US 4,715,201 AGrant
Cylinder Lock With Removable Plug
Issue Date:1987-12-29
•4 Claims
•5 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A cylinder lock with a removable plug incorporates a series of spring biased combinating disc tumblers which cooperate with a first key in normal lock operation. An additional, unbiased control tumbler at the end of the plug cooperates with a retention flange associated with the cylinder to retain the plug against removal from the cylinder while permitting rotation of the plug in the cylinder. The control tumbler includes a notch for receipt of the first key as well as a second, plug removal key. The first key acts against one edge of the notch to displace the control tumbler into a position which ensures that the tumbler will remain engaged with the plug retention flange regardless of the orientation of the plug. The second key includes special bitting adapted to engage a separate second edge of the notch associated with the control tumbler to translate the control tumbler such that when the plug is rotated appropriately, the control tumbler is oriented to slide through an axial or longitudinal groove in the cylinder thus permitting removal of the plug from the cylinder. The lock can also be assembled from a reduced diameter cylindrical plug which cooperates with a two part cylinder that includes a passage to receive the plug and special shaped passages for cooperation with the combinating and locking tumblers.
Metadata
Assignee
- Valhi, Inc.
Inventor
- Clark E. Craig
Application Information
Application Number:US 8709408
Filing Date:1986-06-05
Priority Date:1984-11-08
Art Unit:358
Classifications
IPC:
E05B 2902
Field of Search:
70367;368;369;377;372-375;370
Patent Drawings (5 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
This invention relates to an improved cylinder lock construction having a plug which is removable by means of a proper pass key.
It has long been recognized that a cylinder lock having a removable plug is a desirable product. For example, one may remove the plug in order to substitute another plug having a different key bitting arrangement. Alternatively, the plug may need to be removed for repair. Various prior art patents teach such removable plug constructions including U.S. Pat. No. 4,398,405 issued Aug. 16, 1983 for a "Lock with Key Controlled Removable and Installable Plug and Key for Same" as well as U.S. Pat. No. 4,416,129 issued Nov. 22, 1983 for a "Cylinder Lock and Key Removable Plug". The text of the two patents referenced is incorporated by reference. The patents are believed typical of the prior art relating to the subject matter of the present invention.
With respect to both of the referenced patents, the removable plug includes a series of combinating tumblers in the form of disc tumblers which are spring biased into engagement with the cylinder to thereby lock the plug to the cylinder. The combinating tumblers may be translated to an unlocked position, permitting plug rotation relative to the cylinder, by insertion of a proper key that engages the combinating tumblers and moves them against the spring biasing force.
The removable plug also includes, typically, a control tumbler which is responsive to a special control key. The control tumbler is normally spring biased into an annular groove on the inside surface of the cylinder to prevent removal of the plug from the cylinder. Thus, the plug may be rotated but not removed. The control tumbler can be released from that groove or slot only when engaged and moved out of the groove by a particular control key. Insertion of the control key thus will move the control tumbler against the spring biasing force acting on that tumbler to effect removal of the tumbler from the annular groove and permitting consequent release of the plug from its associated cylinder.
The prior art teachings perform in a satisfactory manner. However, in the references identified, biasing means such as a spring is utilized to engage the control tumbler. In the event the spring breaks, the plug associated with the cylinder may be accidentally released. Additionally, the use of a spring in association with a control tumbler constitutes an extra part necessary for the operation of the lock.
The inventor has developed a removable plug, disc tumbler lock which eliminates the need for a spring biased control tumbler. The lock utilizes a cylindrical plug which may be inserted into a cylinder having a cylindrical passage for receipt of the plug. The external size or outside diameter of the cylinder for such a lock is often too great to be useful in certain applications. For example, filing cabinets often require a lock having relatively small external dimensions. One way to provide such a smaller lock is to merely make the plug, cylinder, tumblers and key smaller. However, this requires total retooling. Also, smaller tumblers are more difficult to handle during manufacture, and reduce the total number of key combinations practical compared with larger tumblers.
