US 5,096,015 AGrant
Engine Controlling System for Vehicle
Issue Date:1992-03-17
•13 Claims
•23 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
An engine controlling system for a vehicle is disclosed which is suitable for use with an automobile. When a treadled condition detection signal is developed from an accelerator pedal operated condition detector, a first control amount setting device sets a control amount of an engine output adjusting device in accordance with an operation amount detection signal. When a treadled condition cancelling detection signal is developed from the accelerator pedal operated condition detector, a second control amount setting device sets, if it receives a constant speed running designating signal from a running condition designating device in accordance with a running speed detection signal from a running speed detector, a control amount of the engine output adjusting device necessary to make the running speed of the vehicle equal to an aimed speed. However, if it receives an accelerated running designating signal from the running condition designating device, the second control amount setting device sets a control amount of the engine output adjusting device necessary for the vehicle to accomplish accelerated running.
Metadata
Assignee
- Mitsubishi Jidosha Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha
Inventors
- Katsuo Akishino
- Osamu Hirako
- Makoto Shimada
Application Information
Application Number:US 3929744
Filing Date:1989-07-20
Priority Date:1988-05-20
Art Unit:314
Classifications
IPC:
B60K 3104
Field of Search:
180364179;178;170426.04
Patent Drawings (23 sheets)
Description
Field of the Invention
This invention relates to an engine controlling system for a vehicle which is suitable for use with an automobile.
Background of the Invention
Fixed speed running means for automatically maintaining a running speed of a vehicle at a constant speed have been provided conventionally. During running of a vehicle at a constant speed by such constant speed running means, it is frequently desired to change the running speed to a different constant speed or to accelerate or decelerate the vehicle.
When the running speed of a vehicle is to be changed to another constant running speed or the vehicle is to be accelerated or decelerated during running at a constant running speed, the aimed running speed of the vehicle for constant speed running is raised or an accelerator pedal of the vehicle is treadled.
It is to be noted that, when a vehicle is running, for example, following another preceding vehicle on a road where traffic is heavy, the running speed must be changed particularly frequently (acceleration from a constant speed running condition). Therefore, here in Japan where traffic is heavy, a system for maintaining the running speed of a vehicle at a constant speed is required to have a good performance in changing the running speed from a constant speed running condition.
By the way, when the running speed of a vehicle in a constant speed running condition is to be changed or when a vehicle is to be changed from a constant speed running condition to an accelerated or decelerated running condition, it is necessary to set the acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle to a suitable value. In particular, when a driver accomplishes a manual operation to change the running speed of the vehicle, smooth changing of the running speed can be attained by operating an accelerator pedal or the like while normally perceiving the running condition of the vehicle. However, where a vehicle is to be accelerated or decelerated by automatic control of an engine, such acceleration or deceleration may not be achieved smoothly depending upon setting of acceleration or deceleration and may cause a shock or hunting, which deteriorates driving feeling of the driver.
The present invention has been made in view of such a subject as described above, and it is an object of the present invention to provide an engine controlling system for a vehicle which can attain smooth changing of the running speed of the vehicle when the running speed for a constant speed running condition is to be changed or when the vehicle is to be changed over from a constant speed running condition to an accelerated or decelerated running condition.
Disclosure of the Invention
In order to attain the object, according to the present invention, there is provided an engine controlling system for a vehicle which comprises an accelerator pedal of the vehicle, an operation amount detecting means for detecting an amount of operation of the accelerator pedal to develop an operation amount detection signal, an accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means for developing, when treadling of the accelerator pedal is detected, a treadled condition detection signal and for developing, when canceling of a treadled condition of the accelerator pedal is detected, a treadled condition canceling detection signal, an engine output adjusting means for adjusting an output power of an engine carried on the vehicle, a first control amount setting means for setting, when the treadled condition detection signal is received, a control amount of the engine output adjusting means in response to the operation amount detection signal, a running condition designating means for selecting, when the treadled condition canceling detection signal is received, one of constant speed running and accelerated running as an aimed running condition of the vehicle and for developing a constant speed running designating signal when constant speed running is selected but developing an accelerated running designating signal when accelerated running is selected, an aimed speed setting means for setting, when the constant speed running designating signal is received, an aimed speed for constant speed running of the vehicle, a running speed detecting means for detecting a running speed of the vehicle to develop a detection signal of the running speed, a second control amount setting means for setting, when the constant speed running designating signal is received, in accordance with the running speed detection signal, a control amount of the engine output adjusting means necessary to make the running speed of the vehicle equal to the aimed speed and for setting, when the accelerated running designating signal is received, a control amount of the engine output adjusting means necessary for the vehicle to make accelerated running, and an output controlling means for controlling the engine output adjusting means in accordance with the control amount set by the first control amount setting means or the second control amount setting means.
With the engine controlling system for a vehicle according to the present invention described above, the operation amount detecting means detects an amount of operation of the accelerator pedal of the vehicle and develops an operation amount detection signal, and the accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means develops, when treadling of the accelerator pedal is detected, a treadled condition detection signal and further develops, when canceling of such treadling of the accelerator pedal is detected, a treadled condition canceling detection signal. Then, when a treadled condition detection signal is developed from the accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means, the first control amount setting means sets a control amount of the engine output adjusting means in response to the operation amount detection signal. Meanwhile, when a treadled condition canceling detection signal is developed from the accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means, the running condition designating means selects either one of constant speed running and accelerated running as an aimed running condition of the vehicle, and when constant speed running is selected, the running condition designating means develops a constant speed running designating signal, but develops an accelerated running designating signal when accelerated running is selected. When a constant speed running designating signal is developed from the running condition designating means, an aimed speed for constant speed running of the vehicle is set by the aimed speed setting means. The second control amount setting means sets, when a constant speed running designating signal is developed from the running condition designating means, a control amount of the engine output adjusting means necessary to make the running speed of the vehicle equal to the aimed speed in accordance with a running speed detection signal from the running speed detecting means. To the contrary, when an accelerated running designating signal is developed from the running condition designating means, the second control amount setting means sets a control amount of the engine output adjusting means necessary for the vehicle to make accelerated running. Then, the output controlling means controls the engine output adjusting means in accordance with a control amount set by the first control amount setting means or the second control amount setting means. The engine output adjusting means adjusts the output power of the engine carried on the vehicle in accordance with the control amount thus set.
Particularly where the second control amount setting means includes a variable acceleration setting section for changing the acceleration of the vehicle in accordance with a time or the speed of the vehicle, the variation of the speed of the vehicle is moderated by setting an aimed acceleration by means of the variable acceleration setting section.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIGS. 1(i) to 1(iii) are block diagrams schematically showing construction of principal components of an engine controlling system for a vehicle to which the present invention is applied;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing general construction of the vehicle engine controlling system;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram schematically showing general construction of a treadled amount detecting section of the vehicle engine controlling system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram schematically showing general construction of a throttle valve pivoting section of the vehicle engine controlling system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is a block diagram schematically showing general construction of a speed/acceleration detecting section of the vehicle engine controlling system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a front elevational view of an automatic cruise switch of the vehicle engine controlling system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram showing an electric circuit which connects the automatic cruise switch of FIG. 6 to a control section of the vehicle engine controlling system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 8(i) is a flow chart of a main routine illustrating general operation of the vehicle engine controlling system of FIG. 2, and FIGS. 8(ii) to 8(iv) are flow charts of interrupt routines illustrating operation of the vehicle engine controlling system of FIG. 2;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of direct throttle movement control at step A117 of the main routine of FIG. 8(i);
FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation in non-direct throttle movement control at step A116 of the main routine of FIG. 8(i);
FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of acceleration mode control at step C137 of the flow of FIG. 10;
FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of automatic cruise mode control at step C144 of the flow of FIG. 10;
FIG. 13 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of changing over switch control at step E128 of the flow of FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of acceleration switch control at step E121 of the flow of FIG. 12;
FIG. 15 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of deceleration control at step E131 of the flow of FIG. 12;
FIG. 16 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of aimed speed control at step E133 of the flow of FIG. 12;
FIG. 17 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of acceleration control at step E122 of the flow of FIG. 12;
FIG. 18 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of control of determination of an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 at step J115 of the flow of FIG. 16;
FIGS. 19 to 26 are graphs illustrating relationships between parameters of a map used for control by the engine controlling system and variables read out in accordance with such parameters;
FIGS. 27(i) and 27(ii) are graphs showing exemplary changes of an aimed acceleration and a running speed with respect to a time elapsed after an acceleration switch of the vehicle engine controlling system shown in FIG. 2 is changed over to change the designation by a running condition designating section of the control section to an accelerated running;
FIG. 28 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of non-direct throttle movement control at step A116 of the flow of FIG. 8(i) but by a vehicle engine controlling system according to another embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 29 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of automatic cruise mode control at step C144 of the flow of FIG. 28; and
FIG. 30 is a flow chart illustrating details of operation of aimed speed control at step E133 of the flow of FIG. 29.
Best Forms in Embodying the Invention
In the following, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1(i) to 27 show an engine controlling system for a vehicle of a first preferred embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 28 to 30 show contents of control of another vehicle engine controlling system as a second preferred embodiment of the present invention. It is to be noted that while FIGS. 1(i) to 7 show construction of the system of the first embodiment of the present invention, they are applied also as a system of the second embodiment of the present invention.
At first, an engine controlling system for a vehicle according to the first preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1(i) to 27.
Reference is first had to FIGS. 1(i) to (iii) and 2 wherein FIGS. 1(i) to 1(iii) schematically show construction of principal components of the vehicle engine controlling system of the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 schematically shows general construction of the vehicle engine controlling system of the present embodiment.
Referring first to FIG. 1(i), the engine controlling system for a vehicle is generally denoted at 1.
The engine controlling system 1 for a vehicle includes an engine output adjusting means 7 for adjusting an output power of an engine 13 carried on a vehicle in accordance with a variable control amount. More particularly, a throttle valve pivoting section 26 and a throttle valve 31 both shown in FIG. 2 serve as the engine output adjusting means 7. It is to be noted that the variable amount here is a control amount which is delivered from a control section 25 shown in FIG. 2.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes an operation amount detecting means 80 for detecting an amount of operation of an accelerator pedal 27 of the vehicle to develop an operation amount detection signal. A treadled amount detecting section 14 shown in FIG. 2 serves as the operation amount detecting means 80.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes an accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means 81 for detecting a treadled condition of the accelerator pedal 27 to develop a treadled condition detection signal and for detecting canceling of a treadled condition of the accelerator pedal 27 to develop a treadled condition canceling detection signal. An accelerator switch 15 shown in FIG. 2 serves as the accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means 81.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes a first control amount setting means 82 for setting a control amount of the output adjusting means 7. When a treadled condition detection signal is delivered from the accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means 81, the first control amount setting means 82 sets a control amount of the output adjusting means 7 in accordance with an operation amount detection signal from the operation amount detecting means 80.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes a running condition designating means 83 which selects, when a treadled condition canceling detection signal is delivered from the accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means 81, either one of constant speed running and accelerated speed running as an aimed running condition of the vehicle and develops a constant speed running designating signal when constant speed running is selected but develops an accelerated running designating signal when accelerated running is selected.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes an aimed speed setting means 84 for setting an aimed running speed of the vehicle for constant speed running in response to a constant speed running designating signal delivered from the running condition designating means 83.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes a running speed detecting means 85 for detecting a running speed of the vehicle to develop a detection signal of the running speed. A speed/acceleration detecting section 24 shown in FIG. 2 serves as the running speed detecting means 85. The speed/acceleration detecting section 24 may be, for example, a vehicle speed sensor (not shown) provided on a transmission of the vehicle.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes a second control amount setting means 86 for setting a control amount of the output adjusting means 7. When a constant speed running designating signal is delivered from the running condition designating means 83, the second control amount setting means 86 sets, in response to a running speed detection signal from the running speed detecting means 85, a control amount of the output adjusting means 7 such that the running speed of the vehicle may be made equal to an aimed speed set by the aimed speed setting means 84. To the contrary, when an accelerated running designating signal is delivered from the running condition designating means 83, the second control amount setting means 83 sets such a control amount of the output adjusting means 7 as to be necessary for the vehicle to run in an accelerated condition.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 further includes an output controlling means 87 for controlling the output adjusting means 7 in accordance with a control amount set by the first control amount setting means 82 or the second control amount setting means 86.
It is to be noted that the setting means 82, 84 and 86 and the output controlling means 87 are provided in a control section 25 shown in FIG. 2.
Referring now to FIG. 1(ii), the first control amount setting means 82 may include an aimed acceleration setting section 88 for setting, when a treadled condition detection signal is received from the accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means 81, an aimed acceleration in accordance with an operation amount of the accelerator pedal 27 represented by an operation amount detection signal from the operation amount detecting means 80 and with a changing rate of the operation amount. The first control amount setting means 82 may further include an aimed output calculating section 89 for calculating an aimed output power of the engine 13 in accordance with an aimed acceleration set by the aimed acceleration setting section 88, and a control amount calculating section 90 for calculating a control amount of the output adjusting means 7 in accordance with an aimed engine output power calculated by the aimed output calculating section 89.
Referring to FIG. 1(iii), the second control amount setting means 86 may include a first aimed acceleration setting section 91 for setting, when a constant speed running designating signal is received from the running condition designating means 83, an aimed acceleration of the vehicle to make the running speed of the vehicle equal to an aimed speed, a second aimed acceleration setting section 92 for setting, when an accelerated running designating signal is received from the running condition designating means 83, an aimed acceleration for accelerated running of the vehicle, an aimed output setting section 93 for calculating an aimed output power of the engine 13 in accordance with an aimed acceleration set by the first aimed acceleration setting section 91 or the second aimed acceleration setting section 92, and a control amount setting section 94 for setting a control amount of the output adjusting means 7 in accordance with an aimed output power of the engine 13.
The first aimed acceleration setting section 91 has an aimed acceleration limiting section 91a for setting an aimed acceleration of the vehicle in accordance with a deviation between the running speed and an aimed speed of the vehicle to limit the aimed acceleration to a value smaller than a predetermined upper limit value. Accordingly, an aimed acceleration of the vehicle can be set in accordance with a deviation between the running speed and an aimed speed of the vehicle.
On the other hand, the second aimed acceleration setting section 92 includes a final aimed speed setting section 95 for setting, when, for example, an accelerated running designating signal is received from the running condition designating means 83, a final aimed speed of the vehicle for accelerated running, a constant acceleration setting section 9 for setting, when an accelerated running designating signal is received from the running condition designating means 83, an acceleration having a fixed value, a variable acceleration setting section 97 for setting, in accordance with a time elapsed after delivery of an accelerated running designating signal from the running condition designating means 83, an acceleration which varies toward an acceleration set by the constant acceleration setting section 96, and an aimed acceleration selecting setting section 98 for selecting that one of an acceleration set by the constant acceleration setting means 96 and another acceleration set by the variable acceleration setting section 97 which is smaller in absolute value and for setting the selected acceleration as an aimed value of an acceleration for accelerated running of the vehicle.
The variable acceleration setting section 97 includes a time responding acceleration setting section 97a for setting, in accordance with a time elapsed after delivery of an accelerated running designating signal from the running condition designating means 83, an acceleration which varies toward an acceleration set by the constant acceleration setting section 96, a speed responding acceleration setting section 97b responsive to a running speed detection signal from the running speed detecting means 85 for setting an acceleration having an absolute value which decreases as the running speed of the vehicle approaches a final aimed speed set by the final aimed speed setting section 95, and a variable acceleration selecting setting section 97c for comparing an absolute value of an acceleration set by the time responding acceleration setting section 97a and an absolute value of another acceleration set by the speed responding acceleration setting section 97b with each other to selectively set that one of the accelerations which is smaller in absolute value as an aimed acceleration. Meanwhile, the final aimed speed setting section 95 includes a manually operated section 95a which can be operated artificially, and a final aimed speed modifying section 95b for changing, when the manually operated section 95a enters a predetermined condition, a final aimed speed by a predetermined value. The final aimed speed setting section 95 can thus set an acceleration having an absolute value which decreases as the running speed of the vehicle represented by a running speed detection signal approached a final aimed speed of the vehicle.
It is to be noted that the manually operated section 95a may, for example, be an automatic cruise switch 18 shown in FIG. 2, and the automatic cruise switch 18 as the manually operated section 95a has various characteristics which will be hereinafter described. Further, the speed responding acceleration setting section 97b includes an automatic running condition changing over section 97d responsive to a running speed detection signal for automatically changing over the selection of the running condition designating means 83 from accelerated running to constant speed running when the magnitude (absolute value) of a deviation between a final aimed speed and a running speed of the vehicle represented by a running speed detection signal becomes smaller than a predetermined value.
Subsequently, the vehicle engine controlling system of the present embodiment will be described more in detail with reference to a block diagram of FIG. 2 which schematically shows general construction of the vehicle engine controlling system.
The vehicle engine controlling system 1 shown includes the treadled amount detecting section 14, the accelerator switch 15, a brake switch 16, a shift selector switch 17, the automatic cruise switch 18, a car weight detecting section 19, an intake air amount detecting section 20, an engine rotational speed detecting section 21, an output shaft rotational speed detecting section 22, a gear position detecting section 23, the speed/acceleration detecting section 24, the control section 25 for developing a control signal in accordance with input signals received from the detecting sections 19 to 24 and the switches 14 to 18, and a throttle valve pivoting section 26 for actuating a throttle valve 31 in response to a control signal received from the control section 25.
The individual components will be described below.
The treadled amount detecting section 14 is provided for detecting a treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 in order to artificially adjust the output power of the engine. The treadled amount detecting section 14 includes, as shown in FIG. 3, a potentiometer 37 responsive to the accelerator pedal 27 for developing a voltage which increases in proportion to a treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27, and an analog to digital (A-D) converter 38 for converting a value of an output voltage of the potentiometer 37 into an accelerator pedal treadled amount APS of a digital value.
The accelerator switch 15 is turned on or off in response to the accelerator pedal 27. In particular, when the accelerator pedal 27 is not treadled, the accelerator switch 15 is on, but when the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled, the accelerator switch 15 is off.
The brake switch 16 is turned on or off in response to a brake pedal 28 which is provided for artificially operating a brake (not shown) for braking the vehicle. When the brake pedal 28 is treadled, the brake switch 16 is on, and when the brake pedal 28 is not treadled, the brake switch 16 is off.
The shift selector switch 17 develops a digital signal indicative of an operating condition of an automatic transmission 32 which is artificially designated by a shift selector 29. Such operating condition of the automatic transmission 32 is one of an N range for a neutral condition, a P range for parking, a D range for driving in automatic gear change, an L range when the automatic transmission 32 is held at its low gear position, and an R range for rearward movement.
The automatic cruise switch 18 is provided for artificially designating a running condition of the vehicle. Referring to FIG. 6, the automatic cruise switch 18 includes a main lever 18a provided projectingly on a side of a steering column 49 and having functions as an acceleration switch 45 and a changing over switch 46, a throttle switch 47 mounted for sliding leftward and rightward movement in FIG. 6 on the main lever 18a, and an aimed speed changing switch 48 mounted for turning movement around the main lever 18a. The automatic cruise switch 18 will be hereinafter described in detail.
Referring back to FIG. 2, the car weight detecting section 19 is provided for detecting a weight of the vehicle in accordance with a change in relative position between a wheel and a car body, that is, a change in height of the vehicle to develop a detection value as a digital value.
The intake air amount detecting section 20 is provided for detecting an amount of air sucked into the engine 13 through an intake air path 30 to develop a detection value as a digital value.
The engine rotational speed detecting section 21 is provided on a camshaft (not shown) of the engine 13 for detecting a rotational speed of the engine 13 to develop a detection value as a digital value.
The output shaft rotational speed detecting section 22 is provided on an output shaft (not shown) of a torque converter (not shown) of the automatic transmission 32 to develop a detection value as a digital value. It is to be noted that reference numerals 33 and 34 in FIG. 2 denote a left front wheel and a right front wheel, respectively, which are driven by the engine 13 by way of the automatic transmission 32.
The gear position detecting section 23 is provided for detecting a current gear position of the automatic transmission 32 in response to a speed changing instruction signal developed from a gear shifting instructing section (not shown) provided in the automatic transmission 32 to develop a detection value as a digital value.
The speed/acceleration detecting section 24 is provided for detecting an actual running speed of the vehicle and an actual acceleration of the vehicle to develop detection values as digital values. Referring to FIG. 5, the speed/acceleration detecting section 24 includes a right rear wheel speed detecting section 42 for detecting a speed of the right rear wheel 36 to develop a detection value as a digital value, a left rear wheel speed detecting section 43 for detecting a speed of the left rear wheel 35 to develop a detection value as a digital value, and a speed/acceleration calculating section 44 for calculating an actual speed and an actual acceleration of the vehicle in accordance with digital values received from the right rear wheel speed detecting section 42 and the left rear wheel speed detecting section 43.
Referring back to FIG. 2, the control section 25 includes a running condition designating section 3, a final aimed speed setting section 6, a final aimed speed modification controlling section 6a, a constant speed controlling section 8, an acceleration controlling section 9, a deceleration controlling section 10, a final condition detecting section 11, and a running condition changing over section 12. In the control section 25, an appropriate opening of the throttle valve 31 is set by an appropriate one of the controlling sections in accordance with a designation by the running condition designating section 3. In short, if constant speed running is designated by the running condition designating section 3, then a throttle opening necessitated for required constant speed running is set by the constant speed controlling section 8. To the contrary, if accelerated running is designated, then a throttle opening necessitated for required accelerated running is set by the acceleration controlling section 9, but on the contrary if decelerated running is designated, then a throttle opening necessitated for required decelerated running is set by the deceleration controlling section 10. The magnitude of a throttle opening set in this manner is delivered as a digital signal to the throttle valve pivoting section 26.
It is to be noted that the running condition designating section 3 designates one of a constant speed running condition, an accelerated running condition and a decelerated running condition when some manually operable means provided in a vehicle room such as the accelerator pedal 27, brake pedal 28, shift selector 29 and automatic cruise switch 18 is manually operated while the transmission (automatic transmission) 32 is in a condition wherein it can transmit an output power of the engine 13 to the driving wheels 33 and 34 and the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 are both in their released condition. In short, when all of such manually operable means meet requirements for the vehicle to make constant speed running, a constant speed running condition is designated by the running condition designating section 3; when they meet requirements for the vehicle to make accelerated running, an accelerated running condition is designated; and when they meet requirements for the vehicle to make decelerated running, a decelerated running condition is designated.
The aimed acceleration setting section 4 sets an aimed value of an acceleration for accelerated running when accelerated running is designated by the running condition designating section 3 but sets an aimed value of a deceleration for decelerated running when decelerated running is designated. Setting by the aimed acceleration setting section 4 is effected such that the aimed acceleration may be modified in response to a change in speed of the vehicle.
The final aimed speed setting section 6 sets, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 is changed over to accelerated running, a running speed at which the vehicle is to run after acceleration. To the contrary, when the designation is changed over to decelerated running, the final aimed speed setting section 6 sets a running speed at which the vehicle is to run after deceleration.
The constant speed controlling section 8 sets, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 is constant speed running, a control amount of the engine output adjusting means 7 to adjust the output power of the engine 13 so that the vehicle may maintain constant speed running at a predetermined constant speed. The constant speed controlling section 8 makes part of the output controlling means 87 (refer to FIG. 1(i)).
The acceleration controlling section 9 sets, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 is accelerated running, a control amount of the engine output adjusting means 7 to adjust the output power of the engine 13 so that the vehicle may maintain accelerated running at an acceleration which is set by the aimed acceleration setting section 4. The acceleration controlling section 9 makes part of the output controlling means 87 (refer to FIG. 1(i)).
The deceleration controlling section 10 sets, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 is decelerated running, a control amount of the engine output adjusting means 7 to adjust the output power of the engine 13 so that the vehicle may maintain decelerated running at a deceleration which is set by the aimed acceleration setting section 4. The deceleration controlling section 10 makes part of the output controlling means 87 (refer to FIG. 1(i)).
The final condition detecting means 11 detects, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 is either accelerated running or decelerated running, that the running speed of the vehicle detected by the speed detecting section 5 reaches a final aimed speed.
The running condition changing over section 12 changes over designation of a running condition by the running condition setting section 3 when it is detected by the final condition detecting section 11 that a final aimed speed is reached.
The throttle valve pivoting section 26 pivots the throttle valve 31 so that the throttle valve 31 may assume a throttle opening set by the control section 25. Referring to FIG. 4, the throttle valve pivoting section 26 includes an actuator driving section 39 responsive to a signal from the control section 25 for developing a driving signal for pivoting the throttle valve 31 to a set opening, a throttle valve actuator 40 for pivoting the throttle valve 31 in response to a signal from the actuator driving section 39, and a throttle valve opening detecting section 41 for detecting an opening of the throttle valve 31 pivoted by the throttle valve actuator 40 and for feeding the detection value of the opening as a digital value to the actuator driving section 39. It is to be noted that the throttle valve actuator 40 may be an electric motor such as a stepper motor.
The throttle valve 31 is mounted for pivotal motion in the intake air path 30. The throttle valve 31 is thus adjusted to a suitable angular position to open or close the intake air path 30 (adjust the opening) to adjust the intake air amount to the engine 13.
Here, the automatic cruise switch 18 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 6.
The acceleration switch 45 is changed over by pivoting the main lever 18a around the steering column 49. Here, the acceleration switch 45 can be changed over between such four positions , , and as shown in FIG. 6 and presents an on-state at each of the four positions. When the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , the vehicle is controlled to run at a designated speed in a constant speed running condition, but when the acceleration switch 45 is at one of the other positions , and , the vehicle is controlled to run at an individual aimed acceleration in an accelerated running condition. As the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to .fwdarw. .fwdarw. , the value of the aimed acceleration increases, and at the position , the vehicle is controlled to run at a comparatively low acceleration; at the position , the vehicle is controlled to run at a medium acceleration; and at the position , the vehicle is controlled to run at a comparatively high acceleration.
The changing over switch 46 is turned on by pulling the main lever 18a forwardly to change over a running condition of the vehicle in accordance with a position of the acceleration switch 45. If the hand is released from the main lever 18a after such changing over is made, the lever 18a is automatically returned to its initial position.
For example, when the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , the running condition of the vehicle is changed over between constant speed running and decelerated running by the changing over switch 46. In short, if the changing over switch 46 is operated when the acceleration switch 45 is at the position and the vehicle is running at a constant speed, then the running condition of the vehicle is changed over from constant speed running to decelerated running. On the contrary, if the changing over switch 46 is operated when the acceleration switch 45 is at the position and the vehicle is running in deceleration, the running condition is changed over from decelerated running to constant speed running.
To the contrary, when the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , or , the running condition of the vehicle is changed over between accelerated running and constant speed running by the changing over switch 46. In short, if the changing over switch 46 is operated when the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , or and the vehicle is running in acceleration, the running condition is changed over from accelerated running to constant speed running. To the contrary, if the changing over switch 46 is operated when the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , or and the vehicle is running at a constant speed, the running condition is changed over from constant speed running to accelerated running.
Further, the final aimed speed can be changed by the changing over switch 46. In particular, if the changing over switch 46 is turned and then kept on in order to change over the running condition of the vehicle from constant speed running to accelerated running, the final aimed speed is increased in proportion to the duration of the on-state of the changing over switch 46. To the contrary, if the changing over switch 46 is turned and then kept on in order to change over the running condition from constant speed running to decelerated running, the final aimed speed is decreased in proportion to the duration of the on-state of the changing over switch 46.
The throttle switch 47 is provided for changing contents of control over the throttle valve 31 in accordance with a condition of the accelerator pedal 27 or the brake pedal 28. The throttle switch 47 is changed over between three positions , and and presents an on-state at each of the three positions.
When the throttle switch 47 is at the position , control is effected in such a relationship wherein the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 are mechanically coupled directly to each other. Thus, the throttle valve 31 is adjusted in proportion to movement of the accelerator pedal 27.
To the contrary, when the throttle switch 47 is at the position or , the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 do not present a mechanically directly coupled condition and are controlled in the following manner.
In short, when the throttle switch 47 is at the position , if the brake pedal 28 is treadled to effect deceleration and then released, such control is effected till subsequent treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 that the throttle valve 31 may maintain a minimum opening thereof corresponding to an idling position of the engine 13.
When the throttle switch 47 is at the position , if the brake pedal 28 is treadled to effect deceleration and then released, such control of opening of the throttle valve 31 is executed until either the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled subsequently or the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is manually operated to designate accelerated running or decelerated running that the speed of the vehicle upon releasing of the brake pedal 28 may be maintained to make constant speed running of the vehicle except when the vehicle during running is to be stopped.
The aimed speed changing over switch 48 is provided for modifying a set value of an aimed speed for constant speed running of the vehicle. The aimed speed changing over switch 48 is turned on when it is turned upwardly (in the direction indicated by the mark (+) in FIG. 6) or downwardly (in the direction indicated by the mark (-) in FIG. 6), and if the hand is released from the switch 48 after such changing over is completed, then the switch 48 is automatically returned to its initial position (a neutral position shown in FIG. 6) at which it presents an off-state. If the aimed speed changing over switch 48 is operated to an on-state on the (+) side, the final aimed speed is increased in proportion to the duration of the on-state. To the contrary, if the aimed speed changing over switch 48 is operated to an on-state on the (-) side, the final aimed speed is decreased in proportion to the duration of the on-state. Thus, if the aimed speed changing over switch 48 is turned to increase or decrease the final aimed speed and then the hand is released from the switch 48, the final aimed speed is set to a value at a point of time when the hand is released.
It is to be noted that an electric circuit of a connecting portion between the automatic cruise switch 18 and the control section 25 has such a construction as shown in FIG. 7.
