Background of the Invention
This invention relates to interior design and decorating, and relates more particularly to a design system and method for assisting the interior designer in selecting, arranging and coordinating the elements of an interior design project.
Interior design or decoration is the art of creating and decorating an indoor space such as a residential or commercial room, and includes the selection and arrangement of furniture, wall coverings, window coverings, accessories and other design elements that make up the interior space of the room, in a manner that will harmonize with the architectural features of the room and produce an attractive appearance as well as serving the functional purposes of the room. Selection and coordination of colors and the like also are important parts of interior design.
One of the early steps in any interior design project is likely to be the creation of a floor plan--a drawing to scale of the room and its architectural elements such as doors, windows, fireplaces and the like--and the laying out of possible furniture arrangements for the room. One approach is to cut out scale representations of the furniture pieces to be used, whether old or new, and to lay the pieces on the floor plan in different possible arrangements. If new furniture and accessories are to be used, the interior designer can test different sizes, shapes and combinations to determine what will produce the best arrangement for the room.
This process can be followed by both professional and amateur or do-it-yourself designers. Professionals often take the process another step by creating an artistic rendering of a proposed design, or even of several alternative designs, for projects that warrant the expense of such renderings. These renderings can show finished perspective or elevations with details of the proposed interior design, including accessories and colors. For those who have difficulty visualizing from a floor plan how a room will look, such detailed artistic renderings are very useful. The cost, however, can be substantial, particularly if more than one design plan has to be created.
In the past, there have been attempts to provide materials for assisting in this process, including pre-drawn furniture representations to scale, typically using a scale of one-half or one-quarter inch to one foot, and calibrated papers for floor plans drawn to the same scale. Such materials, however, have been relatively crude and quite limited in the range of design elements that are available. Accordingly, their use has been limited.
The general objective of this invention is to provide an improved interior design system for these general purposes that is much more effective than anything that has been available in the past, and that can be used simply and easily by both professional and amateur interior designers in creating and representing interior designs and decorations, without the difficulty and expense involved in obtaining artistic renditions.
Summary of the Invention
This invention resides in a novel interior design system which provides a comprehensive, organized, labeled and coded catalog of design elements containing scale images of designs of candidate decorating items including furniture and accessories and the architectural elements for representing the room space to be decorated, and background and foreground grid sections for representing the room space and receiving selected design elements in a realistic rendering, and stores the images in easily accessible and organized fashion for reuse. Moreover, the labeling and coding of the system serve to assist and educate the amateur decorator in selecting elements for coordinated interior designs.
For these purposes, the system of the invention includes a unique design display assembly having a multi-layered display panel and a selectively usable plain background and a scale template background representing both a room wall in elevation and the foreground in perspective, and also providing for simple and easy addition of coloring to the elements of the interior design. This display assembly is combined with a comprehensive collection of individual designs of architectural elements, furniture and other items, each printed on a transparent carrier sheet and stored in a preselected position on one of a plurality of sheets or pages of such design pieces that are organized, labeled and coded in a novel manner for systematic access, use, storage and re-use. The elements are represented in perspective, where appropriate, for more realistic effect.
In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown herein for purposes of illustration, the design pieces comprise pieces of so-called "static-cling" transparent plastic film with the designs printed thereon to scale and in artistically correct form representing a wide variety of different interior design elements that may be used in a particular project. The design pieces are arranged in a plurality of rows on a plurality of pages of a design catalog, these pages preferably being rectangular sheets of relatively stiff backing material such as paper and having rows of corresponding imprints of the selected designs, to the same scale, indicating the proper positions of the designs on the pages. The face of each page is a transparent plastic sheet covered by a covering or coating for holding and releasing the transparent carrier sheets on the page.
With this arrangement, a group of selected designs, including ceiling, wall and floor line elements as well as furnishings, may be removed from the catalog pages and applied to a selected layer of the display panel, overlying the grids in selected positions in the room space there represented, thereby creating a highly realistic representation of the interior design that is the subject of the design project. The basic architectural elements typically will be applied first, to an underlying display layer to provide the representation of the room to be decorated, and the furniture and accessories typically will be applied to an overlying layer, in positions determined by the architectural elements. With professionally pre-drawn and mass-produced design elements, a highly effective representation of the interior design project may be made with a minimum of expense and effort.
