US 4,762,606 AGrant
Mini Chip Carrier Slotted Array
Issue Date:1988-08-09
•9 Claims
•2 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A chip carrier array (10) is disclosed which includes interconnected chip carriers (11) separated from each other and from the substrate waste edge (25) by elongated slots (15) which define outer edges of the chip carriers (11). More particularly, each chip carrier (11) includes corners which are defined by the elongated slots (15). Each chip carrier (11) includes a plurality of electrically isolated edge interconnects (19) which wrap around edges defined by the elongated slots (15).
Metadata
Assignee
- Hughes Aircraft Company
Inventor
- Randolph E. Root
Application Information
Application Number:US 0164453
Filing Date:1987-02-18
Priority Date:1985-04-12
Art Unit:241
Classifications
IPC:
B65D 7302
Field of Search:
200328;332;532;538;602;620;634
Patent Drawings (2 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
The disclosed invention generally relates to mini chip carrier arrays, and is particularly directed to a mini chip carrier array wherein individual chip carriers are separated by elongated slots each of which accommodate a plurality of wrap-around edge interconnects for each adjacent chip carrier.
Integrated circuit chips utilized in complex hybrid circuits are often mounted on individual ceramic carriers. Typically, the ceramic carrier is bonded to the hybrid circuit motherboard by soldering the edge interconnects of the ceramic carrier to corresponding conductors on the motherboard.
Ceramic carriers are typically fabricated in unitary arrays wherein each chip carrier array includes a matrix of interconnected chip carriers. Each chip carrier includes a plurality of metallized wrap-around edge interconnects which pass through holes or slits formed along the boundaries between the individual chip carriers and along the chip carrier edges adjacent the substrate waste edge. In some arrays, each hole or slit between adjacent chip carriers accommodates two wrap-around edge interconnects, one from each adjacent chip carrier, while each hole or slit adjacent the substrate waste edge accommodates a single wrap-around edge interconnect for the adjacent chip carrier. In other arrays, a separate hole or slit is provided for each wrap around interconnect.
Typically, the wrap-around edge interconnects are applied by silk screen printing and vacuum pull-through techniques. For arrays having holes or slits between adjacent carriers for accommodating two edge interconnects, the edge interconnects are applied by shared metallization. However, in order to maintain electrical isolation between edge interconnects sharing the same hole or slit, the size of the hole or slit has to be sufficiently large to avoid a short circuit in the metallization process. Thus, the minimum spacing between edge interconnects of an individual chip carrier is limited by a minimum hole or slit size and the necessary spacing between adjacent holes or slits. Such limitation in turn limits the minimum chip carrier size.
The electrical isolation referred to above allows for electrical testing of the entire chip carrier array prior to separation of the array into individual chip carriers. Of course, if such testing is not necessary, then smaller holes or slits could be tolerated to achieve closer spacing of the edge interconnects. However, separation of the array into individual chip carriers could cause damage to the chip carriers having short circuited edge interconnects.
The arrays wherein each edge interconnect has its own hole or slit allows for closer spacing, but the minimum spacing is still limited since metallization within a hole or slit becomes more difficult as its size decreases. Moreover, the production of such a chip carrier array is more complex and expensive.
A further disadvantage of known chip carrier arrays is that corners of individual chip carriers randomly break when the array is separated into individual chip carriers. Such breaking typically damages edge interconnects, thereby rendering useless each chip carrier having a damaged conductor. To the extent that integrated circuit chips are mounted on the chip carriers prior to separation of the chip carrier array, a damaged chip carrier also results in a wasted integrated circuit.
Another disadvantage of known chip carrier arrays is the high cost of production resulting from (1) the necessary laser fabrication of numerous through holes or slits, (2) the difficulty of inspecting individual chip carriers, and/or (3) the reduced yield caused by breakage.
Summary of the Invention
It would therefore be an advantage to provide a chip carrier array which allows for reduced minimum spacing between edge interconnects.
It would also be an advantage to provide a chip carrier array which provides for reduced minimum spacing between edge interconnects and reliable electrical isolation of the edge interconnects.
Another advantage would be to provide a chip carrier array which provides for reduced minimum spacing between edge interconnects and allows for electrical testing of the entire array with integrated circuits mounted on the chip carriers.
Still another advantage would be to provide a chip carrier array which allows for separation of individual chip carriers with reduced breakage.
A further advantage would be to provide a chip carrier array which is easier to inspect visually.
It would also be an advantage to provide a chip carrier array which is less complex and less expensive to manufacture.
