US 4,036,296 AGrant
Subsurface Well Apparatus
Issue Date:1977-07-19
•10 Claims
•10 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A surface-controlled subsurface safety valve apparatus and method of utilizing the safety valve in through-the-flowline serviced wells. Both the valve frame and valve operator are provided with ball and socket universal joints to enable passage of the safety valve past restrictions in the flowline resulting from bends and curves in the flowline by flexing the safety valve in moving to and from the subsurface operating location.
Metadata
Assignee
- Hydril Company
Inventors
- James D. Mott
- Tosh Miyagishima
Application Information
Application Number:US 5802407
Filing Date:1975-05-23
Priority Date:1975-05-23
Art Unit:354
Classifications
IPC:
E21B 4312
Field of Search:
166153;156;224 A;224 R
Patent Drawings (10 sheets)
Description
Cross Reference to Related Applications
The disclosures of this patent application is related to the disclosures of the following patent applications filed concurrently herewith:
1. Mott application Ser. No. 580,241, filed May 23, 1975, and entitled "Subsurface Well Apparatus Having Improved Operator Means and Method of Using Same",
2. Mott application Ser. No. 580,228, filed May 23, 1975, and entitled "Subsurface Well Apparatus Having Flexing Means".
Background of the Invention
This invention relates to the field of subsurface well apparatus and method for using same.
Subsurface safety valves are sometimes employed as catastrophic protection systems in wells for controlling flow of well fluids from the well producing formation at a subsurface location below the well head to avert well flow under disaster conditions or failure of the surface flow control systems. Operation of such subsurface safety valves may either be controlled by the well conditions--differential or ambient pressure--directly sensed by the valve at the subsurface location (direct-controlled) or controlled from the surface by a suitable control means (remote or surface-controlled). The differential pressure direct control valve is frequently and commonly referred to as the "velocity valve" or "storm choke" although the latter term is also used as a trademark. For a more detailed consideration of these types or categories of down hole or subsurface safety valves see the article entitled "Platform Safety by Down Hole Well Control" which appeared in the Mar. 1972 issue of the Journal of Petroleum Technology, published by the Society of Petroleum Engineers, Dallas, Texas.
Early examples of rotatable ball-type surface controlled subsurface safety valves include Knox U.S. Pat. No. 3,035,808, Fredd U.S. Pat. No. Re. 25,471 and Bostock U.S. Pat. No. 2,998,070. While these patents disclose the use of a rotatable ball-type flow closure element, other types of flow closure elements such as a flapper element as disclosed in Natho U.S. Pat. No. Re. 25,109 are also known. In general, these early surface-controlled subsurface safety valves were of the tubing retrievable type in that the upper and lower ends of the tubular valve housing were provided with means, normally threads, for connecting the valve housing in the production tubing and making the valve retrievable with the tubing, hence the designation of this type of valve as tubing retrievable. Mott patent application Ser. No. 427,978, now U.S. Pat. No. 3,901,321, considers a large number of prior art tubing retrievable type safety valve patents and reference is made to that disclosure for the purposes of incorporating that prior art herein. With a tubing retrievable type valve it is necessary to remove or pull the production tubing from the well in order to replace or repair the leaking or damaged valve and such tubing removal and installation operations are both expensive and hazardous and may result in permanent damage to the producing formation.
In order to overcome this problem with tubing retrievable valves, surface controlled wireline retrievable valves were developed such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. Re. 26,149 and U.S. Pat. No. 3,667,505. In general, these through-the-bore movable or wireline retrievable valves severely restricted the flow area through the valve due to the manner of their operation which required pressure responsive surfaces for the control fluid to be carried by the wireline retrievable valve.
Some attempts to overcome the disadvantages found in the prior art have used a combination of a surface-controlled tubing retrievable valve receiving and operating a wireline retrievable valve with the controls of the tubing retrieval when the tubing retrievable valve fails. U.S. Pat. No. 2,998,077 discloses the concept of locking a tubing retrievable valve open to conduct well operations through the valve while Canadian Pat. No. 995,915 and corresponding U.S. application Ser. No. 72,034, now abandoned, after filing continuation application Ser. No. 256,194 discloses the concept of releasably locking the tubing retrievable valve open. Such an arrangement is also disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,696,868 and 3,868,995.
Mott U.S. Pat. No. 3,763,933 discloses the combination of a tubing retrievable valve and a wireline retrievable valve in which the wireline retrievable valve is operated off the controls of the tubing retrievable valve without the tubing retrievable valve being locked open.
Mott U.S. Pat. No. 3,762,471 also discloses a tubing retrievable valve that is locked open and the wireline retrievable valve operated off the controls of the tubing retrievable valve. That patent further disclosed the use of a movable landing ring for operably positioning the wireline retrievable valve in the tubing retrievable valve for releasably securing.
Mott U.S. Pat. No. 3,744,564 disclosed an improved wireline retrievable or drop-in valve in which the drop-in valve operator sleeve was secured with the reciprocating tubular operator of the tubing retrievable valve to assure positive operation of the wireline valve. The wireline retrievable valve disclosed in these three Mott patents considered immediately above and their divisional applications did not carry the pressure responsive surfaces and did provide for a ball closure element having a diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the wireline retrievable valve housing in order to increase the flow area through the wireline retrievable valve.
Mott U.S. Pat. No. 3,858,650 discloses a dual controlled tubing retrievable housing without a flow controlling valve element for receiving and operating the through-the-flowline retrievable valve disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,744,564 with either control line.
The technology for completing wells drilled in the ocean with subsurface safety valves controlled from platforms remote from the well head has been developed. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,633,669 discloses a tubing retrievable ball-type subsurface safety valve automatically controlled from a remote operating or production platform by control fluid supplied to the valve through an inner tubing. Should the disclosed tubing retrievable valve be damaged for any reason it is necessary to move a work over vessel over the submerged well head assembly to pull the well tubing to replace the valve.
The technology of servicing offshore wells remote from a producing platform has also resulted in the development of through-the-flowline (TFL) movable tools that are circulated to and from the well through the well flowline to eliminate the need for a work over vessel to be positioned over the well head. U.S. Pat. No. 3,608,631 discloses a typical apparatus for pumping TFL tools into and out of a well while U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,331,437 and 3,601,190 disclose typical well head apparatus or Christmas trees having curved flowline loops of sufficient radius to enable passage of the TFL tools. The disclosed well head apparatus provided alternate access for the work over vessel positioned over the well head in order that wireline retrievable surface-controlled subsurface safety valves could be run into and out of the well.
U.S. Pat. No. 3,308,880 disclosed a typical flexible pumpable tool carrier apparatus or locomotive developed for TFL operations of installing and retrieving well tools and sets forth at length some of the problems encountered in being installed is identified as a shortened "storm choke" to enable passage through curves in the flow line.
Summary of the Invention
This invention relates to a new and improved subsurface well apparatus and method of using the same.
An improved cage and operator apparatus for a through the bore movable rotatable ball valve having a spherical diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the cage and operator apparatus. The longitudinally split operator apparatus is provided with securing members at each end of the operator for enhancing the structural characteristics of the cage and operator apparatus.
