US 4,464,719 AGrant
Off-Line Method of Depicting Piping Items of Pipe Specification Files of a Computer-Aided Graphics System, Without Duplications Occurring
Issue Date:1984-08-07
•6 Claims
•6 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A present invention relates to a method of depicting piping items of a pipe specification file of a computer-dominated piping graphics system, off-line, irrespective of piping class and without duplication. Interactive report generation increases likelihood of effective batch operations.
Metadata
Assignee
- Chevron Research Company
Inventor
- Richard A. Spellmann
Application Information
Application Number:US 3580636
Filing Date:1982-03-15
Priority Date:1979-12-28
Art Unit:237
Classifications
IPC:
G06F 1556
Field of Search:
364200 MS File;900 MS File;512
Patent Drawings (6 sheets)
Description
Field of the Invention
This relates to an improved method of providing isometric drawings of piping systems (and generating associated bills of material), both used in construction within an oil refinery, chemical plant, and the like.
Related Applications
The following application assigned to the assignee of the instant application is hereby incorporated by reference: Ser. No. 412,527 filed Nov. 2, 1973 for "Computer-aided Graphics System Including a Computerized Material Control System and Method of Using Same", L. Rosenthal et al, now Pat. No. 4,181,954, issued Jan. 1, 1980.
Background of the Invention
While the above-identified piping system dominates the market place related to automatic generation of isometric drawings and associated bills of materials in large-scale piping projects, improvements are always sought. E.g., within each piping specification file the same piping item--by material number--is set forth in several different piping classes. Result: the duplication of the items can unduly complicate the task of a project leader, especially during the initial phases of his project.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention relates to a novel off-line method by which each updated pipe specification record is scanned, by classes, to extract all material item numbers contained in their fields. Then after duplications of the same item number have been identified and eliminated, a material item ordering description report is generated of all unduplicated items. Result: the user has a "quick-look" overview of the project in accordance with the piping items to be used.
Detailed Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating operations of an isometric and materials listing system in which an offline programmable method for depicting piping items is used;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating how piping items within pipe specification files can be depicted in accordance with the method of the present invention;
FIGS. 3a-3e are a flow chart of programmable method of FIG. 2; and
FIG. 4 illustrates the make-up of an individual pipe specification file.
Description of an Embodiment of the Present Invention
Refer now to FIG. 1, illustrating a computer-aided graphics system 510 in operation. The depicted computer-aided graphics system 510 provides an easy-to-understand input and output coding system as described, op. cit., capable of being used by a competent piping draftsman. Suffice it to say, that system 510 includes a computer 511, properly programmed to act on data in a preselected manner. That is to say, computer 511 is typically a large general purpose computer such as an IBM 7094 or IBM 360/65 having a central processor, a large high-speed memory and an input-output device or devices controlled by a central controller. Through operation of the computer 511, control signals are generated for manipulating the input data including project piping specification file 512.
It should be recalled that the computer 511 can be programmed to control operations in several ways: by specifically authorizing certain operations; by calls for input or output functions; by alternating flows of controls so that groups of statements can then be excited repeatedly or the sequence otherwise changed; as well as the insertion of certain statements which provide information without requiring further computation. As changes in the data occur to accumulation of results within the computer the output devices can be controlled to provide a magnetic tape 513 onto which have been read plotting signals for use in conjunction with a well-known CRT plotter 514 such as an SC-4060 CRT plotter to produce an isometric drawing 515.
