US 5,045,672 AGrant
Chafing Dish and Method of Using Same
Issue Date:1991-09-03
•22 Claims
•3 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A chafing dish has a constantly energized, lift out immersion heater. The heater has a heat loop configured to permit concurrent use of flame from cans of fuel without the flame damaging the heater. The heat loop is positioned in a water pan. Cool arms project upwardly through notches in a food pan and lid in one embodiment and the water pan in another embodiment. In a method of operating a chafing dish predetermined amounts of water are supplied and the water is caused to function as a thermostat.
Metadata
Inventor
- Chester B. Scott
Application Information
Application Number:US 5951879
Filing Date:1990-10-10
Priority Date:1989-11-17
Art Unit:216
Classifications
IPC:
H05B 378
Field of Search:
219126439;430;432;436;43733
Patent Drawings (3 sheets)
Description
IN THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the chafing dish of this invention;
FIGS. 2 and 3 are top plan views of the water pan in this invention respectively equipped with an end contact and a si immersion heater;
FIGS. 4A-4C are en fragmentary sectional views from the planes indicated by the lines 4a and 4c of FIG. 5 and 4b of FIG. 6;
FIGS. 5 and 6 are top plan views showing the water pan and the heater element in dotted line and the food pan and lid in place with an end contact heating element in FIG. 5 and a side contact heating element in FIG. 6; and
FIG. 7 is an enlarged fragmentary sectional view of a chafing dish equipped with a notched water pan.
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT
Referring to the drawings and to FIG. 1 in particular a chafing dish is shown generally at 10. The dish includes a water pan 12. The water pan 12 is supported by a leg and bracing structure 13 in spaced relationship with a table or other support surface, not shown.
Flammable fuel cans 15 are shown in FIG. 1. As indicated by the dashed lines of FIG. 1 these cans are positionable in conventional receptacles as indicated by the dotted line 16 of FIGS. 2 and 3. The dotted line 16 also represents an upward extension of an imaginary geometric configuration generated by the receptacle.
The water pan 12 includes an imperforate base 18 and upstanding imperforate end and side walls 20, 21. The water pan also has generally horizontally disposed end and side flanges 24, 25 for supporting a food pan 27. The food pan includes a bottom 28 and upstanding end and side wall 30, 31. A generally horizontally disposed perimeteral flange surrounds the end and side walls 30, 31. The flange includes side and end portions 34, 35. The food pan end and flange portions 34, 35 are complemental with the end and side flanges 24, 25 of the water pan so that the food pan rests on the water pan flanges in a relationship that provides a substantial seal for water vapor generated in the water pan.
The water and food pans respectively define a water retaining volume and a food retaining space. When in use, water is in the water pan to a level below the food pan while food to be warmed and served is in the food pan.
A lid 37 is provided. The lid 37 is conventionally provided with a handle 38. The lid 37 has a perimeteral flange 40 which rests on the food pan flange in heat retention relationship.
A side contact heating element 42 is shown in FIG. 3. The heating element 42 includes upstanding arms 43 that include cold zones from approximately the water level upward. The heating element 42 also includes an immersion loop 44 sized and configured to rest on the water pan base 18 to surround and be spaced from the certain parts of the base 18 which are above the heat can receptacle 16. Thus, if flame is used in conjunction with the immersion element the flame heat will be spaced from the immersion element. The element 42 also includes electrical contacts 46 which are conventional contacts adapted to receive a 110 volt AC standard electrical female connector.
In FIGS. 2 and 4A, an end contact immersion element 42' is shown. Apart from the location of the contacts and a slightly different configuration of the immersed loop, the end and side contact immersion heaters are the same. The immersion heater 42' includes elements 43', 44', and 44' as to which the description of the elements 43, 44, and 44 is appropriate and not repeated.
A side and an end portion of the lid flange 40 are respectively equipped with pairs of notches 46, 47 which are best seen in FIGS. 5 and 6. One of the end flange portions 34 of the food pan 27 is equipped with a pair of notches 49. One of the side flange portions 35 is equipped with a pair of notches 50. When a side contact heating element 42 is used the notches 47, 50 are aligned to receive the upstanding arms 43. When an end contact element 42' is used the notches 46, 49 are aligned to receive the upstanding arms 43'.
Indicia in the form of graduations 52, FIG. 4A, are provided. The indicia are provided so that one will know when the water pan is filled to a given graduation what volume of water is contained in the pan.
Referring now to FIG. 7, an alternate embodiment which is preferred for retrofit of existing chafing dishes is shown. In FIG. 7 like numerals have been used with primes added. Thus, the food pan and lid are shown as 27' and 37' because they're conventional, unnotched components of the system.
In the embodiment in FIG. 7, the wall 20' of the water pan 12' includes notches 54. These notches extend through the water pan flange 24' downwardly a sufficient distance to receive the upstanding arm 43' of the end contact element 42' allowing the element to rest on the water pan base 18'.
