US 5,209,312 AGrant
Method of Collecting and Recording Refuse
Issue Date:1993-05-11
•10 Claims
•5 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A method of recording refuse in a container, where the refuse is poured into a container suspended in weighing cells on a refuse collection truck makes the weighing cells give an input to a computing device which calculates and records the weight of the refuse. The weighing container is then emptied, after which a new quantity of refuse can be weighed. For identification purposes each container is fitted with a transponder signalling to the computing device. The quantity of refuse in each container is hereby recorded thus permitting billing by quantity.
Metadata
Inventor
- Asger R. Jensen
Application Information
Application Number:US 839587&
Filing Date:1992-02-21
Priority Date:1992-02-21
Art Unit:218
Classifications
IPC:
G01G 1908B65G 6900B65F 302
Field of Search:
177414136;145;13921;408
Patent Drawings (5 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a method and an equipment for collecting refuse placed in a container standing along the road, where a refuse collection truck can stop and by means of a lift lift the container up and dump the refuse into the refuse container of the truck, after which the container is again returned to its place so that the truck may drive along to the next stop and empty another container.
2. Disclosure of the Prior Art
Examples are known of methods of determining the weight of for instance the load on a truck.
Such a weighing system is known from U.S. Ser. No. 4,638,876 where a weighing plate is suspended in spherical bearings on at least three bar-shaped strain-gauge-transducers. These weighing cells provide input to a computing device whereby the weight on the weighing plate is recorded even when weighing eccentrically loaded weights.
This known weighing method is, however, not particularly suited for the weighing of refuse which must be weighed in comparatively small amounts every time it is dumped in the body.
In order to be able to determine the weight of the contents, each container can of course be weighed on a portable scale prior to each emptying. This method is, however, not particularly expedient since it requires manual weighing and handling of each container, before their contents are emptied into the truck.
Summary of the Invention
A method of collecting and recording refuse, said refuse being placed in small containers which are lifted by means of a lift on a refuse collection truck, and said refuse being dumped from the container into the refuse container of the truck, and wherein the refuse is first led to a weighing container suspended in weighing cells in such a manner that the weight of the refuse is recorded, whereupon the refuse is discharged from the container down onto a compressor which moves the refuse into the storage chamber of the refuse container.
This makes it possible in a surprisingly simple manner to record the weight of the refuse in each container while at the same time relating the weight to a particular container.
This permits a continuous recording of the refuse and permits billing to take place on the basis of the collected quantity of refuse. First of all, this results in correct billing since each container owner will only have to pay for that quantity of refuse which he actually delivers; secondly, it permits a continuous monitoring of the quantity of refuse.
Moreover, the total quantity of refuse in the truck body is easily determined by a simple addition of the weighing results, which is of importance by the delivery of the refuse and possible recording of the weight of the delivered refuse.
The method will thus be an incentive for people to re-use or recycle, because a reduction of the quantity of refuse can be rewarded financially.
Furthermore, the method can be applied while the driver remains in the cab since the lift is remote-operable; emptying can thus be performed automatically.
In order to simplify recording, each container can according to the invention be provided with a transponder which at a given signal from a radio signal on the truck can transmit data to the computing device about the ownership of the container etc.
The suspension of the weighing container in transducers creates an input to the computing device which calculates the weight. This permits recording and weighing to happen automatically with no need for the driver to leave the cab.
To ensure a complete emptying of the weighing container, this is provided with a slide which opens an opening at the bottom, whereby the container is completely emptied after each weighing.
The slide is moved by two hydraulic cylinders so that these are automatically actuated for opening following each weighing.
In order to make sure that the weight is correctly measured, even if the refuse is unevenly distributed in the container, the container is suspended in four bar transducers, viz. two at the top of the one side and two approximately in the centre of the opposite side of the container. Hence, the sum of the four inputs from the transducers will create a reliable expression of the weight even when unevenly distributed in the container.
In order also to obtain correct measuring results when the truck is parked on sloping ground, for instance on a hill, the bearing of each transducer may be designed as spherical surfaces providing a uniform recording even if the truck leans.
