US 5,130,396 AGrant
Formed, Polymeric Organosiloxane Ammonium Compounds, Method of Their Preparation and Use
Issue Date:1992-07-14
•6 Claims
Abstract
Spherical, polymeric organosiloxane ammonium compounds are disclosed with a silica-like skeleton consisting of: ##STR1## units in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 stand for a group ##STR2## in which R.sup.5 is alkylene the oxygen atoms are saturated by silicon atoms of other groups (II) with the optional inclusion of cross-linking agents, R.sup.3 has the meaning of R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 or stands for hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or benzyl, R.sup.4 is hydrogen or alkyl, cycloalkyl, benzyl, allyl, propargyl, chloroethyl, hydroxyethyl or chloropropyl, X stands for a monovalent to trivalent anion of a protonic acid which forms stable salts with amine bases and x can be a number from 1 to 3.
Metadata
Assignee
- Degussa Aktiengesellschaft
Inventors
- Peter Panster
- Peter Kleinschmit
Application Information
Application Number:US 6291619
Filing Date:1990-12-19
Priority Date:1988-01-12
Art Unit:151
Classifications
IPC:
C08G 7726C08G 7910C08G 7912
Field of Search:
52835652528;30;38;99;10;425474;475
Patent Drawings
This patent does not have any drawings.
Description
DESCRIPTION OF DETAILED EMBODIMENT
Example 1
200 g of a tertiary aminosilane of the formula N((CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3).sub.3 were combined with 200 ml ethanol in a cylindrical 2-liter glass vessel with double jacket, KPG agitator on top with crescent-shaped [half-moon] agitator blade, reflux condenser and drop funnel. After heating to reflux temperature, the solution was compounded with 70 ml desalinated water and then agitated 15 min. further under reflux. The mixture was cooled down to 55.degree. C. and this temperature was maintained until gelling started. 3 minutes after the start of gelling 400 ml xylene 50.degree. C. warm were added to the developing gel. The agitation was set to 600 rpms and after a clear, viscous solution had been formed again, 400 ml desalinated water 50.degree. C. warm were added. 2 g polyethylene glycol (Mowiol 4-98) had been previously dissolved in the 400 ml water. The 2-phase system was heated to reflux temperature and agitated a further 2 hours at 600 rpms. Then, the flask contents were cooled down and the aminosiloxane N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 SiO.sub.3/2 ].sub.3, which was completely present in the form of spheres, filtered off from the liquid phase and transferred into a 2-liter steel autoclave. After the addition of 250 ml xylene, the autoclave was sealed and 100 ml methyl chloride added to the contents from a pressure receiver. The autoclave contents were heated to 130.degree. C. under slow agitation and agitated 3 hours at this temperature. The contents were then cooled down and the excess methyl chloride evaporated and recovered. The product suspension removed from the autoclave was transferred onto a filter and the solid filtered off. The solid present in the form of spheres was suspended in water to form a slurry and washed with a total of 2 liters water. The solid was dried in air at room temperature and then classified into particle sizes. A total of 112 g product of the composition:
were obtained of which 98% exhibited a particle size of 0.3-2.0 mm. According to a sample drying, the product exhibited a bulk density of 750 g/l. After having been placed in water, a so-called dry substance in relation to volume (according to DIN 54 408) of 590 g/l was calculated. The product exhibited a specific surface of 85 m.sup.2 /g a pore volume of 0.4 ml/g and a Cl- content of 10.25% (theory: 10.22%).