In order to allow room for the upstanding arms 43' to project outwardly through the notches 54, the water pan is maintained in an elevated condition relative to leg and bracing structure as contrasted with the lower position of the embodiments of pages 1 to 6. To accomplish this, each end wall 20' includes at least one outwardly extending projection 56 which rests on a top 57 of the leg and bracing structure 13. The projection 56 may be an elongate projection, transversely speaking, in the side wall, or a plurality of spaced smaller projections. Each end wall is equipped with such projections. Alternatively or in addition to the end wall projections, comparable projections are provided in the side walls 20' not shown. But one projection is shown in that any cross-sectional view of the projections, be they side or end wall projections, would be the same.
Operation
In operation one first selects the appropriate side or end contact immersion heating element 42 or 42'. The selected element is placed in the water pan with its shaped heat dispensing loop in contact with the water pan base 18.
Next an operator determines a substantially optimum temperature for a food to be served. Having determined the temperature the operator next determines the volume of water required to provide water vapor of a volume and temperature appropriate to achieve the optimum food temperature. The appropriate volume of water is then placed in the water pan. Preferably this is done by simply pouring water into the pan until the top of the volume of water in the pan is aligned with the appropriate one of the graduations 52. The immersion heater is coupled to a standard 100 volt AC source adequate to supply 500 watts, i.e., approximately 5 amps.
Food to be served is then placed in the food pan and the food pan is placed on the water pan with the water pan's side and end flanges 24, 25 functioning as complementally configured co-acting food pan support surfaces. When using the embodiment of FIGS. 1-6, as the food pan is placed in the water pan, the appropriate side or end notches 49, 50 are aligned with the upstanding arms 43' or 43 respectively. If a lid is to used it is then manipulated so the appropriate pair of end or side notches 46, 47 is aligned with the upstanding arms 43' or 43.
Ideally the water added is either preheated or the heating element is operated for a time to heat the water before a food pan containing food is mounted on the unit. In any event throughout the service the heating element is constantly energized to provide water vapor from the water volume in the water pan. The appropriate volume of water having been selected, the water will function as a thermostat and water vapor of appropriate temperature and volume will be generated to maintain the food at its preselected substantially optimum temperature.
Tests have been conducted using a Calrod brand heater element corresponding to the element 42 of FIG. 3. The tested element included an immersion loop 44 about 10 by 18 inches in overall dimension positioned in a 14.times.22 inch water pan, a popular size. One gallon of water at 135.degree. F. was placed in the water pan and the food pan was substantially filled with water also at 135.degree. F. After 45 minutes the water in the water pan measured 180.degree. F. while the food pan water measured 160.degree. F. Thereafter the temperatures stabilized at approximately 190.degree. F. and 160.degree. F. respectively. Ambient temperature was 70.degree. at the start, was at 72.degree. when recorded 2 hours and 15 minutes after the start and dropped to 68.degree. F. after 4 hours when the test was terminated. The test was terminated because it was conducted on a screened in porch which was then being subjected to a strong wind. Final temperature measurements of the water in the pans were 185.degree. F. and 157.degree. F. respectively.
Although the invention has been described in its preferred form with a certain degree of particularity, it is understood that the present disclosure of the preferred form has been made only by way of example and that numerous changes in the details of construction and the combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and the scope of the invention as hereinafter claimed.
Claims
I claim:
1. A chafing dish comprising: (a) a water pan including a base and side walls defining a water retaining space; (b) a flanged food pan including side walls and an imperforate bottom defining a food retaining space; (c) the food pan flanges and upper surfaces of the water pan side walls being complementally configured to provide coacting food pan support surfaces for supporting the food pan bottom above the water pan base and above the intended level of water in the water pan when the dish is in use; (d) an immersion heater having a heat generating capacity appropriate to maintain any quantity of water in the water pan which quantity is within the operating range of the dish at an elevated temperature below the boiling point while the dish is in use, said heat generating capacity being insufficient to cause the water to reach its boiling point during normal operation of the dish the heater being adapted for direct connection to a power source without intervening electrical controls; (e) the heating element being a lift out element including an immersible water heating portion sized and configured to rest on the water pan base the element including an upstanding arm for projecting upwardly above the intended level of water in the water pan and outwardly for connection to a power source, the heater including the arms having continuous imperforate walls extending upwardly above the intended water level; and, (f) one of the pans complemental surfaces being notched to receive said up standing arms.
2. The chafing dish of claim 1 wherein the element is constantly energized when in use to provide a consistent heat source.
3. The dish of claim 1 wherein a set of legs are connected to the water pan for supporting the dish when in use.
4. The dish of claim 3 wherein a receptacle is provided for receiving canned flammable fuel and the element is configured such as to be around a vertical upward extension of an imaginary geometric configuration generated by the receptacle whereby heat from a flame supplied by such cammed fuel will impinge on the water pan base at locations spaced from parts of the base contacting the element.
5. The dish of claim 1 wherein one of the water pan side walls is calibrated to indicate optimum water depth according to the food to be warmed.
