side. This first guide portion 16a comprises a main guide portion 16a1, a stepped portion 16a2, a recessed portion 16a3, an auxiliary guide portion 16a4, and a positioning groove 16a5, which are disposed in this order from the upstream side toward the downstream relative to the inserting direction. The main guide portion 16a1 guides the long guide 12a and cylindrical guide 13a. The auxiliary guide portion 16a4 guides the cylindrical guide 13a into the positioning groove 16a5. The positioning groove 16a5 is where the cylindrical guide 13a is fitted to regulate the position of the cartridge B in the apparatus main assembly 14. The second guide portion 16b is the upper portion of the guide member 16, and comprises a slanted surface 16b1 and a recess 16b2, which are disposed in this order from the upstream side toward the downstream relative to the inserting direction.

Further, in the cartridge accommodating space S of the apparatus main assembly 14, a fixed member 25 (member for regulating the rotation) is provided on the left and right sides. It is fixed to a stay 27, This fixed member 25 comes in contact with the aforementioned regulatory contact portion 13e to regulate the clockwise rotation of the cartridge B (FIG. 15). More specifically, the cartridge B is accurately positioned in the apparatus main assembly 14 as the cylindrical guide 13a fits into the groove 16a5 and the regulatory contact 13e comes in contact with the fixed member 25. Further, when the cartridge B is taken out, the fixed member 25 comes in contact with the disengagement contact portion 13f to facilitate the smooth removal of the cartridge B.

Further, in the cartridge accommodating space S, a pressing member 26 is disposed on the left and right sides (refer to FIGS. 10-19). This pressing member 26 pressed in the clockwise direction (FIGS. 10-17) by the elastic force of a coil spring 26a is rotatable about a fulcrum 26b, and elastically presses the top surface of the cartridge B, whereby the cartridge B is prevented from being vibrated when the apparatus A is subjected to vibration or the like.

Next, the relationship between the installation guide 16 provided on the apparatus main assembly 14 and the guide members 12a, 13a and 13b provided on the cartridge B, during the installation or removal of the cartridge B, will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 10-15 are schematic drawings, which depict the steps for installing the process cartridge B from the beginning of the cartridge installation to the moment when the process cartridge B is finally positioned in a predetermined location. In FIGS. 10 and 15, the full side view of the process cartridge B is depicted with a solid line, and the installation guide member of the apparatus main assembly 14 is depicted with a double dot chain line (imaginary line). In FIGS. 11-14, which depict intermediary steps of the cartridge installation, only the guide members of the process cartridge B are depicted with the solid line, and the other portions are depicted with the double dot chain lines.

First, referring to FIG. 10 at the beginning of the cartridge B installation into the apparatus main assembly 14 by an operator, the cylindrical guide 13a and long guide 12a of the cartridge B are guided by the guide portion 16a in such a manner as to slide thereon. At this moment, the short guide 13b is not guided by the guide portion 16b, being away front it by a predetermined distance E (in this embodiment, approximately 2.0 mm to 4.0 mm).

Also at this moment, the pressing member 26 rotates upward following the slanted surface 13i provided on the top surface of the cartridge B, so that it does not interfere with the cartridge installation. As the cartridge B is being further inserted, the pressing member 26 keeps on sliding on the top surface of the cartridge B, checking thereby the upward movement of the cartridge B. Even after the cartridge B has been installed in the apparatus A, the pressing member 26 keeps on pressing on the top surface of the cartridge B as long as the cartridge B is in the apparatus A.

Next, when the process cartridge B has been further inserted and is in the state depicted in FIG. 11, the cylindrical guide 13a is ready to pass the stepped portion 16a2 provided on the first installation guide portion 16a and to move onto the recess portion 16a3 provided also on the first installation guide portion 16a. This recessed portion 16a3 of the guide portion 16a is to let go of the long guide 12a when the process cartridge B is inserted to a predetermined point (FIG. 15), and its depth m (in this embodiment, approximately 4.0 mm to 8.0 mm) is set to be larger than the aforementioned distance E (E<M). It should be noted that at this moment, the short guide 13b is not in contact with the second guide portion 16b (upwardly slanted surface 16b1).

Next, as the process cartridge B is further inserted till the state depicted in FIG. 12 is realized, the short guide 13b makes contact with the guide portion 16b before the cylindrical guide 13a of the cartridge B reaches the bottom of the recessed portion 16a3. In other words, at this time, both the long and short guides 12a and 13b serve as the insertion guide, whereby the shock, which might be imparted on the cartridge B by the stepped portion or the like, is reduced.

As the process cartridge B is further inserted, the state illustrated in FIG. 13 is realized In this state, the trailing end of the long guide 12a of the process cartridge B is at the edge of the recessed portion 16a3 of the first guide portion 16a, and the cylindrical guide 13a of the process cartridge B is in contact with the auxiliary guide portion 16a4, being ready to follow the guide portion 16a4. Next, the cylindrical guide 13a and short guide 13b of the process cartridge B are guided by the first guide portion 16a and second guide portion 16b, respectively (FIG. 14).

Next, as the cartridge B is further inserted and the state illustrated in FIG. 14 is realized, the short guide 13b comes to the recessed portion 16b2 of the second guide portion 16b. For a short period in which this short guide 13b drops into the recessed portion 16b2, only the cylindrical guide 13a is in contact with the apparatus main assembly 14, at the auxiliary guide portion 16a4; therefore, the process cartridge B slightly rotates in the counterclockwise direction, and lastly, the cylindrical guide 13a drops into the groove 16a5 of the guide portion 16a (FIG. 15). At substantially the same time, the regulatory contact portion 13c provided on the cleaning means frame portion 13 comes in contact with the rotation regulating portion 25a (FIG. 15) of the fixed member 25 fixed to the apparatus main assembly 14. As a result, the overall position and orientation of the process cartridge B within the apparatus A is fixed. In this state, the position of the process cartridge B is fixed by the cylindrical guide 13a alone, and the other guides (long and short guides 12a and 13b) are not In contact with any portion of the installation guide member 16 of the apparatus main assembly 14; therefore, the position of the cartridge B is accurately fixed.

The positional relationship between the regulatory contact portion 13e and rotation regulating portion 25a, which will be described later in detail, is such that the moment, which is generated on the process cartridge B as the process cartridge B is driven, is received by the contact between regulatory contact portion 13e and rotation regulating portion 25a. The distance from the contact point between the regulatory contact portion 13e and rotation regulating portion 25 to the center of the cylindrical guide 13a is longer than the distance between the long guide 12a and the center of the cylindrical guide 13a, and the distance between the short guide 13b and center of the cylindrical guide 13a. Therefore, the orientation of the process cartridge B remains more stable when the process cartridge B is driven.

In a state shown in FIG. 15, a helical drum gear 7b provided on the photosensitive drum 7, at one of the axial ends, engages with a driving helical gear 28 provided on the apparatus main assembly 14. Thus, the driving force is transmitted from the apparatus main assembly 14 to the photosensitive drum by way of the gears 28 and 7b, wherein as the driving force is transmitted from the helical gear 28 to helical gear 7b, the cartridge B is subjected to a force that works in the clockwise direction (FIG. 17). However, the movement generated on the cartridge B is regulated by the contact portion 13e.

The pressing member 26 presses down the process cartridge B from above. Therefore, even if the cylindrical guide 13a fails to drop into the groove 16a5 of the apparatus main assembly 14, a moment is generated about the contact point between the rotation regulating portion 25a and contact portion 13e. whereby the cylindrical guide 13a is cause d to drop into the groove 16a5.

Next, referring to FIGS. 16 and 17, the steps for taking the process cartridge B out of the apparatus main assembly 14 will be described. In the drawing, the direction indica ted by an arrow Y is the direction in which the process cartridge B is removed.

Referring to FIG. 16, when the process cartridge B is to be removed from the apparatus main assembly 14, the operator grabs a handle portion 17 (to provide the handle, recessed portions, are formed on the cartridge B) and lifts the cartridge B by the handle portion 17 (direction of an arrow a), whereby the process cartridge B is rotated counterclockwise about the cylindrical guide 13a. As a result, the disengagement contact portion 13f of the process cartridge B makes contact with the disengagement contact portion 25b of the fixed member 25 provided on the apparatus main assembly 14, As the process cartridge B is further lifted, it is rotated about the contact point F between the disengagement contact portion 13f and disengagement contact portion 25b of the fixed member 25. As a result, the cylindrical guide 13a is lifted out of the groove 16a5. At this moment, the engagement between the drum gear 7b and driving gear 28 is smoothly broken. In this state, the process cartridge B can be pulled straight out of the apparatus A, following the steps depicted in FIGS. 14, 13, 12, 11 and 10 in that order.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the long guide as the second guide member is extended in the cartridge inserting direction in such a manner as to bridge the lateral surfaces of the developing unit D and cleaning unit C; therefore, the process cartridge is prevented from wobbling during the installation or removal. As a result, the cartridge installation becomes more reliable, which improves the operational efficiency.

The guiding means, which serves as the guide when the process cartridge is inserted into the apparatus main assembly 14 or removed therefrom, is constituted of three guide members; cylindrical guide 13a, long guide 12a, and short guide 13b, and the process cartridge B is guided by at least two guides during its installation or removal; therefore, even if there is a stepped portion or the like on the installation guide members of the apparatus main assembly 14, the shock, to which the process cartridge B might be subjected, is cushioned.

The position of the process cartridge B is fixed by the rotation regulating portion 25a oriented to control the moment, which is generated on the cartridge B as the cartridge is driven, and the cylindrical guide 13a, whereas the other guides (long and short guides 12a and 13b) remain in non-contact with the guide members of the apparatus main assembly 14; therefore, the orientation of the process cartridge B remains more stable while the image forming apparatus is driven (during the image formation).

As for the guiding means for installing or removing the cartridge B, the embodiment described above exemplifies a guiding means comprising three guide members positioned at different locations. However, the embodiment described above is not limited to this example, but instead, it may be a guiding means comprising at least a cylindrical guide as the first guide member, and a long guide as the second guide member, or a guiding means comprising an additional guide member or guide members besides the three mentioned above. Such an arrangement can also stabilize the cartridge B during the installation or removal, and improves the operational efficiency.

