US 5,033,733 AGrant
Stair Climbing Exercise Apparatus
Issue Date:1991-07-23
•10 Claims
•2 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A frame structure mounts two side-by-side steps which are pivotally connected to the frame structure for up-and-down motion. The first step is connected, via a strap, to a first pulley, the strap being wrapped around the pulley. The second step is connected by a second strap to the second pulley and the second strap is wrapped around the second pulley. A shaft extends between the first and second pulleys and the first pulley is connected to the shaft when the pulley rotates in one direction but is not connected to the shaft when it rotates in the other direction. The second pulley is, likewise, connected to the shaft when it rotates in the same one direction but is not connected to the shaft when the pulley rotates in the other direction. The resistance element of the apparatus is an electromagnetic brake which includes a rotatable armature, and the rotary motion of the shaft is transmitted to the armature by a planetary gear arrangement.
Metadata
Inventor
- Nathanial B. Findlay
Application Information
Application Number:US 5958296
Filing Date:1990-10-10
Priority Date:1990-10-10
Art Unit:332
Classifications
IPC:
A63B 2300
Field of Search:
27212869;70;71;72;73;128;132;13425 R;25 B
Patent Drawings (2 sheets)
Description
Background of Invention
1. Field of the Invention
The invention relates to a stair climbing exercise apparatus. More specifically, the invention relates to such an apparatus wherein the up-and-down motion of the steps of the apparatus is translated to rotary motion, and the rotary motion is transmitted, by a planetary gear arrangement, to a resistance element which provides the exercise resistance.
2. Description of Prior Art
Stairway exercise apparatus are known in the art as illustrated in, for example, U.S. Pat. No. 4,708,338, Potts, Nov. 24, 1987, U.S. Pat. No. 4,676,501, Hoagland et al, June 30, 1987, U.S. Pat. No. 4,720,093, Del Mar, Jan. 19, 1988, U.S. Pat. No. 4,600,187, Schenker, July 15, 1986, and U.S. Pat. No. 4,685,669, DeCloux, Aug. 11, 1987.
The '338 patent teaches an apparatus in which each of the pedals operate independently. Each pedal drives a pedal sprocket, which, in turn, drives a drive sprocket. However, the pedal sprockets drive the drive sprocket only in one direction of travel of the respective pedal sprockets. The drive sprocket, through a transmission system, drives an alternator shaft, and the alternator provides the exercise resistance. The pedals are returned to a rest position by a spring.
In the exercise machine of the '501 patent, which includes foot pads, exercise is performed by shifting the weight of the user from one side to another. Electric motors raise and lower the foot pads.
The stair climbing exerciser of the '093 patent has two steps which are connected, via chains, to sprockets. The sprockets are connected, via one-way drivers, to a flywheel so that the flywheel is rotated only by rotation in one direction of the sprockets. The steps are interconnected for reciprocal motion so that when a user drives one of the steps downwardly, he simultaneously drives the other step upwardly.
The step arms of the steps of the stair climbing exerciser of the '187 patent are connected to either end of a braked rocker plate. The braked rocker plate provides the exercise resistance and also provides reciprocal movement of the two steps.
In the '669 patent, each step of a stair climbing exerciser is connected to the piston of a separate piston and cylinder arrangement. The piston and cylinder arrangements provide the exercise resistance. In addition, the piston and cylinder arrangements are interconnected to provide reciprocal movement of the steps.
Summary of Invention
It is noted that none of the prior art apparatus use planetary gear arrangements for transmitting rotary motion.
It is therefore an object of the invention to provide a stair climbing exercise apparatus which uses a planetary gear arrangement.
In accordance with the invention, the up-and-down motion of the steps of a stair climbing exercise apparatus is translated to rotary motion, and the rotary motion is transmitted by a planetary gear arrangement to a resistance element which provides the exercise resistance.
