US 3,939,631 AGrant
Hay Roll Forming Machine
Issue Date:1976-02-24
•6 Claims
•3 Drawing Sheets
Abstract
A machine to form compact rolls of hay of substantial size by picking up a swath or windrow of hay and the like from a field, engage it by cooperating upper and lower endless flexible aprons driven in suitable directions to coil the hay into a compact roll while supported upon floor means mounted stationarily in the bottom of the machine to effect baling of all the hay without loss upon the ground. As the roll type bale of hay increases in diameter, the upper apron engages the upper portion thereof and applies constant unit pressure thereon to produce substantially uniform density throughout the roll regardless of diameter thereof. Tension spring means are used to produce the pressure applied to the roll by the upper apron to effect such constant unit pressure upon the roll.
Metadata
Assignee
- Sperry Rand Corporation
Inventor
- Allison W. Blanshine
Application Information
Application Number:US 4760204
Filing Date:1974-06-03
Priority Date:1974-06-03
Art Unit:333
Classifications
IPC:
A01D 3900
Field of Search:
56100341;1;16.488
Patent Drawings (3 sheets)
Description
Background of the Invention
For many years, it has been customary to harvest forage crops, such as various kinds of hay and leaf-type forage plants by mowing the same in a field, letting them lie for several days to dry, forming the cut and at least partially dryed crop into windrows, and passing a hay-baling machine over and along such windrows to form the crop into rectangular bales which are secured by passing one or more tying strands around the bale. The bales then are picked up by various means and are taken to a barn or similar building in which piles of such bales are stored until used. In recent years, it has been found that if hay and similar forage crops are formed into a large, compact roll by various types of machines, the cylindrical formation of the roll tends to provide self-shedding of rain and other inclement weather substances if the roll is left lying in a field or feed lot where cattle and other herbivorous animals may feed upon it, without requiring the roll to be taken to a storage shed.
Large rolls of forage crops of the type described frequently are of the order of 4 or 5 feet in diameter and 6 or 8 feet long. Rolls of this size may weigh as much as over a ton. If they are to be moved, following the formation thereof, special types of equipment must be used. The present invention is concerned with the formation of compact rolls of forage material, such as hay, and the details thereof are set forth hereinafter.
Forming compact, large rolls of hay has engaged the attention of various inventors heretofore. Several different principles have been utilized in the inventions thus produced. One type forms a roll or coil of hay and the like by initiating the formation of such roll by suitable mechanism and continue to roll a swath or windrow of the hay while supported upon the ground. Examples of such mechanisms are shown in prior U.S. Pat. No. 3,110,145, to Avery, dated Nov. 12, 1963. Another such machine comprises the subject matter of U.S. Pat. No. 3,650,100, to Swan, dated Mar. 21, 1972. One of the principle difficulties resulting from this method of forming rolls of hay is that a certain amount of the hay remains upon the field without being included in the roll of hay, such as the fines. Further, dirt, clods of earth, stones and the like also can be picked up by the roll and this is undesirable under certain circumstances.
A second principle method of forming rolls of the type referred to comprises a machine in which a swath or windrow of the crop is picked up from the field and directed onto a supporting conveyor or the like while the same is formed into a coil or roll of the forage crop and is out of contact with the ground, thus resulting in the formation of a cleaner type of roll or coil of hay, as well as the same including most if not all of the fines of the crop, thus minimizing waste. One example of a prior machine for forming a coil or roll of hay is illustrated in U.S. Pat. No. 3,665,690, to Wenger, dated May 30, 1972. The particular design of the of the machine shown in said patent offers a certain amount of friction between the roll and the supporting frame of the machine, which is undesirable, and another undesirable feature is that the coil of hay is formed upon a core member rather than being a free-form of roll which has no core or mandrel. The foregoing objectionable features are obviated in the design of machine comprising the present invention and a substantial number of improvements in the art of forming large sizes of compact rolls of hay and other forage crops are provided in said machine, details of which are described hereinafter.