An object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved subsurface well apparatus.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved method of using a subsurface well apparatus.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a new and improved subsurface well apparatus and method of using the subsurface well apparatus.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view, partially in section, of a submerged well head completion remote from a producing platform with the well apparatus of the present invention operably positioned at a subsurface location in the well;
FIGS. 2A and 2B are side view of the subsurface safety valve of the present invention arranged in alphabetical sequence from top to bottom of the closed safety valve;
FIG. 3 is a side view, in section, of the valve ball;
FIG. 4 is a view taken along line 4--4 of FIG. 3;
FIGS. 5A and 5B are side views, similar to FIGS. 2A and 2B, illustrating another condition of the safety valve;
FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C are side views of the running tool arranged in alphabetical sequence from top to bottom of the running tool;
FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C are side views of the retrieving tool arranged in alphabetical sequence from top to bottom of the retrieving tool;
FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C are side views, in section, of the running tool positioned in the safety valve for installing the safety valve;
FIG. 9 is a side view, similar to FIG. 8A, illustrating the safety valve secured with the well tubing;
FIGS. 10A and 10B are views, similar to FIGS. 8B and 8C, respectively, illustrating the safety valve secured with the control member;
FIG. 11 is a broken side view of the retrieving tool moving into the secured safety valve;
FIG. 12 is a broken view similar to FIG. 11 with the safety valve apparatus released from the tubing retrievable housing;
FIGS. 13A, 13B and 13C are side views, in section, arranged in alphabetical sequence from top to bottom, of the retrieving tool and subsurface safety valve moving from the tubing retrievable housing;
FIG. 14 is an isometric view of the valve ball and surrounding mechanism; and
FIG. 15 is a view taken along line 15--15 of FIG. 14.
Description of the Preferred Embodiment
The present invention is preferably employed in a well environment such as that schematically illustrated in FIG. 1. A well head apparatus or Christmas tree, generally referenced as X, is secured at the top of a well casing C which extends downwardly in the well and which is provided with a plurality of perforations O for enabling flow of well fluids from a producing formation Q into the casing C. Preferably, one or more tubing strings are positioned within the casing C in conjunction with a packer P as is well known in the art. Whenever it appears desirable to service a well using through-the-flowline (hereinafter TFL) techniques the well is preferably completed using a pair of parallel production tubing strings S and S-1 and employing a tubing cross over tool Z to establish flow communication between the well tubings S and S-1 during TFL operations. The cross over tool Z may be of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,865,191, but in the case of a single tubing completion in which the well annulus between the tubing and the casing is employed as a TFL circulation channel, a well tool such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,750,752 may be employed. The completion schematically illustrated in FIG. 1 is a dual string with a single zone completion, but those skilled in the art may employ the present invention in wells having other completion arrangements.
Connected in the tubing S and forming a portion thereof at a desired subsurface location is a tubing retrievable housing H such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,858,650 or tubing retrievable safety valve such as disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,774,564. The housing H is adapted to receive and operate the subsurface safety valve V of the present invention which is illustrated in phantom operably positioned in the housing H in FIG. 1.
The Christmas tree X may be of any typical underwater completion well head assembly, such as those disclosed in previously mentioned U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,331,437 and 3,601,190. Such Christmas trees X are designed to operate on the earth's surface submerged in a body of water W and provide surface flow control of well fluids.
The Christmas tree X serves to place the well tubings S and S-1 in flow communication with the flow conduit or pipe lines U and U-1, respectively. The Christmas tree X is provided with connectors or curved flowline loops L and L-1 of sufficient radius to permit the passage of tools between the substantially horizontal flowlines U and U-1 and the substantially vertical well tubings S and S-1, respectively. While it is preferable that the loops be formed of as great a diameter as possible, the subsurface safety valve V of the present invention is designed for passing through a well head connector loop having a radius of 5 feet.
The flowlines U and U-1 extend from the well head apparatus and may be run to a producing or operating platform K that may be located a considerable horizontal distance from the Christmas tree X above the surface W-1 of the body of water W. Disposed on the platform K is a suitable manifold means M for the flowlines U and U-1 as well as the surface-controls for the subsurface safety valve V of the present invention. The manifold system M may be of the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,608,631, but other manifold arrangements for controlling well flow and conducting TFL operations are known to those skilled in the art. The safety valve surface controller A may be one of many commercially available types or the type disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 3,035,808. The surface-controller A supplies control fluid pressure to the housing H through either control fluid conduit CF-1 or CF-2 which are run along side the flow conduits U and U-1 from the platform K to the Christmas tree X and downwardly within the casing C to the tubing retrievable housing H for communicating with expansible control fluid chambers in the housing H to effect longitudinal movement of a control member D (FIG. 10B).
In the tubing retrievable housing disclosed in U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,744,564 and 3,858,650 a movable landing ring (illustrated as LR in FIG. 10B) is disposed in the tubular housing that is radially constrictable when control fluid pressure is communicated through control fluid conduit CF-1 and CF-2 in a specified manner to provide a no-go stop or barrier positioning means for operably securing the subsurface safety valve V of the present invention in the housing H. The housing H also provides for the releasably securing of the safety valve V within the housing H at a predetermined desired location so that the safety valve V will be responsive to movement of the control member D that is reciprocally mounted with the housing H and movable in response to the application of increased control fluid pressure. Movement of the control member D by the application of increased control fluid pressure through either one of the control fluid conduits CF-1 and CF-2 will overcome a spring biasing on the control member D to move the control member D for operating the safety valve V open. Preferably, the control member D is normally biased to an upper position by a spring (not illustrated) mounted with the housing H and is moved to the lower position by the urging of control fluid pressure. To provide desired fail-safe operation, the subsurface safety valve of the present invention is arranged to be operated to the closed position when the control member D is in the upper position and to be pulled or operated to the open position by the downward movement of the control member D in response to the application of increased control fluid pressure.
Referring now to FIGS. 2A and 2B which illustrate the TFL valve in alphabetical sequence from top to bottom, the TFL valve will be described in detail. The flexing articulated TFL valve means V of the present invention may be considered as having three basic operating means. A frame means, generally designated F, carries a bore closure means, generally designated B, and an operator means, generally designated M, that is operably connected with the bore closure means B for effecting control operation of the bore closure means B.
The frame means F is preferably formed by a plurality of substantially tubular members connected for ease of assembly to form a substantially tubular unit or assembly that extends downwardly from the upper portion of the valve V to a location below the bore closure means B. In the disclosed preferred embodiment, an upper main frame sleeve 20 is secured to a tubular connecting member 22 by a suitable means such as threaded engagement at 24 to form a first or upper frame portion. The frame connecting ball member 22 is formed with an enlarged spherical head 22a on an outer surface 22b for forming the ball portion of a ball and socket type universal joint to enable the longitudinal axis of the tubular sleeves 20 and 22 to gimble or flex relative to the longitudinal axis of the remaining lower portion of the frame means F.