Thus, a need has developed for a combinating tumbler construction having smaller external dimensions which utilizes lock components from conventionally sized locks, particularly tumblers and associated keys. Moreover, such a lock should incorporate or retain all the features of conventional locks such as the capability of a removable plug. The present invention constitutes a construction which accomplishes this objective and other objectives.
Summary of the Invention
Briefly, the present invention is a lock having a cylinder with a removable plug that incorporates a series of spring biased combinating tumblers which project into engagement with the cylinder and which are cooperative with a first key for normal lock operation. Upon insertion into a key slot in the plug, the first key engages the combinating tumblers moving them to an unlocked position which disengages the tumblers from the cylinder and enables rotation of the plug within the cylinder. A latch attached at one end of the plug may thus be actuated by rotation of the plug.
An additional control tumbler at the rear end of the plug also cooperates with the first key and thus is positioned to engage a retention flange or circumferential groove in the cylinder to retain the plug and prevent plug removal from the cylinder while simultaneously permitting rotation of the plug in the cylinder. The control tumbler comprises a disc having a notch for receipt of the first key. The first key acts against one edge of the notch to displace the control tumbler into a position which ensures that the tumbler will remain engaged with the retention flange regardless of the orientation of the plug. The second plug removal key includes special bitting adapted to engage a separate, second edge of the notch of the control tumbler to translate the control tumbler into a position where, when the plug is rotated appropriately, the control tumbler is oriented to slide through a longitudinal groove on the inside surface of the cylinder thus permitting removal of the plug from the cylinder.
In sum, distinct edges of the notch associated with the control disc tumbler are engageable by separate keys depending upon whether the plug is to be removed or not. The necessity for a spring to bias the control tumbler is eliminated. Additionally, the control tumbler is appropriately sized and shaped to ensure that the plug is maintained within the cylinder at all times except when the appropriate control key is inserted into the plug, and the plug is oriented properly with respect to an axial or longitudinal groove in the cylinder.
As a further feature or second embodiment of the invention, the cylinder is fabricated from two component parts. The first part constitutes the main body of the cylinder and has an enlongated, generally oval cross section with a similarly shaped internal passage. The second part is a body insert which fits into the top of the internal passage in the main body. The plug rotatably fits within the passage defined by the interfitted main body and body insert. Longitudinal, arcuate slots are defined in the body insert to cooperate with the various tumblers thereby permitting rotation of the plug since the tumblers extend beyond the diameter of the plug during normal operation of the lock. Tumbler size and key size remain the same as similar prior art locks. However, the plug has smaller cross sectional dimensions as does the cylinder than similar prior art locks.
Thus, it is an object of the invention to provide an improved rotatable plug, cylinder lock having a removable plug cooperative with a special control key.
Still a further object of the invention is to provide a removable, rotatable plug cylinder lock having fewer parts than prior art locks of the same general kind.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved cylinder lock with a rotatable, removable plug that utilizes a series of spring biased combinating tumblers to cooperate with an operating key and an additional unbiased disc tumbler cooperative with a plug removal key and the operating key.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an improved plug removal assembly for a cylinder lock which is easy to manufacture, repair and replace.
Another object of the invention is to provide a removable plug for a cylinder lock which utilizes standard size disc tumblers cooperative with a standard size key in combination with a plug and cylinder assembly of reduced dimension.
Yet a further object of the invention is to provide a cylinder of reduced dimensions while retaining the advantages of a greater number of key combinations usually associated with larger cylinders.
