Heteroatom Containing Perfluoroalkyl Terminated Neopentyl Glycols and Compositions Therefrom

The invention described above is illustrated by the following examples:

Examples 1 to 24 illustrate the preparation of the R.sub.f -glycols.

Example 25 demonstrates the thermal superiority of the subject diols.

Examples 26 to 29 illustrate the preparation of polymeric compositions, and certain utilities of these compositions.

1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperfluorooctanethiol (176.7 gm, 0.465 mol) and dibromoneopentyl glycol (60.8 gm, 0.232 mol) are reacted under nitrogen with potassium carbonate (64.3 gm, 0.465 mol) and 2-pentanone (53.2 gm) as the solvent. The reaction is carried out at 105.degree. C. for 16 hours. The product is stirred at 70.degree. C. and washed once with 350 ml distilled water. Residual water is removed as an azeotrope and the remaining solvent is evaporated under house vacuum. The diol (187.5 gm, 94% of theory) is of 89% purity by GLC. The crude product is recrystallized twice from 500 gm toluene to give a final product 95% pure by GLC, m.p. 71.5.degree.-73.5.degree. C.

Analysis for C.sub.21 H.sub.18 F.sub.26 O.sub.2 S.sub.2 :

Calculated: C, 29.3; H, 2.1; F, 57.4; S, 7.5.

Found: C, 29.4; H, 2.0; F, 56.6; S, 7.7.

1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperfluorooctanethiol (111.6 gm, 0.232 mol) and dibromoneopentyl glycol (30.4 gm, 0.116 mol) are reacted under nitrogen with potassium carbonate (32.1 gm, 0.232 mol) and 2-pentanone (30.7 gm) as the solvent. The reaction is carried out at 100.degree. C. for 17 hours and the by-product salts (KBr) is removed by a hot gravity filtration. The crude product is crystallized and vacuum filtered giving 101.1 gm (82% of theory) of a pale yellow solid, 77% pure by GLC. The diol is recrystallized twice from toluene (400 g) and once from carbon tetrachloride (400 g) to give a final product of 96% purity, m.p. 90.degree.-92.5.degree. C.

Analysis for C.sub.25 H.sub.18 F.sub.34 O.sub.2 S.sub.2 :

Calculated: C, 28.3; H, 1.7; F, 60.9; S, 6.1.

Found: C, 28.3; H, 1.9; F, 60.9; S, 6.5.

This prior art diol is prepared according to Example 2b of U.S. Pat. No. 3,935,277.

N-[2-Mercaptoethyl]-perfluoro-octanamide (45.3 gm, 0.10 mol) and dibromoneopentyl glycol (12.5 gm, 0.048 mol) are reacted under nitrogen with potassium carbonate (13.2 gm, 0.10 mol) and 2-pentanone (14.0 gm) as the solvent. The reaction is run at 103.degree. C. for 19.5 hours. The reaction mixture is stirred at 75.degree. C. and washed twice with 80 g distilled water. The solvent is evaporated below 115.degree. C. to yield a brown product which is transferred as a brittle solid. This solid is recrystallized from toluene and then from ethanol to yield a white solid (32 gm, 64% of theory) which is 93% pure by GLC. NMR showed proton resonances at 2.72 ppm, 4 protons, S--CH.sub.2 C: 2.79 ppm, 4 protons, CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.2 ; CH.sub.2 SCH.sub.2 C; 3.60 ppm, 4 protons, NH--CH.sub.2 ; 3.65 ppm, 4 protons, CH.sub.2 --OH; 6.97 ppm, 1 proton, N--H.

Analysis for C.sub.25 H.sub.20 F.sub.30 N.sub.2 O.sub.4 S.sub.2 :

Calculated: C, 28.7; H, 1.9; N, 2.7; F, 54.5; S, 6.1.

Found: C, 28.5; H, 1.7; N, 2.8; F, 54.6; S, 6.3.

1-Heptafluoroisopropoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluoroalkanethiol (consisting of 73% n=3 homolog and 27% n=4 homolog) (46.0 gm, 0.080 mol) and dibromoneopentyl glycol (10.5 gm, 0.040 mol) are reacted under nitrogen with potassium carbonate (11.1 gm, 0.080 mol) and 2-pentanone (13.0 gm) as the solvent. The reaction is carried out at 103.degree. C. for 18 hours. The reaction mixture is stirred at 75.degree. C. and washed twice with 80 gms distilled water. The solvent is evaporated below 115.degree. C. to yield a yellow oil Which solidifies upon cooling to a waxy yellow gel (32.3 gm, 64% of theory). The product is 87% pure by GLC. NMR confirmed structure with the general proton assignments are the same as in example 1.

