US 4,464,122 AGrant
Health Potential Summary and Incentive System
Issue Date:1984-08-07
•14 Claims
•16 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A health potential study and summary makes use of a multiple-page, relatively comprehensive, questionnaire for the individual, an analysis of answers to the questionnaire in readable summary form and an abbreviated life-style resume of the analysis coupled with a visually graphic portrayal of health potential on a graduated scale. The questionnaire is divided into different categories of health affecting subjects arranged so that answers in the form of yes, no, unanswered, or degree rated against a specified rate scale, are placed in a score box adjacent the question. The questionnaire includes an actual food intake diary for a specified period of days and an exercise report. The analysis and appropriate comments are presented in printed form for the respective categories in a manner comparing ideal conditions against actual conditions of the individual where prevailing conditions are picked from the score boxes and commentary and recommendations selected from a data bank according to score. The resume is a printed, color accented, numerically comparative box score showing how the health rating of the subject in the respective categories compares with rating levels portrayed respectively at levels identified as recommended, elevated or risk, and accompanied by a final health incentive feature wherein the actual age of the subject is compared with his age as appraised by the summary and a relative age achievable by compliance with the recommendations.
Metadata
Inventors
- Berkeley Fuller
- Linda Soll
- Margretta Obrecht
- Gary Poole
- Edward F. Campbell, Jr.
- Margaret Parsons
- Valerie P. P. Chun
- David R. Shearer
- Thomas M. Cashman
Application Information
Application Number:US 4463447
Filing Date:1982-12-02
Priority Date:1982-12-02
Art Unit:334
Classifications
IPC:
G09B 1900
Field of Search:
434128283319;320;321;322;262;1276301 A;56
Patent Drawings (16 sheets)
Description
The invention relates to a system giving rise to a method for generating a summary in the form of commentary and recommendations with respect to the health of a subject, which results further in an abbreviated resume, visually accented in some fashion, so as to draw the subject's attention not only to the subject's physical condition, but an improved condition which could be achieved by making sundry suggested changes in a person's life-style. The arrangement of the system is, moreover, one which not only is as complete as good practice permits, but also one which can be effectively used for the benefit of a relatively large number of subjects in a fashion capable of producing the commentary, recommendations and resume relatively quickly, largely automatically, and with virtually a minimum need for professional consultation either before the system is applied to the subject's needs or after the commentary, recommendations and resume have been completed.
Various techniques have been applied heretofore, having for their purpose to change irrational and health-threatening behaviors. Two inversely positioned paradigms or philosophies have reigned. One is that the physician is in control of the communication and, in effect, orders his patients to act in a prescribed fashion. Many studies which have been made to uncover the causes of what is called low patient compliance with doctor's orders show that most people have not, for example, lost weight, stopped smoking, started exercising, etc., in response to having had their doctor tell them to do so, in a general abstract or even an authoritative way.
The opposite paradigm for changing individual health behavior may be called the public health or educational approach. This approach posits that it is possible to communicate in an education-like style with individuals to let such individuals know the consequences of their present behavior in a way that best combines individualized data with machine mass processing capability. Health risk appraisal programs currently in vogue stem primarily from the public health educational approach and leave the personal physician outside of the educational loop.
In addition to health advisory publications, various of which include the consequences of good and bad health habits by means of tables and charts, some health promotion institutions have inaugurated programs of questionnaires and the resulting tabulation of information, ultimately returned to the subject in the guise of recommendations. Many of these are available from the Office of Health Information, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Typical of some of these is the publication "Health 80's for Hospitals" by Medical Datamation. This program features a somewhat extensive questionnaire respecting health habits which results in the production of a computerized response.
Another is a questionnaire promulgated by the Institute for Personal Health, with a somewhat complex arrangement for rated answers to each of the various questions which produces a report after being appropriately analyzed by an expert staff.
Another of more limited character appears in the form of a single sheet, two-page "Personal Risk Profile" prepared by General Health, Inc. Others also are available, usually directed to some specific factor influencing health.
Although such programs as have heretofore been available undertake to remedy sundry specific health conditions, they have been such that for large scale production there is too great a demand for individual analysis by a professional staff or, on the contrary too impersonal with respect to commentary and recommendations where such is derived from a computerized analysis. Little, if any, attention has been given to the problem of stimulating compliance on the part of the subject.