These and other objects, advantages and features of the invention will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Brief Description of the Drawing
In the detailed description which follows, reference will be made to the drawing comprised of the following figures which relate to the lock developed by the inventor as the subject matter of the parent application:
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view of the improved cylinder lock of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side, cross sectional view of the plug and cylinder for the lock shown in FIG. 1 prior to the insertion of any key in to the plug;
FIG. 3 is an end cross sectional view taken substantially along the line 3--3 in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a side cross sectional view of the plug and cylinder similar to that shown in FIG. 2 wherein an operating or first key has been inserted into the plug;
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view taken substantially along the line 5--5 in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a vertical cross section of the lock shown in FIG. 4 wherein the plug has been rotated 90.degree. clockwise as viewed from the key insertion end of the plug;
FIG. 7 is a view similar to FIG. 6 wherein the key has been rotated 180.degree.;
FIG. 8 is a side cross sectional view similar to FIG. 2 wherein a special plug removal, change key or the second key has been inserted into the plug;
FIG. 9 is a vertical cross sectional view of FIG. 8 taken substantially along the line 9--9;
FIG. 10 is a cross sectional view similar to FIG. 9 wherein the key and associated plug have been rotated 90.degree. clockwise as viewed from the key insertion end;
FIG. 11 is a view similar to FIG. 10 wherein the plug and key have been rotated 180.degree. clockwise;
FIG. 12 is a plan view of a combinating tumbler;
FIG. 13 is a cross sectional view of the combinating tumbler taken substantially along the line 13--13 in FIG. 12;
FIG. 14 is a plan view of a control tumbler;
FIG. 15 is a vertical cross sectional of the control tumbler of FIG. 14 taken substantially along the line 15--15 in FIG. 14;
FIG. 16 is an exploded perspective view of a second embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 17 is a side plan view of the assembled second embodiment;
FIG. 18 is a cross sectional view of the cylinder of the second embodiment;
FIG. 19 is a cross sectional view of the cylinder of FIG. 18 taken along the line 19--19;
FIG. 20 is a cross sectional view of the cylinder of FIG. 18 taken along the line 20--20;
FIG. 21 is a side plan view of the body insert for the cylinder of FIG. 18;
FIG. 22 is a front plan view of the body insert for FIG. 21;
FIG. 23 is a cross sectional view of the insert of FIG. 21 taken along the line 23--23; and
FIG. 24 is a side cross sectional view of the insert of FIG. 21 taken along the line 24--24.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment
FIG. 1 is an exploded prespective view of a first embodiment of the improved cylinder lock of the present invention. The cylinder lock includes a cylinder, shell or housing 10 which is adapted to receive a plug 12. The plug 12 includes transverse slots 48a-e to receive, by way of example, a set of five combinating, disc tumblers 14a-e. The number of combinating tumblers is not a limitation of the invention. A control tumbler 18 is also received by the plug 12; however, the control tumbler 18 is not spring biased, but rather floats freely in a transverse slot 48f in the plug 12. The tumblers 14a-e and 18 are responsive to both a first normal operating key 20 and a second or change key 22. Either one of the keys 20 or 22 may be inserted into an appropriate key slot 46 (in FIG. 2) in the plug 12 in order to move tumblers 14a-e to the unlocked position thereby permitting rotation of the plug 12 within the cylinder 10.
The plug 12 includes a projecting stub 24 which acts as a drive stud or drive pin that cooperatively engages in a longitudinal slot 26 in a latch bar 28. Latch bar 28 is slidably positioned in a transverse channel 30 at the end of the cylinder 10. A keeper plate 32 retained by fasteners 34, for example, or by staking, holds the latch bar 28 in the channel 30 so that it will remain in proper engagement with the stud or drive pin 24. Thus, as the plug 12 is rotated by manipulation of key 20 or 22, the latch bar 28 will move in the channel 30 between a latched or locked position and an unlatched or unlocked position.
The subject matter of the present invention relates to a particular configuration and construction of the tumblers 14a-e and 18 as well as the keys 20 and 22 in combination with the plug 12 and the interior construction of the cylinder 10. The particular construction to be described permits rotation of the plug 12 by the first key 20 in the normal manner of a lock which is operated by a key. Using the second or change key 22, it is possible to move the control tumbler 18 within the plug 12 to a position that will enable the plug 12 to be rotated and then removed from the cylinder 10. Then a new plug 12 having a different combination can be replaced in the cylinder 10 or, alternatively, the removed plug 12 can be repaired for subsequent reinsertion into the cylinder 10.
The invention relates to the specific construction of the control tumbler 18, keys 20, 22, the plug 12, and the cylinder 10 so as to enable removal of the plug 12 from the cylinder 10 by use of the special, change key 22. FIGS. 2-15 illustrate in greater detail the specific internal construction of these described components in a first embodiment and how they are used in order to effect removal of the plug 12. FIGS. 16-24 illustrate a second embodiment which utilizes keys and tumblers having the same size as the first embodiment but with a dimensionally smaller plug and cylinder, thereby enabling use of the invention in confined space.
