US 4,398,994 AGrant
Formation of Packaging Material
Issue Date:1983-08-16
•8 Claims
•1 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A pattern is formed in rapid and continuous manner on aluminized polymer film by printing the aluminum surface with a sodium hydroxide-resistant material, which may be pigmented, contacting the non-overprinted areas of the aluminum with hot aqueous sodium hydroxide solution to dissolve the aluminum rapidly from the base polymeric film and leave unaffected the overprinted areas, and washing the spent sodium hydroxide solution from the film. The steps are carried on a continuous web of aluminized film and result in pattern of opaque areas and transparent areas, corresponding to the overprinted and non-overprinted areas of the film.
Metadata
Inventor
- Donald E. Beckett
Application Information
Application Number:US 3023702
Filing Date:1981-09-15
Priority Date:1981-09-15
Art Unit:161
Classifications
IPC:
C23F 102
Field of Search:
427252156430264;272;27379.5630;634;635;639;640;659.1;656;658;661.1;660;345;665295;313;315;318;323
Patent Drawings (1 sheets)
Description
Field of Invention
The present invention relates to packaging material, in particular metallized plastic film.
Background to the Invention
Metallized plastic film material is used for a wide variety of packaging operations. The film is made by vapor depositing a layer of the metal, usually aluminum, on the polymeric substrate, and it has previously been suggested to mask portions of the polymer substrate to prevent metal vapor deposition thereon and thereby provide a transparent area or window through which product packaged in a package formed from the film may be viewed. The major problem with the provision of such windows is lack of color compatibility for colors which are printed both on the window area and the metallized area. Further, patterns more intricate other than simple windows have not been produced on metallized plastic film by this masking method.
It has previously been suggested in U.S. Pat. No. 4,242,378 to provide a pattern of see-through portions and opaque portions on a metallized plastic film by forming a pattern of a water-insoluble resin on the metal layers corresponding to the opaque portions and immersing the resulting film in an aqueous solution of a metal solubilizer to dissolve the exposed metal while leaving untouched the patterned portion to form the see-through portion in the dissolved metal areas. Although this process is capable of producing colored printing by using resin-based printing inks, the procedure is time consuming and incapable of rapid continuous operation.
Summary of Invention
In accordance with the present invention, there is provided a method of printing on a metallized polymer film, which comprises applying pattern of etchant-resistant material to the metal surface of the polymer film, contacting the metal surface with an etchant solution to dissolve the metal from the film, and washing the surface free of etchant solution.
The method of the invention is effected under critical etchant conditions to achieve rapid and continuous operation. The etching step is effected using sodium hydroxide solution which may have an NaOH concentration of up to 25% by weight, preferably in the range of about 5 to about 10% by weight.
The time required for application of the sodium hydroxide solution to the printed film to etch the exposed metal surface from the polymer film depends to some extent on the temperature of the sodium hydroxide solution. Temperatures in the range of about 15.degree. to about 100.degree. C. may be used with treatment times varying in temperature dependant manner in the range of about 10 seconds to about 0.1 second. For continuous operation, it is preferred to maintain the contact time quite short, and hence it is preferred to use a temperature of above about 50.degree. C.
The procedure is effected continuously by drawing a web of metallized plastic film from a source roll and conveying the web successively past a printing station, an etchant application station and a washing station, before being dried and reeled onto a take-up roll. The web speed may be varied widely up to about 1000 ft/min, preferably in the range of from about 100 to about 700 ft/min.
Brief Description of Drawing
The sole FIGURE of the drawing is a schematic representation of an apparatus for effecting the present invention.
Description of Preferred Embodiment
Referring to the drawing, a continuous web 12 of metallized polymer film is drawn from a roll 10. Any desired polymeric material may be used as the base film, including polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyester, polyvinyl chloride and polycarbonate. The base film may be any desired thickness sufficient to enable a suitable packaging material to be formed therefrom, preferably about 10 to about 50 microns.
The metal layer, which is provided on one face of the polymeric film, is obtained by vacuum coating in well known manner. The thickness of the metal film may vary widely within the range from about 10 to about 1000 A, preferably about 300 to 600 A. Aluminum is usually the metal.
The continuous web 12, in which the metal film faces downwardly as seen in the FIGURE is conveyed past a printing station 14 whereat a pattern of etchant-resistant material is printed on the metal layer from a printing roller 16. The etchant-resistant material may be a water-insoluble resinous material and may be pigmented or clear, in accordance with the appearance of the pattern desired on the metal layer.
Etchant-resistant material is applied to a pattern provided on the surface of roller 16 by pick up from a bath 18 of etchant-resistant material. The roller 16 is backed by a backing roller 20. The web 12 leaving the printing station 14 bears a predetermined pattern of etchant-resistant material overlying the metal layer, with areas of exposed metal layer between the portions of etchant-resistant material overlying the metal layer.
