US 4,882,319 AGrant
Phosphonic Acid Substituted Aromatic Steroids as Inhibitors of Steroid 5-.Alpha.-Reductase
Issue Date:1989-11-21
•24 Claims
Abstract
Invented are phosphonic acid substituted analogues of steroidal synthetic compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds, and methods of using these compounds to inhibit steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase, including using these compounds to reduce or maintain prostate size. Also invented are intermediates used in preparing these compounds.
Metadata
Assignee
- SmithKline Beckman Corporation
Inventors
- Dennis A. Holt
- Mark A. Levy
- Brian W. Metcalf
Application Information
Application Number:US 2900564
Filing Date:1988-12-23
Priority Date:1988-12-23
Art Unit:125
Classifications
IPC:
A61K 3166A61K 31665A61K 31675C07J 100
Field of Search:
260540514397;397.3;397.4;397.45;397.523;95;100;11975;79;85;86;90;91;92;100;113;125;130;141
Patent Drawings
This patent does not have any drawings.
Description
FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to certain novel phosphonic acid substituted aromatic A ring analogues of steroidal synthetic compounds, pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds and methods for using these compounds to inhibit mammalian steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase, and intermediates of the novel substituted aromatic A ring analogues.
DESCRIPTION OF RELATED ART
The class of steroidal hormones known as androgens is responsible for the physical characteristics that differentiate males from females. Of the several organs that produce androgens, the testes produce these hormones in the greatest amounts. Centers in the brain exert primary control over the level of androgen production. Numerous physical manifestations and disease states result when ineffective production control results in excessive androgen hormone production. For example, acne vulgaris, seborrhea, female hirsutism, and benign prostatic hypertrophy are correlated with elevated androgen levels. Additionally, the incidence of male pattern baldness has been associated with high androgen levels.
Testosterone is the principal androgen secreted by the testes and is the primary androgenic steroid in the plasma of males. It now is known that 5-.alpha.-reduced androgens are the active hormones in some tissues such as the prostate and sebaceous gland. Circulating testosterone thus serves as a prohormone for dihydrotestosterone (DHT), its 5-.alpha.-reduced analogue, in these tissues but not in others such as muscle and testis. Steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase is a NADPH-dependent enzyme that converts testosterone to DHT. The importance of this enzyme in male development was dramatically underscored by discovery of a genetic steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase deficiency in male pseudohermaphrodites. Imperato-McGinley, J., et al. (1979), J. Steroid Biochem. 11:637-648.
Recognition of the importance of elevated DHT levels in many disease states has stimulated many efforts to synthesize inhibitors of this enzyme. The structures of several known steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibitors are shown in Table 1.
The first inhibitor described was the 17-.beta.-carboxylic acid (I) by Hsia and Voight in 1973. J. Invest. Dermat. 62:224-227. The secosteroid (2) was the next inhibitor to be described and also has found utility as an affinity label for 5-.alpha.-reductase. Robaire, B., et. al., (1977), J. Steroid Biochem. 8:3307-310.
The diazoketone (3) has been reported as a potent, time-dependent inhibitor of steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase. Blohm, T. R., et. al. (1980), Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 95:273-280; U.S. Pat. No. 4,317,817, Mar. 2, 1982. Compound (4) is exemplary of a group of 4-aza steroid inhibitors of steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,377,584 which issued Mar. 22, 1983, and in Liang, T., et al. (1983), J. Steroid Biochem. 19, 385-390. The 6-methylene steroid (5) also has been shown to be a time-dependent inactivator of steroid 55-.alpha.-reductase. Petrow, V., et. al. (1981), Steroids: 38 121-140.
Other steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibitors also have been described. U.S. Pat. No. 4,361,578 which issued June 2, 1986, describes a class of homosteroid enzyme inhibitors. U.S. Pat. No. 4,191,759 discloses amides of 17.beta.-carboxy-4-androsten-3-one that are active as steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibitors. Japanese Pat. Nos. J60146855-A and J60116657-A disclose various aniline derivatives having numerous activities including 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibiting activity. Japanese Pat. No. I60142941-A discloses phenyl-substituted ketones having 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibiting activity and European Pat. No. EP173516-A discloses various phenyl-substituted amides having similar activity. Shiseido referenced terpene derivatives that are active inhibitors of steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase Japanese Pat. No. J59053417-A.
Palladium-catalyzed substitutions of triflates, forming diethyl arylphosphonates, have been described in J. Am. Chem. 1987, 109, 2831-2833.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention resides in the discovery that steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase is inhibited by certain phosphonic acid substituted aromatic A ring analogues of steroidal synthetic compounds. The compounds are potent enzyme inhibitors.
Presently preferred compounds of the invention, and compounds used in the preferred invented pharmaceutical compositions and the preferred invented methods include:
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid,
17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid,
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphon ic acid,
17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphonic acid,
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6,8-pentaene-3-phospho nic acid,
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid,
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid,
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-phosphoni c acid,
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid, and
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid.
In a further aspect of the invention there are provided novel intermediates and processes useful in preparing the presently invented 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibiting compounds.
The invention also is a method for inhibiting 5-.alpha.-reductase activity in mammals, including humans, that comprises administering internally to a subject an effective amount of a presently invented 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibiting compound.
