Mechanism for Moving Thermal Head on Carriage

1. Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a printer for use in an electronic typewriter, facsimile apparatus, personal computer, word processor or the like, and more particularly to a serial printer in which a recording head reciprocates along a platen.

2. Description of the Related Background Art

In conventional printers there are provided motors respectively for up-down motion of the recording head and for reciprocating a carrier, supporting the recording head, along a platen.

The presence of such plural motors in the conventional printers has inevitably increased the dimension thereof.

Also it is proposed, in the conventional printers, to use a single motor both for the up-down motion of the recording head and for the reciprocating motion of the carrier. However such printers require a solenoid, plunger or the like as a switching mechanism in the transmission of a driving force, and are therefore inevitably large.

An object of the present invention is to provide a compact printer not requiring a large installation space.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a serial printer in which the driving force of a common drive source can be utilized for the up-down motion of the recording head and for the reciprocating motion of the carrier supporting the recording head.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a serial printer in which the driving force of a single motor is utilized for the up-down motion of the recording head and for the reciprocating motion of the carrier. The up-down motions of the recording head can still be appropriately achieved during the forward motion of the carrier.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an exploded perspective view of a carrier thereof;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the carrier;

FIGS. 5A and 5B are enlarged perspective views of a control plate and a head cam;

FIGS. 6 and 7 are right- and left-hand lateral views of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 8 and 9 are plan views of the interior of a ribbon cassette constituting an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a shutter gear constituting an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 11A and 11B are schematic views showing the function of the control plate and the head cam;

FIGS. 12A, 12A', 12B, 12B' and 12C are schematic views showing the function of a carrier pinion and a sheet feeding mechanism in an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an output unit of an electronic typewriter employing the printer of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a timing chart showing a carrier initializing process;

FIG. 15 is a timing chart showing the entire function of a printing operation constituting an embodiment of the present invention;

FIGS. 16A and 16B are schematic views showing the function of the control plate;

FIG. 17 is a timing chart showing a printing operation with a self-correction ribbon;

FIG. 18 is a timing chart showing an erasing operation with the self-correction ribbon;

FIGS. 19A and 19B are schematic views showing the states of peeling of printing ribbon from the recording sheet at the printing operation;

FIGS. 20A and 20B are schematic views showing the states of peeling of printing ribbon from the recording sheet at the erasing operation;

FIG. 21 is a partial perspective view of another embodiment of the sheet feeding mechanism;

FIGS. 22A, 22B and 22C are schematic perspective views of an embodiment for preventing backlash;

FIGS. 23A, 23B, 23C and 23D are schematic views showing the function of a switching lever;

FIG. 24 is a flow chart of the output unit;

FIG. 25 is an exploded perspective view of an ink ribbon cassette; and

FIGS. 26A, 26B and 26C are perspective views of a delay lever.

Now the present invention will be discussed in detail by embodiments thereof shown in the attached drawings.

The following embodiment is a thermal transfer printer with a movable carrier, in which said carrier is self driven by a motor provided thereon and driving a carrier pinion gear which meshes with a rack fixed to the body of the printer, and the carrier is disconnected from said rack at the left-end position but is linked with a sheet feeding mechanism to effect sheet feeding, thereby reducing the motor load.

Although the following embodiment is realized with a thermal transfer printer, the present invention is applicable also to other serial printers such as an ink jet printer or a mechanical impact printer.

FIGS. 1A and 1B are perspective views of an embodiment of the present invention. As will be explained in the following, the printer of the present embodiment can be loaded with a cassette for so-called self-correction ink ribbon, a two-color ink ribbon cassette or an ordinary single-color ink ribbon cassette to achieve single-color recording, multi-color recording or correction or erasure of such recording, fully exploiting the characteristics of the load ribbon. In FIGS. 1A and 1B, a base member 1 is provided with a left side plate 101, a right side plate 102, and a gear support plate 103. Said left side plate 101 is provided with shafts 101a, 101b, 101c for supporting springs and gears to be explained later. Also the gear support plate 103 is provided with a guide hole 103a for supporting the shaft of a bevel gear to be explained later. In the front part of the base member 1 there are provided grooves 104a, 104b, 104c for accomodating flexible cables. On the bottom plate 105 of the base member there is provided a guide rail 105a over the entire width of said bottom plate. A rack 2 is provided in a predetermined position of the base member 1 along the direction of recording, and meshes with a pinion gear of the carrier to be explained later, in the course of printing operation. Said rack is provided with plural rack teeth 2a, arranged at a predetermined pitch and occupying a part of the thickness of said rack 2. At the left end of said rack teeth 2a there is provided a stop tooth 2b over the entire vertical thickness of the rack 2. Also at a position of two tooth pitches from said stop tooth and above the teeth 2a, there is provided a start tooth 2c of a predetermined length. Said rack 2 is further provided with an upper guide face 2d and a lower guide face 2e in order to guide the carrier to be explained later. A paper pan 3, integrally formed with said base member 1 is provided with two square holes 3a (one being not shown) for accepting pinch rollers to be explained later.

A paper feed roller, composed of alternately positioned disk-shaped paper guides 4a and cross-shaped plates 4b, is integrally molded with a plastic material such as polycarbonate or ABS resin. On both ends of said paper feed roller 4 there are similarly integrally formed guide shafts 4c, 4d, which are rotatably supported by the left side plate 101 and the right side plate 102. Paper feed rubber rollers 5, having rubber-made periphery, are provided at predetermined positions spaced from the paper feed roller 4. In the present embodiment there are employed four paper feed rubber rollers 5 (two not being shown).

Thus, in the present embodiment, the guide shafts 4c, 4d, disk-shaped guide plates 4a and paper feed rubber rollers 5 are integrally formed, and the paper feed rollers 5 are covered with rubber on the peripheries thereof to securely transport a recording sheet S with high friction, while the guide plates 4 guide the sheet S with low friction. Though the guide plates 4a have a slightly smaller diameter than that of the rubber rollers 5, they may also be of the same diameter.

A platen holder 6 is supported between the left and right side plates 101, 102, and is provided with grooves 6a in positions corresponding to said guide plates 4aof the paper feed roller 4 and said paper feed rubber rollers 5. In order to guide the leading end of the transported sheet S, the platen holder 6 is provided with bent portions 6b at the lower end thereof, corresponding to the gaps in the paper feed roller 4 and the paper feed rubber rollers 5. More specifically, said bend ends 4bof the holder 6 enter the interior of the peripheries of said rollers 4, 5 (in the cross section) in the gaps of said rollers, thereby preventing undesired entry of the sheet into said gaps. The guide plates 4aand the rubber rollers 5 need not necessarily be disk-shaped but can be of other forms having arc portions as shown in FIG. 21.