Analysis for product (n=3, 4):

Calculated: C, 28.1; H, 2.0; F, 55.9; S, 7.0.

Found: C, 27.7; H, 1.6; F, 59.5; S, 5.3.

4-Heptafluoroisopropoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorobutanethiol (43.7 gm, 0.13 mol) and dibromoneopentyl glycol (16.5 gm, 0.06 mol) are reacted under nitrogen with potassium carbonate (17.4 gm, 0.13 mol) and 2-pentanone (15.0 gm) as the solvent. The reaction is carried out at 103.degree. C. for 19 hours. The product is stirred at 75.degree. C. and washed twice with 80 ml. distilled water. The solvent is evaporated below 115.degree. C. and the product transferred hot as a yellow oil which remains fluid. The diol (31.4 gm, 63% of theory) is of 87% purity by GLC. NMR showed proton resonances at 2.0I ppm, 2 protons, --OH; 2.1-3.0 ppm, 8 protons, CF.sub.2 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 S; 2.70 ppm, 4 protons, SCH.sub.2 C; 3.66 ppm, 4 protons --(CH.sub.2 --OH).sub.2.

Analysis for product C.sub.19 H.sub.18 F.sub.22 O.sub.4 S.sub.2 :

Calculated: C, 28.8; H, 2.3; F, 52.7; S, 8.1.

Found: C, 28.9; H, 2.4; F, 50.4; S, 7.6.

1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperfluoroalkanethiol* (139.6 g, 0.28 mol) and sym-tetrabromodipentaerythritol (35.0 g, 0.07 mol) are reacted under nitrogen with potassium carbonate (38.7 g, 0.28 mol) and 2-pentanone (60.0 g) as the solvent. The reaction is run at 103.degree. C. for 19.5 hours, and is then allowed to cool and washed twice with 160 g distilled water at 75.degree. C. The water layer is removed and the remaining water/2-pentanone mixture azeotroped below 15.degree. C. The product is isolated as a brittle, yellowish-brown solid and crystallized from toluene to yield a pale yellow solid (127.4 g, 86% of theory) m.p. 79.7.degree.-87.4.degree. C. NMR shows proton resonances at 1.93 ppm, 2 protons, O--H; 2.40 ppm, 8 protons, R.sub.f --CH.sub.2 --; 2.63-2.90 ppm, 16 protons, CH.sub.2 --S--CH.sub.2 ; 3.43 ppm, 4 protons, CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2 ; 3.65 ppm, 4 protons, CH.sub.2 --OH.

Analysis for % OH:

Calculated=1.58%.

Found=1.56%.

2,2-Bis(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecylsulfonylmethylene)-1,3-propanediol

2,2-Bis-(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecylthiomethylene)-1,3-propanediol (25.0 g, 0.024 mol) is dissolved in glacial acetic acid (38.09 g, 0.63 mol) and warmed to 40.degree. C. Hydrogen peroxide (5.4 gm, 30%) is added and the mixture is stirred for 1 hour. The reaction mixture is then heated to 100.degree. C. and additional hydrogen peroxide (10.6 g, 30%) is added. The product precipitates as a yellowish-white solid (24.6 g, 95% of theory) and is crystallized from isopropyl acetate to yield a white solid, m.p.165.degree.-168.degree. C. which was 92% pure by GLC. NMR shows proton resonance at 2.82 ppm, 4 protons, CD.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 ; 3.63 ppm, 4 protons, CH.sub.2 ; --SO.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 ; 3.93 ppm, 4 protons, SO.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --C; 4.25 ppm, 4 protons, --C--CH.sub.2 OH.

Analysis for C.sub.25 H.sub.18 F.sub.34 O.sub.6 S.sub.2 ;

Calculated: C, 26.70; H, 1.6; F, 57.44; S, 5.70.

Found: C, 26.60; H, 1.5; F, 54.50; S, 6.30.

2,2-Bis(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluoroalkanethiomethylene)-1,3-propanediol* (108.5 g, 0.10 mol) and S-caprolactone (45.7 g, 0.40 mol) are reacted under nitrogen at 75.degree. C. for 1.5 hours in the presence of a catalytic amount of stannous octanoate. The reaction is then completed at 140.degree. C. for 3 hours. The product is a soft waxy yellow solid of mp 28.degree.-34.degree. C. Comparative gel permeation chromatography (styrogel column, THF mobile phase) of the starting material and the product shows an increase in the weight average molecular weight from 1091 to 2508.