Referring to FIG. 9, (a) and 9, (b), a spur gear 7n is disposed on the photosensitive drum 7, at the end opposite, relative to the axial direction, to the end where the drum gear 7b is disposed. When the process cartridge B is mounted in the apparatus main assembly 14, this spur gear 7n engages with a gear (unillustrated), which is disposed in the apparatus main assembly 14 on the same axis as the transfer roller 4. As it engages with the unillustrated gear, the driving force is transmitted from the process cartridge to rotate the transfer roller 4.

A reference numeral 9u designates a helical gear, which is disposed at one of the axial ends of the developing roller 9c. It engages with the aforementioned spur gear 7b, whereby the driving force for rotating the developing roller 9c is transmitted by way of the helical drum gear 7b.

›Toner Container Frame (toner container)!

Referring to FIGS. 3, 29, 30, 32 and 33, a toner container frame (toner container) will be described in detail. FIG. 29 is a perspective view before a toner seal is welded; FIG. 30 is a perspective view after the toner is filled; FIG. 32 is a plan view a top frame 11a; and FIG. 33 is a perspective view of the disassembled toner container frame.

A toner container frame 11 is constituted of two components: a top frame 11a (first frame) and a bottom frame 11b (second frame). On each of the longitudinal end surfaces of the top frame 11a, a recessed portion 17 is provided. It is disposed close to the top surface of the top frame, and serves as the handhold described above. The bottom frame 11b is provided with a number of ribs 11c. They are disposed in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the process cartridge B, with intervals of approximately 5 mm, on the exterior surface., which becomes the bottom portion when the process cartridge B is assembled. When grasping the process cartridge B, the operator uses both hands holding onto the recessed portion 17 and ribs 11c. In this case, the ribs 11c prevent the hands from slipping when grasping the process cartridge B. The top and bottom frames 11a and 11b are joined at a welding surface U, and the welding rib is melted by forced vibration, welding the frames 11a and 11b together. The methods for joining two frames are not limited to the forced vibration method. For example, they may be welded using heat welding, ultrasonic welding, or the like, or may be simply glued. Before joining two frames 11a and 11b, the stirring member 9b is assembled into the top frame 11a, and then a coupling member 11e is put through a hole 11e1, and engaged to the end portion of the stirring member 9b (state illustrated in FIG. 29). The hole 11e1 is located at one of the longitudinal ends of the top frame 11a. On the same side as this hole 11e1, a toner filling opening 11d for filling the toner is located. The diameter of this toner filling opening 11d is approximately 30 mm. In other words, the hole 11e1 and toner filling opening 11d are located next to each other. The toner frame 11 is provided with an opening 11i for feeding the toner from the toner frame 11 to the developing frame 12, and a seal, which will be described later, is welded to cover this opening 11i. After the seal is welded, the toner is filled through the toner filling opening 11d, and then the toner filling opening 11d is covered with a toner cap 11f, completing a toner unit J. The toner cap 11f is formed of soft material such as polyethylene or polypropylene, and is pressed Into the toner filling opening 11d of the toner frame 11 so that it does not come off. Next, the toner unit J is joined with the developing frame 12, which will be described later, using ultrasonic welding, constituting a part of a completed developing unit D. The joining methods are not limited to ultrasonic welding. They may be glued together, or may be snapfitted using the elasticity of their materials.

Referring to FIG. 3, the angle .theta. of a slanted surface K, constituting a part of the bottom frame 11b of the toner frame 11, must be such an angle that the toner located in the deeper end of the toner chamber slides down, naturally and continuously, in response to toner consumption. More specifically, the angle .theta. is the angle formed between the slanted surface K of the process cartridge B and the horizontal surface Z, with the apparatus main assembly 14 being leveled. The preferable value for the angle .theta. is approximately 60 degrees. When rotating, the stirring member 9b reaches beyond the plane of the slanted surface K. Therefore, the bottom frame 11b is provided with a recessed portion 11g to afford a clearance for the rotating stirring member 9b; it bulges outward. The rotational diameter of the stirring member 9b is approximately 30 mm. (According to this embodiment, the bottom surface of the bottom frame 11b dips approximately 3.6 mm. The depth of this recessed portion has only to be approximately 2.0 mm to 10 mm.) The reason for this arrangement is as follows. If the sweeping area of the stirring member 9b is above the slanted surface K, it is possible that the toner settling between the tip of the toner feeding (stirring) member 9b and the slanted surface K is not fed into the developing frame 12, being left unused. However, in this embodiment, the toner is reliably fed from the toner frame 11 into the developing frame 12.

Referring to FIG. 29, the stirring member 9b is formed of a rod of steel or the like material, having a diameter of approximately 3 mm and being in the form of a rectangular frame to improve toner stirring/feeding performance. Each of the opposing longitudinal ends of the stirring member 9b is provided with a supporting axis 9bl. The supporting axis 9b1 on one end is fitted in a hole 11r, which is located on the internal surface of the top frame 11a, adjacent to the opening 11i of the top frame 11a, and the supporting member 9b1 on the other end is fixed to the coupling member 11e.

As described above, the toner frame 11 is constituted of two members, that is, the top and bottom frames 11a and 11b, and the bottom wall of the bottom frame 11b is provided with the recessed portion 11g to afford a clearance for the toner feeding member 9b; therefore, it is possible to provide even a large capacity process cartridge with reliable toner feeding performance, without increasing cost.

The foregoing can be summarized as follows.

The toner frame (toner container) 11 constitutes a part of a replaceable process cartridge for an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, which comprises an electrophotographic photosensitive member (7, 7e), and developing means 9 for developing the latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive member. It stores the toner used in the developing means 9 for developing the latent image, and comprises the top frame 11a, and the bottom frame 11b which is joined with the top frame 11a. The top frame 11a comprises the opening 11i for supplying the stored toner to the developing means 9, and a stirring member mount 9b1 (FIG. 29) where the stirring member 9b for stirring the stored toner is rotatively mounted. The bottom frame 11b is provided with the recessed portion 11g (as seen from within), that is, a bulge (as seen from outside), to afford the clearance for the sweeping area of the stirring member 9b. Further, the top frame 11a is provided with the welding surface U (joining surface) where the bottom frame 11b is welded (FIG. 29, 33 and 36). The angle of this welding surface, that is, the angle which is formed between this welding surface and the horizontal line 12 when the shorter edge of the rectangular opening 11i (FIG. 29) is vertically oriented, is approximately 20 to 40 degrees. Further, the top frame 11a is provided with the hole 11e1 (transmission opening), through which the coupling member 11e (transmission member) for transmitting the driving force from the apparatus main assembly to the stirring member 9b, when the process cartridge is in the image forming apparatus, is put. One end of the coupling member 11e is engaged with the stirring member 9b, and the other end is engaged with the toner feeding gear 9s to receive the driving force. The stirring member 9b is formed of a metallic rod, and is in the form of a rectangular frame. Further, the top frame 11a is provided with the toner filling opening 11d (filling opening), which is disposed next to the hole 11e1 (FIG. 29). It is to this toner filling opening 11d that the toner cap 11f for sealing the toner filling opening 11d is attached. Further, the top frame 11a is provided with a groove 11n which extends in parallel to the plane of the opening 11i. This groove 11n is where the developing frame 12, in which the developing roller 9c of the developing means 9 is mounted, is joined. Further, the top frame 11a is provided with a cover film plate 53 (seal mount) where a cover film 51 for sealing the opening 11i and a tear tape 52 (toner seal) for unsealing the opening 11i are attached. The cover film plate 53 is also in parallel to the plane of the opening 11i. Further, the top frame 11a is provided with the handhold (recessed portion) 17, which is where the longitudinal end surfaces of the process cartridge are indented to offer the handhold. The recessed portion 11g (bulge) of the bottom frame 11b is in the form of a longitudinally sliced cylinder, having an arc shaped cross section. It is disposed close to the opening 11i, relative to the widthwise direction of the bottom frame 11b, and extends in the longitudinal direction of the opening 11i, along substantially the entire length the opening 11i. Further, the top frame 11a is provided with a slanted surface L. The angle of the slanted surface L, that is, the angle which is formed between this slanted surface L and the vertical line when the shorter edge of the opening 11i is vertically oriented, is approximately 10 to 40 degrees (FIG. 36). This slanted surface L is located above the opening 11i, sloping down toward the opening 11i and extending in parallel to the longitudinal direction of the opening 11i, along substantially the entire length of the opening 11i.

The toner frame (toner container) 11 is assembled in the following manner. First, the top frame 11a, which is provided with the opening 11i for supplying the stored toner into the developing means 9, and the stirring member mount 9b1 where the stirring member 9b is mounted, is prepared. Next, the bottom frame 11, which is provided with the recessed portion 11g bulging outward to afford the clearance to the sweeping area of the stirring member 9b, is prepared. Finally, the two frames, 11a and 11b, are joined to complete the toner frame (toner container) 11.

It is predictable that the toner within the toner frame 11 will move suddenly due to vibration, impact, or the like, during the shipment of the process cartridge B from the factory to the user.

Therefore, according to the present invention, plural partitioning plates 11p are provided within the top frame 11a of the toner frame 11.

They are arranged in the longitudinal direction of the top frame 11a (FIGS. 3, 32 and 33). In this embodiment, three partitioning plates 11p are disposed at three different locations. As for the configuration of the partitioning plate 11p, the edge 11p1 facing the toner feeding member 9b forms a substantial quadrant in such a manner as to surround the toner feeding member 9b, and the edge 11p2 facing the bottom frame 11b holds a slight gap therefrom. Further, as seen from the longitudinal direction of the top frame 11a, the edge 11p1 is positioned so that the partitioning plate 11p partially blocks the toner filling opening 11d.

In order to prevent the toner from shifting within the toner container 11A, the partitioning plate 11p should be as large as possible. However, when the toner filling opening lid is faced upward to fill the toner, the partitioning plate 11p is situated directly below the toner filling opening 11d, and if the partitioning plate 11p blocks the toner filling opening 11d entirely, it is difficult to fill the toner into the deepest corner of the toner container 11A. Therefore, the partitioning plate 11p should be formed as it is in this embodiment, so that the toner can be filled all the way into the deepest corner through the space which is not blocked by the partitioning plate 11d. Further, according to the present invention, the partitioning plate 11p occupies a substantial part of the cross-sectional area perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the toner frame 11; therefore, even when the process cartridge B is subjected to vibration, impact, or the like, the partitioning plate 11p can prevent the toner from shifting and becoming compacted.

