US 4,852,600 AGrant
Air Actuated Valve System With Seismic Controller
Issue Date:1989-08-01
•8 Claims
•2 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
An air actuated valve system for shutting off fluid flow in a fluid conduit includes a seismic valve disposed in a seismic air circuit which is coupled to a primary air circuit. The primary air circuit delivers air at a high pressure to an air driven actuator which maintains a shut off valve in a fluid conduit in an open position. The high air pressure flows through an air switch which is operationally open and coupled to the seismic air circuit such that when the seismic valve is closed a pilot air pressure is prevented from flowing to the air switch. In the absence of the pilot air pressure, air pressure is bled from the air switch, causing the air switch to move from an open to a closed position, thus preventing air from flowing to the air actuator.
Metadata
Assignees
- Andrene Associates
- Asbra; Martin R.
Inventors
- Martin R. Asbra
- Andrew F. Asbra
- Nicholas J. Bovis
- Charles W. Greer
Application Information
Application Number:US 2548720
Filing Date:1988-10-07
Priority Date:1988-10-07
Art Unit:347
Classifications
IPC:
F16K 1736
Field of Search:
13725138;39;46;55729
Patent Drawings (2 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates generally to fluid activated valve systems, and more particularly, to an air actuated valve system having an integrated seismic control circuit.
2. Description of the Related Art
Seismic valves which are used to shut off fluid flow upon experiencing a predetermined level of seismic activity are generally known. Where there is a high probability of seismic disturbances, such as earthquakes, seismic valves are necessary to prevent the release of hazardous and/or flammable substances such as natural gas and LPG.
One such seismic valve is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,745,939 to Greer et al. The seismic valve is a pin supported gate valve having a gas-tight reset system. The seismic sensing component of the valve actuates shut off means when subjected to a predetermined amount and type of horizontal sinusoidal oscillation.
Although the seismic valve described above is effective for shutting off fluid flow, the valve is normally installed in a gas line between a meter and an associated structure. Due to the placement of the seismic valve directly in the fluid conduit, limitations are imposed upon the size of the conduit and the type of materials handled by the conduit.
Summary of the Invention
An object of the present invention is to provide an air actuated valve systems which is controlled by a seismic valve.
Another object of the present invention is to control a shut off valve disposed in a fluid conduit with a seismically actuated air switch.
In a preferred embodiment, an air actuated valve system for shutting off fluid flow in fluid conduit includes a fluid shut off valve for placement in the fluid conduit, an air driven actuator, connected to the fluid shut off valve, for moving the fluid shut off valve between open and closed positions, a primary air circuit, in fluid communication with the air driven actuator, for supplying air to the air driven actuator at a pressure sufficient to maintain the fluid shut off valve in the open position, an air switch disposed in the primary air circuit upstream of the air driven actuator and being movable between open and closed positions, and seismic control means, connected to the air switch, for shutting off air to the air driven actuator in response to a predetermined level of seismic activity.
Preferably, the seismic control means includes a seismic air circuit, in fluid communication with the primary air circuit and the air switch, for supplying air to the air switch at a pressure sufficient to maintain the air switch in the open position, and a seismic valve disposed in the seismic air circuit for shutting off air supplied to the air switch in response to a predetermined level of seismic activity, thereby causing the air switch to close and thus the shut off valve to close.
These objects, together with other objects and advantages which will be subsequently apparent reside in the details of construction and operation of the air actuated valve system as more fully hereinafter described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof, wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts throughout.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an air actuated valve system according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic, cross-sectional view, illustrating an air driven actuator used in the system of claim 1; and
FIGS. 3a and 3b are schematic, cross-sectional views illustrating an air switch used in the system of FIG. 1 in the open and closed positions, respectively.
Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiments
Referring now to FIG. 1, an air actuated valve system according to the present invention is generally referred to by the numeral 10. The system 10 includes an air source 12, such as an air compressor and storage tank. The air compressor is selected to provide a continuous air supply of about 100-200 psi. This pressure is regulated by a high pressure regulator 14 to reduce the pressure from the air source 12 to about 80-100 psi. Compressed air, preferably at about 90 psi is continuously supplied through pneumatic conduit from the air source 12, through the regulator 14 to an air driven actuator 16 coupled to a fluid shut off valve 18 movable in a fluid conduit 20.
