Electronic Bowling Scoring System With Bus Communication Between Manager Console and Lane Score Consoles

Bowling score devices, both electromechanical and electronic have been proposed and developed for automatically computing and displaying bowling scores. However, the full benefits of electronic score processing can be realized only if all lane score processing units are in communication with a central manager's station. In this way the manager can monitor and control the activity at each lane. A prior art effort in this direction is disclosed in Fischer U.S. Pat. No. 3,907,290.

Fischer discloses a bowling scoring system wherein a central control unit controls the computing and display of game scores at all lanes. The processor of a central unit communicates through an interface with the memories at each lane pair console so that they serve as the memory for the central processor. Each lane pair console, in addition to the lane pair memory, has a character generator for driving a CRT display and keyboard and automatic pin sensor inputs. The only display at each lane is a CRT display. A single central printer is located at the central processor. The central processor has no game score data memory of its own. No game score processing can occur at any lane. Therefore, the system has the limitation that score processing and display at each lane must await its shared time at the central processor. Further, since a single printer is located at the central processor, printing is also delayed. It has been found that this seemingly simplified approach results in a scoring system which is unnecessarily expensive to build and maintain because of the redundancy which must be provided at the central processor both for processor and printer lest the entire system break down with the failure of any single component at the manager's station. Moreover, no specific means are disclosed for transferring video display material between the manager's console and the lane score processors, to maintain the manager's communication with and supervision over individual lanes.

A similar earlier effort is disclosed in Walker U.S. Pat. No. 3,700,236, which discloses a system having a single computation means for a plurality of lanes, each lane pair may be selectively set for open or league mode of bowling All computation is carried out at the single computation center, with the computed score results being transmitted to a printer at each lane. This system suffers from the same deficiency of centralizing all score processing at a single central unit with its attendant delays in processing and the risk of a breakdown of the entire house with any failure at the manager's station.

The subject invention comprises a manager's console for a bowling establishment which provides administrative control over individual scoring consoles provided at each lane pair. The manager's console communicates with the individual score processing consoles over four communication cable buses by which the console can selectively communicate with any individual score processing unit of all of the score processing units by (1) sending commands; (2) receiving data; (3) sending video signals to be displayed at the CRT monitors at a selected score console; or (4) receiving video signals from a score console instructed to transmit such a signal on the video bus. By the transmission of commands including lane score console address codes, register address codes, command and data codes from the manager's console to any identified score processor unit, the manager is able to exercise supervisory control over the processing functions occurring at any lane. By transmitting a video signal over the communicatiion cable bus, the manager console is able to display messages at any identified score processing console. By sending the proper command word to an identified score console, the manager console is able to cause that console to emit the video display, i.e., the game score data currently appearing on the monitor at that identified lane.

As a result of the provision of these functions, the manager's console exercises supervisory control over the entire bowling establishment. However, because individual scoring consoles are provided at each lane pair, a breakdown in any single scoring console or at the manager's console will not interfere with the continued operation of the bowling establishment. Further, since the manager's console is fully compatible with the individual bowling scoring consoles, it can be made up from the same components used to construct the individual lane score consoles. The difference in functions can be provided by providing the manager's console with a tailored set of control read only memories programmed to provide the different programming functions to be disclosed herein and which establishes the communication between the manager's console and the individual lane score consoles.

U.S. application Ser. No. 711,217, Warner, et al, "Bowling Scorer," now U.S. Pat. No. 4,092,727 disclosing a lane pair computer, and U.S. application Ser. No. 725,885, Kaenel, "Printer for Bowling Score Computer," disclosing a printer cooperating with a lane pair score computer, are incorporated herein by reference.

FIG. 1 is a representation of the manager's console including the control keys.

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the functional relationship of the manager's console with the computer units at the individual lanes.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram of the processor components, common to both the manager's console and the lane pair score processors.

FIG. 4 is a block diagram of the significant elements of the microprocessor control board and video display board of FIG. 3.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram of the video display control board of FIG. 3.

FIG. 6 is a detailed schematic diagram of a portion of the interface between video input/output parts of each processor.

FIG. 7 is a listing of the significant control functions exercised by the manager's console over the lane score processor units.

The disclosed manager's console 1 (FIG. 1) for an automatic scoring system provides administrative control over a plurality of scorer consoles for the bowling proprietor. As shown in FIG. 2, the manager's console 1 is connected in parallel over four communication buses 2, 4, 6, 8 with all the score consoles 10, 12, 14 of the bowling establishment. The manager's console communicates over these buses as follows:

1. The console 1 transmits commands including the identity code of a designated console to the scorers 10, 12, 14 on the command cable 4;

2. It receives data from the addressed scorer 10, 12, 14 instructed to transmit data on the data cable 2;

3. It receives the video signals from the scorer 10, 12, 14 instructed to transmit such a signal on the VIDEO OUT cable 8; and

4. It causes the transmission of video signals to the addressed scorer console 10, 12, 14 on VIDEO IN cable 6.

The score processing units of the scorer consoles 10, 12, 14 communicate over buses 2, 4, 6, 8 as follows:

1. They receive commands (including score console identification codes, command or instruction codes and data codes) on bus 4 in 8-bit long bytes;

2. They transmit 8-bit long data words on bus 4 to manager's console 1;

3. They transmit the video signal of their monitor displays 24L, 24R through a video interface switching circuit (30, FIG. 3) over video cable 8 when instructed to do so by the manager's console 1; and

4. They display on their monitors 24L, 24R a video signal supplied over video cable 6.

It should be understood that three lane consoles 10, 12, 14 are shown only for purposes of example; as many as 49 lane consoles have been successfully used with this system.

As shown in FIG. 3, the manager's console 1 includes a keyboard 20 by which control commands can be initiated and data inserted into the unit; a microprocessor (MPU) board 22 which operates on the commands and information; a cathode ray tube monitor 24 by which the console 1 communicates with the operator and on which the display of a CRT monitor 24L, 24R of any lane score console 10, 12, 14 can be made to appear; a printer 26 by which the score sheet from a lane governed by any score processing unit 10, 12, 14 can be produced; a video board 28 for providing display signals to the CRT monitor; and an interface board 30 for connecting the processor board 22 and the monitor 24 of the manager's console 1 with the processor board 22 and display monitors 24 of any bus connected lane scoring console.

Each lane scoring console 10, 12, 14 includes the same electronic components as included on the manager's console 1. Lane consoles 10, 12, 14 differ from the manager's console 1 only in having a different keyboard; a differently programmed read only memory controlling the microprocessor board 22; and a second CRT monitor 24 so that the game score information on each lane is displayed on a separate monitor.

FIG. 4 shows in block diagram form the cooperative relationship of the essential elements of the microprocessor board 22 and video board 28 located in the manager's console 1 and each lane pair score console 10, 12, 14. Each console includes a microprocessor 40 which is a Motorola MC6800 whose timing is controlled by a clock ocillator 42 connected through suitable pulse shaping networks to the microprocessor. Data is transmitted to and from this processor through ports connected to a data bus D0-D7. The addresses of the devices which are to receive the data or from which data is to originate, are generated through the "A" ports of the microprocessor, which ports are connected to an address bus A0-A15. A read/write signal on a CONTROL line controls whether the devices are to receive or send data. And the enable strobe on a control line indicates when the signal levels on address lines, data lines, and read/write lines are stable, can be interpreted by the devices attached to these lines, and therefore are to be executed by these devices.