The further scope of applicability of the present invention will become apparent from the detailed description given hereinafter. However, it should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating preferred embodiments of the invention, are given by way of illustration only, since various changes and modifications within the spirit and scope of the invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from this detailed description.
Brief Description of the Drawing
The present invention will become more fully understood from the detailed description given hereinbelow and the accompanying drawings which are given by way of illustration only, and thus are not limitative of the present invention and wherein:
FIG. 1 shows an example of a refuse collection truck seen from the side and parked opposite a container,
FIG. 2 shows the lift and container seen in the direction II--II in FIG. 1,
FIG. 3 shows the truck seen from the side and with a section for illustration of the compressor below the weighing container,
FIG. 4 shows the weighing container seen from above,
FIG. 5 shows the weighing container seen in the direction V--V in FIG. 4,
FIG. 6 shows a weighing cell when evenly loaded, and
FIG. 7 shows the weighing cell when unevenly loaded.
Description of a Preferred Embodiment
FIGS. 1-3 show an example of a refuse collection truck 1.
The truck is provided with a refuse container 2 in which refuse is filled, weighed and compressed.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the truck is provided with a side lift 4 which at its end has grabbers 5 grabbing around a refuse container 6 positioned on the ground and the truck is parked opposite it.
The lift 4 and the grabbers 5 are operated from the cab of the truck in such a manner that the container 6 is lifted up and tilted whereby the refuse will fall down into a weighing container 3 suspended at the top in the front part of the refuse container 2.
After emptying of the container 6, this is returned to its position on the ground.
Each container 6 is provided with an electronic transponder 7 enabling identification of each container by means of the signal transmitted by the transponder to a radio in the truck.
Identification can be recorded in a commonly known manner and be printed out on a slip which may also contain information as to the weight of the refuse, as will later be explained.
When the refuse is poured into the weighing container 3, the weight will be recorded, as will also be explained later, whereupon emptying of the container 3 will take place by the refuse falling out through an opening at the side of the container 3 down onto the compressor 9 shown in FIG. 3.
The compressor 9 comprises a bottom 11 with a vertical plunger 10, which parts by means of a hydraulic drive 12, for instance by way of double-acting hydraulic cylinders, can be moved back into the refuse container 2 thereby moving and compressing the refuse.
The bottom 11 and plunger 10 are then returned to their starting positions, as shown in FIG. 3, after which the truck is ready for the next emptying.
The weighing container 3 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 It is designed as a funnel-shaped box with two rectangular side walls 15 and 28 which meet at the bottom in a container bottom 16, and with two triangular end walls 29.
At the bottom of one side wall 28 an opening is formed which is covered by a slide plate 13 which can be displaced so that the refuse in the container can fall out through the opening.
The slide plate 13 is controlled at both sides enabling the plate to slide upwards and downwards along the side wall 28. In each side there is moreover mounted a hydraulic cylinder 14 whose stationary part is secured at the bottom at a base 17 near the bottom 16.
The moving part of the cylinder is secured to a base 18 on the slide plate 13 causing the plate 13 to slide upwards, as indicated by dash line in FIGS. 4 and 5, when the cylinders 14 are actuated.
The container 3 is suspended at four points, viz two at the top of the one side wall 29, and two at the centre of the opposite end wall 29, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5.
The suspensions 20 are shown in further detail in FIGS. 6 and 7, where they are secured to the two end walls 29 and form an outwardly protruding horizontally extending plate 20.
Instead of the shown attachment to the end walls 29, the fitting can be secured to the side walls 15 and 28, if the particular construction should call for such an arrangement.
The suspension 20 is provided with a hole in which a bolt 24 is fitted and secured underneath by a nut.
Below the bolt head a spherical body 25 is provided, as shown in FIG. 7. This spherical body 25 rests in a ball socket seat 26 designed in a bar 19 with embedded transducer.
In the bar there is a clearance 27 below the seat 26 so that the bar is free to assume various inclinations relative to the suspension 20, as shown in FIG. 7, without having any influence on the weight. These inclinations may occur when the truck 1 is parked on sloping ground.
By means of bolts 23 the opposite end of the bar is secured to a fitting 21 which is secured to side members 22, as shown in FIG. 4, or to other stationary parts on the refuse container 2 of the truck.
