Modular Furniture Construction

Furniture articles configured with stacked shelves included bookcases, stereo and video electronic component entertainment centers, and computer equipment work stations. In addition, articles for display are placed on stacked corner shelves, wall shelves, and knick-knack shelves, and document storage may be made by filing on open shelf stacks.

Furniture with open shelves which can be conveniently assembled and disassembled has heretofore utilized tie rods which have been either longitudinally or transversely passed through leg members or shelf separators with the ends secured by use of threaded fasteners. Such fasteners have been applied in manners so as require either long rods or thread spacers as the mechanical means employed for the assembly.

Elongated, thin shelf separators comprising axially drilled dowels or metal or plastic tubing are provided with prefinished exterior surfaces which are free of irregularity detachable in reflected light which indicates the use of putty filling, welding, riveting or gluing. In end extremity portions of the separators are cavity openings in which anchor means are concealed for receiving tensioning cable or threaded rod which can be tautly drawn either by reel winding or twisting in the case of cable or by rotating thread engaging anchor means in the case of threaded rod. Articles of furniture assembled in such manners of fabrication are sturdy and rigid in construction and exhibit esthetically clean lines with finished surfaces which do not reveal even in reflected light the use or location of fastening means, but which may be readily disassembled or rebuilt into other configurations.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of one embodiment of a modular shelf article of this invention;

FIGS. 2, 3. 4. 5, and 6 are, respectively, top. left end, front, right end and bottom views of a variation of the embodiment of the articles of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional end elevation of a portion of an assembled article of this invention showing one fastening embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional front elevation of a portion of the article of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional end elevation of another fastening means of this invention which can be substituted for that shown in FIG. 7 and 8;

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional end elevation of a portion of an assembled article of this invention showing another fastening embodiment;

FIG. 11 is an end elevation of an assembled article of this invention utilizing the construction of FIG. 10 with fastening cable shown by hidden line representation;

FIG. 12 is a perspective view of another embodiment of an anchor means of this invention with cable attached which can be substituted into the embodiment shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 13 is an end elevation of an assembled article of this invention utilizing the construction of FIG. 12 with fastening cable shown by hidden line representation;

FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional end elevation of a portion of an assembled article of this invention showing yet another fastening embodiment;

FIG. 15 is an enlarged detail view of a portion of the fastening embodiment of FIG. 14;

FIG. 16 is an end elevation of an assembled article of this invention utilizing the construction of FIG. 15 with fasteners shown by hidden line representation.

Referring to FIG. 1, modular free standing furniture piece 19, which may be used as a bookcase or otherwise as desired, comprises shelves 24 and 25 separate by six tubular spacer sections 21 of one length and four sections 22 of shorter length, and are provided with six leg sections 20 of the same material and even shorter length. Three tubular "U" bends 23 fashioned from the same tubular material are disposed above the shelves providing decorative detail to article 19 and in some instances may provide utilitarian handles with which article 19 can be lifted and moved. The several tubular components can be fabricated from the same stock material, preferably which is finished by metal plating, or by being anodized if aluminum, or by painting, or by any other suitable process which provides a uniform and visually attractive finish. In a non-preferred embodiment, wooden components may be used which are axially drilled to provide interior recesses or passages as necessary to accomodate a particular type of concealed fastening means.

Shelves 24 and 25 of article 19 may be made from nominal one by ten inch boards finished in any suitable manner if the article is to be used as a bookcase. Any other suitable material may be used and in any dimension appropriate for the use intended. However, the shelves are drilled with holes of at least one-quarter inch diameter co-axially aligned with complementary holes drilled in other shelves of the furniture piece for enabling fastening means to be disposed to pass through.

In FIG. 2 through 6 article 19' is shown as a variation of article 19 of FIG. 1 in which the proportional length of shelf space 22' with respect to shelf spacers 21' is less than that is the case for spacers 22 and 21 of FIG. 1.

In FIGS. 7 and 8 is shown internal fastening means suitable for use in articles 19 or 19' comprising cable 30 passed through holes 31 in shelves 24", and 25" and also through annular locating pieces 32, 33, and 34. Pieces 32 are configured as a three stepped outer diameter annular nipple for being disposed at the interface between shelving and tubular shelf spacers. A selected piece 32, 33, or 34 is inserted into an end of a tubing section 20", 22", and also into holes 31 in shelves 24", 25" as shown. Complementary annular locating foot 34 is inserted into the bottom of tubular leg 20" with cable 30 being threaded first downward through acentric hole 35 in foot piece 34 and then upward through center hole 36. Enlargement 37 fastened to the end of cable 30 may comprise any suitable bead or the like. Bicycle brake or shifting cable is an ideal material to use because as purchased it is provided with such a bead. As well as metal cable, synthetic resious fiber cable may be used, a particularly suitable material being woven, braided or twisted polyester fiber cord.