Example 2
100.4 g N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 ].sub.3, 99.6 g Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.4 and 200 ml ethanol were combined in a cylindrical 2-liter glass vessel with double jacket, KPG agitator, reflux condenser and drop funnel. After the addition of 70 ml water, the solution was heated to reflux temperature and agitated 25 min. at this temperature. The charge gelled after cooling down to 70.degree. C. Two minutes after the start of gelling, 375 ml warm toluene at 60.degree. C. were added and the agitation set at 700 rpms. The mixture was heated and 375 ml water added when it reached 70.degree. C. The mixture was then agitated 45 min. under reflux, then cooled down and the suspension transferred onto a filter. The liquid phase was separated and the formed product transferred into a 2-liter steel autoclave. After the addition of 300 ml toluene, the autoclave was sealed and 80 ml methyl chloride added to the contents from a pressure receiver. The autoclave contents were heated under slow agitation to 120.degree. C. and agitated 5 hours at this temperature. Then the contents were cooled down and excess methyl chloride evaporated. The solid present in the form of spheres was filtered from the liquid phase and transferred into a drying oven. It was dried there for 4 hours at first at 80.degree. C., 4 hours at 100.degree. C. and 16 hours at 130.degree. C. under an N.sub.2 atmosphere and subsequently tempered 24 hours at 180.degree. C., likewise under an N.sub.2 atmosphere. After having cooled down to room temperature, the solid was classified into its particle sizes. 97% of the total of 85.0 g product obtained exhibited a particle size between 0.1-0.8 mm.
Cl- content: 6.8% (theory: 6.7%)
Spec. surface: 456 m.sup.2 /g
Pore volume: 0.7 ml/g
Bulk density: 450 g/l
The formed, polymeric product consisting of units of the formula:
was subsequently aerated 48 hours in a column with air saturated with water vapor and then slurried in water. The product exhibited a dry substance in relation to volume (according to DIN 54 408) of 370 g/l.
Example 3
100 g of the tertiary aminosilane of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 ].sub.3 were first converted in an analogous manner to example 1 into a formed, polymeric organosiloxane amine consisting of polymer units of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 SiO.sub.3/2 ].sub.3. The essentially xylene-moist, spherical product was transferred into a 1-liter autoclave and compounded with 200 ml xylene as well as 60 g propargyl chloride. The suspension was heated under slow agitation to 130.degree. C. and agitated 5 hours at this temperature. It was then cooled off, the solid present in the form of spheres filtered from the liquid phase and then dried 2 hours at 100.degree. C. and 22 hours at 150.degree. C. 56.6 g product consisting of polymer units of the formula:
were able to be obtained. 95% of the spheres exhibited a particle size of 0.3-1.2 mm.
Cl.sup.- content: 9.35% (theory: 9.6%)
Spec. Surface area: 169 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 0.5 ml/g
Bulk density: 670 g/l
After a 48-hour aeration with moist air, the product was slurried in water.
Dry substance in relation to volume (DIN 54 408): 580 g/l
Example 4
100 g of the tertiary aminosilane of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 ].sub.3 were first converted in an analogous manner to example 1 into a formed, polymeric organosiloxane amine consisting of polymer units of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 SiO.sub.3/2 ].sub.3. The essentially xylene-moist, spherical product was transferred into a 1-liter autoclave and compounded with 130 ml xylene as well as 70 g 2-chloroethanol. The suspension was heated under slow agitation to 130.degree. C. and agitated 3 hours at this temperature. It was then cooled off and the formed material filtered from the liquid phase and transferred after a wash with ethanol to a drying oven. After 4 hours drying at 80.degree. C. and 20 hours drying at 130.degree. C. under a slight vacuum, 55.6 product were obtained with a particle size of 0.2-1.4 mm.
Cl.sup.- content: 9.80% Cl .sup.- (theory: 9.4%)
Spec. surface area: 211 m.sup.2 g
Spec. pore volume: 0.8 ml/g
Bulk density: 690 g/l
After a 48-hour aeration with moist air, the product was slurried in water.
Dry substance in relation to volume (DIN 43 408): 570 g/l.