Included in the present invention are pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutical carrier and compounds useful in the methods of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The presently invented compounds that inhibit 5-.alpha.-reductase have the following Formula (I): ##STR6## in which: the B, C, and D rings have optional double bonds where indicated by the broken lines, provided that the C ring does not have a double bond when the B ring has a C.sub.8 -C.sub.9 double bond, and provided that the D ring does not have a C.sub.16 -C.sub.17 double bond when R represents two substituents or a divalent substituent;
X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are any accessible combination of H, Cl, F, Br, I, CF.sub.3, or C.sub.1-6 alkyl, OH, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, CN, NO.sub.2, N(R.sup.1).sub.2, CHO, or CO.sub.2 R.sup.1 ;
R.sup.1 each independently is H or C.sub.1-8 alkyl; and
R is
(1) .alpha.-hydrogen, .alpha.-hydroxyl, or .alpha.-acetoxy and/or
(a) ##STR7## where W is a bond or C.sub.1-12 alkyl and R.sup.2 is (i) hydrogen,
(b) --Alk--OR.sup.5, where Alk is C.sub.1-12 alkyl, and R.sup.5 is
(2) .dbd.CH--W--CO--R.sup.2 or .dbd.CH--W--OR.sup.5, where W is a bond or C.sub.1-12 alkyl, and R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 have the same meaning as above and R.sup.5 also is C.sub.1-20 alkylcarbonyl;
(3) ##STR8## where the dashed bond replaces the 17-.alpha.-hydrogen, (4) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.--NHCOR.sup.6 where R.sup.6 is C.sub.1-12 alkyl or .beta.-N(R.sup.3).sub.2 where R.sup.3 has the same meaning as above,
(5) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-cyano,
(6) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-tetrazolyl, or
(7) keto;
or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
As used herein, unless otherwise specified, C.sub.1-n alkyl and C.sub.1-n alk mean a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain having 1 to n carbons, Alk means a straight or branched hydrocarbon chain having 1 to 12 carbons, and "accessible combination" means any combination of substituents that is available by chemical synthesis and is stable.
Preferred among Formula (I) compounds are those in which X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are H.
Also, preferred among the presently invented compounds are those having Formula (II): ##STR9## in which: the D ring has an optional double bond where indicated by the broken line, provided that the 17.alpha.-hydrogen is not present when the C.sub.16 -C.sub.17 double bond is present;
X.sub.4, X.sub.5 and X.sub.6 are H;
R.sup.7 is
(a) CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1, or
(b) CON(R.sup.1).sub.2, and
R.sup.1 each independently is H or C.sub.1-8 alkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
Particularly preferred are Formula (II) compounds in which R.sup.7 is N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide which is --CON(C.sub.3 H.sub.7).sub.2.
Also preferred among the presently invented compounds are those having Formula (III): ##STR10## in which R.sup.7, R.sup.1, X.sup.4, X.sup.5 and X.sup.6 are as defined for Formula (II). Additionally preferred among the presently invented compounds are those having Formula (IV): ##STR11## in which R.sup.7, R.sup.1, X.sup.4, X.sup.5 and X.sup.6 are as defined for Formula (II).
Compounds of Formula (I) and their pharmaceutical salts are included in the pharmaceutical compositions of the invention and used in the methods of the invention.
As used above and throughout the remainder of the specification and claims, the carbons of the steroid nucleus are numbered and the rings are lettered in standard nomenclature as follows: ##STR12##
Schemes I and II show formation of Formula (Ia) compounds which are Formula (I) compounds in which R is replaced by R.sup.8 which is R or moieties which can be converted to R by known chemical reactions such as described in J. Fried and J. Edwards, Organic Reactions in Steroid Chemistry, Pub: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company (1972). Reactions to convert R.sup.8 to R may be performed on products of the synthetic pathway of Schemes I and II or, where appropriate or preferable, on certain intermediates in this synthetic pathway, as demonstrated in the following Examples.
SCHEME I ##STR13##
Scheme I depicts formation of Formula (Ia) compounds in which the broken lines indicate optional double bonds; and X.sup.1 ', X.sup.2 ', and X.sup.3 ', are X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 as in Formula (I) or moieties which can be converted to X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 by known procedures such as described in Carey and Sundberg, Advanced Organic Chemistry 2nd Ed. (1983), and exemplified in the examples below. The formula (a) starting materials are known and readily available or are synthesized from known precursors using known procedures. According to Scheme I, a compound (a) and a hindered aromatic base such as 2,6-lutidine in an appropriate organic solvent, preferably dichloromethane, is cooled to -20.degree. C. to 20.degree. C., preferably 0.degree., and reacted with a trihaloalkylsulfonic anhydride, preferably trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride, to form compounds (b).
Compounds (b) then are mixed with a palladium compound, such as tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, a dialkyl phosphite having 1-4 carbon atoms in each alkyl group such as dimethyl phosphite, N-methyl morpholine and acetonitrile, and heated at 30.degree. C. to 100.degree. C., preferably 70.degree. C., to yield compounds (c). In compounds (c), R.sup.9 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl. Compounds (c) next are acidified to yield compounds (d).
Formula (Ia) compounds unsaturated at C.sub.16 -C.sub.17 are prepared using modifications of the Scheme I procedure such as exemplified in Example 3 below.
SCHEME II ##STR14##
Scheme II outlines formation of Formula (Ia) compounds referred to above wherein the C.sub.6 -C.sub.7 bond is unsaturated. The starting materials for Scheme II are compounds (a) from Scheme I. As outlined in Scheme II, compounds (a) in a suitable organic solvent, such as pyridine, are treated with a C.sub.1-8 alkyl anhydride, such as acetic anhydride, to yield formula (g) compounds. Compounds (g) then are treated with an oxidizing agent such as pyridinium chlorochromate, or preferably chromium trioxide (CrO.sub.3), to form compounds (h).