The data to be processed by the microprocessor 40 is stored in the random access memory RAM 4 and is transferred over lines D0-D7.

The same data transfer lines D0-D7 also carry the incoming command words in 8-bit long bytes from the asynchronous communication interface adapter ACIA 45. The ACIA device 45 is a Motorola MC6850 receiving inputs in serial form from bus 2 over input port B which is located on the interface board 30. The input information is transferred on to the processor unit in 8-bit parallel form. Output information is transferred from the microprocessor to the ACIA, in 8-bit parallel form, and converted to a serial format for transfer over the outgoing bus 2. At the lane score processors, input information comprises command words received over bus 4, and output information comprises data words sent out over bus 2. The bus connections are reversed in the manager's console; bus 2, carrying data words, is connected to the input of the ACIA device 45; bus 4, carrying command words, being connected to the output of the ACIA device 45.

The controlling program for each console microprocessor 40 is stored in the read only memory ROM 46 addressed over address lines A0-15; the commands are supplied to the microprocessor 40 over data lines D0-D7. The program for the lane score processor computes for display and printing purposes, individual and team game score data on a frame-by-frame basis in accordance with principles well known in the bowling art. For a more complete description, see the Kaenel application incorporated herein by reference.

The program for the manager's console 1 controls the bus communication between the manager's console 1 and each lane score console 10, 12, 14. The functional behavior of any addressed lane score console 10, 12, 14 can also be controlled from the manager's console. The functions will be discussed below, especially with respect to the control of the video display at the individual lane score consoles and the manager's console.

Each console manager 1 or lane scorer 10, 12, 14 has a random access memory 44, located on the video display board 28. It is accessed via an address multiplexer 50 and transmits its data back to the microprocessor unit 40 over lines D0-D8. The CRT control board 47 (to be explained in detail in describing FIG. 5) which is the major element of the video display board 28, accesses the random access memory 44 via the address multiplexer 50 to derive the data to be displayed on the left and right lane CRT monitors 24L and 24R (FIG. 5) which constantly display left and right lane game score information. The CRT control board 47 is connected by a GO/HALT line to the microprocessor to interrupt the operation of the microprocessor at regular intervals when the random access memory 44 is being accessed by the video board to transfer a line of data for display purposes. This halt function is necessary to avoid contention problems between the video board 28 and the microprocessor 40.

Data is routed to and from peripheral devices through peripheral interface adapters (PIA) 53, 54, 55. These adapters 53, 54, 55 are connected to the address bus A0-A15 and to the data bus D0-D7 to communicate with MPU 40. Each PIA 53, 54, 55 is a Motorola MC6820 which receives signals on the address bus from the microprocessor MPU 40 and includes a plurality of output lines for transmitting signals to the address peripheral units. The PIA includes a plurality of registers capable of holding a PIA output line high or low for an extended period. Thus, in response to a brief input signal, an output signal can be established to control a desired function as, for example, lighting an indicator light at the keyboard and display panel 20.

PIA 3, 55 is dedicated to the thermal printer to print the game score information as fully disclosed in the referenced Kaenel application.

PIA 2, 54 is used for a multiplicity of different purposes. For one, it drives the "open/league" indicator lights (i.e., CA2 terminal) and stores in a register the "open/league" flag which is used by the program to control various sequences. Also, the communications channel with the pinsensor terminates at this PIA 54. Furthermore, mode selection signals are tested by it (i.e., automatic/manual modes, printer enabled signal, printer fail). One port of PIA 2, 54 is used to control a status indicator light at indicator panel 20 which is made to flash if the MagicScore unit has not been used for three minutes; it remains on when the game reaches the ninth frame.

One port is used to energize identity switches 56 by which each MagicScore unit is given a distinct address; the program can interrogate these switches to determine if a command code at the manager's console is addressed to it. The results of such an interrogation operation are read by the ports of PIA 2, 53. One port of PIA 2, 54 is used to control the interface 30 (FIG. 3) by which the video signal of the MagicScore display monitor can be applied to the manager's console video bus 8.

Eight ports of PIA 1, 53 in combination with eight ports of PIA 2, 54 are used to scan a matrix of keyboard crosspoint contacts on keyboard 20. These ports are usually set to the high-impedance input mode. Sequentially, one at a time, these ports are temporarily switched to the low-impedance output mode during the scan sequence and a low signal level is applied to them when they are in this mode. Contact closures of the keyboard are detected by the ports of PIA 2, 53.

The use of PIA devices 53, 54, 55 and ACIA device 45 in combination with a microprocessor 44 is fully disclosed in the manual "M6800 Microprocessor Application Manual", copyright Motorola Inc., 1975, available from Motorola Semiconductor Products Inc.

The specific commands to be addressed to the PIA's 53, 54, 55 in the operation of this inventiion will be discussed in detail below.

The CRT control board 47 of video display board 28 is shown in FIG. 5, which comprises two portions 5A, 5B; FIG. 5A should be placed above FIG. 5B. By means of this board, a selected area of the random access memory 44 identified as VISIBLE RAM 44V which stores the identification of each player, each player's game, frame by frame, and total score information is repetitively accessed. All the information stored in area 44V is displayed on the monitors 24.

The random access memory 44 is addressed through an address multiplexer 50. The same random access memory 44 stores the data to be operated on by the microprocessor 40, which also uses multiplexer 50 for addressing. The CRT control board 47 includes means for addressing the random access memory 44 without interrupting the microprocessor 44 comprising clock controlled counter 51. In order to avoid a contention problem with both the microprocessor 40 and the CRT control board 47 simultaneously attempting to access the random access memory 44 through the same address multiplexer 50, a GO/HALT line is provided from a counter controlled decoder 69 to the microprocessor 44 which interrupts the microprocessor 40 on a regular schedule (8 MHZ rate) when the random access memory is being accessed by the CRT control display board 47.

The operation of the CRT control board shall be briefly described below; its construction is simplified by the fact that the CRT display has only two levels, black and white. This consideration also simplifies the design of the important feature of this invention, i.e., the interface (30, FIG. 7) by which the output signals defining the CRT display normally appearing on the left and right monitor 24L and 24R are selectively decoupled from these monitors and applied instead to the video out bus 8 (FIG. 8) via the video interface of FIG. 7.

The CRT control board 47 includes a clock controlled counter 51 having four separate counters therein for accessing RAM 44 and locating the data characters stored therein defining each player's game and frame score informatiion on the monitor 24. It can be seen from FIG. 1 illustrating the display of a typical CRT monitor 24 at the manager's console 1, that a complete display for one lane includes eight rows of characters. A top or heading row includes the name of the team and the number of each frame being bowled as well as total and handicap headings. The next six rows are for the display of the game scoring information of the six possible bowlers on a lane. The eighth row names the player who is presently bowling on the displayed lane, the number of games and frames already bowled on the lane, and the individual and team running scores and totals. At a lane score console the displays for the left and right lanes appear on separate left and right monitors 24L and 24R. The character data for the two displays is stored in alternating positions in RAM 44. Thus, by alternately shifting out characters to separate registers, as discussed below, both left and right displays are produced by a single control board 47.