Typical of the approach heretofore taken has been to take some personal data on a given individual, and compare that data against other people in a normative data base who have had similar answers. Health expectations from that normative data base profile that most nearly matches the individual user's results have then been fed back to the user in such forms as chronological vs. health habits age, and with such extremely generalized recommendations for behavior changes as a recommendation that use of seat belts 75% of the time or more will increase the subject's odds for a longer life.
It is therefore among the objects of the invention to provide a new and improved system and method for health potential analysis directed to persuading a maximum number of subjects to make the maximum amount of positive, healthy, life-style change.
Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved system and method for health potential analysis wherein the subject matter of the areas of inquiry are expanded in order to provide a more comprehensive variety of information for analysis.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved system and method for health potential analysis wherein a portion of the input upon which the analysis is based is predicated upon actual current dietary information and present exercise information, in addition to other more conventional items of information.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved system and method for health potential analysis laterally expanded with respect to the character of information which includes information respecting stressful life events in the subject's recent life.
Still further among the objects of the invention is to provide in a new and improved system and method for health potential analysis a means for cross-correlating the different expanded areas of inquiry and information so that commentary and recommendations to the subject directed to specific categories take into consideration conditions outside of such categories but which have an actual impact upon the commentary and recommendations given to the subject.
Further included among the objects of the invention is to provide a new and improved system and method for health potential analysis which includes a graphic persuasively presented resume in a manner such that the subject need have no knowledge or appreciation for computerized sophisticated recommendations but need only be capable of reading simple, layman-like language and figures, brought to the subject's attention in a graphic fashion which itself is formulated to have a persuasive effect upon the ultimate compliance of the subject.
Another object of the invention is directed to helping the subject understand the meaning of risk-taking in relation to personal behavior patterns and that how the person lives often determines how the person dies; which demonstrates through concepts of risk and achievable age the effects of risk taking, showing that individual risks not only add to but compound one another; which personalizes the life-style hazards to help the subject realize that such hazards can apply to the subject, which indicates by the commentary and recommendations the relative importance of life-style risks, thereby to enable the subject to choose which risks to eliminate; which by commentary and recommendations conveys a sense of urgency to help motivate the individual to make changes, and which provides a prospect and measure of reduced risk if certain bad habits are altered.
With these and other objects in view, the invention consists of the arrangement and combination of the various aspects of the system, serving as an example only of one or more embodiments of the invention, whereby the objects contemplated are attained, as hereinafter disclosed in the specification, and pointed out in the appended claims.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the computer program summary.
FIG. 2 is a reproduction of a portion of the health appraisal section of the questionnaire for the health potential summary.
FIG. 3 is a reproduction of a portion of the stress information section of the questionnaire.
FIG. 4 is a reproduction of a portion of the exercise section of the questionnaire.
FIG. 5 is a portion of the nutrition analysis section of the questionnaire.
FIG. 6 is a reproduction of the food diary form for one day of the food diary record.
FIGS. 7a, 7b and 7c are reproductions of portions of the nutrition section of resulting recommendations of the health potential summary.
FIG. 8 is a reproduction of a portion of the exercise section of the recommendations.
FIG. 9 is a portion of the non-nutrition intake section of the recommendations.
FIG. 10 is a reproduction of a portion of the stress section of the recommendations.
FIG. 11 is a reproduction of a portion of the health potential age section of the recommendations.
FIGS. 12a and 12b are reproductions of multi-color summary sheets of recommendations in the form of a compact resume.
FIG. 13 is a more detailed schematic diagram of the computer program showing the intermixing of program material.
In an embodiment of the invention chosen for the purpose of illustration the method of preparing a health potential analysis involves employment of three different documents. These comprise a multi-page questionnaire, a multiple page printout of individual recommendations compared with typical recommendations, and a very abbreviated two-page resume of the recommendations. To bridge the process between collection of answers to the questionnaire and the reproduction of a set of recommendations, the method makes use of a data bank in which is stored a multiplicity of recommendations designed to fit as many as possible of circumstances which are likely to be made reference to by answers to the questionnaire, and a multiplicity of encoded "free language" extracted from answers to the questionnaire's exercise and nutrition sections. So that the information in the data bank may be properly called upon for reproduction, the items of information are keyed to what may readily be described as "scorebox" answers or combination of answers in the questionnaire, so that when the recommendations are printed on the subject's multiple page health potential summary recommendations they will be in a proper recommended order and at the same time relate personally to the subject's habits and life style.