Referring to FIG. 7, the control section 25 includes a plurality of buffers BU1 to BU10 at which it receives signals, and a plurality of pull-up resistors R1 to R10 provided on the input sides of the buffers BU1 to BU10, respectively. The pull-up resistors R1 to R10 are connected in parallel to each other to a power source 50 for the buffers BU1 to BU10.
Different contacts of the acceleration switch 45, changing over switch 46, throttle switch 47 and aimed speed changing switch 48 which constitute the automatic cruise switch 18 are individually connected to input terminals of the buffers BU1 to BU10.
It is to be noted that the marks to applied to the individual contacts of the acceleration switch 45 in FIG. 7 correspond to the positions to shown in FIG. 6, respectively, and the contact (ON) of the changing over switch 46 is a contact which makes when the main lever 18a is pulled forwardly to an on position. Meanwhile, the marks to applied to the individual contacts of the throttle switch 47 correspond to the positions to in FIG. 6, respectively, and the marks (+) and (-) applied to the individual contacts of the aimed speed changing switch 48 are contacts which make when the aimed speed changing switch 48 is manually operated to turn to the (+) side or the (-) side in FIG. 6, respectively.
At the input terminals of those ones of the buffers BU1 to BU10 which are connected to those contacts of the switches which are in an on-state, electric current flows from the power source 50 for the buffers BU1 to BU10 to the pull-up resistors R1 to R10 connected to the input terminals. Consequently, a low level digital signal is provided to each of those buffers connected to the contacts which are in an on-state. Meanwhile, a high level digital signal is provided to each of those buffers connected to the other contacts which are in an off-state.
Accordingly, when the contacts are, for example, in such a connecting condition as shown in FIG. 7, a low level digital signal is supplied to the input terminals of the buffers BU1 and BU7 of the control section 25 while a high level digital signal is supplied to the input terminals of the buffers BU2 to BU6 and BU8 to BU10.
Contents of control by the engine controlling device 1 will be described in detail below.
FIGS. 8(i) to 18 are flow charts illustrating contents of control by the engine controlling device, and FIG. 8(i) is a main flow chart illustrating contents of main operation of the present control. While the control is executed in accordance with the main flow chart, it is periodically interrupted by such interrupt controls as illustrated in FIGS. 8(ii) to 8(iv).
FIG. 8(ii) is a flow chart illustrating contents of interrupt control (hereinafter referred to as first interrupt control) which is executed preferentially by an interrupt for each 50 milliseconds while the main control shown in FIG. 8(i) is being executed and which is executed in response to a counter CAPCNG.
FIG. 8(iii) is a flow chart illustrating contents of interrupt control (hereinafter referred to as second interrupt control) which is executed preferentially by an interrupt for each 10 milliseconds similarly during execution of the main control shown in FIG. 8(i) in order to find out, in response to an accelerator pedal treadled amount APS detected by the treadled amount detecting section 11, a changing rate DAPS of the treadled amount APS.
FIG. 8(iv) is a flow chart illustrating contents of interrupt control (hereinafter referred to as third interrupt control) which is executed preferentially by an interrupt for each 65 milliseconds similarly during execution of the main control shown in FIG. 8(i) in order to find out an actual speed VA and an actual acceleration DVA of the vehicle in accordance with a right rear wheel speed VARR detected by the right rear wheel speed detecting section 42 of the speed/acceleration detecting section 24 and a left rear wheel speed VARL detected by the left rear wheel speed detecting section 43. The control is executed by the speed/acceleration calculating section 44.
While control of various contents is executed in the main control shown in FIG. 8(i), details of contents of the control are illustrated in FIGS. 9 to 18.
FIG. 9 is a flow chart illustrating details of control of direct throttle movement executed at step A117 of FIG. 8(i). The direct throttle movement control is control of the engine 13 by control of the throttle valve 31 by way of the accelerator pedal 27 in such a relationship that the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 are mechanically coupled directly to each other.
FIG. 10 is a flow chart illustrating details of control of non-direct throttle movement executed at step A116 of FIG. 8(i). The non-direct throttle movement control is control of the engine 13 by control of the throttle valve 31 in such a manner that the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 do not always have a mechanically directly coupled relationship.
FIG. 11 is a flow chart illustrating details of accelerator mode control executed at step C137 of FIG. 10. The accelerator mode control is control of the engine 13 by determining an aimed acceleration of the vehicle in accordance with an accelerator pedal treadled amount APS detected by the treadled amount detecting section 14, an accelerator pedal treadled amount changing rate DAPS calculated by the controlling section 22 in accordance with the treadled amount APS and a value of the counter CAPCNG and by pivoting the throttle valve 31 so as to obtain an output power of the engine 13 with which the aimed acceleration will be attained.
FIG. 12 is a flow chart illustrating details of automatic cruise mode control executed at step C144 of FIG. 10. The automatic cruise mode control is control of the engine 13 to place the vehicle into an accelerated running condition, a decelerated running condition or a constant speed running condition by setting an opening of the throttle valve 31 by the acceleration controlling section 9, the deceleration controlling section 10 or the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25 in accordance with information from the detecting sections 14 and 19 to 24 and the switches 15 to 18 of FIG. 2 when the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 are not in a treadled condition and by pivoting the throttle valve 31 by the throttle valve pivoting section 26.
FIG. 13 is a flow chart illustrating details of changing over switch control executed at step E128 of FIG. 12. The changing over switch control is executed in relation to designation of a running condition of the vehicle by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25, to changing over by the changing over switch 46 and the running condition changing over section 12 of the control section 25, to setting of a final aimed speed by the final aimed speed setting section 6 of the control section 25 and also to modification of the final aimed speed by the final aimed speed modification controlling section 6a of the control section 25.
FIG. 14 is a flow chart illustrating details of acceleration switch control executed at step E121 of FIG. 12. The acceleration switch control is control of setting of an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 which is executed, when the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to one of the positions to in FIG. 6, in accordance with the thus changed over position of the acceleration switch 45 by the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25. The aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 is an aimed value of an acceleration which becomes fixed after the vehicle starts acceleration as a result of operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 to change over the designation of the running condition designating section 3 of the controlling section to accelerated running.
FIG. 15 is a flow chart illustrating details of deceleration control executed at step E131 of FIG. 12. The deceleration control is such control that, when the designation of the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to decelerated running by operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46, decelerated running may be effected at a deceleration which can be realized and is nearest to a negative aimed acceleration (that is, an aimed deceleration) set by the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25. The deceleration control is executed mainly by the deceleration controlling section 10 and the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25.
FIG. 16 is a flow chart illustrating details of aimed speed control executed at step E133 of FIG. 12. The aimed speed control is executed in order to attain, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running by operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 or the like, constant speed running wherein the running speed of the vehicle is maintained at an equal value to the running speed at a point of time when the designation is changed over to constant speed running and in order to modify the aimed value of a running speed for aimed constant speed running by means of the aimed speed changing switch 48. The aimed speed control is executed mainly by the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25.
FIG. 17 is a flow chart illustrating details of acceleration control executed at step E122 of FIG. 12. The acceleration control is control which is executed in order to make a change (increase or decrease) in acceleration smooth. For example, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to accelerated running by operation of the the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46, an increase or decrease in acceleration of the vehicle to an aimed acceleration set by the aimed acceleration setting section 6 of the control section 25 in accordance with the position of the acceleration switch 45 is made smooth, or a change in acceleration when the running speed of the vehicle reaches, as a result of accelerated running, a final aimed speed set by the final aimed speed setting section 6 and the final aimed speed modification controlling section 6a of the control section 25 is made smooth.
FIG. 18 is a flow chart illustrating details of control of determination of an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 executed at step J115 of FIG. 16. The aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 is an aimed value of an acceleration of the vehicle for maintaining the running speed of the vehicle at a value equal to an aimed speed when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is constant speed running.
FIGS. 19 to 26 are graphs illustrating relationships between parameters of maps used for control by the engine controlling system 1 and variables read out in accordance with the parameters.
FIGS. 27(i) and 27(ii) are graphs showing exemplary changes of an aimed acceleration and a running speed with respect to an interval of time elapsed after the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to change the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 to accelerated running.
Operation of the engine controlling system 1 having such a construction as described hereinabove will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1(i) to 27(ii).
At first, if an ignition switch (not shown) of the vehicle is turned on to start the engine 13, a crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 13 starts to be rotated by a starter motor (not shown), and an amount of fuel necessary for starting of the engine 13 determined by a fuel controlling device (not shown) is supplied into the engine 13 by a fuel injection device (not shown). Meanwhile, fuel is ignited by an ignition device (not shown) at a timing determined by an ignition timing controlling device (not shown). Consequently, the engine 13 starts its operation by itself.
Simultaneously, a power source is connected to the engine controlling system 1 to start control of the engine 13 in accordance with the flow charts shown in FIGS. 8(i) to 18.
The control will be described in detail below.
At first at step A101 of FIG. 8(i), various variables, flags, timers and counters which are used in the control are all reset so that they may have a value of zero, and then the sequence advances to step A102.
In this instance, in preference to the control of the main flow shown at steps A101 to A117 of FIG. 8(i), the first, second and third interrupt controls are executed. The first interrupt control is executed for each 50 milliseconds in accordance with the flow chart of steps A118 to A120 of FIG. 8(ii). The second interrupt control is executed for each 10 milliseconds in accordance with the flow chart of steps A121 to A122 of FIG. 8(iii). The third interrupt control is executed for each 65 milliseconds in accordance with the flow chart of steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv).
Among the interrupt controls, the first interrupt control is executed by the control section 25 and is an interrupt control entered in response to the counter CAPCNG as mentioned hereinabove. In short, at a time directly after control by the engine controlling system 1 is started, the value of the counter CAPCNG is 0 as a result of resetting at step A101, and accordingly, if the counter CAPCNG is incremented by one at step A118, then the value of the counter CAPCNG will be 1. As a result, the requirement of CAPCNG=1 at subsequent step A119 is met, and consequently the sequence advances to step A120. At step A120, the counter CAPCNG is decremented by one and now has a value equal to 0.
Then, when the first interrupt control is started again after lapse of 50 milliseconds, the value of the counter CAPCNG is 0 similarly as at the time of starting of the preceding execution of the first interrupt control as described above. Accordingly, contents of the control for the present time will be quite the same as those of the first interrupt control for the preceding time, and consequently, the counter CAPCNG will have a value equal to 0 again when the first interrupt control for the present time is completed. In short, unless the counter CAPCNG is set to a value other than zero at any step of the control of the main flow, the first interrupt control which is executed for each 50 milliseconds is repeated with the quite same contents, and the resulted value of the counter CAPCNG always remains 0.
The second interrupt routine is executed by the control section 25. Here in the second interrupt control, a changing rate DAPS of an accelerator pedal treadled amount APS detected by the treadled amount detecting section 14 is found out in response to such treadled amount APS. It is to be noted that the value of an accelerator pedal treadled amount APS is a value which is obtained by converting a voltage, which is developed from the potentiometer 37 of the treadled amount detecting section 14 interlocked with the accelerator pedal 27 and increases in proportion to a treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27, into a digital value by the analog to digital converting section 38 of the treadled amount detecting section 14.
In the second interrupt control, an accelerator pedal treadled amount APS is read in at step A121, and then at step A122, a difference between the value APS thus read in and another accelerator pedal treadled amount APS' which was read in 100 milliseconds ago in a similar manner and stored in the control section 25, that is, .vertline.APS-APS'.vertline., is calculated as a value DAPS. Since the interrupt control is repeated for each 10 milliseconds, the values APS, APS' and DAPS are updated for each 10 milliseconds.
The third interrupt control is executed by the speed/acceleration detecting section 24 to calculate an actual speed VA and an actual acceleration DVA.
After starting of the third interrupt control, at first at step A123, a wheel speed of the right rear wheel 36 detected by the right rear wheel speed detecting section 42 is read in as VARR, and then at step A124, a wheel speed of the left rear wheel 35 detected by the left rear wheel speed detecting section 43 is read in as VARL. Then at step A125, an average of the values VARR and VARL is calculated and stored as an actual speed VA of the vehicle. Subsequently at step A126, a variation of the actual speed VA calculated at step A125 from another actual speed VA' which was calculated and stored in a similar manner in the preceding interrupt control executed 90 milliseconds before the present interrupt control, that is, VA-VA', is calculated as an actual acceleration DVS.sub.65. Then at step A127, a variation of an average value VAA between VA and VA' from an average value VAA' between VA' and a further actual speed VA" which had been calculated and stored in a similar manner in the further preceding interrupt control executed further 390 milliseconds before the interrupt control in which VA' was calculated, that is, VAA-VAA', is calculated and stored as an actual acceleration DVA.sub.130. Further at step A128, an average of the actual acceleration DVA.sub.130 calculated at step A127 and four latest actual accelerations DVA.sub.130 calculated in a similar manner in the preceding interrupt controls is calculated as an actual acceleration DVA.sub.850.
The values VA, VA', VA", VAA, VAA', DVA.sub.65, DVA.sub.130 and DVA.sub.850 calculated in this manner are updated for each 65 milliseconds because the third interrupt control is executed for each 65 milliseconds.
Since the value DVA.sub.65 among the actual accelerations is calculated in accordance with the two actual speeds VA and VA' as described above, the follow-up performance to an actual change in acceleration of the vehicle is at the highest, but, the influence when an error of an actual speed is increased by a disturbance or the like is great and accordingly the stability is low. To the contrary, since the value DVA.sub.850 is calculated from five actual accelerations DVA.sub.130 which are each calculated in accordance with three actual speeds VA, VA' and VA" as described above, the influence of a disturbance is small and the stability is high contrary to the value DVA.sub.65, but the follow-up performance is low. On the other hand, the value DVA.sub.130 has an intermediate stability and an intermediate follow-up performance between the values DVA.sub.65 and DVA.sub.850.
In the meantime, in the main flow of steps A101 to A117 of FIG. 8(i), at step A102 subsequent to step A101, a timer TMB for determining a timing of opening or closing of the throttle valve 31 starts its counting operation of time, and then the sequence advances to step A103.
At step A103, various data are read in which include the actual speed VA, actual accelerations DVA.sub.65, DVA.sub.130 and DVA.sub.850 all calculated in the third interrupt control of steps A123 to A128 by the speed/acceleration detecting section 24, the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS detected by the treadled amount detecting section 14, the changing rate DAPS of the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS calculated by the control section 25 in the interrupt control of steps A121 to A122, the intake air amount AE detected by the intake air amount detecting section 20, the engine rotational speed N.sub.E detected by the engine rotational speed detecting section 21, the car weight W detected by the car weight detecting section 19, and the rotational speed N.sub.D of a torque converter output shaft (not shown) of the automatic transmission 32 detected by the output shaft rotational speed detecting section 22. Simultaneously, contact information of the switches including the accelerator switch 15, brake switch 16, shift selector switch 17, and acceleration switch 45, changing over switch 46, throttle switch 47 and aimed speed changing switch 48 of the automatic cruise switch 18 and information of the current gear position of the automatic transmission 32 detected by the gear position detecting section 23 are read in.
Subsequently at step A104, it is judged whether or not the value of a flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.4 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that constant speed running should be designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25. Thus, at step A104, it is judged, when a constant speed running condition is to be designated, that the flag I.sub.4 is not equal to 1 (I.sub.4 .noteq.1), and then the sequence advances to step A105. On the contrary, when a constant speed running condition is not to be designated, it is judged that the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1 (I.sub.4 =1), and then the sequence advances to step A107.
At step A105, it is judged whether or not another flag I.sub.8 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.8 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that control after the speed of the vehicle has become substantially equal to an aimed speed for constant speed running should be executed in the aimed speed control at step E133 of FIG. 12 which will be hereinafter described. When it is judged at step A105 that the flag I.sub.8 is equal to 1 (I.sub.8 =1), the sequence advances to step A107, but on the contrary when I.sub.8 =1 is not judged, the sequence advances to step A106.
At step A106, a preset fixed value T.sub.K is designated as a cycle t.sub.K2 in which the throttle valve 31 is to be opened and closed.
At step A107, a cycle t.sub.K2 is defined by a product of an inverse number of the engine rotational speed N.sub.E read in at step A103 and a coefficient .alpha. of a preset fixed value. Accordingly, if constant speed running is designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve is performed in a cycle which decreases as the rotational speed of the engine 13 increases until the speed of the vehicle reaches an aimed car speed in the aimed speed control, and when control is to be executed after the speed of the vehicle has become substantially equal to the aimed speed, the throttle valve 31 is opened and closed in the fixed cycle.
At step A108 to which the sequence advances from step A106 or A107, the cycle t.sub.K2 is compared with an interval of time counted by the timer TMB to judge whether t.sub.TMB >t.sub.K2 or not. Then, in case t.sub.TMB >t.sub.K2 is judged, the sequence advances to step A109, but on the contrary if t.sub.TMB >t.sub.K2 is not judged, the sequence advances to step A112.
In case t.sub.TMB >t.sub.K2, the present control cycle falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed. Thus, at step A109, the timer TMB is reset to change the value t.sub.TMB to zero in order to enable determination of a timing for subsequent next opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, and then at step A110, counting of time by the timer TMB is started again, whereafter a flag I.sub.11 is changed to 1 at step A111. The flag I.sub.11 indicates, when it assumes a value of 1, that opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed in the present control cycle after counting of time by the timer TMB has been started again at step A110.
To the contrary, in case t.sub.TMB >t.sub.K2 is not judged at step A108, the present control cycle does not fall on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed, and consequently, the value of the flag I.sub.11 is changed to 0 at step A112.
At step A113 to which the sequence advances from step A111 or step A112, it is judged in accordance with the contact information of the shift selector switch 17 read in at step A103 whether or not the shift selector 29 is at the position for the D range. In case it is judged that the shift selector 29 is at the position for the D range, the sequence advances to step A114, but on the contrary if it is judged that the shift selector 29 is at any position other than the position for the D range, the sequence advances to step A117 at which direct throttle movement control is executed because complicated control depending upon a running condition of the vehicle and so on is unnecessary.
When the sequence advances to step A114, it is judged whether or not the throttle switch 47 of the automatic cruise switch 18 is positioned at the position shown in FIG. 6. In case the throttle switch 47 is at the position , the sequence advances to step A117 at which direct throttle movement control is executed wherein the throttle valve 31 is operated in such a manner that the throttle valve 31 is mechanically coupled directly to the accelerator pedal 27.
On the contrary, if it is judged at step A114 that the the throttle switch 47 is not at the position , the sequence advances to step A115. At step A115, it is judged whether or not the engine rotational speed N.sub.E read in at step A103 is smaller than a preset reference value N.sub.K (N.sub.E <N.sub.K) which is set a little lower than a rotational speed during idling after completion of warming up of the engine 13. Then, in case N.sub.E <N.sub.K is judged, the sequence advances to step A117 in order to execute direct throttle movement control, but if N.sub.E <N.sub.K is not judged, then the sequence advances to step A116 in order to execute non-direct throttle movement control.
Accordingly, while the rotational speed of the engine 13 rises from an engine halt condition to a rotational speed in a normal condition upon starting of the engine 13, or when the running condition of the engine 13 becomes unstable by some causes so that the engine rotational speed is lowered, the throttle valve 31 operates only in accordance with movement of the accelerator pedal 27 to control the engine 13.
The control cycle for the present time is completed with completion of the non-direct throttle movement control at step A116 or the direct throttle movement control at step A117, and the sequence thus returns to step A103 in order to repeat the control of the steps A103 to A116 or A117 described above. Accordingly, in each control cycle, various detection values and contact information are read in and updated at step A103, and such control as described above is executed in accordance with the detection values and contact information.
Subsequently, the direct throttle movement control at step A117 of FIG. 8(i) will be described in detail. The direct throttle movement control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown in FIG. 9.
Referring to FIG. 9, at first at step B101, a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.THD corresponding to the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out from a map #MAPS shown in FIG. 19 using the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS as a parameter, and then the sequence advances to step B102.
At step B102, it is judged whether or not the flag I.sub.11 mentioned hereinabove is equal to 1. In case I.sub.11 =1 is judged, this indicates that the present control cycle falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed. Accordingly, the sequence advances to step B103 at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is performed, thereby completing the direct throttle movement control for the present control cycle. To the contrary, in case I.sub.11 =1 is not judged at step B102, this indicates that the present control cycle does not fall on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed, and accordingly, the direct throttle movement control for the present control cycle is completed without executing any further operation.
At step B103, a signal indicative of the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.THD read out at step B101 is delivered from the control section 25 to the throttle valve pivoting section 26. The throttle valve pivoting section 26 receives such signal at the actuator driving section 39 thereof and delivers a driving signal to the throttle valve actuator 40 to pivot the throttle valve 31 to a position at which the throttle valve opening presents a value equal to .theta..sub.THD. The throttle valve actuator 40 thus pivots the throttle valve 31 in response to such driving signal.
In this instance, the opening of the throttle valve 31 is detected by the throttle valve opening detecting section 41, and results of the detection are fed back to the actuator driving section 39. Thus, in response to the detection results, the actuator driving section 39 continuously delivers a pivotally driving signal for the throttle valve 31 for changing the throttle valve opening toward the value .theta..sub.THD. When it is detected by the throttle valve opening detecting section 41 that the throttle valve 31 has been pivoted to such position, the actuator driving section 39 stops delivery of the driving signal in response to such detection results. Consequently, the throttle valve 31 is stopped at the position at which the throttle valve opening is equal to the value .theta..sub.THD.
In the direct throttle movement control, the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.THD is determined only depending upon a threadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 as described above. Meanwhile, the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.THD and the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS have such a proportional mutual relationship as shown in FIG. 19. Accordingly, the throttle valve 31 is moved in accordance with movement of the accelerator pedal 27 in such a condition that the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 are mechanically coupled directly to each other.
It is to be noted that, when the throttle valve 31 operates in this manner to open or close the intake air path 30, the amount of air sucked into the engine 13 is changed, and consequently, the amount of fuel supply to the engine 13 which is determined by a fuel controlling device (not shown) in accordance with the amount of air detected by the intake air amount detecting section 20 and also with a running condition of the engine 13 is changed. As a result, the amount of fuel actually injected into the intake air path 30 by a fuel injection device (not shown) is changed, and consequently, the output power of the engine 13 is changed.
Subsequently, the non-direct throttle movement control at step A116 of FIG. 8(i) will be described. The non-direct throttle movement control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown in FIG. 10.
Referring to FIG. 10, at first at step C101, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the contact of the brake switch 16 is in an on-state.
In this instance, in case the brake pedal 28 is in a treadled condition in order to brake the vehicle, the contact of the brake switch 16 is in an on-state at step C101, and consequently the sequence advances to step C102. To the contrary, if the brake pedal 28 is not in a treadled condition, the contact of the brake switch 16 is not in an on-state, and consequently the sequence advances to step C113. Accordingly, control of different contents is executed whether the brake pedal 28 is in a treadled condition or not.
At step C102 to which the sequence advances from step C101 at which it is judged that the brake pedal 28 is in a treadled condition, a flag F.sub.7 is reset to 0. The flag I.sub.7 indicates, when it assume a value of 0, that the brake pedal 28 was in a treadled condition in the preceding control cycle. Then at step C103, it is judged whether or not the value of another flag I.sub.2 is equal to 1.
The flag I.sub.2 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that, when the brake pedal 28 was treadled to decelerate the vehicle by means of a brake (not shown), a quick braking condition wherein the deceleration is greater than a reference value has continued for an interval of time longer than a reference interval of time. It is to be noted that the reference value and the reference interval of time are set in advance.
In case it is judged at step C103 that I.sub.2 =1, the sequence advances directly to step C112 which will be hereinafter described, but on the contrary if it is not judged that I.sub.2 =1, the sequence advances to step C104.
At step C104 to which the sequence advances from step C103, it is judged whether or not the actual acceleration DVA.sub.130 read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is smaller than a preset negative reference value K.sub.2 (DVA.sub.130 <K.sub.2). Since the actual acceleration DVA.sub.130 presents a positive value when the vehicle is being accelerated but presents a negative value when the vehicle is being decelerated, the judgment whether or not the actual deceleration DVA.sub.130 is smaller than the negative reference value K.sub.2, that is, DVA.sub.130 <K.sub.2, is the same judgment whether or not the deceleration of the vehicle is greater than a preset reference value.
When quick braking wherein the deceleration is high is being performed by the brake (not shown), it is judged at step C104 that DVA.sub.130 <K.sub.2, and then the sequence advances to step C107. When quick braking is not being performed, it is not judged at step C104 that DVA.sub.130 <K.sub.2, and then the sequence advances to step C105.
At step C107, it is judged whether or not value of a flag I.sub.1 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.1 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that a timer TMA which measures a duration of a condition wherein the actual acceleration DVA.sub.130 is smaller than the reference value K.sub.2 (that is, a condition wherein the deceleration is greater than the preset reference value) is counting time. If the timer TMA is already counting time, it is judged at step C107 that I.sub.1 =1, and then the sequence advances to step C110. To the contrary, in case the timer TMA is not counting time, it is not judged that I.sub.1 =1, and the sequence advances to step C108 at which the value of the flag I.sub.1 is changed to 1. Then at step C109, counting of time by the timer TMA is started again, and then the sequence advances to step C110.
At step C110, it is judged whether or not the time t.sub.TMA counted by the timer TMA is greater than a preset reference time t.sub.K1 (t.sub.TMA >t.sub.K1). In case it is judged that t.sub.TMA >t.sub.K1, the sequence advances to step C111 at which the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 1, whereafter the sequence advances to step C112. To the contrary, if it is not judged at step C110 that t.sub.TMA >t.sub.K1, the sequence directly advances to step C112. Consequently, the value of the flag I.sub.2 is left as 0.
On the other hand, in case it is not judged at step C104 that DVA.sub.130 <K.sub.2 and consequently the sequence advances to step C105, the deceleration by the brake (not shown) is lower than the reference value and accordingly counting by the timer TMA is unnecessary. Thus, in preparation for such a possible case wherein counting by the timer TMA becomes necessary, the value of the flag I.sub.1 is changed to zero at step C105, and then at step C106, the timer TMA is reset to stop counting of time and change the value of the count time t.sub.TMA to zero, whereafter the sequence advances to step C112.
It is to be noted that, if the condition wherein the deceleration by the brake (not shown) is higher than the reference value continues for an interval of time longer than a reference interval of time by the control at such steps C103 to C111 as described above, the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 1, and once the value of the flag I.sub.2 is set to 1, it will not be changed any more even if the deceleration becomes lower than the reference value unless the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 0 at any step other than the steps C103 to C111.
At step C112, a signal to designate a throttle valve opening of a minimum value corresponding to the idling position of the engine 13 is delivered from the controlling section 25 to the throttle valve pivoting section 26. The throttle valve pivoting section 26 receives the signal and causes the actuator driving section 39 thereof to deliver to the throttle valve actuator 40 a driving signal to pivot the throttle valve 31 to the throttle valve opening of the minimum value. The throttle valve actuator 40 thus pivots the throttle valve 31 in accordance with the driving signal thus received.
In this instance, the opening of the throttle valve 31 is detected by the throttle valve opening detecting section 41, and results of such detection are fed back to the actuator driving section 39 to effect feedback control. In short, the actuator driving section 39 continues, in response to results of the detection of the throttle valve opening, to deliver a driving signal necessary for pivotal motion of the throttle valve 31 until it is confirmed that the throttle valve 31 has been pivoted to a predetermined position. When it is detected by the throttle valve opening detecting section 41 that the throttle valve 31 has been pivoted to the predetermined position, delivery of the driving signal from the actuator driving section 39 is stopped, and consequently the throttle valve 31 is stopped at a predetermined position so that a braking force is caused by engine brake.
As described so far, if the brake pedal 28 is treadled, then this is intended for deceleration of the vehicle, and accordingly, braking of the vehicle by engine brake is performed together with braking by the brake (not shown) by maintaining the throttle valve 31 at the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position after the control at steps C103 to C111 has been executed.
In case the brake pedal 28 is not treadled and consequently the sequence advances from step C101 to step C113, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.7 is equal to 1. While the flag I.sub.7 indicates whether or not the brake pedal 28 was treadled in the preceding control cycle as described hereinabove, if the brake pedal 28 was not treadled, then the flag I.sub.7 has a value equal to 1, but if the brake pedal 28 was treadled, the flag I.sub.7 presents a value equal to 0. Accordingly, at step C113, it is judged whether or not the present control cycle is the first control cycle after the brake pedal 28 has been released.
In case it is judged at step C113 that I.sub.7 =1, that is, the present control cycle is not the first control cycle after the brake pedal 28 has been released, the sequence advances to step C133. On the contrary if it is judged that I.sub.7 .noteq.1, that is, the present control cycle is the first control cycle after the brake pedal 28 has been released, the sequence advances to step C114.
When the sequence advances from step C113 to step C114, various settings and judgments are accomplished at steps C114 to C118.
At first at step C114, since the brake pedal 28 is not treadled any more, there is no necessity of performing such counting of time by the timer TMA as described above. Accordingly, in preparation for such counting in the following control cycle or cycles, the value of the flag I.sub.1 is changed to zero.
Then at step C115, the value of the flag I.sub.7 is changed to 1 because the break pedal 28 is not in a treadled condition any more, and then at step C116, the timer TMA is reset to stop counting of time and change the value of the counted time t.sub.TMA to 0 by a similar reason as at step C114.
Subsequently at step C117, the value of a flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0. The flag I.sub.12 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, either that opening or closing operation of the throttle valve 31 is not yet performed in a control cycle (opening/closing timing cycle) which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is first encountered after the automatic cruise mode control at step C144 has been entered in any control cycle, or that, although such opening or closing movement has been performed, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is not yet performed in an opening/closing timing cycle which is first encountered after the designation of a running condition of the vehicle has been changed by operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 in the automatic cruise mode control.
