US 4,672,929 AGrant
Automatic Starting Arrangement for an Internal Combustion Engine
Issue Date:1987-06-16
•17 Claims
•5 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
An automatic starting arrangement for a hand-started internal combustion engine is disclosed. Internal combustion engines of this type have a choke flap and a throttle flap positioned one behind the other in the air-intake channel. In order to ensure a reliable starting of the engine independently of manual positioning activities, the invention provides that in the start position the choke flap is coupled with the throttle flap in a position-dependent manner and the choke flap holds the throttle flap in a position between the full-throttle position and the idle position. The choke flap is brought into an at-rest position via an actuating device which is actuable in dependence upon the operating condition of the engine. The choke flap is decoupled from the throttle flap in the at-rest position.
Metadata
Assignee
- Andreas Stihl
Inventors
- Michael Wissmann
- Hans Nickel
- Jurgen Weber
Application Information
Application Number:US 8090130
Filing Date:1985-12-13
Priority Date:1984-12-15
Art Unit:342
Classifications
IPC:
F02M 110
Field of Search:
123261179 A;179 G;180 T;39864 E;52;64 C
Patent Drawings (5 sheets)
Description
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to an automatic starting arrangement for an internal combustion engine such as the manually startable engine of a chain saw.
Background of the Invention
With manually startable internal combustion engines, the operating person has to adjust the hand-choke as part of the starting procedure in order to get the necessary overrich mixture for the starting phase. After the motor has started, the choke has to be pulled out at the right point in time which can be problematic for the inexperienced user and often leads to the mixture becoming lean too quickly resulting in a standstill of the engine. Under unfavorable starting conditions, even for the experienced user, the starting of a two-cycle internal combustion engine by means of a rope-starter and hand-choke can be very problematic and can lead to difficult start attempts.
Summary of the Invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a starting arrangement for an internal combustion engine which makes it possible for the inexperienced user to start the engine simply and with certainty even under unfavorable starting conditions.
An optimal starting position of the choke flap and throttle flap is preset independently of external adjustment by means of the position-dependent coupling of the choke flap with the throttle flap. The choke flap is immediately taken out as soon as the engine starts via the actuating device which is activated in dependence upon the operational condition of the engine. In its at-rest position, the choke flap is decoupled from the throttle flap so that the latter can be adjusted independently of the position of the choke flap via the known throttle lever and throttle linkage in order to accelerate or decelerate the engine.
The throttle flap is operatively connected in the opening direction with the choke flap via a coupling linkage so that, if the actuating device does not operate, the choke flap can be opened by means of the throttle linkage.
Preferably, the actuating device is an underpressure device actuable by the underpressure in the crankcase of the engine and is in the form of a bellows. The bellows is connected with the crankcase via a check valve so that only underpressure can act on the bellows. The check valve has preferably a membrane disposed between an opening closeable by the membrane and the crankcase and is pretensioned in the direction toward the crankcase in the opening direction. This affords the advantage that the entire system is quickly ventilated again when the engine is at standstill; that is, the choke flap immediately closes again when the engine does not run up during the starting procedure because of lack of fuel and remains stationary with the bellows however being actuated.
A reservoir is preferably provided in the conduit to the bellows downstream of the check valve in order to compensate for leakage quantities of overpressure which get into the conduit system before the membrane is closed.
According to the further feature of the invention, a thermostat valve is interposed between the check valve and the bellows which changes the flow cross-section of the connecting conduit. This thermostat is preferably fixedly mounted between the cooling ribs on the cylinder head of the engine. As soon as the engine becomes warm, the thermostat valve clears a relatively large through-flow cross-section so that the choke flap which is no longer needed is opened more quickly during the starting of a warm engine.
In order to ensure that the throttle flap does not return too quickly to the idle position when the choke flap is opened quickly, the suction cross-section to the bellows is reduced after an initial stroke movement. In this way, by means of a fast initial stroke movement, the choke flap is brought into a position wherein it no longer has any substantial influence and, however, the throttle flap cannot yet travel back to the idle position. The choke flap reaches its at-rest position only then after the slower end stroke movement of the bellows is completed while the throttle flap can also move back into its idle position.