In accordance with a particular embodiment of the invention there is provided a stair climbing exercise apparatus, comprising:
a frame structure;
a first step and a side-by-side second step, said steps being pivotally connected to said frame structure for up-and-down motion thereof;
a first rotary member mounted on said frame structure adjacent said first step and a second rotary member mounted on said frame structure adjacent said second step;
a first strap means having one end connected to said first step and the other end connected to said first rotary member whereby, when said first step is moved from an upward to a downward position, said first rotary member is caused to rotate in one direction;
a second strap means having one end connected to said second step and the other end connected to said second rotary member whereby, when said second step is moved from an upward to a downward position, said second rotary member is caused to rotate in said one direction;
shaft means extending between said first rotary member and second rotary member;
first connecting means connecting said first rotary member to one end of said shaft means such that said shaft means rotates with said first rotary member when said first rotary member rotates in said one direction and does not rotate with said first rotary member when said first rotary member rotates in an opposite direction;
second connecting means connecting said second rotary member to the other end of said shaft means such that said shaft means rotates with said second rotary member when said second rotary member rotates in said one direction and does not rotate with said second rotary member when said second rotary member rotates in said opposite direction;
an exercise resistance element;
a planetary gear arrangement for transmitting rotation of said shaft means to said resistance element.
Brief Description of Drawings
The invention will be better understood by an examination of the following description, together with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the stair climbing exercise apparatus in accordance with the invention; and
FIG. 2 is a section through II--II of FIG. 1 illustrating the planetary gear transmission system.
Description of Preferred Embodiments
Referring first to FIG. 1, the stair climbing exercise apparatus, illustrated generally at 1, comprises a tubular support member 3 having upright portions 5, horizontal portions 7 and a connecting bar 9. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the entire tubular support member can be formed as a single integral unit.
Disposed between the bottom ends of the upright portions 5 is a cross-horizontal floor member 11. Stabilizer 13 extends from the floor member 11 to the bottom end of a tubular stand 15 which also includes a cross-member 16.
A right pedal 17R and a left pedal 17L are connected to either side of the tubular stand 15 by parallel bars 19R, 21R and 19L, 21L respectively. Each pedal has an underlying tab 23, and the bars 19R, 21R and 19L, 21L are pivotally connected to the tab at points 25 and 27 respectively. The other ends of bars 19R, 21R and 19L, 21L are pivotally connected to either side of the tubular member at points 29 and 31 respectively. Accordingly, the steps can be moved upwardly, to an upward position as illustrated in FIG. 1, and downwardly to a downward position when the bars 19R, 21R and 19L, 21L are parallel to stabilizer member 13.
Connected to the right-hand parallel bars 19R, 21R and 19L, 21L are cables or straps 33R, 33L respectively. The straps 33R and 33L are wrapped around rotary members 35R and 35L (see also FIG. 2) which in the present embodiment constitute pulleys. The pulleys 35R and 35L are disposed adjacent spring covers 37R and 37L which, as seen in FIG. 2, house springs 39R and 39L respectively.
As seen in FIG. 2, pulley 35L is concentric with and surrounds a bushing 41. The bushing 41 is connected to the pulley 35L by one-way clutch 43. The one-way clutch will connect the bushing 41 to the pulley 35L when the pulley is rotated by a downward motion of the step 17L, i.e., in a counter-clockwise direction looking at the arrangement in FIG. 2 from the left-hand side.
Bushing 43 is connected to shaft 45 by keyway 47 so that shaft 45 will rotate with bushing 43.
Shaft 45 is connected to the carrier plate 49 of a first planetary gear arrangement by keyway 51 so that carrier plate 49 will rotate with the rotation of the shaft 45. Rotation of carrier plate 49 will cause pinions 53 (of which there are three in the planetary gear arrangement) to rotate, and the teeth of pinions 53 mesh with teeth 55 of the sun gear of the first planetary gear arrangement. The sun gear of the first planetary gear arrangement is connected to a carrier plate 57 of a second planetary gear arrangement which will thereby rotate with the rotation of the pinions 53 of the first planetary gear arrangement. This causes rotation of pinions 59 of the second planetary gear arrangement (which also includes three such pinion gears), and the teeth of the pinion gears 59 mesh with the teeth 61 of the sun gear of the second planetary gear arrangement. The sun gear of the second planetary gear arrangement is connected to a rotary member 63 of a resistance element illustrated generally at 65. In the illustrated embodiment, the resistance element 65 comprises an electromagnetic brake, and the rotary member 63 comprises the armature of the electromagnetic brake, which armature is in the shape of a short cylinder.
It is noted that the pinions 51 and 59 rotate in ring gear 67 which comprises the ring gear for both the first and second planetary gears. Specifically, the teeth of the pinions 51 and 59 mesh with the teeth 69 of the carrier 67. The carrier 67 is fixed to the tubular member 15 by bolt 70.