Then at step C118, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the contact of the accelerator switch 15 is in an on-state. In case the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled and the contact of the accelerator switch 15 is in an off-state, the sequence advances to step C135 at which the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 0 and then at step C136, the value of a flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1, whereafter the sequence advances to step C137. The flag I.sub.3 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that the throttle valve 31 should be maintained at its minimum opening corresponding to the idling position of the engine 13.
It is to be noted that, in case the value of the flag I.sub.2 is set to 1 at step C111, the value of the flag I.sub.2 remains 1 until the control at step C135 is executed subsequently. In other words, the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 0 when the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled subsequently.
At step C137, an aimed acceleration is determined in accordance with the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS detected by the treadled amount detecting section 14, the changing rate DAPS of the treadled amount calculated from the treadled amount APS by the control section 25 and a value of the counter CAPCNG, and accelerator mode control is executed. In the accelerator mode control, the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to control the output power of the engine 13 so that the vehicle may run at an aimed acceleration. The non-direct throttle movement control in the present control cycle is completed with completion of the accelerator mode control.
In case the sequence advances from step C118 to C119 because the accelerator pedal 27 is not treadled and the contact of the accelerator switch 15 is in an on-state, a value DAPMXO is changed to 0. The value DAPMXO represents a maximum value of the changing rate DAPS of the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS when the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 increases.
Then at step C120, another value DAPMXS is changed to 0. The value DAPMXS represents a minimum value of the changing rate DAPS when the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 decreases.
Further at step C121, the latest actual speed VA.sub.I calculated in the interrupt control at steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv) is read in.
Subsequently at step C122, the value of the actual speed VA.sub.I read in at step C121 is substituted as a value of V.sub.OFF which indicates an actual speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after the brake pedal 28 has been released.
Then at step C123, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the position of the throttle switch 47 of the automatic cruise switch 18 is in FIG. 6. It is to be noted that, in case the throttle switch 47 is at the position , if the brake pedal 28 is released after it has been treadled to decelerate the vehicle, it is designated to maintain the throttle valve 31 at the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position until the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled subsequently.
In case it is judged at step C123 that the position of the throttle switch 47 is , the sequence advances to step C126 at which the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 0 and then to step C112 at which the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position as described hereinabove.
To the contrary, in case it is judged at step C123 that the position of the throttle switch 47 is not , the sequence advances to step C124 at which it is judged whether or not the value V.sub.OFF is smaller than a preset reference value K.sub.1, that is, V.sub.OFF <K.sub.1.
In case V.sub.OFF <K.sub.1 is judged at step C124, the sequence advances to step C125 at which it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.2 is equal to 1. If I.sub.2 =0 is judged, the sequence advances to step C126 at which the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 0 and then to step C112 at which the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to the minimum opening position as described hereinabove.
To the contrary, if V.sub.OFF <K.sub.1 is not judged at step C124 or if I.sub.2 =1 is not judged at step C125, the sequence advances to step C145.
Accordingly, in case a condition wherein the deceleration is smaller than a reference value continues for an interval of time longer than a reference interval of time in response to treadling of the brake pedal 28 to perform braking of the vehicle and besides the speed of the vehicle when such braking is interrupted is smaller than a reference value, if the accelerator pedal 28 is not treadled any more, braking of the vehicle is effected preferentially so that, even after the brake pedal 28 has been released, the throttle valve 31 is held at the minimum opening position to effect braking by engine brake.
When deceleration by the brake is to be performed to stop the vehicle, for example, at a crossing, the brake pedal 28 is released once directly before stopping in order to moderate a shock upon stopping. In such an instance, however, the throttle valve 31 is maintained at the minimum opening to automatically effect braking by engine brake as described hereinabove.
If the sequence advances from step C124 or step C125 to step C145, then the value of a flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 whereafter the sequence advances to step C127. It is to be noted that the flag I.sub.4 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that constant speed running should be designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25.
At step 127, the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1 because there is no necessity of maintaining the throttle valve 31 at the minimum opening. Then at step C128, the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 1, and then at step C129, the actual speed VA.sub.I read in at step C121 is substituted into the aimed speed VS for constant speed running.
Subsequently at step C130, an aimed torque TOM.sub.1 necessary to maintain running of the vehicle at the aimed speed VS is calculated in accordance with the following equation (1):
It is to be noted that, in the equation (1) above, W is a weight of the vehicle detected by the car weight detecting section 19 and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i), r is an effective radius of a tire of the left front wheel 33 or the right front wheel 34 which is stored in advance, and g is the gravitational acceleration.
Further, k.sub.s is a coefficient set in advance for conversion of any value into a value where the gear position used of the automatic transmission 32 is the low gear position and has a predetermined value corresponding to a gear position of the automatic transmission 32 in use as detected by the gear position detecting section 23 and read in at step A103. Meanwhile, k.sub.i is a correction amount for inertia of the engine 13 and the automatic transmission 32 around a drive shaft of the vehicle.
Furthermore, T.sub.Q is a torque ratio of the automatic transmission 32. The torque ratio T.sub.Q is determined in accordance with a map #MTRATQ (not shown) set in advance in accordance with characteristics of the automatic transmission 32 using a speed ratio e detected by the output rotational speed detecting section 22 as a parameter. It is to be noted that the speed ratio e is obtained by dividing the output shaft rotation speed N.sub.D of the torque converter (not shown) in the automatic transmission 32 read in at step A103 by the engine rotational speed N.sub.E detected by the engine rotational speed detecting section 21 and read in at step A103.
Further, DVS.sub.3 is an aimed acceleration for making the speed of the vehicle equal to the aimed speed VS and maintaining the same. The aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is determined by a map #MDVS3 set in advance as shown in FIG. 23 using a difference VS-VS of the actual speed VA from the aimed speed VS as a parameter. It is to be noted that, at step C130, since the aimed speed VS is an actual speed at a point of time directly after the break pedal 28 has been released as described hereinabove, determination of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is effected on the assumption that the difference VS-VA is 0 in the equation (1) above.
Meanwhile, DVA.sub.65 is an actual acceleration calculated in the interrupt control at steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(i) and read in at step A103 as described hereinabove, and TEM is an actual torque of the output power of the engine 13. The actual torque TEM is determined in accordance with a map #TEMAP (not shown) set in advance in accordance with characteristics of the engine 13, using, as parameters, the engine rotational speed N.sub.E and a value A.sub.E /N.sub.E which is obtained by dividing the intake air amount A.sub.E detected by the intake air amount detecting section 20 and read in at step A103 by the engine rotational speed N.sub.E.
After the aimed torque TOM.sub.1 is calculated at step C130 in this manner, a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH1 is read out from a map #MTH (not shown) at subsequent step C131. The map #MTH is set in advance in accordance with characteristics of the engine 13 using an aimed torque TOM and the rotational speed N.sub.E as parameters. The map #MTH is used for determination of a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH which is necessary to make the output torque of the engine 13 equal to the aimed torque TOM. Accordingly, the value of a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH1 to be read out from the map #MTH corresponds to the aimed torque TOM.sub.1 calculated at step C130 and also to the engine rotational speed N.sub.E detected by the engine rotational speed detecting section 21 and read in at step A103.
At step C132, the throttle valve 31 is actuated in accordance with the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH1 read out from the map #MTH at step C131. In short, a signal indicative of the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH1 is delivered from the control section 25 to the throttle valve pivoting portion 26. The throttle valve pivoting section 26 thus receives the signal at the actuator driving section 39 thereof and delivers a driving signal to the throttle valve actuator 40 to pivot the throttle valve 31 to a position at which the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH1 is provided. In response to the driving signal, the throttle valve actuator 40 pivots the throttle valve 31.
Also in this instance, adjustment of the opening of the throttle valve 31 is effected by feedback control by way of the throttle valve opening detecting section 41. After the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to a predetermined position, the actuator driving section 39 no more delivers a signal, and consequently the throttle valve 31 is stopped at the predetermined position.
The intake air path 30 is opened or closed by such adjustment of the throttle valve 31 to change the amount of air to be sucked into the engine 13 as described above. An amount of fuel to be supplied to the engine 13 is thus determined in accordance with results of such detection of the air amount by the fuel controlling device (not shown), and also the amount of fuel supply is changed. As a result, the output power of the engine 13 is adjusted so that a torque substantially equal to the aimed torque TOM.sub.1 is produced from the engine 13.
The output torque of the engine 13 is substantially equal to a torque which is sufficient to maintain, as an aimed speed, the actual speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after releasing of the brake pedal 28 as described hereinabove.
By the control at steps C129 to C132 described above, the throttle valve 31 is temporarily pivoted, directly after releasing of the brake pedal 28, to a position of a throttle valve opening which is forecast to maintain the speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after releasing of the brake pedal 28 even when the present control cycle is not an opening/closing timing cycle determined by the reference time t.sub.K2 in order to make preparations for subsequent transition to constant speed running at the aimed speed.
In case the sequence advanced from step C113 to step C114 to execute such control as described above in the preceding control cycle and the brake pedal 28 still remains in a released condition in the present control cycle, it is judged at step C113 that I.sub.7 =1 because the value of the flag I.sub.7 was changed to 1 at step C115 in the preceding control cycle. The sequence thus advances to step C133 at which it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 whether or not the contact of the accelerator switch 15 is in an on-state.
In case the accelerator pedal 27 is in a treadled condition, it is judged at step C133 that the contact of the accelerator switch 15 is not in an on-state, and the sequence advances to step C134 at which the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0 and then to step C135 at which the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 0. After then, the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1 at step C136, and then the sequence advances to step C137.
It is to be noted that, once the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 1 at step C111, the value will not be changed until the control at step C135 is completed subsequently as described hereinabove. Further, while the sequence advances to step C135 either from step C118 or from step C133 via step C134, either case occurs when the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled to change the contact of the accelerator switch 15 to an off-state. Accordingly, if the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled to accelerate the vehicle again, then the value of the flag I.sub.2 is changed to 0 at step C135.
Further, while the accelerator mode control is executed at step C137, such accelerator mode control is executed without fail if the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled similarly as at step C136.
When the accelerator pedal 27 is not in a treadled condition, it is judged at step C133 that the contact of the accelerator switch 15 is in an on-state, and the sequence thus advances to step C138. At step C138, the value of the maximum value DAPMXO is changed to 0, and then at step C139, the value of the minimum value DAPMXS is changed to 0, whereafter it is judged at step C140 whether or not the value of a flag I.sub.3 is equal to 1.
It is to be noted here that the accelerator switch 15 is in an on-state only when the accelerator pedal 27 is not treadled after deceleration performed by the brake (not shown) has been completed by releasing the brake pedal 28. This corresponds to a case wherein the control at steps C113 to C132 described hereinabove was executed in the preceding control cycle.
The flag I.sub.3 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that the throttle valve 31 should be kept at the minimum opening position corresponding to the engine idling position. Thus, in case I.sub.3 =1 is judged at step C140, the sequence advances to step C141, but on the contrary if I.sub.3 =1 is not judged, the sequence advances to step C112 to move the throttle valve 31 to the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position.
It is to be noted that the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 0 when the sequence advances to step C126 as described hereinabove. Accordingly, when the throttle switch 47 is at the position shown in FIG. 6 and when the condition wherein the deceleration is higher than the reference value continues for an interval of time longer than the reference interval of time upon deceleration by the brake (not shown) and the speed of the vehicle upon completion of the deceleration is lower than the reference value, the throttle valve 31 is maintained at the minimum opening to effect braking by engine brake so long as the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 are both in a released condition.
To the contrary, in case the sequence advances from step C140 to step C141, it is judged at step C141 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.12 is equal to 1, and in case it is judged that I.sub.12 =1, the sequence advances to step C143, but on the contrary if it is not judged that I.sub.12 =1, the sequence advances to step C142.
The flag I.sub.12 having a value equal to 0 indicates, as described hereinabove, either that opening or closing operation of the throttle valve 31 is not yet performed in a control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is first encountered after the automatic cruise mode control at step C144 has been entered in any control cycle, or that, although such opening or closing operation has been performed, opening or closing operation of the throttle valve 31 is not yet performed in a control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing of the throttle valve 31 which is first encountered after the designation of a running condition of the vehicle has been changed by operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 in the automatic cruise mode control.
Accordingly, in case the value of the flag I.sub.12 is equal to 0, there is the possibility that the opening of the throttle valve 31 may vary significantly when the running condition of the vehicle is changed in response to operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 upon or after transition to a running condition of the vehicle by the automatic cruise mode control.
Therefore, in order to assure more accurate opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 to a required opening to effect rapid transition or change, a data is required which best follows a change in actual value to a point of time directly before such opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 and has a value nearest to the actual value.
Thus, the sequence advances to step C142 at which the actual acceleration DVA.sub.65 which has a value nearest to the actual acceleration of the vehicle and has a highest follow-up performance to such change in acceleration is adopted as a value of the actual acceleration DVA which is to be used in the automatic cruise control.
To the contrary, in case the value of the flag I.sub.12 is equal to 1, the opening of the throttle valve 31 is not changed by a great amount because opening or closing movement has been performed already upon such transition or change as described above. Accordingly, even if the follow-up performance is lowered a little, the difference between the actual value and the measured data is small, and rather, stress should be laid on the stability in control. Thus, the sequence advances to step C143 at which the actual acceleration DVA.sub.130 which is lower in follow-up performance but is higher in stability is adopted as a value of the actual acceleration DVS.
After setting of a value of the acceleration DVA at step C142 or step C143, the sequence advances to step C144 at which such automatic cruise mode control as hereinafter described is executed, thereby completing the non-direct throttle movement control in the present control cycle.
By execution of the non-direct throttle movement control shown at steps C101 to C144 of FIG. 10 in such a manner as described above, when the brake pedal 28 is treadled to effect braking of the vehicle by means of the brake (not shown), the throttle valve 31 is held at the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position to effect braking by engine brake in addition to the braking by the brake. To the contrary, when the brake pedal 28 is released while the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled, the accelerator mode control which will be hereinafter described is executed.
On the other hand, when the condition wherein the deceleration by the brake pedal 28 is higher than the reference value continues for an interval of time longer than the reference interval of time and the speed of the vehicle directly after the brake pedal 28 is released is lower than the reference value, although the brake pedal 28 has been released, the throttle valve 31 is maintained at the minimum opening to continue braking by engine brake until the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled again.
When the deceleration is lower than the reference value or when the condition wherein the deceleration is higher than the reference value continues for an interval of time shorter than the reference interval of time or when the speed of the vehicle after releasing of the brake pedal 28 is higher than the reference value, the throttle valve 31 is temporarily pivoted to such a throttle valve opening at which the vehicle makes constant speed running wherein the speed of the vehicle directly after releasing of the brake pedal 28 is maintained until the accelerator pedal 27 is subsequently treadled. After then, the automatic cruise mode control is executed.
In the automatic cruise mode control, constant speed running of the vehicle is performed as hereinafter described until contact information of the automatic cruise switch 18 exhibits some change after releasing of the brake pedal 28. In this instance, however, there is no relationship between a timing of such releasing of the brake pedal 28 and a timing of opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, and the timing at which the brake pedal 28 is released may not always coincide with the timing of opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31.
Therefore, directly after releasing of the brake pedal 28, the throttle valve 31 is temporarily pivoted to a position thereof at which such a throttle valve opening as described above (throttle valve opening at which the vehicle can maintain constant speed running at the speed directly after releasing of the brake pedal 28) is provided, and then the automatic cruise mode control is executed in a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle in the subsequent control cycle or cycles.
Where the speed of the vehicle is controlled in this manner, transition to constant speed running proceeds with little variation in speed of the vehicle from a point of time directly after releasing of the brake pedal 28.
Also when the accelerator pedal 27 is released after the accelerator mode control described below has been executed by releasing the brake pedal 28 and then treadling the accelerator pedal 27, such automatic cruise mode control is executed.
Subsequently, description will be given of details of the accelerator mode control which is executed at step C137 (FIG. 10) of the non-direct throttle movement control. The accelerator mode control is executed by the control section 25 in accordance with the flow chart of steps D101 to D126 shown in FIG. 11.
Referring to FIG. 11, at first at step D101, it is judged whether or not a map #MDVS6S has been used to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.6 in the preceding control cycle. The map #MDVS6S is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.6 using an accelerator pedal treadled amount APS as a parameter as shown in FIG. 20 and is used when the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is decreased. It is to be noted that the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS is detected by the treadled amount detecting section 14 and read in at step A102 of FIG. 8(i).
In case it is judged at step D101 that the map #MDVS6S was used in the preceding control cycle, it is determined that the control for decrease in treadled amount has been executed in the preceding control cycle, and the sequence advances to step D112. To the contrary, in case it is judged at step D101 that the map #MDVS6S was not used in the preceding control cycle, it is determined that the control for decrease in treadled amount was not executed in the preceding control cycle, that is, the control for increase in treadled amount was executed in the preceding control cycle, and the sequence advances to step D102.
At step D102, it is judged whether or not the changing rate DAPS of the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS is smaller than a preset negative reference value K.sub.6 (DAPS<K.sub.6). It is to be noted that the changing rate DAPS of the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS is calculated in the interrupt control at steps A121 to A122 of FIG. 8(iii) and read in at step A103 of FIG. (i).
In case DAPS<K.sub.6 is judged at step D102, it is determined that the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is being decreased, and the sequence advances to step D103. But on the contrary if DAPS<K.sub.6 is not judged, it is determined that the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is being increased, and the sequence advances to step D105.
In case the sequence advances to step D103, this means that the control in the preceding control cycle was executed for increase in treadled amount and the control in the present control cycle is to be executed on the contrary for decrease in treadled amount. Thus, the value of the maximum value DAPMXO of the changing rate DAPS during increase in treadled amount is changed to 0 at step D103, and then at subsequent step D104, the value of the minimum value DAPMXS of the changing rate DAPS during decrease in treadled amount is changed to 0, whereafter the sequence advances to step D115. It is to be noted that the value DAPMXO normally presents a value greater than 0 because it is a value during increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27, and on the contrary, the value DAPMXS always presents a value smaller than 0 because it is a value during decrease in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27.
To the contrary, in case the sequence advances from step D101 to step D112, it is judged at step D112 whether or not the changing rate DAPS is greater than a preset positive reference value K.sub.7 (DAPS>K.sub.7). In case DAPS>K.sub.7 is judged at step D112, it is determined that the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is being increased, and the sequence advances to step D113. But on the contrary if DAPS>K.sub.7 is not judged at step D112, it is determined that the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is being decreased, and the sequence advances to step D115.
When the sequence advances to step D113, the control in the preceding control cycle was executed for decrease in treadled amount and the control in the present control cycle is to be executed on the contrary for increase in treadled amount. Thus, the value of DAPMXO is changed to 0 at step D113, and then the value of DAPMXS is changed to 0 at subsequent step D114, whereafter the sequence advances to step D105.
Accordingly, in case it is judged that the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is being increased (being increased continuously), control of steps D122 to D126 is executed after execution of steps D105 to D111. On the contrary, in case it is judged that the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is being decreased (being decreased continuously), control of steps D122 to D126 is executed after execution of steps D115 to D121.
In case the sequence advances to step D105, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.6 corresponding to the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS detected by the treadled amount detecting section 14 and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out from a map #MDVS60. The map #MDVS60 is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.6 during increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 using the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS as a parameter. The values of APS and DVS.sub.6 have such a relationship as illustrated in the map #MDVS60 of FIG. 20.
At subsequent step D106, the value of DAPMXO stored in the preceding control cycle is compared with the value of DAPS of the present control cycle. Then, if it is judged that DAPMXO<DAPS, DAPS is substituted into the DAPMXO as a new value at step C107, and then the sequence advances to step D108. To the contrary, if DAPMXO<DAPS is not judged at step D106, DAPMXO stored in the preceding control cycle remains stored as it is, and then the sequence advances to step D108.
At step D108, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 corresponding to the value DAPMXO is read out from a map #MDVS70 in such a manner as described above. The map #MDVS70 is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 during increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 using DAPMXO as a parameter. The values of DAPMXO and DVS.sub.7 have such a relationship as illustrated in the map #MDVS70 of FIG. 21.
As apparently seen from the relationship illustrated in the map #MDVS70 of FIG. 21, the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 increases as the increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 occurs at a high ratio in the control of steps D106 to D108. Since, however, the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 becomes fixed if the value DAPMXO exceeds a certain level, such excessively rapid acceleration as will cause deterioration in safety is inhibited.
In particular, at subsequent step D109, it is judged whether or not the changing rate DAPS of the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS is higher than a preset reference value K.sub.8 (DAPS>K.sub.8). If DAPS>K.sub.8 is judged, then it is determined that the the change in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 during increase is excessively great, and the sequence thus advances to step D110. To the contrary, if DAPS>K.sub.8 is not judged, it is determined that the change is not excessively great, and the sequence thus advances to step D111. In case the sequence advances from step D109 to step D110, the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 1, and then the sequence advances to step D111.
At step D111, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 corresponding to the value of the counter CAPCNG is read out from a map #MDVS80. The map #MDVS80 is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 during increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 using the value of the counter CAPCNG as a parameter. The value of the counter CAPCNG and the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 have such a relationship as illustrated in the map #MDVS80 of FIG. 22.
The value of the counter CAPCNG used at step D111 is set in the interrupt routine of steps A118 to A120 of FIG. 8(i) as described hereinabove and remains 0 so far as any value other than 0 is substituted into the counter CAPCNG. When the value of the counter CAPCNG is equal to 0, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 which is read out from the map #MDVS80 at step D111 also presents a value 0 as apparently seen from the map MDVS80 of FIG. 22. To the contrary, when the changing rate DAPS is greater than the reference value K.sub.8, the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 1 at step D110 as described above. Accordingly, so long as the changing rate DAPS is greater than the reference value K.sub.8, the value of the counter CAPCNG remains 1. Accordingly, in this instance, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 read out from the map #MDVS80 at step D111 presents a maximum value in the map #MDVS80 as apparently seen from the map #MDVS80 shown in FIG. 22.
When the sequence comes to step D109 again past step D102 in the subsequent next control cycle after the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 1 at step D110, now DAPS>K.sub.8 is not judged at step D109 because the increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 was either moderated or interrupted. Consequently, the sequence now advances to step D111 bypassing step D110. At step D111, the value of the counter CAPCNG becomes a value which is determined in the interrupt control of steps A118 to A120 of FIG. 8(ii). In the interrupt routine, the value of the counter CAPCNG is incremented by 1 as a new value of the counter CAPCNG.
At subsequent step A119, it is judged whether or not the value of the counter CAPCNG is equal to 1. Here, if the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 1 at step D110 as described hereinabove, then the value of the counter CAPCNG is updated to 2 at step A118. Accordingly, the sequence bypasses step A120 depending upon such judgment at step A119, and the value of the counter CAPCNG upon completion of the interrupt control for the present time is 2.
Also in the following control cycles, the control at step D109 is executed, and accordingly, while the condition wherein DAPS>K.sub.8 is not satisfied continues, the value of the counter CAPCNG is incremented by 1 in each such interrupt control as described above.
In case the sequence advances to step D109 via steps D102 to D105, judgment at step D102 has been such that the relationship between the changing rate DAPS and the reference value K.sub.6 is not DAPS<K.sub.6 but DAPS.gtoreq.K.sub.6. Accordingly, the sequence advances from step D109 directly to step D111 when the changing rate DAPS has a value defined by K.sub.6 .ltoreq.DAPS.ltoreq.K.sub.8. As described hereinabove, the reference value K.sub.6 has a negative value while the reference value K.sub.8 has a positive value. Accordingly, if the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is held fixed, then the value of the counter CAPCNG is increased one by one as described above.
In this instance, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 read out from the map MDVS80 at step D111 decreases in value as the value of the counter CAPCNG increases and finally decreases to 0 as apparently seen from the map #MDVS80 in FIG. 22. Accordingly, if the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is held substantially fixed after it has been increased, then the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 having a positive value gradually approaches 0 as time passes.
To the contrary, in case the sequence advances to step D115 either from step D104 or from step D112, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.6 corresponding to the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS detected by the treadled amount detecting section 14 and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out at step D115 from a map #MDVS6S. It is to be noted that the map #MDVS6S is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.6 during reduction in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 using the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS as a parameter. The values of APS and DVS.sub.6 have such a relationship as seen in #MDVS6S shown in FIG. 20.
At subsequent step D116, the value DAPMXS stored in the preceding control cycle is compared with the value DAPS in the present control cycle. In case it is judged that DAPMXS>DAPS, the value of DAPS is substituted, at step D117, into DAPMXS as a new value of DAPMXS, and then the sequence advances to step D118. To the contrary, if it is not judged that DAPMXS>DAPS, the value DAPMXS stored in the preceding control cycle remains stored as it is, and the sequence advances to step D118.
At step D118, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 corresponding to the DAPMXS determined in such a manner as described above is read out from a map #MDVS7S. The map #MDVS7S is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 during reduction in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 using DAPMXS as a parameter. The values of DAPMXS and DVS.sub.7 have such a relationship as illustrated in the map #MDVS7S shown in FIG. 21. It is to be noted that, since the value of DAPMXS is a changing rate in treadled amount when the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is being decreased, it has a value equal to 0 or a negative value as described hereinabove, and accordingly the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 has a negative value as illustrated in the map #MDVS7S shown in FIG. 21. Accordingly, the absolute value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 is a deceleration.
In this manner, in the control of steps D116 to D118, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.7 decreases in negative value as the rate in reduction in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 increases as apparently seen from the relationship shown in FIG. 21.
At subsequent step D119, it is judged whether or not the changing rate DAPS of the accelerator pedal treadled amount APS is smaller than a preset negative reference value K.sub.9 (DAPS<K.sub.9). In case DAPS<K.sub.9 is judged, it is determined that the change in reduction in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is greater, and the sequence advances to step D120. To the contrary, if DAPS<K.sub.9 is not judged at step D119, it is determined that the change is smaller, and the sequence advances to step D121. In case the sequence advances from step D119 to step D120, the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 1, and then the sequence advances to step D121.
At step D121, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 corresponding to the value of the counter CAPCNG is read out from a map #MDVS8S. The map #MDVS8S is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 during reduction in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 using the value of the counter CAPCNG as a parameter. The value of the counter CAPCNG and the value of DVS.sub.8 have such a relationship as illustrated in the map #MDVS8S shown in FIG. 22. It is to be noted that, since the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 assumes a value equal to 0 or a negative value as seen in the map #MDVS8S of FIG. 22, it indicates a deceleration.
The value of the counter CAPCNG used at step D121 is set in the interrupt control of steps A118 to A120 of FIG. 8(ii) and is normally equal to 0 unless any value other than 0 is substituted into the counter CAPCNG. Then, when the value of the counter CAPCNG is equal to 0, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 read out from the map #MDVS8S at step D121 also assumes a value equal to 0 as apparently seen from the map #MDVS8S shown in FIG. 22. To the contrary, when the changing rate DAPS is smaller than the reference value K.sub.9, the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 0 at step D120 as described hereinabove. Accordingly, while the changing rate DAPS remains smaller than the reference value K.sub.9, the counter CAPCNG always has a value equal to 1, and in this instance, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 read out from the map #MDVS8S at step D121 has the smallest negative value in the map #MDVS8S as apparently seen from the map #MDVS8S shown in FIG. 22 and accordingly presents a maximum deceleration.
For example, if the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 1 at step D120 and then it is judged at step D119 to which the sequence advances again via step D112 in the subsequent next control cycle that DAPS<K.sub.9 is not satisfied because reduction in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 has been moderated or interrupted, the sequence advances from step D119 to step D121. In this instance, since step D120 is bypassed, the value of the counter CAPCNG is a value determined in the interrupt control of steps A118 to A120 of FIG. 8(ii). In the interrupt control, the value of the counter CAPCNG added by 1 is designated as a new value of the counter CAPCNG at step A118.
At subsequent step A119, it is judged whether or not the value of the counter CAPCNG is equal to 1. However, since the value of the counter CAPCNG is updated to 2 at step D120 as described above, the sequence bypasses step A120 depending upon such judgment at step A119. Consequently, the value of the counter CAPCNG at a point of time when the present interrupt control is completed is equal to 2. Also in the following control cycle or cycles, the control at step D119 is executed. Thus, so long as the condition wherein DAPS<K.sub.9 is not satisfied continues, the value of the counter CAPCNG is increased one by one in each such interrupt control as described above.
In case the sequence advances from step D112 to step D119 via step D115, the judgment at step D112 has revealed that the changing rate DAPS and the reference value K.sub.7 do not have a relationship of DAPS>K.sub.7 but have a relationship of DAPS.ltoreq.K.sub.7. Accordingly, the sequence advances from step D119 directly to step D121 when the changing rate DAPS has a value defined by K.sub.9 .ltoreq.DAPS.ltoreq.K.sub.7. Further, since the reference value K.sub.7 has a positive value while the reference value K.sub.9 has a negative value as described hereinabove, if the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is kept fixed, then the value of the counter CAPCNG is increased one by one as described hereinabove.
In this instance, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 read out from the map #MDVS8S at step D121 increases as the value of the counter CAPCNG increases and finally reaches 0 as apparently seen from the map #MDVS8S shown in FIG. 22. Accordingly, if the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is reduced and then the treadled amount is kept substantially fixed, then the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.8 having a negative value gradually approaches 0 as time passes.
In case the sequence advances from step D111 or D121 to step D122, either a sum total of the aimed accelerations DVS.sub.6, DVS.sub.7 and DVS.sub.8 found out in the control of steps D105 to D111 or a sum total of the aimed accelerations DVS.sub.6, DVS.sub.7 and DVS.sub.8 found out in the control of steps D115 to D121 is calculated as a general aimed acceleration DVS for the accelerator mode control.