Example 5
200 g of the tertiary aminosilane of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 ].sub.3 were first converted in an analogous manner to example 1 into a formed, polymeric organosiloxane amine consisting of polymer units of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 SiO.sub.3/2 ].sub.3. After transfer of the aminosilane to a 2-liter autoclave, it was compounded with 250 ml xylene and 130 ml isopropyl chloride. After a 6-hour reaction time at 130.degree. C. and further work-up analogously to example 4, 105.3 g polymeric product were obtained consisting of polymer units of the formula:
with a particle size of 0.3-1.4 mm.
Cl- content: 8.8% Cl-(theory: 9.45%)
Spec. surface area: 461 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 0.9 ml/g
Bulk density: 481 g/l
Dry substance in relation to volume (DIN 54 408): 412 g/l.
Example 6
100 g of a secondary aminosilane of the formula HN[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 ].sub.2, 100 ml ethanol and 150 ml octanol were combined in a cylindrical 1-liter glass vessel fitted with a double jacket, KPG agitator on top with crescent-shaped agitator blade, reflux condenser and drop funnel. The solution was heated to reflux temperature and compounded at the boiling point with 15 ml desalinated water. The mixture was agitated 15 min. under reflux and then cooled to 35.degree. C. As soon as the gelling started, 150 ml octanol were added to the mixture. After the agitation speed had been set to 500 rpms and after a homogenization of the mixture, 300 ml desalinated water were added. The mixture was then heated to reflux temperature and agitated 1 hour at this temperature. After the mixture cooled off, the solid, present in the form of spheres, and consisting of polymer units of the formula HN[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 SiO.sub.3/2 ].sub.2, was transferred to a 1-liter autoclave, compounded with 200 g octyl chloride and agitated 10 hours at 130.degree. C. The solid was then filtered from the liquid phase, washed with ethanol, then subjected for a further 24 hours to a temperature treatment in a 2% aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid (200 ml) at 100.degree. C. and then dried 4 hours at 60.degree. C. and 16 hours at 130.degree. C. 78.4 g polymeric product were obtained consisting of polymer units of the formula:
with a particle size of 0.3-1.6 mm.
Cl- content: 9.5% (theory: 10.1%)
Spec. surface area: 540 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 1.8 ml/g
Bulk density: 380 g/l
After a 48-hours aeration with moist air, the product was slurried in water.
Dry substance in relation to volume: 180 g/l.
Example 7
100 g HN[(CH.sub.2).sub.10 Si()CH.sub.3)].sub.2, 77 g Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.4, 50 ml ethanol, 25 ml H.sub.2 O and 75 ml hexanol were combined in an agitated vessel and heated to reflux temperature. The mixture was refluxed (approximately 2 hours) until gelation started. 5 minutes after the start of gelation, 150 ml warm water (70.degree. C.) in which 1 g Mowiol had previously been dissolved were added to the gel. The mixture was then agitated a further 4 hours at 600 rpms under reflux, then cooled off. The entire reaction mixture was transferred onto a filter and the solid filtered from the liquid phase and washed with ethanol. The solid present in the form of spheres was transferred to a 1-liter autoclave, compounded with 150 ml ethanol and 40 ml methyl chloride and agitated 24 hours at 120.degree. C. After further treatment analogously to example 6, 103.2 g polymeric product were obtained consisting of polymer units of the formula:
with a particle size of 0.3-2.2 mm.
Cl- content: 6.2% (theory: 6.4%)
Spec. surface area: <1 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: non-measurable
Bulk density: 630 g/l
Example 8
161.9 g N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 ].sub.3, 38.1 g (H.sub.3 C).sub.2 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5) .sub.2 and 70 ml water were combined in 200 ml ethanol. Analogously to example 2, after 15 min. reflux, gelling at 70.degree. C., addition of 320 ml xylene, 45-minute agitation at 500 rpms under reflux, transfer into a steel autoclave and quaternization with methyl iodide (150 g) as well as after drying and tempering, 148.6 g of a polymeric ammonium compound were obtained which consisted of polymer units of the formula:
Particle size: 98% between 0.3 and 1.6 mm.