The safety valve V includes means for releasably securing in the housing H that are disclosed as provided by a plurality of latch dogs 26 and a frame latch sleeve 28 movably mounted in a latch sleeve 20. The four dogs 26 are preferably movably disposed in a plurality of four equi-circumferentially spaced windows 20a formed in the frame sleeve 20 and which are radially movable from a released or inner position (FIG. 8A) to a locking or extending position (FIG. 2A) where they are received in an annular recess HR formed in the bore of the housing H for blocking movement through the bore of the well tubing S. Each of the dogs 26 is provided with a central inner recess 26a having tapered upper and lower recess wedging surfaces or edges 26b and 26c, respectively, leading to dog latching or locking surfaces 26d and 26e, respectively, and which are provided with tapered outer wedging shoulders 26f and 26g, respectively. Outwardly projecting tapered side flanges (not illustrated) prevent each of the dogs 26 from moving out of the respective windows 20 a and serve as a movement limit stop for the outwardly extending dogs 26 in the locking position as is known.
The latch sleeve 28 is longitudinally movable relative to the frame sleeve 20 and is disposed within the frame sleeve 20. The latch sleeve 28 extends downwardly from an upwardly facing annular actuating shoulder 28a to a downwardly facing annular shoulder 28b adjacent the lower portion of the latch dogs 26. The tubular latch sleeve 28 includes an inner or bore defining surface 28c having an operating recess 28d formed therein. When the sleeve 28 is in the upper or latch dog release position recesses 28f and 28g formed in the outer surface 28e are positioned adjacent locking surfaces 26d and 26e, respectively, of the latch dogs 26 in order that the latch dogs 26 may move radially inwardly. Disposed between the recesses 28f and 28g is a locking surface 28h that is a companion locking surface to that formed by the outer surface 28e immediately above the recess 28f. When the latch sleeve 28 moves to the lower or latch dog locking position relative to the frame 20 (FIG. 2A) the tapered edges of the recesses 28f and 28g wedge or force the latch dogs 26 radially outwardly as the locking surfaces 28h and 28e move downwardly relative to the dogs 26 to be positioned adjacent the locking surfaces 26e and 26d, respectively, of the latch dogs 26 for latching the dogs 26 in the locking position.
The latch sleeve 28 is connected with the frame sleeve 20 by a suitable means to enable the desired reciprocating movement of the latch sleeve 28 relative to the frame sleeve 20 to effect movement between the released and latched or locking positions. The embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2A is a similar set screw and slot arrangement to that illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,744,564 and reference may be had to that patent for enabling disclosure. The latch sleeve 28 carries a radially expansible and contractable detent split ring 30 in a recess 28i formed on the outer surface 28e of the latch sleeve 28. When the latch sleeve 28 is in the upper position the detent 30 engages an upwardly facing tapered annular shoulder 20b to prevent inadvertent downward movement to the latching position and when the latching sleeve 28 moves to the lower or latching position the detent ring 30 is radially constricted until adjacent a latching recess 20c and into which the detent 30 expands to prevent inadvertent movement of the latching sleeve 28 from the latched position (FIG. 2A).
The second or lower portion of the frame means F includes a tubular frame sealing sleeve or member 32 and a ball valve connecting cage member 34. The frame sealing sleeve 32 forms an outer surface 32a having an outwardly projecting collar 32c forming a downwardly facing annular shoulder 32d. The annular shoulder 32d provides an upper limit stop for the sealing or packing means provided by annular packing 36. The packing rings 36 serve to seal the outer surface 32a of the sealing sleeve 32 with the tubing retrievable housing H to block flow of well fluids between the tubing retrievable housing H and the frame means F. The packing rings 36 are secured adjacent the downwardly facing shoulder 32d by snap rings 37 that are received in an annular recess 32e disposed immediately below the chevron packing rings 36.
The sealing sleeve 32 includes an inner surface 32f partially defining a flow passage or frame bore FB through the frame means F and which inner surface 32f continues downwardly to adjacent the bore closure means B where the sealing member 32 is provided with a downwardly facing annular arcuate sealing shoulder 32g for a purpose to be set forth hereinafter. When the packing 36 effects a flow blocking seal with the housing H, the flow of well fluids from the formation Q to the well head assembly X passes through the frame bore FB. Formed on the outer surface 32a a short distance above the downwardly facing sealing surface 32g is an annular recess 32h providing an upwardly facing annular shoulder 32i and a downwardly facing annular shoulder 32j.
The inner surface 32f if formed with an enlarged spherical portion 32k for receiving a portion of ball portion 22a of the member 22 to coact therewith for forming a portion of the socket of an angular pivoting connection. A ball keeper ring 33 is secured to the sleeve 32 by threaded engagement at 33a for engaging spherical means surface 33b with the upper portion of the ball enlargement 22a to secure the ball enlargement 22a in the socket 32k and complete the ball and socket connection. The keeper ring 33 is tapered at 33c to enable the desired universal angular motions. This articulated universal joint enables the flexing of the frame means F in moving through the bends in the well tubing such as loops L and L-1 while connecting or securing the sleeve 32 with the sleeve 20 and 22.
The cage 34 is connected with and extends downwardly from the sealing member 32 and may be best described as a longitudinally bisected or split tubular unit in a rather complex shape and having a substantial portion machined or otherwise removed to provide clearance for the longitudinal movement necessary to effect operation of the bore closure means B. As best illustrated in FIGS. 2A and 2B, the cage 34 is best described as formed by two identical mating portions of spaced parallel rings connected by a longitudinally extending fingers or ribs.
As the cage 34 is formed of identical halves, only one half will be described but it is to be understood that two halves are utilized in the present invention. The cage 34 is provided with an upper ring portion 34a forming an upwardly facing annular shoulder 34b and a downwardly facing annular shoulder 34c. As best illustrated in FIG. 2A, the ring portion 34a extends inwardly a greater distance than the longitudinally extending rib or finger portion 34d to enable the upper ring 34a to be received within the recess 32h of the frame sealing sleeve 32 in order that the lower annular surface 34c of the cage 34 will engage the shoulder 32i of the sealing frame 32 for connecting the cage 34 with the sealing sleeve 32. The rib 34d extends downwardly from the upper ring portion 34a to a lower ring portion 34e forming an upwardly facing annular shoulder 34f and a downwardly facing annular shoulder 34g. The outer portion of the lower ring 34e is notched or recessed to enable longitudinal operator movement relative to the cage 34 as will be set forth in greater detail hereinafter. The rib 34d mounts an inwardly projecting pivot pin 34j for a purpose to be set forth in greater detail hereinafter. In the sectional view of FIG. 4, the mating halves of the cage 34 is referenced with the identical alphabetical character but with the numerical reference character changed to 35, but the view illustrates the eccentric pins rather than the pins 34j (see FIG. 3).
The plug or bore closure means B is disposed within the cage 34 and preferably includes a rotatable ball member 40 having an opening 42 formed therethrough. As best illustrated in FIG. 4, the ball member 40 is formed with an outer spherical surface 40a and a pair of parallel chordal flats 40b and 40c as is well known in the art. Each of the circular chordal flats 40b and 40c are provided with a concentric recess 40d and 40e, respectively, for receiving the inwardly projecting pins 34j and 35j carried by the fingers 34d and 35d of the cage 34 for mounting the ball 60 with the frame means F. Each of the flats 40b and 40c have a second recess 40f and 40g, respectively, spaced from the concentric recess for rotating the ball 40. Alternately, diagonally extending slots on the flats 40b and 40c may be used. The outer spherical surface 40a of the ball engages the downwardly facing arcuate sealing shoulder 32g of the frame sealing sleeve 32 for effecting a continuous annular fluid seal between the ball member 40 and the frame sleeve 32.