With each design's position imprinted on the face of the sheet from which it came, the return of the designs to the catalog for systematic storage and eventual re-use is greatly facilitated. In addition, the catalog page number for each design preferably is printed inconspicuously on the element. As further assistance in selection and coordination of designs, particularly for non-professional designers, the imprint of each design on the backing sheet may include identifying the design's origin and style (e.g., "Country English", "Contemporary", "Spanish" and the like), and also providing useful generic designations (e.g., "2 tier wicker", "parquet top" and "wicker with glass." In addition, distinctively shaped (and preferably colored) symbols are provided as group designations for pieces that are compatible for use together. For example, the preferred embodiment uses a blue diamond symbol for "informal or country", a red circle symbol for "formal", a yellow square symbol for "contemporary" and a green star symbol for "transitional". Thus, the color-coded symbols indicate proper groupings of furniture. Further, catalog pages may be provided in functional groupings each consisting of several pages containing the available designs for a particular room, such as a living room, a dining room, a bedroom, and so forth, and all of these may be kept in a suitable binder such as a 3-ring notebook.
The novel method of the invention constitutes the steps of providing the comprehensive catalog of scale images of furniture, accessories and architectural elements and the background and foreground grids, labeling and coding the images for identification, coordination and storage, selecting candidate images from the catalog and transferring them to the grids, and applying them to the grids in the desired positions. As an optional feature, colors can be applied as an overlay for a more complete rendering, as water colors, crayon or other medium. This method may be practised in the hard copy format disclosed herein, or may be converted to electronic, computer-based form using well known data storage, retrieval and display techniques.
Other aspects and features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the preferred embodiment.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a notebook binder holding an interior design system in accordance with the present invention, including a display assembly and a plurality of catalog pages of design pieces, one page of architectural design elements being shown on top of the other pages;
FIG. 2 is a plan view on an enlarged scale of the display assembly shown in FIG. 1, separated from the notebook binder and positioned with the template sheet in its storage position and with a selected group of design elements applied to layers of the display panel to create a representative interior design;
FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view on a reduced scale of the display assembly of FIG. 2, showing the arrangement of design elements on different layers of the assembly and showing the template sheet in its operative position;
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the components in FIG. 3 in the assembled position;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of another page of design pieces from the group of pages shown in FIG. 1, one of the design pieces being shown in exploded perspective position, as separated from the backing sheet;
FIG. 6 is a rear view of the separated design piece of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary cross-sectional view taken along line 7--7 of FIG. 5, with a central portion removed for compactness;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged plan view of the top page of design elements shown in FIG. 1; and
FIG. 9 is a view similar to FIG. 8 showing another representative page of design elements.
Derailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment
As shown in the drawings for purposes of illustration, the invention is embodied in an interior design system, indicated generally by the reference number 10, that is assembled in a notebook binder 11 for organization and the convenience of the designer (not shown) who will use the design system. In general, the design system includes a display assembly indicated generally at 12 comprising a display panel formed by a plurality of transparent, side-by-side layers 13, 14 and 15 (FIG. 3) and two background sheets 17 and 18, the transparent layers being joined to the sheet 17 by a hinge element 19, and a catalog indicated generally at 20 and comprising a plurality of pages, each catalog page carrying a group of design elements such as those numbered 21 through 31 in FIGS. 1 and 8. The design elements in the catalog may be used in creating interior room designs, a representative design being shown in FIG. 2.
This representative design will be recognized as a living room having a ceiling bordered by a crown moulding 31 and supporting a hanging light fixture 32; two windows 33 decorated with draperies 34; a fireplace 35 and a hearth 36; a chair rail 29 and a baseboard moulding 30 on the wall; two pairs of upholstered chairs 39 and 40 and a sofa 50; and a coffee table 51. In addition, the room is accessorized with pictures 52, mantle items 53, 54, 55 and 56, and table items 57, 58 and 59.
In accordance with one aspect of the invention, using "hard copy" of the catalog, each of these design elements is printed on a transparent carrier sheet 60 (see FIGS. 3 and 5 through 9) and normally is stored in the binder 11 on one of the catalog pages 20 along with a plurality of other design elements of similar kinds. The catalog pages are made up of backing sheets 61 (FIG. 7) that are printed with the same designs as those on the design elements stored on the carrier sheets, and plastic faces 62 covering the printed backing sheets 61 and interacting with the carrier sheets 60 to secure the design elements removably in place on the catalog pages. Preferably, the carrier sheets are composed of plastic film of the type referred to as "static cling" vinyl plastic, which adheres firmly but releasably to both the faces of the catalog sheets and, when removed for use, to the layers of the display assembly 12.
As can be seen most clearly in FIGS. 5, 6 and 7, the vinyl sheet of each carrier piece herein is rectangular in shape for ease of manufacture and handling and for storage neatly in edge-to-edge relation with other design elements in a plurality of rows on a catalog page. This is not essential, however, as irregular shapes may be used as well. The illustrative page shown in FIG. 5 carries five horizontal or transverse rows of four design elements each, the designs on this page being upholstered chairs. It will be seen that all of the design elements together make up an outer layer of plastic film that is the same size and shape as the backing sheet 62.
