US 4,299,150 AGrant
Method and Apparatus for Severing Portions From a Plurality of Frozen Columns of Fish or the Like
Issue Date:1981-11-10
•33 Claims
•8 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A plurality of frozen fish columns having a rectangular cross section are contained in a corresponding number of transversely aligned and laterally spaced tubes constituting a magazine. The lower ends of the columns rest on pushers which are slidable on a number of plastic anvils or blocks comprising part of a vertically adjustable table assembly. A single-edge blade is advanced and retracted at a 30.degree. angle through the lower ends of the frozen columns to sever portions therefrom having a thickness determined by the vertical adjustment of the table assembly. Pushers, which are synchronized with the blade movement, shove the severed portions from the cutting station beneath the lower ends of the tubes onto a conveyor. By controlling the speed of the conveyor the various severed portions, while still uniformly oriented, are transferred in an appropriately spaced end-to-end relationship to another location for processing.
Metadata
Assignee
- General Mills, Inc.
Inventors
- Larry Huston
- Clifton H. Morrison
- Glenn Rasmussen
- Takuzo Tsuchiya
Application Information
Application Number:US 0439789
Filing Date:1979-05-31
Priority Date:1979-05-31
Art Unit:323
Classifications
IPC:
B26D 320B26D 106B26D 706
Field of Search:
83411 R;411 A;409;113;356.2;110;157;409.2
Patent Drawings (8 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
1. Field of the Invention
This invention relates generally to the cutting of frozen food, and pertains more particularly to a method and apparatus for severing relatively thick portions from a plurality of columns or logs of frozen fish or the like.
2. Description of the Prior Art
Cutting off the ends of frozen fish logs or columns has been done for a number of years. Sometimes the logs or columns are sawed into portions having the desired thickness. However, when resorting to a sawing action, there results an appreciable amount of "sawdust" which, while reclaimable, nonetheless reduces the number of portions that can be obtained from each column or log.
While the so-called sawdust is not a complete loss, nonetheless it does not command the price that it would if it could be sold in intact portions. Therefore, power-operated cleavers or knives have been employed. One prior art apparatus known to us is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,867,858, granted on Feb. 25, 1975 to Tsuchiya et al. While this prior art apparatus has performed admirably in actual practice, it has a distinct disadvantage in that the severed portions of frozen fish are not uniformly oriented, or at least are not arranged in a pattern suitable for performing food processing operations thereon, such as breading and battering the severed product. Also, the apparatus just alluded to is somewhat limited to the rate at which the portions can be sliced from the frozen columns or logs of fish. Still further, the Tsuchiya et al apparatus is not capable of cutting off relatively thick portions, which are frequently desirable and which are used in so-called fishburgers.
Summary of the Invention
Accordingly, an important object of the present invention is to cut or sever relatively thick portions from a number of columns or logs of frozen fish or the like and doing so in a manner such that the severed portions are of a uniform thickness.
Another object of our invention is to sever portions of fish from a frozen column in which the severed portions are uniformly oriented and which orientation or arrangement is suitable for the further processing of the portions, such as breading and battering the portions.
A further object is to virtually eliminate the curl that has heretofore been imparted to the fish portions due to the cutting thereof, and at the same time to minimize appreciably the degree of breakage of the portions. More specifically, it is within the contemplation of the present invention to not only reduce curl and any breakage, but to minimize waste which has attended some prior art cutting operations, particularly those involving a sawing action in which dust or powder results from the sawing of the frozen product.
Yet another object of our invention is to enable a relatively large number of frozen columns or logs of fish to be cut at the same time, thereby increasing the production rate and rendering the invention especially suited for large-scale packaging of frozen fish.
Still further, the invention has for an object the providing of apparatus that is rugged, reliable, long lasting and which will require very little downtime for maintenance and repair purposes.
Briefly, our invention comprises a rigid table assembly which can be adjusted vertically beneath the lower ends of a magazine comprised of a preferred number of vertically arranged tubes, each tube containing therein a frozen column or log of fish or the like. The various tubes have a cross section corresponding to the cross section of the column of fish contained therein. Different column cross sections can be accommodated by inserting an appropriate spacer into each tube. The tubes are transversely aligned and laterally spaced so that the severed portions of the fish have a desired spacing therebetween. By reason of the vertical adjustability of the table assembly, the thickness of the portions can be varied, this being easily done without stopping the apparatus.
A cutter blade having a beveled knife edge is advanced and retracted at a 30.degree. angle with respect to the transversely arranged tubes, the blade passing directly beneath the lower end of each tube so as to sever a portion having a thickness determined by the adjustment of the table assembly. The lower ends of the various frozen columns rest on so-called pushers which are withdrawn as the cutter blade advances to effect its cutting action. The table assembly includes relatively thick plastic blocks or anvils, there being one beneath each tube, on which the pushers slide so that each severed portion then rests on its particular plastic anvil. When the blade is retracted after effecting a complete cut, then the pushers act against the severed fish portions to displace them from the cutting station beneath the lower ends of the tubes, doing so in a direction toward a conveyor assembly. Whereas the first group of severed portions are only displaced from beneath the tubes, the next set of severed portions act against the preceding set of portions to move the preceding set onto the conveyor assembly while still oriented in the same uniform end-to-end manner in which they were severed from the columns or logs. The conveyor assembly conveys the uniformly oriented portions to a station spaced from the station where they were severed for further processing; the speed of the conveyor assembly can be increased or decreased to vary the end-to-end spacing between the portions being conveyed.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is an elevational view taken from one end of the apparatus exemplifying our invention;
FIG. 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus depicted in FIG. 1, the view showing the cutter blade retracted in preparation for initiating a cutting stroke;
FIG. 3 is a horizontal view, partly in section, taken in the plane of the line 3--3 of FIG. 1, the cutter blade being in the same retracted position as shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 3 but with the cutter blade illustrated in the position it assumes after effecting a cutting or severing operation;
FIG. 5 is another sectional view, this view being taken in the direction of line 5--5 of FIG. 1 for the purpose of showing to better advantage the drive mechanism for the apparatus;
FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view taken along the irregular line 6--6 of FIG. 1 for the purpose of showing how the lower end of a frozen fish column or log is supported, the cutter blade being retracted to the position in which it appears in FIGS. 2 and 3;
FIG. 7 is view corresponding to FIG. 6 but with the cutter blade pictured in the position shown in FIG. 4, which is after a fish portion as been severed from its column, and
FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken in the direction of line 8--8 of FIG. 6.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment
Referring now in detail to the drawings, the apparatus selected to illustrate our invention has been denoted generally by the reference numeral 10. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the apparatus includes a magazine composed of a number of tubular members that are suitably welded together. While the frame constitutes no real part of our invention, nonetheless it is designed in a manner such that it provides adequate support for a number of components that will be described; therefore; it will be of some benefit in presenting the ensuing description to assign reference characters to some of the supporting members that will be later referred to. Accordingly, it will be noted that the frame 12 includes generally horizontal tubular members 12a, 12b, 12c and 12d. Additionally the frame has downwardly extending tubular legs 12e. At the lower ends of the legs 12e are casters 14 so that the apparatus can be readily moved from one vantage location within a processing plant to another.