Brief Description of the Drawing
The invention will now be described with reference to the drawing wherein:
FIG. 1 is a detail of a motor-driven chain saw wherein a portion of the housing is broken away to show the automatic starting arrangement of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a detail schematic showing the configuration of the starting arrangement according to the invention;
FIG. 3 is an elevation view, in section, of the check valve of the automatic starting arrangement;
FIG. 4 is an elevation view, in section, of the thermostat valve of the automatic starting arrangement;
FIG. 5 is a plan view taken along line V--V of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an elevation view, in section, of the bellows of the automatic starting arrangement of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a side elevation view of an emergency start device on the throttle lever; and,
FIG. 8 is a front elevation view, partially in section, of the emergency start device of FIG. 7.
Description of the Preferred Embodiments of the Invention
FIG. 1 shows a motor-driven chain saw 1 having a housing 2 wherein a two-cycle internal combustion engine equipped with a carburetor 3 is mounted. The engine comprises essentially a cylinder 4 with a piston which drives a crankshaft journalled in a crankcase 5. The crankshaft drives a saw chain (not shown) on a guide bar 7 via a pinion.
The motor-driven chain saw 1 has the usual and well-known configuration and is started by means of a rope starter in a manner known per se. The chain saw includes two handles 8 and 9 with a throttle lever 10 being mounted in the handle 9. The throttle lever 10 acts upon the throttle flap 12 in the air-intake channel 13 of the carburetor 3 via a throttle linkage 11 and displaces the flap 12 against the force of a leg spring.
The automatic starting arrangement according to the invention is built into the housing 2 of the chain saw 1 and is illustrated schematically in FIG. 2. The air-intake channel 13 of the carburetor 3 opens into cylinder 4. A choke flap 15 and a throttle flap 12 are arranged in the air-intake channel 13 one behind the other viewed in the direction of flow 14. Both flaps 12 and 15 are fixedly connected with shafts 16 and 17, respectively, for rotation therewith. As seen in FIG. 2, the shafts 16 and 17 lie at an elevation in the air-intake channel corresponding to approximately the central longitudinal axis of the latter. Positioning and actuating levers are fixedly mounted at the free ends of shafts 16 and 17 for rotation therewith. The levers are arranged so as to be perpendicular to the shafts and are substantially configured as flat members. The levers fixedly attach to the two shaft ends and the shafts corresponding thereto define respective rigid rotatable units together with the corresponding ones of the flaps.
The choke flap 15 is resiliently biased into its closed position in the direction of arrow 19 by means of a schematically illustrated leg spring whereas the throttle flap 12 is resiliently biased in the direction to the idle position by means of a leg spring in the direction of arrow 20.
The respective levers 24 and 23 of choke flap 15 and throttle flap 12 mounted on one side of the carburetor 3 are disposed with respect to each other such that in the closed position of the choke flap 15 shown, the throttle flap 12 is held open at approximately 30.degree. in the half-throttle position. For this purpose, the flaps 12 and 15 are position-dependently coupled with each other.
The lever of the choke flap 15 is configured as a bell crank lever 24. When the choke flap 15 is closed, the free end of leg 25 lies against the facing edge 27 of lever 23 of the throttle flap 12 whereby the 30.degree. position of the throttle flap 12 is preset.
A coupling rod 28 is pivotally connected to the free end of the other leg 26 of the lever 24 and engages an elongated slot 29 in lever 23 of the throttle flap 12. In the 30.degree. position of the throttle flap 12, the elongated slot 29 lies approximately parallel to the center longitudinal axis 18 of the air intake channel 13 and is preferably open at its end facing toward cylinder 4. In the 30.degree. position of the throttle flap 12 and closed choke flap 15, the coupling rod 28 lies against the other closed end of the elongated slot 29 so that a stable position of both flaps to one another is given notwithstanding the respective leg springs acting in the directions 19 and 20. The coupling rod 28 is configured so that it holds the choke flap 15 in the open position at least in the full throttle position and, as part of the emergency start device to be described below, the coupling rod 28 makes a displacement of the choke flap 15 possible by an actuation of the throttle flap 12. The coupling rod 28 with the appropriate configuration assures that the choke flap 15 is held in an open position in the event of a loss of the underpressure associated with extreme conditions. These extreme conditions include full throttle, lower rotational speed, increased friction or increased positioning forces as a consequence of dirt.
