US 4,676,696 AGrant
Apparatus for Installing a Flowline Section Near the Seabed
Issue Date:1987-06-30
•2 Claims
•5 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
An apparatus for securing a flowline to a structure near the seabed comprises a vertically oriented guide funnel placed atop a guide tube that is provided with a helical shoulder cooperating with an alignment key mounted on the flowline. During installation the flowline is stabbed into the guide funnel and guide tube thereby causing the alignment key to slide along the shoulder until a pair of hinge pins mounted on the flowline have entered into a pair of slots in the wall of the guide tube. Subsequently the flowline is hinged down to a horizontal position.
Metadata
Assignee
- Shell Oil Company
Inventor
- Nils K. Laursen
Application Information
Application Number:US 7577079
Filing Date:1985-07-22
Priority Date:1984-08-17
Art Unit:351
Classifications
IPC:
F16L 104
Field of Search:
166405338;339;340;341169;70;71
Patent Drawings (5 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
In offshore oil production, it is common for several oil wells in the seabed to be joined by corresponding flowlines to an oil manifold on the seabed.
This entails the positioning near the oil manifold of flowline sections in a preferably horizontal, or approximately horizontal, position. After the installation in this position, each horizontal flowline section may be connected by flowlines to an oil well on one end and to the oil manifold on the other end.
A problem is that the flowline section is preferably lowered in a vertical orientation from a ship, after which is has to be brought into a properly oriented horizontal or approximately horizontal position.
Summary of the Invention
The object of the invention is to provide apparatus for receiving, guiding and anchoring a flowline section lowered in a vertical orientation, and for hinging the flowline section from the vertical orientation to a desired final position, preferably a horizontal, or substantially horizontal, final position.
The apparatus according to the invention is thereto characterized in that it comprises a guide tube destined to be erected near the seabed, a guide funnel at one end of the guide tube, a helical shoulder within the guide tube, two opposite slots within the guide tube each leading to a corresponding pivot support, and passages in the wall of the guide tube and in the guide funnel which permit the hinging over of the flowline section. The end portion of the flowline section is designed to cooperate with the guide tube and is provided with a key that can cooperate with a shoulder located within an opening defined down through the guide tube. Two opposite pivots carried by the end of the flowline can each slide in one of the said slots until the respective pivot support has been reached.
These and other features, objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, wherein reference is made to the Figures in the accompanying drawings.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 are schematic representations showing vertical sectional views and perspective views of the apparatus. The flowline section to be installed is shown in an initial position, an intermediate position and a final position in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3 respectively.
FIGS. 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11 are schematic representations showing vertical sectional views of the apparatus, the successive figures showing successive steps in the installation of a flowline section.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment
Referring now to FIGS. 1-11 reference is made to the flowline section 1 to be installed and more specifically to the end portion 10 of the flowline section 1 to be installed. A guide tube 2, provided with a guide funnel 3, is destined to be erected near the seabed (not shown) with its longitudinal axis in a vertical orientation. It is, for example, also possible to secure the guide tube 2 to elements of an oil manifold 16 on the seabed. In practice, a plurality of guide tubes 2 will be secured according to the invention to the oil manifold 16, the number being at least equal to the number of oil wells to be connected to the oil manifold 16.
With the guide tube 2 is located a helical shoulder 4. Defined within the guide tube 2 are also two opposite slots 5 which both lead to a corresponding pivot support 6. Passages 7 and 8 are present in the sidewall 9 of the guide tube 2. In the prolongation of the passage 7 there is also a passage in the guide funnel 3. The purpose of these passages 7 and 8 and the passage in the guide funnel 3 is to enable the flowline section 1 to hinge, as will be explained below. The end portion 10 of the flowline section 1 is provided with a first collar 11 at the end of the end portion 10 and with a second collar 12 situated at some distance from the first collar 11. The flowline section 1 has a central opening 17 (FIG. 1) defined therethrough as is well known to the art.
The first collar 11 is provided with a radial key 13 which can cooperate with the helical shoulder 4. The second collar 12 is provided with two opposite pivots 14. A plurality of centering ridges 15 are also located in the guide tube 2.
During normal operation of the above-described apparatus according to the invention, the flowline section 1 is lowered in a vertical orientation from a floating vessel (not shown) to the guide tube 2, such that the end portion 10 is received by the guide funnel 3 (see FIGS. 1, 4, 5 and 6). The flowline section 1 with the end portion 10 is therefore lowered in the direction indicated by arrow A (FIG. 1). A key 13 finally contacts the shoulder 4 and is then forced to follow the shoulder 4 as the end section 10 moves further in the direction of arrow A (see FIGS. 7 and 8). This makes the end portion 10 rotate in the sense indicated by the arrows F.