Compounds (i) are prepared by treating compounds (h) with a reducing agent such as lithium aluminum hydride, diisobutyl-aluminum hydride, or preferably sodium borohydride (NaBH.sub.4). Compounds (j), Formula (I) compounds in which the C.sub.6 -C.sub.7 bond is unsaturated, then are prepared from compounds (i) as shown in Scheme I.
Formula (Ia) compounds, referred to above wherein the C.sub.9 -C.sub.11 bond is unsaturated, are prepared using modifications of the Scheme I and II processes which will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art who are aware of these schemes. An example of such a modification is shown in Example 11.
Pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts of the compounds of the invention containing a basic group are formed where appropriate with strong or moderately strong organic or inorganic acids by methods known to the art. For example, the base is reacted with an inorganic or organic acid in an aqueous miscible solvent such as ethanol with isolation of the salt by removing the solvent or in an aqueous immiscible solvent when the acid is soluble therein, such as ethyl ether or chloroform, with the desired salt separating directly or isolated by removing the solvent. Exemplary of the acid addition salts which are included in this invention are maleate, fumarate, lactate, oxalate, methanesulfonate, ethanesulfonate, benzenesulfonate, tartrate, citrate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, sulfate, phosphate and nitrate salts.
Pharmaceutically acceptable base addition salts or compounds of the invention containing an acidic group are prepared by known methods from organic and inorganic bases and include nontoxic alkali metal and alkaline earth bases, for example, calcium, sodium, and potassium hydroxide; ammonium hydroxide, and nontoxic organic bases such as triethylamine, butylamine, piperazine, and (trihydroxymethyl)methylamine.
In preparing the presently invented compounds of Formula (I), novel intermediates of the following Formula (V) are synthesized. ##STR15## in which: the B, C and D ring double bonds and R, X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are as defined in Formula (I); and
R.sup.9 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl provided that the intermediate of Formula (V) is not diethyl estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one-3-phosphonate.
Because Formula (I) compounds inhibit steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase activity, they have therapeutic utility in treating diseases and conditions wherein decreases in DHT activity produce the desired therapeutic effect. Such diseases and conditions include acne vulgaris, seborrhea, female hirsutism, prostate diseases such as benign prostatic hypertrophy and prostatic carcinoma, and male pattern baldness.
A compound of the invention, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid, was tested for potency in inhibiting human steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase using tissue from hyperplastic human prostates. In determining potency in inhibiting the human enzyme, the following procedure was employed:
Frozen human prostates were thawed and minced into small pieces (5 mm.sup.3). The tissue was homogenized in 3 to 5 volumes of 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, containing 0.33M sucrose, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 50 .mu.M NADPH with a Brinkmann Polytron (Sybron Corporation, Westbury, N.Y.). The solution was subjected to sonication for 3 to 5 minutes with a Sonifier (Branson Sonic Power Co.) followed by hand homogenization in a glass-to-glass Dounce homogenizer (Kontes Glass Company, Vineland, N.J.).
Prostatic particles were obtained by differential centrifugation at 600 or 1000.times.g for 20 minutes and 140,000.times.g for 60 minutes at 4.degree. C. The pellet obtained from the 140,000.times.g centrifugation was washed with 5 to 10 tissue volumes of the buffer described above and recentrifuged at 140,000.times.g. The resulting pellet was suspended in 20 mM potassium phosphate buffer, pH 6.5, containing 20% glycerol, 1 mM dithiothreitol, and 50 .mu.M NADPH. The suspended particulate solution was stored at -80.degree. C.
A constant amount of [.sup.14 C]-testosterone (52 to 55 mCi/mmol, New England Nuclear, Boston, Mass.) in ethanol and varying amounts of the potential inhibitor in ethanol were deposited in test tubes and concentrated to dryness in a SAVANT Speed Vac. To each tube was added buffer, 20 .mu.l of 10 mM NADPH and an aliquot of prostatic particulate solution to a final volume of 0.5 ml of 50 mM sodium citrate, pH 5.0. After incubating the solution at 37.degree. C. for 20 to 30 minutes, the reaction was quenched by the addition of 4 ml ethyl acetate and 0.25 .mu.mol each of testosterone, dihydrotestosterone, androstanediol, and androstanedione as carriers. The organic layer was removed to a second test tube and evaporated to dryness in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in 20 to 30 .mu.l chloroform, spotted on an individual lane of a 20.times.20 cm prechannelled silica gel TLC plate (Si 250F-PA, Baker Chemical) and developed twice with acetone:chloroform (1:9). The radiochemical content in the bands of the substrate and the products was determined with a BIOSCAN Imaging Scanner (Bioscan, Inc., Washington, D.C.). The percent of recovered radiolabel converted to product was calculated, from which enzyme activity was determined. All incubations were conducted such that no more than 12% of the substrate (testosterone) was consumed.
The experimentally obtained data was computer fitted to a linear function by plotting the reciprocal of the enzyme activity (1/velocity) against the variable inhibitor concentration (Dixon, M. (1953), Biochem. J., 55, 170). Assuming that the steroidal inhibitor is a competitive inhibitor against testosterone, a value for the inhibition constant (K.sub.i) can be calculated from equation 1:
where B is the intercept on the 1/velocity axis, A is the slope of the line, S is the concentration of substrate (testosterone), and K.sub.m is the Michaelis-Menton constant of the substrate (testosterone) determined in a separate experiment to be 4.5 .mu.M.