The eight rows of a display are counted by the character row counter 66. As the character row counter 66 counts through the eight character rows, row by row, signals are applied thereby to the address multiplexer 50 which accesses the random access memory 44.

Thus, as each row is completely displayed the eight rows of a display are counted by the character row counter 66. As the character row counter 66 counts through the eight character rows, row by row, signals are applied thereby to the address multiplexer 50 which accesses the random access memory 44.

Thus, as each row is completely displayed, the next row of characters in RAM 44 is addressed for transfer. Each of the eight rows of a CRT display is broken up into twenty horizontal scans. Data transfer from the random access memory 44 to the recirculating shift register 70 occurs during the top and second scan of each character row. These scans are counted by the scan row counter 68. The output of the scan row counter 68 is applied to a decoder 69 having a repetitive output which develops the signals shown to transfer each character display row from the random access memory 44 to a recirculating shift register 70.

It can be seen that the outputs of the decoder 69 during the top and second scans are applied to an OR gate 72 to apply a signal to the GO/HALT line to the microprocessor 40 to halt its operation. For the duration of this signal, the character row counter counts an address the random access memory 44 through multiplexer 50, and the microprocessor 44 cannot interfere. The same top scan and second signals are applied through AND gates 74 and 76 to the load control input of the recirculating shift register 70, causing a row of characters to be inserted in the shift register from RAM 44.

Each row of game score information on the screen includes space for 41 characters. These characters are counted by the character column counter 76. The width of each character varies from 7 to 10 counts, depending on its location on the display, i.e., a character adjacent a vertical line had a higher associated counted width, to allow space for the line. The count is provided by the scan column counter 78 and is changed from 7 to 10 by a signal from the state ROM 80 which stores the over format of each line of characters. Format signals are transmitted on the output line from the column decoder 81 to the horizontal and vertical sync generator 82 to provide the necessary sync signals as the beam scans across the screen. The associated state ROM 80 is in effect a redundant decoder in the sense that different addresses have the same output so that the format assigned to each character frame and each row can be efficiently stored.

The decoder 81, connected to the output of the scan column counter 78, provides two signals, CHARACTER MIDPOINT and CHARACTER START to AND gates 82, 83, which receive as the other input thereof the top scan and second scan signals from decoder 69. These gates 82, 83 provide two successive load signals and two successive shift signals during the top and second scans of each line of characters; this arrangement is necessary because the character data for each line on the left and right monitors 24L, 24R is interlaced on a character-by-character basis in the random access memory 44. That is, the first character for the left-hand monitor is followed by the first character of the first line on the right-hand monitor and so on. Therefore, the characters for the left-hand monitor 24L are first shifted out of the random access memory 44 into the recirculating shift register 70 and then the characters for the right-hand monitor 24R.

Each row of characters is converted sequentially through a character dot ROM 84 into a sequence of display dots during a beam scan. The binary information necessary to display each character is provided by the character read only memory 84 as each character is read out of the shift register 70. A different line of dots is produced for the same row of characters stored in each register 85, 86, depending on the scan line in a displayed row. Thus, the character ROM 84 is also a decoder for outputting the binary beam modulating signals necessary to define each character on the screen.

The beam modulating signals from this read only memory 84, if for the left-hand screen, 24L are stored in a 7-bit delay register 87. The data representing the following character in the recirculating shift register 70, which is to appear on the right-hand monitor 24R, are loaded directly into a parallel to serial register 86. As this register 86 is loaded, the delay register 84 shifts its storage bits to the left-hand monitors parallel to serial register 85. Use of delay register 84 allows the display on both the left- and right-hand monitors to be controlled using a single sync generator 82.

In each 8-bit character word, two bits have special significance. A single significant bit determines whether the character to be displayed shall be a cursored character. If so, the character appears on the monitor on an inverted field, i.e., as a black character on a white background rather than a white character on a black background. A second significant bit is dedicated to indicating that a split has occurred when the indicated pin fall was achieved. If so, a short vertical line is displayed under the middle of the character. Each of these bits enable lines loading into register 89 and 90. The output of the register 89 when a split bit is detected is combined via an AND gate 91 with the character midpoint signal and bottom scan line signals received from AND gate 92 to properly combine the split indicating vertical dot line; and these character dot signals are combined with the character dot output of register 85 at OR gate 93.

If the character is to be cursored, then the output on the C line of register 89 activates the CONTROL input inverter 94, and the character dot output from register 85 via OR gate 93 is inverted by field inverter 94. The output of this field inverter then is combined at OR gate 95 with sync signals from generator 82, and transmitted via interface 30 to port 106 and monitor 24L. The right monitor's video data signals are transferred from register 86 through OR gate 96 (which adds the split display signals) to field inverter 97 where the display field is inverted by the presence of a cursor signal C from register 90. The output of inverter 97 is transferred through a multiple input OR gate 98 to interface 30, port 105 and monitor 24L.

The other inputs to multiple-input OR gates 95, 98 are signals from the horizontal and vertical line generators 100, 102 which draw the background grid on the screen. The verticcal line generators 100 and 102 are controlled directly from the decoder 82 based on signals received from the state read only memory 80 and the count from scan column counter 78.

All of this disclosure is as a background to demonstrate how the serial, binary signals are developed to place information stored in a lane score console random memory 44 on the left- and right-hand monitors 24L and 24R. The same CRT control board is located at the manager's console 1; the CRT monitor at console 1 is connected to one video output port 105 or 106, with the other port left in air. Since the video signals to each video port comprise only a sequence of binary information, an interface 30 has been designed to transmit the video from any lane monitor 24L or 24R to the manager's console 24. This invention is particularly concerned with means for taking the display off either monitor and transferring it over VIDEO OUT bus 8 to the display of the manager's console 1. Alternatively, on appropriate command, the manager's console is able to put its own display directly on the face of monitor 24L and 24R, replacing whatever game score display normally appears thereon under the control of CRT control board 47. The means by which these functions are accomplished is included in the interface shown in detail in FIG. 6.

FIG. 6 shows the video switching circuit interface board 30 in detail including the connections to buses 6, 8. The other buses, the command cable 4 and data cable 2, are directly connected to the ACIA device 45 shown in FIG. 4 for transmitting commands to the microprocessor and receiving data words back from the microprocessor. Cables 6 and 8 are connected to ports shown on the interface board of FIG. 7.

The discussion below describes the function of the interface board at a lane pair score processor 10, 12, 14. The bus connections would simply be reversed at the manager's console 1.

The VIDEO OUT cable 8 which transmits the information from a lane monitor at an addressed console back to the manager's console 1 (FIG. 1) for display on that console's single monitor (FIG. 1) is connected to a VIDEO OUT PORT 110. This VIDEO OUT PORT 110 receives either the left or right video information as determined by the video selection gating system 120 to be described in detail below. The gates of the video selection means 120 are enabled by commands transmitted from the manager's console 1 (FIG. 1) to the lane score microprocessor 22 of the addressed land score console. The switching does not affect the continued game score display on the local monitor.