Pieces 33 functions both to locate and align tubing sections with a hole in a shelf and as part of a reel assembly in combination with spool 38. Spool 30 is provided with a threading hole for the cable which is disposed transverse to the axis of the spool. One side portion of piece 33 is split to enable the spool to be loosely or securely gripped by piece 33 upon screw 39 being loosened or tightened, spool 38 being rotated by means of a screwdriver to tension cable 30 in requisite manner for rendering the assembly rigid before screw 39 is tightened to maintain tautness in cable 30.

In FIG. 9 is shown an alternative means for gripping spool 38 in lieu of using screw 39, comprising ratchet wheel 40 configured as an end extremity portion of spool 38 and pawl 41 operably disposed in piece 33' for being pivotally manipulatable toward and away from contact with ratchet wheel 40 to prevent or enable the ratchet wheel to rotate in reverse direction, as the case may be.

FIG. 10 portrays foot piece 34' as an alternate embodiment for foot piece 34 of FIG. 7 for use when the end of cable 30' is anchored by knotting it. Piece 34' is sized to press tightly into leg sections 20". Piece 34' is configured with an upwardly concave recess in which two acentric holes are disposed in conjunction with a center hole for enabling an end of cable 30' to be threaded first down through the center hole, then up through one of the acentric holes, and then down again through the other of the acentric holes with the bitter end of the cable laced between the bottom surface of foot piece 34' and cable 30' where it underlies the foot piece, the resulting knot so produced being sufficient to hold securely against slipping under tension in cable 30'. Cable 30' is so anchored when assembly is made in the manner shown in FIG. 11 with cable 30' passed through tubular "U" bend 23" so as to extend continuously through a pair of connected tubular shelf separator column assemblies and leg sections. With cable 30' loosely tied in the manner shown in FIG. 10, one or both connected leg sections 20"' are rotated about their axes to twist cable 30' and cause it to shorten in length as a result until the desired tautness for providing desired rigidity of the assembled article is achieved. In this embodiment "U" bends 23"' can be used as handles for lifting the assembled article. Pieces 32 are configured to press tightly into tubular leg sections 20' to provide a bearing surface go upon which the assembly of piece 32 and the tubular leg section can be operably rotated against the shelves, a desirable material for the pieces 32 being high impact polystyrene or other suitable synthetic resin which provides a combination of toughness and lubricity to the article.

In FIG. 12 anchor piece 50 is shown for use as an alternative to use of piece 33 of FIG. 7. In combination, a center axially vertical hole and acentrically disposed post 51 on the top of piece 50 provide an eye and post arrangement through and around which cable 30"' can be threaded and wrapped with the bitter end of the cable tucked between the lay of cable 30" and the top of piece 50 to provide an anchoring knot for cable 30". Anchor piece 50 is rotated to achieve the desired tautness of cable 30".

FIG. 13 illustrates the assembly of the article fastened together by use of elements 50 as shown in FIG. 12. When assembled in this manner, tubing sections 23" are decorative only and are not usable for lifting the assembled article of furniture.

As an alternative to cable used as a component of fastening means described hereinabove, FIG. 14 and 15 show use of threaded rods secured in anchor members 55. Members 55 are configured as shallowly dished discs with teeth or serrations 56 disposed around the outer periphery and threaded opening 58 in the center. They are press fitted into the ends of tubular sections in a manner which causes teeth 56 to bite into the inner surface of the tubular wall of the shelf separator sections when attempt is made to withdraw them such as by tensioning threaded rod 57. Thus, resilient metal, preferably hardened steel, is used for constructing members 55 with the threads being either machined or pressed into the center opening, or in the case of small size components members 55 can be constructed in the manner employed for making sheet metal speed nuts. Stepped diameter washers 32' are shown for providing a bearing surface between shelf 24"' and the ends of tubular sections 21' and 22', however, such means are not necessary to functional operability of the fasteners.

In all of the modes of assembly shown, the outer wall surface of the tubular sections are free of irregularities or distortions which reveal the presence of fastening means disposed within them whereas expedients such as welding or riveting will show as detectable distortion in the uniformity of the surface of the outside of a tubular section. In all modes of assembly described, disassembly is accomplished in reverse order of that used for making the assembly. Square section tubing or other polygonal or conic section configuration may be used for the leg and shelf spacer sections in this invention with appropriate complementary configuration being provided for anchor plates, bearing surface parts and decorative bends used in conjunction with such sections. In the embodiment of invention shown in FIG. 14-16, shelf separating sections need only have end-open recessed cavities sufficiently deep to operably receive the fastening hardware and need not necessarily extend through the length of the sections.