Having mentioned the tubular members 12a, 12b, it can now be pointed out that these members have support pads 16 attached thereto. More specifically, there are two such pads 16 carried by the tubular member 12a and two such pads 16 carried by the tubular member 12b. What will be termed mounting bars 18a and 18b are bolted to the support pads 16, being parallel to each other and serving a purpose now to be explained.
The mounting bars 18a, 18b support a magazine 20 composed of a number (eight in the illustrative case) of vertical tubes 22 having a rectangular cross section. More specifically, each tube has relatively narrow sides labeled 22a, 22b and relatively wide sides labeled 22c, 22d. It will be observed that the various tubes 22 are transversely aligned and laterally spaced. This is achieved, although it can be accomplished in other ways, by means of a pair of strips 24 welded to the relatively narrow sides 22a and 22b, the ends of the strips 24 being attached or supported by the previously mentioned mounting bars 18a and 18b. The various tubes 22 are open at the top and bottom, the upper ends being flared for the reception of the frozen columns or frozen logs of fish yet to be referred to. All that really need be understood at this point is that the magazine 20 composed of the various tubes 22 is a single unit and that it is fixedly mounted on the frame 12. In actual practice, additional strips corresponding to the strips 24 are welded to the narrow sides 22a and 22b in order to impart greater rigidity to the overall magazine construction.
Welded to the undersides of the tubular members 12a and 12b are ears or lugs 26 that extend downwardly, each ear or lug 26 having a bearing block 28 secured thereto. The bearing blocks 28 rotatably journal a threaded shaft or lead screw 30 having oppositely pitched threaded sections 32a and 32b, as can be readily seen in FIGS. 6 and 7. In threaded engagement with the section 32a is a slide block 34a, and similarly in engagement with the threaded section 32b is a slide block 34b. The blocks 34a and 34b, there being one at each side of the apparatus 10, have an integral cam strip 36 formed thereon with upper and lower inclined edges 36a and 36b. The cam strips 34 are best seen in FIG. 8 because portions of the bearing blocks 28 have been broken away in order to reveal the cam strips 36; however, their upper and lower inclined edges 36a and 36b are best understood from FIG. 7.
The cam strips 36 are slidably received in angled grooves 38 formed in a pair of track members 40 which are bolted to opposite sides of what will be termed a table assembly 42; more specifically to a table 44 which is part of the table assembly 42. The table 44 can be adjusted vertically by rotating the lead screws 30 in a manner now to be described.
Accordingly, it will be noted that each lead screw or shaft 30, there being one at each side of the apparatus, is rotatable in its bearing blocks 28 via an adjusting shaft 46 keyed to each lead screw 30. The adjusting shafts 46 are rotated by a hand wheel 48 having a shaft 50 coupled to a right angle drive 52, as can be seen in FIG. 3. The right angle drive is in turn coupled to a transverse shaft 54 connecting with a T drive 56, one leg of the T drive 56 connecting to the lead screw 46 at one side of the apparatus 10. The other leg of the T drive 56 connects with still an additional transverse shaft 58 having an angle drive 60 which is coupled to the adjusting shaft 46 at the other side of the apparatus.
It will thus be appreciated that the hand wheel 48, when rotated, causes both of the adjusting shafts 46 to be rotated with the consequence that the slide blocks 34a and 34b are threadedly moved toward each other to lower the table assembly 42 because of the movement of the cam strips 36 in the angled grooves 38. The converse is true when the slide blocks 34a and 34b are moved apart, the table assembly 42 then being raised. The benefits to be derived from the use of the adjusting mechanism just described will become clear as the description progresses.
Referring in greater detail to the construction of the table assembly 42, it will be understood that in addition to the base table 44 which is quite thick and therefore quite rigid, the assembly 42 further includes a plurality of plastic blocks or anvils 62, there being one beneath each of the tubes 22 of the magazine 20. The various anvils 62 are fastened to the base table 44 by means of bolts 64. Consequently, the anvils 62 become an integral part of the assembly 42 and are raised and lowered in unison when the base table 44 is raised or lowered through the agency of the hand wheel 48, as already described. The blocks or anvils 62 are specially configured for a purpose hereinafter made manifest. At this stage of the description, though, it can be pointed out that each anvil 62 has a flat surface 62a and a longitudinal groove 62b formed by inturned flanges 62c at each side, the flanges 62c being raised so as to form tracking grooves 62d which will be described with greater particularity hereinafter.
It should be specifically understood that the table assembly 42 is stationary, although it can be adjusted vertically up and down as already explained.