On the front face of the platen holder 6, facing the printing head to be explained later, there is adhered, along the printing direction, a platen 7 composed of an elastic and heat-insulating sheet such as foamed polyurethane sheet, in order to support the recording sheet at a predetermined position in the recording operation by the printing head. Pinch rollers 8, maintained in pressure contact with the paper feed rubber rollers 5, are lined with rubber for fetching the leading end of the sheet at the insertion thereof (one of the pinch rollers not illustrated). Pinch disks 9, composed of thin disk-shaped plates, are rotatably supported and are so positioned as to engage, in the vicinity of the external peripheries thereof, respectively with the paper feed rubber rollers 5. Said pinch disks 9 are biased by pinch springs 10 and rotate with said rubber rollers 5 in the absence of the recording sheet, for example before the insertion thereof, thereby dissipating the bias pressure. Said pinch springs 10 also press the central parts of said pinch rollers 8.

A paper feed roller gear 11 is mounted on the rotary shaft 4d of the paper feed roller 4, and rotates integrally therewith. A left-end platen knob 12 is integrally mounted to said paper feed roller 4 and rotates said roller 4 when said knob 12 is manually rotated. A release lever 13, rotatably fitted on the shaft 4c of the paper feed roller 4 and also rotatably fitted on the right side plate 102 actuates a paper release mechanism to be explained later when a knob 13a is maniplated, thereby separating the aforementioned pinch rollers 5 and pinch disks 9 and freeing the printing sheet. A right-end platen knob 14 is integrally mounted on said paper feed roller 4. A paper feed gear 15 and a shutter gear 16 are supported rotatably on the shaft 101c of said left side plate 101. As shown in FIG. 1B, said paper feed gear 15 is constructed as a stepped structure composed of a smaller gear 15a and a larger gear 15b, and is further provided with a cylindrical portion 15d having a partial notch 15 c, in a position corresponding to said shutter 16. The shutter gear 16 is provided, as shown in a magnified view in FIG. 10, with feeding teeth 16a of normal form and shutter teeth 16b with a partially cut-off form, wherein a tooth face 16c is common to both teeth while the other tooth face is formed as two levels 16d and 16e, with an abutting face 16f therebetween. On a cylindrical portion 16g of the shutter gear 16 there is wound a friction spring 17 with a predetermined force, of which an end 17a engages with a notch 15c of said paper feed gear 15. Said notch 15chas an angle corresponding to 1.5 teeth of the larger gear 15b, and the end 17a of the friction spring 7 is rendered freely movable in said notch 15c, so that the paper feed gear 15 and the shutter gear 16 are rendered mutually rotatable within the angle of said notch 15cbut move together beyond said angle under the braking action of said friction spring 17. A pressure gear 18 has a central, groove 18a, with two rows of gear teeth 18b of the same phase on both sides of said groove 18a. The internal diameter of said pressure gear 18 is made considerably larger than the supporting shaft 101b, so that the center of the pressure gear 18 is not defined by said shaft 101b. A grip ring 19 is mounted on a predetermined position of the shaft 101b, thus limiting the movement of said pressure ring in the axial direction and maintaining said gear on the shaft 101b. A pressure spring 20 is provided between a cylindrical portion 18c at the bottom of the groove 18a of the pressure gear 18 and the shaft 101a, thus pulling said pressure gear 18 so as to maintain said gear in contact with the paper feed roller gear 11 and the smaller gear 15a of said paper feed gear 15. In this manner the backlash among the paper feed gear, pressure gear 18 and paper feed roller gear 11 can be eliminated (see, for example, FIG. 22A). The removal of backlash can also be achieved by applying a torsion spring 20a or a tension spring 20b in the groove 18a as shown in FIGS. 22B and 22C.

A switch 21, with contacts 21a, 21b is mounted in a predetermined position of the base member 1. A carrier 50 is provided slidable in the printing direction, being guided by the rack 2 and the guide rail 105a of the base member 1. A ribbon cassette 60 is loaded on said carrier 50.

Now reference is made to FIGS. 2 to 5B for explaining the internal structure of the carrier 50.

In these drawings a carrier base 501 is provided with a pair of guide portions 501a for guiding the aforementioned rack 2, on both sides. A projection 501b for turning on said switch 21 is provided at a predetermined position. Furthermore there are integrally formed shafts 501c, 501d, 501e, 501f for supporting rack rollers and gears to be explained later and a shaft 501h with a shoulder 501g for supporting a control lever to be explained later. There are furthermore provided a groove 501i for supporting a bevel gear and a groove 501j for supporting a flexible cable. A stepping motor 502 with a shaft 502a having a motor pinion gear 503 is mounted on said carrier base 501.

A center gear 504 is composed of an integral structure of a large gear 504a meshing with said motor pinion 503, a small gear 504b provided thereunder, a bevel gear 504c and a ribbon driving gear 504d positioned at the top. Also provided are a spring clutch boss 504e and a head cam boss 504f. The center gear 504 is supported, at a bottom hole, by the shaft 501f of the carrier base 501, and is also rotatably supported at the base portion of the ribbon driving gear 504d by a hole provided in a carrier cover to be explained later. An idler gear 505 is rotatably supported by the shaft 501e and meshes with the small gear 504b of the center gear 504. A carrier pinion gear 506 with pinion teeth 506a is located along the entire periphery in the lower part, with a single synchronization tooth 506c at the upper part and a guide ring 506e at the center. The guide ring 506e is provided with a notch 506f corresponding to the synchronization tooth 506c, but is otherwise equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of said pinion teeth 506a. In the vertical direction, the pinion teeth 506a are so positioned as to mesh with the rack teeth 2a, while the synchronization teeth 506b, 506c, 506d are so positioned as to engage with the aforementioned start tooth 2c. The guide ring 506e is so positioned as not to engage with the rack teeth 2a nor with the start tooth 2c, and is so assembled that the notch 506f is synchronized with the stop tooth 2b. The carrier pinion 506a is rotatably supported on the shaft 501d of the carrier base 501.