›Toner Frame Structure Facing Developing Frame!

Referring to FIG. 3, 29 and 31, at the joint between the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12, the opening 11i for feeding the toner from the toner frame 11 into the developing frame 12 is provided. The opening 11i is surrounded by a recessed surface 11k, on which the cover film plate 53 is thermally welded. The depth of this recessed surface 11k is such that after the cover film plate 53 is welded to the recessed surface 11, the outward facing surface of the cover film plate 53 becomes substantially level with the surface 11j of the toner frame 11 (top frame 11a). On the recessed surface 11k, plural dowels 11m are disposed in a straight line along one of the longitudinal edges of the opening 11i (in this embodiment, five dowels 11m are disposed at five different locations). Also, two dowels 11o are disposed on the surface 11J along one of the widthwise edges of opening 11i; these two dowels 11o are not on the recessed surface 11k. Further, along each of the longitudinal external edges of the surface 11j, a groove 11n is disposed in parallel to the one on the opposing side. The bottom surface 11n2 of this groove 11n is above the level of the surface 11j (closer to the developing frame 11 than the surface 11e) (FIG. 31).

The surface of the developing frame 12, which comes directly in contact with the surface of the toner frame 11, is a surface 12u. Along each of the longitudinal edges of this surface 12u, a tongue 12v, which fits into the groove 11n of the toner frame 11, is provided. At the end surface of this tongue 12v, an angular ridge 12v1, used for ultrasonic welding, is provided (FIG. 31); the angular ridge 12 is melted by ultrasonic welding to weld the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12, along their longitudinal external edges.

Referring to FIG. 30, the cover film plate 53, which is loosely fitted onto the recessed surface 11k of the toner frame 11, is provided with holes 53c, which corresponding to the plural dowels 11m. The holes 53c1, which exactly fit to the corresponding end dowels 11m1, are round, and the holes 53c other than the round holes 53c1 are elongated so as to be loosely fitted to the corresponding dowels the other than the end dowels 11m1. More specifically, the positional relationship between the dowels 11m and hole 53c is such that when the dowels 11m1 and 11m are fitted in the corresponding holes 53c1 and 53c, the dowel 11m is positioned at the middle of the elongated holes 53c in the longitudinal direction of the elongated holes 53c. Further, the cover film plate 53 is provided with an opening 53b (having approximately the same size as the opening 11i), which corresponds to the opening 11i. In order to seal this opening 53b, a cover film 51, which can be easily torn in the longitudinal direction, is pasted on the cover film plate 53; the four peripheral areas of the cover film 51 are pasted on corresponding four peripheral areas of the opening 53b. On the cover film 51, the tear tape 52 for tearing the cover film 51 to unseal the opening 53b is welded. The tear tape 52 is extended from one of the longitudinal ends of the opening 53b to the other end, where it is doubled back and put through the starting end, between the toner frame 11 and an elastic seal member 54 (FIG. 27), such as a piece of felt, which is pasted on the flat developing frame surface 12u, directly facing the toner frame 11, at the starting end. The doubled back end of the tear tape 52 is exposed from between the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 (FIGS. 6 and 30). On the inward side surface of the seal member 54, a synthetic resin film tape 55 with a small friction coefficient is pasted. Also on the flat surface 12u, an elastic seal member 56 is pasted at the longitudinal end opposite from where the seal member 54 is pasted (FIG. 27).

In order to make it easier to align the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 when joining two frames 11 and 12, the surface 11j of the toner frame 11 is provided with a round hole 11r and a square hole 11q, which engage with a cylindrical dowel 12w1 and square column dowel 12w2, respectively, provided on the developing frame 12; the round hole 11r engages with the dowel 12w1, and the square hole 11q loosely engages with the dowel 12w2. The seal member 56 is fitted around the cylindrical dowel 12w1, and also is glued to the flat surface 12u. Further, in the flat surface 12uof the developing frame 12, which directly comes in contact with the toner frame 11, recessed portions 12y are provided, in which the dowels 11m and 11o of the toner frame 11 loosely fit.

Before the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 are joined, each frame is independently assembled as a subcomponent. Thereafter, the cylincrical positioning dowel 12w1 and square column positioning dowel 12w2 of the developing frame 12 are fitted into the round positioning hole 11r and square positioning hole 11q of the toner frame 11, respectively. Also, the tongue 12vof the developing frame 12 is fitted into the groove 11n of the toner frame 11. Then, as the toner frame and developing frame 12 are pressed together, the seal members 54 and 56 are compressed, and ridges 12z, which are integrally formed as spacers with the developing 5 frame, at each of the longitudinal ends, approach the surface of the toner frame 11. The ridges 12z are aligned in the widthwise direction of the developing frame 12, with an interval substantially equal to the width of the tear tape 52, to allow the tear tape 52 to be put through. With the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 being pressed together as described above, ultrasonic vibration is applied between the tongue 12vand groove 11n, whereby the angular ridge 12v1 is melted and welded to the bottom of the groove 11n by the frictional heat. As a result, the edges 11n1 of the grooves 11n of the toner frame 11, and the ridges 12z, as the spacers, of the developing frame 12, firmly contact their counterparts, sealing the entire joint between the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12, except for the gap left between the surface 11j of the toner frame 11 and the flat surface 12u of the developing frame 12. The cover film 51 and tear tape 52 are confined in this gap.

In order to feed the toner stored in the toner frame 11 into the developing frame 12, the operator has only to pull the end portion 52a (FIG. 6) of the tear tape 52, which is exposed from the process cartridge B, by hand. As the tear tape 52 is pulled, the cover film 51 is torn open to unseal the opening 53b (11i), allowing the toner to be fed from the toner frame 11 into the developing frame 12.

Since the joining portions of the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 are structured as described in the foregoing, that is since the surface of the cover film plate 53 and the surface 11j of the toner frame 11 are substantially at the same level, the tear tape 52 can be smoothly pulled out from between the two frames 11 and 12 by applying to the tear tape 52 a sufficient amount of force for tearing the cover film 51 as described above. The cover film plate 53 is located by the dowel 11m1 at one of its longitudinal ends, that is, the end opposite to where the tear tape 52 is pulled out, and in addition, it is disposed on the recessed surface 11k of the toner frame 11; therefore, it is not liable to be dislocated. Further, the dowels 11m are aligned in a straight line in the longitudinal direction, and the cover film plate 53 is fitted to these dowels 11m; therefore, even the easily deformable cover film 51 can be precisely located to allow it to remain flat. Further, even if the assembly process moves on to the subsequent steps before the welded joint between the cover film plate 53 and toner frame 11 is solidified and stabilized, the cover film plate 53 is not dislocated.

When the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 are joined using the ultrasonic welding method, frictional heat is generated to melt the angular ridge 12v1. This frictional heat is liable to cause thermal stress in the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12, which might result in the thermal deformation of the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 However, 10 according to this embodiment, the groove 11n of the toner frame 11 and the tongue 12v of the developing frame 12 are engaged across substantially the full length in the longitudinal direction. In other words, the joint portions between the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 are reinforced as frames 11 and 12 are joined; therefore, the thermal deformation due to the thermal stress is not likely to occur.

As described above, the grooves 11n, handholds (recessed portions) 17, partitioning plates 11p, toner filling opening 11d, hole 11e1, round hole 11r, square hole 11q, and cover film plate mount (recessed surface 11k, dowels 11m and opening 11i), of the top frame 11a are integrally formed with the top frame 11a. Also, the ribs 11c and recessed portion 11g, of the bottom frame 1b are integrally formed with the bottom frame 11b. The material for the top and bottom frames 11a and 11b is a elastic material, for example, polyethylene, ABS resin (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer), polycarbonate, polyethylene, and polypropylene.

FIG. 36 is a side view of the toner frame 11 used in this embodiment; the surface 11j of the toner frame 11, which is joined with the developing frame 12, is vertically oriented.

The toner frame 11 employed in this embodiment is provided with two slanted surfaces K and L, which allow the toner (single component toner) stored in the storage portion 11A to efficiently descend toward the opening 11i. Both slanted surfaces K and L extend across the entire longitudinal length of the toner frame 11. The slanted surface L is located above the opening 11i, and the slanted surface K is located immediately behind the opening 11i (being slanted in the widthwise direction of the toner frame 11). The slanted surface L belongs to the top frame 11a, and the slanted surface K is formed as a part of the structure of the bottom frame 11b. The angle 92 of the slanted surface L relative to a vertical line 11 (joining surface 11j) is approximately 10 degrees to 40 degrees (in this embodiment, .theta.2 is set at 24 degrees). The angle .theta.3 of the slanted surface K, relative to the horizontal plane 12, perpendicular to the vertical line 11, is approximately 20 to 40 degrees (in this embodiment, .theta.3 is set at approximately 27 degrees). In other words, the configuration of the top frame 11a in this embodiment is regulated so that when the bottom frame 11b is joined with the top frame 11a, the joined bottom frame 11b holds the aforementioned angle. Therefore, even if the toner storage portion 11A is such a toner storage portion that contains a large amount (for example, no less than 800 g), the toner can be efficiently fed toward the opening 11i.

Next, the developing frame will be further described in detail.

›Developing Frame!

The developing frame will be described with reference to FIGS. 3, 26, 27 and 28. FIGS. 26 is an exploded perspective view of the developing frame 12, illustrating how the components are assembled; FIG. 27, a perspective view of the developing frame 12 and toner stirring member 9e and 9f, as seen from the direction of the surface to be welded, illustrating how the stirring members 9e and 9f are assembled into the frame 12; and FIG. 28 is a perspective view of the developing unit without the developing frame holder.

As described above, the developing roller 9c, developing blade 9 d, toner stirring members 9e and 9f, and antenna rod 9h for detecting the amount of the remaining toner, are assembled into the developing frame 12.