The pivots 14 are positioned relative to the key 13 such that the pivots 14 finally engage in the slots 5 and follow them until they end up resting on the pivot supports 6. The configuration is then as shown in FIGS. 2 and 9, the pivots 14 together with the pivot supports 6 forming a hinge with a horizontal axis that permits the end portion 10 to hinge about the horizontal axis.
Referring to FIGS. 10 and 11, from the position in which the central longitudinal axis L of the end portion 10 coincides with the vertical axis K. the end portion 10 is rotated in the direction indicated by the arrows M and N in FIG. 10. This rotation is continued until the central longitudinal axis L of the end portion 10 coincides with a horizontal line G, as shown in FIG. 11. It should be noted that the final position of the end portion 10, as shown by the line G, does not necessarily have to be horizontal. A slight inclination of the end portion 10 relative to a horizontal plane can sometimes also be desirable. The final position according to FIG. 11 is again shown in perspective in FIG. 3. During the axial movement of the end portion 10 within the guide tube 2, the centering ridges 15 ensure a good centering of the end portion 10 within the guide tube 2.
After the flowline section 1 together with the end portion 10 has reached the final position, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 11, one end of the flowline section 1 can be connected to the oil manifold 16 and the other end of the flowline section 1 can be connected to an oil well in the seabed (not shown).
It should be noted that it is not strictly necessary to employ the apparatus according to the invention together with an oil manifold 16. In general, the apparatus can be employed for any application in which it is desired to lower a pipe section in a vertical orientation from a vessel, after which it is desired to install the pipe section in a horizontal, or slightly inclined, final position on or near the seabed. The apparatus can be employed for the installation both of oil pipes and of gas pipes. The apparatus can also be employed for the installation of other liquid pipes than oil pipes, for example for the installation of water pipes.
Many other variations and modifications may be made in the apparatus and techniques hereinbefore described, both by those having experience in this technology, without departing from the concept of the present invention. Accordingly, it should be clearly understood that the apparatus and methods depicted in the accompanying drawings and referred to in the foregoing description are illustrative only and are not intended as limitations on the scope of the invention.
Claims
I claim as my invention:
1. A method of orientating at least one end of a flowline section having a central longitudinal axis substantially horizontal to a seabed which forms the bottom of a body of water, said method comprising: erecting a guide tube adjacent said seabed in a substantially vertical orientation, said guide tube having a central opening defined downwardly therethrough, and passages extending radially outwardly from said central opening through said guide tube, lowering said flowline section downwardly through said body of water from a floating vessel located above said guide tube, lowering said end of said flowline section downwardly through at least a portion of said central opening of said guide tube, and simultaneously rotating as necessary said flowline section about said central longitudinal axis in order to preferentially orient said flowline section within said guide tube, and rotating said end of said flowline section about a substantially horizontal axis located through said guide tube and said flowline section, moving said end section of said flowline section through said passages extending radially outward from said central opening of said guide tube, and positioning said central longitudinal axis of said flowline section substantially horizontal with respect to said seabed.
2. A method of orienting at least one end of a flowline section having a central longitudinal axis substantially horizontal to a seabed which forms the bottom of a body of water, said method comprising; erecting a guide tube provided with a guide funnel adjacent said seabed in a substantially vertical orientation, said guide tube and guide funnel having a central opening defined downwardly therethrough, and passages extending radially outward from said central opening through said guide tube and said guide funnel, lowering said flowline section downwardly through said body of water from a floating vessel located above said guide tube, receiving said one end of said flowline section into said guide funnel of said guide tube, contacting a radial key which forms a portion of said one end of said flowline section to a helical shoulder formed within said central opening defined downwardly through said guide tube, lowering said flowline section and thereby said radial key downward in sliding engagement with said helical shoulder, thereby rotating the flowline section in the sense determined by the sliding engagement of said radial key with said helical shoulder, engaging pivots which form a portion of the end of said flowline section with slots formed within the central of said guide tube, as the flowline section is lowered downwardly through said guide tube opening, supporting said pivots on pivot supports which form shoulders at the lower end of said slots, and rotating said end of said flowline section about a substantially horizontal axis located through said pivots and said pivot supports, until the central longitudinal axis of said flowline section is positioned substantially horizontal with respect to said seabed, said end section of said flowline section moving through said passages extending radially outward from said central opening during rotation of said flowline section about said horizontal axis.