In the following there will be explained a bevel gear unit 55. A bevel gear member 507 is provided with a bevel gear 507a meshing with the bevel gear 504c of the above-mentioned center gear 504, a bevel gear shaft 507b having a key groove 507c, and an end shaft portion 507d for fitting a stop ring as will be explained later. A ratchet plate 508 having four arms with respective claws 508a is made of an elastic plastic plate such as polyacetal resin plate, and is provided internally with an unrepresented projection engaging with the key groove 507c of said bevel gear 507b, thus being axially slidably mounted on said bevel gear shaft 507b. A ratchet gear 509 is composed of a gear portion 509a and a ratchet portion 509b, having plural ratchet teeth 509c in a circular pattern on a face thereof. A compression ratchet spring 510 is provided for biasing said ratchet plate 508 and ratchet gear 509. A stop ring 511 is fitted on the end shaft portion 507d of said bevel gear shaft 507b for maintaining the ratchet plate 508 and ratchet gear 509 in place against the pressure of the ratchet spring 510. Said stop ring 511 is so designed to fit in the guide hole 103a of said base member 1, with a suitable clearance. The rotary force of said center gear 504 is transmitted from the bevel gear 504c to the bevel gear 507a of the bevel gear member 507, then to the ratchet plate 508 through the key groove 507c, and to the ratchet gear 509 through the meshing of the claws 508a and the ratchet teeth 509c. Said claws 508a and ratchet teeth 509 are sawtooth-shaped to transmit the rotary force in one direction, but the rotation is not transmitted in the opposite direction by the elasticity of the arms of the ratchet plate 508 and by the presence of the ratchet spring 510. A control cam 512 is provided with a groove 512a for engaging with an end of a clutch spring to be explained later, and is provided with two engaging portions, at predetermined angular positions A, B, each having an engaging face 512b for engaging with a control lever, a trigger face 512c and an inclined face 512d (see, for example, FIG. 5A). Said control cam 512 is rotatably fitted on the spring clutch boss 504e of said center gear 504. A control lever 513, having a rotary hole 513a, a spring support portion 513b and a claw 513c, and is rotatably fitted on the shaft 501h of the carrier base 501. A control lever spring 514, composed of a compression torsion spring, biases said control lever 513 toward the control cam 512 and toward the shoulder 510g of the carrier base. A clutch spring 515 is inserted, at an end 515a thereof in the groove 512a of said control cam 512, and engages at the other end 515b with a pin of a head cam to be explained later. The clutch spring 515 is fitted on the spring clutch boss 504c of the center gear 504. A head cam 516 is provided, at the uppermost part thereof, with a switching cam 517 for actuating a switch lever to be explained later. Said switching cam 517 is composed of an inclined cam 517a, a switch groove 517b and a cam face 517c. Under said switching cam 517 there is provided a ribbon feeding cam 518 provided partially with a notched cam 518a and a stop cam 518c. Thereunder provided is a printing cam 519 of which a pressing portion with a larger radius presses a head roller to be explained later, thereby biasing the printing head toward the platen. The head cam 516 is rotatably fitted on the head cam boss 504f of the center gear 504 (for details see FIG. 5B).

A head holder 60 has a vertical rotary shaft 60a, rotatably supported by the shaft 501k of the carrier base 501 and by a shaft (now shown) of a carrier cover 70 to be explained later. There are also shown a spring shaft 60b; a cam roller holder 60c consisting of upper and lower holding plates, having elongated holes 60d in the vertical direction for guiding a cam roller to be explained later; spring holder pins 60e, 60f; and a head spring 61 of which coil portion is supported by said spring shaft 60b, and end portions thereof are respectively held by the spring holder pin 60f and the groove of a cam roller 62. The cam roller 62 is provided with an external periphery portion 62a, guide shafts 62b, 62c extended upwards and downwards to be inserted in the hole 60d of said head holder 60, and a groove 62d for receiving an end of said head spring 61. The cam roller 62 is pressed by the head cam 516, whereby a printing head 63, to be explained later, is pressed to the platen 7 by the resilient force of the head spring 61. The printing head is mounted on said head holder 60. A flexible cable from the printing head 63 is guided in the carrier 50, connected with the terminals of the aforementioned stepping motor 502, and is further guided out of the carrier 50 through a groove 501j of the carrier guide 501, but is omitted in the drawing for the purpose of simplicity.

A head return spring 64 has a coil portion supported by the rotary shaft 60a of the head holder 60, and end portions respectively supported by the spring holder pin 60eand the carrier base 501.

A carrier cover 70, constituting a cassette loading portion for detachably loading a ribbon cassette 80, is provided with guide pins 70a, 70b, 70c for guiding the ribbon cassette 80, and a finger 70d for pressing the ribbon cassette 80 against the guide pins and maintaining said cassette in place There are also provided an index 70e and a shaft for supporting a switch lever to be explained later. In the present embodiment, the cassette loading portion 70 can accept a self-correction ink ribbon cassette 80a, a two-color ink ribbon cassette 80b or an ordinary monocolor ink ribbon cassette 80c.

A switch lever 71, rotatably supported by said shaft 70f, is provided with a pressing pin 71aat an end, and, at the other end, with a slide shaft 71b and a rotation limiting pin 71c.

A switching slider 72 is slidably supported by the slide shaft 71b of said switch lever 71, but is limited in rotation by the engagement of a U-shaped groove 72a with said rotation limiting pin 71c. The switching slider 72 is constantly biased downwards by a switching slider spring 73. A switch lever spring 74 is provided between the switch lever 71 and the carrier cover 70 as shown in FIG. 4 to constantly bias the switch lever 71 counterclockwise, as indicated by an arrow B. In FIG. 4, a ribbon idler gear 75 meshes with a ribbon driving gear 504d of said center gear 504 and is supported by the shaft of a ribbon lever to be explained later, so that it can be disengaged from said ribbon driving gear by the rotation of the ribbon lever. A ribbon lever 76 rotatably supported by the carrier cover 70 is provided with a shaft 76a supporting said ribbon idler gear 75, and an approximately square U-shaped ribbon lever arm 76b maintained in contact with the external periphery of a ribbon feed cam 518 of said head cam 516. A ribbon lever spring 77 biases said ribbon lever 76 clockwise.

A friction clutch shaft 78 is pressed into the carrier cover 70. A friction clutch 79 (shown in FIG. 3) meshes, by a represented lower gear portion thereof, with the ribbon idler gear 75, thereby transmitting the driving power to a winding spool 79a with a predetermined friction. Since the center of rotation of said ribbon lever 76 coincides with that of the friction clutch 79, it remains meshed with the gear regardless of the rotation of the ribbon idler gear 75.