An even more recent U.S. Pat. No. 3,722,197 to Vermeer, issued Mar. 27, 1973, discloses a machine to form crop material into coiled rolls by employing a lower belt conveyor comprising a series of belts of textile-type material spaced transversely apart between opposite sides of the machine. An upper set of belts which also are spaced apart between opposite sides of the machine are supported for arrangement between an initial contracted configuration and an expanded operative position, the belts in the expanded position extending around the upper portion of the roll of crop material, and hydraulic means exert predetermined, fixed pressure upon said belts at all times while expanding. Therefore, such pressure does not increase as the size of the roll increases, but remains constant, whereby as the circumference of the roll increases, the unit pressure, areawise, exerted upon the roll decreases and results in less density in the outer portions of the final roll of product and it is in regard to this feature in particular that the present invention is an improvement as described hereinafter. Also, the belts of both kinds of said patent structure stretch during use and require tightening from time to time. Further, the belts run in the same directions as that in which the roll rotates and thus do not provide as much frictional engagement with the roll as other means would afford to prevent slippage between the belts and the roll.
The present invention comprises a portion of an entire roll-forming machine of which various sections and parts were invented by various inventors, including the inventor who developed the instant portion of the entire machine, and comprising the subject matter of additional related applications covering such features and assigned to the assignee of the present invention. In order to provide a complete understanding of the entire machine, or at least the major portion in which the present invention is included, a description of a substantial portion of the entire machine is set forth hereinafter but in which the present invention is described in particular.
Summary of the Invention
It is the principle object of the present invention to provide a machine for forming a compact roll of hay or similar forage crop of substantial diameter and length by providing means to pick up a swath or windrow of such crop by suitable means and feed it to a space between a flexible, endless lower apron movable relative to a bottom panel or floor, fixedly supported in the lower portion of the machine, and the lower course of an upper flexible apron in a manner to initiate the formation of a coil of said forage crop and continue to coil the same by rearward movement of the upper course of the lower apron and forward movement of the lower course of the upper apron, the upper apron being supported by an upper frame upon which it is guided around a series of rotatable idlers in such manner that the upper course of the upper apron is contracted into a circuitously disposed condition, initially, at least partially within the space in the machine within which the roll of hay or other crop gradually expands in size, and the machine also very importantly includes pressure control means which causes the upper apron to exert a substantially constant unit pressure upon the upper portion of the roll of hay or crop being formed while the same increases in diameter and during which expansion of the roll, the lower course of the uppr apron extends and expands around the upper surface of the roll being formed, such expansion occuring against the action of take-up mechanism which is acted upon by said spring means in a manner to effect said uniform, constant unit pressure upon the roll.
It is another object of the invention to provide said pressure control means for the upper apron in the form of relatively powerful tension springs at least one of said springs being mounted at each side of the machine, and as said size of the roll expands and the upper apron is extended around the upper portion thereof, said springs are extended and increase the force exerted thereby progressively upon the extending apron.
It is still another object of the invention, ancillary to the foregoing object, to support said rotatable idlers upon oppositely extending arms which are similar at opposite sides of the machine and are supported for rotation upon a preferably fixed axis as the size of a roll of crop material expands in size to permit the upper apron to expand from its initially contracted condition and extend around the upper portion of said roll, such rotation of said arms being resisted by said aforementioned spring means.
It is a further object of the invention to connect one end of each of said aforementioned springs to brackets carried by said upper frame of the machine, and the opposite ends of said springs are connected to cables which extend around cam means which are connected to said above mentioned rotatable arms which, when rotated incident to expansion of said upper apron, cause said cam means to rotate in a direction to extend said springs and therefore increase the force exerted thereby upon said upper apron and, correspondingly, increasingly upon the increasing peripheral area of the roll of crop material but the size and strength of said springs being selected to provide substantially constant unit pressure, areawise, upon the roll and thus provide substantially uniform density throughout the roll.
Details of the foregoing objects and of the invention, as well as other objects thereof, are setforth in the following specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings comprising apart thereof.
Brief Description of the Drawings
FIG. 1 is a side elevation of a hay roll forming machine embodying the principles of the present invention and showing the various parts thereof in the position thereof for starting the formation of a hay roll, the upper apron being illustrated in compact or contracted position.
FIG. 2 is a view similar to FIG. 1 but showing the parts of the machine positioned substantially at the conclusion of forming a maximum size of hay roll.
FIG. 3 is a side elevation of the machine with the parts thereof illustrated in discharge position.
FIG. 4 is a fragmentary end view of a portion of the machine as seen on the line 4--4 of FIG. 3.