At this time, attention is directed to a flat, relatively thin cutter blade 62 having a beveled knife edge 64a extending from end to end, or substantially from end to end, of the blade 64. The cutter blade 64 is longer than the transverse length of the magazine 20 and so is its beveled knife edge 64a. In this way, the cutter blade 64 can pass under all of the tubes 22 forming the magazine 20. Actually, as can be discerned from FIG. 7, the upper surface of the blade 64 is in close proximity to the lower end of each of the tubes 22.
It might be of benefit at this stage of the description to explain that the blade 64 is advanced in the direction of the arrows 66 shown in FIG. 3 and retracted in the direction of the arrow 68 set forth in FIG. 4. Thus, whereas the magazine 20 is arranged transversely with respect to the apparatus, the angle of movement, more specifically 30.degree., of the blade 64 is not perpendicular or at right angles to the magazine 20.
Having mentioned that the blade 64 is advanced and retracted in the direction of the arrows 66 and 68, respectively, the manner in which the blade 64 is so advanced and retracted will now be described. A pair of blade supports 70a and 70b, as can best be seen in FIG. 1, have the ends of the blade 64 attached thereto as by bolts 72. The lower end of the blade support 70a is provided with a pair of sleeve bearings 74a, whereas the lower end of the blade support 70b is similarly provided with a pair of sleeve bearings 74b. Bolts 76 are employed for anchoring the various sleeve bearings 74a, 74b to the lower ends of the blade supports 70a, 70b.
In order to constrain the movement of the blade 64, and its supports 70a, 70b in the direction of the arrows 66 and 68, a pair of bearing shafts 78a have the sleeve bearings 74a slidably encircling same, and in a similar fashion a pair of bearing shafts 78b have the sleeve bearings 74b slidably encircling same. The opposite ends of the bearing shafts 78a are fixedly anchored in shaft supports 80a, whereas the opposite ends of the bearing shafts 78b are anchored in shaft supports 80b. The various shaft supports 80a and 80b are mounted on tubular members constituting a part of the frame 12. All that need be taken into account is that the bearing shafts 78a and 78b are angled so as to impart the angled movement of the blade 64 back and forth in the direction of the arrows 66 and 68.
Describing now the drive mechanism indicated generally by the reference numeral 82 for the blade supports 70a and 70b, the drive mechanism 82 is best understood from FIG. 5. Thus, the mechanism 82 includes a hydraulic motor 84, and coupler 86 having oppositely issuing shafts connecting with first and second angle drives 88a and 88b. The components 84, 86, 88a and 88b are also appearing in FIG. 1. It perhaps can better be seen that the angle drive 88a connects with a drive bearing assembly 90a and the angle drive 88b with a drive assembly 90b. The drive assembly 90a has a shaft 92a extending upwardly with a counterweight 94a rotatably carried thereon; the driven assembly 90b has a shaft 92b extending upwardly with a counterweight 94b mounted thereon. The counterweight 94a is connected to a connecting rod or arm 96a via a crank pin 98a and the other end of the connecting arm 96a has a pin 100 a connecting with a yoke or tie strip 101. Similarly, the counterweight 94b has a connecting rod or arm 96b connected thereto through the agency of a crank pin 98b, the end of the crank arm opposite from the pin 98b having a pin 100b which connects the arm 96b to the yoke or tie strip 101. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the yoke or tie strip 101 connects the two blades supports 70a, 70b together so that the two supports 70a, 70b move in synchronism as a single unit.
Mounted for rectilinear movement in a horizontal plane above the blade supports 70a and 70b is a U-shaped cam plate 102 composed of leg sections 102a, 102b and a connecting bight section 102c. The cam plate 102 is constrained for reciprocal movement in the direction of the arrow 104 in FIG. 6 and the arrow 106 in FIG. 7 by means of a pair of fixed shafts or rails 108a and 108b anchored in the previously mentioned mounted bars 18a and 18b. As can be seen from FIGS. 6 and 7, a pair of bearing blocks 110a and 110b are fixed to the underside of the leg section 102a, and a similar pair of such blocks 111a and 111b are affixed to the underside of the other leg section 102b of the cam plate 102. The blocks 110 beneath the leg section 102a slidably encircle the shaft or rail 108a, whereas the blocks 111 beneath the leg section 102b slidably encircle the other shaft or rail 108b in order to guide the cam plate 102 back and forth in the direction of the arrows 104 and 106.
Although better understood from the description yet to be presented, the movement of the cam plate 102 is synchronized with the movement of the blade supports 70a and 70b. Of course, the purpose of the blade supports is to carry the cutter blade 64 which is fixedly fastened to the upper ends of the blade supports 70a, 70b.
Having mentioned that the movement of the cam plate 102 is synchronized with the movement of the blade supports 70a and 70b, it will be explained that what will be termed a U-shaped cam roller support 112 having leg sections 112a, 112b and a bight or connecting section 112c is also carried atop the blade supports 70a and 70b, actually confronting the upper end surfaces of the cutter blade 64 as can be understood from FIG. 1. Holding the U-shaped cam roller support 112 in place on the upper ends of the blade supports 70a and 70b are bolts 116. In order to expose two rollers 114 to view, these rollers being mounted for rotation on the bight section 112c of the U-shaped cam roller support 112, portions of the overlying bight section 102c have been removed in FIG. 2. However, these rollers 114 are readily seen from FIGS. 3 and 4. It can be pointed out at this stage of the description that the rollers 114 extend upwardly into a cam track formed by two parallel strips 118 secured to the underside of the bight section 102c by means of bolts 120. Consequently, even though the blade 64 is moved angularly, owing to the direction in which the shafts 78a, 78b extend, the cam plate 102 is moved back and forth in a direction perpendicular to the magazine 20. Stated somewhat differently, the rollers 114 are free to move between the strips 118 constituting a cam track and because of the transverse direction in which the strips 118 extend, no transverse componenet of movement is transferred to the cam plate 102, even though the roller support 112 moves at an angle. Thus, the shafts or rails 108a and 108b function to guide the cam plate 102 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the magazine 20 is mounted. Of course, it will be understood that while the cutter blade 64 is moved angularly in order to impart a slicing-like movement to the beveled knife edge 64a, the knife edge 64a remains parallel to the magazine 20, and hence the bight section 112c of the U-shaped cam roller support 112 moves parallel to the knife edge 64a. More will be said hereinafter concerning the movement of the blade 64 in the performance of its cutting action.