By changing the dimensions of the coupling rod 28 and especially of the leg 25 of the lever 24, also other opening positions of the throttle flap 12 between idle position and full-throttle position are given with choke flap 15 closed.
The positioning levers 21 and 22, which are disposed on the other side of the carburetor 3 and fixedly attached to shafts 16 and 17 for rotation therewith, are each connected with an actuating device. The throttle flap 12 is connected with a throttle lever 10 via a throttle linkage 11. The throttle lever 10 is configured substantially as a bell crank lever pivotable about shaft pin 6. The one leg of the throttle lever permits actuation by an operating person; whereas, the throttle linkage 11 is pivotally connected at the free end of the other leg. The throttle linkage engages with its other free end into an elongated slot 30 of the positioning lever 21. The elongated slot 30 preferably opens toward the gas lever 10 and the positioning lever 21 passes over a circular arc about the axis of the shaft 16. By actuating the throttle lever 10, the throttle linkage 11 travels on the closed end of the elongated slot and displaces the throttle flap 12 against the force of the leg spring acting in the direction 20. In the full-throttle position, the throttle flap 12 is approximately on the center longitudinal axis 18 of the air-intake channel 13.
The positioning lever 22 of the choke flap 15 is connected with the positioning rod 31 of an actuating device 32 which is actuable in dependence upon the operational condition of the engine.
In the embodiment shown, the actuating device 32 includes a bellows 33 which is connected via conduit 34 and check valve 35 with the crankcase 5 of the engine. In this way, the bellows 33 is charged with the underpressure present in the crankcase 5 during operation of the engine. With a sufficiently high underpressure in the bellows 33, the positioning rod 31 travels back and pivots the choke flap 15 via the positioning lever 22 into an at-rest position wherein the choke flap lies approximately on the central longitudinal axis 18 of the air intake channel 13 and clears the full pass-through cross-section of the latter.
In the standstill condition of the engine, the choke flap 15, which is integrated into the carburetor 13, is closed because of the leg spring on the shaft 17 and acting in a direction 19. Simultaneously in this position, the throttle flap 12 is held open in its half-throttle position of approximately 30.degree. by levers 23 and 24 against the force of its leg spring acting in the direction 20. When the engine is thrown on and during run-up thereof, the underpressure obtained via the check valve 35 from the crankcase 5 charges the bellows 33 via conduit 34 in response to which the bellows pulls on the positioning rod 31. In this way, the choke flap 15 is transferred into its open position via positioning lever 22 insofar as the motor continues to run up. Because of the displacement movement of the choke flap 15, the throttle flap 12 is slowly released so that the latter is displaced into the idle position in the direction 20 by means of the leg spring associated therewith. However, the throttle flap 12 reaches the idle position, in time, after the complete opening of the choke flap so that shortly after the start, an increased idle is provided and the engine can burn itself free of the overrich mixture.
In order to obtain an opening of the choke flap 15 which is dependent on the ambient temperature and on the temperature of the engine, a thermostat valve 36 is provided and is connected in the conduit 34 between the check valve 35 and the bellows 33. The thermostat valve 36 is mounted on the cylinder head 4 and is preferably attached between the cooling ribs 37 thereof. The thermostat valve 36 changes the flow-through cross-section of the conduit 34 in dependence upon the temperature.
The thermostat valve 36 is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 and essentially comprises three parts 36a to 36c. A bimetal 36e is centrally mounted on a centric lug 36d in the cup-shaped intermediate piece 36b. The bimetal 36e is braced on the cover 36a of the thermostat valve 36 via a spring 36f. A sealing ring 36g is mounted coaxially around the centric lug 36d on which the rounded cap-shaped bimetal 36e lies in seal-tight engagement when beneath its switching temperature. The conduit 34 coming from check valve 35 opens inside the sealing ring 36g via the connecting stub 36h whereas, the conduit section leading to the bellows 33 is connected at connecting stub 36i which opens into the cup-shaped space 36k of the intermediate piece 36b. A series connection of throttles 36l of large cross-section is mounted in the base 36c. The throttles 36l connect the chamber within the sealing ring 36g with the cup-shaped chamber 36k which is, in turn, connected via connecting stub 36i with the bellows 33. For this purpose, a bypass 36m is provided in the wall of cup-shaped intermediate piece 36b.