First Embodiment
FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate the internal longitudinal, cross sectional configuration of plug 12 when the plug 12 is positioned within the cylinder 10 and no key is inserted into the plug 12. The plug 12 has a generally constant diameter barrel 36 with a larger diameter, integral face plate 38 defining a flange to retain the plug 12 in the cylinder 10. The cylinder 10 has an internal bore 40 having a diameter slightly greater than that of the barrel 36 in order that the barrel 36 of the plug 12 may be rotatably received in the bore 40. The cylinder 10 also includes a counterbore 42 on its front face for receipt of the face plate 38 to limit translation of the plug 12 into the cylinder or housing 10.
The plug 12 defines a center line axis 44. A key slot 46 for receipt of either of the keys 20 or 22 extends along the axis 44 and intersects a series of six transverse slots or passages 48a-f which extend through the plug 12 generally transverse to the axis 44. The passages 48a-f are for receipt of tumblers 14a-f and 18 in serial order. Thus, passages 48a-e receive combinating tumblers 14a-e. Passage 48f receives the control tumbler 18. The passages 48a-f are all generally of the same size and shape and are equally spaced from one another. In the embodiment shown, the passages 48a-f are generally a rectangular shaped slot passing entirely through the plug 12 with the bottom section 49 of each slot 48a-f having a greater transverse dimension as depicted in FIG. 3.
As previously described, combinating disc tumblers 14a-e are positioned within the passages 48a-e. Each of the combinating tumblers 14a-e are biased by an associated spring 16a-e in a uniform direction so that the tumblers 14a-e will project into the longitudinal key slot 46 in plug 12. Also, the tumblers 14a-e are biased into a longitudinal groove 50 defined on the inside surface of the bore 40 at what will be termed the six o'clock or 180.degree. position as viewed in FIG. 3. Thus, the combinating tumblers 14a-e are sized and shaped at their lower end or locking end to define a lobe 52 which cooperates and fits into the groove 50 (see FIG. 12). Note lobe 52 has a lateral dimension slightly less than the width of groove 50 and substantially equal to the lateral dimension of the main body 53 of tumbler 14.
Importantly, the groove 50 does not extend for the full length of the bore 40. Rather, it extends to a position between the fifth tumbler 14e and the control tumbler 18 as shown in FIG. 3. As shown in FIG. 3, the bore 40 connects with an enlarged diameter bore 54 to define a flange or outwardly extending flange surface 56. This flange 56 is important for its function of retaining the plug 12 in position within the cylinder 10 as will be explained. The flange 56 is positioned slightly forward of the front of the control tumbler 18 when the plug 12 is in position. Thus, flange 56 is intermediate tumbler 14e and tumbler 18 is axially separated from the end of groove 50.
The control tumbler 18 (FIGS. 14 and 15) has a height which is greater than the diameter of the bore 40 of the plug 12. This is constrasted with each of the combinating tumblers 14 which has a height equal to or less than the diameter of bore 40. Thus, because of its height dimension, the control tumbler 18 always engages against the flange 56 regardless of the orientation of the tumbler 18 with respect to the flange 56 except for the one specific situation to be described. That is, referring to FIG. 2, if the plug 12 is in the orientation depicted, gravity will cause the control tumbler 18 to drop to the position indicated so that the tumbler 18 is against the flange 56. If for some reason the orientation of the plug 12 is altered and the tumbler 18 is caused to slide in its associated passage 48f, the tumbler 18 will move through slot 48f and project from the opposite side of slot 48f. Thus, tumbler 18 will still remain in contact with the flange 56 and will prevent removal of plug 12 from bore 40.
Note that in the condition depicted in FIG. 2, the plug 12 is not rotatable since the remaining combinating tumblers 14a-e engage groove 50 and prevent rotation. Nonetheless, regardless of the physical orientation of the cylinder lock as depicted in FIG. 2, the control tumbler 18 will always remain contacting the flange 56 thereby preventing removal of the plug 12 from the cylinder 10.