FIG. 5 is a fragmentary side elevation of the portion of the machine shown in FIG. 4.
FIG. 6 is a fragmentary side elevation showing, on a scale larger than in the preceding figures, portions of the drive mechanism and control means incorporated therewith.
FIG. 7 is a fragmentary front elevational view taken in the direction of arrows 7 on FIG. 6.
Detailed Description
Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the machine illustrated therein comprises a base frame 10 which has similar side arrangements of structural members fixedly connected together, such as by welding or the like. Each side of said frame comprises a bottom horizontal member 12. The forward end thereof is connected to a vertical member 14 of substantial height. Also, extending perpendicularly to the junction of members 12 and 14 is a cross member 16, the adjacent end of which is fixedly connected to the junction of members 12 and 14. A short frame member 18 extends upwardly from the rearward portion of bottom member 12 and the upper end thereof is connected to one end of an upwardly and forwardly extending angular brace member 20 which is connected at it's upper end to the upper end of vertical member 14. Extending forwardly from the front face of member 14 at each side of the machine is an A-frame consisting of angularly related members 22 and 24, the rearward ends of which are fixed to the front face of vertical member 14 and the forward ends thereof are connected together and also are attached to polygonal plates 26, said plates also being fixed to and covering the outer ends of a horizontal cross member 28. The various frame members thus far described, which comprise the base frame 10, may be formed from heavy structural tubing, channels, or any other appropriate structural form commonly employed in framing of the type described.
An auxiliary or upper frame 30 also is provided which consists of side frames composed of a straight frame member 52, the ends of which are connected to the opposite ends of an arcuate frame member 34. The uppermost portion of each side frame member is pivotally connected at 36 to a suitable bearing fixed to the upper end of vertical frame member 14 of the base frame, as clearly shown in FIGS. 1-3. A suitable cross frame member 38 also extends between the upper ends of angular brace members 20 of frame 10 and thereby stabilizes the connection of the upper frame 30 at opposite sides thereof by the pivotal connections 36 to the uppermost end of the base frame 10. The upper end of base frame 10 also if surther stablized transversely by means of another cross tube 40, or similar horizontal bracing member which extends between bearing brackets 42 which are connected to the front faces of the vertical frame members 14 such as by welding.
The lower rearward end of upper frame 30, as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2, also has a cross frame member 44 extending between the opposite side frame means compsoed of members 32 and 34.
Upper frame 30 is moved between it's lower, operative position such as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, and its extended, or discharge position, as shown in FIG. 3, by means of a pair of hydraulic cylinder and piston units 46, the opposite ends of which respectively are connected to the members 22 and 32 of base frame 10 and upper frame 30, intermediately of the ends thereof, as shown in FIGS. 1-3. Suitable hydraulic lines, of conventional type, not shown, are connected to opposite ends of the cylinder of each unit 46 and said units at opposite sides of the frame operate simultaneously under all circumstances.
As will be seen from FIGS. 1-3, the base frame 10 has a pair of conventional wheels 48 connected thereto at opposite sides of the frame, by any suitable axle means, not shown but of appropriate conventional type, in order that the hay roll forming machine comprising the present invention may be drawn by a tractor or other similar implement over a field for purposes of forming a roll of hay or similar forage material. Referring to FIG. 6, the forward end of the machine has an appropriate gear box 50 interconnected to suitable transverse supporting means, including the cross member 28 for example. The gear box is driven by a shaft 52 which is connectable to the driven end of a power take-off (p.t.o.) provided on and extending rearwardly from a suitable tractor unit or equivalent power mechanism. A power output shaft 54 extends from the gear box 50 to one side of the machine as viewed in FIGS. 1-3 and 6.
Extending forwardly from the front end of base frame 10 is a pick-up header unit 56 of a type adapted to engage, elevate and rearwardly feed a swath or windrow of forage material in at least semi-dried condition from lying in a field. A fragmentary illustration of the forward portion of the header 56 is shown in FIG. 7. It comprises a drum having a series of transversely spaced, circular slots 58 therein, through which a series of spring fingers, not shown, but of conventional agricultural nature, extend for purposes of picking up a swath or windrow 60 of at least semi-dried forage material, as shown in FIG. 6, for purposes of moving the same to the entrance end of the machine. Said spring fingers are driven by a shaft 62, in clockwise direction, by means to be described, for purposes of elevating and feeding the material between a pair of compressing rollers 64 and 66, for purposes of leveling and preferably somewhat spreading transversely the swath or windrow which passes there between.