Subsequently at step D123, an aimed torque TOM.sub.A necessary to attain the aimed acceleration DVS as an actual acceleration of the vehicle is calculated in the following equation (2):
It is to be noted that W, r, g, ks, ki and T.sub.Q in the equation (2) above are same as those used in the equation (1) given hereinabove for description of the non-direct throttle movement control, and R' is a running resistance to running of the vehicle calculated in accordance with the following equation (3):
It is to be noted that, in the equation (3) above, .mu.r is a coefficient of rolling resistance of the vehicle, W is a car weight which is the same as that used in the equation (2) above, .mu.air is a coefficient of air resistance of the vehicle, A is a frontal projected area of the vehicle, and VA is an actual speed of the vehicle calculated in the interrupt control of steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv) and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i).
At step D124 to which the sequence advances from step D123, a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.THA corresponding to the aimed torque TOM.sub.A calculated at step D123 and the rotational speed N.sub.E of the engine 13 detected by the engine rotational speed detecting section 21 and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out from the map #MTH. The map #MTH is the same map as that used at step C131 of FIG. 10 for the non-direct throttle movement control described hereinabove.
At subsequent step D125, it is judged whether or not the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1. As described hereinabove, the flag I.sub.11 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the present control cycle is a control cycle in which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed.
Since here the present control cycle is a control cycle in which such opening or closing movement should be performed when the flag I.sub.11 has a value equal to 1, the sequence advances to step D126. On the contrary, if the value of the flag I.sub.11 is not equal to 1, the present control cycle is not a control cycle in which such opening or closing movement is to be performed, and accordingly the sequence bypasses step D126, thereby completing the accelerator mode control in the present control cycle.
At step D126, a signal indicative of the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.THA read out at step D124 is delivered from the control section 25 to the throttle valve pivoting section 26. The throttle valve pivoting section 26 receives such signal at the actuator driving section 39 thereof and delivers a required driving signal (to pivot the throttle valve 31 to a position at which the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.THA is provided) to the throttle valve actuator 40. The throttle valve actuator 40 thus pivots the throttle valve 31 in response to the driving signal received.
In this instance, the opening of the throttle valve 31 is detected by the throttle valve opening detecting section 41, and results of the detection are fed to the actuator driving section 39 to effect feedback control.
After the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to a predetermined position, the actuator driving section 39 no more delivers the driving signal, and consequently, the throttle valve 31 is stopped at the predetermined position, thereby completing the accelerator mode control in the present control cycle.
By opening or closing of the intake air path 30 by the throttle valve 31 in this manner, the amount of air and the amount of fuel sucked into the engine 13 are changed to adjust the output power of the engine 13 as described above. Consequently, the vehicle is accelerated at an acceleration substantially equal to the aimed acceleration DVS.
As described so far, the accelerator mode control involves determination of an aimed acceleration in accordance with a treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27, a changing rate of the treadled amount and the direction of such change of the treadled amount as well as opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 in accordance with the aimed acceleration thus determined to control the engine 13.
In particular, when the treadled amount APS of the accelerator pedal 27 is increased, the values of the three aimed accelerations of DVS.sub.6, DVS.sub.7 and DVS.sub.8 from which the aimed acceleration DVS is to be calculated exhibit the following variations.
At first, the value of DVS.sub.6 increases as the treadled amount APS increases because the value of DVS.sub.6 is determined in accordance with such a relationship to the value of the treadled amount APS as illustrated in the map #MDVS6O of FIG. 20. Particularly, the faster the increase of the treadled amount APS proceeds, the greater the rate of increase of the value of DVS.sub.6.
Meanwhile, the value of DVS.sub.7 presents a greater value as the increase of the treadled amount APS proceeds at a higher speed because the value of DVS.sub.7 is determined in accordance with such a relationship to the maximum value DAPMXO of the changing rate in treadled amount while the increase of the treadled amount APS continues as illustrated in the map #MDVS7O of FIG. 21.
On the other hand, because the value of DVS.sub.8 is determined in accordance with such a relationship to the value of the counter CAPCNG as illustrated in the map #MDVS8O of FIG. 22, when the increase of the treadled amount APS proceeds at a rate higher than the reference level, the counter CAPCNG presents a value equal to 1, and the value of DVS.sub.8 presents a maximum value.
Since the aimed accelerations DVS.sub.6, DVS.sub.7 and DVS.sub.8 vary in such manners as described above, the faster the increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal proceeds, the quicker the vehicle makes an acceleration.
To the contrary, in case the increase in treadled amount is stopped and the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is kept at a fixed value, the aimed accelerations DVS.sub.6, DVS.sub.7 and DVS.sub.8 present the following variations.
The value of DVS.sub.6 presents a fixed value because it is determined in accordance with such a relationship to the treadled amount APS as illustrated in the map #MDVS6O of FIG. 20.
Meanwhile, the value of DVS.sub.7 also remains fixed because a value which has been determined in accordance with such a relationship as illustrated in the map #MDVS7O of FIG. 21 in a similar manner to that described above upon increase of the treadled amount before the treadled amount APS is kept fixed is maintained as it is.
On the other hand, the value of DVS.sub.8 is reduced gradually as time passes and finally reduced to 0 as illustrated in the map #MDVS8O of FIG. 22 because the value of the counter CAPCNG increases in accordance with a time elapsed after the increasing rate of the treadled amount APS has reduced to a value lower than the reference value.
Accordingly, in case the increase in treadled amount is stopped and the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is kept fixed, the aimed acceleration DVS will gradually approach a fixed value.
In short, if the treadled amount APS of the accelerator pedal 27 is increased to a suitable level, then the acceleration varies smoothly from a quickly accelerating condition to a moderately accelerating condition.
To the contrary, if the treadled amount APS of the accelerator pedal 27 is decreased, then the values of the aimed accelerations DVS.sub.6, DVS.sub.7 and DVS.sub.8 vary in the following manners.
The value of DVS.sub.6 is determined in accordance with such a relationship to the treadled amount APS as illustrated in the map #MDVS6S of FIG. 20. Accordingly, the value of DVS.sub.6 decreases as the treadled amount APS decreases. The rate of such reduction of DVS.sub.6 increases as the speed of the reduction of the treadled amount APS increases.
Meanwhile, the value of DVS.sub.7 is determined in accordance with such a relationship to the minimum value DAPMXS of the changing rate of the treadled amount (that is, the maximum value of the decreasing ratio) while the decrease of the treadled amount APS continues as illustrated in the map #MDVS7S of FIG. 21. Accordingly, the faster the decrease of the treadled amount APS proceeds, the smaller the value of DVS.sub.7 (negative value having a small absolute value).
On the other hand, the value of DVS.sub.8 presents a minimum value (negative value having a maximum absolute value) as illustrated in the map #MDVS8S of FIG. 22 when the decrease of the treadled amount APS proceeds at a speed higher than the reference value so that the value of the counter CAPCNG is changed to 1.
Accordingly, the faster the decrease of the treadled amount APS of the accelerator pedal 27, the earlier the acceleration of the vehicle decreases, and finally the vehicle is brought into a decelerated condition.
It is to be noted that the value of DVS.sub.6 while the treadled amount is being increased is greater than the value of DVS.sub.6 for a same treadled amount while the treadled amount is being decreased as seen from the maps #MDVS6O and #MDVS6S of FIG. 20.
Accordingly, even if the treadled amount is equal, quicker acceleration occurs when the treadled amount is being increased than when the treadled amount is being decreased.
Further, if the treadled amount is further decreased after the value of DVS.sub.6 has been decreased to 0, the value of DVS.sub.6 becomes negative, as seen from the map #MDVS6S of FIG. 20. Consequently, also the aimed acceleration DVS calculated from the aimed accelerations DVS.sub.6, DVS.sub.7 and DVS.sub.8 become negative, and as a result, the vehicle is decelerated in accordance with the negative aimed acceleration.
To the contrary, in case the decrease of the treadled amount APS is stopped and then the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is kept fixed, the aimed accelerations present the following variations.
The value of DVS.sub.6 exhibits a fixed value because it is determined in accordance with such a relationship to the treadled amount APS as illustrated in the map #MDVS6S of FIG. 20.
Meanwhile, the value of DVS.sub.7 presents a fixed value because a value which has been determined in accordance with such a relationship to the minimum value DAPMXS of the changing rate of the treadled amount (that is, maximum value of the decreasing ratio) upon decrease of the treadled amount before the treadled amount APS is kept fixed as illustrated in the map #MDVS7S of FIG. 21 is maintained as it is.
On the other hand, the value of DVS.sub.8 increases gradually as time passes and finally becomes equal to 0 as illustrated in the map #MDVS8S of FIG. 22 because the value of the counter CAPCNG increases in accordance with a time elapsed after a point of time at which the decelerating rate of the treadling amount APS becomes lower than the reference value.
When the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 is decreased in this manner, the acceleration is decreased smoothly from the acceleration decreasing condition or the decelerating condition and transition to an accelerated condition at a fixed acceleration takes place.
The automatic cruise mode control at step C144 of FIG. 10 executed in the non-direct throttle movement control proceeds in accordance with the flow chart of steps E101 to E133 of FIG. 12.
The automatic cruise mode control is executed when neither of the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 is treadled in the non-direct throttle movement control described hereinabove.
Referring to FIG. 12, it is judged at first at step E101 whether or not the contact of the accelerator switch 15 was in an on-state in the preceding control cycle without the accelerator pedal 27 being treadled. In case the present cycle is a first cycle after the accelerator pedal 27 has been released and the contact of the accelerator switch 15 has been brought into an on-state, the sequence advances to step E102 depending upon such judgment at step E101. On the contrary, in case the accelerator pedal 27 was released and the contact of the accelerator switch 15 was already in an on-state already in the preceding control cycle, the sequence advances to step E110 depending upon such judgment at step E101.
Accordingly, the control in a first control cycle after the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled to effect acceleration of the vehicle and is then released is different from the control in control cycles following the first control cycle or in control cycles after the automatic cruise mode control is entered by releasing the brake pedal 28 while the accelerator pedal 27 is not treadled.
At step E102 to which the sequence advances in a first control cycle after the accelerator pedal 27 has been released, the value of a flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0, and then the sequence advances to step E103. The flag I.sub.4 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that constant speed running should be designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25.
At step E103, the value of a flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0, and then the sequence advances to step E104. The flag I.sub.6 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the present control cycle is a first cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been brought into an on-state.
At step E104, the latest actual speed VA.sub.I calculated in the interrupt control at steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv) is read in as an actual speed of the vehicle directly after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27, and then at step E105, the actual speed VA.sub.I is substituted into the aimed speed VS.
Then at step E106, the value of a flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0. The flag I.sub.8 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that the speed of the vehicle is maintained substantially fixed by the automatic cruise mode control.
Subsequently at step E107, an aimed torque TOM.sub.3 of the engine 13 necessary to maintain the speed of the vehicle at the aimed speed VS is calculated in the following equation (4), and then the sequence advances to step E108.
It is to be noted that the equation (4) above is substantially the same as the equation (1) used at step C130 in the flow chart of FIG. 10.
At step E108, a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH3 corresponding to the aimed torque TOM.sub.3 calculated at step E107 and the engine rotational speed N.sub.E detected by the engine rotational speed detecting section 18 and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out from the map #MTH described hereinabove.
Subsequently at step E109, a signal indicative of the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH3 is delivered from the control section 25 to the actuator driving section 39 of the throttle valve pivoting section 26. Consequently, a required driving signal is delivered from the actuator driving section 39 to the throttle valve actuator 40 so that the throttle valve actuator 40 pivots the throttle valve 31. In this instance, the opening of the throttle valve 31 is fed back to the actuator driving section 39 by the throttle valve opening detecting section 41 to effect feedback control.
Then, after the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to a predetermined position, the actuator driving section 39 no more delivers the driving signal, and consequently the throttle valve 31 is stopped at the predetermined position, thereby completing the automatic cruise mode control in the present control cycle.
As the throttle valve 31 is operated to open or close the intake air path 30 in this manner, the amount of air sucked into the engine 13 and the amount of fuel supply is also changed. Consequently, a torque substantially equal to the aimed torque TOM.sub.3 is produced from the engine 13.
The torque produced from the engine 13 in this manner is substantially equal to a torque necessary to maintain the speed of the vehicle at the aimed speed which is equal to the actual speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after releasing of the accelerator pedal 17 as described hereinabove. Then, by the control at steps E104 to E109 described above, the throttle valve 31 is temporarily pivoted, directly after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27, to a position of a throttle valve opening which will maintain the speed of the vehicle directly after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27 even when the present control cycle is not a control cycle which falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is to be performed in order to make preparations for subsequent transition to a constant speed running condition at the aimed speed.
Such pivotal motion of the throttle valve 31 by the control at steps E104 to E109 described above is substantially same as pivotal motion of the throttle valve 31 by the control at steps C121 and C129 to C132 of FIG. 10 in the non-direct throttle movement control described hereinabove, but only the difference resides in requirements for starting the control.
In case the sequence advances to step E101 either in a control cycle after such control as described above has been executed in a first control cycle after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27 or in a control cycle in which transition to the automatic cruise mode control is effected after the treadling of the brake pedal 28 has been canceled to execute the control at steps C121 and C129 to C132, the sequence advances to step E110 because the contact of the accelerator switch 15 was in an on-state also in the preceding control cycle. At step E110, it is judged whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 in the present control cycle is different from the position of the acceleration switch 45 in the preceding cycle.
In case the acceleration switch 45 has not been changed over, the sequence advances from step E110 to step E128 at which changing over switch control regarding the changing over switch 46 is executed.
The changing over switch control at step E128 is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps F101 to F121 of FIG. 13 principally by the running condition changing over section 12, final aimed speed setting section 6 and final aimed speed modification controlling section 6a of the control section 25 in order to effect changing over of a running condition of 5 the vehicle in response to operation of the changing over switch 44, modification of the final aimed speed of the vehicle when the running condition of the vehicle designated in response to operation of the changing over switch 44 is either an accelerated running condition or a decelerated running condition, and so on.
Referring to FIG. 13, at first at step F101, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state. In case the changing over switch 46 has not been operated, the contact thereof is not in an on-state, and consequently, the sequence advances to step F111.
At step F111, the value of a flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0, and then the sequence advances to step F112. The flag I.sub.5 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the contact of the changing over switch 46 was in an on-state in the preceding control cycle.
Then at step F112, the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0.
The changing over switch control in the present control cycle is completed with this in case no operation of the changing over switch 46 has been made. The sequence thus advances to step E129 of FIG. 12 at which it is judged whether or not the value of a flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. The value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 at step C145 of FIG. 10 or at step E102 of FIG. 12 but is changed to 1 either in case the control when the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state is executed or in case the control when the position of the acceleration switch 45 is different from that in the preceding control cycle is executed in the changing over switch control at step E128. Accordingly, if neither of the changing over switch 46 and the acceleration switch 45 is operated, then the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 0, and the sequence thus advances to step E132 depending upon such judgment at step E129. It is to be noted that, in this instance, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the controlling section is constant speed running.
Then at step E132, it is judged, depending upon whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.6 is equal to 1, whether or not the present control cycle is a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 26 has been brought into an on-state. In case the changing over switch 46 has not been operated, the contact of the changing over switch 46 is not yet in an on-state and the flag I.sub.6 has a value equal to 0. Thus, the sequence advances to step E133 at which aimed speed control is executed.
The aimed speed control involves control of changing the speed of the vehicle to approach the aimed speed when constant speed running is designated by the running condition designating section 3 and control of modifying the present value of the aimed speed by the aimed speed changing switch 46. The aimed speed control is executed in accordance with the flow chart of steps J101 to J116 of FIG. 16 principally by the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25.
In short, in the aimed speed control, it is judged at first at step J101 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.8 is equal to 1. The value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 1 at step C128 of FIG. 10 in case treadling of the brake pedal 26 is canceled to cause transition to a running condition of the vehicle by the automatic cruise mode control, but in case treadling of the accelerator pedal 26 is canceled to cause transition to a running condition of the vehicle by the automatic cruise mode control, the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 1 at step E106 of FIG. 12. Accordingly, in case the sequence advances to step J101 without making an operation of any of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 after transition to a running condition of the vehicle by the automatic cruise mode control, the sequence advances to step J102 depending upon such judgment at step J101.
At step J102, it is judged, depending upon whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1, whether the present control cycle falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed. In case the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1, the sequence advances to step J103 at which control necessary for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is executed. To the contrary, in case the value of the flag I.sub.11 is not equal to 1, the automatic cruise mode control for the present control cycle is completed.
After the sequence advances to next step J103 because the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1 at step J102, the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is substituted into the aimed speed VS for constant speed running as a temporary value. Such setting of the aimed speed VS is made in preparation for control after the speed of the vehicle becomes substantially fixed, and such setting is thus executed before the speed of the vehicle becomes substantially constant. The set value is updated for each control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 until the speed of the vehicle becomes substantially fixed.
Then at step J104, it is judged whether or not the absolute value of the actual acceleration DVA for which the value of DVA.sub.65 or DVA.sub.130 has been designated by the control of steps C141 to C143 of FIG. 10 as described hereinabove is smaller than a preset reference value K.alpha., that is, .vertline.DVA.vertline.<K.alpha.. In case the speed of the vehicle has become substantially fixed as a result of the aimed speed control involving reduction in acceleration of the vehicle, .vertline.DVA.vertline.<K.alpha. is judged at step J104, and the sequence thus advances to step J108 at which the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0, whereafter the sequence advances to step J109. To the contrary, in case the speed of the vehicle has not yet become substantially fixed and the acceleration of the vehicle has not yet decreased, .vertline.DVA.vertline.<K.alpha. is not judged at step J104, and the sequence thus advances to step J105.
At step J105, it is judged, depending upon whether or not the actual acceleration DVA has a positive value, whether the vehicle is either in an accelerated condition or in a decelerated condition. In case the actual acceleration DVA has a positive value, the vehicle is in an accelerated condition, and accordingly, in order to put the vehicle into a constant speed running condition, the sequence advances to step J107 at which the value of a preset correction amount .DELTA.DV.sub.2 subtracted from the actual acceleration DVA is set to the aimed acceleration DVS. To the contrary, in case the actual acceleration DVA has a negative value, the vehicle is in a decelerated condition, and accordingly, in order to put the vehicle into a constant speed running condition, the sequence advances to step J106 at which the value of the correction amount .DELTA.DV.sub.2 added by the actual acceleration DVA is set to the aimed acceleration DVS. The aimed speed control in the present control cycle is completed with this, and the sequence now advances to step E123 of FIG. 12.
At steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 12, control is executed for making the acceleration of the vehicle coincide with the aimed acceleration DVS. Accordingly, if the control of steps J101 to J107 of FIG. 16 is repeated before the speed of the vehicle becomes substantially fixed, the aimed acceleration DVS gradually approaches 0 so that the absolute value of the actual acceleration DVS is decreased and the speed of the vehicle gradually approaches a fixed value.
Then, if .vertline.DVA.vertline.<K.alpha. is judged at step J104 of FIG. 16, the sequence advances to step J109 via step J108 as described hereinabove, and in the control cycle then, the aimed speed VS set at step J103 is used as an aimed speed in the control for constant speed running at step J109 to J116 described below.
To the contrary, in the following control cycle or cycles subsequent to a control cycle in which the sequence advances to step J109 via step J108, the automatic cruise mode control is executed continuously. Then, since the value of the flag I.sub.8 remains 0 unless the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated, the sequence advances, depending upon such judgement at step J101, to step J109 at which the following control is executed.
At step J109, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the aimed speed changing switch 48 of the automatic cruise switch 18 is in a position turned in the (+) direction in FIG. 6. In case it is judged that the (+) side contact of the aimed speed changing switch 48 is in an on-state, the sequence advances to step J110 at which the value of the aimed speed VS for the preceding control cycle added by a preset correction amount VT.sub.3 is set as a new aimed speed VS, whereafter the sequence advances to step J113. To the contrary, if the (+) side contact of the aimed speed changing switch 48 is not in an on-state at step J109, the sequence advances to step J111.
At step J111, it is judged whether or not the aimed speed changing switch 48 is in a position turned in the (-) direction in FIG. 6. In case the (-) side contact of the aimed speed changing switch 48 is in an on-state, the sequence advances to step J112 at which the value of the aimed speed VS in the preceding control cycle subtracted by the correction amount VT.sub.3 is set as a new aimed speed VS, whereafter the sequence advances to step J113. To the contrary, if the (-) side contact of the aimed speed changing switch 48 is not in an on-state at step J111, the sequence advances directly to step J113.
By such control at steps J109 to J112 as described above, modification of the aimed speed VS by the aimed speed changing switch 48 is executed, and if the on-state of the (+) side contact of the aimed speed changing switch 48 is continued, then the aimed speed VS is increased for each control cycle by the control at step J110. To the contrary, if the on-state of the (-) side contact of the aimed speed changing switch 48 is continued, the aimed speed VS is decreased for each control cycle by the control at step J112.
Thus, if such modification of the aimed speed VS by the aimed speed changing switch 48 as described above is executed and then the turning motion of the in the (+) or (-) direction in FIG. 6 is stopped whereafter the aimed speed changing switch 48 is returned to the intermediate stopping position, then the aimed speed VS modified in the just preceding control cycle will be employed as an aimed speed in the following control cycle or cycles. Accordingly, in case the aimed speed changing switch 48 is not operated at all after the sequence advances from step J104 to step J109 via step J108, the aimed speed VS set at step J103 will be employed as an aimed speed in the following control cycle or cycles.
Such modification of the aimed speed VS by the control at steps J109 to J112 as described above is performed only after the absolute value of the actual acceleration DVA has decreased to a value smaller than the reference value K.alpha. as described above. Accordingly, modification of the aimed speed VS by the aimed speed changing switch 48 is enabled only when the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition after the speed thereof has become substantially fixed.
Subsequently at step J113, a difference VS-VA between the aimed speed VS and the actual speed VS read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is calculated, whereafter the sequence advances to step J114.
At step J114, control of high stability is required rather than control of high responsibility because the speed of the vehicle is already substantially fixed. Accordingly, among the three actual accelerations DVA.sub.65, DVA.sub.130 and DVA.sub.850 calculated in the interrupt control of steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv) and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i), the actual acceleration DVA.sub.850 which has a highest stability as described hereinabove is designated as a value of the actual acceleration DVA which is to be used at step E123 of FIG. 12 which will be hereinafter described.
Then at step J115, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 corresponding to the difference VS-VA between the aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA calculated at step J113 is found out by control executed in accordance with the flow chart of steps M101 to M106 of FIG. 18. Then at step J116, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 is substituted as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS which is to be used at step E123 of FIG. 12 which will be hereinafter described, thereby completing the present aimed speed control. The sequence then advances to step E123 of FIG. 12.
Determination of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 at step J115 is performed in accordance with the flow chart shown in FIG. 18 by the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25. Referring to FIG. 18, at first at step M101, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 corresponding to the difference VS-VA calculated at step J113 of FIG. 16 is read out from a map #MDVS3. The map #MDVS3 is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS3 using the difference VS-VA as a parameter. The difference VS-VA and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 have such a relationship as illustrated in FIG. 23.
Subsequently at step M102, an acceleration allowance DVMAX corresponding to the difference VS-VA is read out from a map #MDVMAX. The map #MDVMAX is provided to find out an acceleration allowance DVMAX using the difference VS-VA as a parameter. The difference VS-VA and the acceleration allowance DVMAX have such a relationship as illustrated in FIG. 24.
Then at step M103, the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 subtracted by the value of DVS.sub.850 designated as the actual acceleration DVA at step J114 of FIG. 16 (that is, the value of DVS-DVA) is calculated as an acceleration difference DVX. Then at subsequent step M104, it is judged whether or not the acceleration difference DVX is smaller than the acceleration allowance DVMAX (DVX<DVMAX).
In case DVX<DVMAX is judged at step M104, the sequence advances to step M105 at which the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is designated as an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4. To the contrary, if DVX<DVMAX is not judged at step M104, the sequence advances to step M106 at which the actual speed DVA added by the acceleration allowance DVMAX is designated as an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4.
By making a determination of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 by such control of steps M101 to M106 as described above, the amount of variation of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 is restricted within the acceleration allowance DVMAX. Accordingly, a change in acceleration of the vehicle which is performed to restore a speed of the vehicle which has suddenly changed by some causes during constant speed running of the vehicle will proceed moderately.
In case the sequence advances to step E123 of FIG. 12 either after the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 determined in value by the control of steps M101 to M106 has been substituted into the aimed acceleration DVS at step J116 of FIG. 16 or after the value of the aimed acceleration DVS has been set by the control of step J106 or J107, an aimed torque TOM.sub.2 of the engine 13 necessary to make the acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS is calculated in accordance with the following equation (5):
It is to be noted that the equation (5) above is substantially same as the equation (1) or (4) given hereinabove, but, in case the sequence advances from step J106 or J107 of FIG. 16 to step E123, DVA in the equation (5) is the value designated by the control of steps C141 to C143 of FIG. 10. To the contrary, in case the sequence advances from step J116 of FIG. 16 to step E123, DVA in the equation (5) is DVA.sub.850 designated at step J114 of FIG. 16.
After then, the sequence advances to step E124 at which a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 corresponding to the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 calculated at step E123 and the engine rotational speed N.sub.E detected by the engine rotational speed detecting section 21 and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out from the aforementioned map #MTH (not shown), and then the sequence advances to step E125.
The control at steps E123 and E124 is executed commonly by the constant speed controlling section 8, acceleration controlling section 9 and deceleration controlling section 10 of the control section 25. Thus, in case the sequence advances from step E133 to step E123, control is executed at steps E123 and E124 by the constant speed controlling section 8 to set a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 as described above.
Subsequently at step E125, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1. In case I.sub.11 =1 is judged, then the sequence advances to step E126 because the present control cycle falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed. To the contrary, if I.sub.11 =1 is not judged, the present control cycle does not fall on such timing, and accordingly, the automatic cruise mode control for the present control cycle is completed without performing opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31.
In case the sequence advances to step E126, the throttle valve 31 is pivoted, in a similar manner as at step E109, to a position which provides the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 determined at step E124. Consequently, a torque substantially equal to the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 is produced from the engine 13. Then, since such opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 in the present control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement, the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0 at subsequent step E127, thereby completing the automatic cruise mode control in the present control cycle.
As described above, either if treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 is canceled in a released condition of the brake pedal 28 or if treadling of the brake pedal 28 is canceled in a released condition of the accelerator pedal 27, then transition to a running condition by the automatic cruise mode control takes place, and then if neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 is operated, then the throttle valve 31 is temporarily pivoted directly after such canceling so that the speed of the vehicle directly after canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 or the brake pedal 28 may be maintained. Then, after transition to the automatic cruise mode control, the throttle valve 31 is pivoted, for each timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, in accordance with a throttle valve opening set by the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25.
In particular, since, even if such pivotal motion of the throttle valve 31 that may assure maintenance of the speed of the vehicle directly after releasing of the pedal 27 or 28 is performed temporarily without waiting a controlling cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 after canceling of treading of the pedal 27 or 28, the speed of the vehicle varies to some degree after then, the throttle valve 31 is pivoted for each control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, thereby reducing variation in speed of the vehicle until a substantially fixed speed is finally reached.
Accordingly, in case neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 is operated after canceling of treading of the pedal 27 or 28, the following control takes place except an instance wherein more sudden braking than a reference level by the brake (not shown) continues for an interval of time longer than the reference interval of time and the speed of the vehicle upon ending of such braking is lower than the reference value.
In short, a throttle valve opening is set by the constant speed controlling section (not shown) of the control section 25 so that such an output power may be obtained from the engine 13 that a speed of the vehicle substantially equal to the speed of the vehicle at a point of time when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed to constant speed running (at an instant at which treadling of the pedal is canceled) can be maintained. Then, the throttle valve 31 is pivoted for each timing for opening or closing movement thereof in accordance with the throttle valve opening, and as a result, the vehicle makes constant speed running at a predetermined speed.
After the speed of the vehicle has become substantially fixed by such pivotal motion of the throttle valve 31, it is enabled to modify the aimed speed of the vehicle during constant speed running by operation of the aimed speed changing switch 48, and an amount of variation of the aimed speed of the vehicle can be obtained which increases in proportion to the duration of a condition wherein the aimed speed changing switch 48 is held turned in the (+) direction or in the (-) direction in FIG. 6.
After transition to a running condition of the vehicle by the automatic cruise mode control, if neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 is operated; then the control is such as described above. Now, control when the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated after such transition as described above is described.
In case the acceleration switch 45 is operated so that it is changed over to any one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6 after the speed of the vehicle has become substantially fixed by the control described above after transition to a running condition of the vehicle by the automatic cruise mode control, the sequence advances via step E101 of FIG. 12 to step E110 at which it is judged whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 has been changed from that in the preceding control cycle as described hereinabove.
In case the sequence advances to step E110 in a first cycle after the position of the acceleration switch 45 has been changed, the sequence advances, depending upon such judgment at step E110, to step E111 at which the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0 and then to step E112 at which the value of a flag I.sub.9 is changed to 0, whereafter the sequence advances to step E114. It is to be noted that the flag I.sub.9 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that control for smoothly raising the acceleration of the vehicle to an aimed acceleration set in accordance with the position of the acceleration switch 45 after changing of the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 to accelerated running as a result of operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 was executed already in the preceding control cycle.
At step E114, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) in the present control cycle whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 is in FIG. 6. In case it is judged that the position is , the sequence advances to step E115, but on the contrary if it is judged that the position is not , then the sequence advances to step E116.
In case the sequence advances to step E116, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 has been changed over to accelerated running and the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 1. Then at step E117, the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0, whereafter the sequence advances to step E118.