The developing blade 9d comprises a 1-2 mm thick metallic plate 9d1, and a urethane rubber blade 9d2 fixed to the metallic plate 9d2 by means of hot melting, double-side adhesive tape, or the like. It regulates the amount of toner coated on the peripheral surface of the developing roller 9c. The flatness of a blade accommodating flat surface 12i, as a blade mount, provided on the developing frame 12 is regulated; it is approximately 0.05 mm. This flat surface 12i is provided with dowels 12i1 and screw holes 12i2. The dowels 12i1 are fitted into the holes 9d3 provided on the metallic plate 9d1. Thereafter, the metallic plate 9d1 is screwed onto the flat surface 12i, using the screw holes 9dr provided on the metallic plate 9d1, and the screw holes 12i2. Also on the developing frame 12, an elastic seal member 12s formed of MOLTPLANE or the like is pasted to prevent toner invasion. It is disposed above the metallic plate 9d1, extending in the longitudinal direction thereof In addition, an elastic seal member 12s1 is pasted on the developing member, at each of the longitudinal ends, covering from both ends of the elastic seal member 12s to a round surface 12j, which follows the contour developing roller 9c. Further, on the mandible-like portion 12h, a thin elastic seal member 12s2 is pasted. This elastic seal member 12s2 contracts the generatrix of the developing roller 9c.

One 9d1a of the longitudinal ends of the developing blade 9d is bent by approximately 90 degrees. This bent portion 9d1a equalizes the voltages of the metallic plate 9d1 and developing roller 9c by contacting a development bias contact point 121 (FIG. 23(a) and 23(b)), supported on a developing frame holder 40 which will be described later. This arrangement is made because the amount of the toner is detected on the basis of the change in the capacitance between the antenna rod 9h for detecting the amount of the remaining toner, and the developing roller 9c, and this capacitance must be prevented from irregularly changing due to the influence of the metallic plate 9d1.

Next, a developing roller unit G will be described. The developing roller unit G comprises: (1) developing roller 9c; (2) spacer roller 9i for keeping constant the distance between the peripheral surface of the developing roller 9c and the peripheral surface of the photosensitive drum 7; (3) developing roller bearing 9j for locating the developing roller 9c on the developing frame 12; (4) sleeve cap 9o which is placed on both ends of the developing roller 9c so that leakage does not occur between the aluminum cylindrical portion of the photosensitive drum 7 and the aluminum cylindrical portion of the developing roller 9c; (5) developing roller gear 9k (helical gear) which rotates the developing roller 9c as it receives the driving force from the helical gear 7b mounted on the photosensitive drum 7; (6) coil spring contact point 91, one end of which is in engagement with the developing roller gear 9k mounted at one end of the developing roller gear 9k; and (7) magnet 9g which is contained in the developing roller 9c to adhere the toner to the peripheral surface of the developing roller 9c. This developing unit G is attached to the developing roller mount 12X of the developing frame 12 in the following manner. First, a hole 9j1 provided on each of the developing roller bearings 9j is aligned with the hole 12p provided at each of the longitudinal ends of the developing frame 12, and a pin provided on the development holder 40, which will be described later, is inserted through the holes 9j1 and 12d. Then the developing frame holder 40 is fixed to the developing frame 12 using screws.

As described above, in this embodiment, when the developing roller 9c is mounted on the developing frame 12, the developing roller unit G is assembled first. Then, the assembled developing roller unit G is mounted on the developing frame 12 with the use of developing frame holder 40. By going through these steps, assembly efficiency is improved compared to the case in which the developing roller 9c along is directly mounted on the developing frame 12.

The developing roller unit G is assembled through the following steps. To begin with, each end of the developing roller 9c is covered with the sleeve cap 9o. Next, the spacer roller 9i is mounted at each end of the developing roller 9c; the spacer roller 9i is placed on the outward side of the sleeve cap 9o. Then, the developing roller bearing 9j is mounted on the outward side of the spacer roller 9i. Next, the developing roller gear 9k is mounted at one of the longitudinal ends of the developing roller 9c, on the outward side of the bearing 9j, and the coil spring contact point 91 is mounted on the further outward side. At this point in the assembly, one end 9g1 of magnet 9g, which has a D-shaped cross section, projects from one end of the developing roller 9c, that is, the end where the developing roller gear 9k is mounted, and the other end of the magnet 9g, which is cylindrical, projects from the other end of the developing roller 9c. This is the way developing roller unit G is assembled.

Next, the antenna rod 9h for detecting the amount of the remaining toner will be described. One end of the antenna rod 9h is U-shaped. This U-shaped portion 9h1 is placed in contact with, being thereby electrically connected to, the toner detection contact point 122 mounted on the developing frame holder 40 which will be described later. This antenna rod 9h is attached to the developing frame 12 in the following manner. First, the end portion 9h3 of the antenna rod 9h is inserted into the developing frame 12 through a through hole 12b, provided on the side plate 12A of the developing frame 12. Then, the inserted end portion 9h3 is put through a through hole 12k provided on the other side plate of the developing frame 12, being supported thereby. In other words, the antenna rod 9h is located and supported by the through holes 12b and 12k. In the through hole 12b, a seal member (unillustrated) formed of felt, sponge, or the like, is inserted to prevent toner invasion.

Further, the tip portion 9h2 of the U-shaped portion 9h1 is inserted into an approximately 5 mm deep hole 12o of the developing frame 12 to locate the antenna rod 9h in the axial direction. Also, this arrangement improves the rigidity of the U-shaped portion 9h1 as the contact point which contacts the toner detection contact point 122 which will be described later. The through hole 12k, into which the end portion 9h3 of the antenna rod 9h has been inserted, is plugged from outside using thermal welding or the like method, so that toner invasion can be prevented. Next, the toner stirring members 9e and 9f will be described. The toner stirring members 9e and 9f are shaped like a crank, and stir the toner as they rotate. They are disposed near the developing roller 9c and antenna rod 9h, across the toner path which the toner having been stored in the toner container 11A passes as it is fed toward the developing roller 9c. The toner stirring members 9e and 9f are fixed perpendicular to each other.

In assembling the toner stirring members 9e and 9f onto the developing frame 12, to begin with, the end portions 9e3 and 9f3 of the toner stirring members 9e and 9f, respectively, are inserted through corresponding through holes 12t and 12r provided on the side plate 12A of the developing frame 12, which is on the same side as the one through which the antenna rod 9h is inserted. Then, the end portions 9e3 and 9f3 are inserted into corresponding through holes 12m and 12n, provided on the side plate 12B, which is the opposite side plate of the side plate 12A. Thereafter, each of the through holes 12m and 12n are plugged from outside by the thermal welding method, as are the through holes 12k for the antenna rod 9h After the stirring members 9e and 9f are inserted into the developing frame 12 as described above, stirring gears 9m and 9n are fitted into the through holes 12t and 12r. At this time, notches 9m1 and 9n1, which are cut in the axial direction at the end portions of the gears 9m and 9n, respectively, are engaged with the crank arms 9e2 and 9f2 of the toner stirring members 9e and 9f, respectively. Further, the journals 9e1 and 9f1 of the stirring members 9e and 9f are fitted into center holes (unillustrated) provided at the deeper ends of the notches 9m1 and 9n1 of the gear 9m and 9n, respectively, supporting thereby the toner stirring members 9e and 9f on the developing frame 12.

When the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 are joined, the side plate 12A of the developing frame 12, which is located on the side from which the antenna rod 9h and toner stirring members 9e and 9f are inserted, overlaps the side plate of the toner frame 11, covering the toner cap 11f provided on the top frame 11a of the toner frame 11. Also, on the side plate 12A, a hole 12x is provided, in which a toner feeding gear 9s (FIG. 28) for transmitting the driving force to the toner feeding member 9b is rotatively fitted. The toner feeding gear 9s is linked with the coupling member 11e (FIGS. 29 and 30), which is rotatively supported by the toner frame 11a and is engaged with the end portion of the toner feeding member 9b, whereby the driving force is transmitted to the toner feeding member 9b.

Next, how the driving force is transmitted will be described.

Referring to FIGS. 28 and 35, the stirring gears 9m and 9n, and the toner feeding gear 9s, receive the driving force from the developing roller gear 9k. More specifically, to begin with the stirring gear 9m receives the driving force through a small gear 9g1 of an idler gear 9q as a stepped gear. Receiving this driving force, the stirring member 9e rotates. The idler gear 9g receives the driving force from the developing roller gear 9k since the large gear 9g3 of the idler gear 9g meshes with the developing roller gear 9k. The received driving force is transmitted from the middle gear 9g2 of the idler gear 9g to an idler gear 9r as a stepped gear. Then, the driving force is further transmitted from the small gear 9r1 of the idler gear 9r to the toner feeding gear 9s, rotating thereby the stirring member 9b (through the coupling member 11e). Further, the driving force is transmitted from the toner feeding gear 9s to the stirring gear 9n by way of an idler gear 9t to rotate the stirring member 9f. It should be noted here that all the idler gears, 9q, 9r and 9t, are rotatively mounted on corresponding dowels, 12e 12f and 12g, which are integrally formed with the developing frame 12. These dowels 12e, 12f and 12g are approximately 2 mm to 3 mm in diameter, and their end portions are supported by the developing frame holder 40 which will be described later; therefore, the dowels 12e, 12f and 12g do not deform due to the load.

Further, the rigidity of dowels 12e, 12f or 12g is increased by padding or stepping their base portions, or the like means.

The gear train described above is disposed on the same side surface as the previously described U-shaped portion 9h1 of the anttena 9h.

With the adoption of the above structure, a single member (in this embodiment, the developing frame holder 40) can support the gears constituting the gear train, and establish an electrical connection for the toner remaining detecting contact point. In addition, all of the toner stirring members 9e and 9f, antenna rod 9h, gears 9o, 9r, 9s and 9t constituting the gear train, and stirring gears 9m and 9n, can be assembled into the developing frame 12 from the same side relative to the longitudinal direction of the developing frame 12. Therefore, assembly efficiency can be greatly improved.

The mandible-like portion 12h of the developing frame 12 doubles as a conveying guide for the recording medium 2, such as recording paper. In order to increase the rigidity, the developing frame 12 may be formed using the blow molding method.

Referring to FIG. 27, a reference numeral 12P designates an opening which extends in the longitudinal direction of the developing frame 12. As the toner frame 11 and developing frame 12 are joined, this opening 12P aligns with the opening 11i of the toner frame 11, allowing the toner stored in the toner frame 11 to be supplied to the developing roller 9c. The aforementioned stirring members 9e and 9f, and antenna rod 9h, are mounted across the entire longitudinal length of this opening 12P.

Further, according to this embodiment, the developing frame 12 comprising the developing roller mount 12X, side plate 12A, developing blade mount (blade accommodating flat surface 12i), antenna rod 9h mount (through holes 12b, 12k and 12o), stirring member mount (through holes 12t, 12r, 12m and 12n), gear mount (dowels 12e, 12f and 12g), and the like, is integrally formed with these portions. The material for the developing frame 12 is the same as the aforementioned material for the toner frame 11.