The ball 40 is rotatable to and from a first or open position with the flow opening 42 aligned with the bore FB of the frame means F (FIG. 5A) to enable flow of fluid through the safety valve V and a closed position (FIG. 2B) with the opening 42 disposed substantially transverse and out of communication with the bore FB of the frame means F in order that the ball 40 will serve to block flow of fluid through the valve V. The opening 42 is preferably formed of substantially the same diameter as the diameter of the surface 32f defining the bore through the sleeve 32 in order to provide as large a flow opening through the safety valve V as possible. To further enhance this feature, the outer spherical surface 40a is formed of a diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the cage 34 and which is best illustrated in FIG. 4.
The bore closure means B further includes a ring follower 44 having an upwardly facing arcuate surface 44a engaging the lower portion of the spherical surface 40a of the ball 40 for urging the ball 40 upwardly into sealing engagement with the seat 32g. A biasing spring 46 is disposed between the lower follower seat 44 and the upwardly facing annular shoulder 34f provided by the lower ring portion of the cage 34 to maintain the ball 40 in sealing engagement with the seat 32g.
The operator means M effects opening and closing rotational operation of the ball 40 and extends downwardly from a location slightly above the ball 40 to the lower end of the TFL valve V. The operator means M, as will be considered in detail hereinafter, is also provided with the flexing or universal joint means between the upper and lower portions of the operator in order that the valve V may flex in a plurality of locations to enable the tool to pass through flowline loops L and L-1 curved on a five foot radius.
The operator means M includes a ball moving member 50 disposed adjacent to and movable relative to the cage member 40. As best illustrated in FIG. 14, the ball moving member 50 is a longitudinally bisected or split sleeve unit that extends downwardly from above the upper cage ring 34a with an outer surface 50a terminating in a lower threaded section 50b for securing with a lower securing ring 49 holding the split sleeve together. A securing ring 52' is also disposed above the cage 34 and is secured to the split member 50 by suitable means such as engagement with threads 50c to hold split ball moving member 50 together. Thus the securing members 49 and 52' serve to hold or secure the split member 50 as a unit for reciprocating movement relative to the cage 34 in the ball 40. As with the cage 34 the ball moving member 50 is formed of two substantially identical portions and as with the cage member 34 only half of the valve moving member 50 will be considered in detail and the numerical reference character 51 will be reserved for use with the identical alphabetical reference characters to designate identical portions of the mating part.
The ball moving member 50 is provided with a longitudinal slot 50d forming a downwardly facing upper stop limit shoulder 50e and upwardly facing lower annular shoulder 50f. The slot 50d receives therein the longitudinal extending finger 34d of the cage 34 to enable limited relative longitudinal movement between the cage 34 and the ball moving member 50. The length of the stroke or reciprocating movement enabled therebetween is best illustrated in FIG. 3 by observing the distance between the shoulders 34b and 50e which engage to block further relative downward movement of the operator means M. As is illustrated in FIG. 2B, the engagement of the downwardly facing annular shoulder 32j of the sleeve 32 with the upwardly facing shoulder 50x of the operator 50 limits upward movement of the ball moving sleeve 50 relative to the cage 34. The ball moving member 50 is also slotted at 50g and 50h to form portions of ball clearance windows which enable the rotational movement of the ball 40. Referring now to FIG. 15 the relative sizes of the slots 50d and 51d and the ball clearance windows becomes apparent. The slots 50d and 51d provide clearance for the ball cage fingers 34d and 35d and which are illustrated positioned in those slots in FIG. 4. The ball movement enabling windows is provided by the cooperating slots formed by the surfaces 50g and 51h on the lower portion of FIG. 15 and the slots 50h and 51g on the upper portion of FIG. 15. Thus, each portion of the ball moving member 50 forms a pair of longitudinally extending ribs or fingers 50i and 50j, respectively, that are located adjacent the ball 40. Referring now to FIG. 4 the relationship of the eccentric pins carried by the fingers 50i and 51j is illustrated. These two fingers, 50i and 51j carry eccentric pivot pins 50ii and 51jj that engage eccentric recesses 40f and 40g in the ball 40 for effecting rotational movement of the ball 40 to and from the open and closed positions upon longitudinal movement of the control member 50 relative to the ball 40 as is known.
The operator means further includes a tubular ball joint forming member 52 having an outer surface 52a providing an enlarged ball head or spherical portion 52b. An outwardly projecting collar 52c is received in annular recess 50y of the split ball moving member 50 for connecting the members 50 and 52 against relative longitudinal movement. An inner surface 52d defines the flow passage through the member 52.
The operator means also includes an operator coupling sleeve 54 having an inner surface 54a forming an enlarged spherical recess 54b for receiving the enlarged ball head 52b and partially forming a socket for a universal joint to provide the articulate or flexible joint for the operator means M.
A ball keeper ring 53 is secured with the sleeve 54 by threaded engagement at 53a for providing a downwardly forcing spherical locking surface 53b engaging the upper portion of the ball enlargement 52b for securing the ball 52b and the sleeve 54. The ring opening 53c is tapered to enable the desired range of angular movement.
Secured to the lower portion of the sleeve 54 is a keeper or securing ring 56 which threadedly engages the inner surface 54a of the sleeve 54 at 55. Locking ring 56 provides upwardly facing shoulder 56a which engages a downwardly facing annular shoulder 54c of the member 54 when the locking ring 56 is secured with the sleeve 54. The inner surface 54a of the sleeve 54 forms an annular recess 54d above an upwardly facing shoulder 56b of the locking ring 56. Disposed within the recess 54d in FIG. 2B is a radially contracted expansible split detent ring 58 for a purpose to be set forth hereinafter.
The operator means M includes an operator sleeve 60 which extends downwardly from adjacent the securing ring 56 to the lower end of the valve V. The operator latching sleeve 60 forms an upwardly facing annular shoulder 60a and above the detent 58 in FIG. 2B an outwardly extending collar 60b serves to maintain the detent 58 in the recess 54d when installing the valve V and which provides a downwardly facing annular shoulder 60c engagable with the shoulder 56b for connecting the operator sleeve 60 with the securing ring 56 when the safety valve V is moving to be installed in the housing H. The operator sleeve 60 is formed with an enlarged outer portion 60d forming an upwardly facing tapered annular stop shoulder 60e which engages the downwardly facing annular shoulder 56c of the locking ring 56 upon initial closing operation of the ball 40 which moves the detent 58 to the position illustrated in FIG. 2B.
The operator latch sleeve 60 has a plurality of rectangular windows equi-circumferentially spaced on the large diameter portion 60d. Each of the windows 60f receives a movable latch dog 62 similar to the latch dogs 26 movably disposed in the windows 20a of the frame sleeve 20. The alphabetical reference characters employed with the latch dogs 62 are identical to the alphabetical reference characters of the latch dogs 26 and reference is made to the earlier disclosure for describing the similar structure and operation of the latch dogs 62.