In executing the program or programs in the computer memory, digital words--say a 32-bit word--are accessed from the memory and temporarily stored in the central processor. There, the operational code and arguments are interpreted and the appropriate action (such as add, shift, accumulate, load, store, control, print, etc.) is performed. As a result, sequence of data arrays is generated within the central processor and provide all information needed to display the three-dimensional pipeline as a planar representation at plotter 514. That is, a series of display command signals can be generated which can be recorded on the magnetic tape 513 for later loading into the plotter 514. The plotter 514 is a cathode ray device such as an SC-4020 or SC-4060 (Stromberg Datagraphics) or FR-80 (Information International). These devices convert the polotting tape data signals into lines and letters and record the information into microfilm at high speed. Two frames of information that make up each isometric drawing are completed every two seconds. The visual transfer to a complete engineering drawing is an enlargement on paper vellum of the two film frames. The left-hand frame, for example, portrays the actual isometric drawing with a list of materials, notes and references; and data and titles contained in the right-hand frame. The exact size of the drawing depends on a number of different factors including the make of the plotting device and the type of film, either 16 or 35 mm. film.
Codes
In reliance upon the analogy that control logic can be most appropriately illustrated from the input, output and intermediate data character, a detailed discussion of the data structure is set forth in FIG. 1, whereby overall cooperation of card and tape input data to the computer 511 is shown.
As shown, from user initiated data via data sheet 516, punched cards 517 can be provided. At processing time, the computer 511 can be loaded with associated inputs via magnetic tape, to wit: magnetic tape 518 related to dimensional data of the piping items; magnetic tape 519 related to a short description data file useful in providing easy-to-understand symbols for the final display; magnetic tape 520 utilized to input the "old" list of materials for each isometric so that as changes are made, the "new" list of materials can reflect these changes; and/or the magnetic tape 512 containing data fields related to individual piping items of the present invention, as discussed above and below in detail. All the above data bases are placed in memory within the computer 511, then fetched and manipulated by the control processor as needed to provide the desired function.
Since the piping specification file 512 is for the exclusive use of the user, appropriate instructional notes to aid in the correct selection of piping items in view of service conditions of the piping system are optionally available, as explained below. Upon presentation by the user-designer of the correct code, the required piping item of the specfication file is specified in terms of the correct usage of the item within the pipeline system. The piping specification file 512 is unique for each project containing specific material selections and design instructions for the plans being designed, with the file being used by the computer to provide the intelligence for selection of appropriate piping items from a coded input by the designer. It also provides title information for the isometric drawing blocks, as well as provides information for branching reinforcement, change in directions (elbows, miters, and so forth), valve temperature limitations and groupings of materials for shop fabrication, or field erection.
FIG. 4 illustrates a printout of an individual piping file for a particular piping class. With regard to the latter, recall that there can be similar piping data within the different piping classes of each file since the pipe classes only reflect for piping items broad categories for use related to type of service, temperature, and pressure conditions allowed for, etc.
As shown, the data of FIG. 4 is arranged in rows and columns. The rows along the left-hand side, are based upon the size of the pipe. The second column establishes an item number in alphanumeric format. The third column specifies a selection code to be utilized in the selection of individual fittings and valves. The fourth column specifies the description of the particular item number, and in printing out such a designation the short description file of FIG. 1 is utilized. The fifth column specified notes of interest.
Since each pipe specification file 512 is constantly being updated, a description of the method of creating such a file and cross-checking data is instructive.
As shown in FIG. 2, a piping specification file 512 can be created from a number of sources. For example, a master piping specification file 523 depicted as a magnetic tape, can be used. Similarly, an old piping specification file 524 can also be used, which is more up-to-date and more in line with the present object such as symbolized by magnetic tape input marked 524. Or, a complete input data card can be created as illustrated by card symbol 525. Within the computer, a file is created symbolized by block 526 in which various sort tables and decisional tables can be created by piping categories. Similarly, notes can be generated of a particular nature. File printouts 527 are accomplished using a printer after the new piping specification file has been inputted thereto in parallel with a short description file 528.
Assume the information has been inputted via the various sources indicated above; in order to depict material items without duplication, off-line programmable method 530 of the present invention is utilized, whereby such items are indicated by catalog description in a report 531 through cross-scanning of catalog file 532.
FIG. 3 illustrates steps provided by the programmed method 530 of the present invention.