›Developing frame holder 40!

Next, the developing frame holder 40 will be described.

Referring to FIGS. 4-9 and FIGS. 23-25, a description will be provided as to the developing frame holder 40. FIG. 23(a) is a perspective view of the developing frame holder, which is mounted on the driving side, as seen from the outside of the developing frame 12; FIG. 23(a) is a perspective view of the same as seen from inside; FIG. 24 is an enlarged sectional view of the FIG. 3(b) at (I)--(I) line; and FIG. 25 is an enlarged perspective view of the toner detecting contact point.

The developing unit D is completed by attaching the development holders 40 and 41 at the corresponding lateral ends of the developing frame assembly, having been finished up to the stage illustrated in FIG. 28. In this case, the developing roller unit G is mounted in the following manner. First, one of two pins 40d provided at different locations of the developing frame holder is engaged with the hole 9j 1 of the aforementioned developing roller bearing, and the other pin 40d is engaged with the hole 12p of the developing frame 12. Next, the developing frame holders 40 and 41 are fixed to the developing frame 12 with screws, in such a manner that the developing roller bearings 9j are sandwiched between the corresponding developing frame holders 40 and 41, and the developing frame 12. At this time, the screws are put through the corresponding holes 401 of the holders 40 and 41. Next, one end 9g1 of the magnet 9g (FIGS. 3 and 28) contained in the developing roller 9c is engaged with a D-shaped hole 40e provided on the developing frame holder 40, and the other end 9g2 is engaged with a hole (unillustrated) provided on the developing frame holder 41, whereby the position of the magnet 9g in the longitudinal direction is fixed. The angles of the magnetic poles of the magnet 9g are determined as the end portion 9g1, having the aforementioned D-shaped section, is engaged with the D-shaped hole 40e of the developing frame holder 40.

Next, rotational shafts 20, which are integrally formed with the developing frame holders 40 and 41 and project therefrom, are placed into recessed portions 21 (FIG. 9(b)) of the cleaning frame, and covered with connector members 22 (FIG. 7), whereby the developing unit D is rotatively supported on the cleaning frame 13 which supports the photosensitive drum 7, and in addition, the compression spring 22a attached to the connector members 22 is compressed against the spring seats 40h of the developing frame holders 40 and 41, stabilizing the distance between the photosensitive drum 7 and developing roller 9c (preventing the distance from widening).

As already described, the long guide 12a is disposed on the external surfaces of the developing frame holders 40 and 41. In addition, the metallic plate toner detecting contact point 122 for detecting the amount of the remaining toner, and the developing bias contact point 121, are fitted on the developing frame holder 40; these contact points 121 and 122 are fixed to the developing frame holder 40 as the dowels provided on the internal surface of the developing frame holder 40 are forced into the locking hole of the contact points.

To begin with, how the toner detection contact point 122 is attached will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 24 is a sectional view of FIG. 23(b), at the (I)--(I) line, and FIG. 25 is an enlarged view of the toner detection contact point illustrated in FIG. 23(b) and the adjacencies thereof. The toner detection contact point 122 has an external contact point portion 122a and an internal contact portion 122b. The external contact point portion 122a is disposed on the external surface of the holder 40, and when the process cartridge B is in the apparatus main assembly 14, It contacts a toner detection contact point member 126 provided on the apparatus main assembly 14. The internal contact point portion 122b presses on the U-shaped portion 9h1 of the antenna rod 9h. Referring to FIG. 24, the external contact point portion 122a is at substantially the same level as the side plate 40a of developing frame holder 40. The internal contact point portion 122b is disposed within the developing frame holder 40, opposing the antenna rod 9h.

Referring to FIG. 25, the toner detection contact point 122 is mounted on the developing frame holder 40, with its locking flap 122c1 cut out of the mounting base 122c being fitted around the dowel 40h which projects inwardly from the side plate 40a, and the mounting base 122c being in contact with the side plate 40a. Further, from the mounting base 122c, an angled portion 122d is extended at an angle, and from the angled portion 122d, the internal contact point 122b is extended at an angle, so that the internal contact point 122b becomes parallel to the side plate 40a. Further, a connective portion 122e, which is bent outward at 90 degrees from the mounting base 122c, projects outward along one of the edges of the first rectangular hole 40c formed in the side plate 40a. Then, the connective portion 122e is bent at 90 degrees in the direction opposite to the direction in which the connective portion 122e is already bent, constituting the external contact point portion 122a. The external contact point portion 122a is in contact with the bottom surface of a recessed portion 40i formed in the side plate 40a. The depth of this recessed portion 40i is substantially the same as the thickness of the external contact point portion 122a (FIG. 24). Therefore, the outward facing surface of the external contact point portion 122a, and the outward facing surface 40a1 of the side plate 40, are at substantially the same level. Further, the and portion of the external contact point portion 122a is put through the second rectangular hole 40j formed in the side plate 40a, reaching the interior of the side wall 40a, with an end fixing portion 122f being engaged with a dowel 40k projecting from one of the walls of the second rectangular hole 40j. This is the way that toner detection contact point is mounted on the developing frame holder 40.

Referring to FIG. 24, a width L2 of the first hole 40c, of the side plate 40a, is greater than a distance L1 between the side wall facing surface of the mounting base 122c of the toner detection contact point 122 and the outwardly facing surface of the external contact point portion 122a, and is also greater than the height of the end fixing portion 122f. Further, a gap large enough to allow the end fixing portion 122f of the toner detection contact point 122 to be passed through is provided between the end surface of the dowel 40k within the second hole 40j and the opposing surface of the second hole.

The toner detection contact point 122 is mounted in the following manner. First, the end fixing portion 122f is inserted into the first hole 40c, from the inside of the developing frame holder 40. Then, the end fixing portion 122f is inserted into the second hole 40j by rotating the toner detection contact point 122 in the clockwise direction of FIG. 24. Subsequently, the hole 122c of the mounting base 122c is engaged with the dowel 40k. On the other hand, the end fixing portion 122f rides over the dowel 40k due to its own elasticity, and the hole of the end fixing portion 122f engages with the dowel 40k.

The developing bias contact point 121 will be described.

The developing bias contact point 121 comprises a plate spring portion 121a located within the developing frame holder 40; an internal contact point portion 121b; and an external contact point portion 121c located on the outwardly facing surface 40a1. As the developing frame holder 40 is attached to the developing frame 12, the plate spring portion 121a elastically contacts the bent portion 9d1a of the metal plate substantially equal to the potential of the developing roller 9c. The internal contact point portion 121b is fitted around a boss 40f provided with the aforementioned hole 40e, being elastically in contact with the coil spring contact point 91 which is fitted around the 40f (contact pressure is approximately 100 g to 300 g). The frictional area of the internal contact point portion 121b may be coated with electrically conductive grease if desired. The external contact point portion 121c is disposed in the recessed portion of the side plate 40a, and its external surface outwardly facing surface 40a1 of the developing frame holder 40. When the process cartridge B is in the apparatus main assembly 14 external contact point portion 121c is in contact with a developing frame contact point member 125 provided in the apparatus main assembly 14, and receives the developing bias to be applied from the apparatus main assembly 14 to the developing roller 9c. The developing bias received from the apparatus main assembly 14 is applied to the developing roller 9c through the developing bias contact point 121 and coil spring contact point 91.

As the developing frame holder 40 is attached to the developing frame 12, the internal contact point portin 122b in the form of a plate spring comes in contact with the U-shaped portion 9h1 of the antenna rod 9h illustrated in FIG. 28; therefore, the toner detection contact point 122 is electrically connected to the antenna rod 9h. The contact pressure between the antenna rod 9h and internal contact point portion 122b is approximately 100 g. When the process cartridge B is in the apparatus main assembly 14, the external contact point portion 122a provided on the outwardly facing surface 40a1 of the developing frame holder 40 is electrically connected to the contact point member 126 provided in the apparatus main assembly 14. Therefore, an electrical signal, corresponding to the capacitance, which changes in response to the change in the amount of toner between the developing roller 9c and antenna rod 9h, is transmitted to the developing frame 12 through the antenna rod 9h, and toner detection contact point 122. As the control section (not shown) detects that the electric signal transmitted to the contact point member 126 has reached a predetermined value, it signals a need for process cartridge exchange. Three engagement holes 40g provided in the internal surface of the developing frame holder 40 are engaged with the corresponding end portions of the dowels 12e, 12f and 12g which serve as the gear shafts for the gears 9q, 9r and 9the illustrated in FIG. 35. In other words, the dowels 12e, 12f and 12g are supported by the developing frame holder 40 and the developing frame 12, coming between the two. The engagement hole 40m provided in the internal surface of the developing frame holder 40, rotatable supports the stirring gear 9m.

As is evident from the foregoing description, the fact that various functions are assigned to a single component (developing frame holder) leads to improvement in assembling efficiency, and also, cost reduction.

Further, according to this embodiment, developing frame holder 40 comprises the rotatable shaft 20, spring seat 40b, long guide 12a, engagement hole (hole 40a) for magnet 9g, mount (boss 40f and the like) for the developing bias contact point 121, mount (dowel 40h, first hole 40c), developing frame holder 40 (dowel 40k and the like) for the toner detection contact point 122, engagement hole 40m, pin 40d, screw hole 40l, and the like, and these portions are integrally formed with the developing frame holder 40. The developing frame holder 41 comprises the rotatable shaft 20, spring seat 40b, long guide 12a, and the like, and these portions are integrally formed with the developing frame holder 41. Each of the developing frame holders 40 and 41 is formed, as a single piece component of acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer resin (containing glass filler by 20%).

The positions of the developing frame holders 40 and 41 are fixed as the pins 40d of the developing frame holders 40 and 40 are inserted into the corresponding holes 12p of the developing frame 12. Then, the developing frame holders 40 and 41 are fixed to the developing frame 12 with the use of screws put through the screw holes 40l (developing frame holders 40 and 41), and screw holders 12r1 (developing frame 12).

›Structure of Bottom Surface of Cleaning Frame!