The schematic diagram of FIG. 1, which is in effect a flow sheet of the sundry steps as they are taken, is a guide for introducing the information which has been collected about a subject or use to the data bank where it is sorted out and made use of in triggering imprintation of recommendations together with comment and "free language" at a properly prepared location in the health potential summary recommendations from which is extracted the resume of information. The result achieved by the resume is the substance of the recommendations which can be obtained with a moment of reading.
To collect the information on a particular subject or user, indicated by the reference character 10, use is made of a multiple page health potential summary questionnaire. The questionnaire consists of different parts, as for example page 11, identified as Part 1: Health Appraisal Questions, a portion of which is shown in FIG. 2. A second part of the health potential summary questionnaire exemplified by pages 12, 12' in FIG. 3, is identified as Part 2: Stress Information. Still another part of the health potential summary questionnaire identified as Part 3: Exercise Data, is exemplified by pages 13, 13' of FIG. 4. FIG. 5, which is devoted to Part 4: Nutrition Analysis, is exemplified by page 14.
Another unnumbered part of the health potential summary questionnaire, as exemplified in FIG. 6, consists of a Food Diary, page 15, for a succession of selected days, as exemplified particularly by day 1, as shown in FIG. 6. Still another part of the health potential summary questionnaire, not shown by way of printed example, is a part identified as Medical Records Data.
Of special note in providing answers to items in the health potential summary questionnaire is the box score depicted on the right of FIG. 2. Only 22 questions are pictured on pages 11, 11' of FIG. 2, out of a total number of questions which may number 35, 40 or even more. The questions in all instances are carefully selected as being questions the answers of which will be of appreciable significance in the achievement of an accurate and dependable result. The questions are also carefully phrased so that they can be effectively answered in a box score fashion.
Attention is directed to FIG. 2, page 11 where, for questions 1 and 2 a small box requires only a check mark for answer to the question, whereas for questions 3, 4 and 5 a larger box is selected where a selected numeral or figure is needed to answer the question.
A similar pattern is followed with respect to question 6, smaller boxes being provided where they need only to be checked and larger boxes provided where some selected figure must be chosen.
For a slightly different pattern of answering as shown for page 11', small boxes are provided for question 22, respectively applicable to a different number of hours of sleep, the span of which is proposed by the question. The balance of the group of questions illiciting health appraisal information, appearing on subsequent pages, are similarly set up for answer by way of a box score.
In illiciting stress information as depicted in FIG. 3, page 12 shows box scoring in a very slightly modified fashion. For the first list of 15 items of information, the boxes are in fact arranged for either a yes or no answer in the alternative, the answer being made by merely checking the proper box. For the lower set of information items on page 12' numbering eight in all in FIG. 3, a degree rated answer is required in accordance with a specified rate scale of four degrees. These are No. 1, meaning not at all; No. 2, meaning somewhat; No. 3, meaning moderately so; and No. 4, meaning very much so. The subject, or user need only place the appropriate numeral in the box as the box score. Additional catagories of emotional condition or feeling are also provided set up in a similar fashion.
In differentiating the categories, it should be noted that information for the upper category as depicted on FIG. 3 are items of information respecting circumstances which may have occured at any time, whereas the eight statements at the lower portion of FIG. 3 are concerned only with conditions at the moment of answering. Still another category can be information respecting feelings experienced as a general rule. Still another can be information respecting symptoms and complaints experienced by people generally, and experienced by the subject or user during a recent period as, for example, seven days. These are applied for example against a rate scale of 0, meaning not at all; 1, meaning a little bit; 2, meaning moderately; 3, meaning quite a bit; and 4, meaning extremely, the numerals being applied to the box in the form of a box score.
In view of the extremely wide variety of types of exercise which one user or another might enjoy, to the exclusion of most others, Part 3, illiciting exercise data information is set up with a multiplicity of suggestions. On this occasion a large box is provided for a numeral depicting the number of times the exercise was engaged in over the immediately preceeding two week period, followed by the length of time of the engagement. Here again, the answer is kept in simple form to the extent possible by the character of information needed so as to provide the answer in box score fashion.