The foregoing and other advantages and purposes are provided by the invention which includes a chip carrier array having interconnected chip carriers separated from each other and from the substrate waste edge by elongated slots which define outer edges of the chip carriers. More particularly, each chip carrier includes corners which are defined by the elongated slots. Each chip carrier includes a plurality of electrically isolated edge interconnects which wrap around edges defined by the elongated slots.
Brief Description of the Drawings
The advantages and features of the disclosed invention will readily be appreciated by persons skilled in the art from the following detailed description when read in conjunction with the drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a section of a chip carrier array made in accordance with the invention.
FIG. 2 is a detailed partial perspective view of four adjacent chip carriers of the chip carrier array section of FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view through an edge interconnect of the chip carrier of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a top plan view illustrating the shared metallization for making the edge interconnects of the chip carrier of the invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic top plan view of the substrate of the chip carrier array of the invention.
Detailed Description
In the following detailed description and in the several figures of the drawing, like elements are identified with like reference numerals.
Referring now to FIG. 1, shown therein is a perspective view of a section of the chip carrier array 10 of the invention which is formed on a ceramic substrate 20. The chip carrier array 10 includes a plurality of chip carriers 11 which are interconnected to each other and to the substrate waste edge (shown in FIG. 4) by a plurality of support bridges 13. The chip carriers 11 are separated from each other and from the substrate waste edge by elongated slots 15 which extend from the support bridges 13 beyond each corner of an adjacent chip carrier 11.
Each chip carrier 11 includes a centrally located die pad 17 for accepting an integrated circuit chip (not shown). As is well known, the die pad 17 is a conductive region which may be formed by thick film metallization. Each chip carrier 11 further includes a plurality of metallized edge interconnects 19 which wrap around the edges defined by the elongated slots 15. As particularly shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, each edge interconnect 19 extends slightly on the top and bottom surfaces of its associated chip carrier 11. By way of example, the edge interconnects 19 are metallized by silk screen printing and vacuum pull through techniques.
A metallized wire bond interconnect 21 is conductively attached to each edge interconnect 19. For ease of reference, only a few wire bond interconnects 21 are shown. As is well known, an integrated circuit chip is mounted to each chip carrier 11 over the die pad 17. Wire bond connections (not shown) are then made between the integrated circuit leads and the wire bond interconnects 21.
The structure of the elongated slots 15 are more readily understood with reference to FIG. 4 which schematically shows the substrate 20 on which the chip carrier array 10 is formed. The ceramic substrate 20 includes chip carrier regions 23 which provide the substrates for the individual chip carriers 11. The chip carrier regions 23 are interconnected by the support bridges 13. Particularly, each side of each chip carrier region 23 is connected to another chip carrier region 23 or to a waste edge 25 by a support bridge 13 which is centrally located on such side.
The individual chip carrier regions 23 are separated from each other or from the waste edge 25 by the elongated slots 15 which extend from the support bridges 13. The elongated slots 15 extend beyond the corners of the chip carrier regions 23, which facilitates separation of the individual chip carriers 11. Thus, each elongated slot 15 intersects another elongated slot 15, and each such intersection defines a corner of one or more chip carrier regions 23.
The foregoing described chip carrier array 10 can be fabricated as follows. The planar ceramic substrate 20 is provided in an appropriate size. The chip carrier regions 23 are defined by forming the elongated slots 15 by laser cutting or other suitable process, thereby leaving the support bridges 13 so that the chip carrier regions 23 remain interconnected.
The edge interconnects 19 are then metallized. By way of example and with reference to FIG. 3, each edge interconnect 19 is formed by metallizing a top conductor 19a to wrap around from the top surface of a chip carrier 11 to part way down the side of the chip carrier 11. A bottom conductor 19b is then metallized to wrap around from the bottom surface to overlap the top conductor along the side of the chip carrier 11.
Specifically, the top conductor portions 19a for all the chip carriers 11 of the chip carrier array 10 are applied by shared metallization wherein each pair of opposite top conductor portions 19a of adjacent chip carrier regions 23 are silk screen printed as single strips of metallization paste, as shown by the continuous metallization strips 27 in FIG. 5. Application of a vacuum to the bottom of the elongated slots 15 breaks each metallization strip 27 and causes the metallization paste to wrap around the edges of the chip carrier. The top conductor portions 19a so applied are then dried and sintered.
The bottom conductor portions 19b can also be formed by the above-described shared metallization process. The amount of overlap between the top conductor portions 19a and 19b is controlled by the shape of the silk screened metallization strips 27, the constituents of the conductive paste, and the viscosity of the conductive paste.
The wire bond interconnects 21 are metallized by silk screen printing, drying and sintering. As mentioned previously, the die pad 17 may be applied by known thick film metallization techniques.