The operator latch sleeve 64 cooperated with the latch dogs 62 to accomplish the same result as the latch sleeve 28 effects with the dogs 26, but the operating positions of the latch sleeve 64 is reversed.
When the latch sleeve 64 is in the lower or released position (FIG. 5B) the dogs 62 are able to move radially inwardly, but when the latch sleeve moves to the upper position relative to the operator sleeve 60 (FIG. 5B) the latch dogs 62 are wedged radially outward to the locking position for securing the operator sleeve 60 with the control member D for effecting longitudinal reciprocating movement of the operator means M. As illustrated in FIG. 10B, the control member D is provided with an annular recess DR into which the dogs 62 may be expanded. The housing is provided with a similar recess HR for the dogs 26.
Referring now to FIG. 2B the operator sleeve 60 has secured thereto at its lower end a keeper ring 66 which is secured thereto by suitable means such as threaded engagement at 67. The keeper ring 66 provides an upwardly facing annular surface 66a that serves as a lower limit stop for the operator latch sleeve 64.
The operator latch sleeve 64 is provided with a downwardly facing annular shoulder 64a engaging the latch locking ring shoulder 66a for forming a lower limit stop for the operator latch sleeve 64. The latch sleeve 64 defines an outer locking surface 64b engageable with the lower locking surface 62e of the dogs 62 for holding the dog in the locking position when the sleeve 64 moves to the upper position. The locking surface 64b is provided with a recess 64c in which a radially contractable gapped latch sleeve detent 68 is located. The latch sleeve detent 68 is substantially similar in operation as the frame latch sleeve detent 30 to prevent inadvertent movement of the operator means latch sleeve 64. The detent 68 is carried with the latch sleeve 64 from a lower recess 60g of the operator sleeve 60 to a upper recess 60h when the latch sleeve 64 moves from the lower to the upper or locking position.
As best illustrated in FIG. 2B, the latch sleeve 64 in the upper locking position places the latch sleeve locking surfaces 64b and 64d adjacent the dog locking surfaces 62e and 62d, respectively, of the latch dogs 62 for holding or locking the latch dogs 62 radially outwardly within the recess DR. A recess 64e having upper tapered upper and lower shoulders 64f and 64g, respectively, receives the locking surface 62e when the latch sleeve 64 moves to the lower position (FIG. 5B) while upwardly facing tapered surface 64h cooperates with the corresponding tapered surface 62b of the latch dogs 62 to provide inward movement clearance for the locking surface 62d when the latch sleeve 64 is in the lower position.
An articulated installation or running tool for installing the safety valve V of the present invention in the housing H is illustrated in FIGS. 6A, 6B and 6C. The running tool generally designated RT is provided with a tool body having a pair of articulated ball joints located concentrically with the ball joints of the safety valve V as the valve V moves to the housing H to enable the running tool RT and the safety valve V to flex without interfering with the flexing of the other in moving around curves in the flowline. The valve V is illustrated in FIGS. 5A and 5B in the "stretched" condition (see position of detent 58) assumed when mounted on the running tool RT.
Referring now to FIG. 6A, an interface connector member 70 provides suitable means such as a threaded box connection 70a for interfacing the running tool RT with the TFL locomotive LT utilizing the ball and socket universal joint extension 69. The connector member 70 extends downwardly to form a skirt portion 70b terminating in the threads 70c which engage threads 72a of skirt extension tubular member 72. The tubular member 72 forms an inner surface 72b having an upwardly facing annular shoulder 72c disposed adjacent a smaller diameter inner surface portion 72d and a downwardly facing locking shoulder 72e. Disposed within the tubular housing 72 is a tubular latch dog mounting sleeve member 74 having an enlarged head disposed above the downwardly facing annular shoulder 72c to provide a downwardly facing shoulder 74a engaging the shoulder 72c to connect the member 74 with the retrieving tool members 70 and 72. A shear pin 76 is employed to prevent the shoulders 72c and 74a from moving out of engagement until it is desirable to releasably secure the safety valve V with the housing H. The member 74 is provided with a plurality of three equi-circumferentially spaced windows 74d receiving a corresponding plurality of three latch dogs 78 therein. Disposed within the tubular member 74 is a latch dog operator stem 80 having a collar 82 mounted thereon by shear pin 81. The Collar 82 engages an upwardly facing annular shoulder 84a formed by a tubular extension 84 of the tubular member 74 and which is secured to the tubular member 74 by threaded engagement at 84b. The latch dog operating stem 80 provides an upwardly facing annular surface 80a spaced a short distance from a downwardly facing surface 70d provided by the connecting member 70 inside the skirt 70b. A biasing spring 79 urges the stem 80 downwardly to ordinarily maintain the space between shoulder 72d and 80a. The latch dog stem 80 is provided with an annular locking collar surface 80b and with releasing recesses 80c and 80d formed above and below the locking surface 80b, respectively. Thus longitudinal movement of the latch dog operating stem relative to the tubular member 74 will place the recess 80c or 80d adjacent the latch dogs 78 and able their inward movement to release the latch dogs 78.
Located adjacent a lower end 74d of the member 74 is a ball forming member 86 that is secured to the tubular member 74 by threaded engagement at 87 while an enlarged ball or spherical head portion 86a is formed on the lower portion of the member 86. Surrounding the ball head portion 86a is a socket sleeve 88 and socket member 89 which are secured together by threaded engagement at 85. The socket sleeve 88 is provided with a downwardly facing arcuate shoulder 88a engaging the ball 86a and holding the ball 86a in contact with the upwardly facing spherical recess 89a formed by the socket 90. Above the engaging surface 88a of the socket sleeve 88 an inner surface 88b is tapered outwardly to enable angular misalignment of the longitudinal axis of the secured socket sleeve 88 and socket 89 with the longitudinal axis of the ball forming member 86 and the upper tubular latch dog carrying sleeve 74.
Secured to the lower end of the socket 89 is an extension member 90 extending downwardly to form a downwardly facing arcuate socket surface 90a. Disposed radially outwardly of the member 90 is a tubular intermediate latch dog carrying housing 92 having an upper guide ring 94 secured thereto by threaded engagement at 93. The guide ring 94 provides a downwardly facing annular shoulder surface 94a adapted to engage an upwardly facing annular shoulder 90b formed by the locking collar 90c of the member 90 for forming a lost motion connecting linkage therebetween. Sleeve 92 forms a plurality of three equi-circumferentially spaced windows 92a in which are disposed a plurality of latch dogs 96. The latch dogs 96 are movable between the outer or locking position of FIG. 6B and 8B and an inner or released position (FIG. 10A) when the locking collar 90c moves upward relative to the dogs 96 so the dogs may move inwardly into the recess 90d located adjacent the arcuate surface 90a. Secured to the sleeve 92 is a socket forming sleeve 98 that is similar in structure and function to the socket sleeve 88. The socket sleeve 98 is secured to the sleeve 92 by threaded engagement at 99 and forms an upwardly facing arcuate surface 98a which is cut away at 98b to provide clearance for the annular misalignment of the portions of the running tool RT.