I.sup.- -content: 20.6% (theory: 21.6%)
Spec. surface area: <1 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: non-measurable
Bulk density: 650 g/l
After a 48-hour aeration with moist air, the product was slurried in water.
Dry substance in relation to volume: 490 g/l.
Example 9
100 g ##STR9## 130 ml isopropanol and 30 ml water were agitated in a cylindrical 1-liter glass vessel 15 min. under reflux, then cooled to 70.degree. C. and slowly agitated further until gelling started. Immediately after the start of gelling, 250 ml 2-ethylhexanol, then 142.6 g Zr(OC.sub.4 H.sub.9).sub.4 and finally 250 ml water were added to the forming gel. After the agitation had been set to 500 rpms, the mixture was agitated 2 hours under reflux, then cooled down and the solid present in the form of spheres filtered off, extracted twice with 200 ml isopropanol each time and transferred to an autoclave. After the addition of 400 ml isopropanol and 50 ml methyl chloride, the mixture was agitated 5 hours at 130.degree. C., then cooled down and the product present in the form of spheres slurried directly in water and extracted again with water. 97.8 g product were obtained which consisted of polymer units of the formula: ##STR10## Particle size: 0.2-1.8 mm (99%) Cl- content: 6.5% (theory: 6.7%)
Spec. surface area: 286 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 0.7 ml/g
Bulk density: 562 g/l
Dry substance in relation to volume: 470 g/l.
Example 10
200 g ##STR11## 200 ml ethanol and 70 ml water were agitated in a cylindrical 2-liter glass vessel for 45 min. at first under reflux. After the mixture had cooled down to 75.degree. C., the charge gelled and 1 min. after the start of gelling 400 ml diisopropyl ether was added at first, then 134.2 g Ti(OC.sub.3 H.sub.7).sub.4 and finally 500 ml water. The mixture was then agitated 2 hours at 600 rpms under reflux, then cooled down and the product in the form of spheres filtered from the liquid phase and then compounded with 400 ml diisopropyl ether. Hydrochloric-acid gas was passed under slow agitation through this suspension at room temperature over a period of 8 hours until no more absorption by the solid was able to be observed. The suspension was then agitated 3 hours further under reflux, then cooled down and the liquid phase removed by suction. The solid present in the form of spheres and consisting of the formula: ##STR12## was washed with water and then directly used further. Particle size: 0.3-2.4 mm
Cl.sup.- content: 8.9% (theory: 8.8%)
Spec. surface area: 513 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 1.2 ml/g
Bulk density: 470 g/l
Dry substance in relation to volume: 360 g/l.
Example 11
200 g N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OCH.sub.3 .sub.3 ]).sub.3 diluted with 200 ml methanol were compounded in boiling heat with 60 ml H.sub.2 O and immediately cooled down to 50.degree. C. 500 ml 50.degree. C. warm decanol were added 30 sec. after the start of gelling. After the complete homogenization of the mixture, 97.8 Al(OCH.sub.4 H.sub.9).sub.3 were added at first and after another minute 500 ml water 50.degree. C. warm were added. The agitation was set at 500 rpms and the mixture was then agitated 2 hours under reflux temperature. The mixture was then cooled down, the solid present in the form of spheres separated from the liquid phase, washed twice with n-butanol and finally compounded with 300 ml butanol and transferred to an autoclave where 100 ml methyl chloride were added. The formed solid was agitated 4 hours at 130.degree. C. and then worked up in a manner analogous to that of example 10. 156.3 g formed product were obtained which consisted of polymer units of the formula:
Particle size: 98% between 0.1-2.2 mm
Cl.sup.- content: 8.7%
Spec. surface area: 470 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 1.3 ml/g
Bulk density: 490 g/l
Dry substance in relation to volume: 370 g/l.