This is the result of the preferred manufacturing process, in which the pages 20 are laid up in laminated form as shown in FIG. 7, with the large sheet of unprinted transparent static-cling film overlaid on the backing sheet 61 after printing of the designs on the underlying backing sheet. The static-cling film then is printed and cut to divide it into the individual carrier pieces 60, each with a design printed on it. This can be done by die-cutting, of the type called "kiss cutting", to sever only the outer layer of static-cling plastic. The plastic face 62 on the backing sheet is secured to the printed sheet by a transparent adhesive (not shown), so it would do no serious harm if the die-cutting should inadvertently penetrate into the plastic face.
As indicated in the lower right-hand corner of the sheet shown in FIG. 5, the designs printed on the backing sheet 61 preferably are identical to the designs printed on the carrier sheets 60, so that there is full registration when the carrier sheet is in place. For contrast when a design has been removed, however, it is desirable that the backing sheet design be noticeably different, herein lighter, than the design on the carrier sheet, as shown in FIG. 5, thereby facilitating location of the proper position for return of the carrier sheet to the catalog page after use. Also, as can be seen most clearly on FIGS. 5 and 6, the catalog page number for storage of each piece is indicated inconspicuously on the design piece to assist in the return of the piece to its storage position,
Additional detailed features are shown in FIG. 5, including the special symbols 63 (square), 64 (diamond), 65 (circle) and 66 (star) for indicating contemporary, informal (country), formal and transitional styles, respectively, and the short verbal labels also provided with each design element. These are printed on the backing sheet 61 to assist in the selection process, but not on the carrier sheets 60, to avoid clutter on the finished interior design on the display panel 12.
FIG. 6 shows the reverse side of the design element 60 shown removed from the lower right-hand corner of the catalog page in FIG. 5. This is a rear perspective view of a chair, facing to the left. It can be seen that this design element can be reversed by turning it over to provide a rear perspective of the chair facing to the right, and thus can serve two different purposes or positions, lending greater versatility to the system. To enable this and other perspective design elements to be used reversibly, the designs on the carrier 60 elements preferably are printed in multiple layers--a first layer as a black outline directly on the film, a second as an opaque layer for the body of the design, and a third as another black outline on top of the opaque layer. This is illustrated schematically by the three layer lines 67, 68 and 69, shown in FIG. 7. Printed in this way, the designs have the same appearance whether viewed from the top or from the underside, even though the printing is all on one side.
Also shown in FIG. 5 are three punched holes 70 along the left-hand margin of the page, for use in mounting the hard copy catalog page in the binder 11, which is of the three-ring type, with a page number at 71 on the lower portion of the page printed on the backing sheet 61 to show through the transparent face sheet 62 and the carrier sheet 60. The page shown in FIG. 5 is page 49 of a set, carrying, as is evident, several different styles of upholstered chair designs.
Shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 are two other representative catalog pages of the set, marked as pages 1 and 44. Page 1 (FIG. 8) also is shown generally in FIG. 1 and contains a number of basic architectural elements, including the crown moulding and chair rail moulding also shown in FIG. 2; baseboard moulding 30; two paneled doors 21 and 24; two cased-opening rectangular doorways 22 and 23; and two-cased opening archways 25 and 26. At the bottom of the page are two adjustable wall corners with mouldings 27 and 28. Each of these design elements is printed on a rectangular carrier sheet dimensioned to accommodate the design of a size and shape adapted to hold the design element and preferably is die-cut from a single sheet of static-cling film, as previously described.
Similarly, the catalog page 44 shown in FIG. 9 contains six transverse rows with three table designs in each row, for a total of eighteen different designs of tables. The table 51 used in FIG. 2 is on the carrier sheet 60 at the left-hand end of the second row from the top. Both catalog pages shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 also have holes 70 for securing the pages in the binder 11.
As shown in detail in FIGS. 2, 3 and 4, the illustrative display assembly 12 has three rectangular transparent sheets 13, 14 and 15 making up the layers of the display panel, these layers being hinged together by means of a conventional binder strip of plastic or metal connecting in slots along corresponding edges of the sheets. The plain backing sheet 17 also is rectangular and is hingedly joined to the display sheets by the plastic binder, and the template sheet 18 is hingedly joined at 72 to another edge of the plain sheet 17. The two background sheets preferably are formed as one integral sheet of relatively stiff paper board, and the hinge is of the so-called "bump score" type, which simply forms a "bend" line across the board. This permits the template sheet 18 to swing into and out of the active position shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 from a storage position behind the plain sheet 17. In some instances, the display assembly will be separately packaged, for convenience, rather than being stored in the binder 11.