Disposed above the shoulder 98a and below the arcuate surface 98 is a spherical or ball enlargement portion 100a of a connecting member 100. The connecting member 100 is in turn threadedly connected with extension 101 (FIG. 6C) at threads at 101a which is connected by threads at 101b with a lower connecting member 102 which is in turn connected with a nose member 104 by threaded engagement at 103. The connector member 101 is provided with an enlarged outer portion 101c and a lower recess portion 101d. Mounted outwardly of the connecting member 101 is a sleeve 106 having a plurality of three equally circumferentially spaced windows 106a formed thereon receiving a corresponding plurality of movable latch dogs 108. When the connecting member 101 is moved upwardly relative to the sleeve 106 the latch dogs 108 are enabled to move relatively inwardly for releasing the latch dogs 108 from engagement with the safety valve V by the recess 101d.
Mounted on the member 102 is a slidable latching collet sleeve 110 having a plurality of upwardly extending spring fingers 110a with each of the fingers 110a having an enlarged head or boss 110b. The collet sleeve is secured to the member 102 by a suitable shear means such as shear pin 112 for holding the bosses 110b adjacent an enlarged outer diameter portion 102b of the member 102. Disposed below the locking shoulder 102b is an annular recess 102c in which the bosses 110b are adapted to move when the shear pin 112 is sheared and the collet is free to fall downwardly to engage the nose 104. Located above the collet heads 110b is a plurality of outwardly projecting lugs 102d formed by the member 102. The lugs 102d forms a downwardly facing annular shoulder 102e and upwardly facing shoulder 102f for purposes to be described hereinafter.
The initial relationship of the running tool RT and the mounted safety valve V for installing the valve V in the well is illustrated in FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C. In viewing FIG. 8B it is immediately appearent that the upper ball 22a and socket 32 and 33 universal joint of the valve V and the upper ball 86a and socket joint 88 of the running tool RT are aligned and concentrically positioned as well as the lower valve V and running tool RT universal joints to eliminate any interference with the flexing of the valve V and running tool RT during installation operations.
During installation the running tool RT is connected to the TFL locomotive LT using flexing extension 69 for circulating down the flowline. Prior to the time of connecting the running tool RT with the TFL locomotive, if is necessary to operably position or mount the safety valve V on the running tool RT.
Referring now to FIG. 8A the running tool latch dog 78 is locked outwardly positioned in the latch sleeve operating recess 28d of the frame latch dog operating sleeve 28 and serves to enable reversing TFL movement of the valve V by reversing the TFL flow should the valve V become hung up in moving to the housing H. The latch dog 78 thus enables the tool to be backed away from an obstruction before making another attempt to move the safety valve V past that obstruction without prematurely effecting latching operations. The spacing of the latch dogs 78 and 96 prevent the dogs 78 from inadvertently moving the latch sleeve 28 downwardly.
The running tool latch dogs 96 are positioned between the downwardly facing annular shoulder 34g of the frame cage 34 and the upwardly facing annular shoulder 50f of the ball moving operator 50 for holding the ball 40 in the open position during running operations. The running tool latch dog 108 is positioned between the upwardly facing annular shoulder 60a of the operator sleeve 60 and the downwardly facing shoulder 54x of the sleeve 54. The dog 108 thus serves to maintain the operator means M in the extended position until the valve is initially operated closed which enables the operating stroke length adjustment detent ring 58 to move between the shoulders 56d and 60b.
The pulling tool, generally designate PT, of the present invention is illustrated in FIGS. 7A, 7B and 7C. The pulling tool body PT is provided at its upper end with a connecting member 120 having suitable box threads 120a for interfacing with the TFL locomotive. The connecting member 120 is provided with a downwardly facing spherical recess 120b for receiving an enlarged spherical or ball head 122a of the member 122. Secured to the connecting member 120 by threaded engagement 123 is a connector sleeve 124 providing an upwardly facing arcuate surface 124a engaging the lower portion of the spherical head 122a for securing the ball member 122 with the socket 123.
The ball member 122 is connected by threaded engagement at 125 with an enlarged head 126 forming a downwardly facing annular shoulder 126a. Extending downwardly from the member 126 and threadedly secured thereto by threaded engagement at 127 is a latch dog operating stem 128 and which mounts at its lower end 128a a ball forming member 130 which is secured thereto by threaded engagement at 129 with the ball forming member 130 having an enlarged spherical or ball head 130a. A socket member 132 forms an upwardly facing spherical recess 132a receiving the ball 130a for forming the ball and socket connection with a socket sleeve 134 disposed about the ball portion and that is threadedly secured to the socket 132 by threaded engagement at 133. The socket sleeve 134 provides a downwardly facing annular spherical surface 134a engaging the upper portion of the ball enlargement 130a for connecting the socket member 132 with the ball 130. The ball engaging surface 134 is cut away at 134b to enable the desired longitudinal universal misalignment.
Secured to a lower skirt portion 132b of the socket member 132 is a keeper ring 137 by a suitable means such as threaded engagement at 135. The keeper ring 137 provides an upwardly facing annular shoulder 137a within the skirt portion 132b and a downwardly facing annular shoulder 137b. Movably disposed within the keeper ring 137 is an extension rod 136 having an enlarged head 136a forming a downwardly facing annular shoulder 136b engaging the keeper ring shoulder 137a for connecting the socket member 132 and the extension rods 136 while enabling limited relative longitudinal movement. The extension rod 136 forms a threaded connector 136c for connecting with the universal joint socket 138. The universal joint socket 138 forms a downwardly facing spherical recess 138a (FIG. 7c) for receiving an enlarged spherical or ball head 40a formed by the ball member 140 and an upwardly facing annular shoulder 138b. Secured about the socket 138 is a socket sleeve 142 which is secured by threaded engagement at 143 to the socket 138 and which provides an upwardly facing spherical surface 142g engaging the lower portion of the ball enlargement 138a for securing the ball member 140 with the socket member 138. The locking surface 142a is recessed at 142b to enable the universal movement of the ball 138a in the socket 138. Connected to the lower end of the ball member 140 is the releasing nose member 144 having an enlarged head 144a for forming a downwardly facing unlocking shoulder 144b that is dimensioned to engage the upwardly facing shoulder 64i of the lower operator latch sleeve 64.
As illustrated in FIGS. 11 and 12, the nose 144a is dimensioned to pass through the opened secured safety valve V to engage the latch sleeve 64 by the shoulder 64i to move the operator latch sleeve 64 downwardly to the released position for releasing the latch dogs 62. In effecting this movement of the latch sleeve 64, the extension 136 is moved upwardly relative to the socket member 132 until the upper annular shoulder 138b of the socket 138 engages the shoulder 137b of the keeper 137. This lost motion linkage assures that the plurality of latch dogs 150 carried by the sleeve 152 exteriorly of the latch dog operating stem 120a will move into the frame latch sleeve operating recess 28d for effecting upward movement of the latch sleeve 28 to effect release of the dogs 26 as the retrieving tool PT moves upwardly from the safety valve V.