Example 12
200 g ##STR13## 200 ml ethanol and 70 ml water were agitated in a cylindrical 2-liter glass vessel for 45 min. at first under reflux. After the mixture had cooled down to 70.degree. C., the charge gelled and immediately after the start of the gelling 500 ml octanol, then 79.0 g C.sub.3 H.sub.7 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 and finally 500 ml water were added. The mixture was subsequently agitated 2 hours at 600 rpms under reflux, then cooled down, the solid present in the form of spheres filtered off, extracted 3 times with 400 ml ethanol per time and dried 6 hours at 80.degree. C., 6 hours at 100.degree. C. and 12 hours at 130.degree. C. under nitrogen. After a 48-hours aeration with moist air, the product was slurried in water and then transferred into a column. The column was subsequently charged within 1 hour with 1 liter 5 % HCl solution and then washed with 2 liters water. The product, consisting of polymer units of the formula: ##STR14## was then dried 6 hours at 80.degree. C. and 12 hours at 100.degree. C. 159.3 g product were able to be obtained with a particle size of 0.3-1.4 mm.
Cl- content: 8.2%
Spec. surface area: 96 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 0.5 ml/g
Bulk density: 530 g/l
Dry substance in relation to volume: 490 g/l.
Example 13
Starting with 161.9 g N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5)].sub.3, 19.05 g (CH.sub.3).sub.2 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.2 and 26.8 g Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.4 108.7 g of a polymeric ammonium compound were obtained analogously to example 2 consisting of units of the formula:
--.multidot.0.5(CH.sub.3).sub.2 SiO .sub.2/2 .multidot.0.5Si).sub.2
Particle size distribution: 0.3-1.4 mm
Cl- content: 8.5%
Spec. surface area: 310 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 0.62 ml/g
Bulk density: 580 g/l
Dry substance in relation to volume: 480 g/l.
Example 14
200 g of a tertiary aminosilane of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 Si(OC.sub.2 H.sub.5).sub.3 ].sub.3 were converted analogously to example 1 to the aminosiloxane of the formula N[(CH.sub.2).sub.3 SiO.sub.3/1 ].sub.3. After a 4-hour drying at 88.degree. C., 4-hour drying at 100.degree. C. and 16-hour drying at 130.degree. C. under an atmosphere of N.sub.2, the product was aerated 48 hours in a column with air saturated with water vapor and then slurried in water. The column was then charged with 1 liter 3% aqueous HCl solution within 1 hour and then washed with 2 liters water. After a 4-hour drying at 30.degree. C. and a 10-hour drying at 100.degree. C., 105.6 product of the formula:
were obtained.
Particle size: 0.3-2.0 mm
Cl.sup.- content: 10.6%
Spec. surface area: 152 m.sup.2 /g
Spec. pore volume: 0.6 ml/g
bulk density: 620 g/l
Dry substance in relation to volume: 500 g/l.
Example 15
50 ml of the formed organosiloxane ammonium compound prepared in accordance with example 1 were transferred into a column and charged with 250 ml 2%; ammonia solution within 30 min. The mixture was then washed with 250 ml water and wash solution and flow [i.e. that which passed through, flowthrough] combined with each other. The amount of Cl-determined therein was 3.0 g (99.6% of theory). The ion exchanger, which was now present in the OH- form, was again converted quantitatively into the Cl-form by reaction with 100 ml 1n-HCl solution, as was able to be determined by back titration of the excess acid.
Example 16
50 ml of the formed organosiloxane ammonium compound prepared in accordance with example 1 were completely converted with 300 ml 8% NaHCO.sub.3 solution analogously to example 14 into a product consisting of polymer units of the formula:
After a 6-hour drying at 80.degree. C. and a 10-hour drying at 100.degree. C., 31.6 g were obtained.
Example 17
50 ml of the formed organosiloxane ammonium compound prepared in accordance with example 1 were transferred into a column. The column was subsequently charged within 1 hour with 1 liter solution which exhibited a chromate concentration of 10 ppm. The mixture was then washed with 200 ml water and a chromate analysis performed on the entire flow. According to this analysis, the chromate concentration was less than 0.1 ppm.