The value of K.sub.i for 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid was determined to be 50 nM by the above testing procedure. The low value of K.sub.i determined demonstrates that this compound is a potent inhibitor of human steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase.
The compounds of Formula (I) are incorporated into convenient pharmaceutical dosage forms such as capsules, tablets, or injectable preparations. Solid or liquid pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are employed. Solid carriers include starch, lactose, calcium sulfate dihydrate, terra alba, sucrose, talc, gelatin, agar, pectin, acacia, magnesium stearate, and stearic acid. Liquid carriers include syrup, peanut oil, olive oil, saline, and water. Similarly, the carrier or diluent may include any prolonged release material, such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate, alone or with a wax. The amount of solid carrier varies widely but, preferably, will be from about 25 mg to about 1 g per dosage unit. When a liquid carrier is used, the preparation will be in the form of a syrup, elixir, emulsion, soft gelatin capsule, sterile injectable liquid, such as an ampoule, or an aqueous or nonaqueous liquid suspension.
The pharmaceutical preparations are made following conventional techniques of a pharmaceutical chemist involving steps such as mixing, granulating, and compressing, when necessary, for tablet forms, or mixing, filling and dissolving the ingredients, as appropriate, to give the desired oral or parenteral products.
Doses of the present compounds of Formula (I) in a pharmaceutical dosage unit as described above will be an efficacious, nontoxic quantity selected from the range of 0.001-100 mg/kg of active compound, preferably 0.01-10 mg/kg. The selected dose is administered to a human patient in need of steroid 5a-reductase inhibition from 1-6 times daily, topically, orally, rectally, by injection, or continuously by infusion or less often than once a day depending on the pharmacokinetics of the compound Oral dosage units for human administration preferably contain from 1 to 500 mg of active compound. Parenteral administration uses lower dosages. Oral administration is preferred and convenient for the patient.
The invented methods of inhibiting steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase activity in mammals, including humans, comprise administering internally to a subject an effective steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase inhibiting amount of a compound of Formula (I). The invented methods of reducing prostate size, which include methods of reducing the rate at which prostate size increases, comprise administering internally to a subject an effective amount of a Formula (I) compound.
The following examples illustrate preparation of Formula (I) compounds and pharmaceutical compositions containing these compounds. The examples are not intended to limit the scope of the invention as defined hereinabove and as claimed below.
EXAMPLE 1
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic Acid
(i) 3-Methoxy-17-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene
Methyl estrone (20 g, 50.4 mmol) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine (15 g, 72 mmol) were dissolved in 500 ml CH.sub.2 Cl.sub.2, and then treated with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (15 g, 53 mmol) at room temperature for 6 hours. The mixture was then filtered, and the filtrate was washed with 5% HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO.sub.3, brine, and then dried and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed (silica, 5% ethyl acetate (EtOAc) in hexane) to yield the title compound (25.3 g, 95%).
(ii) 3-Methoxy-17-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene
A mixture of 3-methoxy-17-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene (25 g, 47 mmol), bis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (II) acetate (3 g), triethylamine (18 ml), diisopropylamine (100 ml), and dimethylformamide (200 ml) was heated at 60.degree. C. under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide for 12 hours. The mixture was then concentrated, diluted with 500 ml H.sub.2 O and thoroughly extracted with CHCl.sub.3. The organic extract was washed with 5% HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO.sub.3, brine and then concentrated to a thick oil. Chromatography (silica, 10% EtOAc in hexane) yielded the title compound as a white solid (16 g).
(iii) 3-Methoxy-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
3-Methoxy-17-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene (16 g) dissolved in 500 ml 3:1 EtOAc-EtOH was hydrogenated over PtO.sub.2 (5 g) at 1 atm. overnight.
The mixture was filtered and concentrated to yield the title compound (14.25 g).
(iv) Estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
To a 0.degree. C. solution of 3-methoxy-estr-1,3,5(10)triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (4.8 g, 12 mmol) in dichloromethane (150 ml) was added a dichloromethane solution of boron tribromide (45 ml, 1M, 45 mmol). The resulting solution was stirred at 0.degree. C., for 2 hours and then at 25.degree. C. for 30 minutes. After cooling back to 0.degree. C., methanol (50 ml) was added carefully and the volatiles were then removed in vacuo. The residue was redissolved in dichloromethane and washed with water, dried, treated with silica gel and charcoal, filtered and concentrated. Trituration of the residue with acetone afforded 4.7 g (98%) of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) as a white solid.
(v) 3-(Trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisoprop ylcarboxamide)
A solution of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (11.15 g, 29.1 mmol) and 2,6-lutidine (5.1 ml, 45 mmol) in 300 ml dichloromethane at 0.degree. C. was treated with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (5.9 ml, 36 mmol). After 1 hour the mixture was filtered, concentrated, and chromatographed (silica, 20% EtOAc in hexane) to yield the title compound (9.1 g).
(vi) Dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonate
A mixture of 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropy lcarboxamide) (2 g, 3.89 mmol), dimethyl phosphite (700 mg), N-methylmorpholine (560 mg), and tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (150 mg) in 25 ml acetonitrile was heated at 70.degree. C. under argon overnight. The volatiles were then removed in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in EtOAc and washed with 5% HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO.sub.3, brine, and dried, and concentrated. The residue was chromatographed (silica, 50% EtOAc in hexane) to yield 1.4 g of the title compound as an off-white solid.