Various materials may be used for the elements of the "hard copy" of the system, the important characteristics being the transparency of the layers 13 to 15 of the film 60 and of the clear plastic face sheet 62 of the catalog pages, and the releasable engagement characteristic of the static cling carrier sheets in cooperation with the layers and the face sheets. Suitable materials for the layers 13 to 15 include clear flexible plastic polyester of the type sold as "Mylar" by DuPont, and the catalog sheets may be composed of printed "ten point" paper with thin face sheets of polyester "Mylar" plastic adhesively secured thereto after the images have been imprinted. The background sheets 17 and 18 may be relatively heavy paper "board".
While the method or procedure for using the hard copy version of the interior design system of the present invention in creating an interior design should be evident from the foregoing description of the elements of the invention, a step-by-step description of the use and operation of the invention in producing the representative design of FIG. 2 may be of assistance in this respect. With reference to FIGS. 3 and 4, it will be seen that the template sheet 18 is hinged on one side edge of the plain background sheet 17 of the display assembly 12, preferably by an integral fold which permits the template sheet to be swung into the operative position beneath the transparent layers 13, 14 and 15 as shown in FIG. 4, before any designs are applied to the display panel. In this position, the template serves as a guide for setting up the architectural elements of the room to be decorated. Those elements are found in the pages of the catalog carrying a full complement of such elements, and are transferred manually from the catalog pages to the display panel.
In this case, the architectural elements defining the wall of the room are applied to the first transparent layer 13 of the display panel 12 directly over the template sheet 18. The baseboard moulding 30 is applied along the base of the template scale for the wall area, designated on the grid as a wall line, just above the perspective scale for the foreground, which preferably is labeled as such. The other pre-existing architectural elements are overlaid on the first transparent layer 13 in accordance with the measurements that have been taken from the room.
In this instance, the design elements for the two chairs 39 and two tables, which are to have positions relatively close to the wall, also are applied to the first transparent layer 13. These can be placed according to pre-existing measurements indicated on the template sheet 18, or can be placed simply according to "feel" or "taste". In fact, it is possible to move pieces at will to different representative positions in the room space, and also to change designs, if the initial selection is not satisfactory. It will be seen that the picture elements 52 and the accessories 53-59 also are applied to the first transparent layer 13 over the template sheet 18.
After the selected design elements are in place on the first layer 13, the second layer 14 is moved into position over the first layer so that additional elements can be added to the interior design for the representative room. These may be the elements farther away from the wall, as shown--the couch 50 and the chairs 40--and also may include the draperies 34 and the light fixture 32. A great deal of freedom is available in use of the various layers. It will be seen that the perspective "foreground" scale on the template provides guidance to the designer for placement of the design elements that are farther away from the wall. The progressively increasing spacing of the "foreground" scale lines produces a realistic appearance to the resulting design.
When all of the elements are in place on the second transparent layer 14, the appearance will be as seen in FIG. 4. At this stage, the two layers 13 and 14 may be lifted to permit removal of the template sheet 18, by swinging it back to be behind the plain background sheet 17, which produces the uncluttered appearance seen in FIG. 2. It will be noted in FIG. 3 that a third transparent layer 15 is provided as part of the display assembly 12, and has not been used in laying out the interior design. While this layer also may be used to hold design elements, its primary purpose is, instead, to receive coloring media--from crayons, watercolors or other coloring media--to provide color to the interior design. For this purpose, the third layer 15 should be provided with an outside surface suitable for decorating in these fashions, preferably having a coating that will accept and hold crayon wax, and water colors. With this capability, even a person who is not an accomplished graphic artist can produce and display a color scheme for an interior design project. This adds yet another dimension to the capabilities of the interior design system of the present invention. Of course, photocopies also can be made and decorated with colors and the like.
As will be evident to those skilled in the art, the method of the invention may be practiced both with the hard copy version of the invention and using other media. For example, the scale images of the design elements, both the furniture and accessories elements and the architectural elements, may be stored in an electronic data base, and retrieved and displayed using conventional data storage and retrieval techniques well known to those skilled in this art. In this manner, with the background and foreground grids displayed on a screen [not shown], architectural elements for representing the room space to be decorated may be selected from the available stored collections, and transferred to the screen and positioned as desired. The furniture and accessory design elements then may be selected, also from the available stored collections, transferred to the screen and positioned thereon as desired. The capabilities of electronic storage, retrieval and manipulation of images makes it possible to increase the versatility of the invention in such a medium.
From the foregoing, it will be seen that the present invention provides a new and greatly improved system for assisting in creating, coordinating and rendering an interior design, providing a very useful and effective display assembly and a highly effective and sophisticated, comprehensive catalog of design elements for use in interior designs. It also will be apparent that, while a specific embodiment of the invention has been illustrated and described, and representative methods of practicing the invention have been described, various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.