The transducers embedded in each bar 19 are preferably of the stain-gauge-type and are connected to a computing device in the driver's cab in a commonly known manner, where the input of the four weighing cells is monitored, and the quantity of refuse filled into the container is weighed. This permits electronic determination and printout of the weight of the refuse for each emptying.
The method will now be described.
The refuse collection truck 1 stops opposite a container 6 so that the grabbers 5 of the lift 4 can hold it. The container is then lifted, and the refuse dumped into the weighing container 3 whose side slide 13 is in its lower position, as shown in FIG. 3, whereupon the container 6 is returned to its position on the ground.
The identification of the container is then recorded by means of the transponder 7, and the weight of the refuse in the weighing container 3 is recorded by means of the downwards impact on the four weighing cells 19. Following the weighing, the container 3 is emptied, because the cylinders 14 push the side slide 13 upwards, upon which the refuse falls down into the compressor 9 which is then actuated by the hydraulic drive 12, whereby the refuse is compressed and carried to the refuse container 2.
The compressor 9 and the side slide 13 then return to their initial positions.
This makes it possible to print out a list on the refuse quantity of each container which enables billing by quantity. Accurate statistics of the quantity of refuse are also made possible in that the date and time of emptying can be recorded in a commonly known manner.
The entire method can be performed by one person, usually the driver of the refuse collection truck. The method is thus highly rational, and refuse collection becomes quick and very hygienic.
The invention being thus described, it will be obvious that the same may be the right in many ways. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and scope of the invention, and all such modifications as would be obvious to one skilled in the art are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A method of collecting and recording refuse, said refuse being placed in small containers which are lifted by means of a lift on a refuse collection truck; and the refuse is dumped from the container into a refuse container of the truck, and wherein the refuse is first led to a weighing container suspended in weighing cells in such a manner that the weight of the refuse is recorded, whereupon the refuse is discharged from the container and down onto a compressor which moves the refuse into a storage chamber of the refuse container.
2. The method as defined in claim 1, wherein each container is provided with an identification transponder and the truck is provided with a radio system for identification of the individual container, and wherein the weighing cell is a transducer which indicates the weight of the dumped refuse, and wherein for each emptying a recording takes place in the truck of the container as well as of the contained refuse weight.
3. The weighing container for use by the method as defined in claim 2, wherein the container is configured as a vessel with sides and bottom, and where one side is provided with a slide, which can be moved from the bottom and upwards so as for the refuse to be emptied out through the opening formed in the container when the slide is raised.
4. The weighing container for use by the method as defined in claim 1, wherein the container is configured as a vessel with sides and bottom, and where one side is provided with a slide, which can be moved from the bottom and upwards so as for the refuse to be emptied out through the opening formed in the container when the slide is raised.
5. The weighing container as defined in claim 4, wherein the slide is moved by means of two hydraulic cylinders which are secured partly to the container and partly to the slide.
6. The weighing container as defined in claim 5, wherein four suspension bearings are attached on the outside of the container, preferably two at the top of the one side of the container and two approximately in the centre of the opposite side of the container, and to which bearings a bar transducer, preferably of the strain-gauge-type, is secured the opposite end of which being secured to the actual refuse container in a side member or a similar stationary part.
7. The weighing container as defined in claim 5, wherein each bar transducer, preferably in the suspension side, has a spherical surface, in which a spherical body being secured to the suspension by means of a bolt can rest.
8. The weighing container as defined in claim 4, wherein four suspension bearings are attached on the outside of the container, preferably two at the top of the one side of the container and two approximately in the centre of the opposite side of the container, and to which bearings a bar transducer, preferably of the strain-gauge-type, is secured the opposite end of which being secured to the actual refuse container in a side member or a similar stationary part.
9. The weighing container as defined in claim 8, wherein each bar transducer, preferably in the suspension side, has a spherical surface, in which a spherical body being secured to the suspension by means of a bolt can rest.
10. The weighing container as defined in claim 4, wherein each bar transducer, preferably in the suspension side, has a spherical surface, in which a spherical body being secured to the suspension by means of a bolt can rest.