(vii) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic Acid
Dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonate (100 mg) was dissolved in 2 ml acetic acid and 2 ml 48% aqueous HBr and heated at 80.degree. C. for 3 days. The volatiles were removed in vacuo. The residue was dissolved in methanol, eluted through a bed of activated carbon, and then slowly diluted with water. The title compound was collected as a white precipitate (45 mg), m.p. 215.degree.-218.degree. C.
EXAMPLE 2
17.beta.-(N-tert-Butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 by substituting tert-butylamine for diisopropylamine in step (ii).
EXAMPLE 3
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosohon ic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (vii) by substituting dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phospho nate for dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonate.
EXAMPLE 4
17.beta.-(N-tert-Butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (vii) by substituting dimethyl 17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphonat e for dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonate.
EXAMPLE 5
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6,8-pentaene-3phosphon ic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 by substituting 1,3,5(10),6,8-estrapentaene-3-methoxy-17-one for methyl estrone.
EXAMPLE 6
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 by substituting methyl 2-methyl-estrone for methyl estrone.
EXAMPLE 7
17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 by substituting methyl 4-methyl-estrone for methyl estrone.
EXAMPLE 8
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropvlcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-phosphoni c Acid
(i) 3-Methoxy-17-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene
Methyl estrone (60 mmol) and 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylpyridine (27 g, 130 mmol) are dissolved in 500 ml of dichloromethane and the solution is cooled to 0.degree. C. Trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (45.3 g, 160 mmol) is then slowly added to the solution. The resulting solution is stirred at 0.degree. C. for 2 hours and then at 25.degree. C. for 4 hours. The solution is then washed with 10% aqueous HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO.sub.3, brine, and then dried and concentrated. Chromatography (silica gel, 5% EtOAc in hexane) affords 3-methoxy-17-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene.
(ii) 3-Methoxy-17-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5,(10),16-tetraene
A mixture of 3-methoxy-17-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene (26 mmol), palladium (II) acetate (500 mg), triphenylphosphine (1.1 g), triethylamine (9 ml), diisopropylamine (50 ml), and dimethylformamide (100 ml) are heated at 60.degree. C. under an atmosphere of carbon monoxide for 5 hours. The mixture is concentrated, diluted with water, and thoroughly washed with dichloromethane. The combined organic extracts are then washed with 10% aqueous HCl, saturated aqueous NaHCO.sub.3, dried, and concentrated to a dark oil. Chromatography of the oil on silica gel (15% EtOAc in hexane) affords 3-methoxy-17-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene.
(iii) 3-Methoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene
3-Methoxy-17-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene (17.5 mmol) dissolved in 125 ml EtOAc and 45 ml ethanol is hydrogenated over platinum oxide (800 mg) at 1 atm. for 3 hours. The catalyst is removed by filtration and the filtrate concentrated to yield 3-methoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene.
(iv) Estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
To a 0.degree. C. solution of 3-methoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene (4.8 g, 12 mmol) in dichloromethane (150 ml) is added a dichloromethane solution of boron tribromide (45 ml, 1M, 45 mmol). The resulting solution is stirred at 0.degree. C., for 2 hours and then at 25.degree. C. for 30 minutes. After cooling back to 0.degree. C., methanol (50 ml) is added carefully and the volatiles were then removed in vacuo. The residue is redissolved in dichloromethane and washed with water, dried, treated with silica gel and charcoal, filtered and concentrated. Trituration of the residue with acetone affords 4.7 g (98%) of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) as a white solid.
(v) Estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-acetoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
A solution of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (4.7 g, 12.3 mmol) in 100 ml pyridine is treated with 70 ml acetic anhydride for 18 hours. The reaction mixture is poured into ice water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extract is washed with 10% aqueous HCl, water, brine, and concentrated to afford 5.2 g (100%) of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-acetoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide).
(vi) 6-Oxo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-acetoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide
To a solution of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-acetoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (5 g, 12 mmol) in 17 ml glacial acetic acid is added a solution of chromium trioxide (3.5 g) in 23 ml acetic acid and 4 ml water. After stirring for 18 hours, ethanol (20 ml) is added and the resulting mixture is extracted with ethyl ether. The ethereal extract is washed with water, saturated aqueous NaHCO.sub.3, dried over sodium sulfate, and concentrated. Chromatography (silica gel, 25% EtOAc in hexane) affords 400 mg (8%) of 6-oxo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-acetoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide ), m.p. 223.degree.-224.degree. C. (recrystallized from methanol).
(vii) Estr-1.3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropyl-carboxamide)
A suspension of 6-oxo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-acetoxy-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide ) (400 mg, 0.9 mmol) in 40 ml methanol at 15.degree. C. is treated with 800 mg of NaBH.sub.4 for 1 hour. HCl (3.5 ml) and water (3.5 ml) are added and the resulting mixture is cooled, diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The organic extract is washed with water and brine, and dried and concentrated to a solid. Chromatography (silica gel, 5% EtOAc in methylene chloride) affords 200 mg (58%) of estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide), m.p. 276.degree.-279.degree. C.
(viii) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropropylcarboxamide)-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr -1,3,5(10),6-tetraene
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (v) by substituting estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) for estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide).
(ix) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene 3-phosphonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (vi and vii) by substituting 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1, 3,5(10),6-tetraene for 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisoprop ylcarboxamide) in Example 1 (vi) and subsequently, proceeding with the step of Example 1 (vii).
EXAMPLE 9
Estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one-3-phosphonic Acid
(i) 3-(Trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one
Estrone is dissolved in dichloromethane, cooled to 0.degree., and treated with 2,6-lutidine and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride for two hours. Aqueous workup yields 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one.
