Glass for Multi-Focal Eyeglass Lens

The present invention relates to a glass composition suitable for a high refractive index segment which can form a multi-focal eyeglass lens by fusion bonding to a major portion composed of a lightweight glass having a medium refractive index.

In recent years, a lightweight eyeglass lens having a medium refractive index prepared from a glass having a relatively high refractive index n.sub.d of 1.60 to 1.61 but having a relatively small specific gravity of 2.5 to 2.6 has been commercially available. Such a lens has widely been made habitual use because lens is thinner and lighter than conventional lens having n.sub.d of 1.523 and provides improved sense of beauty and improved feeling of wearing. However, in the case that a fusion bonding type multi-focal lens is prepared using as a main portion a lightweight glass having a medium refractive index as described above, there is an inconvenience that the conventional glass for segment cannot be used. This is for the reasons that in the case of preparing a fusion bonding type multi-focal lens, it is generally required that the coefficient of thermal expansion of the segment be approximated to that of the main portion to prevent cracking after fusion bonding, and the softening point of the segment be set to a temperature slightly lower than the softening point of the main portion so as not to cause distortion of the main portion upon fusion bonding but the conventional glass for segment does not necessarily satisfy such requirements.

Therefore, the glass for segment having thermal properties suitable for a lightweight glass having a medium refractive index, namely, having a coefficient of thermal expansion of 82 to 95.times.10.sup.-7 and a softening point (Littleton Point) of 560.degree. to 640.degree. C., and having a high refractive index n.sub.d of 1.67 to 1.72 is demanded.

A glass which almost satisfies those requirements is, for example, SF 8 (coefficient of thermal expansion=91.times.10.sup.-7, softening point=595.degree. C., n.sub.d =1.68893) or SF 15 (coefficient of thermal expansion=90.times.10.sup.-7, softening point=595.degree. C., n.sub.d =1.69895) introduced in catalogue (1980 version) by Schott & Gen (West Germany). However, these glasses involve a disadvantage that their chromatic aberration is large due to their large dispersion (.nu..sub.d =31.18 and 30.07, respectively). Accordingly, a large Abbe number .nu..sub.d is also the requirement necessary in the glass for segment.

In order to obtain a glass having a high refractive index, it is generally known to increase the proportion of components having high atomic valency of trivalent or more. As a result, however, the softening point of the glass increases and the coefficient of thermal expansion decreases. Conversely, the proportion of alkali metal oxides is increased in order to reduce the softening point of the glass and increase the coefficient of thermal expansion, but the refractive index decreases. Alkaline earth oxides impart middle properties between components of high atomic valency and alkali metal oxides. On the other hand, PbO decreases a softening point and reduces a coefficient of thermal expansion while it imparts a high refractive index.

As a result of extensive investigations on combinations of various components described above, it has been found that a glass having the desired properties can be obtained by mixing alkali metal oxides and alkaline earth oxides or ZnO with PbO and strictly restricting the proportional relation of these components, and the present invention has been accomplished.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a glass for segment having properties of a coefficient of thermal expansion of 82 to 95.times.10.sup.-7, a softening point of 560.degree. to 640.degree. C., n.sub.d of 1.67 to 1.73 and .nu..sub.d .gtoreq.33 and which is capable of forming a glass for multi-focal eyeglass by fusion bonding to a main portion composed of commercially available, lightweight glass materials having a medium refractive index. No glass having such properties has been known heretofore.

The glass of the present invention has a composition comprising, in % by weight,

32 to 40% SiO.sub.2 +B.sub.2 O.sub.3 +Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;

22 to 40% SiO.sub.2 ;

0 to 10% B.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;

0 to 4% Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 ;

4 to 10% Li.sub.2 O+Na.sub.2 O+K.sub.2 O;

0 to 4% Li.sub.2 O;

0 to 7% Na.sub.2 O;

0 to 7% K.sub.2 O;

30 to 47% PbO;

3 to 24% BaO+SrO+CaO+MgO+ZnO;

0 to 20% BaO;

0 to 15% SrO;

0 to 10% CaO;

0 to 8% MgO;

0 to 15% ZnO; and

1 to 7% ZrO.sub.2 ;

wherein the weight ratio of alkali metal oxides/PbO=0.1 to 0.3, and has the properties of n.sub.d =1.67 to 1.73, .nu..sub.d .gtoreq.33, a coefficient of thermal expansion=82 to 95.times.10.sup.-7 and a softening point=560.degree. to 640.degree. C. The present invention embraces not only a glass for segment but also a multi-focal eyeglass lens composed of the glass in combination with a lightweight glass having a medium refractive index.

The components constituting the glass of the present invention is explained in detail below. All percents herein are by weight.

The total amount of SiO.sub.2, B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 is limited to 32 to 40% in order to obtain a refractive index of the desired range. Further, in order to obtain a desired softening point, SiO.sub.2 can be replaced by B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3 up to 10% and 4%, respectively. However, the replacement in larger amounts is not preferred since such results in deterioration of chemical durability and resistance to devitrification. In the case that SiO.sub.2 is replaced by B.sub.2 O.sub.3 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, the amount of SiO.sub.2 can be reduced to 22%.

LiO.sub.2, Na.sub.2 O and K.sub.2 O are contained in amounts up to 4%, 7% and 7%, respectively. If the total amount thereof exceeds 10%, the coefficient of thermal expansion becomes excessively large and the softening point becomes too low. Further, if the total amount thereof is less than 4%, the coefficient of thermal expansion becomes too small.

PbO requires at least 30% in order to obtain a desired high refractive index, but if the amount thereof exceeds 47%, a desired Abbe number cannot be maintained.

Further, in order to obtain the desired coefficient of thermal expansion and softening point, the weight ratio of alkali metal oxides/PbO should be in a range of 0.1 to 0.3.

Furthermore, in order to adjust the coefficient of thermal expansion, softening point and Abbe number to the desired ranges, the total amount of BaO, SrO, CaO, MgO and ZnO should be in a range of 3 to 24%. BaO, SrO, CaO, MgO and ZnO result in poor resistance to devitrification upon fusion bonding if the amounts of these components exceed 20%, 15%, 10%, 8% and 15%, respectively.

Further, in order to obtain the desired coefficient of thermal expansion and softening point, the weight ratio of alkaline earth oxides to PbO, alkaline earth oxides/PbO, should be between 0.2 and 0.6.

ZrO.sub.2 contributes to improve the chemical durability and it is advantageous to incorporate it in an amount of 1% or more but if the amount thereof exceeds 7%, devitrification resistance rapidly deteriorates. In addition, the spirit of the present invention is not affected by replacing La.sub.2 O.sub.3, TiO.sub.2, etc., for a part of ZrO.sub.2 or by incorporating As.sub.2 O.sub.3, Sb.sub.2 O.sub.3, F, etc., for purposes of purification, decolorization, etc.

Examples of the present invention are shown in the following table, wherein respective components are expressed in % by weight.

Glasses described above can be prepared by roughly melting a mixture of raw materials conventionally used such as siliceous stone powder, boric acid, aluminum hydroxide, lisage, barium carbonate, zinc flowers, zirconium oxide, etc., in a refractory crucible at 1,250.degree. to 1,300.degree. C., transferring the melt into a platinum-made crucible, remelting at 1,300.degree. to 1,350.degree. C., stirring the melt to homogenize, removing bubbles, casting into a mold previously heated at an appropriate temperature and then annealing the product.

While the invention has been described in detail and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope thereof.