The developing frame 12 and cleaning frame 13 are provided with guide ribs 12l and 13m, which project from the bottom surfaces thereof, respectively, extending in parallel in the moving direction of the recording medium or material 2. Both guide ribs 12l and 13m are arranged in such a manner that the outermost ribs 12l and 13m fall within the path of the widest piece of recording medium 2 by a small margin. In this embodiment, the outermost ribs are located approximately 5 mm inwardly from the edges of the path of the widest piece of recording medium 2. The remainder of the ribs are spread between the outermost ribs to facilitate conveyance of the recording medium 2. The image forming apparatus in this embodiment is of a type that can accommodate recording medium 2 of different sizes, and the recording medium 2 is centered regardless of size (center line CL coincides with the center line of the recording medium 2). Therefore, the arrangement of the ribs provided on the bottom surface of the developing frame 12 and cleaning frame 13 is symmetrical relative to the (center line CL). The rib height is set at predetermined values for the developing frame 12 and cleaning frame 13, respectively, to facilitate conveyance of the recording medium 2. By adopting the above structure, image disturbance due to the contact between the pre-fixation toner image and the bottom surface of the cleaning frame 13 can be prevented, while improving conveyance efficiency. FIG. 34 shows an example of measurement in millimeters between the center line CL and various ribs, along with the symbols corresponding to the standard sizes (Japan Industrial Standard) for the recording medium 2. For example, a symbol A3L stands for an A3 size recording medium fed in the longitudinal direction; a symbol A4s stands for an A4 size recording medium fed in the widthwise direction. A symbol ENV stands for a recording medium of envelope size, and EXE corresponds to a recording medium of an EXE size. The guide ribs 12l and/or 13m, located 5.0 mm, 13.0 mm and 28 mm away from the center line CL, are the ribs which make contact with the center line of the recording medium 2.

FIG. 34 is a schematic view of the bottom portion of the cleaning frame 13 as seen from the sheet conveyance direction. This embodiment is different in that the height of guide ribs 13m is symmetrically increased in relation to the distance from the center line; both ribs of each rib pair corresponding to one of the various sheet sizes of the recording medium 2 have the same height. This rib arrangement can reliably prevent the ribs located toward the center line CL. from coming in contact with the image bearing surface of the recording medium 2, reliably preventing the image disturbance. The horizontal rib arrangement in this embodiment is the same as the embodiment in which the rib height is the same for all ribs.

›Structure of Electrical Contact Points!

Hereinafter referring to FIGS. 5, 8, 9 and 19, the connection and placement of the contact points, which establishes electrical connections between the process cartridge B and the laser beam printer main assembly 14 when the former is installed into the latter, will be described.

The process cartridge B is provided with a plurality of electrical contact points: (1) Electrically conductive grounding contact point 119 electrically connected to the photosensitive drum 7 to ground the drum 7 through the apparatus main assembly 14; (2) Electrically conductive charging bias contact point 120 electrically connected to the charging roller shaft 8a in order to apply a charge bias from the apparatus main assembly 14 to the charging roller 8; (3) Electrically conductive developing bias contact point 12l electrically connected to the developing roller 9c in order to apply a developing bias from the apparatus main assembly 14; and (4) Electrically conductive toner remaining detecting contact point 122 electrically connected to an antenna rod 9h in order to detect the amount of the remaining toner. All of these four contact points 119-122 are exposed on the lateral surface (right-hand side) of the cartridge frame, with intervals large enough to prevent electrical leakage among them. As described before, the ground contact point 119 and charge bias contact point 120 are disposed on the cleaning means frame 13, and development bias contact 121 and toner remainder detecting contact point 122 are disposed on the development chamber frame 12 (developer holder 40). It should be noted here that the toner remaining detecting contact point 122 doubles as a cartridge detecting contact point for detecting the presence (or absence) of the process cartridge within the apparatus main assembly 14.

The grounding contact point 119 is constituted of the electrically conductive axial shaft 7a of the photosensitive drum 7, or an electrically conductive insert molded in the shaft 7 of resin material. In this embodiment, it is constituted of a metallic shaft 7a of iron or the like. The other contact points 120, 121 and 122 are approximately 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm thick electrically conductive metallic pieces, for example, stainless steel piece, phosphor bronze piece, or the like, which are planted on the surface so as for their leg portions to reach into the process cartridge interior. The charging bias contact point 120 is exposed on the driving side surface (lateral side C1) of the cleaning unit C, and the developing bias contact point 121 and toner remaining detecting contact point 122 are exposed on the driving side surface (lateral side D1) of the developing unit D.

More specifically, referring to FIG. 20, in this embodiment, the helical drum gear 7b is provided at one end of the photosensitive drum 7 in the axial direction of the drum 7 as described before. This helical drum gear 7b engages with the helical driver gear 28 provided on the apparatus main assembly 14 to rotate the drum 7. As this helical gear 7b rotates, it generates a thrust (in the direction of an arrow d in FIG. 20), pressing thereby the drum 7, which is mounted on the cleaning means frame portion 13 with the allowance of some play in its longitudinal direction toward the direction of the helical gear 7b. As a result, one 7b1 of the lateral surfaces of the helical gear 7b remains in contact with the internal surface 13k1 of one 13k of the lateral surfaces of the cleaning means frame portion 13 of the cartridge frame, whereby the position of the drum 7 within the cartridge B in the axial direction is regulated. The grounding contact point 119 and charging bias contact point 120 are exposed on the one 13k of the lateral surfaces of the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame, wherein the grounding contact point 119 is at the end of the drum shaft 7a, and projects outward slightly (approximately 0.8 mm) beyond the end of the aforementioned cylindrical guide 13a. This drum shaft 7a is put through the drum cylinder 7d (aluminum cylinder in this embodiment) covered with a photosensitive layer 7e, and is supported at each end by the cylindrical guide 13a, which in turn is supported on the lateral walls 13c and 13d. The drum cylinder 7d and shaft 7a are connected with a grounding plate 7f, which is in contact with both the internal surface 7d1 of the drum cylinder 7d and peripheral surface 7a1 of the shaft 7a.

The charging bias contact point 120 is located almost directly above the long guide 12, that is, adjacent to the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame, which supports the charging roller 8 (FIG. 9(a)). Also, the charging bias contact point 120 is electrically connected to the charging roller shaft 8a through an electrically conductive member 120a, which is in contact with the charging roller shaft 8a.

Next, the developing bias contact point 121 and toner remaining detecting contact point 122 will be described. These two contact points 121 and 122 are located on one surface, D1, of the lateral surface of the developing unit D, that is, the same side as the lateral surface 13k of the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame. The developing bias contact point 121 is located directly below the long guide 12a and adjacent to the right-hand end of the frame portion 12c where the magnet 9g contained in the developing roller 9c is supported (FIG. 5), and is electrically connected to the developing roller 9c through the coil spring contact point 91, which is in contact with the lateral end of the developing roller 9c (FIG. 9(b)). Referring to FIG. 5, the toner remaining detecting contact point 122 is disposed on the upstream side of the long guide 12a relative to the cartridge inserting direction (arrow X direction in FIG. 8), and is connected to an antenna rod 9h, which is disposed on the side of the toner container 11A and extends in the longitudinal direction of the developing roller 9c in parallel with the developing roller 9c as shown in FIG. 9(b), through the electrically conductive member 9f which is in contact with an antenna rod 9h. The antenna rod 9h is disposed so as to hold a predetermined distance from the developing roller 9c. The capacitance between this antenna rod 9h and developing roller 9c varies in response to the amount of the toner present between two components; therefore, the amount of the remaining toner is detected by measuring this capacitance change as a potential difference change, through a control section (unillustrated) in the apparatus main assembly 14.

Here, the terminology "amount of the remaining toner" means an amount of the toner that creates a predetermined amount of capacitance by being present between the developing roller 9c and antenna rod 9h. In other words, the detection of the predetermined amount of capacitance means that the amount of the toner remaining in the toner chamber 11A has reached the predetermined amount.

Thus, it is detected by the control section, which is provided in the apparatus main assembly 14 and is connected to the cartridge B through the toner remaining detecting contact point 122, that the capacitance has reached a predetermined first value; whereby it is determined that the amount of the toner remaining in the toner chamber 11a has reached the predetermined amount. When it is detected that the capacitance has reached the aforementioned first determined value, the apparatus main assembly 14 signals the need for process cartridge B exchange (for example, flashing light, buzzing sound). When the capacitance detected by the control section matches a predetermined second value, which is smaller than the first value, the detecting circuit determines that the cartridge B has been installed in the apparatus main assembly 14. The control section circuit does not allow the apparatus main assembly 14 to be driven unless it detects that the cartridge B has been installed in the apparatus main assembly. In other words, the control section does not allow the apparatus main assembly 14 to start forming images.

It may be arranged so that a warning signal (for example, blinking light or the like) may be provided to inform the operator of the absence of the cartridge B in the apparatus.

Next, a description will be provided as to the connection between the contact point provided on the cartridges B and the contact point member provided on the apparatus main assembly 14.

Referring to FIG. 19, four contact point members, which make contact with corresponding contact points 119-122 when the process cartridge is installed in the apparatus A, are provided on one of the lateral walls of the cartridge accommodating space S of the image forming apparatus A (grounding contact point member 123 which electrically contacts the grounding contact point 119, charging bias contact point member 124 which electrically contacts the charging bias contact point 120, developing contact point member 125 which electrically contacts the developing bias contact point 121, and toner detection contact point member 126 which electrically contacts the toner remaining detecting contact point 122).

As shown in FIGS. 19(a) and 19(b), the grounding contact point member 123 is disposed in correspondence to the groove 16a5. The developing bias contact point member 125 and toner remaining detecting contact point member 126 are disposed below the first guide portion 16a. The charging bias contact point member 124 is disposed above the second guide portion 16b.

Here, the positional relationship between the contact points and guides will be described.

First, referring to FIG. 5, as for the positional relationship in the vertical direction (as seen from the horizontal direction), the developing bias contact point 121 is the bottommost one; the toner remaining detecting contact point 122, long guide 12a and cylindrical guide 13a (grounding contact point 119) are disposed above the bias contact point 121, being at about the same level; above them is the short guide 13b, and the topmost one is the charging bias contact point 120. As for the positional relationship in the cartridge inserting direction (arrow X direction), the toner remaining detecting contact point 122 is the most upstream one; next is the long guide 12a; at a further downstream location is the charging bias contact point 120 and developing bias contact point 121; and at the most downstream locations are short guide 13b and cylindrical guide 13a (grounding contact point 119). Arranging the contact points as described above allows the charging bias contact point 120 to be positioned near the charging roller 8; the developing bias contact point 121, near the developing roller 9c; the toner remaining detecting contact point 122, near the antenna rod 9h; and the grounding contact point 119 to be positioned near the photosensitive drum 7. Therefore, the wiring for the contact points can be shortened.