Alternatively, where the manager's console wishes to display information on the lane score consoles left and right video monitors 24L, 24R as, for example, advertising information, this information is transmitted directly to the VIDEO IN PORT 122 over VIDEO IN bus 6. The locally generated game score means 120 which selectively transmits information appearing on the left and right monitors 24L, 24R to the VIDEO OUT PORT 110 also includes gates for cutting off the video normally received by the left and right monitors 24L, 24R from CRT control board 47 of video board 28, so that the monitors 24L, 24R display video from the manager's console 1 arriving on bus 6 at port 122 in place of the video locally generated. These gates are also responsive to commands from the manager's console. The means for transmitting these commands is disclosed in detail below.

As shown in FIG. 6, the left video information and right video information arriving at interface 30 from gates 95 and 98 is normally applied to driver transistors Q.sub.1 and Q.sub.3 and thereby to ports 105, 106 for display by monitors 24L, 24R.

The video selection means 120 functions as follows. When the manager's console orders video information from one of the two video monitors 24L, 24R at a lane score console transmitted back to the manager's console monitor 24, a command is transmitted (as shall be described in detail below) to the lane scorer's microprocessor 40. This microprocessor addresses a control register in the PIA2, 54, and sets a bit therein, establishing a listing signal on the appropriate command lines 126, 128. For example, if a signal appears on command line 126, ordering transmission of the right video normally on monitor 24R, back to the manager's console, then the AND gate 123 is enabled. This gate 123 is now going to pass the right video information currently being displayed on the right video monitor 24R through the gate 131 and via the driver transistor Q.sub.4 to the video output port 110 and out over video output bus 8 without interfering with the display on monitor 24R.

Alternatively, if the left video is desired at the manager's console monitor 24, the appropriate command to MPU 44 causes it to set a bit in the control register in the PIA 3, 54 to establish a signal on the left video command line 128 which is applied to gate 124. Thus, gate 124 has the left video information applied to the other input thereof. This video information will now be transmitted via the gate 131 to driver transistor Q.sub.4 and out the video port 110. In either case, appropriate horizontal sync signals are added to the outgoing signal via transistor Q.sub.6. The outgoing video via gate 131 is a two-level signal, i.e., +1 and/or 0. The added sync signal is at a -1 level, and must therefore be added beyond the last logic gate. Gate 130 is an exclusive OR gate which pulls the VIDEO OUT port 110 to ground in the absence of a command or in the presence of both commands on lines 126, 128, to prevent spurious transmission, especially of the H SYNC signal.

Or gate 132 is provided to implement a third alternative, i.e., that the manager's console commands the display on monitors 24L, 24R of information transmitted from the manager's console on bus 6. To carry out this function, it is not only necessary to apply the information from bus 6 via port 122 to left and right video ports 105, 106; it is also necessary cut-off cut-off the normal video information from gates 95 and 98. This is done by transmitting commands from the manager's console to the microprocessor 44 to set register bits requiring transmission of both the left and right video. On transmission of an appropriate command to the lane score units to display the information on bus 6 on the left and right monitors 24L, 24R, the microprocessor addresses both the registers in the PIA 54 to set bits establishing a signal on both command lines 126 and 128. This results in command signals being applied to the OR gate 132 and exclusive OR gate 130.

The exclusive OR gate has a zero output just as it does on no command signal. Thus, VIDEO OUT port 110 is held at ground by transistor Q.sub.5, and no monitor information is sent out port 110 on bus 8.

It is only in the presence of a signal on both command lines 126, 128 that the output of OR gate 132 changes state. In this instance, when both commands are present, the output of OR gate 132 applied via inverter 142 to multiplexer gates 134, 136, closes both gates, cutting off the normal video from gates 95, 98 to the left and right monitors. The result is that no further information can be transmitted to the left and right video ports from the local CRT control board 47 (FIG. 3). Simultaneoulsy, multiplexer gates 138, 140 are opened by the signal from gate 132; thus, the signal received over bus 6 at port 122 and amplified by transistor Q.sub.2 is applied to monitor amplifiers Q.sub.1 and Q.sub.3 and appears at ports 105, 106 on monitors 24L, 24R.

The description above applies to the operation of the lane score processors. At the manager's console, the same CRT control board 47 (FIG. 5) and video interface 30 (FIG. 6) are used. The single monitor 24 is connected to either the left or right port 105 or 106. However, bus 8 is now connected to port 122; and bus 6 which carries video to the lane score processors 10, 12, 14 is connected to port 110. Alternatively, bus 6 at the manager's console end may be connected directly to a TV camera and video amplifier, the TV camera being normally directed at an advertising display. In this alternative the video amplifier could include an AND gate having an enabling line connected to a PIA port; the gate would be opened when the register connected to the PIA port has a bit set by the manager's console microprocessor.

As to the commands, establishing a signal to both command lines 126, 128 at the manager's console blanks out the local display and puts the display from the selected lane score processor on the monitor 24.

Communication of commands from the manager's console 1, FIG. 2 to each lane score processing units 10, 12, 14 is in the standard asynchronous code format. Four code types are defined by using identifying bits in the last significant bit positions. The microprocessors immediately recognize these bits to identify the code type being received. This enables the manager's console to communicate effectively with any one or more of the lane score processing units. First, a unit address code is transmitted on the command bus 4 which is identified by the two least significant bits being 01. If the manager's console is addressing all lane score units, the 6 most significant bits are all ones. If a command is being sent that instructs the scorers to disconnect all video signals from the video cable 6, then the six-bit address consists of all ones except for the least significant bit.

A lane score processing unit 10, 12, 14 recognizes that it is being addressed by accepting and storing each address code received on the command bus. It first tests to determine if either of the 6 address bits consist of all ones or of all ones except the least significant bit. In either case, a flag bit is stored in a predetermined register in the random access memory causing the MPU 40 to recognize that it must process the next command on bus 4.

In the case where an individual lane score processor 10, 12, 14 is being addressed. A unit recognizes its own individual address by comparing the 6-bit address code to an address which is established manually on an array of six microswitches 140 located on the MPU board 40. These microswitches 140 are connected between ports on the PIAs 54, 53; the ports are addressed in turn and a comparison routine is carred out by MPU 44 to determine if the address code received does in fact match with the address code established on the microswitches 140. If there is a match, then a flag is set in a register in random access memory 44. The addressed score processing unit will then accept, store and operatee on the basis of the succeeding command words received in its ACIA 45 over the command bus 4 from the manager's console 1.

These codes consist of (1) a memory pointer code which will identify the register in random access memory 44 which stores the data on which the lane score processing unit is to operate or the PIA register to be addressed. Next (2) is transmitted a control code which will tell the microprocessor exactly what operation is to be performed, e.g., set or reset a bit. Finally (3) is sent a data code which will identify by the significant bits included in the code which bit locations in the register identified by the memory pointer code are to be operated on. Each of the command words, be it a memory pointer code, a unit address code, a control code, or a data code is transmitted in a format of 8 bits equal to one byte, to be compatible with the structure of the disclosed system which operates on 8 bit format codes.

The type of code being transmitted is identified by the state of bits in the least significant bit positions of the 8-bit byte. Thus, for example, a total of 12 bits are necessary to identify each and every one of the available memory locations at the lane score processing unit. These are provided by transmitting the memory code in two successive bytes. A byte wherein the two least significant bits are 00 designates that the other six bits comprise the low order 6 bits of the 16 bit memory pointer. The byte wherein the two least significant bits are 10 includes bit 7-11 and bit 13 of the memory pointer. The other bits of the pointer are automatically considered to be 0.