The air driven actuator 16 is of a spring-return type in which air pressure coming into the actuator opposes a spring force which normally biases the valve 18 in a closed position. When air enters the actuator 16 at a sufficient level of pressure to overcome the spring force, an element, such as a shaft, within the actuator 16 is driven by the air pressure to rotate or otherwise move the valve 18 from a closed position to an open position. Thus, as long as the actuator 16 is supplied with air at a pressure level sufficient to overcome the spring force, the fluid shut off valve 18 will be maintained in an open position. When the air pressure is removed, the valve 18 closes due to the spring force. Air driven actuators of this type are generally known and commercially available. An example is a series 39 spring-return actuator sold by Worcester Controls, Marlborough, Mass.
The high pressure regulator 14 is equipped with a gauge 15 which is used to monitor the regulated air pressure.
The air source 12, the high pressure regulator 14 and the pneumatic conduit which connects the air source and regulator to the air actuator 16 constitute a primary air circuit which communicates air from the source 12 to the air driven actuator 16 at high pressure. An air switch 22, which acts as a control valve, is disposed in the primary air circuit upstream of the air driven actuator 16 and downstream of the high pressure regulator 14. The air switch 22 is movable between open and closed positions by seismic control means which shuts off air to the air driven actuator 16 in response to a predetermined level of seismic activity. Basically, the seismic control means actuates the air switch 22, shutting off the supply of air in the primary air circuit to the air drive actuator 16.
The seismic control means includes a seismic air circuit, in fluid communication with the primary air circuit, which receives air from the high pressure regulator 14 and delivers a "pilot" air pressure to the air switch 22. A low pressure regulator or pilot regulator 24 reduces the pressure in the seismic air circuit to about 10-15 psi. A gauge 26 is coupled to the pilot regulator to faciliate monitoring of pilot pressure.
A seismic valve 28 allows pilot air pressure to flow through pneumatic conduit to the air switch 22. In the presence of a predetermined level of seismic activity, the seismic valve is actuated to shut off the flow of pilot air to the air switch 22, thereby causing the air switch to switch from an ON position to an OFF position to prevent air in the primary air circuit from flowing to the air actuator 16. A bleed port 30 is disposed between the seismic valve 28 and the air switch 22 such that when the seismic valve closes, the bleed port 30 depletes the pilot pressure applied to the air switch 22, thereby de-activating the air switch which, in turn, shuts off the shut off valve 18.
An electrical component of the system includes a warning indicator which indicates failure of an external air supply or air compressor. The reserve in the air source 12, such as an air tank, will gradually decrease due to the small bleed port 30. An OK light 32 is illuminiated on a front panel so long as sufficient air pressure remains in the primary air circuit. The air actuator 16 can continue to hold the shut off valve 18 in an open position until the pressure drops to a predetermined level as, for example, 70.+-.30 psi. Therefore, the front panel includes a warning horn 34 which sounds when pressure drops below a predetermined threshold level. Since it may take about one hour for pressure to fail to a predetermined level, this will enable the operators to have sufficient time to correct the malfunctioning air source.
The electrical component of the system provides local and remote alarms both AC and DC powered, and separate indicators notify that the system is operational, or has a fault, such as low air supply or low battery.
A manual solenoid remote shut off 36 is coupled to a remote control circuit so as to provide a manual remote control shut off capability.
The electrical component further includes a trickle-charged storage battery 38, air pressure switches 40, 42 and 44, toggle switches 1-A, 1-B, 2-A, and 2-B which provide alarm control and DC power, and indicator lamps and horns for actuator of warning signals and indicating system status.
Any fault in the electrical circuit, including complete power loss, will not effect the pneumatic operation of the system. An operational alarm connection may be made to the security or night alarm system of the installation site. Also, assuming system activation due to earthquake or nearby explosion, the alarms may be shut off by moving toggle switches to their OFF position according to the following table.
When resetting the system after a seismic event, it is preferable to first perform a damage and leak check of the protective area. Then, the seismic valve is reset by pulling upward on a reset ring and then down to reset the gate/actuator on its pin at the top of the chamber. This structure is fully described in U.S Pat. No. 4,207,912, which is incorporated herein by reference.
