US 5,525,926 AGrant
Active Pull-Up Voltage Spike Reducer
Issue Date:1996-06-11
•10 Claims
•2 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
An embodiment of the present invention provides a method to reduce a regulated power source voltage spike during operation of a dynamic random access memory by the steps of: providing a voltage spike reducer enabling pulse via a pulse generator circuit responsive to a pulse generator input signal; translating the voltage level of an unregulated power source via a level translation stage during the presence of the voltage spike reducer enabling pulse; amplifying a translated voltage level; and providing a measure of current from the unregulated power supply to the regulated power supply via a current driver stage that is responsive to the amplified translated voltage level translation. The method is realize by in a CMOS active pull-up voltage spike reducing circuit for a semiconductor device comprising: first, second and third potentials for powering the active pull-up voltage spike reducing circuitry; a pulse generator stage responsive to a pulse generator input signal; a level translator stage responsive to an output pulse of the pulse generator circuit; a translated driver stage responsive to an output of the level translator stage; and a current driver stage responsive to said translated driver stage to thereby provide additional current to the third potential.
Metadata
Assignee
- Micron Technology, Inc.
Inventor
- Todd A. Merritt
Application Information
Application Number:US 4175719
Filing Date:1995-04-06
Priority Date:1993-12-13
Art Unit:251
Classifications
IPC:
G02F 110H03K 300H03L 500
Field of Search:
327326306;333;535;541;50;55;57;64;538;537;10833;34
Patent Drawings (2 sheets)
Description
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to a CMOS voltage spike reducing circuit formed in a semiconductor integrated circuit (IC) and in particular a voltage spike reducing circuit that may be used in memory devices, such as dynamic random access memories (DRAMs).
Background of the Invention
Many Integrated Circuits (ICs) are powered by an internal regulated voltage source which insures device protection from voltages that may exceed operating specifications if unregulated supplies were used. However, using a regulated supply has a major downfall. That downfall being that the current supplied by the regulated supply may be too limiting during critical operating cycles of a given IC.
For example, in a Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM), during active pull up time, a large current spike causes the internal regulated supply to take a sizable dip. This dip in voltage can slow down the operation of the DRAM (i.e. measurements of access time to column address (.sub.t AA) have shown .sub.t AA to slow down by as much as 4 ns on 4 Mbit Drams).
Prior solutions include such ideas as, increasing the current capacity of the regulator or improving the regulator's frequency response both of which have disadvantages. A disadvantage of increasing the current capacity of the regulator is that it requires extra bias current to operate the IC as P-channel power amplifiers require a lot of extra current to turn them on. A disadvantage of improving the frequency response of the regulator is the circuit complexity required.
What is needed is a simple circuit, with no feedback or frequency response considerations to take into account, that will supply the needed current at the proper time.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention provides a method to reduce a regulated power source voltage spike during operation of an integrated circuit comprising the steps of:
providing a voltage spike reducer enabling pulse via a pulse generator circuit responsive to a pulse generator input signal;
translating the voltage level of an unregulated power source via a level translation circuit during the presence of the voltage spike reducer enabling pulse; and
providing a measure of current from the unregulated power source to said regulated power source via a current driver stage that is responsive to the level translation circuit.
The method of the present is accomplished by an active pull-up voltage spike reducing circuitry comprising:
first, second and third potentials for powering the active pull-up voltage spike reducing circuitry;
a pulse generator stage responsive to a pulse generator input signal;
a level translator circuit to provide a translated voltage level; and
a current driver stage responsive to the translated voltage level to thereby provide additional current to said third potential.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1, gives a general block diagram representation of the present invention depicting an active pull-up voltage spike reducer; FIG. 1A shows an implementation of the present invention into a semiconductor device;
FIG. 2, gives a more detailed schematic representation of the present invention depicting the active pull-up voltage spike reducer; and
FIG. 3 depicts a preferred current drive transistor to be used in the present invention.
Detail Description of the Preferred Embodiment
FIG. 1, gives a general block diagram representation of the present invention depicting an active pull-up voltage spike reducer comprising, a pulse generator stage 1, a level translator stage 2, a translated driver stage 3, and a current driver stage 4. FIG. 1A is an implementation of the present invention depicted in FIG. 1, showing a semiconductor device 5 incorporating the general block diagram representation of the present invention. Semiconductor 5 may be any semiconductor device, such as a memory device and in particular a dynamic random access memory or DRAM.
FIG. 2, gives a more detailed schematic representation of the present invention depicting the active pull-up voltage spike reducer comprising, a pulse generator stage 1, a level translator stage 2, a translated driver stage 3, and a current driver stage 4.
Referring now to FIG. 2, pulse generator stage 1 comprises several resistance/capacitance networks 21 and 22 connected serially to an inverter 23. The output of inverter 23 is connected to an input of NAND gate 24. The output of NAND gate 24 is connected to an input of NOR gate 25. The output of NOR gate 25 is connected to level translator stage 2 and translated driver stage 3 and provides the spike reducer enabling pulse. A triggering signal, in this case labeled APU, is supplied to the first resistance/capacitance network 21 and a second input to NAND gate 24. A second signal, labeled PWRUP1* in this case, is supplied to a second input of NOR gate 25. NAND gate 24 provides a pulse to NOR gate 25 and NOR gate 25 provides an output pulse, APU.sub.-- PULSE, to level translator stage 2 when PWRUP1* is not active.