As pointed out above, the unit address code is identified by the two least significant bits being 01. The other six bits provide the address.

The control code is identified by the three least significant bits being 111. The data code must include eight significant bits of information. Therefore, it is transmitted in two successive bytes. Each data code byte is identified by the three least significant bits being 011. Where the fourth least significant bit is 0, then that byte includes the four bits representing the lower order half byte of data. Where the fourth least significant bit is 1, the other four bits of the data code represent the high order half byte of data.

Each lane score processing unit 10, 12, 14 under control of its microprocessor 40 receives each byte at the input port of the ACIA unit 45 where it is converted to an 8-bit parallel format and transmitted in that form to the microprocessor 44 which acts on the information as follows. Upon detecting that a memory pointer code or a portion of the memory pointer code has been received, the significant bit information which makes up the memory pointer code is deposited in a pre-designated pointer register 44P in the random access memory 44. Then in the course of the subroutine commanded by the control code, this pointer register 44P will be read to determine the register to be accessed by the processor 40 to carry out the commanded operation. The control code is next received by the MPU 40. The microprocessor 40 sets what are termed control flags according to the command contained in the control code. These flags are bits set in significant bit locations in predesignated registers F1-F4 in random access memory 44 or PIA 2, 54. These designated locations, flag registers F1-F4, each have 8 bit positions. Therefore 32 flag bit positions are available each of which may be selectively set and tested by different subroutines. For an example of how such bit positions may be arrayed, see lines 24-30 of page 1 of the program in Appendix A.

As a part of the normal processing sequence of the lane control scoring unit, the microprocessor 40 interrupts what it is doing on a regular schedule, e.g., every eight milliseconds, and tests each of these flag register locations. When a flag is detected, the program automatically branches to the subroutine commanded by that flag. Therefore, the control code may set a flag which designates that the scorer is to receive a data code and use it to modify the bits of the memory location addressed by the content of the pointer register. This may occur for example where the manager's console commands the page mode, i.e., a paging message is to be displayed on the top line of a monitor's display for a given lane. For example, the message might be for the player to call a particular extension number. In order to do this, the manager's console simply transmits the control code which states that the following datawords are to be stored in the RAM 44, beginning with the register pointed out by the pointer register 44P and in the following sequence of registers. Once the page message is stored in these registers, which would be located in the "visible" portion 44V of the RAM 44, then these registers would normally be acessed and their contents displayed as a part of the normal operation of the CRT control display board 47.

Alternatively, the command flag may indicate that the microprocessor for the lane score unit is to transmit data from the location specified by the pointer register. For example, the pointer register 44P may designate a register which contains game score data for a particular lane. The command may order that bit of data and all succeeding bits of game score data for the lane sent back to the manager's console memory 44, so that the manager's console 1 can print the score record for that lane. Since the manager's console microprocessor is fully compatible with the lane score processor consoles, being made up of exactly the same components and having only a modified controlling program, no modification of the data transmitted back to the manager's console is necessary. It is simply stored in a designated location in the random access memory which is normally accessed by the printer in the course of its print routine.

Alternatively, a control flag may be set which indicates that the bits defined by the ones in the data word are to be set. For example, this is a means of setting a flag in register VR or VL in PIA 2, 54 connected to lines 126 and 128, respectively, commanding interface 30 to transfer the selected video display over bus 8 to the manager's console 1. The command may require the resetting of a bit in a particular register location. This would be the case for example where the register VR or VL which in the PIA 54 is used to command video transfer is being reset to end video transfer from the lane monitor 24R or 24L back to the manager's console monitor. Finally, the manager may be testing the bit pattern of a location as for example addressing all the MagicScore score units to test if any have their screens blanked out, and asking that any score unit which has that flag set which causes its screen to be blanked transmit its address back to the manager's console. Thus, the processing at any one or more lane score processing units can be affected and interrupted during the otherwise normal procedures, from the manager's console which thereby exercises full overall control over the scoring functions carried out at each lane score processing units.

In operation, a manager's console function is executed by activating the corresponding key which causes a respective software subroutine to be entered. These keys 200 of the manager's console are shown in FIG. 1; the functions which they initiate are shown in FIG. 7. It can be seen that eleven of the functions are initated by keys so labeled.

The twelfth key is an execute key which is included to allow the manager time to reconsider the executive decision he has made and push the reset button instead of the execute button. For example, to display at the manager's console the display at lane 2, one would push 2 - DISPLAY - EXECUTE. To end the display, one pushes 2 - RESET - DISPLAY - EXECUTE. Once the subroutine addressed by the keyboard is entered, it transmits a series of codes on the command cable, beginning with the address code that selects the desired lane score unit or units according to the unit number (lane 2) that was first entered from the keyboard and is being displayed on the CRT display panel. Next is transmitted the memory pointer code which designates the memory location of the scorer wherein activity is to take place. (In this case a PIA register VR or VL.) This is followed by the control code which designates the type of activity that the MagicScore console is to carry out (set a bit in that register). This is followed by the data code which specifies the bits involved in the activity. In almost all cases, a data code is necessary. For example, to command a score processor to transmit its video data back to the manager's console, one particular bit in the designated register VR or VL in the PIA 54 must be set. Therefore, after the pointer register carries the address of that video display transfer command register in the PIA, the command carries a code requiring designated bit in that register to be set. Finally, the data code must carry a one in the least significant bit location of the actual data word. This indicates that it is only that bit which is to be set, thereby establishing a command signal on the line 126 or 128 connected to the addressed register.

In the bowling system described herein, many functions are initiated in the scorers by setting particular flags which are interpreted by the scorer's software as they would interpret entries from their own keyboard, for example, clear or print. Others involve requiring the lane score processing unit to read the status of certain flags, that is certain bits in the register selectively addressed by the pointer register (for example, 10th frame light on, open mode, list units inhibit mode). Still others involve storing particular data in selected locations (for example storing a paging message, storing a lane number display). Finally, some functions require the transmission of data from a particular lane back to the manager's console. For example, the manager's console print function is accomplished by transmitting the contents of the locations in random access memory which store a lane's game score data from a lane score processor into the manager's console random access memory. This is accomplished by transmitting the pointer register at the addressed lane scorer the first data location for a given lane for frame 1 of player 1 on a particular lane, and ordering the transmit function for that particular register; and then transmitting in the command code the included order to increment the number stored in the pointer register so that all the registers storing the game score data for an entire lane are sequentially addressed from the pointer register, and each register's contents in turn are transmitted back to the manager's console for storing in corresponding locations in the manager console's random access memory. The manager's console score program includes a printer subroutine for driving its own printer including a routine for calculating the score, and for transmitting it to the printer.