Beneath the switching temperature, the bimetal 36e lies tightly against the sealing ring 36g so that a very intense throttling via the series connection of throttles 36l and bypass 36m is provided for a sufficiently slow draw-in speed of the bellows 33. By means of the series connection of several throttles 36l having a large cross-section, effectively the same throttle value is obtained as for a throttle with a small pass-through cross-section; however, the danger of blockage of such a series connection of throttles is substantially less.
As soon as the switching temperature is reached, the bimetal snaps back away from the sealing ring 36g and clears the direct connection of the connecting stub 36h with the connecting stub 36i wherein no throttle path is provided thereby assuring that, with the start procedure of a warm engine, the choke flap 15 is rapidly opened in order to prevent a too intense overriching of the mixture.
Notwithstanding the rapid opening of the choke flap, an overenrichment nontheless occurs at the beginning of the starting operation which must be compensated by a rev-up of the engine in the starting phase. For this purpose, the bellows 33 is configured as will now be explained.
Referring to FIG. 6, the lower end of the bellows 33 is tied down to the base 33a; whereas, the other end is buttoned to a one button part 31a of the positioning rod 31. The positioning rod 31 is extended into the interior of the bellows 33 as a spiral pressure spring 31b with the free end of the spiral spring 31b carrying a slider 31c which is guided in a cylindrical seat 33b in the base 33a. The suction opening 33c opens into the cylindrical seat and communicates with the inner chamber of the bellows 33 via a connecting opening 31e in the slider 31c. Further, a bypass 33d is provided which detours around the suction opening 33c. The bypass 33d has a lower pass-through cross-section than the suction opening 33c. The spiral spring 31b, the cylindrical seat 33b, the slider 31c as well as a valve element 31e held in the slider are coaxial to the center longitudinal axis 33 f of the bellows 33. The bellows 33 is connected via the connecting stub 33e with the conduit 34 coming from the thermostat valve 36.
If the engine is thrown on with a completely open cross-section of the thermostat valve 36, air will be drawn relatively rapidly by suction from the bellows via the bypass 33d and the connecting opening 31e so that a rapid initial stroke movement of the positioning rod 31 is obtained.
In this opened position, which however does not yet correspond to the at-rest position, the throttle flap 12 is still held in a partial throttle position via levers 23 and 24 so that also with a rapid opening of the choke flap 15, the engine can rev up and burn itself free of the initial overenrichment.
The rapid starting stroke movement continues until the valve element 31d mounted to the slider 31c seals the suction opening 33c and only the suction cross-section of the bypass 33d is still open. The positioning rod 31 is guided in the seat 33b via the stretched spiral spring 31b during the rapid initial stroke movement. After the valve element 31d lies seal-tight on the base of the seat 33b, the bellows 33 moves through the slower end portion of the stroke movement whereat the spiral spring 31b is pressed together. During the slower terminal portion of the stroke movement, the choke flap 15 is transferred into its at-rest position wherein the choke flap completely releases the throttle flap so that the latter can move over into the idle speed position because of its leg spring. After an initial run-up, the rotational speed of the engine drops down to the idle speed.
If the engine is operated too rich during the starting phase because of unfavorable operating conditions such that it no longer starts, it can be purposeful to provide an emergency start device 40 (FIGS. 7 and 8). The device 40 is made up of a detent 41 which can be brought into the pivot path of the throttle lever 10 and with which the throttle lever is latched into a given position. In this position, the throttle flap 12 is opened via the throttle linkage 11 and the choke flap 15 is brought into its open position via the coupling rod 28.
As shown in FIG. 8, the detent 41 has a first cylindrical portion 41a which is axially guided in a bushing 42. The bushing 42 is attached in the handle housing 9 and is preferably welded in place. The free end of portion 41a is configured as a push button and has a collar which has a diameter greater than the inner diameter of the bushing 42. On the other end lying in the bushing 42, a second portion 41b extends from the detent 41 and is configured so as to have a lesser diameter. The second portion 41b is tightly connected with the first portion 41a by means of an extension engaging axially into the first portion 41a.
The free end of the second portion 41b passes through the base of the bushing and has a collar 41c which has a diameter greater than the pass-through opening in the base. A spiral spring 43 is mounted in the bushing. The spring 43 braces itself with one of its ends on the base of the bushing 42 and with its other end on the free annular surface of the first portion 41a and so applies force to the detent 41 pushing it out of the bushing into an at-rest position.