Disposed below the tubular member 152 (FIG. 7A) is a securing ring 154 which is secured to the latch dog operating stem 128 by shear pins 156a and 156b. The latch dog operating stem 128 is provided with a pair of spaced annular locking surfaces 128b and 128c that engage the latch dog locking surfaces 150a and 150b, respectively, to hold the latch dogs 150 in the radially expanded position. Formed in the latch dog operating stem 128 adjacent the latching surfaces 128b and 128c are a plurality of recesses for enabling inward movement of the latch dog 150 to the released position. The relative upper and lower recesses 128d and 128e receive the locking surfaces 150a and 150b, respectively, when the latch dog 150 encounters a restriction in moving to the safety valve V (FIG. 11). The biasing of spring 158 tends to urge the slidable sleeve 152 to the lower position in engagement with the keeper ring 154 except when an obstacle is encountered and at which time the latch dog 150 forces the sleeve 152 to move upwardly and enable the latch dogs 150 to move radially inwardly to pass the restriction. When the restriction is passed the spring 158 urges the sleeve 152 to move downwardly and force the latch dogs 150 outwardly. With this arrangement it is apparent that the latch dogs 150 will move radially inwardly when encountering the upwardly facing annular shoulder 28a of the upper latch sleeve and will expand radially outwardly to the locking position when aligned with the recess 28d.
With the latch dogs 150 positioned in the recess 28d and the nose 144b having moved the lower latch sleeve 64 to the lower position by engagement with the shoulder 64i TFL (FIG. 12) circulation may be reversed to flow the safety valve V from the housing H back to the surface. The initial upward movement will bring the latch dogs 150 into engagement with the upper portion of the latched recess 28d. When the latch dogs 150 move in this direction they are unable to move off the locking surfaces 128b and 128c for retrieving the valve V back to the surface by initially pulling the upper latch sleeve 28 to the upper position to release the latch dogs 26 and to enable movement of the safety valve V from the housing H (FIGS. 13A, 13B and 13C). If for any reason the tool is unable to move the upper latch sleeve 28 upwardly to effect release the shear pins 156a and 156b may be sheared by an upward jar and which will enable the locking surfaces 150a and 150 b to move into the recess 128e and 128f, respectively, of the latch dog operating stem 128 in order that the pulling tool PT will release the valve V for circulation back to the platform K. The latch dog operating stem 128 forms an upwardly facing annular shoulder 128g for retaining the securing ring 154 with the running tool and thereby eliminating the loss of the ring 154 in the well.
Operation of the Present Invention
The housing H and control fluid conduits CF-1 and CF-2 are installed when running the well tubing S and S-1 during well completion operations. After connecting the flowlines U and U-1 with the well head assembly loops L and L-1 it may become desirable to install the subsurface safety valve V of the present invention.
The valve V is assembled on the running tool RT in the manner illustrated in FIGS. 8A, 8B and 8C and the running tool RT connected with a TFL locomotive. The manifold means M are then employed to effect circulation through the flow conduit U and well head loop L into the production tubing S and outwardly from the production tubing S through the cross-over tool Z into the second tubing string S-1 and well head loop L-1 back through the flowline U-1 to the production platform K. Such flow enables the TFL carrier locomotive LT to move the running tool RT and the safety valve V through the flow conduit U into the well head loop L by flexing the tool at the universal ball and socket joints as the tool moves through the loop L and into the bore of the production tubing S where it passes downwardly into the well. It should be noted that the well tubing S and flow conduit U frequently have various bends and curves formed therein and these bends or curves may also form restrictions to the passing of the prior art surface-controlled valves which is overcome by the flexing of the safety valve V at the ball and socket connections. When the safety valve V moves into the housing H a downwardly facing positioning shoulder 60i formed by the outer surface 60d of the operator sleeve 60 will engage the radially constrictable positioning ring LR (FIG. 10B) mounted with the housing for blocking further movement of the safety valve V through the bore of the well tubing S. The positioning ring also serves to position the frame securing latch dogs 26 adjacent the annular securing recess HR formed in the bore of the housing H (FIG. 9) and for positioning the operator lower latch dogs 62 of the valve V adjacent the recess DR in the control member D that is reciprocately mounted with the housing H. With the shoulder 60i engaging the constricting ring LR to block further downward movement of the valve V and the running tool RT a sufficient downward force is supplied from the locomotive train LT through the connection 69 either by increased fluid pressure or a downward jar to effect shearing of the shear pin 76 (FIG. 9) for moving the members 72 and 70 downward relative to the tubular member 74. Upon shearing of the pin 76 the member 72 moves downwardly for engaging the upwardly facing shoulder 28a of the upper latch sleeve 28 with the downwardly facing shoulder 72e formed by the member 72. With the running tool latch dogs 78 positioned in the recess 28d the upper latch sleeve 28 is not able to move the entire distance to the latched position until the latch dogs 78 are released. This is accomplished by the downwardly facing shoulder 70d of the member 70 engaging the upwardly facing shoulder 80a of the dog releasing stem 80 substantially immediately after the shearing of the pin 76 and thereafter shearing the shear pin 81 to enable movement of the locking dog stem 80 downwardly relative to the latch dogs 78 by spring 79 to place the recess 80c adjacent the latch dogs 78 and enable the latch dogs 78 to move radially inwardly for freeing the latch sleeve 28 for movement to the lower position.
With the upper latch sleeve 28 in the lower locking position the frame latch dogs 26 are forced radially outwardly into the recess of the housing H for securing the safety valve V at the desired subsurface location. At this time the TFL circulation flow is reversed by the manifold means M for moving the running tool RT from the housing H back to the surface through the well tubing S and flow loop L and flow conduit U. The upward movement of the running tool RT brings the bosses 110b of the collet 110 into engagement with the downwardly facing annular shoulder 64a of the operator latching sleeve 64. With the bosses 110 in engagement with the annular shoulder 64a a sufficient upward force is applied by the running tool RT either by the use of jars or by increased fluid circulating pressure to effect upward movement of the operator latching sleeve 64 from the lower to the upper position and which movement forces the latch dogs 62 radially outwardly into the recess DR of the control member D as is illustrated in FIGS. 10A and 10B for securing the operator means M with the control frame D.
With the latch sleeve 64 in the upper position, the shear pin 112 when shears enabling the collet 110 to drop downwardly to position the bosses 110b adjacent the recess 102c in order that the bosses 110b may be flexed inwardly and enabling passage of the running tool upwardly past the annular shoulder 64a and out of the valve V.
The above described operation are necessary for understanding the securing of the safety valve V in the housing H but the operation of securing is complicated by necessity to also release the running tool latch dogs 96 and 108. The latch dogs 96 are released for freeing the ball 40 for longitudinal movement prior to the bosses 110b moving into engagement with the shoulder 64a for effecting securing movement of the lower operating sleeve 64. The dogs 108 are released after shearing the shear pin 112 which occurs after securing of the operator sleeve 60 with the control member D.
Upon completion of the latching of the upper sleeve 28, the latch dogs 78 of the running tool are received within the tubular member 74 and are no longer connected with the safety valve V (FIG. 9). The initial upward movement effected in reversing circulation to move the TFL locomotive away from the housing H will bring the shoulders 72c and 74a into engagement for moving the member 74a and which will thereafter pull the ball member 86 directly upwardly with the sleeve 74. The latch dog operating stem 90 is connected to and will move upwardly with the sleeve 74 until the upwardly facing annular shoulder 90b engages the downwardly facing shoulder 94a of the sleeve 92 mounting latch dogs 96. This relative movement enables the stem recess 90d to move adjacent the latch dogs 96 and enable the latch dogs 96 to move radially inwardly as they are initially wedged upwardly with the running tool RT (FIG. 10A).