Thus, by transmitting the proper orders from the manager's console to the lane score processing unit, the manager's console is able to modify or interrogate any memory location of a lane score console unit. The manager's console 1 is able to gain control and initiate execution sequences followed by an addressed lane scorer 10, 12, 14 and thus significantly modify the functional sequences followed by the lane scorer. The use of standard components and subassemblies in both the manager's console and at the lane score processing units allows for simplified transmission of data over the buses 2, 4, 6, 8 between the manager's console and the scorer units, without the need to significantly modify the program sequence followed at the lane score processing unit 10, 12, 14 and without the need to otherwise structurally modify the lane score processing unit except to provide the necessary interface 30 between the bus connections which has been disclosed above. No complex data conversion techniques are necessary to provide the communication between the manager's console 1 and the lane score processing units 10, 12, 14 since both follow substantially the same execution sequences and are written using the same instruction set. Thus, a further important advantage resides in the simplified stocking of spare parts and facilitation of maintenance of the manager's console and the lane score processing units. The only difference between the manager's console 1 and the lane score processing unit 10, 12, 14 is a modification of the read only memory ROM 46 storing the program which controls the operation of the microprocessor 44 at the manager's console 1 to incorporate the necessary transmitting command. The individual lane score processing units 10, 12, 14 include as a normal part thereof an interrupt sequence for checking certain registers designated herein as flag registers to see if a bit has been set in such a register, or to set or reset a bit in a register in RAM 44 addressed by the contents of pointer register 44V. Such a bit serves a jump command to an existing subroutine in accordance with well known programming principles. Such programming principles as are specific to the disclosed system are disclosed in "M6800 Microprocessor Programming Manual"; copyright Motorola Inc., 1975 and published by Motorola Semiconductor Products In. and incorporated herein by reference.

The operator's keyboard which is used to initiate control functions over the lane score processors is shown in FIG. 1 as it appears at the manager's console station. It includes 12 keys labeled to indicate the specific functions they initiate. A standard typewriter keyboard is provided for entering data and information directly into the manager's console memory 44. Some of the alphabetic keys may also be used to initiate functions as shown in the left-hand column of FIG. 7. The numeric keys are used to deisgnate particular lanes. The normal sequence for causing a function to be performed is to designate a lane number, then push the desired function key, then push the execute button. For example, the manager may wish to put lanes 1-10 in the league mode. He would push key 1, the THRU key on the console keyboard, and the 10 key. This would designate the lanes. He would then push the function key LEAGUE. He would then push the EXECUTE key causing the manager's console to address in succession each of lanes 1-10 and transmit to them an address pointer which points at the register which normally stores an open/league flag; a command to set the flag in the addressed PIA register; and a data word having a bit in the bit position corresponding to an indication to the local score processor 10, 12, 14 that the league mode should be followed in carrying out score processing operations.

The available communication functions between the manager's console 1 and the lane score consoles 10, 12, 14 are listed in FIG. 7. The key used to initiate the function may be an alphabetic key on keyboard 200 (FIG. 1). If so, it is listed as such on the KEY column. If a dedicated command key is provided on keyboard 200, it is indicated by a dash in the KEY column. It can be seen that under the set and reset columns, some of the lines have a term such as EXECUTE which means that the function listed in the FUNCTION column is immediately carried out when the EXECUTE key is pushed. Other lines, in the set and reset columns, simply have an X. This means that the keying in of the function at the manager's console simply has the result of storing a flag in the appropriate register at the addressed score processing unit.

A function such as the function for paging messages is carried out as follows. A lane, for example lane 5, is designated. The appropriate paging message, which may be "call extension 234" is typed on the keyboard, as the keyboard has been enabled by pushing the page key on the function keyboard. The paging message is displayed in replacement of the top row of data which would otherwise appear on the screen in the locations corresponding to the locations where it will appear at the designated lane. This is accomplished simply by storing it in the appropriate locations in the visible portion of the random access memory 44. When the message is completely typed in, the EXECUTE key is pushed and the program transmits a pointer which points at the location in the visible random access memory of the addressed lane score processor corresponding to the location where the first character of the paging message is to be stored in the visible RAM 44V. The command which follows is to store the succeeding data words in the register pointed at, and that the address stored in the pointer register at the lane is to be incremented after each data word is stored until the entire paging message has been stored in the appropriate locations in the visible random access memory. As the message is stored, in the visible portion 44V of the lane scorer's random access memory 44 the message is displayed at that lane scorer on the monitor 24L or 24R. The manager's console can eliminate the paging message by the manager pushing the lane number, the RESET key, the PAGE key and the EXECUTE key which will cause a pointer register address again corresponding to the first location in random access memory now holding the paging message to be pointed at. The command now sent is to replace the paging message with the heading which normally appears in row 1 and which can be found in a dedicated stack of locations at the manager's console RAM 44. The program moves each of these stored pieces of data back into the visible random access memory, and the normal display is restored.

Finally, as shown in the LIST column of FIG. 7, most functions commanded from the manager's console, a list appears on the manager's console monitor 24 of the lanes to which the command is directed or which are currently in the state specified.

The program for controlling operations at the manager's console is included herein at Appendix A. It is in the standard programming format used for the Motorola MC6800 8-bit processor. The left-hand column is a line number for each instruction. The next listing on each line consists of the address in memory in hexidecimal code of the operation code of the next succeeding instruction. The third column includes two alphanumerics which are the hexidecimal representations of the operational code. The next column includes four alphanumerics which are the hexidecimal representation of the memory address associated with the operational code; that is, the storage location of the data to be operated on.

The next two columns are a short-hand representation of the operational code defined in hexidecimal in column 3, and the memory address of the data to be operated on defined in hexidecimal notation in column 4.

Thus, referring to the program used to transfer the display at a lane monitor 24L or 24R to the manager's console monitor 24, the DISPLAY PROCESSOR routine appears on pages 21 and 22. The instruction at line 726 transmits to the appropriate lane score processing unit the address of the lane whose display is to be shown at the manager's console. The instruction at line 746 is a reset code sent to all lane score consoles to disconnect their video output ports from the video out but 8. In the instruction at line 755, the most significant half of the address of the PIA register is sent to the pointer register of the addressed score console. Each lane score unit has a separate PIA register for the left and right side CRT displays 24L and 24R. Therefore, the least significant half of the address must tell the microprocessor at the score console exactly which PIA is associated with the video display whose display is to be transferred. Thus, instructions 776 and 770 are provided to transmit the least significant half of the address to the pointer register, designating the left or right side PIA register. At 772, the command word is transmitted; that is, to set the bit in the PIA register addressed by the pointer register. At 774, the data code is transmitted which designates exactly which bit is to be set in the addressed PIA register. The necessary information having been assembled, at 779 the subroutine is called which transmits the command words over the command bus to the addressed score console.

As disclosed above, a command to transfer both displays at a single lane score console will result in cutting off all video and displaying the video from the manager's console. Obviously, the same pair of commands to set bits in register VL, VR at the manager's console will cause the display on monitor 24 of the display of the incoming video transferred from a designated lane.

Certain routines are supplementary to the LANE DISPLAY subroutine specifically discussed. They are also included in Appendix A, and are briefly discussed below.

The listing at pages 1-4 is the registers in the random access memory where data is stored. The list on page 4 is the addresses of the registers in the peripheral interface adapters which may be selectively addressed by the microprocessor. At pages 6 and 7, is the program interrupt which occurs every 8 milliseconds for reading the control registers, decrementing the counters, and flashing lights to indicate that the manager's console is available for accepting a command. At page 8 is the subroutine for polling the keyboard. The keys of the keyboard are connected to ports of the PIA which are energized to determine if a circuit has been closed through one of the keys. If the same key remains depressed through a number of interrupts, then it is determined to have actually been closed and debounced, and the character is stored.