It is to be noted that the control cycle then is a first control cycle after the position of the acceleration 45 has been changed and opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is not yet performed after such changing. Thus, the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0 at step E118, and then at step E119, the value DVA.sub.65 read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is adopted as a value of the actual acceleration DVA to be used subsequently in the present control cycle from a similar reason as at step E118. After then, the sequence advances to step E120.
At step E120, a final aimed speed VS of the vehicle which is an aimed value of the speed of the vehicle after acceleration is set by the final aimed speed setting section 6 of the control section 25. The value of VS is set to a value of the sum between a preset correction amount V.sub.K1 and the actual speed VA detected by the speed/acceleration detecting section 24 and read in by the control section 25 (refer to step A103 of FIG. 8(i)) in the present control cycle.
Then, the sequence advances to step E121 at which the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25 executes acceleration switch control in accordance with the flow chart of steps G101 to G105 shown in FIG. 14. In the acceleration switch control, a value of an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 is set in accordance with the position , or of the acceleration switch 45 shown in FIG. 6.
In short, it is judged at steps G101 and G103 of FIG. 14 at which one of positions , and the acceleration switch 45 is, and setting of the value of the acceleration DVS.sub.2 is executed at step G102, G104 and G105 for the individual positions , and .
In particular, referring to FIG. 14, it is judged at first at step G101 whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position shown in FIG. 6, and in case the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , the sequence advances to step G102 at which a value DVSb set in advance for the position is substituted into the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2. To the contrary, in case it is judged at step G101 that the acceleration switch 45 is not at the position , the sequence advances to step G103 at which it is judged whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position shown in FIG. 6. In case it is judged that the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , the sequence advances to step G104 at which a value DVSc set in advance for the position is substituted into the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2.
To the contrary, in case it is judged at step G103 that the acceleration switch 45 is not at the position , this means that the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , and accordingly, a value DVSd set in advance for the position is substituted into the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2. It is to be noted that the reason why it can be judged at step G103 that the acceleration switch 45 is at the position is that it has been judged already at step E114 of FIG. 12 before the acceleration switch control is entered that the position of the acceleration switch 45 is not and it has been judged already at steps G101 and G103 that the position of the acceleration switch 45 is neither nor .
Setting of a value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 corresponding to the position of the acceleration switch 45 is executed in this manner. However, since the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 is an aimed value of the acceleration of the vehicle when it becomes fixed after acceleration has been started as a result of designation of accelerated running by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25, one of the three accelerated conditions (DVSb, DVSc and DVSd) of the vehicle is selected in accordance with the position , or of the acceleration switch 45. Such DVSb, DVSc and DVSd have values having a relationship of DVSb<DVSc<DVSd and corresponding to moderate acceleration, intermediate acceleration and quick acceleration, respectively.
The acceleration switch control is thus completed, and the sequence then advances to step E122 of FIG. 12 at which acceleration control is executed principally by the acceleration controlling section 9 of the control section 25.
The acceleration control is executed in accordance with the position of the acceleration switch 45 when accelerated running is designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 as described hereinabove. In the acceleration control, the acceleration of the vehicle is raised smoothly to the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 designated in accordance with the position (, or ) of the acceleration switch 45 by the aimed acceleration setting section. By such accelerated running, the change in acceleration is made smooth when the speed of the vehicle reaches the final aimed speed set by the final aimed speed setting section 6 and the final aimed speed modification controlling section 6a of the control section 25.
Such acceleration control is executed in accordance with the flow chart illustrated at steps L101 to L120 of FIG. 17.
Referring to FIG. 17, it is judged at first at step L101 whether or not the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is greater than the preset reference value K.sub.5 (VA>K.sub.5). In case VA>K.sub.5 is judged, the sequence advances directly to step L104, but on the contrary if VA>K.sub.5 is not judged, the sequence advances to step L104 via steps S102 and L103.
In case the sequence advances from step L101 to L102, an aimed acceleration DVSAC corresponding to the actual speed VA and the position of the acceleration switch 45 as represented by the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out from a map #MDVSAC.
The map #MDVSAC is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVSAC using the actual speed VA and the position of the acceleration switch 45 as parameters. The actual speed VA and the position of the acceleration switch 45 have such a relationship to the aimed acceleration DVSAC as illustrated in FIG. 26.
In particular, while the actual speed VA varies from 0 to the reference value K.sub.5, the aimed acceleration DVSAC increases in a corresponding relationship to an increase of the actual speed VA for each of the positions to of the acceleration switch 45 shown in FIG. 6. Thus, when the actual speed VA becomes equal to the reference value K.sub.5, the value of the aimed acceleration DVSAC becomes equal to the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 set for each of the position to of the acceleration switch 45 in the acceleration switch control (refer to FIG. 14) at step E121 of FIG. 12.
Then, the sequence advances to step L103 at which the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 set by the acceleration switch control is changed to DVSAC read out at step L102, and then the sequence advances to step L104.
In short, when the speed of the vehicle is higher than the reference value K.sub.5, the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 remains the value set in the acceleration switch control. To the contrary, when the speed of the vehicle is lower than the reference value K.sub.5 as at a time directly after starting, the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 increases as the speed increases, and a value smaller than the value set in the acceleration switch control is used as the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2.
Subsequently at step L104, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.11 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the present control cycle falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 should be performed (a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle) as described hereinabove. In case it is judged at step L104 that the value of the flag I.sub.11 is not equal to 1, the acceleration control in the present control cycle is completed immediately because the present control cycle does not fall on a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle.
To the contrary, in case it is judged at step L104 that the value I.sub.11 is equal to 1, this means that the present control cycle falls on a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle, and the sequence advances to step L105 to continuously execute the acceleration control.
At step L105, it is judged whether or not the value of a flag I.sub.9 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.9 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that control at step L108 or L110 which will be hereinafter described was executed in the preceding control cycle. In case the sequence advances to step L105 for the first time after changing over of the acceleration switch 45 has been effected, it is judged at step L105 that the value of the flag I.sub.9 is not equal to 1 because the value of the flag I.sub.9 has been changed to 0 at step E113 of FIG. 12 as described hereinabove, and the sequence thus advances to step L106.
At step L106, the value of a flag I.sub.13 is changed to 0, and then the sequence advances to step L107. The flag I.sub.13 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 designated in value at step L108 or step L110 which will be hereinafter described and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 set in the acceleration switch control do not have a relationship of DVS.sub.1 <DVS.sub.2.
At subsequent step L107, the value of the flag I.sub.9 is changed to 1, and then the sequence advance to step L108.
A step L108, a sum of the actual acceleration DVA into which DVS.sub.65 has been substituted at step E119 of FIG. 12 and the preset correction amount .DELTA.DV.sub.1 (DVA+.DELTA.DV.sub.1) is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1, and then the sequence advances to step L111.
At step L111, it is judged whether or not the two aimed accelerations DVS.sub.1 and DVS.sub.2 set in this manner have a relationship of DVS.sub.1 <DVS.sub.2. In case there is no significant difference between the actual acceleration DVA and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 and consequently it is judged at step L111 that the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 do not have a relationship of DVS.sub.1 <DVS.sub.2, the sequence advances to step L113 at which the value of the flag I.sub.13 is changed to 1, whereafter the sequence advances to step L114.
To the contrary, in case it is judged at step L111 that the relationship of DVS.sub.1 <DVS.sub.2 is satisfied, the sequence advances to step L112 at which the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS which is to be used for accelerated running of the vehicle in the automatic cruise mode control in the present control cycle.
It is to be noted that, in case the present control cycle is a control cycle in which the sequence advances to step L105 for the first time after the acceleration switch 45 has been changed over to any one of the positions to in FIG. 6 and further changing over of the acceleration switch 45 is not performed so that the acceleration control is executed continuously in the following control cycle as described hereinabove, since the flag I.sub.9 have been changed to 1 in value at step L107 in the present control cycle, the sequence will advance, in the following control cycle, to step L109 depending upon such judgment at step L105.
At step L109, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.13 is equal to 1. Here, in case the sequence advanced from step L111 to step L113 in one of the preceding cycles to change the value of the flag I.sub.13 to 1, the sequence now advances from step L109 to L114. To the contrary, in case the sequence did not advance from step L111 to step L113 in the preceding control cycles, the sequence advances to step L110 because the value of the flag I.sub.13 is not equal to 1.
At step L110, a sum of the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 in the preceding cycle and the correction amount .DELTA.DV.sub.1 is designated as a new value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1, and then the sequence advances to step L111.
Accordingly, the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 is increased in proportion to a time elapsed as the sequence advances repetitively to step L110 until it is judged at step L109 that the value of the flag I.sub.13 is equal to 1.
Then, if the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 increases until it is judged at step L111 that the relationship of DVS.sub.1 <DVS.sub.2 is satisfied no more, the sequence now advances from step L111 to L113 at which the value of the flag I.sub.13 is changed to 1. Consequently, in the following control cycle, the sequence will advance from step L109 to L114 so that the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 may not increase any more.
To the contrary, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 the value of which increases in such a manner as described above is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS at step L112 until it is judged at step L111 that the relationship DVS.sub.1 <DVS.sub.2 is satisfied no more. However, if DVS.sub.1 <DVS.sub.2 is not judged at step L111, then the sequence will advance to step L114 in the following cycle as described above. Accordingly, such designation of DVS=DVS.sub.1 does not take place any more.
After the sequence advances to step L114, a difference VS-VA between the final aimed speed VS set in value at step E120 of FIG. 12 and the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is calculated. Then at subsequent step L115, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 corresponding to the difference VS-VA is read out from the nap #MDVS3.
The map #MDVS3 is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 using the difference VS-VA as a parameter as described hereinabove, and the difference VS-VA and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 have such a relationship as illustrated in FIG. 23.
Then the sequence advances to step L116. At step L116, it is judged whether or not the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 have a relationship of DVS.sub.2 <DVS.sub.3. Here, if it is judged that the relationship DVS.sub.2 <DVS.sub.3 is satisfied, then the sequence advances to step L117 at which the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS, thereby completing the acceleration control. To the contrary, in case it is judged at step L116 that the relationship DVS.sub.2 <DVS.sub.3 is not satisfied, the sequence advances to step L118 at which it is judged by the final condition detecting section 11 of the control section 25 whether or not the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. of the difference VS-VA is smaller than a preset reference value K.sub.4.
As shown in FIG. 23, when the value of the difference VS-VA is equal to the correction amount V.sub.K1 (correction amount added to the actual speed VA in order to set the final aimed speed VS at step E120 of FIG. 12), an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 determined in accordance with the map #MDVS3 has a greater value than the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2.
Accordingly, in case the sequence advances to step L116 in a control cycle in which the sequence has advanced to step L116 for the first time after changing over of the acceleration switch 45, the difference VS-VA is substantially equal to the correction amount V.sub.K1. Consequently, DVS.sub.2 <DVS.sub.3 is judged at step L116, and the sequence advances to step L117.
To the contrary, if changing over of the acceleration switch 45 does not take place and the acceleration control is continued to accelerate the vehicle in such a manner as hereinafter described in the following control cycle, the actual speed VA approaches the final aimed speed VS so that the value of the difference VS-VA decreases. In response to such decrease of the difference VS-VA, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is decreased as seen in FIG. 23.
Then, if the difference VS-VA becomes smaller than V.alpha. shown in FIG. 23 and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 becomes smaller than the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2, then the sequence advances to step L118 depending upon such judgment at step L116.
Here, in case it is judged at step L118 that a relationship of .vertline.VS-VA.vertline.<K.sub.4 is not satisfied, the sequence directly advances to step L119, but on the contrary if it is judged that the relationship of .vertline.VS-VA.vertline.<K.sub.4 is satisfied, the sequence advances to step L119 via step L120 as it is determined that the speed of the vehicle has reached the final aimed speed. At step L119, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS, thereby completing the acceleration control.
Accordingly, in a control cycle after the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 has become smaller than the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS. Since the aimed acceleration DVS is an aimed value of the acceleration upon accelerated running of the vehicle, after the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is designated, the actual acceleration decreases as the actual speed VA approaches the final aimed speed VS.
After the actual speed VA becomes substantially equal to the final aimed speed VS, .vertline.VS-VA.vertline.<K.sub.4 is judged at step L118, and the sequence advances to step L120 as described hereinabove.
Such judgment detects that the final aimed speed VS has been reached by the speed of the vehicle as a result of accelerated running. Thus, after such detection is achieved, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 at step L120 by the running condition changing over section 12 of the control section 25 in order to change the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 to constant speed running at the final aimed speed VS. It is to be noted that the flag I.sub.4 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that designation of the running condition designating section 3 should be changed to constant speed running.
After completion of the acceleration control at step E122 of FIG. 12 in such a manner as described above, the sequence advances to step E123 at which an aimed torque TOM.sub.2 of the engine 13 necessary to make the acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS is calculated as described hereinabove in accordance with the equation (5) given hereinabove.
Then at step E124, a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 with which the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 can be obtained from the engine 13 is determined, and then the sequence advances to step E125. It is to be noted that, when the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is accelerated running, the control at step E123 and step E124 is executed by the acceleration controlling section 9 of the control section 25 in such a manner as described hereinabove.
The sequence advances from step E122 to step E125 via steps E123 and E124 in case it is judged at step L104 of FIG. 17 that the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1. Accordingly, I.sub.11 =1 is judged at step E125, and the sequence advances to step E126 at which the throttle valve 31 is actuated to a position provided by the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 in such a manner as described hereinabove.
Then at subsequent step E127, the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 1, thereby completing the automatic cruise mode control in the present control cycle.
Since a torque substantially equal to the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 is produced from the engine 13 by actuating the throttle valve in such a manner as as described, the vehicle makes accelerated running at an acceleration substantially equal to the aimed acceleration DVS.
While a control cycle wherein the sequence advances to step E116 via steps E110 to E114 in such a manner as described above is executed in response to changing over of the acceleration switch 45 to one of the positions to in FIG. 6, if neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 is operated, the automatic cruise mode control will be executed continuously in the following control cycle. In this instance, it is judged at first at step E101 of FIG. 12 that the contact of the accelerator switch 15 has been in an on-state, and the sequence thus advances to step E110. This is because, also in the preceding cycle, the accelerator pedal 27 was not treadled and the automatic cruise mode control was executed.
At step E110, it is judged whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 has been changed from that in the preceding control cycle as described hereinabove. Here, since the acceleration switch 45 has not been operated, the judgment is in the negative and the sequence thus advances to step E128 at which the changing over switch control related to the changing over switch 46 is executed.
Such changing over switch control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps F101 to F121 of FIG. 13 as described hereinabove.
Referring to FIG. 13, at first at step F101, it is judged whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state. Since here the changing over switch 46 is not operated, the contact of the changing over switch 46 is not in an on-state, and the judgment at step F101 is in the negative. The sequence thus advances to step F111 at which the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0.
Then at subsequent step F112, the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
It is to be noted that, although described hereinabove, the flag I.sub.5 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the contact of the changing over switch 46 was in an on-state in the preceding control cycle, and the flag I.sub.6 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the present control cycle is a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state.
Then, the sequence advances to step E129 of FIG. 12 at which it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.4 indicates, when it assumes the value equal to 0, that the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 should be constant speed running as described hereinabove. Since here the value of the flag I.sub.4 was changed to 1 at step E116 in the first control cycle after changing over of the acceleration switch 45 to any one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6, so long as the accelerated running of the vehicle continues, the judgment at step E129 remains in the affirmative, and the sequence advances to step E130.
To the contrary, if the vehicle is accelerated until the running speed reaches the final aimed speed VS as described hereinabove, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 at step L120 of FIG. 17 by the running condition changing over section 12 of the control section 25. Consequently, the judgment at step E129 becomes in the negative, and the sequence advances to step E132. It is to be noted that, in this instance, the designation by the running condition designating station 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running.
To the contrary, in case the sequence advances from step E129 to step E130, it is judged at step E130 whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 is . Since here at step E130 the acceleration switch 45 is at any one of the positions to , the judgment is in the negative, and the sequence advances to step E121 at which acceleration switch control is executed.
The acceleration switch control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps G101 to G105 of FIG. 14 by the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25 to accomplish setting of an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 corresponding to the position of the acceleration switch 45 as described hereinabove.
Then at step E122, acceleration control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps L101 to L120 of FIG. 17 principally by the acceleration controlling section 9 of the control section 25 to effect setting of an aimed acceleration DVS for acceleration running of the vehicle as described hereinabove. In case such setting of an aimed acceleration is effected when the present control cycle falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement is to be performed, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is subsequently performed at steps E123 to E127 as described hereinabove so that the vehicle makes accelerated running at an acceleration substantially equal to the aimed acceleration DVS.
After the running speed of the vehicle reaches the final aimed speed VS as a result of accelerated running, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running as described hereinabove, and then the sequence advances from step E129 to step E132. At step E132, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.6 is equal to 1. Since the flag I.sub.6 has been changed to 0 in value at step F112 of FIG. 13, the sequence advances from step E132 to step E133 at which aimed speed control is executed.
The aimed speed control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps J101 to J116 of FIG. 16 principally by the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25 as described hereinabove.
In short, since the value of the flag I.sub.8 has been changed to 0 in the first control cycle after changing over of the acceleration switch 45 (refer to step E117 of FIG. 12), I.sub.8 is not judged at step J101, and consequently, the sequence advances normally to J109 unless either the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated.
The control which is to be executed at steps J109 to J116 subsequently is such as described hereinabove, and setting of a value of the aimed acceleration DVS for making the running speed of the vehicle coincide with the aimed speed VS and for maintaining the same at a fixed level is accomplished.
After completion of the aimed speed control, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is performed at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 12 as described hereinabove so that the vehicle makes constant speed running at a running speed substantially equal to the aimed speed VS.
Accordingly, after the final aimed speed VS has been reached by the running speed of the vehicle as a result of acceleration of the vehicle by changing over of the acceleration switch 45 to any one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6, the final aimed speed VS is regarded as an aimed speed, and the running speed of the vehicle is maintained fixed at the aimed speed after then.
In case the changing over switch 45 is changed to change the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 to accelerated running and the vehicle is accelerated at an aimed acceleration DVS designated in the acceleration control at step E122, the aimed acceleration DVS and the running speed of the vehicle exhibit such variations, for example, as illustrated in FIGS. 27(i) and 27(ii), respectively. It is to be noted that FIG. 27(i) illustrates a variation in value of the aimed acceleration DVS with respect to a time elapsed after such changing over of the changing over switch 45 while FIG. 27(ii) illustrates a variation in value of the running speed of the vehicle with respect to a time elapsed after changing over of the changing over switch 45.
In short, if the vehicle is running at first at a fixed running speed v.sub.1 and the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to any one of the positions to at a certain point of time t.sub.0 as shown in FIGS. 27(i) and 27(ii), then accelerated running is designated. Then, acceleration is started with the aimed acceleration the value of which has been set by the step L108 of FIG. 17. In this instance, since the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 set at step L110 of FIG. 17 is set to the aimed acceleration DVS for accelerated running for each control cycle which falls on a timing at which opening or closing of the throttle valve 31 is to be performed, the aimed acceleration DVS will be increased for each such control cycle in such a stepwise condition as seen in FIG. 27(i).
Meanwhile, as the aimed acceleration DVS increases in this manner, the running speed of the vehicle begins to increase smoothly at the point of time t.sub.0.
As a result, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.1 will finally become higher, at a point of time t.sub.1, than the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 set in accordance with the position of the acceleration switch 45 by the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25. Consequently, in a control cycle after the point of time t.sub.1, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 is employed as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS. Accordingly, the aimed acceleration DVS thereafter presents a fixed value as seen in FIG. 27(i), and consequently, the running speed of the vehicle will increase substantially at a fixed rate as seen in FIG. 27(ii).
Then, after the running speed reaches, at a point of time t.sub.2, a value smaller by V.alpha. shown in FIG. 23 than the final aimed speed VS set at step E120 of FIG. 12, the aimed speed DVS.sub.3 read out at step L115 of FIG. 17 from the map #MDVS3 presents a smaller value than the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2. Then, in a control cycle after the point of time t.sub.2, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is employed as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS.
Since the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 decreases as the difference VS-VA between the final aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA as shown in FIG. 23 decreases, as the running speed increases, the aimed acceleration DVS gradually decreases for each control cycle in such a stepwise condition as shown in FIG. 27(i).
Due to such decrease of the aimed acceleration DVS, the rate of rise of the running speed is gradually moderated as seen in FIG. 27(ii).
Then, if it is judged after a point of time t.sub.3 by the final condition detecting section 11 of the control section 25 that the difference between the running speed and the final aimed speed VS is smaller than the reference value K.sub.4, changing over to constant speed running designated by the running condition designating section 3 is executed by the running condition changing over section 12 of the control section 25, thereby completing the accelerated running of the vehicle. In a control cycle after the point of time t.sub.3, constant speed running of the vehicle is performed by the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25 at the aimed acceleration set in the aimed speed control at step E133 of FIG. 12.
As a result, the running speed smoothly approaches the final aimed speed VS and reaches a value substantially equal to the final aimed speed VS at the point of time t.sub.3, and after the point of time t.sub.3, the running speed presents a substantially same value as the final aimed speed VS as seen in FIG. 27(ii). Meanwhile, the aimed acceleration DVS presents a value near 0 at the point of time t.sub.3, and after the point of time t.sub.3, the aimed acceleration DVS presents a value for maintaining the running speed at a value coincident with the final aimed speed VS.
The control when the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to any one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6 but the changing over switch 46 is not operated proceeds in such a manner as described above. Subsequently, description will be given of control which is executed when the changing over switch 46 is operated while such accelerated running of the vehicle as described hereinabove is still continued.
If the changing over switch 46 is pulled forwardly in FIG. 6 into an on-state, then the sequence advances from step E101 to step E110 shown in FIG. 12 in a similar manner as described hereinabove. Since the position of the acceleration switch 45 has not been changed from that in the preceding control cycle, the judgment at step E110 is in the negative, and the sequence thus advances to step E128. A step E128, changing over switch control is executed in accordance with the flow chart of steps F101 to F121 shown in FIG. 13 as described hereinabove.
In the changing over switch control, at first at step F101, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state. In this instance, since an operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is at a forwardly pulled position in FIG. 6, it is judged that the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state, and the sequence advances to step F102.
At step F102, the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1, and then at subsequent step F103, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.5 is equal to 1. It is to be noted that the flag I.sub.5 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the contact of the changing over switch 46 was in an on-state in the preceding control cycle as described hereinabove.
In case the sequence advances to step F103 in a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed into an on-state, since the value of the flag I.sub.5 has been changed to 0 at step F111 in the control cycle before changing over of the contact of the changing over switch 46 into an on-state, the sequence advances to step F104 depending upon such judgement at step F103. Then at step F104, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 1, whereafter the sequence advances to step F105.
When the sequence advances from step F105 to step F104 as described hereinabove, a flag I.sub.6 is set to 1. It is to be noted that the flag I.sub.6 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the present cycle is a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed into an on-state as described hereinabove.
To the contrary, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 was already in an on-state in the preceding control cycle, the value of the flag I.sub.5 has been changed to 1 at step F104 in the preceding control cycle. Accordingly, the sequence advances to step F113 depending upon such judgment at step F103.
At step F106 subsequent to step F105, the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0, and then the sequence advances to step F107. It is to be noted that, although described hereinabove, the flag I.sub.12 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, either that opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 has not yet been performed in a control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is encountered for the first time after entering automatic cruise mode control in a control cycle, or that, although such opening or closing movement has been performed, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 has not been performed in a control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is first encountered after modification of the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 as a result of operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46.
At step F107, since the present control cycle is a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, a running condition different from the running condition of the vehicle which has been designated by the running condition designating section (not shown) till the preceding control cycle is designated. To this end, giving preference to the superiority in follow-up performance to an actual acceleration value, DVA.sub.65 read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is used as the value of the actual acceleration DVA.
At subsequent step F108, it is judged whether or not the value of a flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. It is to be noted that the flag I.sub.4 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that constant speed running should be designated by the running condition designating section (not shown).
Here, since the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed over to an on-state while the accelerated running of the vehicle designated by changing over of the acceleration switch 45 still continues, the present control cycle is a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed into an on-state and accordingly the value of the flag I.sub.4 is not changed after it has been changed to 1 at step E116 of FIG. 12. Accordingly, I.sub.4 =1 is judged at step F108, and the sequence thus advances to step F109.
At step F109, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 by the running condition changing over section 12 of the control section 25, and then the sequence advances to step F110. At step F110, the latest actual speed VA.sub.I found out in the interrupt control of steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv) is read in, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
After the changing over switch control at step E128 of FIG. 12 has been executed in such a manner as described above, the sequence advances to subsequent step E129 at which it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 in value at step F109 of FIG. 13, I.sub.4 =1 is not judged at step E129, and the sequence thus advances to step E132 so that the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running.
At step E132, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.6 is equal to 1 (I.sub.6 =1). Since the value of the flag I.sub.6 has been changed to 1 at step F105 of FIG. 13, I.sub.6 =1 is judged at step E132, and the sequence advances to step E105.
The control at step E105 and steps E106 to E109 following the step E105 is quite the same as the control executed at steps E105 to E109 in the first control cycle after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27 described hereinabove. Accordingly, in the present control (E105 to E109), irrespective of whether or not the present control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to a throttle valve opening with which it is forecast that constant speed running can be assured with an aimed speed defined by the actual speed VA.sub.I upon changing over of the changing over switch 46. As a result, a torque substantially equal to a desired torque (of a magnitude required for constant speed running) is produced from the engine 13, and the running condition of the vehicle begins to change from accelerated running to constant speed running.
Such control as described above is executed in the first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state. However, in case the acceleration switch 45 is not operated while the automatic cruise mode control is executed continuously in the following control cycle, the sequence advances via steps E101 and E110 of FIG. 12 to step E128 to execute changing over switch control in a similar manner as described above.
The changing over switch control is executed also in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps F101 to F121 of FIG. 13 as described hereinabove. In case the sequence advances from step F101 to step F102, however, since the contact of the changing over switch 46 continues in an on-state and the value of the flag I.sub.5 remains 1 after having been changed to 1 at step F104 in the first control cycle after changing over of the contract of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state, the sequence advances to step F113 depending upon judgment at step F103 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.5 is equal to 1.
At step F113, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 in value at step F109 in the control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, I.sub.4 =1 is not judged at step F113, and the sequence thus advances to step F112. Then at step F112, the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
Meanwhile, in case the sequence advances from step F101 to step F111, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0 at step F111, and then the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0 at step F112, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
Accordingly, the changing over switch control when the contact of the changing over switch 46 remains in an on-state continuously after the preceding control cycle and the changing over switch control when the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed over from an on-state in the present control cycle are different only in setting of the value of the flag I.sub.5.
In case the sequence advances to step E129 of FIG. 12 subsequently after completion of the changing over switch control, it is judged at step E129 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Here, since the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step F109 of FIG. 13 and remains as it is, the sequence advances to step E132 depending upon such judgment at step E129. Consequently, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 remains constant speed running.
At step E132, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.6 is equal to 1. Here, since the value of the flag I.sub.6 has been changed to 0 at step F112 of FIG. 13, the sequence advances from step E132 to step E133 at which aimed speed control is executed.
The aimed speed control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps J101 to J116 of FIG. 16 as described hereinabove.
Referring to FIG. 16, it is judged at first at step J101 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.8 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.8 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that the vehicle is running substantially at a constant speed by the automatic cruise mode control. Here, since the value of the flag I.sub.8 has been changed to 1 when the sequence advanced from step E132 via step E105 to step E106 of FIG. 12 in the first control cycle after changing over of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state as described hereinabove, the sequence advances to step J102 depending upon such judgment at step J101.
Control which is executed at steps J102 to J107 is quite the same as the control executed in the aimed speed control at step E133 in the following cycles after execution of the control at steps E101 to E109 of FIG. 12 in the first control cycle after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27.
In particular, setting of an aimed acceleration DVS necessary to gradually reduce the actual acceleration DVS is performed for each throttle valve opening/closing cycle.
Control at steps E123 to E127 which is executed after completion of such aimed speed control is similar to that described hereinabove. Thus, for each throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle, the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed to such a throttle valve opening (opening adjustment) with which an acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS can be obtained.
As a result, the acceleration of the vehicle is decreased gradually, and the running speed of the vehicle gradually approaches the actual speed VA.sub.I at a point of time when constant speed running is reached after turning on of the contact of the changing over switch 46 so that it soon becomes substantially fixed.
Then, if it is judged at step J104 of FIG. 16 that the absolute value .vertline.DVA.vertline. of the actual acceleration DVA is smaller than the preset reference value K.alpha., then the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0 at subsequent step J108, whereafter control is executed at steps J109 to J116.
Also the control at steps J109 to J116 is quite the same, similarly to the control at steps J101 to J107, as the control which is executed in the aimed speed control at step E133 of FIG. 12 when the automatic cruise mode control is executed as a result of releasing of the accelerator pedal 17. To the contrary, in a control cycle after a control cycle in which the judgment at step J104 is made, since the value of the flag I.sub.8 has been changed at step J108, the sequence will advance from step J101 to J109 to execute similar control.
In particular, after the running speed of the vehicle has become substantially fixed, setting of an aimed acceleration DVS necessary to maintain the running speed fixed is executed. To the contrary, in case the aimed speed changing switch 48 is changed over to the (+) side or the (-) side in FIG. 6, the set value of the aimed speed VS is increased or decreased in response to such changing over in order to maintain the running speed fixed.
Further, by control at steps E123 to E127 which is executed after completion of the aimed speed control, the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed to a required throttle valve opening (throttle valve opening with which an acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS can be obtained) as described hereinabove. As a result, the vehicle makes constant speed running at a constant running speed substantially coincident with the aimed speed.