The flattened and somewhat spread material then passes to the entrance end of the lower apron which extends around driven roller 68, which is supported upon a shaft extending between bearings 69 respectively mounted upon the members 24 at opposite sides of the base frame 10, as clearly shown in FIG. 6. The compressing rollers 64 and 66 also are supported upon two transverse shafts, the opposite ends of which respectively are supported in suitable bearings which also are mounted upon the members 24 of the base frame at opposite sides of the machine, as best shown in FIG. 6.
The lower apron propelling means preferably comprises a series of endless, flexible chains 70, link type, which are transversely spaced apart even distances and respectively extend around sprocket gears 72 which are mounted upon shafts 74 at the forward end of the bottom or floor 76 and circular guide surfaces at the rearward end thereof on transverse supporting tube 83. The floor is fixedly connected to the base frame 10 and is rendered rigid by a series of transversely extending bars 78, the opposite ends of which are suitably interconnected to the bottom horizontal members 12 of base frame 10 for example. The upper courses of the chains 70 preferably slide within suitable guide channels fixed to the upper surface of the bottom 76 and are sufficient to guide the chains accurately in spaced relationship.
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, it also will be seen that the alternate links of the chain 70 have what is termed aggressive lugs or blades 80 connected thereto. In view of the fact that the upper courses of the chains 70 move in the direction of the arrows shown in FIG. 1, it will be seen that the forward edge of the lugs or blades 80 extends substantially perpendicularly to the axis of the chain, and the upper edges of each lug or blade slopes rearward and downward. Such arrangement not only facilitates rotary movement of a roll of hay or the like in counterclockwise direction as viewed in FIGS. 1-3, but such engagement of the perpendicular forward edges of the lugs or blades 80 with the roll tends to dispose the stems and fibers of the forage material substantially circumferential, whereby there is a substantial tendency for the completed roll to shed rain and other inclement weather substances when lying in a field for example. Other details of the function of the lower apron and the discharge end of the bottom 76 are setforth hereinafter.
The upper frame 30 and certain guide rolls and sprockets which augment the same support the upper apron 82, which is shown in outline form in FIGS. 1-3. Said apron preferably comprises a pair of endless, flexible link-type chains 84, fragmentary examples of which are shown in FIGS. 4 and 15. At longitudinally spaced intervals of suitable dimension, such as of the order of 8 or 10 inches, a series of bars 86 extend between said chains for substantially the full width of the machine. Fragmentary examples of such bars are shown in FIG. 7. In cross section, the bars may be square or any other suitable geometric shape, such as cylindrical, for purposes of offering resistance to bending of the bars, especially when engaging the periphery of a roll of hay 88, an example of which is shown in exemplary manner in FIG. 2. The upper apron 82 is supported upon various guide rolls and sprockets, and the edges of guide bars, as follows.
Referring to FIGs. 4 and 5 in particular, it will be seen that, adjacent each side of upper frame 30, and spaced inwardly thereform, is an arcuate bar 90 which is appropriately connected to the arcuate frame member 34 at each side of the upper frame 30 by suitable brackets 92 and 94 respectively fixed to members 34 and bars 90, and bolted together as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. The opposite edges of the arcuate bars 90 are rounded to strengthen the same and also minimize wear. The outer edge 96 is convex, and the inner edge 98 thereof is concave. Referring to FIGS. 1-3, the arcuate bars 90 are not shown but it will be understood that the same conform generally to the shape of the arcuate frame members 34 and the upper course of the chains 84 of upper apron 82 slideably engages the convex edge 96 of each of the arcuate guide bars 90.