The patterned web is next conveyed past an etchant-applying station 22 whereat sodium hydroxide solution is applied to the patterned web across the whole width thereof from a wet roller 24. The wet roller 24 usually is heated to an elevated temperature, preferably in the range of about 50.degree. to about 90.degree. C., so that the aqueous sodium hydroxide solution is applied by the wet roll 24 hot to the web 12 engaged by the roll 24. A backup roller 28 is provided to assist in application of sodium hydroxide solution.
The sodium hydroxide solution of desired concentration, preferably about 5 to about 10% by weight, is provided on the surface of the roller 24 by pick up from a bath 26 of sodium hydroxide solution.
Application of the hot sodium hydroxide solution across the width of the web 12 commences etching of the aluminum layer from the base film in those areas where the aluminum is exposed to the solution. The etchant-resistant printed areas are not affected by the sodium hydroxide solution and hence the aluminum located under the etchant-resistant material remains in contact with the base film.
The dissolving of the exposed aluminum in the sodium hydroxide solution occurs as the web 12 travels along its horizontal path beyond the etchant-applying station 22 and is complete rapidly. In order to require only a minimum of floor space, the travel path of the etchant-applied web beyond the station 22 is maintained quite short by balancing the factors of web speed and etchant temperature and concentration.
In addition, the web 12 may pass through an air tunnel 30, through which heated air may flow, to assist in the rapid completion of the etching procedure.
Upon completion of the etching, the web 12 is washed at washing station 32. Water is applied to the web 12 by a squeegee-type roller 34 which dips into a bath 36 of water. The spent wash water flows back into the bath 36. As a wash water is applied, the web 12 passes round a takeup roller 38. The washed web may be dried by a hot air drier 40, if desired with the assistants of an air doctor 42 before passage to a take-up roll (not shown).
The washed and dried web comprises an opaque pattern corresponding to the pattern printed thereon at the printing station 14 and transparent areas between the opaque pattern comprising base film from which the aluminum has been removed. The procedure produces in rapid continuous manner a patterned polymeric film suitable for use as a packaging material.
Since the film is printed with the desired pattern, which may be simple or intricate, or may be transparent or pigmented, the prior art problems of color matching and the inability to produce intricate patterns when the masking technique is used are overcome. Further, the procedure of the invention is rapid and continuous, and thereby overcomes the problems of U.S. Pat. No. 4,242,378.
Example
Aqueous sodium hydroxide solution at concentration of 5 wt % NaOH and 10 wt % NaOH was applied to aluminized Mylar (trade mark) film at various temperatures and the period of time for complete removal of the aluminum from the film was determined.
The results obtained are set forth in the following Table:
The very rapid removal of the aluminum from the foil, demonstrated by the results of the Table, indicates that continuous high speed production of patterned film can be attained using elevated temperatures and moderate sodium hydroxide concentrations.
Summary of Disclosure
In summary of this disclosure, the present invention provides an improved method of patterning aluminized polymeric film which is superior to prior procedures. Modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.
Claims
What I claim is:
1. A continuous method of forming a repetitive pattern on a roll of aluminized polymer film which comprises: (a) continuously feeding a web of said aluminized polymer film from said foll at a web speed of up to about 1000 ft/min; (b) printing said web with a pattern of etchant-resistant material corresponding to the pattern desired on the aluminized surface thereof; (c) applying aqueous sodium hydroxide solution having a concentration of up to about 25 wt % at a temperature of about 15.degree. to about 100.degree. C. across the whole width of the web to contact the pattern on the web; (d) allowing said sodium hydroxide solution to remain in contact with said web as it is conveyed for about 0.1 to about 10 seconds to permit said sodium hydroxide to dissolve aluminum only from areas of said web not having said pattern of etchant-resistant material applied thereto; (e) washing the spent sodium hydroxide solution from said web to leave said pattern of etchant-resistant material on a transparent polymeric film; and (f) drying the resulting washed web.
2. The method of claim 1 wherein said web speed is about 100 to about 700 ft/min.
3. The method of claim 2 wherein said sodium hydroxide has a concentration of about 5 to about 10 wt %.
4. The method of claim 3 wherein said sodium hydroxide solution has a temperature of about 50.degree. to about 90.degree. C.
5. The method of claim 1, 2, 3 or 4 wherein said etchant-resistant material is pigmented.
6. The method of claim 4 wherein said pattern is printed on said web by a rotary printing surface bearing said etchant-resistant material in said pattern and engaging said web.
7. The method of claim 1 wherein said sodium hydroxide solution is applied from a rotary surface which is wet with said sodium hydroxide solution.
8. The method of claim 7 wherein said rotary surface is heated to provide said sodium hydroxide solution at the desired temperature.