Before preceeding with the further discussion of the operation of the lock, reference to made to FIGS. 12 and 13 which depict the specific structure of the combinating tumblers 14a-e. Referring first to FIG. 12, each combinating tumbler 14a-e is fabricated from a wafer of metallic material. It includes a main body section 53 having a lateral dimension substantially equal to the lateral dimension of the associated slot 48 in the plug 12. Each tumbler 14 also includes a notch 55 extending therethrough for receipt of a key and more particularly bitting associated with a key. A projecting wing 57 extends from the side of tumbler 14 for cooperation with spring 16 which fits within a spring passage 17 in FIG. 3 defined in the plug 12 so as to bias the combinating tumblers 14. The tumbler 14 also includes the lower projecting lobe 52 having a width equal to or less than the width of cylinder grooves 50 and 60. Opposite wing 57, a tab or tang 59 projects from the side of the tumbler 14 for engaging a land 61 in FIG. 3 associated with plug 12 to limit the biased travel of the combinating tumbler 14. The position of the notch 55 in the tumbler 14 is associated with the dept of associated bitting on the key 20 or 22.
Referring to FIG. 14, the control tumbler 18 has a height dimension which is greater than the diameter of the bore 40 as previously described. The control tumbler 18 also includes a notch 63 again for receipt of a key. The notch has a lower edge 64 and an upper edge 94 for cooperation with keys 20, 22 as will be described. The control tumbler 18 also includes a lower lobe 65 which has a lateral dimension or width greater than any of the grooves 50, 60 or 62. Additionally, the control tumbler 18 includes a laterally projecting lobe or ledge 67 which prevents the tumbler 18 from sliding totally through the associated slot 48f in the plug 12.
Referring again to FIG. 3, the longitudinal groove 5 is at the six o'clock or 180.degree. position and is complemented by another longitudinal groove 60 at the twelve o'clock or 0.degree. position. Both grooves 50 and 60 are cut in the inside wall of the cylinder 10 to a position between the last combinating tumbler 14e and the control tumbler 18. Thus, grooves 50 and 60 do not extend through flange 56. A third longitudinal grooge 62 or plug removal groove 62, however, extends the total distance of the bore 40 through the flange 56. The groove 62 is at the three o'clock or 90.degree. position as depicted in FIG. 3. The groove 62 is more shallow than the grooves 50 or 60. All grooves 50, 60 and 62 are parallel to longitudinal axis 44.
FIG. 4 illustrates operation by the first or operating key 20 inserted into the cylinder lock of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 4, the key 20 is inserted into the key slot 46 and engages combinating tumblers 14a-e as well as the control tumbler 18 by extending through notches 55a-e and 63. Thus, associated bitting 69a-e on the key engages the top or first edge 53a-e of the respective notches 55a-e of combinating tumblers 14a-e to drive those tumblers 14a-e upward as depicted in FIG. 4 out of the groove 50. Simultaneously the control tumbler 18 which includes a first edge 64 in notch 63, is engaged by the bottom surface 66 of the key 20. Because of the spacing arrangement and sizing of the slot 63 and edge 64 with respect to the bottom 68 of the control tumbler 18, the key 20 effectively forces the control tumbler 18 into a position where that tumbler 18 continues to engage the flange 56 as shown in FIG. 4. The plug 12 may then be rotated.
Since the lobe 65 or bottom edge 68 of the control tumbler 18 has a width which is greater than the width of the grooves 50, 60, 62, even if the plug 12 is rotated by the key 20 so as to align the control tumbler 18 with the groove 62, the plug 12 cannot be removed from the cylinder 10. In actual practice, stops may be built in either the integral front face plate 38 or front flange of plug 12 or in the enlarged diameter bore 54 to limit the direction and degree of rotation of the plug 12 in the cylinder 10.
FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view of the plug 12 in the cylinder 10 when the key 20 is being used and is positioned as shown in FIG. 4. FIG. 6 illustrates a 90.degree. rotation of the plug 12 of FIG. 4 in the cylinder 10 so as to align the edge 68 of tumbler 18 over the groove 62. FIG. 7 illustrates a 180.degree. rotation of the plug 12. When in this position, the key 20 may be removed, as illustrated, and the tumblers 14a-e will then be biased into engagement with the groove 60 to lock the plug 12 against rotation.
FIG. 8 illustrates the use of the change key or second key 22. Again, the starting point is the plug 12 and cylinder 10 arrangement of FIG. 2. The change key 22 is then inserted to drive the combinating tumblers 14a-e in the same manner as previously described to align said tumblers 14a-e so that they do not interfere with rotation of the plug 12. The tumblers 14a-e are thus displaced by the bitting of key 22 so that they are positioned entirely within the plug 12. However, in this instance, the key 22 includes a special forward bitting 72 which engages the opposite edge or second edge 94 of the notch 63 associated with the control tumbler 18 to drive that tumbler 18 in a direction which is opposite from the direction which it was driven by key 20 as depicted in FIG. 4. When driven in this opposite direction, the tumbler 18 becomes aligned as depicted in FIG. 8 so that the lower edge or lobes 52, 65 of all of the combinating tumblers 14a-e and control tumbler 18 are aligned on the diameter of the bore 40. The key 22 may then be rotated 90.degree. clockwise when viewed from the front of the lock to a position as depicted in FIG. 10 so as to align the top edge 76 of the control tumbler 18 with the groove 62. The width of the top edge 76 of the control tumbler 18 is substantially identical to or slightly less than the width of the groove 62. The top edge 76 projects beyond the diameter of the bore 40 but not beyond the depth of groove 62. Thus, the tumbler 18 can slide in the groove 62 permitting removal of the plug 12 from cylinder 10.
FIG. 11 illustrates a rotation of 180.degree. of the lock depicted in FIG. 11, the plug 12 is oriented so that it cannot be removed from the cylinder 10. Only when the plug 12 is oriented in the cylinder 10 as shown in FIG. 10 can the plug 12 be removed from the cylinder 10 provided, of course, the change key 22 is being utilized to properly position tumbler 18. Importantly, the change key 22 cooperates with the second edge 94 associated with the control tumbler 18. Moreover, the change key 22 includes a cut out section or notch 96 which permits translation of the control tumbler 18 in the passage 48f a sufficient distance so that the control tumbler 18 and more particularly the bottom edge 68 will align with the bore 40 of the plug 12.
With the lock of the present invention, it is thus possible to eliminate any biasing means associated with a control tumbler that retains a plug within a cylinder. Nonetheless, removal of the plug from the cylinder when the proper change key is inserted into the plug is still possible. Again, it is noted that the height of the control tumbler 18 is greater than the diameter associated with the bore 40. By contrast, the height of the combinating tumblers 14a-e is about equal to or less than the diameter of the bore 40. By this combination of features, it is possible to permit rotation of the plug 12 by operation of the combinating tumblers 14. The control tumbler 18 is then utilized for cooperation with the flange 56 in order to permit longitudinal or to prevent longitudinal movement of the plug 12 in the cylinder 10 as the case may be.
Second Embodiment
FIGS. 16-24 illustrate a second embodiment of the invention. Thus, referring to FIG. 16, the essential components of the second embodiment include a cylinder 100 adapted to receive a plug 102 and a cooperative plug insert 104. The plug 102 includes a series of control tumblers 106 which are biased by control tumbler springs 108 and cooperate with either a first or pass key 110 or a second or removal key 112. The bitting with respect to the keys 110 and 112 for coaction with the combinating tumblers 106 is identical. A retainer or control tumbler 114 which is unbiased, is also incorporated in the plug 102 for cooperation with both the pass key 110 and the removal key 112.
The plug 102 includes an internal projecting stub 116 which cooperates with a bolt 118 biased by a bolt spring 120. Thus, as the plug 102 is rotated about a longitudinal axis 122, the stub 116 engages bolt 118 and translates the bolt 118 transverse to the axis 122 in opposition to the force of the bolt spring 120. The interaction of the keys 110 and 112 with the combinating tumblers 106 as well as the control tumbler or retainer 114 is identical to that previously described with respect to the first embodiment. That is, the combinating tumblers 106 are normally biased into a position of engagement with the cylinder 100 by springs 108. Bitting on the keys 110 or 112 will disengage the combinating tumblers 106 from the cylinder thereby permitting rotation of the plug 102.