To actuate the emergency start device 40, the throttle lever 10 is pivoted in the direction of full throttle about the axis 38 until the latch 41, parallel to pin 38, can be pushed into the pivot path of throttle lever 10 by pressing down against the force of spring 43. If the throttle lever is released, it comes to rest against the detent 41 in the direction toward the idle speed position whereby the given position for the start is set. The axis 39 of the detent 41 is such that, in the latched position, the throttle flap 12 as well as the choke flap 15 are held in the open position by means of the throttle lever 10.
Preferably, the emergency start device 40 is so configured that the collar 41c of the detent 41 lies against the side 10a of the throttle lever facing away from the detent in the latching position. In this way, it is assured that the detent is held on the throttle lever in a form-tight manner and blocks the latter without the throttle lever becoming unlatched by blows and vibrations caused when starting.
After the motor has started, the detent becomes unlatched by again actuating the throttle lever 10. The detent jumps into its at-rest position because of the spring 43. By pivoting the throttle lever 10 in the idle position, the throttle flap 12 is transferred into the idle position while the choke flap 15 is held in its at-rest position by means of the actuating device 32.
In order to ensure a rapid ventilation of the bellows 33 at standstill of the motor, the check valve 35 is configured as a membrane valve. Referring to FIG. 3, the check valve has a base 35a with an opening 35b which is closeable by a membrane pretensioned in the direction of the opening. The membrane 35c is fastened to the base and is preferably a steel membrane. The steel membrane is covered by means of a cup-like upper housing part 35d which lies on the base 35a in a seal-tight manner. The stroke of the steel membrane 35c is limited by means of a stop 35e in the upper housing part 35d. The pretensioning of the steel membrane is given by its bending radius. The surface of the base 35a facing towards the steel membrane 35c has a flat finish to ensure a leak-free sealing.
A housing 35f is provided beneath the base 35a and has a storage volume 35g. The lower part 35f of the housing is connected via connecting stub 35h with the conduit 34 leading to the thermostat valve 36 while the connecting stub 35i leads to the crankcase 5.
If an underpressure is present in the crankcase 5, then the opening 35b is opened and the air volume is drawn by suction from the bellows 33 via conduit 34. If a definite overpressure is present in crankcase 5, then the membrane 35c lies seal-tight against the base 35a and closes the opening 35b in a leak-tight manner. This dynamic sealing ensures that the valve is opened only during underpressure phases in the crankcase 5. The membrane 35c pretensioned in the opening direction further assures that the bellows 33 will be directly ventilated again when the engine is at standstill. The choke flap 15 therefore closes immediately if, during a starting procedure, the engine does not start because of a deficiency in fuel with bellows 33, however, drawn in.
Because of the storage volume 35g in the check valve 35, it is assured that the overpressure portion associated with each overpressure phase in the crankcase is compensated for, the overpressure portion penetrating into the conduit system up to closure of the membrane 35c.
It can be advantageous to configure the thermostat valve 36 as a continuously regulating valve in lieu of a position control valve. For this purpose, a given flow cross-section is continuously changed in dependence upon temperature whereby a good adaptation on the particular operating and ambient temperature is obtained.
It is understood that the foregoing description is that of the preferred embodiments of the invention and that various changes and modifications may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An automatic starting arrangement for an internal combustion engine such as the manually startable engine of a chain saw equipped with a carburetor defining an intake channel through which air flows to the engine, the engine having a crankcase wherein underpressure develops during the operation thereof, the arrangement comprising: a choke flap movably mounted in the intake channel so as to be movable from a start position to a no-choke at-rest position; first resilient biasing means for resiliently biasing said choke flap into said start position; a throttle flap mounted in the intake channel so as to be movable between a first position corresponding to the idle running condition of the engine and a second position corresponding to the full-throttle running condition of the engine; manually operable throttle lever means connected to said throttle flap for actuating the same; second resilient biasing means for resiliently biasing said throttle flap toward said first position; said flaps being mounted one behind the other when viewed in the direction of air flow to the engine; coupling means for position-dependently coupling said flaps together so as to cause said choke flap to hold said throttle flap against the force of said second resilient biasing means in a predetermined position between said first and second positions thereof when said choke flap is in said start position; actuating means for moving said choke flap into said at-rest position in response to said underpressure; and, said coupling means including decoupling means for decoupling said throttle flap from said choke flap when the latter is in said at-rest position so as to permit said throttle flap to be adjustable by said throttle lever means independently of the position of said choke flap.
2. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 1, said coupling means being configured so as to cause said throttle flap to be held in a half-throttle position corresponding to an opening angle of approximately 30.degree..
3. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 1, said throttle lever means including a throttle lever operatively connected to said throttle flap, the arrangement comprising detent means for blocking said throttle lever in a predetermined position wherein said throttle flap and said choke flap are held in respective open positions.
4. An automatic starting arrangement for an internal combustion engine such as the manually startable engine of a chain saw equipped with a carburetor defining an intake channel through which air flows to the engine, the engine having a crankcase wherein underpressure develops during the operation thereof, the arrangement comprising: a choke flap movably mounted in the intake channel so as to be movable from a start position to a no-choke at-rest position; a throttle flap mounted in the intake channel so as to be movable between a first position corresponding to the idle running condition of the engine and a second position corresponding to the full-throttle running condition of the engine; said flaps being mounted one behind the other when viewed in the direction of air flow to the engine; coupling means for position-dependently coupling said flaps together so as to cause said choke flap to hold said throttle flap in a predetermined position between said first and second positions thereof when said choke flap is in said start position; actuating means actuable in dependence upon the operating condition of the engine for moving said choke flap into said at-rest position; said coupling means including decoupling means for decoupling said throttle flap from said choke flap when the latter is in said at-rest position; said choke flap having a shaft pivotally mounted in the intake channel; said throttle flap having a shaft likewise pivotally mounted in the intake channel; and, said coupling means including a choke flap lever and a throttle flap lever fixedly attached to respective ones of said shafts for rotation therewith, said levers being configured to lie one against the other for holding said throttle flap in said predetermined position.
5. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 4, said coupling means including a coupling linkage for operatively connecting said flaps to each other in the opening direction of said throttle flap.
6. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 4, said actuating means including a bellows operatively connected to said choke lever, said bellows also being operatively connected to the crankcase of the engine for responding to an underpressure therein to actuate said choke lever.
7. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 6, said actuating means comprising a check valve interposed between said bellows and the crankcase.
8. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 7, said check valve comprising a housing communicating with the crankcase of the engine and having an opening communicating with said bellows, a membrane mounted in said housing so as to be disposed between said opening and the crankcase, said membrane being pretensioned in the opening direction and toward said crankcase.
9. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 8, said housing being configured to have a storage volume.
10. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 7, said actuating means comprising a thermostat valve disposed between said check valve and said bellows; and, a conduit interconnecting said check valve, said thermostat valve, said bellows and the crankcase, said thermostat valve being configured so as to change the pass-through cross-section of said conduit in dependence upon temperature.
11. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 10, said thermostat valve being mounted on a cylinder of the engine.
12. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 11, said thermostat valve being mounted between cooling ribs of the engine.
13. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 10, said thermostat valve comprising throttle means for throttling the flow through said conduit, said throttle means having a first cross-section and a second cross-section greater than said first cross-section; and, a bimetal valve having a predetermined switching temperature, said bimetal valve being configured so as to clear said first cross-section beneath said temperature and to clear said second cross-section above said temperature.
14. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 10, said thermostat valve being configured so as to continuously change a predetermined cross-section in dependence upon temperature.
15. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 13, said first cross-section being a plurality of throttles of large cross-section connected in series.
16. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 14, said bellows including: a connecting member connected to said choke lever for actuating the latter, said connecting member being arranged to move through a predetermined stroke distance; and, valve means for controlling the speed at which said connecting member is moved through said distance, said valve means including means for changing the cross-section through which air is drawn from said bellows after said connecting member has moved through a predetermined portion of said stroke distance.
17. The automatic starting arrangement of claim 16, said bellows including a base; and, said last-mentioned means including a suction opening formed in said base and a valve body operatively connected to said connecting member for closing said suction opening toward the end of the movement through said stroke distance, said last-mentioned means further including a bypass bypassing said suction opening.
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