When the member 90 commences to lift the sleeve 92 the ball member 100 commences to move upwardly relative to the latch dogs 108 and the sleeve 106 carrying the latch dogs 108. The latch dog 108 serves to hold the operator linkage in the extended position and the latch dogs 108 will prevent movement of the sleeve 106 until the recess 101d moves upwardly adjacent the latch dogs 108 at which time they are free to move inwardly and then enable the sleeve 106 to move upwardly with the latch dogs 108. The latch dogs 108 are released after the bosses 110b have engaged the shoulder 64a and moved the latch sleeve 64 to the upper position for effecting securing of the operator sleeve 60 with the control member D.
When it becomes desirable to retrieve the subsurface safety valve of the present invention from the housing, the retrieving tool PT is connected to the TFL locomotive in the normal manner and circulated down through the flow conduit U through the loop L of the well head assembly W and down the bore of the production tubing S to the housing H. The nose 144a of the retrieving tool will move through the bore of the operated open safety valve V until the shoulder 144b engages the upwardly facing shoulder 64i of the lower or operator latch sleeve 64 (FIG. 11). When the lost motion linkage slack is taken up by engagement of the shoulders 137b of the member 137 with the shoulder 138b of the member 138, the latch sleeve 64 will be moved to the lower position for enabling release of the lower latch dogs 62 from the recess DR of the control member D (FIG. 12).
The lost motion linkage provided by the members 137 and 138 of the retrieving tool DT insure that the latch dogs 150 will move into the latch operating recess 28d of the frame latch sleeve 28 and may in fact even more partially below the recess 28d during unlatching of the sleeve 64. Upon reversal of the pulling tool PT the latch dogs 150 will expand radially outwardly into the recess 28d of the frame latch sleeve 28 and be held in the outer position on locking surfaces 128b and 128c by the keeper 154 and shear pins 156 blocking downward movement of the sleeve 152 carrying the latch dogs 150. The latch dogs 150 will then pull the latch sleeve 28 upwardly relative to the frame sleeve 20 and enabling release of the latch dogs 26 (FIG. 13A). Upon the latch sleeve 28 moving to the upper position the continued upward movement of the pulling tool PT will wedge the latch dogs 26 inwardly in the windows 20a to release the subsurface safety valve V from the housing H and enable movement upwardly to the production tubing S and through the well head loop L into the bore of the flow conduit U back to the platform K.
The TFL operations then may be repeated to install a new subsurface safety valve V in the housing H as desired and which can be retrieved in the aforesaid manner. Such operations enable the installation and removal of the subsurface safety valve V from the housing H as desired without employing a work over the vessel to be positioned over the well head apparatus W.
The running tool RT as illustrated in FIGS. 8A, 8B, 8C, 9, 10A and 10B omits various flow passages in the tool for enabling a certain amount of fluid flow through the valve V and running tool RT to compensate for fluid leakage past the locomotive when installing the safety valve V and to enable operating movement of the running tool RT. The use of such venting or flow passing passages are well known to those skilled in the art, but have been omitted in the figures to simplify understanding of the present invention.
The foregoing disclosure and description of the invention are illustrative and explanatory thereof, and various changes in the size, shape and materials as well as in the details of the illustrated construction may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims
We claim:
1. An improved apparatus for effecting operation of a rotatable ball closure element of a through-the-bore movable subsurface safety valve for controlling flow of well fluids through the bore of a well tubing at a desired subsurface location, including: a tubular frame means movable through the bore of a tubing to and from a subsurface location in a well; means with said frame means for releasably securing said frame means with the well tubing at the desired subsurface location; a ball closure element having an outer spherical surface and a flow opening formed therethrough; annular seat means formed by said frame means having a central opening therethrough for sealingly engaging with said outer spherical surface of said ball closure element to block passage of fluid between said ball closure element and said seat means, said ball closure element rotatable on said seat means to and from an open position aligning said flow opening with a central opening of said annular seat means for enabling flow and a closed position with said flow opening out of communication with said central opening to block flow of fluid with said ball closure element; cage means partially surrounding said ball closure element and connected with said annular seat means for pivotally connecting with said ball closure element to hold said ball closure element adjacent said annular seat means during rotation of said ball closure element; and operator means partially surrounding said ball closure element for effecting rotation of said ball closure element, said operator means including: a longitudinally bisected operator sleeve having longitudinally extending slots formed in said operator sleeve on opposite sides of said ball to provide clearance for enabling controlled longitudinal movement of said longitudinally bisected operator sleeve relative to said cage means; a first securing ring mounted with said longitudinally bisected operator sleeve above said ball closure element to secure said first and second portions of said longitudinally bisected operator sleeve as a unit for simultaneous movement; a second securing ring mounted with said longitudinally bisected operator sleeve below said ball closure element to secure said first and second portions of said operator sleeve as a unit for simultaneous movement; means carried by said longitudinally bisected operator sleeve for engaging said ball closure element to rotate said ball closure element to and from the open and closed position when said operator sleeve moves longitudinally relatively to said cage means; means connected with said longitudinally bisected operator sleeve for effecting longitudinal operating movement of said bisected operator sleeve to rotate said ball closure element to and from the open and closed position, said means for effecting longitudinal operating movement including a first tubular operator portion and a second tubular operator portion having a universal joint connection therebetween to enable flexing of said first tubular portion relative to said second tubular portion for enabling flexing of said operator means during passage of said operator means through curves in the tubing.
2. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: said bisected operator sleeve is slotted on opposite sides of said ball closure element to form windows for enabling said ball closure element to rotate to and from the open and closed position; and said spherical sealing surface of said ball closure element having a diameter substantially equal to the diameter of the bore of the well tubing at the subsurface location.
3. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: said cage assembly is slotted to cooperate with the slots of said operator sleeve for enabling the controlled relative longitudinal movement between said cage assembly and said operator sleeve and to cooperate with said ball closure element for enabling the rotational movement of said ball closure element to and from the open and closed portions.
4. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, including: means with said second operator tubular portion for releasably securing said second operator tubular portion with a longitudinally movable control member mounted with the well tubing at the subsurface location.
5. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, including: packing means secured with said tubular frame means to block flow of fluids between said well tubing and said frame means and direct flow of fluids through the bore of said tubular frame means.
6. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein said frame means includes a first tubular frame portion and a second tubular frame portion having a universal joint therebetween to enable flexing of said first tubular frame portion relative to said second tubular frame portion during passage of said frame means through curves in the tubing.
7. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: said annular seat means is located above the ball closure element; and follower means movably mounted with said cage means for engaging said ball closure element to urge said ball closure means upwardly into sealing engagement with said annular seat means.
8. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: said first and second securing rings are mounted with said longitudinally bisected operator sleeve by threaded connections.
9. The apparatus as set forth in claim 1, wherein: said cage means is longitudinally bisected.
10. The apparatus as set forth in claim 9, wherein: said bisected cage means is formed of mating portions of spaced parallel rings connected by longitudinally extending fingers.
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