6. The dish of claim 1 wherein said one pan is the food pan.
7. The dish of claim 6 wherein an end flange of the food pan is notched.
8. The dish of claim 6 wherein a side flange of the food pan is notched.
9. The dish of claim 1 wherein said one pan is the water pan.
10. A chafing dish comprising: (a) a water pan having an imperforate base and upstanding, interconnected, imperforate side and end walls, the base and walls together defining a water retaining volume; (b) leg and bracing structure secured to the water pan and adapted to support the pan above a support surface; (c) a canned heat support carried by the structure and adapted to support a can of flammable fuel below a certain part of the base; (d) a heating element including a shaped heat dispersing loop adapted to rest on the base and configured not to be over said certain part of the base when in use; (e) a food pan including a bottom and flanged side and end walls with the flanges of the food pan walls being complemental with parts of the water pan walls to support the food pan on the water pan with the bottom above and spaced from the base and the element and the intended level of water in the water pan; (f) the element including upstanding arms for projection out of said volume; (g) one of the food pan flanges being notched to receive the arms to provide the element access to an external source of power for direct connection of the element to the source for continuous heating of the element when in use; and, (h) the element having a heat generating capacity appropriate to maintain any quantity of water in the water pan which quantity is within the operating range of the dish at an elevated temperature below the boiling point while the dish is in use, said heat generating capacity being insufficient to cause the water to reach its boiling point during normal operation of the dish.
11. The dish of claim 10 wherein the notched flange is a side flange.
12. The dish of claim 11 wherein a food pan cover is provided, the cover being adapted to fit on and close the food pan and wherein the cover is notched complemental to the notched flange.
13. The dish of claim 10 wherein the notched flange is an end flange.
14. The dish of claim 13 wherein a food pan cover is provided, the cover being adapted to fit on and close the food pan and wherein the cover is notched complemental to the notched flange.
15. The dish of claim 10 where in both a side and an end flange are notched.
16. The dish of claim 15 wherein a food pan cover is provided, the cover being adapted to fit on and close the food pan and wherein the cover is notched complemental to the notched flanges.
17. The dish of claim 10 wherein a water pan wall includes indicia providing calibrations to apprise the user of the depth of water to be provided in said volume to provide the volume of water appropriate for maintaining the food to be served at an appropriate temperature.
18. A process of operating a chafing dish to maintain food at an appropriate temperature for serving: (a) determining a substantially optimum food temperature for a given food to be served; (b) determining the volume of water appropriate to provide water vapor of a volume and temperature which will maintain said substantially optimum food temperature without use of thermostatic switching; (c) placing such determined volume of water in a water pan equipped with an immersion electrical heating element; (d) placing a quantity of such given food in a food pan; and (e) mounting the food pan on the water pan with the food pan in spaced relationship with such determined volume of water; and (f) energizing said element on a substantially continuous basis as such food is served.
19. The process of claim 18 wherein the appropriate volume of water is determined by selecting one of a series of water pan calibrations appropriate to indicate a water level to provide a proper volume of water.
20. A chafing dish comprising: (a) a water pan having an imperforate base and upstanding, interconnected, side and end walls, the base and walls together defining a water retaining volume; (b) leg and bracing structure secured to the water pan and adapted to support the pan above a support surface; (c) a food pan including a bottom and flanged side and end walls with the flanges of the food pan walls being complemental with parts of the water pan walls to support the food pan on the water pan with the bottom above and spaced from the base and the element and the intended level of water in the water pan (d) the element including upstanding arms for projection out of said volume; (e) one of the water pan walls being notched to receive the arms to provide the element access to an external source of power for direct connection of the element to the source for continuous heating of the element when in use; and, (f) the element having a heat generating capacity appropriate to maintain any quantity of water in the water pan which quantity is within the operating range of the dish at an elevated temperature below the boiling point while the dish is in use, said heat generating capacity being insufficient to cause the water to reach its boiling point during normal operation of the dish.
21. The dish of claim 20 wherein a water pan wall includes indicia providing calibrations to apprise the user of the depth of water to be provided in said volume to provide the volume of water appropriate for maintaining the food to be served at an appropriate temperature.
22. The dish of claim 20 wherein selected ones of the water pan side and end walls include portions projecting outwardly to support the water pan on the leg and bracing structure with the notches above the projections.
Patent Citations (19)
| Patent | Date | Inventor | Cited By |
|---|---|---|---|
| US887923 | 1908-05-01 | Crandall | |
| US1689915 | 1928-10-01 | Endorf | |
| US1693522 | 1928-11-01 | Medearis | |
| US1697732 | 1929-01-01 | Newland | |
| US1843455 | 1932-02-01 | McGowen | |
| US1961756 | 1934-06-01 | French | |
| US2448634 | 1948-09-01 | Smith | |
| US2471259 | 1949-05-01 | Chapman | |
| US2481384 | 1949-09-01 | Blackwell | |
| US2576688 | 1951-11-01 | Landgraf | |
| US3476915 | 1969-11-01 | Rapsis | |
| US3489880 | 1970-01-01 | Bloomfield | |
| US3673386 | 1972-06-01 | Drugmand et al. | |
| US3973102 | 1976-08-01 | Macklem | |
| US4365143 | 1982-12-01 | Kerber | |
| US4658117 | 1987-04-01 | Sayward, Jr. | |
| DE2708160 | 1941-07-01 | ||
| ITX499613 | 1954-11-01 | ||
| GBX642290 | 1950-08-01 |