Electrical Contact Switch With an Extremely Small Actuating Movement

The invention relates to a leaf spring contact with an endwise applied actuating movement. Such contact switches have verstaile applications in circuit, control, and automatic control technology. They are particularly distinguished by their completely physical separation in contrast to contactless switches.

Already known contact systems are mounted at the ends of leaf spring contacts in so-called knife edge suspensions for free lateral movement. With these contacts, there occurs a deflection proportional to the endwise applied actuating movement. (U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,109,901 as well as 3,284,594).

A technologically desirable sudden bending and consequently abrupt switching action do not occur. Additionally disadvantageous is the large bending radius of such conventional arrangements, which causes the curvature to proceed from the knife edge suspension, and under the action of external friction a great wearing and disadjustment is produced; at least these problems accompany the conventionally known contact systems.

The attainable conversions from switching movement to actuating movement, are limited to known ratios and do not promise newer and simpler prospective applications.

The invention solves the problem of providing a mechanical contact switch, which in its method of operation eliminates the generally known disadvantages, which are caused by external friction points ascribable to bearings, joints, hinges and the like resulting in more wear and tear and operational unreliability.

In connection with this desirable object, the novel switch element should nevertheless also be capable of reacting with such sensitivity, under application of sufficient contact pressure as well as switch stability, that for example a minimal linear expansion ascribable to warming of solid-state bodies is experienced, or such that the element can be used for relay contact applications with practically no air gaps being formed between the two unipolar and mutually repulsive magnets serving as the actuating element. Finally, it is possible to perform the actuation with a piezo-crystal as actuating element instead of an electromagnet, with the piezo-crystal in an inversion of the piezoelectric effect producing a pressure pulse through application thereto of a voltage. Such a switch element comprehends many novel applications and should be distinguished in its production by simplicity and also an extremely small number of component parts.

According to the present invention, this switch element comprises a leaf spring having a strength, shape and length dependent upon the intended use and directly carrying the contacts and closing upon performance of its closing motion.

The single FIGURE shows the leaf spring contact 1 which has on each of its two ends a completely rigid anchor 2.

The anchors 2 in turn are laterally immovable and are concentrically fixed in for example a surrounding housing, so that the direction of actuation proceeds endwise exactly in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the producing leaf spring. In the drawing for example this is achieved in a very simple manner without external friction points by means of a diaphragm 3, which permits no lateral deflection. According to the invention, the desired extremely high ratio between the actuating distance along the longitudinal axis and the switching distance at the switching contact will be made possible by the fixed anchoring at both ends and by the longitudinal axially symmetric application of the actuating force and is produced by the consequent sudden bending stress and by the sudden bending resulting upon transgression beyond this stress in the middle region of the spring contact.

Moreover, the varying sudden bending characteristics known from mechanics or physics result precisely from the rigid and therefore inflexible or movable holding of the bending rod. Publications taken into consideration:

U.S. Pat. No. 3,109,901

U.S. Pat. No. 3,284,594