The control tumbler or retainer 114 is likewise engaged by either the pass key (first key 110) or the removal key (second key 112). When engaged with the pass key 110, the control tumbler 114 is positively biased to maintain it in a position which assures engagement with a flange (not shown in FIG. 16) to retain the plug 102 and plug insert 104 engaged with the cylinder 100. When the control tumbler or retainer 114 is engaged by the removal key 112, special bitting of that removal key 112 causes the control tumbler 114 to be translated with respect to axis 122 so that it is aligned for cooperation with a groove defined within the cylinder 100 thereby permitting removal of the plug 102 from cylinder 100.
The improved features of the embodiment depicted in FIGS. 16-24 relates to the sizing of the tumblers 106, 114; the plug 102, the plug insert 104 and the cylinder 100. Briefly, the combinating tumblers 106 and control tumbler 114 are oversized relative to the diameter of the plug 102. That is, the tumblers have a transverse dimension greater than the diameter of the plug 102. To accommodate this greater diameter, a plug insert 104 is provided to define a longitudinal recess for cooperation with the tumblers 106, 114. The plug insert 104 is retained in the cylinder 100 by coaction of a face plate 124 of plug 102 with a front face ledge 126 of the plug insert 104. Inasmuch as the control tumbler 114 retains the plug within the cylinder 100, the plug insert 104 is likewise retained.
Because of the arrangement of the diameter of the plug 102 being less or smaller than the transverse dimension of the tumblers 106, 114, it is possible to alter the construction of the cylinder 100 by narrowing the lateral dimension of the cylinder. Since this lateral dimension is narrowed or lesser, the lock may be utilized in cramped spaces such as in association with a filing cabinet. Note, the vertical height of the cylinder 100 is greater than its width thereby enabling the utilization of the cylinder lock in dimensionally restricted situations calling for a narrow cylinder lock.
FIG. 17 illustrates the component parts described with respect to FIG. 16.
FIGS. 18-20 illustrates in greater detail the construction of the cylinder 100 whereby the cylinder 100 is adapted to receive not only the plug 102 but the plug insert 104. Thus, cylinder 100 includes a generally cylindrical passage 130 for receipt of the generally cylindrical plug 102. A longitudinal groove or recess 132 is defined along the bottom edge of the passage 130 parallel to axis 122. The groove 132 is adapted for receipt of the bottom edge of combinating tumblers 106.
The portion of the cylinder 100 above the axis center line 122 and passage 130 defines a shaped, longitudinal passage 134 connected with passage 130 for receipt of the plug insert 104. The shaped passage 134 is parallel to axis 122 and extends partially into the cylinder. Passage 134 terminates with a flange or wall 136 which defines a retaining flange 138 that cooperates with the control tumbler 114 which is positioned within a slot 140 on the back side of the flange 138 so as to retain the plug 102 and plug insert 104 in cylinder 100. A groove or slot 142 through the flange 138 is adapted to receive the top end 146 in FIG. 16 of the tumbler 114 when that tumbler 114 is properly oriented. This is illustrated in greater detail in FIG. 19 wherein a groove or slot 142 is provided at two positions or places through the flange 138.
FIGS. 21 through 24 illustrate in further detail the construction of the insert 104 which fits into the recess 134. The insert 104 includes a face plate 150 which defines the retention flange 126 cooperative with the face plate 124 of the plug 102. The insert 104 is sized to fit within the recess 134 and to define a passage or clearance way depicted at 152 in FIG. 22. This passageway or clearance 152 is for receipt of the tumblers 106 so that the plug 102 may be rotated when the tumblers 106 are projected into the passageway 152. Rotation of plug 102 is limited by the walls 158 and 160 of the cylinder 100 as depicted in FIG. 19. Thus, in operation, the tumblers 106 project into the passageway in response to operation of key 110. The key 110 maintains the control tumbler 114 so that a lower edge 162 projects against the flange surface 164 in FIG. 19 during pass key 110 operation. When the removal key 112 is used, however, the tumbler 114 is projected so that the lower edge 162 disengages from the surface 164 and is positioned for movement through the groove or slot 142 thereby permitting removal of the plug as well as the plug insert 104.