Since nutrition is an extremely important factor in any health potential analysis program, the method here under consideration provides for supplying nutrition information in two distinctly different ways. As depicted by page 14 of FIG. 5, Part 4: Nutrition Analysis, first gives an example as to how the information should be given. Thereafter, on the left side of page 14 and succeeding pages, is listed virtually all of the customary food items which the average person is most likely to consume. To capture the answer in the quickest and easiest way, and in a manner such that the information can ultimately be fed into a data bank, suggestions are made for consumption daily, weekly or monthly, associated with the number of times for the selected period of the answer. Coupled with the manner of answering as described, the Part 4: Nutrition Analysis may conclude with questions such as whether or not the user is following a special diet; whether taking vitamins or food supplements; where foods are prepared as, for example, whether at home or restaurant prepared; and whether or not some foods are productive of allergies or not eaten for other special reasons.
In addition to the somewhat generalized analysis information for which is provided in the manner of FIG. 5, provision is also made for a specific food intake diary, as depicted by page 15 in FIG. 6. The diary for one day is depicted whereas the system contemplates diaries for additional days, preferably a minimum of three days and possibly additional days. As a guide for the subject or user in supplying the information requested on page 15, a dietary sequence is suggested which would in most instances be typical. The time is noted, the place noted, specific foods identified, method of preparation depicted, and especially the amount of intake of each specific food item. The system contemplates a detailed item by item summary of all foods and circumstances and quantities of consumption for each meal or snack for a specified number of days. Such days may be in sequence or scattered at intervals over a selected period of time. The diary is intended as a realistic record food intake and not one wherein eating habits have been reformed or qualified, circumstances which would impair the accuracy of the ultimate summary and recommendations.
The information respecting a particular subject or use now having been accumulated in written form in the health potential summary questionnaire is then ready for analysis where analysis may be required. To the extent that individual analysis may be needed in view of the character of the answers in the questionnaire, trained personnel following a procedural routine can be made use of. In conformance with the system, the analyzed subject matter together with the box score information is then appropriately fed into the computerized data bank following in general the schematic flow diagrams of FIG. 1.
For a more comprehensive understanding of how the varied items of information are cross-related to influence the recommendations, reference is made to the schematic diagram of FIG. 13, taken in company with identifying designations as follows:
31=Data base containing encoded data for center of disease control (CDC), stress and exercise
32=Data base containing encoded data for nutrition
33=Files containing paragraph results for CDC
34=Files containing paragraph results for stress
35=Files containing paragraph results for exercise
36=Files containing paragraph results for nutrition
37=File containing information for signal sheet
38=File containing information for CDC appraisal program
39=Source input document for HPS entry program
42-51=Programs (as specifically noted)
52=HPS recommendation output
53=Signal sheet output
54=Final recommendations output
55=Final signal sheet output
As depicted in FIG. 13, the health appraisal input, source input document for HPS entry program 39, comprises answers to the questionnaire previously made reference to, FIGS. 2 through 6, inclusive. This information is fed respectively to the computer programs identified as CDC Entry 42, Stress Entry 43, Exercise Entry 44, and Nutrition Entry 45. From here the information is fed variously, as indicated by the arrowed lines of FIG. 13. Upon being evaluated in accordance with a prearranged program, the information results in two outputs, namely, a health potential summary (HPS) recommendation output 52, and a signal sheet output 53. The HPS recommendation output 52 results in a printout 54 which is the material depicted by way of example in FIGS. 7a through FIG. 11, inclusive. The signal sheet output 53 results in a printout 55 exemplified by the previously described printout sheets depicted by way of example in FIGS. 12a and 12b.
In making the transition from the health appraisal input 39 to the two printouts 54 and 55, that portion of the health appraisal input represented by the center for disease control entry (CDC) 42 progresses in two directions, namely, to a modified center for disease control (CDC) appraisal 48 and to a data base 31 containing encoded data for CDC, stress and exercise. Additional modification for this information is possible as represented by the CDC modification 46 and CDC record retrieval 47, CDC information files 38 taken again with the CDC appraisal 48 for correction of individual records.
The ultimate appraisal of the CDC information is transferred to two outputs. For the signal sheet output 53 and printout 55 the information is first put through a signal sheet information evaluator or file 37, where it is compared and evaluated with respect to other items of information. Comparable CDC information travels a different route to the HPS recommendations output 52 and its corresponding printout 54. In the last instance the information is modified by information in a file 33 containing paragraph results for CDC. Additional modification also is derived as needed from the CDC modification program 46. Modification programs are to modify or change incorrect encoded data for individual records.