It has already been mentioned that a pair of bearing blocks 110a, 110b slidably encircle the shaft or rail 108a and a similar pair of bearing blocks 111a, 111b slidably encircle the other shaft or rail 108b. From FIGS 6 and 7, it can be appreciated that the particular block 110a shown at the left, and there is a similar such block 111a transversely aligned therewith, has one end of an angle iron 120 secured thereto, such as by bolts. The other end of the angle iron 120 is anchored to the particular block 111a that is in transverse alignment with the block 110a at the left in FIGS. 6 and 7. The angle iron 120 has a vertical flange 120a and a horizontal flange 120b. Bolted to the underside of the horizontal flange is a series of downwardly extending pusher pins 122, there being one such pin 122 for each of the tubes 22 collectively constituting the magazine 20. One such pusher pin 122 has been shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. The specific role played by these various pusher pins 122, as they have been termed, is better reserved for a more complete description to be given hereinafter.
At this stage of the description, it should be appreciated that the block 110a appearing at the left in FIG. 6, and also in FIG. 7, is movable or adjustable with respect to the cam plate 102. The other block 110b, this being the one at the right in FIGS. 6 and 7, is fastened rigidly to the underside of the cam plate 102. The block 110a at the left is adjustable for a purpose that will be better understood as the description progresses. However, an adjustment screw or bolt 124, there also being a second such bolt at the other side of the apparatus 10, is threadedly mounted in an upstanding lug 126 welded to the upper surface of the cam plate 102. A second upstanding lug 128 is welded to a pusher pad 130 having four slots 132 formed therein, one of which slots 132 can be seen in FIG. 6 because the pad 130 is broken away to expose the slot to view. There are underlying slots 134 contained in the cam plate 102, one of which can be noted in FIG. 6. Inasmuch as there are four slots 132 and four slots 134, four bolts 136 are employed, these bolts extending downwardly through the various slots 132, 134 into the particular bearing block 110a shown at the left in FIGS. 6 and 7. Consequently, when the adjusting screw or bolt 124 at each side of the apparatus 10 is adjusted, it causes the blocks 110a, 111a at the left, there being one at one side and one at the other side of the apparatus 10, to be moved relatively to the cam plate 102 with the consequence that the angle iron 120 is adjusted. Since the pusher pins 122 extend downwardly from the horizontal flange 120b of the angle iron 120, it follows that all of the pusher pins are simultaneously adjusted when adjusting the two adjusting screws or bolts 124.
Having mentioned the series of pusher pins 122, an equal number of pusher units 138 will be referred to. All of the pusher units 138 can be seen in FIG. 1. However, the cross sectional makeup appearing in FIGS. 6 and 7 of the particular pusher unit 138 there depicted will better illustrate the construction and function of these various pusher units 138. Thus, each pusher unit is formed with a flat strip section or shank 138a which is slidable in the groove 62b formed in the plastic block or anvil 62 with which the particular pusher unit 138 now being described is associated. It will be appreciated that the inturned flanges 62c which are integral with the block or anvil 62 overlie the side margins of the shank 138a and the entire pusher unit 138 is thus tracked along the upper surface of the anvil 62. Each pusher unit 138 also includes an upstanding cup 138b having a sleeve bearing 138c press fitted therein. The various pusher pins 122 extend downwardly into the various sleeve bearings 138c and hence the rectilinear motion of the cam plate 102 is transmitted via the angle iron 120 and the various pusher pins 122 to the various pusher units 138. Once again, the function of the pusher units 138 is better left for subsequent discussion. All that need be realized at this point is that the various pusher units 138 are synchronized with the movement of the blade 64.
One of the strips 24 anchoring the magazine 20 in place, there being two such strips 24 as can be understood from FIGS. 1, 6 and 7, overlies a transverse finger or ledge 140 on a strip 141 that spans the width of the magazine 20 so as to provide a void or notch 142 which receives the knife edge 64a therein, as specifically depicted in FIGS. 6 and 7. The purpose of the finger 140 will be better understood when considering the operation of our apparatus 10.
Whereas the blade 64 is intended to be moved relative to the lower end of the various tubes 22 constituting the magazine 20, actually the upper surface bearing against the bottom edge of each tube 22, it will be recognized that a blade of the length such as to underspan the various tubes 22 would be flexed or become bowed during its cutting action if not restrained or reinforced. Since the various tubes 22 are laterally spaced, use of the space between adjacent tubes 22 is made for preventing any deflection of the blade 64. More specifically, it will be noted from FIG. 8 that the blade 64 is literally clamped at spaced locations therealong which reside between adjacent tubes 22. In this regard, there is an underlying strip 144 and an overlying strip 146. These strips 144, 146 are also visible in FIG. 1, and the strips 146 can be viewed in FIG. 2. The ends of the strips 144, 146 are anchored or clamped to the mounting bars 18a, 18b by bolts 150. A spacer 151 is employed at the right in FIG. 7. The ends of the transverse strips are attached by additional bolts to the previously mentioned mounting bars 18a and 18b which support the magazine 20. Consequently, the blade 64 is clamped securely at spaced intervals therealong determined by the relative locations of the various tubes 22 of the magazine 20. The aspect of the matter to bear in mind is that the knife edge 64a is free to pass beneath the various tubes 22 constituting the magazine 20.