As is well known in the art, ring gear 67 is cylindrical in shape, and carrier plates 49 and 57 are circular and disposed co-axially with the cylindrical ring 67. The pinion gears are equally spaced around the carrier plates.
The electromagnetic brake comprises a plurality of bobbins 71 equally spaced around a pedestal 73 which comprises a short cylindrical member. The pedestal 73 is fixed to tubular member 15 by bolt 75.
Clutch 77 is disposed between pulley 35R and the right-hand end of the shaft 45. Clutch 77 will engage when downward motion of step 17R causes pulley 35R to rotate, i.e., once again, in the counterclockwise direction as seen from the left-hand side of FIG. 2. When the shaft rotates in the opposite direction, clutch 77 will slip.
Spring 39L is connected to pulley 35L so that the spring will be wound up when the pulley is rotated by the downward movement of step 17L, and will unwind when weight is removed from step 17L in its downward position to rotate pulley 35L in a clockwise direction to raise the step 17L to its upward position. Spring 39R is connected to pulley 35R in the same way. Thus, steps 17L and 17R will be raised from their downward to their upward position by the actions of springs 39L and 39R on pulleys 35L and 35R respectively.
In operation, the apparatus works as follows:
Assuming that the apparatus is in the state illustrated in FIG. 1, and an exerciser steps on step 17L, this will cause pulley 35L to rotate in the direction in which clutch 43 engages so that bushing 41 will rotate with the pulley 35L. Because of the connection between keyway 47 and shaft 45, shaft 45 will also rotate with the rotation of pulley 35L, and because of the connection between keyway 51 and carrier plate 49, carrier plate 49 will also rotate causing pinions 53 to rotate which, in turn, will cause carrier plate 57 to rotate. The rotation of carrier plate 57 will cause pinions 59 of the second planetary gear to rotate and this in turn will cause the armature 63 of the resistance element 65 to rotate. Armature 63 rotates against the braking force of the electromagnetic brake 65 thereby providing exercising resistance for the user.
At the same time, while pulley 35L is rotating, it will cause spring 39L to wind up. Clutch 77 will slip so that pulley 35R does not rotate with the rotation of shaft 45.
When step 17L reaches its downward position, the exerciser will place his foot, and his weight, on the upward step 17R. At this time, his weight will be removed from the step 17L, so that spring 39L will unwind pulling step 17L to its upward position.
When the exerciser steps on step 17R and puts his full weight thereon, then pulley 35R will be rotated by the action of cable 33R. With the pulley rotating in the direction caused by the downward movement of the step 17R, clutch 77 engages so that shaft 45 will rotate with pulley 35R. Again, the shaft 35 will be rotating in a counter-clockwise direction when looked at from the left-hand side in FIG. 2. At this time, clutch 43 will slip so that pulley 35L will not rotate with the rotation of shaft 45.
Once again, rotation of the shaft 45 will cause carrier plate 49 to rotate and, through the same train of action as above described, armature 63 of electromagnetic brake 65 will also rotate.
Accordingly, it can be seen that when a downward force is applied to either step 17L or step 17R, the linear motion will be translated to rotary motion by the respective pulley, and the rotary motion will be transmitted to the armature 63 of the electromagnetic brake 65. The armature will rotate against the braking force of the electromagnetic brake to thereby cause resistance for the exerciser to overcome.
It will also be seen that the pedals act independently of each other in accordance with the teachings of the present invention.
The bobbins 71 comprise mandrels with a single wire wound therearound. Both ends of the wires of all of the bobbins are connected, in parallel, to a source of current, and the magnitude of resistance offered by the inventive apparatus can be varied by varying the current applied to the bobbins. As is well known, varying the current will vary the magnetic field which causes the braking action.
The current will be made variable by activating appropriate switches of a control panel 79 illustrated in FIG. 1. The control panel would also include a read-out indicator to indicate, amongst other things, the resistance at which the apparatus is presently set. Other read-outs, as is well known in the art, can also be presented on the control panel.
As is well known in the art, the purpose for using a planetary gear arrangement is to provide an increase in rotary speed. Thus, the rotary speed of armature 63 will be greater than the rotary speed of pulleys 35R or 35L which causes the armature 63 to rotate. In the present embodiment, two carrier plates are illustrated. However, as is quite apparent, teeth 61 could be disposed to engage with the teeth of pinion gears 53 so that a second carrier plate would not be needed. Alternatively, the planetary gear arrangement could include three carrier plates if such an increase in speed is required.