A ribbon cassette 80 has a lower part 801 and a cover part 802. The internal structure of the ribbon cassette 80 is shown in FIGS. 8 and 9. An ink ribbon R is unwound from a ribbon roll 803 as indicated by arrows, passes in front of the printing head 63, further guided through a delay roller 804, a delay lever 805 and a guide roller 806, and is wound on a winding core 810. Said winding core 810 engages with the winding spool 79a on the carrier 50, thus receiving the rotating force of said spool. The delay lever 805 is composed of a material having a bend resistance such as polypropylene, and is provided with a bent portion 805a which is made very thin so as to be bent with a small force. A delay lever return spring 807 constantly maintains the delay lever 805 in a retracted state. A delay spring 808, positioned between a slider 809 and the delay lever 805, pushes the delay lever 805 toward the platen when the slider 809 is pushed, whereby the delay roller 804 is pressed against the platen 7. In a portion of the delay lever 805 in front of the bent portion 805a there is provided an unrepresented pin to be guided by an inclined slit L provided in the lower part 801 and the cover part 802 of the ribbon cassette. Therefore, when pressed to said platen 7, the delay roller 804 advances diagonally along the slit L and touches the platen at a position distant from the printing head 63 (see FIG. 9). Said ribbon cassette may have different forms according to the ink ribbon contained therein, or may have the same form if the space of the ink ribbon is suitably marked. In short, the ribbon cassette may have an arbitrary form as long as it can be guided by the guide pins 70a, 70b, 70c and can be fixed to the carrier cover 70 by the finger 70d.

FIG. 13 is a block diagram of an output unit in the case when the printer of the present embodiment is employed in an electronic typewriter, and the function of said printer is controlled by said output unit. The aforementioned motor 502 and thermal printing head 63 are connected through a flexible cable 22 to a thermal head driver THD and a motor driver MD. Also the switch 21 is connected to a sensor unit SU.

In FIG. 13 there are provided a power switch 1014, a keyboard 1015, and a liquid crystal display unit 1070. In the present embodiment said keyboard 1015 is provided with a correction button (not shown) and a color selection button (not shown). Thus, when a self correction ribbon cassette (capable of printing and correction with the same ribbon) is loaded on the carrier 50, the actuation of the correction ribbon causes the delay roller 804 to protrude, thereby correcting the recording by lift-off or cover-up process. Also when there is employed an ink ribbon cassette utilizing an ink ribbon capable of printing plural colors, as proposed by the present applicant in Japanese Patent Application Nos. 260403/1984 and 298831/1985, the actuation of the color selection button causes the delay roller 804 to protrude or retract, thereby printing another color, for example blue, different from the basic color, for example black.

In the following there will be given further explanation of FIG. 13.

It is to be noted that FIG. 13 only shows the principal connections of different circuit blocks and the detailed control lines are omitted for simplicity. The broken-lined area indicates a central processing unit CPU.

The central processing unit CPU reads various programs and data from ROM etc. and executes various processings, judgements and controls. There may be employed plural CPU's if necessary. A read-only memory ROM stores various programs for the CPU, character codes and dot patterns (character generator) and other data necessary for printing. A read-write memory TRAM is provided with a working area for temporarily storing the data under processing and the results of processing; a buffer area for storing data entered from the keyboard 1015 and an external interface IFU to be explained later; a text area for storing texts etc., and is backed up by a battery for storing data even when the power supply is cut off.

The CPU is also connected to the printer unit PU through the thermal head driver THD, motor driver MD and sensor unit SU.

The thermal head driver THD drives the thermal printing head 63 in said printer unit PU under the control of the CPU, and the motor driver MD drives the motor 502 under the control of the CPU.

The sensor unit SU transmits the information from an unrepresented limit sensor in the printer unit PU to the CPU.

A power supply unit PSU supplies power VH for heating the thermal printing head 63, power VM for driving the motor 502 and power Vcc for other logic circuits.

A controller GA executes various controls under the control of the CPU, for example varying the voltage and current of the power supply VH for said thermal printing head 63, and regulating the heating time and duty ratio of the thermal printing head 63.

The CPU is also connected to a keyboard 1015, through a keyboard connector KBC, for entering various data necessary for printing and editing.

The CPU is further connected to a liquid crystal display unit 1070, through LCD connector LCDC, for displaying data entered from the keyboard 1015 and other information.

Said liquid crystal display unit 1070 may be replaced by another display unit such as a cathode ray tube.

Furthermore the CPU can be connected, through an interface connector IFC, to an interface, such as RS232C, Centrointerface or modem, for control by an external control unit or for communication with external equipment.

Furthermore the CPU can be connected, through a cartridge connector CAC, to a ROM cartridge for special functions or for printing with a different font, or a RAM cartridge for expanding the data storage memory.

Furthermore there may be provided an acoustic output device such as a buzzer, though not illustrated in FIG. 13.

In the following there will be explained the function of the printer unit controlled by the above-explained output unit.

At first there will be explained up-down motion of the printing head. Rotation of the motor 502 in the normal direction by a signal from the CPU causes the motor pinion 503 to rotate in a direction A and the center gear 504, meshing with said motor pinion 503, in a direction B. In this state the clutch spring 515 wound on the spring clutch boss 504e of said center gear 504 rotates at the same time, and the control cam 512 rotates simultaneously as it is connected to an end 515a of the clutch spring 515. The claw 513c of the control lever 513 slides on the inclined face 512d of the control cam 512 and engages with the engaging face 512b, thus stopping the rotation of the control cam 512. In response the end 515a of the spring 515 is stopped to loosen said clutch spring 515, whereby said spring 515 no longer rotates integrally with the center gear 504 but is stopped.

In this state the center gear 504 continues to rotate. The control cam 512 engages with the control lever 513 at a position A shown in FIG. 11A, and the head cam 519 assumes a position shown in FIG. 11A wherein a pressing portion 519a presses the cam roller to press the printing head 63 against the platen.

In this state the ribbon arm 76b of the ribbon lever 76 is received by the notch (notched cam 518a, 518b) of the ribbon feed cam 518, and the ribbon idler gear 75 meshes with the ribbon driving gear 504d of the center gear 504. Consequently the rotation of said ribbon driving gear 504d is transmitted, through the ribbon idler gear 75, to the friction clutch 74.

Since the center gear 504 continues to rotate as explained above, the carrier 50 continues to move along the rack 2, by the power transmission through the smaller gear 504b, idler gear 505 and carrier pinion 506.