A conveyor assembly denoted generally by the reference numeral 154 has a number of endless wire belts 156 entrained about gears 158a at one end and 158b at the other end. One gear 158a is visible in FIGS. 6 and 7, and is mounted on a driven shaft 160 having a driven pulley 162 keyed thereto. A timing belt 164 extends about the pulley 162 and also about a drive pulley 166 (FIG. 2) which is rotated by a hydraulic motor 168.
The magazine 20, which in the illustrative situation is composed of eight vertically mounted tubes 22, is intended to receive a number of frozen fish logs or columns, actually eight, so that they can be simultaneously cut by the cutter blade 64. As can be perceived from FIG. 2, which is a top plan view of our apparatus 10, one such frozen fish log or column 170 is contained in each of the tubes 22. It will be appreciated that the cross section of each log or column 170 is rectangular, corresponding closely to the rectangular configuration of the tubes 22. However, when cross sections differing from the rectangular one are desired, then an appropriately shaped insert (or inserts) is suspended within each tube 22 to fill up the remaining void. In this way, square, triangular, trapezoidal and other shapes can be obtained from similarly configured columns or logs.
The lower end portion of one of the rectangular frozen fish logs 170 can be seen in FIG. 6, and is identified by the reference numeral 170a. From FIG. 6, the cutter blade 64 being retracted in this view, it can be observed that the lower end portion 170a of the particular fish log 170 seen in FIG. 6, rests directly on the upper surface of the shank 138a belonging to the particular pusher unit 138 appearing in cross section in this view. Whereas the relationship depicted in FIG. 6 exists when the various frozen fish columns 170 are inserted into the various tubes 22 via their open upper ends, the relationship is successively repeated as the columns or logs move downwardly in their respective tubes when the lower portion thereof is severed as seen in FIG. 7.
More specificaly, the blade 64 has been advanced at the proper elevation with respect to the lower end of the fish log so as to sever or cut a portion labeled 170b. The portion 170b has a thickness determined by the particular elevation of the table assembly 44.
Inasmuch as the manner in which the table assembly 42, more specifically its base table 44, is raised and lowered has been explained heretofore, this being through the agency of the hand wheel 48, it is not believed necessary to recapitulate at this time. It is important, though, to appreciate that the various plastic blocks or anvils 62 are securely anchored by the bolts 64 to the base table 44 so that they are elevated or lowered, as the case may be, whenever the hand wheel 48 is manually turned or rotated. When the base table 44 is raised, then the blocks or anvils 62 are raised, and also the various pusher units 138 are raised a like amount. Although believed evident from FIGS. 6 and 7, the vertical movement just alluded to can be achieved without interference, for the pusher pins 122 do not extend to the bottom of the pusher cups 138b. In other words, the various pusher pins 122 are free to be moved upwardly and downwardly within the sleeve bearings 138c that are press fitted into the cups 138b. It is important to understand, however, that the vertical adjustment can be realized at any time and the apparatus need not be stopped in order to adjust the height of the table assembly 42 with respect to the lower ends of the tubes 22 forming the magazine 20.
One of the advantages derivable from the apparatus 10 is its capability to sever relatively thick portions 170b from the lower ends 170a of the various frozen columns or fish logs 170. When it is taken into account that the thickness of such portions 170b are on the order of from 7/32 to 7/8 inch, it should be readily apparent that the apparatus 10 must be capable of withstanding severe loads and reactive forces. Furthermore, the width of such fish portions 170b are approximately 21/2 inches and their length 31/8 inches, it follows that a considerable mass must be severed and that severe forces are involved in performing or effecting such a cutting action.
Owing to what has been already explained, it is believed evident that the cutter blade 64 is driven at an angle, actually approximately 30.degree., as its knife edge 64a literally slices across the various lower ends 170a of the fish logs or frozen columns 170 contained in the magazine 20. Attention is once again directed to the arrows 66 and 68. In this regard, the arrow 66 represents the direction taken by the knife 64 when effecting a cut, that is, when it is having its knife edge 64a forced into the various frozen columns 170, whereas the arrow 68 denotes the reverse travel or retraction of the blade 64. It is also believed obvious from what has already been described that the drive mechanism 82, as best understood from FIGS. 1 and 5, effects the foregoing blade movement. The hydraulic motor 84 merely rotates the counter-weights 94a and 94b so that the connecting arms 96a and 96b through the agency of the yoke or tie strip 101 move the blade supports 70a and 70b in the direction of the arrows 66 and 68, constrained to traverse this angular path by virtue of the bearing shafts 78a and 78b.
Tracing the cutting action in a little more detail, it is to be remembered that the lower end 170a of each frozen column or log 170 rests on the upper surface of the pusher unit shank 138a. Due to the thickness of the table assembly 44 as determined by the thickness of the base table 42 and the thickness of the relatively thick plastic blocks or anvils 62, it follows that the table assembly 44 effectively resists any deformation downwardly caused by the movement of the blade 64 through the lower end 170a of the various columns or logs 170 in the formation of the individual portions labeled 170b.
Also, the blade 64 resists deflection, either upwardly or downwardly, because of the clamping strips 144 and 146. Of course, upward deflection of the blade 64 is additionally resisted by the lower ends of the magazine tubes 22. It is extremely important when severing portions 170b as thick as demanded in commercial practice to have the thickness uniform from portion to portion. If the thickness varies from portion to portion, then the weight varies accordingly. Not only is the weight factor virtually critical, but the appearance of each portion 170b is extremely important, too. Because of the tremendous forces resulting from the cutting action, the table assembly 42 must be quite massive. Although it is adjustable vertically, it is normally stationary, the blade 64 moving relatively thereto (and also the magazine 20) in effecting the severance of the various portions 179b.