In addition, although in the preferred embodiment there is a bushing 41 between pulley 35L and shaft 45, and contact between pulley 35R and shaft 45 is direct (through clutch 77), obviously, there could be bushings at both ends of the shaft, or there could be direct contact between the pulleys and the shaft at both ends. Again, the bushing could be placed at the righthand end and the left-hand end could include direct contact between pulley 35L and the left-hand end of the shaft 45.
Although a particular embodiment has been described, this was for the purpose of illustrating, but not limiting, the invention. Various modifications, which will come readily to the mind of one skilled in the art, are within the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims
I claim:
1. A stair climbing exercise apparatus, comprising: a frame structure; a first step and a side-by-side second step, said steps being pivotally connected to said frame structure for up-and-down motion thereof; a first rotary member mounted on said frame structure adjacent said first step and a second rotary member mounted on said frame structure adjacent said second step; a first strap means having one end connected to said first step and the other end connected to said first rotary member whereby, when said first step is moved from an upward to a downward position, said first rotary member is caused to rotate in one direction; a second strap means having one end connected to said second step and the other end connected to said second rotary member whereby, when said second step is moved from an upward to a downward position, said second rotary member is caused to rate in said one direction; shaft means extending between said first rotary member and said second rotary member; first connecting means connecting said first rotary member one end of said shaft means such that said shaft means rotates with said first rotary member when said first rotary member rotates in said one direction and does not rotate with said first rotary member when said first rotary member rotates in an opposite direction; second connecting means connecting said second rotary member to the other end of said shaft means such that said shaft means rotates with said second rotary member when said second rotary member rotates in said one direction and does not rotate with said second rotary member when said second rotary member rotates in said opposite direction; an exercise resistance element; a planetary gear arrangement for transmitting rotation of said shaft means to said resistance element such that the rotary speed of said resistance element is greater than the rotary speed of said shaft means.
2. An apparatus as defined in claim 1 and including first spring means for returning said first step to an upward position, and second spring means for returning said second step to an upward position.
3. An apparatus as defined in claim 2 wherein said first rotary member comprises a first pulley and wherein said second rotary member comprises a second pulley.
4. An apparatus as defined in claim 3 wherein said first connecting means comprises a bushing connected to said one end of said shaft by a keyway; said first pulley being connected to said bushing by a first one-way clutch.
5. An apparatus as defined in claim 4 wherein said resistance element comprises an electromagnetic brake having a rotatable armature.
6. An apparatus as defined in claim 5 wherein said planetary gear arrangement comprises; a ring gear, said ring gear being fixedly connected to said frame structure, said ring gear comprising a cylindrical element having gear teeth on the inner surface thereof; carrier means comprising a circular carrier plate carrying a plurality of pinion gears, the teeth of the pinion gears meshing with the teeth of said ring gear, said carrier means being rotatable with said shaft means; and said armature comprising gear teeth, said gear teeth of said armature meshing with said gear teeth of said pinion gears; whereby, said armature rotates with said shaft so that said armature rotates with the rotation of said first pulley in said one direction or with the rotation of said second pulley in said one direction.
7. An apparatus as defined in claim 6 wherein said carrier means comprises; a first carrier plate and a second carrier plate, said carrier plates being disposed in parallel and co-axial arrangement; said first carrier plate comprising a plurality of equally spaced first pinion gears; said second carrier plate comprising gear teeth at one end thereof and carrying a plurality of second pinion gears; the gear teeth of said first pinion gears meshing with the gear teeth of said second carrier plate; and the gear teeth of said second pinion gears meshing with the gear teeth of said armature.
8. An apparatus as defined in claim 7 wherein said armature of said electromagnetic brake comprises a short cylinder disposed parallel to said carrier plates and co-axial therewith; a circular pedestal mounted within said armature and co-axial therewith; and a plurality of bobbins equally spaced around said pedestal.
9. An apparatus as defined in claim 8 wherein said second connecting means comprises a second one-way clutch between the second end of said shaft means and said second pulley.
10. An apparatus as defined in claim 9 wherein said first spring is connected to said first pulley such that said first spring winds up when said first pulley is rotated in said one direction, and wherein, when said spring unwinds, it rotates said pulley in said opposite direction; and wherein said second spring is connected to said second pulley such that said second spring winds up when said second pulley is rotated in said one direction, and wherein, when said spring unwinds, it rotates said pulley in said opposite direction.