Stress information from the health appraisal input 39, after traveling to a stress entry program 43, is programmed comparably. Some information passes directly to the file 37 containing information for the signal sheet output 53 and printout 55. Other portions travel in part to the data base 31 and in part to a file 34 containing paragraph results for stress. Stress information entering the data base 31 undergoes modification if necessary, the result of which is transmitted to the same file 34, after which the paragraph information is communicated to the HPS recommendation output 52 and ultimately its corresponding printout 54. An example of the printout result can be noted in FIG. 10.
Exercise information is treated comparably. After the exercise entry 44, the exercise information is stored in the data base 31 and in part in file 37 containing information for the signal sheet output 53. The exercise information for the data base 31 undergoes modification, if necessary, by the exercise modification program 50, after which, together with exercise information traveling directly to the file 35 containing paragraph results for exercise, the paragraph results are transmitted to the HPS recommendations output 52 and its corresponding printout 54. An example of the results can be noted by the information on FIG. 8 previously made reference to.
Nutrition information from the health appraisal input 39 is correspondingly treated after reaching the nutrition entry 45. As previously described, the nutrition entry is stored in part in file 37 containing information for the signal sheet output 53 and its printout 55. Other nutrition information is stored in data base 32 containing encoded data for nutrition, modified if necessary by a nutrition modification program 51. The nutrition information, upon passing to the file 36 containing program results and paragraphs for nutrition, is then passed to the HPS recommendations output 52 and its corresponding printout 54, together with nutrition information directly from the nutrition entry 45 which travels a corresponding route.
It should be appreciated from the foregoing resume of appraisal of the varied items of health appraisal input that the HPS recommendations output for each item in turn is affected and modified systemmatically by other items and information and not evaluated independently. The intermix of evaluation additionally results in a printout such as depicted in FIG. 9, having to do with the effects of alcohol, tobacco and drugs.
Of special consequence is information with respect to the manner in which handling of the various programs affects age. Although chronological age is a printout merely of information given in the health appraisal input 39, the appraised age printout is derived from an evaluation of the various different items of information which have been passed through the evaluating process. As an inducement to abide by a recommended improved program, the printout of achievable age, also derived from an evaluation of information of various kinds, is shown in its relationship to actual age and appraised age, especially as a relative age younger than the others. Such an evaluation is of special value to persons of more mature years. In this context the printout 55 depicted, for example, in FIGS. 12a and 12b, is of special importance to the program as a whole, especially when taken together with the other printout information of health potential summary (HPS) recommendations.
The ultimate objective is the printouts from the data bank of individual health potential summary comments and recommendations in substantially the form depicted in FIGS. 7a through 11.
In FIG. 7a depicting page 20 of a multi-page document identified as Health Potential Summary Recommendations, nutrition recommendations appear, and in a manner differentiating between a male and female user. Nutrients of greatest consequence are listed in company with a recommended amount of intake, where applicable, followed by the specific average daily consumption of that particular user, taken from information supplied by the user in the questionnaire. The information is set up on a comparative basis so that it is immediately apparent to the user whether or not the average consumption falls within or outside of the recommended amounts. On a succeeding page 21, as depicted in FIG. 7b, more comprehensive recommendations with respect to fat consumption are given in narrative fashion. The comments are spaced adequately to allow room on the right hand side for the specific recommendations applicable to the individual user to whom the recommendations are directed. Here also the recommendations are in narrative form with specific numerical quantities and percentages interposed, along with examples of foods extracted from free language tables predicated upon nutrition information actually supplied by the three-day food diary and derived from the encoded questionnaire.
The same pattern is followed with respect to percent body fat recommendations, and the nutrition recommendations applicable to the user based upon information from the questionnaire and related to the user's weight and height.
Proteins may be treated in a comparable fashion. Also on page 22 shown in FIG. 7c, a vitamin and mineral intake is recommended at the left of the page followed on the right of the page with specific recommendations to the user derived from information supplied by answers of the user to the user's questionnaire. The specific recommendations noting a deficiency in milk intake, for example, recommends eliminating the deficiency by increasing the servings of milk, but using milk of a lower fat content than the user indicated on the questionnaire.
Recommended salt intake is compared in a comparable fashion with the individual's sodium equivalent intake, with accompanying recommendations.