Briefly, the method 530 is used off-line, in interactive form using a terminal connected to a remote computer rather in batch mode in conjunction with system computer 511 of FIG. 1. In that way, process utilization time can be maximized.
As shown in FIG. 3, after declaration and utilization steps have occurred at 535 a record is read, at 537. At 538, a determination is made to determine if the record read was a class record. If not, loop 539 is entered and a new record is read. If the record is a class record, then (after passing through "last record" step 540) the material item number from the class record is extracted at 541, where (i) the data is written out to a temporary file; and (ii) iteration loop 542 is entered and a new record is interrogated.
Next, the extracted material item numbers (on file temporarily), are scanned and duplications identified and eliminated. More particularly, after declaration and file opening steps have occurred at 544, the sorted record is read, at 545. After decisional steps at 546, 547, and 548, have occurred, the non-duplicated material item data are written out to the next program phase, generally indicated at 550. Note that any item suffixed by an asterisk has had the latter replaced via loop 549.
Within next phase 543, the programmed method of the present invention provides for a printed report of all material items by catalog description irrespective of class and without duplication. As shown, after declaration and initialization steps have occurred at 551, the sorted record is read, at 552. If the record is the end of the file, a decisional step at 553 causes loop 554 to be entered where a note file 555 is searched and a write-out step of the located notes occurs at 556.
Otherwise, the searched item numbers are crossindexed to a full descriptions file at 557. At 557, a determination is made as to whether or not the item number can be cross-indexed to the catalog description. If it cannot, loop 558 is entered, and the item is written out as a rejected item at 559. If item is cross-indexable, the description is extracted at 560 and written out at 561. Iteration loop 562 is then entered and the process repeated for a new record.
The present invention has been successfully implemented and the program listing thereof is set forth below. While an embodiment and listing have been set forth in detail, variations are readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the invention is to be given its broadest interpretation within the purview of the following claims. ##SPC1##
Claims
What is claimed is:
1. An off-line method of eliminating duplicate piping items associated with a pipe specification file of a computer-aided graphics system for generating a material ordering description report, said file containing unsorted piping items from a plurality of different piping classes but all of said piping items being associated with the same individual pipeline project, said system having two-dimensional pipeline coordinate axes, a planar axonometric representation of a three-dimensional pipeline in which material and non-material piping elements of said pipeline are associated with a multibit digital code representative of a series of workpoints compatible for use within a digital computer system, and workpoints including dominant and subservient points having known coordinates with respect to intersecting axes X, Y and Z, and being identified in relative three-dimensional coordinates by a distance (d) between points and values of angles of a straight line intersecting them as related to orthogonal planes of reference, comprising: (A) inputting, off-line, said pipe specification file associated with said pipeline project both (i) as machine readable dara words or portions of words, and (ii) as a function of a piping classification index containing different classes of said piping items in a preselected data format, for operation within said system; (B) scanning said inputted pipe specification file, class record-by-class record, to identify and then eliminate duplications, of said items of said file associated with said project irrespective of class origin; and (C) displaying said piping items of (B) in association with a stored code of catalog order descriptions of said items, to generate said material ordering description report whereby a general overview of the project is efficiently provided.
2. Method of claim 1 in which step (B) includes sorting said inputted piping information by piping class and by material item number, and then storing said material item numbers in a temporary file.
3. Method of claim 2 in which said sort step is done on a two-tier iterative basis.
4. Method of claim 2 with the additional substeps of (i) sorting said piping items stored in said temporary file on a basis of material item number of increasing or decreasing order, (ii) scanning said sorted items of (i) to eliminate duplications irrespective of class origin, and (iii) passing unduplicated piping items of (ii) on.
5. Method of claim 4 in which step (C) includes (i') cross-linking said unduplicated piping items with catalog order descriptions, and (ii') printing each item with its individual cross-linked catalog order description as said material ordering description report.
6. Method of claim 5 in which substep (i') includes linking all said piping items with all accumulated note references and in which substep (ii') includes printing accumulated note references, after all piping items have been indicated.