At each side of the upper frame 30, adjacent opposite ends thereof, suitable guide sprockets 100 and 102 respectively are supported by clevises which are connected to the opposite ends of the arcuate member 34 at each side of the frame. Affixed to ends of shaft 104, which is supported in bearing brackets 42 adjacent the upper end of vertical frame members 14, are pairs of oppositely extending arms 106 and 108. Said arms respectively comprise take-up and expansion means for the upper apron 32 and operate as a pivoted supplemental frame. The ends of said arms support rotatable guide sprockets 110 and 112 adjacent the opposite ends of the arms and the chains 84 of the upper apron 82 extend there-around in the manner in FIGS. 1-3. Lastly, a driving sprocket 114 is provided at each side of the main frame and connected to a driven shaft 116 that is supported in appropriate bearings fixed relative to the main frame 10. The chains 84 of the upper apron 82 also extend around said driving sprockets. The lower course of the upper apron 82 also slideably extends over the upper curved surface of movably mounted auxiliary guide members 118, details of which are best shown in FIGS. 1-3, and are described hereinafter.
The pick-up header unit 56 is pivotally supported at its rearward end upon a shaft 120 which is rotatably supported at its opposite ends in bearings 122 connected to frame members 24 at opposite sides of the machine. The forward end of the pick-up header unit 56 is yieldably restrained against downward movement by a pair of springs 124 respectively connected at one end to the cross member 28 of the frame of the machine and, at the other end, being connected to end plates on the header 56 at opposite ends thereof. if desired, auxiliary wheels, not shown, may be rotatably mounted at opposite ends of the header unit 56 for engagement with the ground.
Upper compression roll 64 is supported by a shaft 126, the opposite ends of which are rotatable in bearings formed in arms 128, best shown in FIG. 6, the rearward end of said arms being supported upon pivot shafts 130 mounted in bearing brackets 132 which are fixed to vertical frame members 14. The opposite ends of arms 128 respectively at the opposite sides of the machine have clevises 134 connected thereto and a rod 136 extends upward from each clevis and is surrounded by a compression spring 138 which extends between each clevis 134 and a bracket 140 which is connected to a side plate 142 on each side of the machine.
Drive Mechanism
As setforth above, power for the machine is derived from a p.t.o. of a tractor or the like, which is connected to shaft 52. Power output shaft 54 has a sprocket gear 144 connected to the outer end thereof as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7. Shaft 154 also extends beyond the outer end of sprocket gear 144 and has a large multiple sheave 146 fixed thereto. A sprocket chain 148 extends around sprocket gear 144 which comprises a driving sprocket. Chain 148, which is driven by sprocket gear 144 extends around idler sprocket gear 150 which is supported in a bearing on frame member 14. Chain 148 then extends around sprocket gear 152, another sprocket gear 154, and a further sprocket gear 156, from which the chain extends to the driving sprocket gear 144. Accordingly, all of the moving elements of the machine, with the exception of upper apron 82, are driven by the sprocket chain 148.
Another sprocket gear 158, of smaller diameter than sprocket gear 152, is fixed to one end of pivot shaft 130 for support thereby and a driven sprocket gear 160 is fixed to sahft 126 of the upper compression roller 64 to drive the same by means of a sprocket chain 162 which extends around the sprocket gears 158 and 160. The various vertical planes within which the paris of driving and driven sprocket gears are located are best illustrated in FIG. 7.
Sprocket gear 156 is a driving gear for the smaller sprocket gear 164 which is connected to shaft 120 and is in the same plane as the larger driven sprocket gear 166. Sprocket chain 168 extends around the gears 164 and 166 and thereby effecting rotation of shaft 62 which drives the pickup fingers of the header unit 56 which operate within the circular slots 58 thereof.
The power output shaft 54 also supplies the power for driving the upper apron 32. This is accomplished by the multiple sheave 146 which is connected to the outer end of shaft 54, as indicated above, and a driven multiple sheave 170. A series of V-belts 172 extend around the multiple sheaves 146 and 170 in a loose condition, whereby the same comprise part of what may be considered a clutch arrangement. Multiple belt-tightening sheaves 174 are supported rotatably on the outer end of arm 176 which is pivoted at 178 to a bracket plate 180. A tension spring 182 is mounted in a manner to normally elevate the tightening sheaves 174 to inoperative position.
The important purpose of the present invention is to stop the movement of upper apron 82 when the upper frame 30 is moved to the elevated, discharge position thereof shown in FIG. 3. When this occurs, however, the lower apron comprising the chains 70 continues to move in a direction to expel the completed roll 88 of hay or the like from the machine. Such contined movement of the lower apron is effected by driven sprocket 154 which is connected to the outer end of the shaft which supports the sprocket gears 72 for the chains 70.