As the blade 64 is advanced from the position depicted in FIG. 6 to that illustrated in FIG. 7, the various pusher units 138 are retracted in synchronism with the advancement of the blade 64. With the thickness of the blade 64 corresponding to the thickness of the shank 138a, it is believed evident from FIGS. 6 and 7 that the fish portion 170b being severed is simply forced downwardly by the blade 64 onto the upper surface of the plastic block or anvil 62. Whereas the progression, that is the movement downwardly of the fish portion 170b as it is cut is not shown, the portion 170b appearing in FIG. 7 is shown as clearly resting on the upper surface of the particular anvil 62 shown in this view. It is important that the withdrawal of the pusher unit 138, more specifically its shank 138a, be synchronized with the advancing of the blade 64 in order to avoid breakage and also to virtually eliminate any curling that would otherwise occur. In a sense, the blade 64, as it advances through the lower end of each column 170, literally irons the portion 170b being severed so that it has no space in which to curl.
With the foregoing in mind, it is believed that the function of the finger 140 can now be fully appreciated, for the void 142 thereabove accommodates therein the beveled knife edge 64a as it passes just beyond the backside of the various tubes 22, more specifically those sides labeled 22a. The finger 140 acts against the backside of each portion 170b. The support provided by the finger 140 becomes very important at the end of the cutting stroke, for it then effectively resists any fracturing or breaking off of the portion 170b. Stated somewhat differently, toward the end of the cutting stroke, there is very little fish mass to resist breakage and the finger 140 at this stage of the cutting action simply keeps the fish portion from breaking.
It is now believed readily apparent that the adjusting action derivable through the agency of the adjusting screws or bolts 124, there being one such bolt 124 at each side of the apparatus, enables the operator to adjust the various pusher units 138 so that the shanks 138a thereof are retracted in order that the free end of each shank 138a is directly beneath the knife edge 64a of the cutter blade 64. In other words, the adjusting screws or bolts 124 permit the pusher pins 122 to be shifted so that the right or free edge of the shank 138 a appearing in FIG. 7 is in vertical alignment with the knife edge 64a. If there is any overlap, then it can be appreciated that the fish portion 170b is squeezed or crushed between the knife edge 64a and the overlapping portion of the blade 64 with respect to the underlying portion of the shank 138a. On the other hand, if there is a spacing of the right end of the shank 138a so that it is farther to the left and does not underlie the beveled knife edge 64a then portion 170b as it is cut is bent downwardly by the advancing knife edge 64a and breakage is likely to occur because there is no underlying support directly beneath the knife edge because of the displacement of the right end of the shank 138a relative to the knife edge 64a. Consequently, having the right end of the shank 138a juxtaposed directly beneath the knife edge 64a at all times is absolutely essential for severing uniform portions 170a from the columns or logs 170.
Describing now how the various portions 170b resulting from a single cutting stroke of the blade 64 are displaced or dislodged from beneath the magazine 20, the function of the various pusher units 138 will now be made manifest. Whereas on the cutting or severing stroke of the blade 64, the pusher units 138 are retracted by reason of the movement imparted to the cam plate 102, more specifically due to the action of the rollers 114 against the strip 118 of the cam track composed of the two strips 118, the rollers 114 act against the other strip 118 to advance the various pusher units 138 in the direction of the conveyor assembly 154 as the blade 64 is retracted from the position in which it appears in FIG. 7 back to the position in which it appears in FIG. 6.
As viewed in FIG. 7, the right end or edge of the shank 138a, this edge being directly beneath the knife edge 64a, acts against the now severed fish portion 170b to push or shove it to the right. Whereas the particular fish portion 170b pictured in FIG. 7 is not the first one to be cut from the log or column 170, it can be appreciated, it is believed, that the first portion (which is now on the conveyor assembly 154) is acted against by the shank 138a of the particular pusher unit 138 appearing in FIG. 7. Consequently, the severed portion 170b is pushed to the right. It should be recognized that the portion 170b is pushed completely from under the particular tube 22 seen in FIG. 7 so that it assumes the position of the fish portion 170b already displaced.
The cutting and pushing action alternates until the entire column 170 has been severed into individual portions 170b. There is no need to even shut down the apparatus as the height of the column 170 is reduced as a result of the successive cutting off of portions 170b, for all that is necessary is that an additional frozen column or log 170 be inserted into the upper end of the magazine tube 22 and it merely rests on the upper end of the log being diminished in size by reason of the portions 170b being sliced off the bottom end thereof.
For the sake of discussion, the region beneath the magazine 20 can be considered to be a cutting or severing station. One nicety of our invention is that the severed fish portions 170b are all uniformly oriented after they have been cut from their respective columns or logs 170. In this regard, each tube 22 has the previously mentioned relatively narrow sides 22a, 22b, and the relatively wide sides 22c, 22d. Hence, the various fish portions 170b as they are displaced from beneath the various tubes 22 constituting the magazine 20 are all oriented in the same direction, that is with the longer dimension of each portion 170b parallel to the other. Also, each portion 170b as it emerges from beneath the magazine 20 is spaced with respect to its adjacent portion 170b owing to the lateral spacing of the individual tubes 22 with respect to each other.
Whereas each portion 170b when acted against by its particular pusher unit 138 is shoved against the preceding portion 170b, the end result is that the various portions 170b are advanced by acting against each other onto the conveyor assembly 154. There is no change in the orientation of the various portions 170b and each is introduced onto the conveyor assembly 154 in the same fashion that it leaves the magazine 20.
Although the successive fish portions 170b are touching each other up to the time they are moved onto the conveyor assembly 154, the conveyor assembly 154 is driven by the separate hydraulic motor 68 so that the speed of the various wire belts 156 onto which the various portions 170c are placed can be varied. By increasing the speed of the timing belt 64 (through the agency of the hydraulic motor 168) a spacing between the fish portions 170b can be accomplished so that when the portions 170b reach the distal end of the conveyor assembly, they are spaced appropriately for being processed. Thus, the free end of the conveyor assembly 154 can be considered to be a processing station in contradistinction to the earlier-mentioned cutting station. In actual practice, though, the conveyor assembly 154 discharges the portions 170b onto another conveyor constituting the beginning of one of a number of so-called "lines".