For a head-up motion (a rotation of the thermal printing head 63 in a direction away from the platen 7), the motor 502 is rotated inversely by a predetermined number of pulses in response to a signal from the CPU, whereby the center gear rotates in a direction opposite to B, and the control cam 512 rotates simultaneously by the loosening torque of the clutch spring 515. In this state the claw 513c of the control lever 513 is expelled to the outside by the trigger face 512c of the control cam 512. Then, when the motor 502 is again rotated in the forward direction after said inverse rotation by a predetermined number of pulses, the expelled control lever 513 cannot engage with the engaging face 512b of the position A, so that the control cam 512 can rotate in the forward direction to a next engaging position B. FIG. 11B shows this state, whereby the head cam 519 no longer presses the cam roller 62, so that the thermal printing head 63 is separated from the platen 7. Since the ribbon arm of the ribbon lever 76 is in contact with the external periphery of the ribbon feed cam 518, the ribbon idler gear 75 is separated from the ribbon driving gear 504d, so that the friction clutch does not rotate and the ribbon R is not advanced.

As explained in the foregoing, the inverse rotation of the motor 502 disengages the control lever 513 from the control cam 512, whereby the printing head 63 is shifted down toward the platen 7 and up away from the platen 7. In the present embodiment the gear train system has a backlash exceeding the amount of trigger rotation in order to prevent inverse motion of the carrier 50 at said trigger rotation, since a reverse motion of the carrier 50 by the trigger motion at the head-up motion will result in a slack or a smear in the ribbon R or an increase in the motor load. Also in the present embodiment, the carrier 50 is stopped once when the thermal printing head 63 is separated from the platen 7.

In the following there will be given an explanation on the function of the switch lever 71, while making reference to FIGS. 11A and 11B.

In the normal head-down motion, as explained before, the control cam 512 rotates to the position A by a trigger action at the position B. In this state the switch lever 71 does not rotate since the head cam 516 stops when the switch slider 72, slidably connected to an end of the switch lever 71, passes through the inclined face 517a of the switch cam 517 positioned at the top of said head cam 516, further passes through the upper face of the switch groove 517b and becomes positioned on the cam face 517c (FIG. 23A).

In order to rotate the switch lever 71, the motor 502 is inversely rotated (second trigger action) when the switch slider is positioned on the switch groove 517b of the aforementioned switch cam 517 as shown in FIG. 23B, whereby the switch lever 71 is expelled radially outwards as the switch groove 517b and the claw 72d of the switch slider 72 mutually engage. Consequently the switch lever 71 rotates in a direction A shown in FIG. 23C. In this state, the switch slider 72, being biased downwards by the switch lever spring 73, is maintained in contact with the cam face 517c. Thus the head-down motion is completed in the course of rotation of the switch cam when the switch slider 72 becomes positioned at the maximum radius portion, so that the switch lever 71 rotates in a direction A, and the pressure pin 71a moves toward the platen 7 (see, for example, FIG. 23D). In the case of a ribbon cassette with the delay lever 805 (utilizing a two-color ribbon or a self-correction ribbon), said pressure pin 71a presses the delay lever 805 toward the platen 7 so that the delay roller 804 is brought into contact with the platen 7 (see, for example, FIG. 9).

In the head-up motion the motor 502 is inversely rotated to rotate the head cam 516. Thus the switch slider is disengaged from the maximum radius portion of the switch cam 517, so that the switch lever 71 rotates in a direction B shown in FIG. 4, and the delay lever 805 is freed from said pressure pin 71a and returns to the initial position.

Thus the present embodiment can improve the recording speed as the delay lever 805 can be advanced or retracted regardless of the position of the carrier 50 in the recording area.

As explained in the foregoing, the up-down motions of the head, ribbon winding, advancement and retraction of the switch lever are conducted in the course of movement of the carrier 50, and, in the present embodiment all these operations are controlled by a predetermined amount of inverse rotation of the motor 502.

In the following there will be explained the paper feeding operation.

The rotation of the motor 502 on the carrier 50 is transmitted to the bevel gear 507 so that said gear is constantly rotated in synchronization with said motor 502.

When the motor 502 is inversely rotated by a signal from the CPU, the carrier 50 moves toward the home position (at left in the drawing) while rotating the bevel gear in a direction C. In this operation at first the ratchet gear 509a meshes with the shutter gear 16 thereby rotating said shutter gear in a direction D. In this state the ratchet gear 509a is in contact with the tooth faces 16e of the shutter gear 16, and the meshing becomes deeper in the direction of thickness with the movement of the carrier 50, until if reaches the abutting face 16f. Since the shutter gear 16 is frictionally braked by the friction spring 17, the teeth of the ratchet gear 509 are in constant contact with the tooth faces 16e of the shutter gear. As the carrier 50 moves further, the ratchet spring 510 is so that the ratchet gear 509 and the ratchet plate 508 move on the bevel gear shaft 507b of the bevel gear 507, but the rotating force is transmitted by the key groove 507c (FIG. 12A'). On the other hand, the carrier pinion 506 is disengaged from the stop tooth 2b of the rack 2, and the guide ring 506e rotates in contact with said stop tooth 2b (FIG. 12A). Immediately before the carrier pinion 506 is disengaged from the stop tooth 2b, the contacts 21a, 21b of the switch 21 are pressed by the projection 501b of the carrier 50 to close said switch. Therefore the arrival of the carrier 50 at a predetermined position can be detected by the closing of said switch 21. In response to the closing of said switch 21, the motor 502 is inversely rotated by a predetermined amount, whereby the carrier 50 is stopped when the carrier pinion 506 is disengaged from the stop tooth 2b. However the carrier pinion 506 can rotate further Then the carrier pinion 506 is stopped at a predetermined position, and the motor is rotated forward to rotate the carrier pinion 506 in a direction E (FIG. 12B). The motor is stopped before the stop tooth 2b engages with the notch 506f (FIG. 12B). In this operation, the ratchet gear 509, rotating in a direction F, slides on the abutting face 16f of the shutter gear 16, then passes between the feed gear teeth 16a and meshes with the teeth of the paper feed gear 15 (FIG. 12B'). In this operation, the ratchet plate 508 also moves, following the ratchet gear 509. As the meshing between the paper feed gear 15 and the ratchet gear 509 increases the load of the latter, the claws 508a-508d of the ratchet plate 508 are disengaged from the ratchet teeth 509c of the ratchet gear 509, thus releasing the rotating force of the motor 502. The ratchet plate 508 releases the force in the direction F but transmits the force in the direction C. Thus, by inversely rotating the motor 502 in response to a signal from the CPU while the ratchet gear 509 meshes with the paper feed gear 15, the rotating force is transmitted through the paper feed gear 15, pressure gear 18 and paper feed roller gear 11 to rotate the paper feed roller 4, thereby advancing the printing sheet S by the friction between said sheet and the paper feed rubber roller 5. After the feeding of the sheet S by a predetermined amount, the motor 502 is rotated in the forward direction by a signal from the CPU, whereby the ratchet 508 is disengaged so that the paper feed gear 15 no longer receives the rotating force of the motor 502. Consequently the paper feed roller does not rotate inversely, and the carrier pinion 506 rotates in a direction G. Thus, after the start tooth 2c of the rack 2 comes into contact with the synchronization tooth 506b, the rack teeth 2ameshes with the pinion teeth 506a to start the motion of the carrier 50 toward the right (FIG. 12C). With said motion of the carrier 50, the paper feed gear 15 and the shutter gear 16 are disengaged from the ratchet gear 509, and, in said disengagement, the ratchet 508 is in action to release the rotating force. As the stop ring 511 pressed in the bevel gear 507 is fitted in the guide hole 103a of the left side plate 103, it is rendered possible to maintain an exact distance between the paper feed gear and the ratchet gear 509 during their mutual meshing. In the present embodiment the amount of paper feed at a time is limited by a rotation of the carrier pinion 506. Thus a larger amount of paper feed can be achieved, without the motion of the carrier 50, by alternating the inverse and forward rotations of the motor 502, thus consecutively effecting paper feeds. In such repeated inverse and forward rotations of the motor 502, there is generated a backlash in the transmission system from the motor pinion 503 to the paper feed gear 15. In order to compensate such backlash, the paper feeding at the inverse rotation of the motor is conducted by a number of pulses larger by a predetermined number than that calculated from the gear ratio. Said backlash compensation is always conducted before each paper feeding by the inverse rotation of the motor 502.