1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperfluoroalkanethiol* (215.8 g, 0.47 mmol) and dibromoneopentyl glycol (60.78 g, 0.23 mmol) are reacted under nitrogen with potassium carbonate (64.3 g, 0.465 mmol) and 2-pentanone (54 g) as the solvent. The reaction is carried out at 105.degree. C. for 17 hours. The product is stirred at 70.degree. C. and washed once with 350 ml distilled water. Residual water is removed as an azeotrope and the remaining solvent is evaporated under house vacuum. The diol (228.3 g, 92% of theory) is of 89% purity by GLC.

Dibromoneopentyl glycol is reacted with 1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluoro-decyl amine in triethylamine as solvent at 80.degree.-100.degree. C. The reaction is carried out for 12 hours and the product is worked up by acidification and precipitation into water. The powder is collected by filtration and dried to yield 2,2-Bis-(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecyliminomethylene-1,3-propanediol.

1,1,2,2-Tetrahydroperfluorooctanol (10.9 gm, 0.03 mol), 3,3-(bromomethyl)oxetane (3.9 gm, 0.016 mol), potassium hydroxide (1.7 gm, 0.03 mol), and 15 gm of diethylene glycol dimethyl ether are reacted in the presence of approximately 1.0 gm of 18 Crown-6 in a 50 ml flask with gentle stirring for 72 hours at room temperature. Analysis by gas chromatography indicates that the solution contains 36% monoadduct, 64% diadduct. 2.5 gm of solids are filtered off and gc/ms identification confirms the presence of the desired 3,3-(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorooctyloxy)oxetane and 3-(1,1,2,2,-tetrahydroperfluorooctyloxy)-3-bromooxetane.

Identification is made by GC/MS (E.I. Mode) after derivatization with N,O-bis-(trimethylsilyl)trifluoroacetamide. Two major components are observed:

(Diadduct)

MS: m/z 810 absent,780 (M--CH.sub.2 O), 417 b.p., (M--C.sub.6 F.sub.13 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O), 403 (M--C.sub.6 F.sub.13 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 OCH.sub.2).

MS (CI) 811 (M+1).sup.+.

(Monoadduct)

MS m/z 526 absent, 447 (M--Br), 417 b.p.(M--CH.sub.2 OBr).

MS (CI) 527 (M+1).sup.+.

In a similar fashion to the previous example, 1,1,2,2-tetrahydro-perfluorodecanol is reacted at 100.degree. C. for 2-3 hours to give a mixture of monoadduct-40% and diadduct-60%.

The hydrolysis of the mixture of mono- and di- C.sub.6 F.sub.13 CH.sub.2 CH.sub.2 O-oxetanes obtained in Example 11 is accomplished by reacting the solution of the subject oxetanes in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether with 10 gm water containing 1 gm concentrated sulfuric acid, at reflux for 48 hours. The product separates into two layers and the bottom layer is separated off and washed once with dilute potassium carbonate and twice with water. Evaporation of 10 grams of product at 220.degree. C./1 mm Hg with a Kugelruhr affords 8 grams of an oil. By gas chromatography the product contains 79% mono- and 21% diadduct diols, as well as a considerable amount of byproducts derived from the solvent.

(Diadduct)

MS (C.I.)=29 (M+H).sup.+.

MS (E.I) =m/z 828 (absent), 417 b.p.(C.sub.12 H.sub.10 OF.sub.13), 403 (C.sub.11 H.sub.8 O.sub.13).

(Monoadduct)

MS (C.I.)=545(M+H).sup.+.

MS (E.I.)=m/z 544 (absent), 447 (--H.sub.2 O,Br), 429 (--2H.sub.2 O,Br), 417 (--CH.sub.2 O, Br, H.sub.2 O), 71 b.p.(C.sub.4 H.sub.7 O).

A mixture of C.sub.8 F.sub.17 SO.sub.2 N(C.sub.2 H.sub.5)H (20.0 g, 0.047 mol), 87% potassium hydroxide (3.0 g, 0.047 mol), diglyme (60.0 g) and 18-Crown-6 ether (0.1 g) is heated under nitrogen at 100.degree.-105.degree. C. for 30 minutes. The 3,3-bis-(bromomethyl)-oxetane (5.7 g, 0.0236 mol) is then added and the entire reaction mass is heated at 100.degree. C. for 13 hours. The salts are removed upon filtration. Diglyme is removed at 80.degree. C. under vacuum. Proton NMR shows the presence of I in the product. ##STR24## The oxetane of I can be opened to yield the diol II, ##STR25## according to the procedure described in example 13.