Further variations and modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing and are intended to be encompassed by the appended claims.
German priority application P 38 00 564.6-44 is relied on and incorporated herein.
Claims
We claim:
1. A spherically formed, polymeric, organosiloxane ammonium compound with silica-like skeleton, consisting of units of the general formula: ##STR15## in which R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and represent a group of the general formula: ##STR16## in which the nitrogen atoms in (I) are connected to the silicon atoms in (II) via the R.sup.5 groups and R.sup.5 represents alkylene with 1 to 10 C atoms, cycloalkylene with 5 to 8 C atoms or a unit of the general formula: ##STR17## in which n is a number from 1 to 6 and is the number of methylene groups attached to the nitrogen atom, and m is a number from 0 to 6, and the free valences of the oxygen atoms bound to the silicon atom are saturated as in silica skeletons by (a) silicon atoms of further groups of formula (II), or (b) with the metal atoms of one or more of the cross-linking binding links ##STR18## in which M is a silicon, titanium or zirconium atom and R' a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 5 C atoms and the ratio of the silicon atoms of the groups of general formula (II) to the metal atoms in the binding links is 1 : 0 to 1 : 10, or a combination of (a) and (b), and in which R.sup.3 is R.sup.1, R.sup.2, hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 20 C atoms, a cycloalkyl group containing 5 to 8 C atoms or is the benzyl group and R.sup.4 is equal to hydrogen, a linear or branched alkyl group with 1 to 20 C atoms or a cycloalkyl, benzyl, allyl, propargyl, chloroethyl, hydroxyethyl, chloropropyl group containing of 5 to 8 atoms, X is an anion and is selected from the group of halogenide, hypochlorite, sulfate, hydrogen sulfate, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate, dihydrogen phosphate, hydrogen phosphate, carbonate, hydrogen carbonate, hydroxide, chlorate, perchlorate, chromate, dichromate, cyanide, cyanate, rhodanide, sulfide, hydrogen sulfide, selenide, telluride, borate, metaborate, azide, tetrafluoroborate, tetraphenylborate, hexafluorophosphate, formate, acetate, propionate, oxalate, trifluoroacetate, tricloroacetate or benzoate, and x is an integer with a value of 1, 2 or 3 and corresponds to the valence of the anion X, wherein said polymeric compound is in the form of macroscopically spherical particles with a diameter of 0.01 to 3.0 mm, a specific surface area of up to 1000 m.sup.2 /g, a specific pore volume of 0 to 5.0 ml/g, a bulk density of 50 to 1000 g/l as well as a dry substance weight of 50 to 750 g/l.
2. The polymeric compound of claim 1 which is cross-linked such that the free valencies of the oxygen atoms are saturated with (a) and (b).
3. The formed, polymeric organosiloxane ammonium compounds according to claim 1, wherein R.sup.5 is a linear or branched alkylene group.
4. The formed, polymeric organosiloxane ammonium compounds according to claim 1, wherein R.sup.1, R.sup.2 and R.sup.3 are identical, R.sup.4 is the methyl group and X is equal to chloride, bromide or iodide.
5. The formed, polymeric organosiloxane ammonium compounds according to claim 1, consisting of units of the formula:
6. The formed, polymeric organosiloxane ammonium compounds according to claim 1, wherein said polymeric compound is in the form of macroscopically spherical particles with a diameter of 0.1 to 2.5 mm, a specific surface area of up to 700 mm.sup.2 /g, a specific pore volume of 0 to 3.0 ml/g, a bulk density of 100 to 900 g/l as well as a dry substance weight of 100 to 700 g/l.
Patent Citations (8)
Non-Patent Literature (1)
- Ullmann's Enzyklopaedie der technischen Chemie, 4th Edition, vol. 13, pp. 279-346.