Various alterations and changes to the described construction are deemed to be within the scope of the invention. For example, the combinating tumblers may be pin tumblers. Thus, while there has been set forth a preferred embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the invention is to be limited only by the following claims and their equivalents.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An improved cylinder lock with a key operated removable plug comprising, in combination: a first key means for operating the cylinder lock; a second key means for allowing removal of the plug; a cylinder having a longitudinal axis and defining a passage including a cylindrical portion of substantially constant diameter said cylinder also including tumbler recess means in a longitudinal direction along one side of the passage, and a longitudinal recess having an arcuately shaped cross section at the opposite side of the passage from the one side, said longitudinal recess having parallel sides extending parallel to the longitudinal axis; an outwardly extending circumferential flange at one end of the passage, a groove in the inside surface of the passage through the flange to the longitudinal recess; a plug rotatably mounted for rotation about the longitudinal axis in the cylindrical portion of the passage, said plug having an outside diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the cylindrical portion and rotatably mounted in the cylindrical portion, said plug including front face plate means of greater diameter than the plug to limit translation of the plug into the cylinder from the front of the passage, said plug including: a plurality of tumbler passages generally transverss to the longitudinal axis; an associated, longitudinal key slot mateable with the first and second key means and interconnecting the tumbler passages, and a control tumbler passage mateable with the first and second key means, said control tumbler passage positioned at least in part longitudinally spaced from the front face plate means and beyond the circumferential cylinder flange when the plug is in the cylinder; a plurality of combinating tumblers in the tumbler passages configured to engage both the first and second key means, each tumbler defining a dimension transverse to the longitudinal axis greater than the plug diameter, biasing means for the combinating tumblers in each tumbler passage, to bias the combinated tumblers beyond the plug diameter to engage the tumbler recess means on the one side of the passage in the cylinder and prevent plug rotation, said tumblers being translated against the force of the biasing means by either the first key means or the second key means to align the tumblers projecting beyond the diameter of the plug into the longitudinal recess on the opposite side of the passage whereby the plug may be rotated with the tumblers rotatable in the longitudinal recess: an unbiased control disc tumbler in the control tumbler passage configured to engage both the first and second key means, said control disc tumbler defining a dimension transverse to the longitudinal axis greater than the plug diameter, said control disc tumbler defining means engaging the flange and preventing movement of the plug in a longitudinal direction out of the cylinder (1) when the first key means is placed in the key slot to engage the control tumbler and (2) when no key means is in the key slot; said control disc tumbler also defining means disengageable from the flange to release the plug when the second key means are engaged with the tumblers to align the combined tumblers within the longitudinal recess of the cylinder and the control tumbler disc is also translated to align one end with the groove through the flange, said one end shaped to slide in the groove, the opposite end of said control disc tumbler having a width greater than the width of the groove and tumbler recess means.
2. The lock of claim 1 wherein each combinating tumbler and the control tumbler are disc members each having a longitudinal slot therethrough, one edge of the slot of each combinating tumbler cooperative with bitting of the first key means and the second key means to align the tumblers for plug rotation, and one edge of the slot of the control tumbler cooperative with the first key means to position the control tumbler to extend the opposite end of the control tumbler beyond the diameter of the plug and prevent longitudinal removal of the plug, and the other edge of the control tumbler slot cooperative with the second key means to extend the control tumbler and align the control tumbler for movement in the longitudinal groove in the cylinder as the opposite end is maintained within the diameter of the plug.
3. The lock of claim 1 wherein the longitudinal recess extends through the front face of the cylinder and also including a separate cylinder body insert member positioned at the front face of the cylinder and retained by the plug when the lock is assembled.
4. The lock of claim 1 wherein the cylinder is a two part assembly including a cylinder body insert member having the longitudinal recess defined therein.
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