Page 9 discloses the keyboard polling subroutine which determines beginning at line 338 whether a numeric, alphabetic or command key has been depressed (line 338, TBLPNT).

Various branches occur, depending on whether a numeric, alphabetic or control key is depressed. Referring to page 10, if a numeric key is depressed, indicating a lane selection, then this lane number is displayed (line 345) on monitor 24. If an alphabet key is depressed to input information, this is also displayed on the monitor 24 (line 347). If a control key is depressed at address 20E9, a control flag is set, followed by a jump to the subroutine on page 19. Pages 19 and 20 comprise a subroutine for determining what code has been commanded by the command key which has been depressed; this is followed by branches to the pertinent subroutines to implement that code (address 2375).

Pages 17 and 18 are simply a start-up routine for resetting all the registers. Page 16 is the branch routine for the numeric keystrokes that turn on lights when the execution is completed.

Page 24 is a conversion subroutine to provide the BCDBIT which is used to address a selected lane score console unit. Pages 25 and 26 are the subroutine which comprises means for transmitting an address code (OUTXNT). This subroutine includes means for checking that an addressed unit recognizes its address (24EC) and, if not, retransmitting the code (2500). Every lane score processing unit 10, 12, 14 receives the address code and by comparison with identity switches 140, determines that it is the one being addressed. Such comparison routines are well known in the art. See e.g., the listing on page 27, addresses 2571-2577, an address comparison subroutine for checking to determine that the score console next to be addressed in a sequence is not outside the desired range.

At page 27 are provided two subroutines, step to next monitor and roll display processor, the first of which automatically steps the addresses by increments of one at two second intervals (2562) so that a range of score consoles (e.g., lanes 1-10) are successively addressed. The second is a procedure for manual incrementing by one through the listed range (258C) with each depression of the N key so that a single lane monitor's display may be maintained on the manager's console monitor for as long as desired.

Page 28 is the related subroutine for executing a function over a range. At address 25AA the first numeric is stored, and at 25BO the bottom address is zeroed. At 25B8, a flag is set to indicate to the processor that it will be working over a range. At 25C2, a display text order is issued so that the message appears on the screen to enter the other end of the range. The other end of the range is read as the first step of any control surbroutine which is entered by pusing the command key on keyboard 200. This control subroutine will take the content of the BCD register which is loaded with the bottom end of the range, and put it in the range register. The data at lines 1059-1062 is the test which must be stored so that is can be displayed when called.

AT page 30 is the block processing routine which is needed to execute the same function at each address over a range and includes as significant steps therein at address 2616 resetting the abort flag to cover the possibility that there may have been a failure to execute an instruction; at 261E adding one to the last address used, at 2627 getting the top address of the range, and at 262A and following, comparing the incremented address to the new address. If the signal has exceeded the top of the range, then at 2632 a roll flag is set to prevent further steps. At 264A, the conversion is made to provide an address capable of display to indicate on the manager's monitor 24 the lane now being addressed.

At page 31 is the standard sequence which is followed when a command is not being executed, which at address 2676 inquires if the manager's console should be in the print mode, and at 2679 successively addresses all the units 10, 12, 14 connected to the manager's console 1 to determine if someone tried to clear a lane score unit or remove a score. The timer is set (2681) to limit the time in which some unit must answer. If such an action did occur, then an interrupt is set (268F), and the unit address is displayed.

Pages 14 and 15 list instructions for the page mode which is entered by depressing a lane designation and the PAGE command key on the keyboard 200. At address 21D4, the page mode is indicated on the screen, after which the processor waits for the entry of the characters which are to comprise the page message, which is to be displayed in place of the normal top text now on the game display monitor 24. Each alphanumeric key depressed is then stored in the visible portion 44V of random access memory 44. When the message is complete, the EXECUTE button is pushed. At 21DE and following is the page processor which outputs the line of characters to the addressed lane score console unit. Pushing LANE NUMBER, PAGE, and RESET to remove the page message will enter the processor subroutine at line 1181 of page 33, which jumps to the LINE TEXT subroutine at page 35. This subroutine transmits the normal top row characters to the addressed lane found at the address is defined at lines 1169-1178.

At page 23 is a subroutine for turning off an addressed unit. At 798 a unit is addressed; at 800, 802 the data VO pointer is transmitted; at 804 or 806, the command code to set or reset, that is, to turn on or off the processor, is transmitted and the flag positions where the registers to be set are transmitted at 810 and following.

Thus, the manager's console can transmit a PAGE message selectively to any lane monitor, and remove it at will after it is responded to.

This subroutine further demonstrates the communication facility provided by the invention claimed herein between the bowling establishment manager and every lane processor.

Page 35 begins a subroutine for putting out a line of text which may be a line of text which makes up the page message or if the page message is to be removed, the subroutine for transmitting the standard top line of text which is stored at locations 26C and following as shown on page 33. This subroutine must include the standard BCDBIT transmission of the addressed lane score processing unit and at address 2724. At locations 2735 and following, the memory pointer is transmitted, telling the addressed lane console to select the memory locations in which the line of text is to be stored.

At 2727 is the instruction to the addressed lane score console to look at the inputs on the data line, and the instructions at the following addresses tell the scorer console to store the incoming data in locations suceeding the original memory pointer and incremented successively by two. To eliminate the page message and replace the normal top row of game score data shown at 202 in FIG. 1 at the lane score console 24, the manager pushes the numeric key to designate a lane number, PAGE and RESET. This causes the processor at the manager's console to enter the subroutine at 26FO of page 33 which jumps to the line text subroutine at page 35. This subroutine will transmit the normal top row characters to the addressed lane as found at the top of page 33 in locations 26CE and following.

Page 38 is a conversion routine simply for displaying the address of the addressed lane score console at the manager's console unit. The conversion is necessary to make it compatible with the codes stored in the random access memory to be read by the CRT control board to establish the display.

Page 39, the practice play mode, is entered by designating a lane or lanes, pushing the PRACTICE command key on keyboard 200, and the EXECUTE key. The command processor output subroutine at page 25 provides the address code output means. At 3055 and 305C, the most significant and least signifiant halves of the pointer byte are transmitted. The command code to either set the practice play flag (3042) or reset it ending the practice play (304E) is next transmitted, followed by the data code at address 3063. As a result, the appropriate register in the addressed lane scorer unit has a bit set in the designated data location to act as a flag to the program at the lane score console which at its next interrupt will read the flag, and enter the practice play mode. The practice play mode simply consists in turning off the input from the pin sensor at the PIA.

At pages 40-41 is the print activation processor which is entered by designating a lane on the keyboard 200 followed by pushing the command key LANE PRINT, and the EXECUTE key. The address of the designatd lane scorer is transmitted at 30B5; the register address to be transmitted to the pointer register is at 30BA; the command code which is the set mode, that is, set the print flag, is at 30A8; and the data code which designates whether the left side or right side is to be printed appears at 308A and 308E. The same subroutine is followed when the printing is to be stopped by setting the fail flag, which is addressed by a data code at address 30CF.