As explained in the foregoing, the present embodiment allows utilization of the driving force of the motor 502 also for feeding the printing sheet S, and can therefore provide more compact and lighter equipment.

The pressure gear 18 is constantly pressed, by the pressure spring 20, to the paper feed gear 15 and the paper feed roller 11, thus preventing the backlash. Also the pressure gear 18 is positioned in a direction to be biased by the pressure spring pulled by the paper feed gear 15 in the high-load paper feeding operation, so that the pressure spring 20 can be of a weak spring force and the increase in the load of the motor 502 is limited.

In the following there will be explained the initializing operation of the printer at the start of power supply.

FIG. 14 is a timing chart of said operation.

At first, if the switch 21 is turned off, the motor 502 of the carrier 50 is inversely rotated to return the carrier 50 to the home position If the printing head 63 is in the down position, said inverse rotation of the motor 502 causes an inverse rotation of the head cam 516 whereby the printing head 63 is separated from the platen 7. When the stop cam 518c of the ribbon feed cam 518 comes into contact with the ribbon lever arm 76b of the ribbon lever 76, the clutch spring 515 is released to terminate the rotation of the head cam 516. In this state the center gear 504 and the carrier 50 continue to move.

When the projection 501b of the carrier 50 presses the contact 21a, the switch 21 is closed to stop the carrier 50 after a predetermined speed slowdown. Then the carrier 50 is moved in the forward direction and is stopped with the index at the first digit position by rotating the motor 502 with a predetermined number of pulses after the detection of the opening of the switch 21. In the meantime the printing head 63 is shifted down and up, thus taking up the slack in the ribbon R. On the other hand, if the switch 21 is closed when the power supply is started, the carrier 50 is moved to the right to the first digit position, with the above-mentioned slack take-up operation after the detection of opening of the switch 21. In this case, therefore, the procedure starts from a point (A) in FIG. 14.

In the following there will be explained the printing operation, of which timing chart is shown in FIG. 15.

When the power switch 1014 is turned on, there is executed the above-explained initializing procedure for the printer, and the carrier 50 stops at the first digit position. The printing operation is started by entering characters or symbols from the keyboard 1015 (FIG. 13), followed by the actuation of a return key. At first the motor 502 is inversely rotated to return the carrier 50 by a predetermined amount (a). Then the carrier 50 is moved to the right by a predetermined amount (b) to cause the control lever 513 to engage with the control cam 512 at the position B, and there is started the inverse rotation (trigger motion) of the motor 502 (c), thus lowering the printing head 63. During the returning motion of the carrier 50, the relation of the control lever 13 and the control cam 512 is defined by the contact of the stop cam 518c of the ribbon feed cam 518 and the ribbon arm 76b as explained before, so that, as shown in FIG. 16A, the claw 513c stands by immediately in front of the inclined face 512d of the control cam 512. Then a forward rotation in a stage b brings the control cam 512 in contact with the control lever 513, thus enabling a trigger motion (FIG. 16B). Then a reverse rotation of the motor 502 in a stage c effects a head-down motion (d). More specifically, the head-down motion is completed at d.sub.1, then a preliminary running is effected at d.sub.2, and a printing operation is conducted at d.sub.3 by a voltage supply to the printing head. Then a follow-up running after printing is done at d.sub.4 to complete the printing operation.

The cams of the head cam 516 are so designed that the head-down motion is conducted slowly with sufficient time that the friction clutch starts to rotate after the printing head 63 has come into contact with the platen 7 and the supply of the ribbon R has started, in order to prevent smear at the initial part of the printing.

Then the motor 502 is reversed (trigger B) at a stage e to shift up the printing head at f. In this operation the winding of the ribbon R is stopped after the shift-up motion of the printing head 63, so that the ribbon R pulled out in the shifted down state of the printing head can be taken up to prevent slack in the tape. The smear at the rear end of printing can also be prevented since the printing head is shifted up instantaneously.

After the head-up motion, the carrier 50 is moved to the left (stage g.sub.1), and the motor is further rotated by a predetermined amount (stage g.sub.2) after the detection of closing of the switch 21. In this state the carrier 50 is already stopped as explained before. Then a forward rotation H disengages the paper feed gear 15 from the shutter gear 16 and causes said paper feed gear 15 to engage with the ratchet gear 509. Then a reverse rotation i of the motor 502 rotates the paper feed gear 15 and the paper feed roller gear 11, thus advancing the printing sheet by a predetermined amount. After said paper feeding operation, the motor 502 is rotated in the forward direction in a stage j, whereby, after rotation of a predetermined amount, the carrier pinion 506 meshes with the rack teeth 2a to move the carrier 50 to right, to the first digit position. The ordinary printing operation is conducted in this manner.