However, for the sake of facile discussion and drafting simplicity, as the various fish portions 170b advance on the individual wire belts 156 of the conveyor assembly 154, the open mesh of the belts 156 can be said to enable the fish portions 170b to be breaded and battered, or merely fried. Once again, it is important to recognize that the various portions 170b as they reach the free end of the conveyor assembly 154 are all oriented uniformly and this is achieved automatically with our apparatus 10. In other words, whether the further processing of the portions 170b is done at the end of the conveyor assembly 154 or on a conventional conveyor line, the point to be emphasized is that the successive portions 170b are relatively positioned or uniformly oriented so that the processing can be done. Consequently, it is believed obvious that our apparatus 10 lends itself readily to the mass production and mass packaging of fish portions. This is accomplished with virtually no waste, especially since the height of the table assembly 42 can be adjusted by means of the hand wheel 48, doing so on the fly, so to speak. Hence, when practicing our invention a highly acceptable end product can be obtained and this is done in a simple and economical manner.
Claims
We claim:
1. Apparatus for severing frozen columns of fish or the like into identical portions comprising first means for holding a number of said frozen columns in a generally parallel relation with each other, second means for providing a first surface against which one end of each of said frozen columns abuts, said first surface being spaced from said first means, an elongated cutter blade having a knife edge, third means for advancing said blade in a plane generally parallel to said first surface for simultaneously severing a portion from one end of each of said columns, said second means having a thickness corresponding generally to the thickness of said blade, fourth means providing a second surface supporting the second means for sliding movement relative to said fourth means, and a fifth means for retracting said second means as said blade is advanced by said third means, said second means being retracted in a plane generally parallel to the plane in which said blade is advanced.
2. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 including means for adjusting said second and fourth means relative to said first means in order to determine the thickness of said portions.
3. Apparatus for severing frozen columns of fish or the like into identical portions comprising first means including a plurality of vertical tubes for holding a number of said frozen columns in a generally parallel relation with each other, second means for providing a first surface against which one end of each of said frozen columns abuts, said first surface being spaced from the lower ends of the vertical tubes, an elongated cutter blade having a knife edge, third means for advancing said blade in a plane generally parallel to said first surface for simultaneously severing a portion from one end of each of said columns, said second means having a thickness corresponding generally to the thickness of said blade fourth means proving a second surface slideably supporting the second means, said second and fourth means comprising a table assembly providing said first and second surfaces so that said first and second surfaces reside in generally horizontal planes, and said plane in which said blade is advanced being in a horizontal plane above said first surface and said plane in which said blade is advanced also being intermediately subjacent the lower ends of said tubes, and a fifth means for retracting said second means as said blade is advanced by said third means.
4. Apparatus in accordance with claim 3 in which the lower ends of said columns rest on said first surface and said blade has a single knife edge which is advanced in one direction to sever a portion from each of said columns.
5. Apparatus in accordance with claim 4 in which said second means acts against said severed portions to remove them horizontally from beneath said tubes.
6. Apparatus in accordance with claim 5 in which said second means is synchronized with said blade advancing means, said second means being retracted from beneath said first means as said blade is advanced beneath said first means to sever said portions.
7. Apparatus in accordance with claim 6 in which said blade is advanced and retracted at an acute angle with respect to said tubes and said removing means is retracted and advanced perpendicularly to said tubes.
8. Apparatus in accordance with claim 7 in which said acute angle is approximately 30 degrees.
9. Apparatus in accordance with claim 7 including a conveyor assembly for receiving said severed portions from said second means after removal from beneath said lower end of said first means by said second means.
10. Apparatus in accordance with claim 3 in which said tubes are laterally spaced, and means on said blade-advancing means for clamping said blade at laterally spaced locations intermediate said tubes.
11. Apparatus in accordance with claim 10 in which said clamping means includes a pair of clamping bars at each of said laterally spaced locations, one bar of each pair overlying said blade and the other bar of each pair underlying said blade.
12. Apparatus for severing frozen columns of fish or the like into individual portions comprising a magazine including a plurality of transversely aligned and laterally spaced vertical tubes, a table assembly beneath said tubes including a plurality of anvils, there being one anvil for each tube, a pusher unit tracked by each anvil for movement in a perpendicular path relative to said tubes, each pusher unit including a relatively flat shank movable into a position beneath the tube with which it is associated so as to support the lower end of a frozen column, an elongated flat cutter blade having a beveled knife edge, means for advancing and retracting said blade with its knife edge closely adjacent the lower ends of said tubes so as to simultaneously sever portions from said columns, and means for retracting said pusher units as said blade is advanced and for advancing said pusher units as said blade is retracted, whereby, as each portion is severed, the retraction of each pusher unit and its shank permits the portion as it is severed to be pressed downwardly by the blade against the particular anvil underlying same so that when each pusher unit is advanced after severance of the various portions its shank then acts against the particular portion it has previously supported prior to its severance.
13. Apparatus in accordance with claim 12 including a conveyor assembly for receiving said severed portions in the same relation to each other as they are severed from their respective columns and transferring said severed portions in said same relation to a station spaced from said magazine.
14. Apparatus in accordance with claim 13 in which said conveyor assembly includes a number of endless belts, there being one belt for each tube, and means for moving said belts at a speed sufficient to cause separation of the various severed portions as they are successively pushed onto the belts by said pusher units.
15. Apparatus in accordance with claim 12 including means for vertically adjusting said table assembly so as to vary the spacing between said anvils and the lower ends of said tubes.
16. Apparatus in accordance with claim 15 in which each of said pusher units includes a vertically oriented sleeve bearing and said means for retracting and advancing said pusher units includes a plurality of pusher pins movable vertically within said sleeve bearings so as to permit the vertical adjustment of said table assembly.