(ii) Estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one-3-phosphonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (vi and vii) by substituting 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17-one in Example 1 (vi) for 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisoprop ylcarboxamide) and subsequently proceeding with the step of Example 1 (vii).
EXAMPLE 10
2',3'-Tetrahydrofuran-2'-spiro-17-(1,3,5(10)-estratriene-3-phosphonic Acid)
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (iv through vii) by substituting 2',3'.alpha.-tetrahydrofuran-2'-spiro-17-(3-methoxy-1,3,5-estratriene), prepared according to Arth (J. Med. Chem. 6 617-618 (1963)), for 3-methoxy-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide).
EXAMPLE 11
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),9(11)-tetraene-3-phosp honic Acid
(i) Estr-1,3,5(10),9(11)-tetraene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
A solution of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (380 mg, 1 mmol) in 10 ml dioxane is treated with 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (250 mg, 1.1 mmol) for two hours. The reaction mixture is diluted with ethyl acetate, washed with saturated aqueous NaHCO.sub.3, dried, and concentrated. Chromatography of the residue yields estr-1,3,5(10),9(11)-tetraene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide).
(ii) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),9(11)-tetraene-3-phos phonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (v, vi, vii) by substituting estr-1,3,5(10),9(11)-tetraene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) in Example 1 (v) for estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) and subsequently proceeding with the steps of Example 1 (vi and vii).
EXAMPLE 12
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosp honic Acid and 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
(i) 2-Bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) a nd 4-Bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
A solution of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (1.85 g, 4.82 mmol) in 185 ml of warm acetic acid is cooled to 20.degree. C. and 4.48 ml (4.82 mmol) of a 1.08M solution of bromine in acetic acid is added slowly. After stirring at ambient temperature for 5 min., the reaction mixture is poured into ice water and extracted twice with dichloromethane. The combined dichloromethane extracts are washed twice with water, dried over anhydrous MgSO.sub.4 and concentrated. Chromatography (silica gel, 2% followed by 5% ether in dichloromethane) affords 0.39 g of 2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) and 0.75 g of 4-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide).
(ii) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-bromo-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate) -estr-1,3,5(10)-triene and 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate) -estr-1,3,5(10)-triene
A solution of 2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (0.393 g, 0.850 mmol) in dichloromethane (20 ml) is cooled with an ice bath and treated successively with lutidine (0.149 ml, 1.275 mmol), 4-dimethylaminopyridine (20.8 mg, 0.17 mmol) and trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride (0.214 ml, 1.275 mmol). The reaction mixture is stirred at room temperature for two hours and then concentrated at ambient temperature. The residue is treated with ether and 10% HCl, then the organic layer is washed with water followed by 5% NaHCO.sub.3, dried and concentrated to yield 0.481 g (95%) of 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-bromo-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate) -estr-1,3,5(10)-triene.
Substitution of 4-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) for 2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) affords 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate) -estr-1,3,5(10)-triene.
(iii) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid and 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
Substitution of 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-bromo-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate) -estr-1,3,5(10)-triene for 3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisoprop ylcarboxamide) as in Example 1 (vi through vii) yields 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid.
Substitution of 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethylsulfonate) -estr-1,3,5(10)-triene for 3-(tri-fluoromethylsulfonate)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopro pylcarboxamide) as in Example 1 (vi through vii) yields 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid.
EXAMPLE 13
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2,4-dibromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-p hosphonic Acid
(i) 2,4-Dibromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamid e)
The title compound is prepared according to Example 12(i) by reacting estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) with 2.0 equivalents of bromine.
(ii) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2,4-dibromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3- phosphonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 12 (ii and iii) by substituting 2,4-dibromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamid e) for 2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) for 2-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide).
EXAMPLE 14
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-cyano-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosp honic Acid and 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-cyano-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
(i) Dimethyl 2-Cyano-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate
A mixture of dimethyl 2-bromo-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate (0.0658 mmol), copper(I) cyanide (10.6 mg, 0.118 mmol) and N-methylpyrrolidinone (1.0 ml) are heated in an oil bath at 180.degree. C. under an argon atmosphere for one hour. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature and treated with an aqueous solution of ethylene diamine, then extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extracts are washed once with a 10% aqueous solution of sodium cyanide and twice with water. Concentration yields dimethyl 2-cyano-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate.
(ii) Dimethyl 4-Cyano-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate
A mixture of dimethyl 4-bromo-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate (0.272 mmol), copper (I) cyanide (43.8 mg, 0.489 mmol) and N-methylpyrrolidinone (1.5 ml) are heated in an oil bath at 180.degree. C. under an argon atmosphere for one hour. The reaction mixture is cooled to room temperature and treated with an aqueous solution of ethylene diamine, then extracted twice with ethyl acetate. The ethyl acetate extracts are washed once with a 10% aqueous solution of sodium cyanide and twice with water. Concentration followed by chromatography (silica gel, 10% ether in dichloromethane) yields dimethyl 4-cyano-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate.
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-cyano-estr-1,3,5-(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid and 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-cyano-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
Substitution of dimethyl 2-cyano-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate for dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonate as in Example 1 (vii) yields 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-cyano-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid.
Substitution of dimethyl 4-cyano-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonate for dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonate as in Example 1 (vii) yields 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-cyano-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid.
EXAMPLE 15
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-formyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
(i) Dimethyl 2-Formyl-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonate
The title compound is prepared by reaction of dimethyl -cyano-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosp honate with Raney nickel alloy and formic acid according to the procedure of Staskun (J. Chem. Soc. 5880 (1964)).