A departure from conventional recommendations for programs of this kind is made use of on page 2, FIG. 8. After narrative recommendations respecting flexibility and cardiovascular endurance, specific recommendations are given applicable to the user predicated upon the exercise information actually supplied in answer to the questionnaire. By tying the exercise recommendations to the user's choice of exercise, golf for example, attention of the user is captured to a greater degree and focused upon a revision of exercise habits that can be most easily accomplished. Additional exercise items, such for example as muscular function, can be presented as a general recommendation, having coupled with it, in the space provided toward the right, following the same pattern as page 22, a specific recommendation for the user prompted by his report in answer to the questionnaire.
As is always important, recommendations with respect to normal body weight may be injected into the health potential summary recommendations followed by specific reference to the weight condition and weight forming habits of the user, as revealed by answers to the questionnaire. Because of the potential health hazards of overconsumption of alcohol, tobacco and drugs, page 24 as shown in FIG. 9 devotes appreciable space to general recommendations, on the left of the page under the caption "a caution", with available space to the right of the page having imprinted therein an evaluation of the user's use, for example, of alcohol. The phraseology of the specific recommendations is such that quantities can be readily inserted which have a direct relationship to the user's report as appearing in answers to information in the user's questionnaire.
Much the same general approach is made use of in recommendations respecting page 25 devoted to stress as depicted in FIG. 10. General recommendations appear on the left. Space is provided on the right wherein the specific recommendations applicable to the user as evidenced by answers to the questionnaire are imprinted.
What is significant by way of example on page 25 where the specific stress recommendations are made is that the recommendations stem not only from the stress information given by answers to the questionnaire but exercise information from a separate and different part of the questionnaire. In providing an overall health potential summary, one of the features of the present method is to cross relate information given in different parts of the questionnaire so that the specific recommendations will not relate solely to answers given in one part only. By having adequate information stored in the data bank applicable to cross related topics, the cross relationship of recommendations is made possible.
Of singular importance in the health potential summary recommendations is page 26, shown in FIG. 11, on the topic health potential age. On most occasions the information and recommendations heretofore discussed tend to be accepted readily even by the serious and well-intentioned users, but in a manner tending to be accepted as a matter of course. If the user's health and health potential age is to be improved, some extra inducement to follow the recommendations becomes highly beneficial and much to be desired. This is particularly to be desired under circumstances where a health improvement program is encouraged by an employer, willing to meet the expense in return for the benefits of improved health of all employees concerned. The standard recommendations respecting relationship between actual age, appraised age and achievable age are important not only as a general guide but especially important when applied to the particular user. Specific items relating to the user's health habits are accordingly printed out in the form of recommendations coupled with their relationship to age measured in years and fractions of years. Each element of a number of elements is spelled out separately in a descriptive fashion and coupled with a measure of years. Although the innumerated prospective decrease in appraised risk age are averages at best, the figures are nevertheless dependable figures taken from data accumulated by reliable sources over a period of time.
To provide a still further inducement to the user to abide by the recommendations, and bearing in mind that information which is of necessity reported in some particular over numerous pages, a sharp graphic and concise resume is especially stressed. This is the resume depicted on pages 27 and 28 respectively of FIGS. 12a and 12b. On page 27 are depicted the categories of nutrition, exercise and consumption of tobacco, alcohol and drugs. For nutrition only the salient important nutritive items are listed. Immediately to the right is a rectangular box, color accented for green showing recommended levels of the chosen nutrients. Recommendations are in numbers because numbers are easily read and remembered. The user's salt intake in the example is printed in the salt box score as less than the recommended level.
Elevated levels for the same nutrients are also listed in a rectangular box immediately to the right of the recommended level box wherein the elevated level box is accented for the color yellow. On this occasion where the user's percent body fat happens to fall within the elevated level, the user's percentage, as derived from the answers to the questionnaire, is imprinted as twenty-seven percent (27%), slightly over the elevated level percentage range. Still further to the right in the rectangular box, color accented for the color red are depicted risk levels for the chosen nutrients. The remaining information for that particular user is imprinted in numerical quantities at the appropriate locations for the nutrients within the risk level. Fat is identified as being fifty-five percent (55%) which is over the forty percent (40%) risk level. The fat ratio is shown as being substantially over the risk level of 0.04. Dietary cholesterol is identified as 915, substantially over the risk level of 600.