In the following there will be explained a printing operation with a first layer of the aforementioned self-correction ribbon or of a so-called two-color ribbon disclosed in the Japanese Patent Applications 260403/1984 or 29883/1985 of the present applicant, wherein a first layer and a second layer are mutually overlaid. In this case the ribbon mode is selected by the keyboard 1015, but it may also be selected by an exclusive selector switch, or by a detecting hole provided on the ribbon cassette and cooperating with a contact provided on the carrier. For the printing operation with the first layer, for example in black color, of the self-correction ribbon or the two-color ribbon, the ribbon R has to be separated from the sheet S with a steep angle after the heating with the printing head 63. In consideration of the eventual fluctuation in the timing of winding of the ribbon R, the slack in the ribbon R pulled out by the printing head 63 is taken up with increased running d.sub.2 after the head-down motion. FIG. 17 shows a timing chart of the motor 502 in this case. It is different from the timing chart shown in FIG. 15 only in the carrier return stage a' and the head-down state d2'.

FIGS. 19A and 19B illustrate the printing operation in this state.

In these drawings there are shown a substrate 900 of the ink ribbon R; multiple ink layers 901; a heating portion 63a of the printing head 63; and a recorded image B1.

Now reference is made to a timing chart shown in FIG. 18 for explaining the correction operation with a self-correction ribbon.

At first the erasure key of the keyboard 1015 is actuated to reverse the motor 502 (stage a) thereby returning the carrier 50. Then the control lever 513 is set in a stage b, and the motor 502 is reversed in a stage c (trigger A) to initiate the head-down motion. As the switch slider 72 reaches the position of the switch groove 517b of the head cam 516 in a stage d.sub.0, the motor 502 is reversed in a stage c' (trigger C) for rotating the switch lever 71. Since the amount of said reverse rotation c' of the motor 502 is larger than that of the reverse rotation c or e (trigger A/B) in the head-up or head-down motion, the carrier 50 is slightly moved in the opposite direction, but such movement does not unfavorably affect the printing operation as the printing head 63 is not yet pressed to the platen 7. Said reverse rotation of the motor 502 (trigger C) causes a slight rotation of the switch lever 71, whereby the switch slider 72 falls on the switch cam face 517c to complete the setting.

Then, by the forward rotation of the motor 502 in a stage d.sub.1, the printing head 63 continues to be shifted down and is pressed to the platen 7. At the same time the switch lever 71 and the pressure pin 71a are also rotated to press the slider 809 of the ribbon cassette 80, thereby pressing the delay roller 804 by means of the delay lever 806 to the platen 7 (see, for example, FIG. 20A).

Then the heating portion 63a of the printing head 63 is activated in the printing position B1 to half melt the ink, and the printing portion B1 is peeled off from the sheet S in a stage d.sub.3 (see, for example, FIG. 20B). The run d.sub.4 is longer than in the printing operation with the self-correction ribbon, since it has to be continued until the delay roller 804 passes through the printing portion B1.

Subsequently the motor 502 is reversed in a stage e (trigger B) to elevate the printing head 63 in a stage f. Simultaneously the switch lever 71 is reset, thereby releasing the delay roller 804 from the platen 7. The above-explained correction operation is conducted only once, but it may be repeated once more in consideration of the smoothness of space of the sheet S.

In the case of a printing operation with the ink, for example blue, of the second layer of the aforementioned two-color ribbon, the delay lever 804 is advanced to delay the peeling of the ribbon R from the sheet S after the printing operation as in the erasing operation with the self-correction ribbon, and can be conducted with same timing as in the erasing operation. More specifically, the reverse rotation of the motor 502 at the head-down motion is conducted in stage c (trigger A) and c' (trigger C) to press the delay roller 804 to the platen 7, thereby delaying the timing of peeling of the ribbon R from the sheet S.

As explained in the foregoing, the present embodiment achieves the up-down motions of the printing head and the reciprocating motion of the carrier supporting said printing head by means of a common motor, thereby providing a compact, light and inexpensive printer.

In the following there will be explained the control of the output unit by a program stored in the aforementioned ROM. FIG. 24 shows a flow chart of the control of the delay lever of the ribbon cassette. As explained in the foregoing, said output unit is equipped with a thermal printer capable of printing in two colors, can be loaded, on the carrier 50, with a single-color ribbon, a two-color ribbon capable of printing two colors with the same ribbon, or a self-correction ribbon, and is further capable of selecting the printing color in the case of the two-color ribbon.

In the present embodiment, the color information can be a ribbon identification signal or a color selection signal entered from the keyboard.

After the start of power supply in a step S1, a step S2 executes an initialization process such as a head-up motion. Then a step S3 investigates the presence of a key input. Said step is repeated in the absence of a key input. On the other hand, in the presence of a key input, a step S4 discriminates the loaded ribbon, and, if it is not a correctable ribbon CR, the sequence proceeds to a step S10. If it is a correctable ribbon, a step S5 identifies the key input in the step S3, and, if it is the erasure key, the sequence proceeds to a step S6. If not, a step S9 executes a head-down motion, then a step S14 executes a printing operation and the sequence returns to the step S3 for again awaiting the key input.

On the other hand, if the step S5 identifies that the key input is the erasure key, the step S6 executes a head-down motion, then a step S7 advances the delay lever, and a step S8 executes the erasing operation. Subsequently the sequence returns to the step S3 to await the key input.

When the step S4 identifies that the loaded ribbon is not a correctable ribbon, the sequence proceeds to a step S10 to discriminate whether the loaded ribbon is a dual color ribbon DR, and, if not, the sequence proceeds to a step S9. If it is a dual color ribbon, a step S11 discriminates whether a color printing is selected. The sequence proceeds to a step S9 for blue printing if the color printing is selected, or to a step S12 for black printing if the color printing is not selected. The step S12 shifts down the printing head 63, then a step S13 advances the delay lever 806, and a step S14 executes a printing operation. Subsequently the sequence returns to the step S3 to again await the key input.

As explained in the foregoing, the present embodiment achieves recording and correction with a self-correction ribbon, or blue recording and black recording with a dual color ribbon.

Now reference is made to FIGS. 8, 9, 25, 26A, 26B and 26C for explaining the detailed structure of the ink ribbon cassette, which may be loaded with a self-correction ribbon or a two-color ribbon as explained before.