Operation of such clutch mechanism is effected by the position of the tightening sheaves 174 with respect to the belts 172. Movement of the arm 176 in a direction to cause the sheaves 182 to tighten the belts 172 is effected by a cable 184, one end of which is fixed to eyelet 186 on the forward end of lever 176 and the opposite end of the cable is connected to a short arm 188 which projects outwardly from the frame member 32 of upper frame 30, as best shown in FIGS. 1 and 3. If desired, a spring 190 of predetermined tension strength is connected between said other end of cable 184 and the arm 188, as shown in FIG. 3.
By comparing FIGS. 1 and 3, it will be seen that in FIG. 1, the cable 184 is under tension by reason of the position of arm 188 on upper frame 30, whereby the tightening sheaves 174 are in tightening engagement with the belts 172 and thereby cause driving of the driven sheaves 170 by the driving sheaves 146, thus moving the upper apron 82 at a predetermined speed which, under preferred conditions, is slightly slower than the surface speed of the chains 70 of the lower apron. By way of example, it has been found that the difference of about 5 percent is highly useful, whereby there is a tendency for the slightly faster moving lower apron chains 70 to urge the roll toward the discharge end of the machine but the position of the rearward end of the upper frame 30 and apron 82 during the formation of the roll insures no possibility for the roll to discharge from the machine prematurely. As shown in FIG. 3, when the upper frame 30 is elevated to discharge position, the cable 184 goes slack and the spring 182 raises the tightening sheaves 174 to idle position, thus stopping the movement of the upper apron 82.
Upper Apron Expanding Mechanism
Reference is made to FIGS. 1 and 2 in which the starting and final positions of the upper apron 82 are illustrated to best advantage. When a roll of hay or the like is first initiated, the swath or windrow 60 of the material is delivered to the forward end of the lower apron comprising the chains 70. Referring to FIG. 1, it will be seen that the initial position of the lower course of the upper apron 82 extends over the auxiliary guide members 188 at opposite sides of the inner surfaces of the side plates 192 of the machine which extend between and are fixed to the vertical frame member 14, diagonal brace members 20, frame members 18 and horizontal bottom members 12, as well as between the angularly disposed frame members 22 and 24.
There also are additional side plates 194 which extend across the major portion of the space defined by the frame members 32 and 34 of upper frame 30. Such side plates 192 and 194 confine the opposite ends of the roll 88 of hay or the like while it is being formed. From FIG. 1, it will be seen that the initial part of the roll of hay or the like which is being formed, occurs in a wedge shaped space 196 which is narrower at the forward end than the rearward end and is defined at the top by the lower straight course of the upper apron 82 between sprockets 114 and auxiliary guide members 118, and the upper course of the lower apron comprising chains 70. The shape of this space greatly facilitates the commencement of the rolling of the material, especially the narrower entrance end of the space 196, such rolling of the material occuring by virtue of the opposite directions in which the lower course of upper apron 82 and the chains 70 move as illustrated by direction arrows shown in FIG. 1. When this occurs, the upper apron 82 is in an N-shaped, compactly contracted position. In this position, it will be seen that a substantial length of the apron which extends from sprockets 110, down and around sprockets 112 and up to sprockets 102 is disposed at least somewhat within the space ultimately occupied by the roll 88 of material which is confined by the circular configuration of the lower course of the upper apron 82, as illustrated in FIG. 2.
Movement of the upper apron 82 between the contracted, starting position shown in FIG. 1 and the expanded, final position shown in FIG. 2 is under direct influence of pressure control mechanism connected to the opposite ends of shaft 104 upon which ends the arms 106 and 108 are fixed, and this control mechanism comprises the principal feature of novelty of this particular invention which especially comprises an improvement over the structure comprising the subject matter of said aforementioned U.S. Pat. No. 3,722,197 to Vermeer in which constant force hydraulic means are employed to provide tension in the upper belts, whereby as the belts are extended around a roll of increasing size, the unit compressive force applied thereto progressively decreases and uniform density of the roll is not possible. Such control mechanism comprises a pair of similar cam plates 198 that respectively are fixed to the opposite ends of shaft 104 and extend radially therefrom. A cable 200 is connected at one end to a pin 202 on the cam plates 198. From there, the cable extends around a guide pulley 204 which is supported on a bracket arm 206 that is fixed to the upper end of vertical frame 14.