An example of air driven actuator 16 and shut off valve 18 is illustrated in FIG. 2. Air under high pressure enters the actuator 16 from one end thereof and, through a gear mechanism, causes a ball element of a ball valve to rotate to the open position illustrated in FIG. 2. The gear mechanism is a piston-actuated rack and pinion gear system which produces a torque for rotating the valve. A spring 16a opposes piston movement imparted by air pressure such that when air pressure is removed, the spring causes the piston to return to its original position in which the ball valve is in a closed state. Any other type of air actuator and valve combination can be used so long as a spring-return mechanism causes the valve to close when air is removed. Such an alternative embodiment may include a pneumatic actuator which has a piston-type assembly wherein a cam-shaped lever is driven by a piston-operated slide to produce a torque for rotating a valve through its opening and closing cycles. This type of actuator is available from Worcester Controls. Moreover, the penumatic actuator 16 may be used in combination with diverse types of valves such as ball valves, butterfly valves, gate valves, etc.
FIGS. 3a and 3b illustrate an exemplary air switch 22, which is in open position in FIG. 3a and closed in FIG. 3b. Referring to FIG. 3a, air from the primary air circuit, at a relatively high pressure, enters an inlet 22a of the air switch 22 and passes through an outlet 22b to the air driven actuator 16. In order for this to occur, a piston 22c is driven from right to left by pilot air pressure from the seismic air circuit which enters the air switch 22 from a right hand side at 22d. A spring 22e opposes movement of the piston 22c such that when the pilot air pressure is removed, such as when the seismic valve is actuated, the spring 22e returns the piston to its normally closed position illustrated in FIG. 3b. The piston 22c has two enlarged portions, one of which seats over the inlet 22a when the piston is in its original position shown in FIG. 3b. An exhaust port 22f, which is closed in FIG. 3a, becomes open when the spring returns the piston. Thus, incoming air under high pressure is blocked at the inlet 22a, and air downstream of the air switch 22 bleeds back through the air switch out the exhaust port 22f. This type of air switch is available from Numatics of Highland, Mich.
Although the invention has been described with respect to particular illustrative embodiments, it will be understood that variations and modifications may be made within the true spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims
What we claim is:
1. An air actuated valve system for shutting off fluid flow in a fluid conduit, comprising: a fluid shut off valve for placement in the fluid conduit; an air driven actuator, connected to the fluid shut off valve, for moving the fluid shut off valve between open and closed positions; a primary air circuit, in fluid communication with the air driven actuator, for supplying air to the air driven actuator at a pressure sufficient to maintain the fluid shut off valve in the open position; an air switch disposed in the primary air circuit upstream of the air driven actuator and being movable between open and closed positions; and seismic control means, connected to the air switch, for shutting off air to the air driven actuator in response to a predetermined level of seismic activity, said seismic control means comprising: a seismic air circuit, in fluid communication with the primary air circuit and the air switch, for supplying air to the air switch at a pressure sufficient to maintain the air switch in the open position, and a seismic valve disposed in the seismic air circuit for shutting off air supplied to the air switch in response to a predetermined level of seismic activity, thereby causing the air switch to close and thus the shut off valve to close.
2. An air actuated valve system according to claim 1, wherein the air driven actuator has a spring-return mechanism which moves the shut off valve to the closed position in the absence of air pressure.
3. An air actuated valve system according to claim 1, wherein the air switch includes a movable element movable between open and closed positions, and a spring-return mechanism for moving the movable element to the closed position in the absence of pilot air pressure.
4. An air actuated valve system according to claim 1, wherein the primary air circuit includes an air source, a high pressure regulator, and pneumatic conduit for connecting the air source to the air actuator through the high pressure regulator and through the air switch.
5. An air activated valve system according to claim 4, wherein the primary air circuit further includes a low air pressure warning system for indicating a condition of low air pressure in the primary air circuit.
6. An air actuated valve system according to claim 4, wherein the seismic air circuit includes a pilot air regulator, in fluid communication with the high pressure regulator, for reducing air pressure from a level regulated by the high pressure regulator to a lower pilot air pressure, a bleed port disposed between the seismic valve and the air switch for bleeding off residual pilot air pressure between the air switch and the seismic valve upon actuator of the seismic valve which actuator interdicts the pilot air pressure to the air switch, and pneumatic conduit for connecting the pilot air regulator to the high pressure regulator and to the seismic valve, and for connecting the seismic valve to the air switch through the bleed port.
7. An air actuated valve system according to claim 1, further comprising an electrical component for monitoring air pressure in the valve system and for indicating a warning signal when pressure falls to a predetermined level.
8. An air actuated valve system according to claim 7, wherein the electrical component further includes a test circuit for checking the operational status of the air actuated valve system.