Then reference will be made to FIGS. 11A, 11B, 12A, 12A', 12B, 12B' and 12C for explaining the function of said ink ribbon cassette.

The aforementioned ink ribbon cassette 80 incorporates the ink ribbon R in a case c composed of a lower case 801 and an upper case 802, and is detachably mounted on the carrier cover 70.

The ink ribbon R is wound on a core 803 fitted on a projection 801a of the lower case 801. Said ink ribbon R travels along rollers a, b, c respectively rotatably mounted on a projection 801b of the lower case 801, an ink ribbon detection window 801c and a projection 801d of the lower case, then is exposed to the outside of the case c at an aperture 801c of the lower case, then guided by the delay roller 804, again enters the case c through an aperture 801(and wound on a take-up hub 810.

When said cassette 80 is loaded on a predetermined position of the carrier cover 70, said aperture 801e of the cassette is positioned opposite to the printing head 63 of the printer, whereby the ink ribbon R exposed to the outside of the cassette case c can be heated by the printing head 63 for generating heat according to the information to be recorded. The ink ribbon R is biased toward the roller a by means of a spring 200 provided on the lower case 801. Said spring 200 is provided with a piece of felt 200a, in order to avoid damage on the ink ribbon R by contact.

A tension spring 201 biases the ink ribbon R in a direction J, thus taking up the slack thereof. Said tension spring 201 is provided on the lower case 801 and resiliently presses the ink ribbon R at the upstream side of the rollers b, c with respect to the advancing direction of said ribbon R. The elastic force of said tension spring can therefore rapidly absorb the eventual slack in the ribbon R when the path thereof is changed by a movement of the delay roller 804 caused by the movement of the delay lever 805, so that the ribbon R will not be left in a slack state. Said tension spring 201 is also provided with a piece of felt 201a on a face contacting the ink ribbon R, in order to prevent damage thereon. Said felt may however be replaced by a suitable coating provided on the surface of the tension spring 201.

The delay lever 805 is provided slidably, as indicated by arrows C1, C2, along a lateral end 80a of the cassette 80, having the aperture 801e, and is rendered slidable, guided by an end portion 802a of the upper case 802 and an end portion 801a of the lower case 801. At the front end of said lever 805, the delay roller 804 is rotatably mounted on a shaft 804a. Said lever 805 is further provided with an upper aperture 805a and a lower aperture 805b. A projection 801f of the lower case is fitted in said upper aperture 805a, and a return spring 807 is provided along a guide rod 805c and between said projection 801f and the lever 805. Consequently the lever 805 is biased downwards, in a direction C2, by the resilient force of said spring 807. In said lower aperture 805b there is provided the slider 809, which is rendered slidable along a guide 805d and with respect to the lever 805. A spring 808 is provided along a guide rod 805e fixed to the lever 805, and between said lever 805 and slider 809 to bias the slider 809 downwards, in a direction C2, so that the slider 809 is stopped by a stopper portion 805g of the guide 805d.

Said delay lever 805 is provided with an upper guide 805j and an unrepresented lower guide pin, respectively guided by a delay lever upper guide 805h (slits L) provided on the upper case 802 and a delay lever lower guide 805k provided on the lower case 801. Said delay lever 805 is further provided with a hinge portion 805i of a reduced thickness, so that said delay lever can freely bend about said hinge portion. The delay lever 805 is composed of a resin material with a relatively high bending resistance such as polypropylene, polyethylene or polyacetal. Consequently the delay lever bends at said hinge portion 805i and can move diagonally upwards along the guides 805h, 805k beyond said hinge portion 805i. The upper and lower guides 805h, 805k are positioned in an inclined manner.

In the present embodiment, when the switch lever 71 of the printer rotates clockwise thereby engaging with the slider 809 of the pressure pin 71a and pushing up the slider 809, the lever 805 is pressed in a direction C1 toward the platen 7, against the biasing force of the return spring 807. Thus the lever 805 is bent about the hinge 805i and protrudes diagonally upwards along the slits L. After the lever 805 is brought into contact with the platen 7 across the ink ribbon R and the printing sheet S, the slider 809 is pressed toward the platen 7 against the biasing force of the spring 808, and the lever 805 remains pressed to the platen 7 by the biasing force of the spring 808.

Consequently, after the heating, the ink ribbon R is not separated from the printing sheet S until the position of the delay roller 804, and is peeled off from the sheet S after passing the delay roller 804.

In the present embodiment, as explained in the foregoing, the delay roller 804 is lightly pressed to the platen 7 by the elastic force of the spring 808, and the resulting stable contact force prevents smear in the recording caused by offsetting, or an error in the feeding of ink ribbon such as wrinkles or diagonal movement.

On the other hand, when the switch lever 71 of the printer rotates counterclockwise to retract the pressure pin 71a, the slider 809 is not pushed up but remains retracted by the biasing force of the return spring 807. Consequently the delay roller 804 remains separated from the platen 7, and the ink ribbon R is separated from the printing sheet S soon after passing the end of the thermal printing head 63. In the thermal printing head 63 of the present embodiment, the distance from the heating portion 63a to the peeling position of ink ribbon is approximately 250 .mu. which is shorter than in an ordinary thermal head. The printing of the second color with a two-color ink ribbon and the printing with a self-correction ribbon can be achieved by peeling the ink ribbon with a peeling angle of about 40.degree. to 60.degree..

FIGS. 26A, 26B and 26C are magnified perspective views of the delay lever.

FIG. 26A shows the delay lever of the foregoing embodiment while FIGS. 26B and 26C show other embodiments. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 26B, the delay lever 805 is divided into a front portion A and a rear portion B mutually rotatably connected by a delay lever shaft 805m instead of the aforementioned hinge portion. Also this structure allows movement of the guide pin 805j along the slits L, so that the delay lever can proturude in the diagonal direction. FIG. 26C shows another embodiment in which the delay lever 805 is formed as a curved member, whereby said delay lever can protrude in a diagonal direction without the slits L.

As explained in the foregoing, these embodiments allow the delay lever to protrude in the diagonal direction, so that the distance for ink ribbon peeling can be increased within a limited space and the ink transfer speed can be increased.

As explained in detail in the foregoing, these embodiments are provided with pressure member driving means for displacing the pressure member between an action position in pressure contact and a retracted position at an arbitrary point of the recording process, thereby enabling rapid displacement of the pressure member in any position in the recording area, thus increasing the recording speed.

As explained above, the present invention obtains a compactized printer.