It will be understood that each of the members 14, at opposite sides of the machine, support a bracket arm 206 and guide pulley 204, as well as there being a cable 200 at each side of the machine. The other end of cable 200 is connected to one end of a very strong tension spring 208, the opposite end of said spring being anchored to a pin 210 on frame member 18 at each side of the machine. As the roll of crop material increases in diameter and the upper apron is caused to expand by such increase in diameter while the apron exerts compression forces upon such roll continuously during its increase in size, the springs 208 will be gradually extended and thus increase the tension force thereof. The size of the springs is selected so as to cause the lower course of upper apron 82 to exert substantially constant unit pressure, areawise, upon a coiled roll of hay or the like while it is increasing in size so that substantially uniform density is produced in said roll throughout the entire roll.
The foregoing constant unit pressure on the roll results from the fact that the lower course of upper apron 82 which is between sprockets 114 and guide members 118 will gradually be raised by the roll as its diameter increases, with the result that the lower course of said apron will be lifted from the auxiliary guide members 118. As described hereinafter, said auxiliary guide members will be retracted into accommodating spaces in the side plates of the machine so as not to interfere with the movement of the ends of the roll 88 of hay and the like which is being formed. Also, such upward movement of the lower course of the apron 88 will require an extension of the amount of such lower course which is in engagement with the upper surface of the roll 88 of material.
Such expansion in said lower course is provided by counter-clockwise rotation of the arms 106 and 108, as viewed in FIGS. 1 and 2 but said rotation is resisted by the springs 208 at opposite sides of the machine and this results in said springs extending said increasing force to a greater area of the upper apron which extends around an increasing circumferential area of the upper portion of the roll to provide substantially constant unit pressure upon said roll and the force thereof progressively increasing with the application being applied to the roll 88 to render it compact, but having substantially uniform density throughout.
Also, when the lower course of the upper apron 82 has reached its maximum expanded position, as illustrated in FIG. 2, the chains of said lower course will ride upon the concave edges of the arcuate guide bars 90 respectively fixed to the arcuate frame members 34 of upper frame 30, whereby said lower course of the upper apron will in no way interfere with the movement of the upper course of said apron, as can be clearly seen from FIG. 2 which is the position in which the upper and lower courses thereof will approach each other most closely.
Due to the tension continuously exerted by the springs 208 upon the arms 106 and 108 and especially upon the guide sprockets 110 and 112 respectively carried thereby, engagement of the chains of the upper apron 82 with the various guide sprockets for the same will be maintained at all times. Further, due to the fact that the chains at opposite sides of the upper apron 82 will mesh with the driving sprockets 114 respectively fixed to the opposite ends of shaft 116, there will be no tendency for variation occuring in the movement of the chains at opposite ends of the upper apron and thus the bars 86 of the upper apron will be maintained constantly parallel to the axes of the various shafts extending between opposite sides of the machine.
It also will be seen especially from FIGS. 1 and 2 that even though there is the possibility for the upper apron 82 to expand around a relatively large diameter of roll 88 of material, such as of the order of as much as 6 or 7 feet, it will be seen that at no time is the upper apron disposed in any outwardly extending position of great extent, whereby the disposition of said upper apron is substantially compact at all times.
Discharge Operations
When the roll 88 of hay or the like has reached either a desired or maximum diameter capable of being formed by the machine, the operator of the tractor actuates a valve, not shown, to introduce fluid by conventional means to one end of the cylinder units 46 and thus effect raising of the upper frame 30 from the position shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 to the discharge position shown in FIG. 3. As described above, such movement releases the tightening sheaves 174 from the belts 172 and thus disconnects driving power from the upper apron 82. However, rearward movement of the upper courses of the chains 70 comprising the lower apron continues from the driving imparted to shaft 74 by sprocket gear 154. On alternate successive links of the chains 70, lugs or blades, not shown, are provided to effect positive engagement between the chains 70 and the lower surface of the roll 88 of the material being formed into a roll. During such formation, the roll will be rotated in the direction of the arrow illustrated in exemplary manner in FIG. 3. The shape of the lugs or teeth are such as to provide positive, aggressive engagement with the roll 88. Not only is the function of the lugs to firmly and aggressively engage the lower surface of the roll 88 of material but the concentrated engagement of all of the lugs on all of the chains 70 with the lower surface of the roll 88 results in orientation of the stems and fibers of the agriculture forage crops being formed into the roll so that the same extend circumferentially throughout the roll and, when the roll is left in a field for feeding of stock or the like, such rolls have a substantial tendency to shed rain and other inclement weather substances in a highly satisfactory manner.