(ii) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-formyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonic Acid
Substitution of dimethyl 2-formyl-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonate for dimethyl 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonate as in Example 1 (vii) yields the title compound.
EXAMPLE 16
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-fluoro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid and 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-fluoro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonic Acid
The title compounds are prepared according to Example 1 by substituting methyl 2-fluoro-estrone and methyl 4-fluoro-estrone (prepared according to the procedures described by Neeman, J. Chem. Soc. Perkin I 2297 (1972) and J. Chem. Soc. Perkin I 2300 (1972)) for methyl estrone.
EXAMPLE 17
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-1-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosp honic Acid
(i) 4-Nitro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
A solution of estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (141 mg, 0.368 mmol) in boiling acetic acid (7 mL) is slowly cooled to 75.degree. C. and treated with a solution of concentrated nitric acid (24.8 .mu.L) in water (1.4 mL) containing a catalytic amount of sodium nitrite. The reaction mixture is allowed to slowly cool to room temperature, then is diluted with water and extracted with ethyl acetate. The extract is washed thoroughly with water, dried, concentrated and purified by chromatography (silica gel, dichloromethane containing 5 to 10% ether) affording 55.2 mg (35%, mp 143.5.degree.-144.5.degree. C.) of 2-nitro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) and 32.2 mg (20%, mp 239.degree.-241.degree. C.) of 4-nitro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide).
(ii) 3-Methoxy-4-nitro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxami de)
A mixture of 4-nitro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) (0.407 mmol), dimethyl sulfate (76.9 ml, 0.814 mmol), powdered anhydrous potassium carbonate (112 mg, 0.814 mmol) and acetone (10 ml) is refluxed under an argon atmosphere for 1.25 hours. The cooled reaction mixture is diluted with water and extracted with dichloromethane. The dichloromethane extract is washed with water, dried and concentrated to yield the title compound.
(iii) 1-Bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)
The title compound is prepared according to the method of Hylarides (J. Org. Chem. 49, 2744(1984)) by substituting 3-methoxy-4-nitro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxami de) for 4-nitro-methyl estrone.
(iv) 17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-1-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic Acid
The title compound is prepared according to Example 1 (v, vi and vii) by substituting 1-bromo-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) in Example 1 (v) for estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-ol-17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide) and subsequently proceeding with the steps of Example 1 (vi and vii).
EXAMPLE 18
An oral dosage form for administering Formula (I) compounds is produced by screening, mixing, and filling into hard gelatin capsules the ingredients in the proportions shown in Table II, below.
EXAMPLE 19
The sucrose, calcium sulfate dihydrate and Formula (I) compound shown in Table III below, are mixed and granulated in the proportions shown with a 10% gelatin solution. The wet granules are screened, dried, mixed with the starch, talc and stearic acid, screened and compressed into a tablet.
EXAMPLE 20
17.beta.-(N,N-Diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphon ic acid hydrochloride, 75 mg, is dispersed in 25 ml of normal saline to prepare an injectable preparation.
While the preferred embodiments of the invention are illustrated by the above, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise instructions herein disclosed and that the right to all modifications coming within the scope of the following claims is reserved.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A compound represented by the formula: ##STR16## in which: the B, C, and D rings have optional double bonds where indicated by the broken lines, provided that the C ring does not have a double bond when the B ring has a C.sub.8 -C.sub.9 double bond, and provided that the D ring does not have a C.sub.16 -C.sub.17 double bond when R represents two substituents or a divalent substituent; X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are any accessible combination of H, Cl, F, Br, I, CF.sub.3, or C.sub.1-6 alkyl, OH, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, CN, NO.sub.2, N(R.sup.1).sub.2, CHO, or CO.sub.2 R.sup.1 ; R.sup.1 each independently is H or C.sub.1-8 alkyl; and R is (1) .alpha.-hydrogen, .alpha.-hydroxyl, or .alpha.-acetoxy and/or (a) ##STR17## where W is a bond or C.sub.1-12 alkyl, and R.sup.2 is (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C.sub.1-8 alkyl, (iv) hydroxy C.sub.1-8 alkyl, (v) C.sub.1-18 alkoxy, (vi) N(R.sup.3).sub.2, where each R.sup.3 is independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl; or both R.sup.3 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached represent a 5-6 member saturated ring comprising up to one other heteroatom selected from oxygen and nitrogen, or (vii) OR.sup.4, where R.sup.4 is alkali metal or benzyl, or (b) --Alk--OR.sup.5, where Alk is C.sub.1-12 alkyl, and R.sup.5 is (i) phenyl C.sub.1-6 alkylcarbonyl, (ii) C.sub.5-10 cycloalkylcarbonyl, (iii) benzoyl, (iv) C.sub.1-8 alkoxycarbonyl, (v) aminocarbonyl or C.sub.1-8 alkyl substituted aminocarbonyl, or (vi) C.sub.1-8 alkyl, (2) .dbd.CH--W--CO--R.sup.2 or .dbd.H--W--OR.sup.5, where W is a bond or C.sub.1-12 alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 have the same meaning as above and R.sup.5 also is C.sub.1-20 alkylcarbonyl; (3) ##STR18## where the dashed bond replaces the 17-.alpha.-hydrogen, (4) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-NHCOR.sup.6 where R.sup.6 is C.sub.1-12 alkyl or .beta.-N(R.sup.3).sub.2 where R.sup.3 has the same meaning as above, (5) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-cyano, (6) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-tetrazolyl, or (7) keto: or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
2. A compound of claim 1 having the following formula: ##STR19## in which: the B and D rings have optional double bonds where indicated by the broken lines, provided that the 17.alpha.-hydrogen is not present when the C.sub.16 -C.sub.17 double bond is present; X.sup.4, X.sup.5, and X.sup.6 are H; R.sup.7 is (a) CH(CH.sub.3)CH.sub.2 OR.sup.1, or (b) CON(R.sup.1).sub.2 and R.sup.1 each independently is H or C.sub.1-8 alkyl; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.