Using the methods described and by techniques similar to Examples 1-14, the following additional sulfido- and sulfone diols are prepared.

Thermogravimetric analyses are run on the diols of Examples 2, 6, 7, 8 and prior art diol of Example 2a.

The instrument is run at 10.degree. C./minute to either 350.degree. C. or 500.degree. C. with 100 ml/min N.sub.2 or in air.

These results indicate the thermal superiority of the subject bis-perfluoroalkylthio-neopentyl type diols. Prior art bis-perfluoro-alkylthio-diols have poor thermal stability and appreciably decompose below 180.degree. C. even under nitrogen. The subject diols as examplified above all are appreciably stable to greater than 280.degree. C. in nitrogen, even to 260.degree. C. in air. The weight loss of the diol of Example 2 is appreciable by TGA because of volatilization, not decomposition.

The diol of Example 9 (78.2 g, 0.073 mmol) is predried azeotropically with 1,1,1-trichloroethane. It is then reacted with 3,3,4-trimethylhexane-1,6-diisocyanate (11.54 g, 0.055 mol) under nitrogen in the presence of a catalytic amount of stannous octanoate (0.22 g) with 1,1,1-trichloroethane (135 g) as the solvent. The reaction mixture is heated at reflux for one hour at which time the N.dbd.C.dbd.O infrared band at 2270cm.sup.-1 is absent. Then, dimer acid diisocyanate (27.7 g, 46 mmol) is added along with N-methyldiethanolamine (3.4 g, 28 mmol) and 1,1,1-trichloroethane (46.6 g).

The mixture is kept at reflux for two hours and the reaction is again judged to be complete by the disappearance of the N.dbd.C.dbd.O infrared band. Molecular weight can be determined by gel permeation chromatography.

The diol of Example 6 (30.0 g, 0.014 mol) is predried azeotropically with isopropyl acetate and is then reacted with 3,3,4-trimethylhexane-1,6-diisocyanate (2.19 g, 0.01 mol) under nitrogen in the presence of a catalytic amount of stannous octanoate (0.084 g) using isopropyl acetate (49.0 g) as the solvent. The reaction mixture was heated to 80.degree. C. for 30 minutes and completeness of reaction is indicated by the absence of the N.dbd.C.dbd.O infrared band at 2270 cm.sup.-1. Then, dimer acid diisocyanate (10.36 g, 0.017 mol) is added along with N-methyldiethanolamine (1.67 g, 0.014 mol) and isopropyl acetate (18.0 g). The mixture was heated to 80.degree. C. for one hour until the reaction is judged to be complete by the absence of the N.dbd.C.dbd.O infrared band. Molecular weight can be determined by gel permeation chromatography.

The diol of Example 6 (30.0 g, 0.014 mmol) is predried azeotropically with isopropyl acetate and is then reacted with 3,3,4-trimethylhexane-l,6-diisocyanate (1.45 g., 0.007 mmol) under nitrogen in the presence of a catalytic amount of stannous octanoate (0.084 g), using isopropyl acetate (47.0 g) as the solvent. The reaction mixture is heated at 80.degree. C. for 30 minutes and reaction is complete as indicated by the absence of the N.dbd.C.dbd.O infrared band at 2270 cm.sup.-1. Then dimer acid diisocyanate (10.4 g, 17 mmole) is added along with N-methyldiethanolamine (1.25 g, 10 mmole) and isopropyl acetate (17.40 g). The mixture is heated at 80.degree. C. for 1 hour and is again judged to be complete by the absence of the N.dbd.C.dbd.O infrared band.

The polyurethanes of Examples 21 and 23 are compared to an identical formulation prepared from a prior art diol. ##STR26##

This prior art diol is prepared according to Example 2b of to U.S. Pat. No. 3,935,277.

The polyurethane products are applied by pad application with 1,1,1-trichloroethane on both 65/35 polyester/cotton poplin and 100% nylon taffeta in such a way that 0.06% F is applied to the polyester/cotton and 0.04% F to the nylon. The products are evaluated after air drying and curing in a hot air oven at >150.degree. C. for 3 minutes. The products prepared from the subject diols have significantly improved water repellency over the prior art diol.