Level translator stage 2 is made up of NMOS transistor M1 which connects to (the cross-coupled transistor pair) M5 and M6 at an output terminal of transistor M5 and to the gate of a transistor M6, a terminal of transmission gate (or pass) transistor M2 and finally to a the gate of disabling driver M7. Cross-coupled transistors M5 and M6 are a pair of PMOS transistors which are connected between an external power supply labeled V.sub.CCR, and a first and second NMOS pass transistors M2 and M4 (always on by having their gates tied to high potential V.sub.CCR). A series connected enabling NMOS transistor M3 is connected between M4 and a common potential (ground). Transistor M1 has its gate connected to the PWRUP1* signal. When PWRUP1* is true, M1 turns on and places ground (a low potential compared to V.sub.CCX, or typically 0 V) on the gate of M6 which in turn drives the gate of M5 high, thus turning M5 off. M1 also places a low potential on the gate of M7 which turns M7 on, thus basically placing V.sub.CCX on its output terminal.
Translated driver stage 3 is made up of enabling NMOS transistor M8 and a pass transistor M9 that are connected serially between the output terminal of M7 and ground. The gate of transistor M8 is connected to the gate of transistor M3 and to a second terminal of M2, all of which are connected to the output terminal of NOR gate 25. When an APU.sub.-- PULSE goes true, the pulse turns on enabling transistors M3 and M8, passes through transistor M2 to disable latch transistor M6 and turns off transistor M7. During the time period that APU.sub.-- PULSE is active, transistor M3 pulls the gate of transistor M5 to ground via pass transistor M4 and thus enables transistor M5. At the same time M8 is active and (via pass transistor M9) pulls the gate of a current driver transistor M10 to ground to activate M10. Once M10 becomes active, it now supplies the necessary current from external source V.sub.CCX to an internal regulated potential source, labeled V.sub.CCR. This extra current is supplied only during the period of time that APU.sub.-- PULSE is true. The combination of level translator stage 2 and translated driver stage 3 provide the general operation of a level translator circuit.
Referring now to FIG. 3, the current driver transistor M10 is made up of a transistor having multiple input and output terminals that may be strapped together in parallel in order to provide the needed current to reduce a voltage spike when a major current draw is required from the internal circuitry of a semiconductor device. The multiple terminals are strapped with metal once the desired transistor drive is determined.
By providing additional current to the supply of an active semiconductor device, the operating speed of the given device is maintained at the cost of consuming additional power. For example, using this circuit (or any equivalents thereof) in memory devices, such as DRAMs, during the read/write cycle, the data access time of the device is maintained as the necessary current is supplied at these critical cycles.
It is to be understood that although the present invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications (such as NMOS and PMOS transistor ratios and sizing, varying circuit operating potentials or even developing a bipolar transistor version) known to those skilled in the art, may be made to the circuit presented herein without departing from the invention as recited in the several claims appended hereto.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method to reduce a regulated power source voltage spike during operation of an integrated circuit, said method comprising the steps of: producing a voltage spike reducer enabling pulse that is responsive to a pulse generator output signal, said pulse generator output signal being responsive to a pulse generator input signal that is combined with a delayed, inverted pulse generator input signal, said voltage spike reducer enabling pulse being gated by a regulated power supply; and using the voltage level of an unregulated power source to provide a measure of current to said regulated power source during the presence of said voltage spike reducer enabling pulse.
2. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said spike reducer enabling pulse is sufficient in time duration to provide sufficient current from said unregulated power source during a period of time the integrated circuit is demanding more current than said regulated power source can supply to maintain circuit speed.
3. The method as recited in claim 2, wherein said sufficient current is supplied during the read/write cycle of a dynamic random access memory.
4. The method as recited in claim 1, wherein said integrated circuit is a memory device.
5. The method as recited in claim 4, wherein said memory device is a dynamic random access memory.
6. A method to reduce a regulated power source voltage spike during operation of an integrated circuit, said method comprising the steps of: producing a voltage spike reducer enabling pulse that is responsive to a pulse generator output signal, said voltage spike reducer enabling pulse being gated by a regulated power supply; transferring the voltage level of an unregulated power source to a current source driver in response to said voltage spike reducer enabling pulse; providing a measure of current from said unregulated power source via said current source driver to said regulated power source during the presence of said voltage spike reducer enabling pulse.
7. The method as recited in claim 6, wherein said spike reducer enabling pulse is sufficient in time duration to provide sufficient current from said unregulated power source during a period of time the integrated circuit is demanding more current than said regulated power source can supply to maintain circuit speed.
8. The method as recited in claim 7, wherein said sufficient current is supplied during the read/write cycle of a dynamic random access memory.
9. The method as recited in claim 6, wherein said integrated circuit is a memory device.
10. The method as recited in claim 9, wherein said integrated circuit is a dynamic random access memory.