The measurements of the contact points are as follows: the charging bias contact point 120 is approximately 10.0 mm in height and width (tolerable range of 8.0 mm to 12.0 mm); developing bias contact point 121 is approximately 9.0 mm in height (tolerable range of 6.0 mm to 12.0 mm) and approximately 8.0 mm (tolerable range of 5.0 mm to 11.0 mm); toner remaining detecting contact point 122 is approximately 8.0 mm (tolerable range of 6.0 mm to 10.0 mm) in height and approximately 9.0 mm (tolerable range of 7.0 mm to 11.0 mm) in width; and grounding contact point 119 is circular and its diameter is approximately 7.0 mm. The charging bias contact point 120, developing bias contact point 121, and toner remaining detecting contact point 122 are rectangular.

The grounding contact point member 123 is an electrically conductive plate spring member, and is mounted in the groove 16a5, in which the cylindrical guide 13a (in which the drum shaft 7a of the photosensitive drum 7 is fitted), on which the grounding contact point 119 of the cartridge B is mounted, is disposed to fix the position of the cartridge B, whereby the grounding contact point member 123 is grounded through the chassis of the apparatus main assembly (FIGS. 19 and 26). The other contact point members 124, 125 and 126 are mounted in the corresponding holder covers 127 in such a manner as to be projected therefrom by the corresponding compression springs 129. This arrangement will be described referring to the charging bias contact point member 124. Referring to FIG. 20, the charging bias contact point member 124 is placed under a holder cover so that it projects but does not come off, and then, this holder cover 127 is fixed to a circuit board 128 mounted on one of the lateral walls of the apparatus main assembly, whereby the contact point members are electrically connected to the wiring patterns by the electrically conductive compression springs 129, correspondingly.

Next, referring to FIG. 21, it will be described with reference to the charging bias contact point member 120 how the contact points on the cartridge side come in contact with the corresponding contact point members on the image forming apparatus side when the process cartridge B is installed into the image forming apparatus A. FIG. 21 is an explanatory drawing, which depicts the state of the process cartridge B in the image forming apparatus A, wherein an arrow mark H designates the movement of the charging bias contact point 124 on the apparatus main assembly, relative to the process cartridge B, when the cartridge B is installed into the image forming apparatus A. It should be noted here that FIG. 21 is a cross-section of FIG. 5 at a line 0.

During the installation of the process cartridge B into the image forming apparatus A using the guide members 16a and 16b as the guide, the charging bias contact point member 124 is in the state (a) depicted in FIG. 21 before it reaches the predetermined position where it is to be fixedly disposed. At this time, the charging bias contact point member 124 is not in contact with the flat surface 20 of the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame. As the cartridge B is further inserted, the charging bias contact point member 124 is advanced to a position (b) in FIG. 21. In this state, it remains in contact with the slanted surface 31 (FIG. 5) formed on the right lateral wall 13c of the cleaning means portion 13 of the frame; it slides on this slanted surface 31, whereby it is gradually pressed, compressing thereby gradually the compression spring 129; and is smoothly moves onto the flat surface 32 where the charging bias contact point 120 is exposed. When the inserted cartridge B arrives at the predetermined location, the contact member 124 arrives at a position (c) in FIG. 21, where it makes contact with the charging bias contact point 120. The other contact point members 125 and 126 come in contact with the contact points 121 and 122, respectively, in the same manner.

With such an arrangement as described above being in place, when the cartridge B is guided by the guide member 16 into the predetermined cartridge accommodating location, the contact points and the corresponding contact point members are reliably placed in contact with each other.

Further, when the process cartridge B is positioned at the predetermined location in the apparatus main assembly 14, the grounding contact point member 123 in the form of a plate spring makes contact with the grounding contact point 119 projecting from the cylindrical guide 13a (FIG. 20). As the process cartridge B is inserted into the apparatus main assembly 14, the grounding contact point 119 and grounding contact member 123 electrically contact with each other, grounding thereby the photosensitive drum 7. The charging bias contact point 120 and charging bias contact member 124 electrically contact with each other, allowing thereby a high voltage (superposed voltage of AC and DC voltages) to be applied to the charging roller 8. The developing bias contact point 121 and developing contact member 125 make electrical contact with each other, allowing thereby a high voltage to be applied to the developing roller 9c. The toner remaining detecting contact point 122 and toner remaining detecting contact member 126 make electrical contact with each other, allowing thereby information reflecting the capacitance to be transmitted to the apparatus main assembly 14.

Next a case in which the photosensitive drum 7 is rotated by driving the image forming apparatus A, will be described. The photosensitive drum 7 is given an approximately 2 mm to 3 mm thrust play in the axial direction so that it is easier to install the process cartridge B into the image forming apparatus A. Therefore, it is necessary for the charging bias contact point member 124 or the like to be capable of projecting by a distance larger than the thrust play. Further, in this embodiment, a plate spring 45 is provided, which presses the process cartridge B toward one side (side where the contact point members 123-126 are located) of the apparatus main assembly when the cartridge t is in the apparatus main assembly. This plate spring 45 is on the side opposite to the side where the contact point members are located, above the first installation guide 16a.

Further, when the contact points 119-122 of the process cartridge B are disposed, as they are in this embodiment, on the side where the helical drum gear 7b is disposed (lateral wall on the driving side), the connection for mechanically driving the cartridge B by the apparatus main assembly through the helical drum gear 7b, and the electrical connection between the cartridge B and apparatus main assembly through the contact points 119-122, can be made on the same side of the cartridge B. Therefore, when the aforementioned side of the cartridge B is used as the referential side, the integrated error in the component sizes can be reduced, which makes it possible to mount more accurately the contact points and the helical gear. Further, when a helical drum gear with teeth cut in such a direction as to generate a thrust directed toward the side where the helical drum gear is positioned is used, the position of the photosensitive drum 7 in the axial direction is fixed on the side where the contact points are located; therefore, in this case, the accuracy in the positional relationship between the photosensitive drum 7 and the contact points is also improved, in addition to the aforementioned effects. Further, when a lever 23 (FIG. 6) for opening or closing the drum shutter 18 is located, as it is in the aforementioned embodiment, on the side opposite to the one where the contact points 119-122 are located, the frictional resistance generated on one side of the cartridge by the contact points 119-122 as the cartridge B is inserted into the image forming apparatus A, and the resistance (or pressure), which is met by the lever 23 (FIG. 6) for opening or closing the drum shutter member 18, are distributed toward the longitudinal ends of the cartridge B when the process cartridge B is inserted into the image forming apparatus A; In other words, the resistance generated when the cartridge B is inserted is evenly distributed in the longitudinal direction of the cartridge B. Therefore, the cartridge B can be smoothly inserted.

Further, as described in the preceding embodiment, when all the contact points of the process cartridge B are positioned on one and the same lateral wall of the cartridge frame, and the process cartridge B is placed under the elastic pressure generated by the plate spring, it is possible to provide stable electrical connections between the contact points and the corresponding contact point members on the apparatus main assembly side.

FIG. 22 illustrates an arrangement in which the contact points are located on tile side where the aforementioned lever 23 is located. This arrangement can also sufficiently provide the aforementioned effects.

Here, a description will be provided as to a toner refill method for the process cartridge B without disassembling of the process cartridge B. (Recycling method)

›Embodiment 1!

Referring to FIG. 37-FIG. 42, recycling method for the process cartridge will be described.

(1) Process cartridge to be prepared

The process cartridge in this method is an used one collected from the market.

(2) Check of appearance

The inspection is made as to significant damage or missing parts on the surface of the process cartridge B by observation and touching. Particularly, the surface of the photosensitive drum 7 is carefully checked as to damage or deposition of foreign matter. Also, inspection is made as to a significant toner leakage. When the toner leakage is significant, it is possible that the seal member of the sliding portion in the process cartridge B is out of order with respect to the sealing function. Such a process cartridge is not preferable in the recycling method of this embodiment.

(3) Toner in the cleaning device is removed.

As shown in FIG. 37 and FIG. 40, a toner removing hole 61 is formed in each of side surfaces 13p, 13q of the cleaning frame 13 to remove the toner. The hole 61 is formed by auger drill, cutter or another machining device or chassis punch or ultrasonic wave cutter or the like into a diameter of 10-20 mm. The toner removing hole 61 may be formed at one position in the side surface of the cleaning frame 13 or at each of the side surfaces 13p, and 13q.

Here, the inside of the cleaning frame 13 is separated by a partition rib 46 as shown in FIGS. 42, 43. In order to remove the toner from the toner container through the toner removing hole 61, the operator keeps the process cartridge B with his hands so the upper the cleaning frame 13 takes a higher position than the photosensitive drum 7, and shakes the process cartridge B. Then, the process cartridge B is turned to a vertical position to discharge the toner from the toner container 10b through the toner removing hole 61. By repeating this operation a plurality of times, the toner is gradually removed from the cleaning frame 13. However, if the process cartridge B is shaken too strongly, the toner may leak out through another portion other than the toner removing hole 61, and therefore, the operator should be careful.

Consideration will be made as to a position of a hole in a side other than the side surfaces 13p and 13q.

The inside of the cleaning frame 13 has 5 partition ribs 46, as shown in FIG. 43 (3 of them is not shown) so that the cleaning frame 13 is partitioned into 6 chambers. As shown in FIG. 42, upper and low partition ribs 47 are provided at an upper portion to provide a ceiling of the toner container. Further, a reinforcing rib 49 is extended inclinedly for each chamber at the leading end 13h of the cleaning frame 13.

Therefore, even if a hole is formed in a top portion of the cleaning frame 13, the toner is not easily discharged from the toner container because of the upper and low partition ribs 47. Even if holes are formed in the upper and low partition ribs 47, another difficulty arises since it is difficult to close the holes in the upper and low partition ribs 47 because of the existence of the upper wall of cleaning frame 13, after the toner is removed.

It is difficult to dig a hole at the leading end 13h of the cleaning frame 13 because of the existence of the inclined reinforcing rib 49, and in addition, it is difficult to discharge the residual toner because of the existence of the partition rib 46.