3. A compound of claim 2 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof.
4. A compound of claim 2 that is 17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof.
5. A compound of claim 2 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phospho nic acid or a salt thereof.
6. A compound of claim 2 that is 17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof.
7. A compound of claim 2 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6,8-pentaene-3-phosph onic acid or a salt thereof.
8. A compound of claim 2 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-phosphon ic acid or a salt thereof.
9. A compound of claim 1 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonic acid or a salt thereof.
10. A compound of claim 1 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonic acid or a salt thereof.
11. A compound of claim 1 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonic acid or a salt thereof.
12. A compound of claim 1 that is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-pho sphonic acid or a salt thereof.
13. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a suitable pharmaceutical carrier and a compound of claim 1.
14. A composition of claim 13 wherein the compound is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof.
15. A composition of claim 13 wherein the compound is 17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 1.beta. -(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphon ic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6,8-pentaene-3-phospho nic acid or a salt thereof, or 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-phosphoni c acid or a salt thereof.
16. A method of inhibiting steroid 5-.alpha.-reductase activity in a subject that comprises administering internally to the subject an effective therefor amount of a compound of claim 1.
17. A method of claim 16 wherein the compound is 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof.
18. A method of claim 16 wherein the compound is 17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-methyl-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-2-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-4-chloro-estr-1,3,5(10)-triene-3-phos phonic acid or a salt thereof, 1.beta. -(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphon ic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N-tert-butylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),16-tetraene-3-phosphonic acid or a salt thereof, 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6,8-pentaene-3-phospho nic acid or a salt thereof, or 17.beta.-(N,N-diisopropylcarboxamide)-estr-1,3,5(10),6-tetraene-3-phosphoni c acid or a salt thereof.
19. A method of reducing or maintaining prostate size in a subject that comprises administering to a subject an effective therefor amount of a compound of claim 1.
20. A method of treating baldness in a subject that comprises administering to a subject an effective therefor amount of a compound of claim 1.
21. A method of treating acne in a subject that comprises administering to a subject an effective therefor amount of a compound of claim 1.
22. A method of treating hirsutism in a subject that comprises administering to a subject an effective therefor amount of a compound of claim 1.
23. A compound of the formula ##STR20## in which: the B, C, and D rings have optional double bonds where indicated by the broken lines, provided that the C ring does not have a double bond when the B ring has a C.sub.8 -C.sub.9 double bond, and provided that the D ring does not have a C.sub.16 -C.sub.17 double bond when R represents two substituents or a divalent substituent; X.sup.1, X.sup.2, and X.sup.3 are any accessible combination of H, Cl, F, Br, I, CF.sub.3, or C.sub.1-6 alkyl, OH, C.sub.1-6 alkoxy, CN, NO.sub.2, N(R.sup.1).sub.2, CHO, or CO.sub.2 R.sup.1 ; R.sup.1 each independently is H or C.sub.1-8 alkyl; and R is (1) .alpha.-hydrogen, .alpha.-hydroxyl, or .alpha.-acetoxy and/or (a) ##STR21## where W is a bond or C.sub.1-12 alkyl, and R.sup.2 is (i) hydrogen, (ii) hydroxyl, (iii) C.sub.1-8 alkyl, (iv) hydroxy C.sub.1-8 alkyl, (v) C.sub.1-18 alkoxy, (vi) N(R.sup.3).sub.2, where each R.sup.3 is independently selected from hydrogen, C.sub.1-8 alkyl, C.sub.3-6 cycloalkyl, phenyl; or both R.sup.3 taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached represent a 5-6 member saturated ring comprising up to one other heteroatom selected from oxygen and nitrogen, or (vii) OR.sup.4, where R.sup.4 is alkali metal or benzyl, or (b) --Alk--OR.sup.5, where Alk is C.sub.1-12 alkyl, and R.sup.5 is (i) phenyl C.sub.1-6 alkylcarbonyl, (ii) C.sub.5-10 cycloalkylcarbonyl, (iii) benzoyl, (iv) C.sub.1-8 alkoxycarbonyl, (v) aminocarbonyl or C.sub.1-8 alkyl substituted aminocarbonyl, or (vi) C.sub.1-8 alkyl, (2) .dbd.CH--W--CO--R.sup.2 or .dbd.CH--W--OR.sup.5, where W is a bond or C.sub.1-12 alkyl and R.sup.2 and R.sup.5 have the same meaning as above and R.sup.5 also is C.sub.1-20 alkylcarbonyl; (3) ##STR22## where the dashed bond replaces the 17-.alpha.-hydrogen, (4) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-NHCOR.sup.6 where R.sup.6 is C.sub.1-12 alkyl or .beta.-N(R.sup.3).sub.2 where R.sup.3 has the same meaning as above, (5) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-cyano, (6) .alpha.-hydrogen and .beta.-tetrazolyl, or (7) keto; and R.sup.9 is C.sub.1-4 alkyl provided that said compound is not diethyl estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-17-one-3-phosphonate.
24. A compound of claim 23, wherein R.sup.9 is methyl.
Non-Patent Literature (1)
- J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1987; 109; pp. 2831-2833; Petrakis et al.