After the foregoing metallization procedures, integrated circuit chips are mounted over the die pads 17, and wire bond connections are made between the integrated circuit leads and the wire bond interconnects 21.
The chip carriers 11 are then separated from the array 10 by breaking the support bridges 13.
The foregoing described chip carrier array 10 provides significant advantages. As mentioned previously, the use of the elongated slots 15 to define the corners of the chip carriers 11 allows for easy and reliable separation.
The edge interconnects 19 can be formed using shared metallization and can be very closely spaced while maintaining electrical isolation between edge interconnects 19 of adjacent chip carriers 11. By way of example, 20 mil center to center spacing of the edge interconnects 19 has been achieved while maintaining electrical isolation. With known chip carrier arrays, electrical isolation could only be achieved by using larger holes or slits, which prevented close spacing of the edge interconnects.
The above described electrical isolation allows for testing of the chip carrier array 10 with mounted integrated circuit chips prior to separation of the array 10 into individual chip carriers 11. For example, a plurality of probes could be pressed into contact with the wrap around edge interconnects 19 on the bottom side of each chip carrier 11.
In addition to the above-described advantages of easy separation, shared metallization, and closer spacing of conductors, further advantages of the disclosed chip carrier array 10 include lower cost of production and less complexity in production. Further, the disclosed chip carrier array 10 is easier to inspect for defects.
A further feature of the disclosed invention is the chip carrier array substrate structure of FIG. 4 which may be readily provided as a product for use in making completed chip carriers.
Although the foregoing has been a description and illustration of specific embodiments of the invention, various modifications and changes thereto can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as defined by the following claims.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. A chip carrier array comprising: a planar ceramic substrate; and a plurality of individual chip carriers formed in said substrate and having outer edges defined by elongated slots which extend from a plurality of severable support bridges located along the sides of each of said chip carriers which maintain the individual chip carriers within the array, each of said plurality of chip carriers including corners which are defined by said elongated slots, each of said chip carriers comprising metallized edge interconnects.
2. The chip carrier array of claim 1 wherein said metallized edge interconnects extend from the top surface of said chip carrier around the edges formed by said elongated slots to the bottom surface thereof.
3. A chip carrier array comprising: a planar ceramic substrate; and a plurality of individual chip carriers formed in said substrate and having outer edges defined by elongated slots which extend from a plurality of severable support bridges located along the sides of each of said chip carriers which maintain the individual chip carriers within the array, each of said plurality of chip carriers including corners which are defined by said elongated slots, each of said chip carriers comprising metallized edge interconnects which extend from the top surface thereof around the edges formed by said elongated slots to the bottom surface thereof.
4. A chip carrier array comprising: a planar ceramic substrate; a plurality of interconnected chip carriers formed in said substrate having outer edges defined by elongated slots which define and extend beyond the corners of the chip carriers and which extend from a plurality of severable support bridges located along the sides of each of said chip carriers adapted to facilitate the separation of said plurality of chip carriers into individual chip carriers, each of said chip carriers comprising electrically isolated edge interconnects which wrap around edges defined by said elongated slots from the top surface to the bottom surface thereof.
5. A chip carrier array comprising: a planar ceramic substrate; a plurality of individual chip carriers formed in said substrate and having outer edges and corners defined by elongated slots which extend from a plurality of severable support bridges centrally located along the sides of said chip carriers which maintain the individual chip carriers within said array, each of said chip carriers having metallized edge interconnects which extend from the top surface thereof and wrap around the edges formed by said elongated slots to the bottom surface thereof.
6. The chip carrier array of claim 5 wherein each of said plurality of chip carriers include a metallized die pad disposed on one surface thereof adapted to receive a semiconductor chip.
7. The chip carrier of claim 6 wherein said die pad is comprised of a thick film material.
8. The chip carrier of claim 5 wherein said chip carriers further comprise wire bond interconnects disposed on at least one surface thereof and connected to said metallized edge interconnects.
9. A chip carrier array comprising: a planar ceramic substrate; a plurality of individual chip carriers formed in said substrate and having outer edges and corners defined by elongated slots which extend from a plurality of severable support bridges located along the sides of each of said chip carriers which maintain the individual chip carriers within said array, each of said chip carriers having overlapping metallized edge interconnects comprising a first metallization which extends from the top surface thereof and wraps around the edges formed by said elongated slots and extends a predetermined distance across said edges, and a second metallization which extends from the bottom surface thereof and wraps around the edges formed by said elongated slots and overlaps said first metallization to form a continuous edge metallization thereacross.