As described so far, if the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state when accelerated running of the vehicle is being performed, then the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running, and the actual speed VA.sub.I at a point of time when the changing over takes place is used as an aimed speed for constant speed running.
Then, as a result of releasing of the accelerator pedal 27, the running speed of the vehicle is maintained substantially fixed in a similar manner as in the case of transition to a constant speed running condition.
In the following, description will be given of control when the operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is pulled forwardly to put the contact of the changing over switch 46 into an on-state while the designation by the running condition designating section 3 is constant speed running in the automatic cruise mode control with the acceleration switch 45 positioned at any one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6.
In this instance, after the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state, the sequence advances from step E101 to step E110 of FIG. 12 in a similar manner as in the case described hereinabove. At step E110, since operation of the switch 45 has not taken place, it is judged that the position of the acceleration switch 45 has not been changed from that in the preceding control cycle, and the sequence advances to step E128.
At step E128, changing over switch control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps F101 to F121 of FIG. 13 as described hereinabove.
In short, at first at step F101, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state, and the sequence advances to step F102 depending upon judgment at step F101.
At step F102, the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1, and then the sequence advances to step F103 at which it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.5 is equal to 1. In the preceding cycles, the automatic cruise mode control was executed without operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46, and the value of the flag I.sub.5 has been changed to 0 at step F111. Accordingly, in the first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, the sequence advances to step F104 depending upon judgment at step F103. Then, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 1 at step F104, and the sequence advances to step F105.
It is to be noted that, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 remains in an on-state to continue the automatic cruise mode control in which the sequence advances to step F103 in the following control cycle, the sequence then advances to step F113 depending upon judgment at step F103 because the flag I.sub.5 has been changed to 1 at step F104 in the first control cycle after changing over of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state as described hereinabove.
Then, in case the sequence advances from step F103 via step F104 to step F105, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 1 at step F105, and then the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0 at subsequent step F106, whereafter the sequence advances to step F107.
At step F107, since the present control cycle is a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, a running condition different from the running condition of the vehicle which has been held designated till the preceding control cycle is designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25. To this end, giving preference here to the superiority in follow-up performance to an actual acceleration value, DVA.sub.65 read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is used as the value of the actual acceleration DVA.
At subsequent step F108, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1.
Here, in case the acceleration switch 45 has been changed over to effect accelerated running of the vehicle and then the running condition of the vehicle has entered a constant speed running condition at a final aimed speed as described hereinabove, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step L120 of FIG. 17.
To the contrary, in case the automatic cruise mode control has been executed to enter a constant speed running condition of the vehicle as a result of releasing of the accelerator pedal 27, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step E102 of FIG. 12. On the other hand, in case the automatic cruise mode control has been executed to enter a constant speed running condition of the vehicle as a result of releasing of the brake pedal 28, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step C145 of FIG. 10.
Further, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 was changed into an on-state to enter a constant speed running condition of the vehicle, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step F109 of FIG. 13.
Accordingly, I.sub.4 =1 is not judged at step F108, and the sequence advances to step F117.
At step F117, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 1, and then at step F118, the value of the flag I.sub.9 is changed to 0. Subsequently at step F119, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position shown in FIG. 6.
Since the acceleration switch 45 is positioned at one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6 then, the sequence advances to step F121 depending upon such judgment at step F117. At step F121, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to accelerated running.
In particular, at step F121, a value of a sum (VA+V.sub.K1) of the actual speed VA detected by the speed/acceleration detecting section 24 and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) in the preceding control cycle and the same preset correction amount V.sub.K1 as used at step E120 of FIG. 12 described hereinabove is set as a final aimed speed VS for accelerated running.
The changing over switch control in the preceding control cycle is completed with this.
In this manner, in the changing over switch control, a final aimed speed VS for accelerated running is set in a similar manner as in a case when the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6 in a constant speed running condition of the vehicle.
After the changing over switch control at step E128 of FIG. 12 has been executed in such a manner as described above, the sequence subsequently advances to step E129 at which it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 1 in value at step F117 of FIG. 13 as described hereinabove, the sequence advances to step E130 depending upon such judgment at step E129.
At step E130, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 is in FIG. 6. Here, since the position of the acceleration switch 45 is one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6, it is judged at step E130 that the acceleration switch 45 is not at the position , and the sequence advances to step E121.
At step E121, acceleration switch control is executed by the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25, and then the sequence advances to step E122 at which acceleration control is executed principally by the acceleration controlling section 9 of the control section 25.
Such acceleration switch control and acceleration control caused by operation of the changing over switch 46 are the same as the acceleration switch control and the acceleration control, respectively, which are executed when the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to cause designation of an accelerated running condition of the vehicle. Further, control which is executed in a first control cycle after operation of the changing over switch 46 is the same as the control which is executed in a first control cycle after changing over of the acceleration control switch 45 to cause designation of an accelerated running condition of the vehicle. Besides, control in a control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is first encountered after operation of the changing over switch 46 is the same as the control in a control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is first encountered after changing over of the acceleration switch 45 to cause designation of an accelerated running condition of the vehicle.
In particular, in a first control cycle after operation of the changing over switch 46, setting of an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 for a constant acceleration running condition corresponding to a position of the acceleration switch 45 is executed in the acceleration switch control, and then when the actual speed VA is lower than the preset reference value K.sub.5, the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 is changed to a value corresponding to the actual speed in the subsequent acceleration control.
To the contrary, in case the control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, the preset correction amount .DELTA.DV.sub.1 is added to the actual acceleration DVA additionally by the acceleration control, and the value of DVA+.DELTA.DV.sub.1 is set as an aimed acceleration DVS for assuring smooth starting of accelerated running of the vehicle.
In case a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed over to an on-state falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed in such a manner as described above at steps E123 to E127 after completion of the acceleration control. Consequently, acceleration of the vehicle is started at an acceleration substantially equal to the aimed acceleration DVS.
To the contrary, in case the first control cycle does not fall on such opening/closing timing, the automatic cruise mode control in the control cycle is completed without effecting setting of an aimed acceleration DVS by the acceleration control in the control cycle or opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 at steps E123 to E127.
Control in a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state is executed in such a manner as described so far. However, in case neither of the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 is treadled to continuously execute the automatic cruise mode control nor the acceleration switch 45 is changed over in the following control cycle, the sequence advances again via steps E101 and E110 of FIG. 20 to step F101 of FIG. 20 at which it is judged whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state in a similar manner as described hereinabove.
Then, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 remains in an on-state continuously from the preceding control cycle, the sequence advances to step F102 depending upon judgment at step F101. The operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is released to allow the automatic cruise switch 18 to be returned to its initial position. To the contrary, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an off-state, the sequence advances to step F111 depending upon such judgment at step F101.
In case the sequence advances from step F101 to F102, the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1 at step F102, and then the sequence advances to step F103 at which it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.5 is equal to 1. Since the value of the flag I.sub.5 has been changed to 1 at step F104 in the first control cycle after changing over of the contact of the changing over switch 46 into an on-state as described hereinabove and the contact still remains in an on-state, the sequence advances to step F113 depending upon such judgment at step F103.
At step F113, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 1 at step F117 in the present control cycle, the sequence advances to step F114 depending upon such judgment at step F113.
At step F114, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether the acceleration switch 45 is at the position shown in FIG. 6. Now, since the acceleration switch 45 is at any one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6, the sequence advances to step F116 depending upon such judgment at step F114.
At step F116, a value of a sum VS+VT.sub.1 of the final aimed speed VS in the preceding control cycle and a preset correction amount VT.sub.1 is designated as a final aimed value VS for accelerated running in the present control cycle by the final aimed speed modification controlling section 6a of the control section 25.
It is to be noted that the final aimed speed VS in the preceding control cycle has been designated in value at step F121 in case the present control cycle is a first control cycle after changing over of the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state, but in case the present control cycle is not such a first cycle, the final aimed speed VS has been designated in value at step F116.
Accordingly, if the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state, then a value of the actual speed VA added by a preset correction amount V.sub.K1 is designated as a final aimed speed VS for accelerated running in a subsequent first control cycle. If the on-state state of the changing over switch 46 is continued, as the duration continues, the final aimed speed VS is incresed by a preset correction amount VT.sub.1 for each control cycle.
Then, in case the sequence advances from step F116 to step F112, the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
In case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is not in an on-state in the present control cycle and the sequence advances to step F111 depending upon such judgment of step F101, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0 at step F111, and then the sequence advances to step F112. At step F112, the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0 as described hereinabove, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
After completion of the changing over switch control in this manner, the sequence subsequently advances to step E129 of FIG. 12. At step E129, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 1 at step F117 of FIG. 13, the sequence advances to step E130 depending upon such judgment at step E129.
At step E130, it is judged whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position in FIG. 6. Since here the acceleration switch 45 is at one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6, the sequence advances from step E130 to step E121.
Control to be executed at step E121 and subsequent steps E122 to E127 is the same as the control which is executed in the second and following control cycles after the acceleration switch 45 has been changed as described hereinabove.
In particular, in the acceleration switch control at step E121, since there is no change in position of the acceleration switch 45, a value set in the first control cycle after the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state is set as an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 for subsequent constant acceleration running.
Further, by the acceleration control at step E122, the acceleration of the vehicle is raised smoothly to the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 upon starting of such acceleration, whereafter the vehicle is accelerated at the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2, and when the running speed of the vehicle reaches the final aimed speed VS, the aimed acceleration DVS is set so that the acceleration may be decreased gradually before the final aimed speed VA is reached.
Further, if the actual speed VA is lower than the preset reference value K.sub.5 then, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.2 is modified to a value corresponding to the actual speed VA. Then, the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed in accordance with such aimed acceleration DVS for each throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle. Consequently, the vehicle will be accelerated at an acceleration substantially equal to the aimed acceleration DVS.
Also in case the running speed of the vehicle has become substantially equal to the final aimed speed VS as a result of such acceleration described just above, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 in the acceleration control at step E122 similarly as in the case when the acceleration control is executed as a result of changing over of the acceleration switch 45. Accordingly, in the following control cycle, the sequence will advance from step E129 via step E132 to step E133 at which constant speed running of the vehicle is performed in the aimed speed control in which the final aimed speed VS is employed as an aimed speed.
As described so far, in case the acceleration switch 45 is held at one of the positions to shown in FIG. 6 so that the automatic cruise mode control is executed and the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition, if the operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is pulled forwardly in FIG. 6 to change the contact of the changing over switch 45 to an on-state, then the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed to accelerated running. Consequently, accelerated running of the vehicle is performed smoothly at an acceleration corresponding to the position of the acceleration switch 45 in a similar manner as in the case of changing over of the acceleration switch 45.
Meanwhile, the final aimed speed upon such accelerated running is set to a higher value by a predetermined amount than the running speed of the vehicle in the constant speed running condition, and such final aimed speed is increased as the time while changing over switch 46 is held at the forwardly pulled position in FIG. 6 passes.
Then, after the running speed of the vehicle reaches the final aimed speed as a result of such accelerated running, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 is changed over to constant speed running, and consequently, constant speed running of the vehicle is performed with an aimed speed defined by the final aimed speed.
While the control when the acceleration switch 45 is changed to one of the positions to and the control when the operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is pulled forwardly to change the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state with the acceleration switch 45 positioned at one of the positions to have been described above, control when the acceleration switch 45 is changed to the position and control when the operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is pulled forwardly to change the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state with the acceleration switch 45 positioned at the position will be described below.
If the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to the position shown in FIG. 6, or if the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state with the acceleration switch 46 positioned at the position and accordingly the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition, an accelerated running condition of the vehicle is designated. Then, in case the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to the position while acceleration of the vehicle is proceeding, since the accelerator pedal 27 was not treadled also in the preceding control cycle, it is judged at step E101 of FIG. 12 that the contact of the accelerator switch 15 was in an on-state in the preceding control cycle. The sequence thus advances to step E110.
At step E110, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 has been changed from that in the preceding control cycle as described hereinabove. Since the acceleration 45 was at the position in the preceding control cycle but is at the position in the present control cycle, the sequence advances to step E111 depending upon such judgment at step E110.
At step E111 and following steps E112 and E113, the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1 and the values of the flags I.sub.5 and I.sub.9 are changed to 0, respectively. Then at step E114, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position .
Since the acceleration switch 45 is at the position in the present control cycle, the sequence advances from step E114 to step E115 at which the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0, whereafter the sequence advances to step E104.
Control at step E104 and following steps E105 to E109 is quite the same as the control at steps E104 to E109 executed in the first control cycle after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27 described hereinabove.
By the control, irrespective of whether the present control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, the vehicle is controlled such that constant speed running may be performed with an aimed speed defined by the actual speed VA.sub.I at a point of time directly after the acceleration switch 45 has been changed over to the position . More particularly, the throttle valve 31 is adjusted to a suitable throttle valve opening so that a torque necessary for such constant speed running may be produced from the engine 13. As a result, torque of a desired magnitude is produced from the engine 13 so that the running condition of the vehicle starts changing from accelerated running to constant speed running.
Such control as described above is executed in a first control cycle after the acceleration switch 45 has been changed over to the position , and also in the following control cycle, the automatic cruise mode control is executed continuously. Then, in case the acceleration switch 45 is held at the position and the changing over switch 46 is not operated, the sequence advances from step E101 to step E110 of FIG. 12 in a similar manner as described hereinabove in order to judge whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 has been changed from that in the preceding control cycle.
Since the acceleration switch 45 is held at the position and the position thereof has not been changed from that in the preceding control cycle as described hereinabove, the sequence advances from step E110 to step E128 at which changing over switch control is executed.
The changing over switch control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps F101 to F121 of FIG. 13 as described hereinabove.
Thus, at first step F101, since the changing over switch 46 has not been operated, it is judged that the contact of the changing over switch 46 is not in an on-state as described hereinabove, and the sequence advances to step F111.
At step F111, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0, and then at step F112, the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
Then, the sequence advances to step E129 of FIG. 12, and it is judged at step E129 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 in value at step E115 of the first control cycle after the acceleration switch 45 has been changed to the position , the sequence advances, depending upon such judgment at step E129, to step E132 at which the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running.
At step E132, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.6 is equal to 1. Since the flag I.sub.6 has been changed to 0 in value at step F112 of FIG. 13, the sequence advances, depending upon such judgment at step E132, to step E133 at which aimed speed control is executed.
The aimed speed control is executed in accordance with the flow chart at steps J101 to J116 of FIG. 16 as described hereinabove.
In short, at first at step J101, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.8 is equal to 1. Since the flag I.sub.8 has been changed to 1 in value at step E106 of FIG. 12 in the first control cycle after the acceleration switch 45 has been changed to the position , the sequence advances from step J101 to step J102.
Control at step J102 and following steps J103 to J107 are quite the same as the aimed speed control executed at steps J102 to J107 after the sequence has advanced to step E133 in the control cycle following the first control cycle after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27 in which the control at steps E101 to E109 of FIG. 12 was executed. In particular, setting of an aimed acceleration DVS necessary to gradually decrease the actual acceleration DVA is executed for each control cycle which falls on a timing at which opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is to be performed.
After the aimed speed control is completed in this manner, control is subsequently executed at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 12 in such a manner as described for the various controls described hereinabove. Thus, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 to such a throttle valve opening with which an acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS may be obtained is performed for each control cycle which falls on a timing for such opening or closing movement. As a result, the acceleration of the vehicle decreases gradually so that the running speed gradually approaches the actual speed VA.sub.I directly after changing over of the acceleration switch 45 and becomes substantially fixed.
The acceleration of the vehicle decreases in this manner. Then, if it is judged at step J104 of FIG. 16 that the absolute value .vertline.DVA.vertline. of the actual acceleration DVA is smaller than the preset reference value K.alpha., then the value of the flag I.sub.9 is changed to 0 at subsequent step J108, whereafter the sequence advances to step J109. Thus, control is executed at step J109 and following steps J110 to J116. To the contrary, in each control cycle after judgment at step J104 has been made, since the value of the flag I.sub.9 has been changed to 0 at step J108, the sequence advances from step J101 to step J109 to execute similar control.
The control executed at steps J109 to J116 is quite the same as the control which is executed at steps J109 to J116 after the sequence has advanced to step J108 particularly depending upon judgment at step J104 in the control which is executed at steps J101 to J108 as described hereinabove in the automatic cruise mode control after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27.
Subsequently, control is executed at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 12. By the control, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 to such a throttle valve opening with which an acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS can be obtained is performed for each throttle opening/closing timing cycle. As a result, the vehicle makes constant speed running at a constant running speed substantially equal to the aimed speed VS.
In case the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to the position when accelerated running of the vehicle is effected as a result of changing over of the acceleration switch 45 or changing of the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running, and control is executed for causing the vehicle to run at a constant speed employing as an aimed speed the actual speed VA.sub.I at a point of time directly after changing over of the acceleration switch 45, that is, the speed of the vehicle when the designation of the running condition was changed over to constant speed running.
The control is similar to that when the running condition is changed over to a constant speed running condition as a result of releasing of the accelerator pedal 27 or when the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state while the vehicle is making accelerated running. As a result, the running speed of the vehicle is maintained substantially fixed in conformity with the aimed speed of the vehicle.
It is to be noted that, since the acceleration switch 45 is at the position and the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is constant speed running, if the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to the position when the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition, similar control as described hereinabove is executed. In this instance, since the designation is already constant speed running from before such changing over, constant speed running is continued at the same fixed speed, and no change takes place in running condition of the vehicle.
Subsequently, description will be given of control to be executed when the operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is pulled forwardly in FIG. 6 to change the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state while the acceleration switch 45 is held at the position so that the automatic cruise mode control is executed and the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition because the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is constant speed running.
In this instance, if the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed over to an on-state, the sequence advances to steps E101 to E110 of FIG. 12 in a similar manner as described hereinabove. Since operation of the acceleration switch 45 has not performed at step E110, it is judged that the position of the acceleration switch 45 has not been changed from that in the preceding control cycle, and the sequence advances to step E128.
At step E128, changing over switch control is executed as described hereinabove. Thus, at first at step F101 of FIG. 13, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state.
Since the contact of the changing over switch 46 is now in an on-state, the sequence advances from step F101 to step F102 at which the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 1. Then at step F103, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.5 is equal to 1.
In the first control cycle after changing over of the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state, automatic cruise mode control was executed in such a condition wherein neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 has been operated in the preceding control cycle. Accordingly, the value of the flag I.sub.5 was changed to 0 at step F111. Consequently, the sequence advances to step F104 depending upon such judgment at step F103.
At step F104, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 1, and then at step F105, the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 1, whereafter the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0 at step F106, and then the sequence advances to step F107.
At step F107, since the present control cycle is a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, a running condition different from the running condition which was designated in the preceding control cycle is designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25. Thus, giving preference to the superiority in follow-up performance to an actual value, DVA.sub.65 read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is used as the value of the actual acceleration DVA.
At subsequent step F108, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Here, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 0 as described hereinabove.
In short, in case the constant speed running condition of the vehicle before the contact of the changing over switch 44 was changed to an on-state arose from changing over of the acceleration switch 44, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step E115 of FIG. 12.
To the contrary, in case such constant speed running condition was entered as a result of releasing of the accelerator pedal 27, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step E102 of FIG. 12.
On the other hand, in case such constant speed running condition was entered as a result of releasing of the brake pedal 28, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step C145 of FIG. 10.
Further, in case such constant speed running condition was entered as a result of changing over of the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step F109 of FIG. 13.
Accordingly, in any case, the sequence advances to step F117 depending upon such judgment at step F108.
Then at step F117, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 1, and then at step F118, the value of the flag I.sub.9 is changed to 0, whereafter the sequence advances to step F119. At step F119, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position .
In this instance, since the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , the sequence advance, depending upon such judgment at step F119, to step F120 at which the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to decelerated running.
In particular, at step F120, a value of the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) which is subtracted by the preset correction amount VK.sub.2 is determined as a final aimed speed for deceleration running by the final aimed speed setting section 6 of the control section 25. The changing over switch control in the present control cycle is completed with this.
After the sequence subsequently advances to step E129 of FIG. 12, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 1 at step F117 of FIG. 13, the sequence advances from step E129 to step E130.
At step E130, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position . Since the acceleration switch 45 is now at the position , the sequence advances from step E130 to step E131 at which deceleration control is executed.
In the deceleration control, setting of an aimed acceleration DVS of a negative value (that is, an aimed deceleration DVS) for causing decelerated running of the vehicle in which the running speed of the vehicle is decreased to the final aimed speed VS. The deceleration control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps H101 to H110 of FIG. 15 principally by the deceleration controlling section 10 and the aimed acceleration setting section 4 of the control section 25.
In short, at first at step H101, it is judged whether or not the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. of the difference between the final aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is smaller than the preset reference value K.sub.4.
In case the sequence advances to step H101 in a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, since the final aimed speed VS is a value obtained by subtracting the correction amount VK.sub.2 from the actual speed VA as described hereinabove, the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. is equal to the correction amount VK.sub.2. Besides, since the correction amount VK.sub.2 is set greater than the reference value K.sub.4, the relationship of .vertline.VS-VA.vertline.>K.sub.4 is satisfied, and the sequence thus advances to step H102.
At step H102, a difference VS-VA between the final aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA is calculated, and then at step H103, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 corresponding to the difference VS-VA is read out from a map #MDVS5. Subsequently at step H104, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS for deceleration running, thereby completing the deceleration control in the present control cycle.
The map #MDVS5 mentioned above is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 corresponding to an aimed deceleration for deceleration running using the difference VS-VA as a parameter. The difference VS-VA and the aimed acceleration DVS .sub.5 have such a relationship as illustrated in FIG. 25. Accordingly, so long as the difference VS-VA has a positive value, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 has a negative value and substantially is a deceleration.
After setting of an aimed acceleration DVS by such deceleration control as described above, the sequence advances to step E123 of FIG. 12. At step E123, as described hereinabove, an aimed torque TOM.sub.2 of the engine 13 necessary to make the acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS is calculated using the equation (5) given hereinabove.
In the case of a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, since the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 having a negative value is designated as an aimed acceleration DVS and the running condition of the vehicle in the preceding control cycle was constant speed running, the actual acceleration DVA is substantially equal to 0. Accordingly, in this instance, an aimed torque TOM.sub.2 calculated in accordance with the equation (5) has a smaller value than the actual torque TEM which is being produced by the engine 13.
Then, the sequence advances to step E124 at which a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 corresponding to the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 calculated at step E123 and the engine rotational speed N.sub.E read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is read out from the map #MTH (not shown), whereafter the sequence advances to step E125.
It is to be noted that the control at steps E123 and E124 is executed by the deceleration controlling section 10 of the control section 25 because the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section is decelerated running.
The minimum value of the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 of the map #MTH (not shown) corresponds to a minimum opening of the throttle valve 31 which provides an engine idling position. Thus, in case the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 is decreased to a value lower than a minimum torque which can be produced by the engine 13, the minimum opening is designated for the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2.
Further, control at step E125 and following steps E126 and E127 is the same as that which is executed in the various controls described hereinabove. Thus, in case the present control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed to the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 designated at step E124, and the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 1.
As a result, in case the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 is higher than the minimum torque which can be produced by the engine 13, a torque substantially equal to the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 is produced from the engine 13. On the contrary, in case the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 is lower than the minimum torque from the engine 13, the throttle valve 31 is held at the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position. Consequently, deceleration by engine brake is started so that the running condition of the vehicle is changed from constant speed running to decelerated running.
On the other hand, in case the present control cycle does not fall on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, the automatic cruise mode control in the present control cycle is completed without making opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31.
After such control in the first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state is executed in such a manner as described above, the automatic cruise mode control is executed continuously in the following control cycle. In case changing over of the acceleration switch 45 takes place, the sequence advances via steps E101 and E110 of FIG. 12 in a similar manner as described hereinabove again to step F101 of FIG. 13 at which it is judged whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state.
In case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is held in an on-state continuously from the preceding control cycle, the sequence advances to step F102. To the contrary, in case the operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 has been released to change the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an off-state, the sequence advances to step F111.
In case the sequence advances from step F101 to F102, the sequence subsequently advances from step F102 via steps F103 and F113 to step F114 in a similar manner as in the case when the contact of the changing over switch 46 is continuously held in an on-state in the second and following control cycles after designation of an accelerated running condition of the vehicle as a result of changing the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state while the acceleration switch 45 was at one of the positions to as described hereinabove.
At step F114, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the acceleration switch 45 is at the position . Since here the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , the sequence advances to step F115.
At step F115, a value of a difference VS-VT.sub.2 of the preset correction amount VT.sub.2 from the final aimed speed VS in the preceding control cycle is set as a final aimed speed VS for the present control cycle by the final aimed speed modifying section 6a of the control section 25.
It is to be noted that the final aimed speed VS in the preceding control cycle was set in value at step F120 in case the preceding control cycle was a first control cycle after changing of the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state but was set in value at step F115 in case the present control cycle was not such first control cycle.
Accordingly, if the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed over to an on-state, then in a first control cycle after then, a value (VA-VK.sub.2) of the preset correction amount VK.sub.2 subtracted from the actual speed VA is designated as a final aimed speed VS for subsequent decelerated running, and then if the on-state of the contact is continued, the final aimed speed VS is decreased by the preset correction amount VT.sub.2 for each control cycle as the time passes.
Subsequently, the sequence advances from step F115 to step F112 at which the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
Since the contact of the changing over switch 46 is not in an on-state in the present control cycle, in case the sequence advances from step F101 to step F111, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0 at step F111, and then the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0 at subsequent step F112, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the preceding control cycle.
After the changing over switch is completed in this manner, the sequence advances to step E129 of FIG. 12. At step E129, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1 as described hereinabove. Since here the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 1 at step F117 of FIG. 13, the sequence advances to step E130 depending upon such judgment at step E129.
At step E130, it is judged whether or not the position of the acceleration switch 45 is shown in FIG. 6. Since here the acceleration switch 45 is at the position , the sequence advances to step E131 to continue the deceleration control described hereinabove.
It is to be noted that the deceleration of the vehicle presents a substantially equal value to the absolute value of the aimed acceleration DVS, but if the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 calculated at step E123 presents a smaller value than the minimum torque which can be produced from the engine 13, then the deceleration of the vehicle is a maximum deceleration obtained by engine brake and is not always equal to the value of the aimed acceleration DVS because the throttle valve 31 is closed to its minimum opening for the engine idling position.
The aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 set as a value of the aimed acceleration has, as shown in FIG. 25, a fixed value while the difference VS-VA between the final aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA is smaller than V.beta. shown in FIG. 25, but where the difference VS-VA is smaller than V.beta., the value of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 approaches 0 as the difference VS-VA decreases. Accordingly, after the actual speed VA is reduced to a value near the final aimed speed VS as a result of decelerated running, the degree of deceleration of the vehicle is moderated as the actual speed VA decreases. Consequently, the running speed of the vehicle smoothly approaches the final aimed speed.
Decelerated running of the vehicle is accomplished in such a manner as described above. Then, if the actual speed VA is decreased until the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. becomes smaller than the reference value K.sub.4, it is detected by the final condition detecting section 11 of the control section 25 that the running speed of the vehicle has reached the final aimed speed VS. The sequence thus advances to step H105 depending upon such judgment at step H101.
At step H105, a difference VS-VA between the final aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA is calculated. Then at step H106, giving preference to the superiority in stability than the superiority in follow-up performance because the running speed of the vehicle is substantially fixed and there is no sudden change in running condition similarly in the control of transition to a constant speed running condition described hereinabove, the actual acceleration DVA.sub.850 calculated in the interrupt control of FIG. 8(iv) and read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is used as a value of the actual acceleration DVA to be used at step E123 of FIG. 12.
The sequence subsequently advances to step H107 at which an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 is found out in place of the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.5 in control executed in accordance with the flow chart at steps M101 to M106 of FIG. 18 because the actual speed VA has become substantially equal to the final aimed speed VS and it has been detected by the final condition detecting section 11 of the control section 25 that the running speed of the vehicle has reached the final aimed speed VS as described hereinabove.
Contents of the control are quite the same as those of the control executed at step J115 of FIG. 16 when the accelerator pedal 27 is released so that a constant speed running condition by the automatic cruise mode control is entered.
Subsequently at step H108, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS to be used subsequently at step E123 of FIG. 12, whereafter the sequence advances to step H109.
The aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 is set in accordance with such a relationship to the difference VS-VA between the aimed speed VS for constant speed running and the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) as illustrated in FIG. 23 or 24 as described hereinabove. In either case, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.4 has a relationship that it increases as the difference VS-VA increases. Accordingly, the aimed acceleration DVS here acts to stop a decreasing condition of the running speed of the vehicle and maintain the running speed of the vehicle at the aimed speed VS, that is, the final aimed speed VS in the decelerated running condition.
At step H109, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 by the running condition changing over section 12 of the control section 25, and then at step H110, the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0, thereby completing the deceleration control in the present control cycle. After then, control is executed at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 12.
The control is the same as the control at steps E123 to E127 in the various cases described hereinabove. Here, the control at steps E123 and E124 is executed by the deceleration controlling section 10 of the control section 25 because the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is decelerated running.
In particular, a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 is set in accordance with the aimed acceleration DVS designated in value in the deceleration control, and in case the present control cycle falls on an opening/closing timing for the throttle valve 31, the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed to the throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2. As a result, the running speed of the vehicle will remain at a value substantially equal to the aimed speed VS.
In this manner, the automatic cruise mode control is executed at steps H105 to H110 of FIG. 15 continuously in the following control cycle. Further, in case neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 is operated, the sequence advances via steps E101 and E110 of FIG. 12 to step F101 of FIG. 13 again in a similar manner as described hereinabove.