17. Apparatus in accordance with claim 12 in which said blade and shanks have substantially equal thicknesses.
18. Apparatus in accordance with claim 17 including means for adjusting the relation of said shanks with respect to said blade so that one end of each shank is constrained for movement in vertical alignment beneath said knife edge.
19. Apparatus in accordance with claim 18 including means providing a finger for underlying said knife edge after each severance of portions from said columns, said finger preventing displacement of the lower end of each column in the direction said blade is advanced.
20. Apparatus in accordance with claim 19 including means mounted on said means for advancing and retracting said blade for preventing deflection of said blade at laterally spaced locations between said laterally spaced tubes.
21. Apparatus in accordance with claim 20 in which said deflection-preventing means includes a pair of clamping bars at each laterally spaced location.
22. Apparatus in accordance with claim 21 in which said clamping bars project from opposite sides of said blade, and means securing said projecting ends in a fixed relationship relative to said magazine.
23. Apparatus for severing frozen columns of fish or the like into individual portions comprising a frame, magazine means including a number of transversely aligned vertical tubes fixedly mounted on said frame, an elongated blade having a beveled knive edge thereon, first and second blade supports, a first pair of spaced shafts angularly affixed to said frame near one side thereof for guiding said first blade support at an acute angle with respect to said magazine means, a second pair of spaced shafts angularly affixed to said frame near the other side thereof for guiding said second blade support at the same acute angle with respect to said magazine means, said blade having its ends attached to said first and second blade supports so that its said knife edge is substantially parallel to said magazine means, drive means for moving said first and second blade supports back and forth along said first and second pairs of shafts to advance said blade at the same acute angle as that of said first and second pairs of shafts while maintaining said knife edge parallel to said magazine means, a table assembly carried by same frame including a base table and a plurality of elongated plastic blocks secured to the upper side of said base table, there being one such block for each tube and each block having a groove extending perpendicularly to said magazine means formed by a pair of inturned flanges, a pusher unit guided by each groove including a flat shank slidable into position under the particular tube with which it is associated and each pusher unit further including an upwardly extending sleeve bearing, first and second shafts affixed to said frame at locations adjacent the ends of said magazine means and extending perpendicularly to said magazine means, a U-shaped cam plate guided rectilinearly along said perpendicularly oriented first and second shafts, said cam plate having a transverse member extending across its open end, a pusher pin for each pusher unit extending downwardly from said transverse member into the upwardly extending sleeve bearing belonging to the pusher unit with which it is associated for imparting rectilinear movement to each of said pusher units, a pair of parallel cam strips secured to the underside of the closed end of said U-shaped cam plate, a U-shaped cam roller support secured to said first and second blade supports at least one roller extending upwardly from the closed end of said U-shaped cam roller support to an elevation between said cam strips so as to cause said cam plate to move perpendicularly to said magazine means even though said blade supports move angularly with respect to said magazine means, whereby as said drive means moves said blade supports to advance said blade to effect a severance of portions from the lower ends of said frozen columns said pusher units are retraced via said cam plate and when said blade supports are moved in an opposite direction said pusher units are advanced via said cam plate.
24. Apparatus in accordance with claim 23 including means on said frame for adjusting said base table vertically to vary the thickness of the portions being severed.
25. Apparatus in accordance with claim 24 in which said adjusting means includes means providing inclined grooves beneath opposite sides of said base table, and slide blocks having cam strips movable in said inclined grooves to raise and lower said base table.
26. Apparatus in accordance with claim 25 in which each inclined groove includes a central upper section and downwardly sloping sections extending in opposite directions from said upper section, each of said downwardly sloping sections having a cam block associated therewith, and a pair of shafts journaled for rotation on said frame, each shaft having oppositely threaded sections engaged with said cam blocks so that said cam blocks are moved closer together to lower said base table when said oppositely threaded shafts are rotated in one direction and are moved farther apart to raise said base table when said shafts are rotated in a reverse direction.
27. Apparatus in accordance with claim 23 including means between said first and second blade supports for clamping said blade at spaced locations therealong to prevent deflection of said blade relative to said magazine means.
28. Apparatus in accordance with claim 27 in which said clamping means includes a pair of bars intermediate each two adjacent tubes of said magazine means, one bar of each pair engaging the upper surface of said blade and the other bar of each pair engaging the lower surface of said blade, said adjacent tubes being spaced laterally a distance at least as great as the width of said bars.
29. Apparatus in accordance with claim 1 in which said second means includes a pusher unit for each column, each pusher unit having a shank and one end of each shank being in substantial alignment with a section of the knife edge of said elongated cutter blade, each of said shanks having a thickness corresponding generally to the thickness of said blade and the upper side of each of said shanks providing said first surface.
30. Apparatus in accordance with claim 29 in which said third means also retracts said blade, and means synchronized with said third means for maintaining said substantial alignment of said one end of said shanks as said blade is advanced and retracted by said third means.
31. Apparatus for severing frozen columns of fish or the like into identical portions comprising magazine means for holding a number of said frozen columns in a generally parallel and vertical relation with each other, means providing a first horizontal surface against which one end of each of said frozen columns initially abuts, said first surface being spaced from said magazine means and movable relative to said magazine means, an elongated cutter blade having a knife edge, means for advancing and retracting said blade in a plane generally parallel to and above said first surface for simultaneously severing a portion from one end of each of said columns during the advancement of said blade, means providing a second horizontal surface beneath said first horizontal surface upon which said severed portions rest after said first surface has been moved from beneath said magazine means, said second surface being fixed, and means movable along said second surface and synchronized with said means for advancing and retracting said blade for acting directly against said severed portions to push said severed portions along said second horizontal surface from beneath the lower end of said magazine means during the retraction of said blade, thereby removing said severed portions from beneath said magazine means.
32. Apparatus in accordance with claim 31 in which said blade is advanced and retracted in a direction at an acute angle with respect to said columns.
33. Apparatus in accordance with claim 32 in which said acute angle is approximately 30.degree..