The same general pattern is likewise followed for both exercise and consumption of tobacco, alcohol and drugs where the low risk is color accented for green, moderate risk color accented for yellow, and the high risk color accented for red. Although these color sequences have been chosen because green means acceptable, yellow a warning, and red a danger signal, other means of depicting relative accents could be chosen.
Of express importance from the point of view of providing incentive for improving health potential are the predictions and information graphically depicted as page 28 and as shown in FIG. 12b. At the bottom of the page in a space specially provided is printed the actual age of the user taken from information supplied by the user. Following that is a figure for the user's appraised age. As shown, this is a figure older than the actual age because of the health habits reported by the user in answer to the questionnaire. Following the appraised age is an indication for the user's achievable age, namely, the achiever's age resulting from good health habits, should the user discontinue some objectionable health habits and employ in the aggregate other desirable health habits. The achievable age is the sum of average decrease in appraised risk age, taken from certain risk age factors such as those of FIG. 11 subtracted from the user's appraised age. Since good health is so commonly associated with the vigor of youthfulness, the achievable age figure is graphically presented and compared with the other age figures as an important inducement for the user to improve the user's health habits.
Although the health improvement inducement program is graphically directed to the individual as the result of the health potential summary recommendations and resume, the system also contemplates a program of activity with features directed expressly to the general improvement needs indicated by deficiencies illuminated in the health potential summary.
While a particular embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be obvious to those skilled in the state of the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the invention in its broader aspects, and therefore, the aim of its appended claims is to cover all such changes and modifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of his invention.
Claims
Having described the invention, what is claimed as new in support of Letters Patent is as follows:
1. The method of preparing a health potential analysis for a human subject by use of imprinted material and a data bank, said method comprising establishing a plurality of categories of health related information, preparing a questionnaire comprising a set of information inquiries for each category wherein the inquiries are subject to score box responses of the character of yes, no, unanswered, or answered by a character according to a graduated scale, subjecting the questionnaire to responses by the human subject and preserving the responses thereto, storing in the data bank an inventory of health implementing commentary and recommendations, preparing a set of instructions to direct commands to the data bank wherein the instructions are keyed to the score box responses, preparing an analysis in the form of a multiple part health potential summary report having for a first part a series of preprinted recommendations respecting health practice for the respective categories and for a second part spaces to accept information, preparing a life-style resume document on which is depicted sets of visually accented read-out displays at visually adjacent locations for showing respectively recommended health practice, moderately exceptional health practice and high-risk health practice for said categories, and feeding commands to the data bank to effect a print-out of subject directed commentary and recommendations on respective spaces of said second part of the summary report at locations visually adjacent related preprinted recommendations.
2. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 1 including establishing as said categories a nutrition category, an exercise category, an alcohol, tobacco and drug consumption category, and a stress category.
3. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 2 including cross-correlating in said instructions responses from a multiple number of said categories on the questionnaire.
4. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 2 including establishing in said nutrition category a set of inquiries directed to actual daily food intake.
5. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 4 wherein said daily food intake covers more than two days in a weekly sequence.
6. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 2 including establishing in said nutrition category a set of inquiries directed to food frequency intake.
7. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 2 including establishing a medical records category in the questionnaire.
8. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 1 including establishing a health potential age category in the health potential summary report.
9. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 8 including supplying recommendations and commentary for said health potential age category comprising information respecting appraised health age and achievable health age compared with actual age.
10. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 9 including showing ages in numerical time intervals in said visually accented read-out displays.
11. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 1 including showing said visually accented read-out displays as windowed block representations.
12. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 11 including showing said visually accented read-out displays in respectively different colors.
13. A method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 1 wherein said graduated scale is a numerical scale.
14. The method of preparing a health potential analysis according to claim 1 including imprinting on said life-style resume document at the corresponding set of said visually accented read-out displays, a separate abbreviated resume of the commentary and recommendations arranged according to a graduated scale.
Patent Citations (2)
| Patent | Date | Inventor | Cited By |
|---|---|---|---|
| US3407513 | 1968-10-01 | Conn | |
| US3708891 | 1973-01-01 | Rosov |
Non-Patent Literature (3)
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- "Your Personal Health Report" by The Institute for Personal Health .COPYRGT.1980.
- "Personal Risk Profile" by General Health, Inc. .COPYRGT.1983.