Since here the contact of the changing over switch 46 has already been changed to an off-state, the sequence advances to step F111 depending upon such judgment at step F101 as described hereinabove. At step F111, the value of the flag I.sub.5 is changed to 0, and then the value of the flag I.sub.6 is changed to 0 at subsequent step F112, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
Then, the sequence advances to step E129 of FIG. 12. At step E129, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 0 at step H109 of FIG. 15 as described hereinabove, the sequence advances to step E132 so that the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running.
In particular, while it is judged at step E132 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.6 is equal to 1, since the value of the flag I.sub.6 has been changed to 0 at step F112 of FIG. 13 as described hereinabove, the sequence now advances from step E132 to step E133 at which aimed speed control is executed.
Subsequently, description will be given of control when the operating portion 18a of the automatic cruise switch 18 is pulled forwardly in FIG. 6 again to change the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state while such decelerated running as described above still continues.
In this instance, after the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state, the sequence advances via steps E101 and E110 of FIG. 12 to step F101 of FIG. 13 in a similar manner as described hereinabove.
At step F101, it is judged in accordance with the contact information read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) whether or not the contact of the changing over switch 46 is in an on-state. Since the contact is in an on-state now, the sequence advances to step F102.
At step F102, the value of the flag I.sub.3 is changed to 0, and then at step F103, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.5 is equal to 1.
In case the sequence advances to step F103 in a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, since the value of the flag I.sub.5 has been changed 0 at step F111 in the preceding control cycle, the sequence advances to step F104 depending upon such judgment at step F103.
At step F104 and following steps F105 and F106, the values of the flags I.sub.5 and I.sub.6 are changed to 1 and the value of the flag I.sub.12 is changed to 0, respectively, and then the sequence advances to step F107. At step F107, the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state as described hereinabove.
Then, since the present control cycle is a first control cycle after the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 has been changed to a different running condition, DVA.sub.65 read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is used, giving preference to the superiority in follow-up performance to an actual value, as the value of the actual acceleration DVA.
At subsequent step F108, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.4 is equal to 1. Since the contact of the changing over switch 46 was changed over to an on-state while decelerated running of the vehicle was still continued and the present control cycle is a first cycle after such changing over of the contact of the changing over switch 46 into an on-state as described hereinabove, the value of the flag I.sub.4 has been changed to 1 at step F117 in the changing over switch control of FIG. 13 upon reading in of the changing over switch 46. Accordingly, the sequence advances to step F109 depending upon such judgment at step F108.
At step F109, the value of the flag I.sub.4 is changed to 0 by the running condition changing over section 12 of the control section 25, and then at subsequent step F110, the latest speed VA.sub.I found out in the interrupt control at steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv) is read in as an actual speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state, thereby completing the changing over switch control in the present control cycle.
Such changing over switch control as described above is the same as the changing over switch control in the first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed over to an on-state during accelerated running of the vehicle described hereinabove. Accordingly, the values of the flags I.sub.4 and I.sub.6 after completion of the changing over switch control are the same. Thus, after completion of the changing over switch control, the sequence advances via steps E129 and E132 of FIG. 12 to step E105 at which the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over to constant speed running.
The control at steps E105 to E109 is quite the same as the control executed at steps E105 to E109 in the first control cycle after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27 or in the first cycle after changing over of the contact of the changing over switch 46 into an on-state during accelerated running of the vehicle. In particular, irrespective of whether or not the present control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, the throttle valve opening 31 is adjusted so as to effect constant speed running of the vehicle using as an aimed speed the actual speed VA.sub.I at a point of time directly after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state.
As a result, a required torque is produced from the engine 13 so that the running condition of the vehicle starts to change from decelerated running to constant speed running.
Such control as described above is executed in a first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state. In case the automatic cruise mode control is executed continuously also in the following control cycle but the acceleration switch 45 is not operated, the sequence advances via steps E101 and E110 of FIG. 12 to step E128 to execute changing over switch control in such a manner as described hereinabove.
Since contents of the control in the first control cycle after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed over to an on-state are the same as those of the control in the first control cycle after the contact has been changed to an on-state during constant speed running of the vehicle, the relevant flags have the same values, and consequently the changing over switch control is executed in a similar manner. The sequence thus advances via steps E129 and E132 to step E133 at which aimed speed control is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown at steps J101 to J116 of FIG. 16.
In the aimed speed control, it is judged at first at step J101 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.8 is equal to 1. Since here the value of the flag I.sub.8 has been changed to 0 at step E106 of FIG. 12 in the first control cycle after changing over of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state, the sequence advances from step J101 to step J102.
At step J102, it is judged whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1. It is to be noted that the flag I.sub.11 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the present control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31.
Since the present control cycle does not fall on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 when the value of the flag I.sub.11 is not equal to 1, the automatic cruise mode control in the present control cycle is completed immediately. To the contrary, in case the value of the flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1, the present control cycle falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31, and accordingly the sequence advances to step J103 to execute the aimed speed control continuously.
In case the sequence advances to step J103, the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is substituted as a temporary value to the aimed speed VS for constant speed running. Thus, in preparation for control after the running speed of the vehicle becomes substantially fixed, the aimed speed VS is updated in value for each control cycle which falls on a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 until the running speed of the vehicle becomes substantially fixed in this manner.
Subsequently at step J104, it is judged whether or not the absolute value of the actual acceleration DVA into which DVA.sub.65 or DVA.sub.130 has been substituted as described hereinabove is smaller than the preset reference value K.alpha..
If it is judged at step J104 that the absolute value of the actual acceleration DVA is smaller than the reference value K.alpha. because the running speed of the vehicle has become substantially fixed and the deceleration of the vehicle has approached 0 as a result of execution of the aimed speed control, the sequence advances to step J108 at which the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0, whereafter the sequence advances to step J109. To the contrary, in case the running speed has not yet become substantially fixed and the deceleration of the vehicle has not approached 0, it is judged at step J104 that the absolute value of the actual acceleration DVA is not smaller than the reference value K.alpha., and the sequence thus advances to step J105.
At step J105, it is judged whether or not the actual speed DVA is greater than 0. Since here the vehicle has been in a decelerated running condition before the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state, the actual deceleration DVA has a negative value, and the sequence thus advances to step J106.
At step J106, the value of the actual acceleration DVA added by the preset correction amount .DELTA.DV.sub.2 is set to the aimed acceleration DVS, thereby completing the aimed speed control in the present control cycle.
After completion of such aimed speed control as described above, control is executed subsequently at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 12 in a similar manner as in the various cases described hereinabove. Thus, the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed to a throttle valve opening .theta..sub.TH2 corresponding to the aimed acceleration DVS for each control cycle which falls on an opening/closing timing for the throttle valve 31.
As a result, the vehicle makes deceleration running at a negative acceleration, that is, at a deceleration substantially equal to the aimed acceleration DVS.
Since the aimed acceleration DVS is a sum of the actual speed DVA in the control cycle and the correction amount .DELTA.DV.sub.2, as such control is executed repetitively, the aimed acceleration DVS gradually approaches 0 in negative value. Consequently, the deceleration of the vehicle also approaches 0.
While the actual acceleration DVA approaches 0 in such a manner as described above, if it is judged at step J104 of FIG. 16 that the absolute value of the actual acceleration DVA is smaller than the preset reference value K.alpha., then the sequence advances via step J108 to step J109 as described hereinabove.
Control to be executed at step J109 and following steps J110 to J116 is the same as the control executed at step J109 to J116 when a constant speed running condition is entered as described above. Accordingly, in the control cycle wherein the sequence advances from step J104 via step J108 and then step J109 to step J116, setting of a required aimed acceleration DVS is accomplished so that the vehicle may run at a fixed speed which coincides with the aimed speed VS set in value at step J103.
To the contrary, in case the aimed speed changing switch 48 is changed over to the (+) side or the (-) side of FIG. 6, modification of the set value of the aimed speed VS is accomplished in response to such changing over.
Also after execution of such aimed speed control as described above, opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 is similarly accomplished in the control at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 12, and the vehicle runs at a constant running speed substantially equal to the aimed speed VS.
It is to be noted that, in the following control cycle after a control cycle in which the sequence advances from step J104 via step J108 to step J109, since the value of the flag I.sub.8 has been changed to 0 at step J108, the sequence advances, in aimed speed control, from step J101 directly to step 109 so that such control as described above is executed.
Accordingly, in case, while the acceleration switch 46 is at the position , at first the contact of the changing over switch 45 is changed to an on-state to designate a decelerated running condition of the vehicle and then the contact is changed once to an off-state whereafter the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state again while the vehicle still remains in a decelerated running condition as described hereinabove, the designation by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25 is changed over from decelerated running to constant speed running and the decelerated running of the vehicle is stopped, and the vehicle will thereafter run maintaining a running speed which is substantially equal to the running speed at a point of time directly after the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state, that is, the running speed when the designation is changed over to constant speed running.
As the automatic cruise mode control is executed in such a manner as described so far, in case treadling of the brake pedal 28 is canceled while the accelerator pedal 27 remains in a released condition or in case treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 is canceled while the brake pedal 28 remains in a released condition, the vehicle makes constant speed running while maintaining the running speed at a point of time directly after such canceling of treadling.
Then, in case the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to any one of the positions to of FIG. 6 while the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition or in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state while the acceleration switch 45 is any one of the positions to , the vehicle makes accelerated running at an acceleration corresponding to the position , or of the acceleration switch 45, and then after the running speed of the vehicle reaches the final aimed speed, the vehicle makes constant speed running at a constant running speed substantially equal to the final aimed speed. It is to be noted that, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state to effect accelerated running of the vehicle, the set value of the final aimed speed increases as the duration of the on-state of the changing over switch 46 increases.
To the contrary, in case the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to the position while the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition or in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state while the acceleration switch 45 remains at the position , the vehicle makes decelerated running, and after the final aimed speed is reached, constant speed running of the vehicle is accomplished at a constant running speed substantially equal to the final aimed speed. It is to be noted that, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state to effect such decelerated running of the vehicle as described above, the final aimed speed decreases in set value as the duration of the on-state of the changing over switch 46 increases.
Further, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state again while the vehicle is either in an accelerated running condition or in a decelerated running condition, the vehicle makes constant speed running while maintaining a running speed substantially equal to the running speed at a point of time directly after the contact has been changed to an on-state.
For example, in case the acceleration switch 45 is changed over, during accelerated running of the vehicle with the acceleration switch 45 positioned at the position , to the position , the vehicle makes constant speed running while maintaining a running speed substantially equal to the running speed at a point of time directly after such changing over of the acceleration switch 45. To the contrary, in case the aimed speed changing switch 48 is changed over to the (+) side or the (-) side in FIG. 6 while the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition, the set value of the aimed speed for constant speed running is increased or decreased in response to such changing over of the aimed speed changing switch 48, and as the duration of such changing over increases, the amount of increase or decrease of the set value of the aimed speed increases.
Where the engine 13 is controlled by the engine controlling system 1 of the first embodiment of the present invention having such construction as described above, the following effects can be attained.
For an interval of time until the rotational speed of the engine 13 rises to a rotational speed in a normal condition directly after starting of the engine 13, or when the operating condition of the engine 13 becomes unstable due to some causes so that the rotational speed of the engine 13 is decreased, the throttle valve 31 operates in response to movement of the accelerator pedal 27 in an equivalent condition to that the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 are mechanically coupled directly to each other.
Accordingly, in this instance, control of the throttle valve executed then does not depend upon a changing rate of the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal nor upon a running condition of the vehicle or the like. Accordingly, the throttle valve 31 is controlled stably, which prevents the running condition of the engine 13 from being rendered unstable.
To the contrary, in case the brake pedal 28 is treadled so that braking by the brake (not shown) of the vehicle is effected, the following effects can be attained.
Firstly, since the throttle valve 31 is held at the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position when such braking is being effected, a braking effect by engine brake is attained in addition to braking by the brake (not shown).
Secondly, in case the duration of a condition wherein a deceleration is greater than a reference value in braking by the brake continues for an interval of time longer than a reference value and the speed of the vehicle upon canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28 is lower than a reference value, the throttle valve 31 is held at the minimum opening position until the accelerator pedal 27 is subsequently treadled. Accordingly, there is an effect that, in case the brake pedal 28 is released once directly after the vehicle has been stopped as a result of deceleration by the brake (not shown) in order to stop the vehicle at a crossing or the like, braking by engine brake is accomplished so that the vehicle is stopped smoothly and an impact upon stopping can be prevented.
Thirdly, in case, in braking by the brake, the deceleration does not exceed the reference value or such duration as described above is not longer than the reference value or else the speed of the vehicle upon canceling of such treadling as described above, the speed of the vehicle is maintained constant with an aimed speed defined by the speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28 until the accelerator pedal 27 is subsequently treadled. Accordingly, there is no necessity of treadling the accelerator pedal 27 in order to maintain the speed of the vehicle nor of re-starting by manual operation for constant speed running control which is canceled each time the brake pedal 28 is treadled in a conventional constant speed running device. Accordingly, there is an effect that the burden to a driver is moderated and constant speed running of the vehicle is facilitated on a road where traffic is comparatively heavy.
Fourthly, upon transition to such a constant speed running condition as described above, for an interval of time till a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is encountered for the first time directly after canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28, the throttle valve 31 is temporarily opened or closed to a throttle valve opening with which it is forecast for the vehicle to maintain the actual speed at a point of time directly after such canceling. Accordingly, there is an effect that transition to a constant speed running condition of the vehicle can proceed rapidly and smoothly from a point of time directly after canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28.
Fifthly, where the throttle switch 47 provided on the automatic cruise switch 18 is positioned at the position , after the brake pedal 28 is released, the throttle valve 31 is normally maintained at the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position until the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled subsequently. Accordingly, upon running on a gentle descent or the like, the vehicle can run under additional braking by engine brake by changing over the throttle switch 47 to the position .
Subsequently, there are following effects when the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled.
Firstly, an acceleration of the vehicle is set in accordance with a treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27, a changing rate of the treadled amount and an interval of time elapsed after the changing rate has become lower than a reference value. Consequently, the more quickly the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled, the more suddenly the vehicle is decelerated, and thus the more moderately the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled, the more slowly the vehicle is decelerated. Accordingly, acceleration of the vehicle of a high responsibility upon which a will of the driver is reflected precisely can be attained. Also there is an effect that the acceleration is changed smoothly if such treadling is moderated or stopped and accordingly occurrence of an impact arising from a sudden change in acceleration can be prevented.
Secondly, after treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 is canceled, the speed of the vehicle is maintained fixed with an aimed speed defined by the speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after such canceling. Accordingly, there is no necessity of treadling the accelerator pedal 27 again in order to maintain the speed of the vehicle fixed or of re-setting an aimed speed each time the speed of the vehicle is changed by the accelerator pedal 27 as in a conventional constant speed running device. Accordingly, there are effects that the burden to the driver is moderated and that constant speed running on a road where traffic is compartively heavy is facilitated. The effects become particularly remarkable by a combination with such constant speed running after canceling of treading of the brake pedal 28 as described above.
Thirdly, upon transition to a constant speed running condition of the vehicle, for an interval of time till a timing for opening or closing of the throttle valve 31 which is encountered for the first time after canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27, the throttle valve 31 is temporarily opened or closed to a throttle valve opening with which it is forecast for the vehicle to maintain the actual speed at a point of time directly after such canceling. Consequently, there is an effect that transition to a constant speed running condition from a point of time directly after such canceling can proceed rapidly and smoothly.
Fourthly, when the shift selector 29 is at a position other than for the D range or when the throttle valve switch 47 is at the position , the throttle valve 31 operates in response to movement of the accelerator pedal 27 in an equivalent condition to that the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 are mechanically coupled directly to each other. Accordingly, since the throttle 31 is moved in the closing direction if treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 is moderated or stopped, the vehicle can run, upon running, for example, on a sloping road, under additional braking by engine brake by moving the shift selector 29 to the L range position or by changing over the throttle switch 47 to the position .
Fifthly, among aimed accelerations which are set upon treadling of the accelerator pedal, the aimed acceleration which is set in accordance with the treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 exhibits, with respect to a same treadled amount, a greater value during increase in treadled amount than during decrease in treadled amount as shown in FIG. 20. Consequently, there is an effect that the acceleration of the vehicle is increased or decreased in response to transition from increase to decrease or from decrease to increase in treadled amount of the accelerator pedal 27 and the driving feeling is improved.
Further, when transition to a constant speed running condition is to be effected in response to canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 or in response to canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 27, the aimed acceleration is set so that the acceleration of the vehicle may be gradually decreased finally to 0 as time passes after such canceling of treading. Accordingly, there is an effect that occurrence of an impact by a sudden change in acceleration upon transition to a constant speed running condition can be prevented.
Meanwhile, the following effects can be anticipated when the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 are both in a released condition and the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition as described hereinabove.
Firstly, one of three running conditions including accelerated running, decelerated running and constant speed running can be selected by operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46, and acceleration or deceleration to a final aimed speed or transition to constant speed running after reaching of such final aimed speed is performed automatically in response to a single operation of the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46. Accordingly, there is an effect that a change in speed of the vehicle in accordance with situations during constant speed running on a highway or the like is facilitated and the burden to the driver is moderated.
Secondly, in case the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state to designate accelerated running or decelerated running, the difference between a speed of the car before such designation and a final aimed speed is increased if the duration of the on-state of the changing over switch 46 increases. Therefore, when it is intended to effect acceleration or deceleration of the vehicle beyond the final aimed speed, it is only necessary to change the contact of the changing over switch 46 to an on-state again to re-designate accelerated running or decelerated running and continue the on-state for a required period of time. Further, if the contact of the changing over switch 46 is changed to an on-state while the vehicle is in an accelerated or decelerated running condition, the vehicle is changed over to a constant speed running condition wherein the speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly after the contact of the changing over switch 46 has been changed to an on-state is employed as an aimed speed. Accordingly, in case a desired speed of the vehicle is reached before the final aimed speed is reached, it is only necessary to operate the changing over switch 46 once. In addition, since moderate acceleration, intermediate acceleration and quick acceleration are available for accelerated running by means of the acceleration switch 45, the aforementioned effects can be further promoted by combination of such operations.
Thirdly, if the speed of the vehicle changes suddenly on a sloping road or the like while the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition, the aimed acceleration to restore the original speed of the vehicle is set such that the difference thereof from an acceleration of the vehicle may not exceed a preset value. Accordingly, there is an effect that a quick change in acceleration is eliminated and occurrence of an impact is prevented.
In case the acceleration switch 46 or the changing over switch 46 is operated to designate such an accelerated running condition as described hereinabove, the following effects can be anticipated.
Firstly, an aimed acceleration of a fixed value corresponding to the position of the acceleration switch 45 is not designated immediately after such designation of an accelerated running condition, but a slope is provided for rising of the aimed acceleration (refer to FIG. 27), and the aimed acceleration is designated such that the fixed value may be approached and finally reached by the actual aimed acceleration of the vehicle. Accordingly, there is an effect that occurrence of an impact or hunting by a sudden change in acceleration when transition from a constant speed running condition to an accelerated running condition takes place can be prevented.
Secondly, as the speed of the vehicle approaches a final aimed speed as a result of accelerated running, an aimed acceleration which decreases as the speed of the vehicle approaches the final aimed speed is designated in place of an aimed acceleration of a fixed value corresponding to the position of the acceleration switch 45. Consequently, when the speed of the vehicle reaches the final aimed speed, the acceleration of the vehicle changes smoothly and enters a constant speed running condition. Accordingly, there is an effect that occurrence of an impact by a sudden change in acceleration can be prevented.
Thirdly, when the speed of the vehicle is lower than the reference value, an aimed acceleration having a value which increases as the speed rises and approaches an aimed acceleration of a fixed value set in accordance with the position of the acceleration switch 45 is set again in place of the aimed acceleration of the fixed value. Accordingly, there is an effect that, if the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated to designate an accelerated running condition during slow running of the vehicle, acceleration of the vehicle is effected more moderately and the driving feeling is improved.
To the contrary, in case the changing over switch 46 is operated to designate a decelerated running condition as described hereinabove, when the speed of the vehicle approaches a final aimed speed as a result of such decelerated running, an aimed deceleration which gradually approaches 0 as the speed of the vehicle approaches the final aimed speed is designated in place of the aimed deceleration of a fixed value till then. Accordingly, there is an effect that, when the speed of the vehicle approaches a final aimed speed, the acceleration of the vehicle changes smoothly and enters a constant speed running condition, and accordingly, occurrence of an impact by a sudden change in acceleration is prevented and the driving feeding can be improved.
It is to be noted that, since, even if the aimed speed changing switch 48 is operated, such instruction is ignored (steps J104 to J108 of FIG. 16) during accelerated running or decelerated running other than during constant speed running, confusion in control is prevented and control of the engine is assured by the present system.
Further, if an operation is made to change the speed of the vehicle during constant speed running, the vehicle will then make accelerated or decelerated running. In this instance, however, an aimed acceleration is set in accordance with a difference VS-VA between a new aimed speed VS and an actual speed VA (refer to FIG. 23), and the engine is controlled in accordance with the aimed acceleration to accomplish changing of the speed of the vehicle. Accordingly, there is an effect that occurrence of an impact by a sudden change in acceleration when the vehicle is changed over from a constant speed running condition to an accelerated running condition in a similar manner as described above.
Particularly, since, when the difference VS-VA becomes smaller than a fixed value (in short, the actual speed VA approaches the aimed speed VS), the aimed acceleration which has remained a fixed value so far is set such that it may decrease as the difference VS-VA decreases (refer to the map #MDVS3 of FIG. 23), convergence of the actual speed to the aimed speed is stabilized.
To the contrary, if the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated to designate a constant speed running condition while the vehicle is in an accelerated running condition or in a decelerated running condition, then the following effects can be anticipated.
Firstly, for an interval of time during transition to a constant speed running condition till a timing for opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 which is encountered for the first time directly after an operation for such transition, the throttle valve 31 is temporarily opened or closed to a throttle valve opening with which it is forecast for the vehicle to maintain the actual speed at a point of time directly after such operation. Accordingly, there is an effect that transition to a constant speed running condition directly after such operation can proceed rapidly and smoothly.
Secondly, since the aimed acceleration is gradually decreased (or increased) for each throttle valve opening/closing cycle upon transition to a constant speed running condition, the actual acceleration of the vehicle is gradually decreased (or increased) as time passes after the operation by actuating the throttle valve 31 in accordance with the gradually decreasing (or increasing) aimed acceleration. Then, when the actual acceleration becomes smaller (or greater) than the reference value, the speed of the vehicle is employed as a new aimed speed VS, and the aimed acceleration decreases (or increases) as the difference VS-VA decreases (or increases) so that the vehicle finally enters a constant speed running condition at a speed substantially equal to the aimed speed VS. Accordingly, there is an effect that occurrence of an impact by a sudden change in acceleration upon transition to a constant speed running condition is prevented.
When the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 are both in a released condition and automatic cruise mode control is being executed, the following effects can be attained.
Firstly, one of DVA.sub.65 which is high in follow-up performance to an actual change in acceleration of the vehicle and is suitable for control which requires a high responsibility, DVA.sub.850 which is low in influence by an instantaneous disturbance and is suitable for control which requires a high stability and DVA.sub.130 which has intermediate values between the values of them is selectively used as a value of an actual acceleration which is used in automatic cruise mode control.
Consequently, there is an effect that, when, for example, treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 is canceled or treadling of the brake pedal 28 is canceled to place the vehicle into a constant speed running condition, and when the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated to put the vehicle into a different running condition, starting of such transition can be effected rapidly and precisely by using the value of DVA.sub.65 in the control at a first opening/closing timing for the throttle valve 31 after starting of such transition. Further, there is an effect that, by using DVA.sub.850 after a constant speed running condition is reached after such transition, stabilized control can be attained which is free from occurrence of an error in operation by a disturbance.
Secondly, the timing at which the throttle valve 31 is to be opened or closed is set with a cycle which increases in inverse proportion to a change in speed of the vehicle when the speed of the vehicle is varying such as when the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled or when the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 45 is operated. Accordingly, there is an effect that the frequency of opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 per unit time increases as the speed of the vehicle rises and driving of the vehicle of a high responsibility can be attained.
Then, after a constant speed running condition is reached, the speed of the vehicle becomes substantially fixed and there is no significant variation in opening of the throttle valve 31. Accordingly, such timings as described above are set with a fixed cycle independent of the speed of the vehicle. Consequently, there is an effect that, even if the rate of high speed running is increased, reduction in life of the throttle valve 31 and the throttle valve pivoting section 26 can be prevented.
Subsequently, an engine controlling system of a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The engine controlling system of the second embodiment is different in part of automatic cruise mode from the engine controlling system of the first embodiment described hereinabove. In short, while the aimed acceleration DVS is caused to gradually approach 0 as means for causing the speed of the vehicle to approach an aimed speed VS upon transition to a constant speed running condition in the automatic cruise mode control in the embodiment described hereinabove, the speed of the vehicle is caused to approach an aimed speed VS by a different means.
To this end, the second embodiment is similar to the first embodiment except that, in the second embodiment, part of the construction of the engine controlling system and part of the automatic cruise mode control in control executed by the engine controlling system are different from those of the first embodiment.
Accordingly, for description of contents of construction of the system of the second embodiment, FIGS. 1 to 7 for the first embodiment can be used as they are, and for description of contents of control by the system of the second embodiment, FIGS. 8, 9, 11, 13 to 15, 17 and 18 can be used as they are while FIGS. 28, 29 and 30 corresponding to FIGS. 10, 12 and 16 relating to flow charts of the automatic cruise mode control will be used in place of FIGS. 10, 12 and 16, respectively.
It is to be noted that, in FIGS. 28, 29 and 30, like steps are denoted by like reference characters to those of FIGS. 10, 12 and 16, respectively.
To the contrary, since maps which are to be used for various controls of the second embodiment are similar to those used in the first embodiment, FIGS. 19 to 27 are used as they are.
As for the second embodiment, characteristic portions will be described with reference to FIGS. 28 to 30 except those portions of the first embodiment described hereinabove.
FIG. 28 is a flow chart illustrating details of non-direct throttle movement control executed at step A116 of the flow chart shown in FIG. 8(i). The non-direct throttle movement control involves, similarly as in the first embodiment, such actuation of the throttle valve 31 in response to movement of the accelerator pedal 27 that the accelerator pedal 27 and the throttle valve 31 may not always have a mechanically directly coupled relationship to each other in order to control the engine 13.
FIG. 29 is a flow chart illustrating details of automatic cruise mode control executed at step C144 of the flow chart of FIG. 28. The automatic cruise mode control involves, similarly as in the first embodiment, such adjustment of the opening of the throttle valve 31 in response to information of the detecting sections and switches 14 to 24 shown in FIG. 2 when treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 or the brake pedal 28 is canceled that the vehicle may make accelerated running, decelerated running or constant speed running in order to control the engine 13. However, the automatic cruise mode control is different in means for causing the speed of the vehicle to approach an aimed speed VS from that of the first embodiment.
FIG. 30 is a flow chart illustrating details of aimed speed control executed at step E133 of the flow chart of FIG. 29. The aimed speed control is executed principally by the constant speed controlling section 8 of the control section 25 similarly as in the first embodiment and involves modification of an aimed speed VS for constant speed running by the aimed speed changing switch 48 and setting of an aimed acceleration necessary for causing the speed of the vehicle to approach the aimed speed VS in the automatic cruise mode and another aimed acceleration necessary for maintaining the speed of the vehicle fixed after the speed has been approached and become substantially equal to the aimed speed VS. Also here, the aimed speed control is different from that of the first embodiment in means for setting such an aimed acceleration that is necessary to cause the speed of the vehicle to approach the aimed speed VS.
The engine controlling system 1 of the second embodiment having such a construction as shown in FIGS. 1 to 7 operates in the following manner in such control as defined by the flow charts shown in FIGS. 28 to 30.
After an ignition switch (not shown) is at first turned on to start the engine 13, control of the main flow shown at steps A101 to A117 of FIG. 8(i) is executed, and in preference to such control, first interrupt control which is to be executed for each 50 milliseconds in accordance with the flow chart of steps A118 to 120 of FIG. 8(ii), second interrupt control which is to be executed for each 10 milliseconds in accordance with the flow chart of steps A121 to A122 of FIG. 8(iii) and third interrupt control which is to be executed for each 65 milliseconds in accordance with the flow chart of steps A123 to A128 of FIG. 8(iv) are executed.
Contents of the controls in the second embodiment which are executed in accordance with the flow charts shown in FIGS. 8(i), 8(ii) and 8(iii) are different from those of the first embodiment only in the non-direct throttle movement control at step A116 including the automatic cruise mode control. Accordingly, operation of the engine controlling system 1 of the second embodiment proceeds in the quite same manner as in the first embodiment except when such non-direct throttle movement control is accomplished.
Further, in case such non-direct throttle movement control is executed, while the means for causing the speed of the vehicle to approach an aimed speed in the automatic cruise mode control is different, results thus attained are approach of the speed of the vehicle to the aimed speed and constant speed running wherein the speed of the vehicle is maintained fixed. Thus, substantially similar results as in the first embodiment are attained.
While contents of the non-direct throttle movement control to be executed at step A116 are illustrated in the flow chart of FIG. 28, the flow chart is a modification to the corresponding flow chart (FIG. 10) of the first embodiment in that the step C129 is replaced by a step C147 and an additional step C146 is provided between the steps C147 and C128.
At step C147, the value of a latest actual speed VA.sub.I read in at step C121 of FIG. 28 in a similar manner as in the first embodiment is substituted as a first aimed speed VS.sub.1. Meanwhile, at step C146, the value of a flag I.sub.10 is changed to 0. The flag I.sub.10 is used in the aimed speed control executed in the automatic cruise mode control and indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that initial setting of a second aimed speed VS.sub.2 has been already executed in the automatic cruise mode control.