From the foregoing, it will be seen that the present invention provides a highly versatile machine for forming large sizes of compact rolls of agriculture forage material such as hay and other cimilar crops but the invention provides substantially uniform density throughout the roll. The rolls are formed while out of contact with the ground, thus minimizing waste of the material being harvested and also keeping the rolls in clean condition and relatively free from dirt, stones and other undesirable material which may occur in fields from which the crop is being harvested. All moving elements of the machine are power driven in a manner which achieves maximum efficiency. Further, driving of the upper apron is discontinued when the upper frame 30 is elevated, thus making the power required to drive it available to drive the lower apron when discharging a completed, heavy roll of material from the machine.
While the invention has been described and illustrated in its several preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the precise details herein illustrated and described since the same may be carried out in other ways falling within the scope of the invention as illustrated and described.
Claims
I claim:
1. A machine for forming a roll of crop material, comprising in combination: a. a mobile frame adapted to travel across a field; b. material delivery means supported by said frame; c. endless flexible means mounted upon said frame above said delivery means; d. said delivery means together with said endless flexible means defining a roll forming region therebetween spaced above the field and extending between opposite sides of said frame; e. means on said frame to drive at least a portion of said delivery means in a predetermined direction to deliver crop material from the field to said roll forming region and also drive said endless flexible means for movement in a direction opposite to that of said portion of said delivery means, said endless flexible means engaging a circumferential area of a roll of crop material when said roll is being formed within said roll-forming region; f. positioning means movably mounted by said frame and engaged with said endless flexible means; and g. spring means supported by said frame and interconnected to said positioning means for imposing a pulling force thereon which normally disposes the same in a first position which in turn disposes said endless flexible means in a contracted position, said spring means being capable of progressively yielding under the imposition of a progressively increasing reverse pulling force thereon, said spring means so yielding when such reverse force is imposed thereon by said endless flexible means through said positioning means as said flexible means expands from its contracted position and said positioning means moves away from its first position due to engagement of said endless flexible means with increasing circumferential areas of the roll as the diameter thereof increases during forming of the roll at said roll-forming region, said spring means in so yielding due to such increasing reverse pulling force being imposed thereon causing a substantially uniform pressure to be exerted upon said roll within said roll-forming region by said endless flexible means as increasing circumferential areas of said roll are engaged by said endless flexible means to thereby produce a roll of crop material having substantially uniform density throughout said roll.
2. The machine according to claim 1 wherein: said positioning means comprises arms pivotally supported by said frame and movable about an axis extending in transverse relationship to said frame and means on said arms spaced from said axis and engaged with said endless flexible means to position the same relative to said roll of material so as to exert pressure thereon; and said spring means is interconnected to said arms.
3. The machine according to claim 2, wherein: said arms are positioned respectively adjacent opposite sides of said frame; and said spring means also is mounted respectively adjacent each of said opposite sides of said frame and interconnected to said arms.
4. The machine according to claim 1, wherein said spring means comprises: one or more elongated springs; anchor means connected to said frame; and means connecting one end of said springs to said anchor means, the opposite end of said springs being interconnected to said positioning means.
5. The machine according to claim 4, wherein: said positioning means comprises arms positioned respectively adjacent opposite sides of said frame, said arms being pivotally supported by said frame and movable about an axis extending in transverse relationship to said frame, and means on said arms spaced from said axis and engaged with said endless flexible means to position the same relative to said roll of material; and said springs are tension springs of substantially equal strength respectively positioned at opposite sides of said frame and operable to exert substantially equal force upon said endless flexible means through said positoning means.
6. The machine according to claim 5, wherein said spring means further comprises flexible means interconnecting said tension springs to said arms.
Patent Citations (1)
| Patent | Date | Inventor | Cited By |
|---|---|---|---|
| US3815345 | 1974-06-01 | Mast et al. |