It is not desirable to dig a hole in the bottom portion of the cleaning frame 13, since the bottom side of the cleaning frame 13 is adjacent the feeding path for the recording material 2 sheet, and therefore, the toner leakage should be strictly prevented with the result of curbersome sealing operation. As shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of guide ribs 13m are arranged on a bottom portion surface of the cleaning frame 13 in a sheet feeding direction, and therefore, if an attempt is made to seal the hole by tape or the like, it is difficult to completely seal it because of the existence of the guide rib 13m, so that the toner leakage tends to occur.

Therefore, the position of the hole 61 for removing the residual toner from the cleaning frame 13 is best in the side surface 13p and 13q of the cleaning frame 13.

The toner in the cleaning frame 13 is removed, since otherwise the cleaning frame 13 will become filled with the toner with the result of cleaning defect. Therefore, it is not necessary to clean the inside of the cleaning frame 13 after the 10 toner is completely removed.

After the toner is removed, the residual toner removing hole 61 is sealed by an adhesive tape 66, as shown in FIGS. 37, 39.

(4) Toner is refilled

As shown in FIG. 37, two toner refill openings 64 are formed in an upper part of the toner frame 11. As shown in FIG. 41, distances E and F between the center of the hole 64 and the left end as seen from the top of the toner frame 11 are 67-77 mm and 227-237 mm, respectively, and the size of the filling opening 64 has a width of 20-35 mm, a length of 10-20 mm approx. The toner frame 11 has 3 partition plates 11p, as shown in FIG. 41. The center of the opening 64 is positioned adjacent the outside partition plate 11p. With this position, the partition plate 11p appears in the center of the filling opening 64, as shown in FIGS. 37, 41. The toner frame 11 is partitioned into 4 chambers by three said partition plates 11p. By digging the refill opening bridging across the partition plate 11p, the toner can be supplied into two chambers through one hole, so that the filling efficiency is high. The toner proper amount to be refilled is approx. 700-950 g. For the filling, a funnel 65 may be used, as shown in FIG. 37, and it is closely contacted to the toner frame 11, and the toner is supplied from the above. When the toner is supplied, the opening portion is quickly filled with the toner, and therefore, the process cartridge B is shaken after a small amount of the toner is supplied, and then the toner is supplied again. This process is repeated.

Only one hole at the central portion of the toner frame 11 is enough to refill (chain line in FIG. 41) However, in this case, the toner is directly supplied only to the central two chambers, and therefore, it is necessary to shake the process cartridge B to feed the toner to the adjacent outer chambers.

If the refill opening is formed in any lateral wall of the toner frame 11, the partition plate 11p is present right below it, and therefore, the process cartridge B is shaken to let the toner fall, in order to fill the toner uniformly to the entirety of the toner frame 11.

On the bottom surface of the toner frame 11, there is provided a rib 11c for preventing sliding to facilitate the handling, as shown in FIGS. 36, 40. The bottom side has to be carefully sealed in consideration of the gravity. But, the provision of the rib on the bottom side means difficulty in the sealing.

It is preferable to dig two holes 64 at positions with E=67-77 mm and F=227-237 mm from the end of the upward portion of the toner frame 11, as has been described hereinbefore. The configuration of the refill opening 64 is rectangular in FIGS. 37, 41, but it may be circular, elongated circular or oval.

The amount of the toner to be refilled is preferably small in view of the efficiency of the refilling operation, but the printable number is sheets is small upon the reused. If it is too large, the circulation of the toner in the toner frame 11 becomes difficult even to such an extent that the density of the image is partly lowered. Therefore, the toner amount to be refilled is preferably 700-950 g, as has been described hereinbefore.

When the toner filling is completed, the holes are sealed by adhesive tapes 36 or the like.

(5) Inspection

The recycled process cartridge B is set in a main assembly of the image forming apparatus and the apparatus is operated to check it. The test patterns may include a solid white, solid black half-tone, letter pattern or the like, and the inspection is made to confirm that the image is free of white or black strives and of dots or another remarkable image defect. At this time, it is confirmed that remarkable toner leakage does not occur Into the main assembly 14 of the device.

If the strips or dots or other defect appears on the image, it is probable that the photosensitive drum 7 or the developing roller 9c are damaged. In this case, if the image defect does not disappear even after approximately 50 sheets, the process cartridge B is unable to be reused, and therefore, it is sent to a route for collection, disassembling, cleaning and recycling (recycling). When the small amount of a toner is present on the entirety of the sheet or at the marginal white background, the photosensitive layer of the photosensitive drum 7 may be worn. In this case, the process cartridge is sent for the collection, disassembling, cleaning and recycling route. The wearing of the photosensitive drum 7 starts at the end portions and extends therefrom, usually, and therefore, the recording paper to be used preferably has a maximum usable width.

Additionally, 100 sheets are processed with letter patterns, and the toner leakage in the main assembly of the apparatus 14 is checked. In the case that the toner leakage is recognized, the sealing function of the sliding portion may have been deteriorated, and therefore, the process cartridge is preferable not reused. In this manner, the toner removed by the cleaning is discharged, and the toner is refilled. After it passes the inspection, then it is permitted to be reused.

›Embodiment 2!

A description will be provided as to embodiment 2 of the recycling method for the process cartridge occurring to the present invention. Here, the steps are the same as with embodiment 1 up to the stage of (3) removing the residual toner from the step of (1), and therefore, the description thereof is omitted for simplicity. After that small amount of toner is supplied for the purpose of inspection. Similarly to embodiment 1, residual toner removing hole 61 and toner are formed in the cleaning frame 13 and toner frame 11, and approximately 20-50 g of the toner is supplied, and the residual toner removing hole 31 and the toner refill 64 are temporally sealed by tape or the like. Then, it is set in the main assembly of the apparatus 14, and the image produced thereby is checked. The process cartridge B is recycled if it passes inspection.

(Resealing of the toner frame)

Subsequently, as shown in FIG. 44, a metal plate 68 having a width of 44-54 mm is inserted through an opening through which a tear tape 52, integral with a cover film 51, seals in the toner frame 11 before start of se of the process cartridge B. The toner frame 11 is provided with two dowels 11o (FIG. 30) for guiding the toner seal adjacent the toner seal (new cartridge) at a position about 10 mm away from the opening 67 to the inside. In order to allow the entrance of the metal plate 68, the metal plate 68 is heated, or ultrasonic vibration is imparted to cut the dowel 11o. Therefore, when the process cartridge is reused, the operativity of pulling the seal member by the user may be more or less deteriorated.

After the two dowels 11o are cut out, a seal member 69 in the form of a film coated with adhesive material 69a is inserted with the aid of a metal plate 68 through the opening 67. At this time, the seal member 69 is oriented so that adhesive material 69a is closer to the toner frame 11. After the seal member 69 is bonded to the cover film plate 53 In the toner frame 11, the metal plate 68 is pull ed out. The adhesive material 69a is preferably hot melt type. This is because it has not adhesiveness upon the insertion so that smooth insertion is possible, and after the insertion, the metal plate 68 is heated to melt it to bond the seal member 69 to the cover film plate 53. Then, the metal plate 68 Is cooled to cure the hot melt material. The metal plate 68 then alone can be pulled out.

(Toner refill)

The toner is filled, in a similar manner as in embodiment 1 after the resealing to the toner frame 11. After the refill, the process cartridge B is reusable by the user. In this embodiment, the toner frame 11 is resealed by the seal member 69, and therefore, the process cartridge B can be packed and transported again.

Further, in each of the preceding embodiments, the process cartridge B is of a type which is used to form a monochrome image, but the present invention is also applicable to a multicolor process cartridge, which comprises two or more developing means and is used to form a multicolor image (an image of two colors, three colors, or full-color).

As for the electrophotographic photosensitive member, it is not limited to the aforementioned photosensitive drum 7. The present invention is also applicable to the following. To begin with, the photoconductive material is usable as the photosensitive material. As for the photoconductive material, amorphous silicon, amorphous selenium, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, organic photoconductor (OPC), or the like, is usable. Further, as for the configuration of a base member on which the photosensitive material is placed, a base member in the form of a drum or a belt is used. For example, in the case of the base member of the drum type, the photoconductive material is coated, deposited, or placed by like means on a cylinder of aluminum alloy or the like.

As for the developing method, the present invention is compatible with various well-known methods such as the double component magnetic brush developing method, the cascade developing method, the touch down developing method, the cloud developing method, and the like.

Further, as to the structure of the charging means, the so-called contact charging method is employed in the first embodiment, but it is needless to say that the present invention is also applicable to other conventional charging methods, such as the one in which a metallic shield of aluminum or the like is placed on three sides of a tungsten wire, and positive or negative ions generated by applying a high voltage to the tungsten wire are transferred onto the surface of the photosensitive drum to charge it uniformly.

Further, the aforementioned charging means may be of the blade type, (charging blade), pad type, block type, rod type, wire type, or the like, in addition to the roller type described previously.

As for the method for cleaning the residual toner on the photosensitive drum, the cleaning means may be constituted of a blade, a fur brush, a magnetic brush, or the like.

As described above, all of the plural electrical contact points of the process cartridge are disposed on only one of the lateral surfaces of the cartridge frame; therefore, the electrical connection between the process cartridge and image forming apparatus can be reliably established by positioning the process cartridge in such a manner as to be pressed by elastic means toward its lateral surface where the electrical contact points are disposed.

Further, the electrical connection, as well as the driving mechanism connection, between the process cartridge and image forming apparatus can be more reliably established by means of disposing the helical gear and electrical contact points on the side toward which the electrophotographic photosensitive member is pressed by the rotation of the helical gear for transmitting the driving force to the photosensitive member.

Further, the distance the wiring must be routed within the process cartridge can be shortened by means of disposing each of the contact points in the same manner as described in the preceding embodiments.

Further, according to this embodiment, the electrical circuit board of the apparatus main assembly, to which the aforementioned electrical contact points are to be connected, can be vertically arranged on the lateral surface of the apparatus main assembly; therefore, the apparatus size can be reduced.

As described in the foregoing, according to this embodiment, the toner supply performance is high even if the amount of toner is large.

As described In the foregoing, according to the present invention, a process cartridge can be easily refilled with toner.

While the invention has been described with reference to the structures disclosed herein, it is not confined to the details set forth and this application is intended to cover such modifications or changes as may come within the purposes of the improvements or the scope of the following claims.