In this manner, since the step C146 involves control relating to the automatic cruise mode control at step C144 while the step C147 only involves changing of the name and reference character of the step C129 of the first embodiment, operation of the engine controlling system 1 of the present embodiment is substantially same as that of the first embodiment except when the automatic cruise mode control at step C144 is executed while the brake pedal 28 and the accelerator pedal 27 are both in a released condition.
The automatic cruise mode control at steps C144 is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown in FIG. 29.
The flow chart of FIG. 29 is a modification to the corresponding flow chart of the first embodiment (FIG. 12) in that the step E105 is replaced by another step E134 and an additional step E135 is provided between the steps E106 and E107.
At step E134, the value of a latest actual speed VA.sub.I read in in the changing over switch control at step E128 or at step E104 in a similar manner as in the first embodiment is substituted into the first aimed speed VS.sub.1. Meanwhile, at step E135, the value of the flag I.sub.10 is changed to 0.
The step E134 only involves changing of the name and reference character of the aimed speed VS set in value at step E105 of FIG. 12 in the first embodiment into the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 similarly as at step C147 of FIG. 28. Accordingly, in case the sequence advances from step E134 via steps E106 and E135 to step E107, calculation of an aimed torque TOM.sub.3 necessary to maintain the speed of the vehicle at a value coincident with the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 is executed at step E107 in accordance with the equation (5) used in the first embodiment in a similar manner as in the first embodiment.
Then, in case the automatic cruise mode control illustrated in the flow chart of FIG. 29 is executed and the sequence advances from step E101 to step E102 in a first control cycle after releasing of the accelerator pedal 27, the value of the flag I.sub.10 to be used in the aimed speed control at step E133 is changed to 0 at step E135. Except the only difference in this regard from the first embodiment, the throttle valve 31 is pivoted to control the engine 13 in a similar manner as in the first embodiment so that the speed of the vehicle may be maintained at a value coincident with the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 which is only different in name and reference character from the aimed speed VS of the first embodiment.
To the contrary, in case the accelerator pedal 27 has been already released in the preceding control cycle and the sequence advances from step E101 to step E110, two different controls are executed by way of step E135. One of the controls is executed when the sequence advances from step E114 via step E115 to step E104 and then via steps E134, E106 and E135 to step E107 similarly as described hereinabove, and the other control is executed when the sequence advances via steps E128 and E132 to step E134 and then via steps E106 and E135 to step E107 similarly as described hereinabove. In those cases, it is different from the first embodiment in that the value of the flag I.sub.10 is changed to 0 at step E135.
Further, when the sequence advances from step E132 to step E133 and the aimed speed control is executed, contents of the aimed speed control are different from those of the first embodiment. The flag I.sub.10 provided only in the second embodiment is used in the aimed speed control, and the substantial difference of the engine controlling means of the second embodiment from that of the first embodiment exists when the aimed speed control is executed. Conditions with which the aimed speed control is executed and contents of the control at the other steps than at step E133 at which the aimed speed control is executed are substantially same as those of the first embodiment.
Subsequently, description of the aimed speed control will be described which is executed in accordance with the flow chart shown in FIG. 30.
In short, at first at step J101, it is judged, similarly as in the first embodiment, whether or not the value of a flag I.sub.8 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.8 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 0, that the vehicle is running at a substantially fixed speed as a result of execution of the automatic cruise mode control as described hereinabove.
Then, in case the speed of the vehicle is substantially fixed already as a result of execution of the automatic cruise mode control, the sequence advances to step J130 depending upon such judgment at step J101, but in the other case, the sequence advances to step J102 similarly as in the first embodiment.
In particular, in case the sequence advances to step J101 before the speed of the vehicle becomes substantially fixed after transition to a running condition by the automatic cruise mode control, and in case the sequence advances to step J101 before the speed of the vehicle, while the vehicle is in a running condition by the automatic cruise mode control, becomes substantially fixed after the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 has been operated to designate constant speed running, the sequence then advances to step J102 depending upon such judgment at step J101.
To the contrary, in case the sequence advances to step J101 after the speed of the vehicle has become a substantially fixed value after transition to a running condition by the automatic cruise mode control, in case the sequence advances to step J101 after the speed of the vehicle has become substantially fixed after designation of constant speed running during accelerated or decelerated running of the vehicle, and in case the sequence advances to step J101 after the speed of the vehicle has reached an aimed speed and become substantially fixed as a result of accelerated or decelerated running, the sequence advances to step J130 depending upon such judgment at step J101.
In case the sequence advances from step J101 to step J102, it is judged at step J102 whether or not the value of a flag I.sub.11 is equal to 1. The flag I.sub.11 indicates, when it assumes a value equal to 1, that the present control cycle is a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle as described hereinabove.
In case the present control cycle falls on a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle, the sequence advances to step J117 depending upon such judgment at step J102. To the contrary, in case the present control cycle does not fall on a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle, the aimed speed control in the present control cycle is completed depending upon such judgment at step J102.
In case the sequence advances from step J102 to step J117, it is judged at step J117 whether or not the value of the flag I.sub.10 is equal to 1.
In case initial setting of a value of the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 has not yet been executed in the automatic cruise mode control, the sequence advances from step J117 to step J118 at which the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is designated as a value of the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 to effect initial setting thereof. Then at step J119, the value of the flag I.sub.10 is changed to 1, whereafter the sequence advances to step J120.
To the contrary, in case initial setting of the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 has been executed already at step J118 in the preceding control cycle, since the value of the flag I.sub.10 has been also changed to 1 at step J119, the sequence advances directly to step J120 depending upon such judgment at step J117.
By the way, aimed speed control is executed in the following six cases. When automatic cruise mode control is entered in any control cycle in response to canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27, then such aimed speed control is executed in case neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 causes designation of constant speed running, in case constant speed running is designated by the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46, and in case the speed of the vehicle has reached a final aimed speed as a result of accelerated or decelerated running. Also when such automatic cruise mode control is entered in any control cycle in response to canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28, the aimed speed control is executed in any of such three cases as described above.
Among the six cases, in any of the four cases except the two cases wherein the speed of the vehicle has been reached a final aimed speed as a result of accelerated or decelerated running, the sequence advances to step J102.
In any of the four cases, since the value of the flag I.sub.10 has been changed to 0 at step C146 of FIG. 28 or at step E135 of FIG. 29 as described hereinabove, the sequence advances from step J117 to J118 to effect setting of a second aimed speed again without fail in a first throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle. Further, since the value of the flag I.sub.10 is changed to 0 at step J119 in the throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle, the sequence advances, in the following throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle, from step J117 directly to step J120 as described hereinabove.
At step J120, it is judged whether or not the absolute value .vertline.VS.sub.2 -VS.sub.1 .vertline. of a difference between the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 and the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 is smaller than a preset reference value K.sub.3.
In case neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 is operated during execution of the automatic cruise mode control in any control cycle in response to canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28, the latest actual speed VA.sub.I is designated as the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 at step C147 (FIG. 28) in a first control cycle after such canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28. But in the other cases, the latest actual speed VA.sub.I is designated as the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 at step E134 (FIG. 29) in a first following control cycle.
Meanwhile, in any of the four cases described above, the initial value of the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is the actual speed read in at step A103 (FIG. 8(i)) in a throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle first encountered.
Since there is a difference in timing between setting of the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 and setting of the second aimed speed VS.sub.2, they have different values from each other. In short, in case the vehicle has been in an accelerated running condition till then, the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is higher than the first aimed speed VS.sub.1, but on the contrary in case the vehicle has been in a decelerated running condition till then, the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 is higher than the second aimed speed VS.sub.2.
Thus, if it is judged at step J120 that the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. is not smaller than the preset reference value K.sub.3, then the sequence advances to step J121.
To the contrary, in case the difference between the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 and the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 has decreased so that it is judged at step J120 that the absolute value .vertline.VS.sub.2 -VS.sub.1 .vertline. is smaller than the preset reference value K.sub.3, the sequence advances to step J128.
After the sequence advances from step 120 to step J121, it is judged at step J121 whether or not the second aimed speed is higher than the first aimed speed VS.sub.1. Then, if it is judged that the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is higher, the sequence advances to step J123, but on the contrary if it is judged that the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is not higher, the sequence advances to step J122.
At step J123, a value VS.sub.2 -V.sub.K2 obtained by subtraction of a preset correction value V.sub.K2 from the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 in the preceding control cycle is set to the value of a new second aimed speed VS.sub.2, and the sequence advances to step J124. To the contrary, at step J122, a value VS.sub.2 +V.sub.K2 obtained by addition of the preset correction value V.sub.K2 to the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 in the preceding control cycle is set to the value of a new second aimed speed VS.sub.2, and then the sequence advances to step J124.
Accordingly, by such control at steps J121 to J123 as described above, the value of the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is changed to approach the value of the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 by the correction amount V.sub.K2 for each opening/closing timing for the throttle valve 31.
At step J124, the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is set as a value of the aimed speed VS for constant speed running by the aimed speed control, and then at subsequent step J125, a difference VS-VA between the aimed speed VS set in this manner and the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is calculated, whereafter the sequence advances to step J126.
At step J126, an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 corresponding to the difference VS-VA is read out from the map #MDVS3. The map #MDVS3 is the same as the map used at step L115 (FIG. 17) in the acceleration control described hereinabove, but here the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 in the aimed speed control is used as an acceleration for causing the speed of the vehicle to approach the aimed speed VS until coincidence is reached. It is to be noted that the map #MDVS3 is provided to find out an aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 using the difference VS-VA as a parameter, and the difference VS-VA and the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 have such a relationship as illustrated in FIG. 23.
Subsequently at step J127, the aimed acceleration DVS.sub.3 is designated as a value of the aimed acceleration DVS which is to be subsequently used to calculate an aimed torque TOM.sub.2 at step E123 (FIG. 29) after the aimed speed control, thereby completing the aimed speed control in the present control cycle.
After completion of the aimed speed control in this manner, control at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 29 is executed in the quite similar manner as in the first embodiment. Then, by the control, an aimed torque TOM.sub.2 for obtaining an acceleration of the vehicle equal to the aimed acceleration DVS set in the aimed speed control is calculated, and the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed to an opening .theta..sub.TH2 thus determined so as to cause the engine 13 to produce the aimed torque TOM.sub.2.
As a result, a torque substantially equal to the aimed torque TOM.sub.2 is produced from the engine 13 so that the speed of the vehicle approaches the aimed speed VS, that is, the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 as described hereinabove in connection with the first embodiment.
Accordingly, as the control at steps J121 to J127 shown in FIG. 30 in the aimed speed control described above is repetitively executed for each throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle, the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 gradually approaches the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 as described hereinabove.
In case the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 approaches the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 so that it is judged at step J120 that the absolute value .vertline.VS.sub.2 -VS.sub.1 .vertline. of the difference between them is smaller than the preset reference value K.sub.3, the sequence advances to step J128 at which the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 is set as a value of the aimed speed VS for constant speed running in the aimed speed control. In short, after the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 has approached the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 sufficiently, the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 becomes the aimed speed VS.
Then at subsequent step J129, it is judged whether or not the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. of a difference between the aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA read in at step A103 of FIG. 8(i) is smaller than a preset reference value K.sub.4.
In case the speed of the vehicle has not yet approached the aimed speed sufficiently, it is judged that the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. is not smaller than the reference value K.sub.4, and the sequence advances to step J125.
At step J125 and following steps J126 and J127, such control as described hereinabove is executed. Control to be executed at steps E123 to E127 of FIG. 29 after the control is also such as described hereinabove. As a result of such control, the speed of the vehicle approaches the aimed speed VS.
Since the values of the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 and the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 are not yet changed in the following control cycle, the sequence advances from step J120 to J128 of FIG. 30 so that similar control as described above is executed. Then, if the speed of the vehicle sufficiently approaches the aimed speed VS and it is judged at step J129 that the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. is smaller than the reference value K.sub.4, the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0 at step J108, and after then, the control at steps J109 to J116 is executed.
Since the value of the flag I.sub.8 is changed to 0 here at step J108, the sequence advances, in the following control cycle, to step J130 depending upon judgment at step J101 so long as the aimed speed control is executed continuously. Thus, at step J130, the value of the flag I.sub.10 is changed to 0, whereafter the control at steps J109 to J116 is executed.
The control at steps J109 to J116 is quite similar to that in the first embodiment, and at steps J109 to J112, setting of the aimed speed VS is changed by means of the aimed speed changing switch 48, and then at steps J113 to J116, an aimed acceleration DVS is set which is necessary to maintain the speed of the vehicle at a value coincident with the aimed speed.
It is to be noted that, since modification to the aimed speed VS by the control at steps J109 to J112 is effected after the absolute value .vertline.VS-VA.vertline. of the difference between the aimed speed VS and the actual speed VA has been decreased to a value smaller than the reference value K.sub.4, changing of setting of the aimed speed VS by the aimed speed changing switch 48 is enabled, similarly as in the first embodiment, only when the vehicle is in a constant running condition wherein the speed of the vehicle is fixed.
As a result of execution of such aimed speed control, the running condition of the vehicles enters a constant speed running condition in compliance with the following various cases.
In case automatic cruise mode control is entered as a result of canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 or the brake pedal 28, if neither of the acceleration switch 45 and the changing over switch 46 is operated, then the vehicle finally enters a constant speed running condition wherein it maintains a speed substantially equal to the speed at a point of time directly after such canceling of treadling.
To the contrary, in case either the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated to designate constant speed running, the vehicle finally enters a constant speed running condition wherein the speed thereof is substantially equal to the speed at a point of time directly after such operation.
On the other hand, in case the speed of the vehicle reaches an aimed speed as a result of accelerated or deceleration running of the vehicle, the vehicle finally enters a constant speed running condition wherein the speed thereof is substantially equal to a final aimed speed.
Since the control of the engine 13 by the engine controlling system 1 of the second embodiment of the present invention is executed in such a manner as described above, substantially similar effects to those of the first embodiment can be attained. In addition, the following effects peculiar to the second embodiment can be attained by the aimed speed control which is different from that of the first embodiment.
In short, in case the accelerator pedal 27 is treadled to effect acceleration of the vehicle and then the treadling is canceled, at first the actual speed VA.sub.I at a point of time directly after such canceling is set to the first aimed speed VS.sub.1, and the throttle valve 31 is temporarily pivoted to an opening position at which it is forecast for the vehicle to maintain the first aimed speed VS.sub.1. Subsequently, when a first throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle is encountered in the following control cycle, the actual speed VA is set to the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 and the opening of the throttle valve 31 is adjusted to control the engine 13 so that the speed of the vehicle may approach the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 while the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is caused to gradually approach the first aimed speed VS.sub.1. Consequently, the speed of the vehicle finally becomes substantially coincident with the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 and is thereafter maintained fixed at the first aimed speed VS.sub.1.
Accordingly, firstly there is an effect that the speed of the vehicle in a constant speed running condition coincides further accurately with the speed at a point of time directly after canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27.
Secondly, not the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 but the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is employed as an aimed speed for constant speed running immediately in a first throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle after canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27 in order to decrease the difference between the aimed speed and the speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly before the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed in the first throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle.
Accordingly, there is an effect that sudden change in speed and acceleration of the vehicle when the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed in the throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle is eliminated and accordingly occurrence of a disagreeable impact is prevented and a very smooth change in speed can be realized.
Subsequently, in case the brake pedal 28 is treadled to decelerate the vehicle and then such treadling is canceled, similarly as in the first embodiment, except when the condition wherein the deceleration of the vehicle upon deceleration is higher than a reference value continues for an interval of time longer than a reference interval of time and the speed of the vehicle upon such canceling of treadling is lower than a reference value, the first aimed speed VS.sub.1 and the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 are set to effect opening or closing movement of the throttle valve 31 in a similar manner as upon canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 28.
Accordingly, firstly there is an effect that the speed of the vehicle in a constant speed running condition coincides further accurately with the speed at a point of time directly after canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28.
Secondly, the second aimed speed VS.sub.2 is employed as an aimed speed of constant speed running immediately in a first throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle after canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28 in order to decrease the difference between the aimed speed and the speed of the vehicle at a point of time directly before the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed in the first throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle.
Accordingly, there is an effect that sudden change in speed and acceleration of the vehicle when the throttle valve 31 is opened or closed in the throttle valve opening/closing timing cycle is eliminated and accordingly occurrence of a disagreeable impact is prevented and a very smooth change in speed can be realized.
Description of the second embodiment is completed with this.
In the following, description will be given of such engine controlling system 1 where it is installed in a vehicle which has a manual transmission.
While each of the engine controlling systems 1 of the first and second embodiments is installed in the vehicle which has the automatic transmission 32, such system 1 can be installed also in a vehicle having a manual transmission (not shown). With the system 1, substantially similar effects to those of the first and second embodiments described hereinabove can be attained.
In this instance, the construction of the engine controlling system 1 of the first and second embodiments shown in FIG. 2 should be modified in the following regards.
In short, the output rotational speed detecting section 22 is eliminated and a manual transmission (not shown) is provided in place of the automatic transmission 32, and a shift lever (not shown) for manually selecting a gear position of the manual transmission is provided in place of the shift selector 29. Further, the shift selector 17 is replaced by a shift position switch (not shown) which has a contact which presents an on-state when the shift lever is positioned at a neutral position or at a position for rearward running or when a clutch pedal (not shown) is treadled.
Contents of control executed by the engine controlling system 1 which is modified for the manual transmission in such a manner as described just above are modified in the following points to those of the first and second embodiments.
In short, in the control executed at step A113 of FIG. 8(i), it is judged whether or not the contact of the shift position switch (not shown) is in an on-state. Then, if it is judged that the contact is in an on-state, then the sequence advances to step A117, but on the contrary if it is judged that the contact is in an off-state, then the sequence advances to step A114.
Meanwhile, the value of the speed ratio e for calculating a torque ratio T.sub.Q in the equation (1) used at step C130 or FIG. 28, the equation (2) used at step D123 of FIG. 11, the equation (4) used at step E107 of FIG. 12 or FIG. 29 and the equation (5) used at step E123 of FIG. 12 or FIG. 29 is equal to 1.
Operation of the engine controlling system 1 having such a construction as described above is different from that of the engine controlling system 1 of the first and second embodiments only at step A113 which is modified as described above.
In particular, when the shift lever is at the neutral position or at the position for rearward running or when the clutch pedal (not shown) is treadled, the contact of the shift position switch is in an on-state. Accordingly, depending upon such judgment at step A113, the sequence advances to step A117 at which direct throttle movement is performed in a similar manner as in the first embodiment or in the second embodiment.
To the contrary, when the shift lever is positioned at any other position than the neutral position and the position for rearward running and the clutch pedal is not treadled, the contact of the shift position switch is in an off-state. Accordingly, depending upon such judgement at step A113, the sequence advances to step A114 at which control is executed in a similar manner as in the first embodiment or the second embodiment.
Accordingly, also where such engine controlling system is installed in a vehicle which has a manual transmission, substantially similar effects to those of the first embodiment or the second embodiment can be attained.
Meanwhile, the shift lever of such an engine controlling system as described above may have, at a position thereof at which the shift position switch presents an on-state, a first speed position which may be used as the low gear position, or such a first speed position and a second speed position as the second gear position, or otherwise such first and speed positions and a third speed position as the third gear position.
Description of the engine controlling system 1 as installed in the vehicle which has the manual transmission is thus completed.
The engine controlling systems of the different embodiments described hereinabove may have such modification as described below.
When the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is operated to designate an accelerated running condition or a decelerated running condition while automatic cruise mode control is executed in a control cycle and the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition, a set value of a final aimed speed may be modified by the final aimed speed setting section 6 of the control section 25.
In short, the set value of the final aimed speed then is a sum of a correction amount V.sub.K1 and an actual speed VA detected by the speed/acceleration detecting section 24 when an accelerated running condition is designated but is a difference of a correction amount V.sub.K2 from an actual speed VA detected by the speed/acceleration detecting section 24 when a decelerated running condition is designated. However, the final aimed speed may be set otherwise by multiplying asnactual speed VA by a preset coefficient.
Or else, an aimed speed VS while the vehicle has been in a constant speed running condition may be employed in place of an actual speed VA. Meanwhile, substantially similar effects can be attained if the two correction amounts V.sub.K1 and V.sub.K2 have a same value.
Subsequently, when the changing over switch 46 is operated to designate a decelerated running condition while the vehicle is in a constant speed running condition, the aimed acceleration may be increased gradually for each cotrol cycle after such designation similarly as when an accelerated running condition is designated. In this instance, in addition to the effects attained by the embodiments described hereinabove, there is an effect that transition to decelerated running proceeds further smoothly.
To the contrary, in case the throttle switch 47 is moved to the position the throttle valve 31 is normally maintained at its minmum opening position corresponding to the engine idling position after canceling of treadling of the brake pedal 28. In this instance, the throttle valve 31 may be normally maintained at its minimum opening position further after canceling of treadling of the accelerator pedal 27.
Further, the acceleration switch 45 has the four positions to shown in FIG. 6, and in case changing over of the acceleration switch 45 is effected without effecting operation of the changing over switch 46, if the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to the positio , constant speed running is designated, but if the acceleration switch 45 is changed over to any of the positions to , accelerated running is designated by the running condition designating section 3 of the control section 25. However, running conditions corresponding to the positions to may not be limited to such as described above, and arbitrary running conditions may be designated by the individual positions to of the acceleration switch 45.
Further, while decelerated running is not designated by mere changing over of the acceleration switch 45 in the embodiments described above, one of the four positions of the acceleration switch 45 may be a position for selective setting of decelerated running in order to enable designation of decelerated running by mere changing over of the acceleration switch. Besides, selection of the acceleration switch 45 is not limited to the four positions to and may otherwise have an increased or decreased number of positions.
In addition, changing over of a running condition corresponding to operation of the changing over switch 46 is not limited to such as described hereinabove in connection with the embodiments, and arbitrary running conditions may be set in combination for each position of the acceleration switch 45 so that they may be changed over in response to operation of the changing over switch 46.
Subsequently, in case, when deceleration of the vehicle is performed by the brake (not shown), the duration of a condition wherein deceleration of the vehicle is greater than a reference value is longer than a reference interval of time and the speed of the vehicle upon deceleration is lower than a reference value, the throttle valve 31 is maintained at the minimum opening corresponding to the engine idling position continuously after canceling of releasing of the brake pedal 28. The requirements may be modified in accordance with characteristics or an object for use of the vehicle.
Thus, such requirement may be, for example, that deceleration is greater than a reference value, that the duration is longer than a reference value, or that deceleration is greater than a reference value and the speed of the vehicle upon deceleration is lower than a reference value.
Meanwhile, although judgment of a degree of deceleration is made depending on deceleration, it may otherwise be made depending on a magnitude of pressure of brake oil for actuating the brake.
Further, automatic cruise mode control is executed in each control cycle. An additional function may be provided of indicating an aimed speed for constant speed running when constant speed running is designated as a running condition of the vehicle but indicating a final aimed speed for accelerated running or for deceleration running when accelerated running or decelerated running is designated. In this instance, changing of a set value of an aimed speed or a final aimed speed can be made while confirming the same by eyesight.
Further, in the engine controlling system 1 of the embodiments described above, when the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 are both in a released condition, constant speed running is normally designated a a running condition of the vehicle except a special case. Hovever, constant speed running may otherwise be performed only when constant speed running is designated artificially as in a conventional system. In this instance, since designation of a running condition is made artificially, similar effects can be attained by rendering the engine controlling system 1 operative when the vehicle is accomplishing constant speed running.
In addition, in the engine controlling system of any of the embodiments, without designating constant speed running as a running condition of the vehicle when merely the accelerator pedal 27 and the brake pedal 28 are both put into a released condition, constant speed running may be designated when the acceleration switch 45 or the changing over switch 46 is changed to effect changing over to a preset condition, that is, when the acceleration switch 45 in the embodiments is changed over to the position .
Industrial Applicability of the Invention
As described hereinabove, an engine controlling system of the present invention can execute its control precisely where it is applied as a controlling system for an engine of a vehicle for controlling an output power of the engine, and particularly as a controlling system for an engine of an automobile for appropriately controlling an output torque of the automobile engine to automatically control running of the automobile.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An engine controlling system for an engine of a vehicle having an accelerator pedal, said system comprising: operation amount detecting means for detecting an operation amount of the accelerator pedal to develop an operation amount detection signal, accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means for detecting treadling and cancellation of treadling of the accelerator pedal, wherein said accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means develops a treadled condition detection signal when treadling of the accelerator pedal is detected and develops a treadled condition canceling detection signal when cancellation of treadling is detected, engine output adjusting means for adjusting an output power of the engine, first control amount setting means responsive to said accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means for setting, when th treadled condition detection signal has been received, a first control amount of said engine output adjusting means in accordance with the operation amount detection signal, running condition selecting means responsive to said accelerator pedal operated condition detecting means for selecting, when the treadled condition canceling detection signal is received, one of constant speed running and accelerated running as an aimed running condition of the vehicle, and for developing a constant speed running designating signal when constant speed running is selected and developing an accelerated running designating signal when accelerated running is selected, running speed detecting means for detecting a running speed of the vehicle and developing a running speed detection signal, aimed speed setting means responsive to said running condition selecting means for setting, when the constant speed running designating signal is received, an aimed speed for constant speed running of said vehicle, wherein said aimed speed is set to the running speed detected when the treadled condition canceling detection signal is developed, second control amount setting means responsive to said running condition selecting means and said running speed detecting means for setting, when the constant speed running designating signal is received, a control amount of said engine output adjusting means necessary to make the running speed of said vehicle equal to the aimed speed and for setting, when the accelerated running designating signal is received, a control amount of said engine output adjusting means necessary for accelerated running of the vehicle, and output controlling means for controlling said engine output adjusting means in accordance with the control amount set by said first control amount setting means or said second control amount setting means.
2. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said second control amount setting means includes a first aimed acceleration setting section for setting, when the constant speed running designating signal is received, in accordance with the running speed detection signal, an aimed acceleration of said vehicle for making the running speed of said vehicle equal to the aimed speed, a second aimed acceleration setting section for setting, when the accelerated running designating signal is received, an aimed acceleration when said vehicle is to accomplish accelerated running, an aimed output setting section for calculating an aimed output power of said engine in accordance with an aimed acceleration set either by said first aimed acceleration setting section or by said second aimed acceleration setting section, and a control amount setting section for setting a control amount of said engine output adjusting means in accordance with the aimed output power of said engine.
3. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein said second aimed acceleration setting section includes a final aimed speed setting section for setting, when the accelerated running designating signal is received, a final aimed speed of said vehicle for accelerated running, a constant acceleration setting section for setting, when the accelerated running designating signal is received, an acceleration having a fixed avalue, a variable acceleration setting section for setting an acceleration which varies toward the acceleration set by said constant acceleration setting section in accordance with a time elapsed after reception of the acclerated running designating signal, and an aimed acceleration selecting setting section for selectively setting that one of the accelerations set by said constant acceleration setting section and said variable acceleration setting section which is smaller in absolute value as an aimed value of an acceleration for accelerated running of said vehicle.
4. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein said constant acceleration setting section sets, when the accelerated running designating signal is received, an acceleration having a fixed negative value.
5. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein said variable acceleration setting section includes a time responding acceleration setting section for setting an acceleration which varies toward the acceleration set by said constant acceleration setting section in accordance with a time elapsed after reception of the accelerated running designating signal, a speed responding acceleration setting section for setting, in accordance with the running speed detection signal, an acceleration which decreases in absolute value as the running speed of said vehicle approaches the final aimed speed, and a variable acceleration selecting setting section for comparing an absolute value of the acceleration set by said time responding acceleration setting section and another absolute value of the acceleration set by said speed responding acceleration setting section to selectively set that one of the accelerations which is smaller in absolute value.
6. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein said speed responding acceleration setting section includes an automatic running condition changing over section for changing over, in accordance with the running speed detection signal, the selection of said running condition designating section from accelerated running to constant speed running when the absolute value of a deviation between the running speed of said vehicle and the final aimed speed becomes smaller than a predetermined value.
7. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed forth in claim 3, wherein said final aimed speed setting section includes a manually operated section, and a final aimed speed modifying section for changing, when said manually operated section enters a predetermined condition, the final aimed speed by a predetermined amount.
8. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 7, wherein said final aimed speed setting section changes, when said manually operated section continuously remains in the predetermined condition, the final aimed speed in accordance with an interval of time for which the same condition continues.
9. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 3, wherein said variable acceleration setting section sets, in accordance with the running speed detection signal, an acceleration which decreases in absolute value as the running speed of said vehicle approaches the final aimed speed.
10. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 2, wherein said first aimed acceleration setting section sets an aimed acceleration of said vehicle in accordance with a deviation between the running speed of said vehicle and the aimed speed.
11. A engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 10, wherein said first aimed acceleration setting section includes an aimed acceleration limiting section for limiting the aimed acceleration to a value smaller than a predetermined upper limit value.
12. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said first control amount setting means includes an aimed acceleration setting section for setting, when the treadled condition detection signal is received, in accordance with the operation amount detection signal, an aimed acceleration in response to an amount of operation of said accelerator pedal and a changing rate of the amount of operation, an aimed output calculating section for calculating an aimed output power of said engine in accordance with the aimed acceleration set by said aimed acceleration setting section, and a control amount of calculating section for calculating a control amount of said engine output adjusting means in accordance with the aimed engine output power calculated by said aimed output calculating section.
13. An engine controlling system for a vehicle as claimed in claim 1, wherein said engine output adjusting means includes a throttle valve for changing an amount of air sucked into said engine.