The subroutine at page 42, which is used to list the printers off, consists of the addresses of some simple subroutines which are addressed in sequence to accomplish the desired function which is designated by pushing the LIST key and the alphabetic key V which is the inhibit printer key. The first step is to store and display a first line of text indicating the listing function, which is found at 30E6. After this, at 30EB, the manager's console addresses the first unit and asks for appropriate word to be transmitted back. At the following adddress, the significant bit is looked at at the manager's console and tested at the following instruction to determine if it is high or low. If it is high, then the lane number is displayed on the monitor 24 and the program jumps back to 30EE to repeat the function while addressing the next lane score console.

The next function is the suspend clear routine at page 43,. which is entered by pushing the lane designating numeric keys and the S command key. The address of the lane score console unit to be communicated with is found at 312B; the pointer register information is transmitted at 3130 and 3137. The command to set the bit is found at address 3316; if it is desired to reset the bit and end the inhibit clear, that command code is found at 3155. Means for indicating the significant bit in the designated register addressed by the pointer register comprise the command at address 311D, which transmits a byte including the significant bit. The suspend remove score routine is entered by pushing the BLANK button and the COMMAND key and the EXECUTE key. The subroutine jumps into a portion of the subroutine on page 43 beginning at address 312B, the SCSCLU to transmit the address 316F; the pointer is transmitted at 3176 and 3173, and the data code is found at 3183. The result is setting a flag which will be tested by the program at the appropriate lane score console unit before score is remoed after printing at the completion of a game at the lane, and the clear routine will not be entered until this flag is removed.

The inhibit open league subroutine on page 46 is entered by designating lane, pushing command key O, and EXECUTE. The significant portions of the subroutine are indicated by SUXOLS which is a jump to a subroutine to transmit the address of the designated lane score console unit. On return to the subroutine, at address 31AO, the pointer is transmitted; the control code is transmitted at 3147; and the data code to set this bit is at 31AE. To reset this function, and eliminate the bits set in the register storage means at the lane score console, the command at 31B3 is transmitted.

The remove score subroutine is entered by designating a lane on the numeric keys, pushing the R key and the EXECUTE key. The significant portion of the program begins at the instruction designated MSPRN4 which is a jump from another subroutine which provided the address of a lane score console unit and the pointer address.

Then follows a subroutine designated MSPRN2 which checks to see if someone attempted to remove the score. Any such test procedure, like the listing procedure, comprises means for addressing the significant register in the lane score console unit and sending a command to transmit the contents of the register to a designated register at the manager's console where a bit in that register can be tested. No data code is necessary as a part of such a subroutine because the entire register contents are being transmitted back to MagicScore for the test of that significant bit. After the test of this bit, the appropriate command to be sent is found at location 31E7 and the data code at 31EC. The program, as is obvious, provides for removing the score from either the left or right side, and on page 48, for first jumping into the print routine to require a print of both sides before the remove score routine is completed. The jump to this instruction can be found at address 3215.

The clear routine at page 50 is entered by depressing the appropriate numeric key to designate a lane, the C button and the EXECUTE button. The subroutine begins by addressing the appropriate unit using a jump to a subroutine NOTPRO. A subroutine labeled MSRN4 asks that a word be sent back from the addressed unit to determine if someone has previously tried to clear; and after the register contents are sent back, a test for the presence of a flag is provided by the routine labeled MSPRN2. An instruction to reset the flags indicating that clearing was attempted is provided at address 32AE.

The subroutine for addresing the unit and asking the register contents to be sent back is found beginning at the bottom of page 50 where the BCBIT instructions select a unit; at 32EO and 32E7 the pointer location is transmitted and at 32F1, the command to transmit the data back is sent. A timer is then set at 32FB to wait for the data to come back. Then at 3320, the return register data is tested to determine if the bit had been set in the left or right side. Returning to the previous page, then the command is sent to reset the flags which had been set, and the pointer register address command code and data codes are transmitted.

The automatic sequencing control in page 53 is entered by depressing alphabet key B followed by an EXECUTE key after designation of the lane. This subroutine is entered from the keyboard scan routine and the lane processor routine where the address of the addressed lane scorer unit is developed. After transmission of the pointer register address to select a flag register, the set command is found at address number 3366 or the reset command at 3375. The specific bit in the flag register F1-F4, which in combination with this sequence of commands provides the means for inhibiting the automatic sequencing, is designated at address 336D.

The subroutine to disable a printer at a lane scorer unit (page 54) is entered by lising the lane scorer units, pushing the S button and the EXECUTE button. At 3381 the program enters a display function which displays the function which is going to be executed. The command to set the bit in the flag register is at 339C; the command to reset the bit and enable the printer is at 33AB. The significant flag bit location is found at 33A3; the address of the flag register is at 3389. The address of the lane score unit is transmitted at BCDBIT.

At page 56 is disclosed a subroutine for setting a flag to prevent a bowler from entering his name into memory. It is entered by pushing the Z button, after the lane designator, followed by the EXECUTE key. As can be seen, the lane address is transmitted at BCDBIT, and the flag register location at address 33FO. The command code is found at address 3403, and the significant bit in that flag register to inhibit either the left or right side is found at 3410 and 3414. Thus, means are provided for selectivelly inhibiting either the left or right lane side depending on which of two data codes is trasmitted to set a bit in one of two possible significant bit locations in the adddressed flag register.

The open league select routine (page 59) is entered by addressing a lane, pushing the OPEN or LEAGUE command key, and the EXECUTE key. The function carried out is to disable the open/league select key at the addressed lane scorer unit, and then set a bit from the manager's console to put the lane scorer console in the open or league mode. In this fashion, the function established at the lane cannot be overridden by a bowler at the lane. The subroutine starts at address 34A9 with a jump to the subroutine which disables open league select and includes addressing the lane scorer unit, selecting the register O/L in the PIA which disables open lague selection, at 34AE and 34B5, and setting a bit in that register. Thereafter, the program jumps back up to 347F to transmit a set code followed by 3486 which selects the bit to result in open status, or 349A which is the reset code and 34A1 which is the same data code to eliminate the bit.

The select listing mode is entered by pushing the space key on the alphanumeric keyboard which enters the list function, followed by pushing the function command key desired. The result is a list on the manager's console screen 24 of all the lane scorer console units presently operating in the designated function mode. The listing mode begins by setting a timer for a time within which the returns from the addresssed consoles must be made, and displaying the text shown at address locations 3507 et seq. that the list mode is active. This is followed by a jump to various list subroutines. The significant subroutine for this function is at pages 80 set seq. At 4070 after the text is printed, the program jumps to 40 FB which selects a lane scorer console unit and commands the transmission back of the flag register contents. Thus, the command is sent to transmit at 4100 the contents of the register, and a timer is set to wait for the return at 410E. If a bit is present, the lane number is displayed on the monitor. Then the program goes back to the function list which goes to a block processing subroutine for testing if addressing the next lane scorer unit would exceed the designated range. If so, then the routine ends. The main purpose of the list fuction routines is to test for the significant bit position in the byte sent back from the flag register, as this byte is unique to each function indicated. It can be seen that the subroutines disclosed by loading bits in significant locations in addressable flag registers can control the operation of any lane score console. Further, by reading, i.e., transfer to the manager's console of a flag register byte, and testing a significant bit location in such flag registers, the manager can monitor bowling progress throughout the establishment. ##SPC1## ##SPC2## ##SPC3## ##SPC4## ##SPC5##