REMOTE USER INTERFACE

[0001] This application claims the benefit of priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/027,145, entitled “REMOTE USER INTERFACE,” filed Jul. 21, 2014; U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/027,764, entitled “REMOTE USER INTERFACE,” filed Jul. 22, 2014; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/129,798, entitled “REMOTE USER INTERFACE,” filed Mar. 7, 2015. The content of these applications is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety for all purposes.

[0002] This application relates to the following applications: International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040061, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application,” filed May 8, 2013; International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069483, entitled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships,” filed Nov. 11, 2013; and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/026,532, “Raise Gesture Detection in a Device,” filed Jul. 18, 2014. The content of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0003] The disclosed examples relate generally to user interfaces of electronic devices.

[0004] Consumers often own multiple electronic devices. Such electronic devices may be portable devices like cellular phones, tablet computers, laptops, digital audio players, and so forth. Such electronic devices may also be home electronics like audio-visual equipment, home security equipment, home automation equipment, appliances, and so forth. Such electronic devices may also be integrated with equipment not traditionally labeled as electronic devices.

[0005] For example, such electronic devices may include telematics equipment that is integrated with an automobile.

[0006] User interfaces for remotely controlling target electronic devices using a personal electronic device with a touch-sensitive display are disclosed. In some examples, at an electronic device with a touch-sensitive display, where the touch-sensitive display comprises one or more sensors to detect the intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive display, a plurality of icons representing applications, including an icon representing a remote control application, are displayed. A first contact on the touch-sensitive display at a location of the icon is received. The electronic device determines whether a target device out of a plurality of target devices is responsive to remote control. In response to the first contact and a determination of the target device being responsive to remote control, the electronic device displays a first plurality of remote controls for the target device. Further, while displaying the first plurality of remote controls, the electronic device receives a second contact on the touch-sensitive display, the second contact having a maximum intensity. In response to receiving the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is below a threshold intensity, the electronic device instructs the target device to perform an operation; and in response to receiving the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is above the threshold intensity, the electronic device displays a second plurality of remote controls for the first target device.

[0007] In some examples, the electronic device displays a user interface object on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device, where the displayed user interface object represents a remote control application. The electronic device receives data representing a contact on the displayed user interface object, and identifies a target electronic device that is responsive to remote control. In response to receiving the data representing the contact, the electronic device displays graphical user interface objects for controlling operations of the identified target electronic device.

[0008] In some examples, when none of the target electronic devices of the plurality of target electronic devices is responsive to remote control, the electronic device displays a plurality of graphical user interface objects representing the plurality of target electronic devices. Restated, in response to a determination that no target electronic device is responsive to remote control, the electronic device displays a plurality of graphical user interface objects that represent the plurality of target electronic devices.

[0009] In some examples, the electronic device receives first data representing a first contact at a location on the touch-sensitive display, the first contact having a maximum intensity below a predetermined threshold intensity, and the location is associated with an operation of a target electronic device. In response to the first contact (which is a relatively lighter touch), the device sends an instruction to the target electronic device instructing the target electronic device to perform an operation. The electronic device then additionally receives second data representing a second contact on the display, the second contact having a maximum intensity above the threshold intensity. In response to the second contact (which is a relatively harder touch), the electronic device displays a user interface for registering (e.g., pairing) a new target electronic device with the remote control application.

[0010] In some examples, an intermediate device relays instructions from the electronic device that is running the remote control application to the target electronic device that is being remotely controlled. That is, the electronic device sends data to an intermediate electronic device, where the data represents an instruction instructing the target electronic device to perform the operation, and an instruction is then communicated by the intermediate electronic device to the target electronic device.

[0011] In some examples, the target electronic device is responsive to remote control when the target electronic device is executing an application having an operation that can be requested using the remote control application.

[0012] In some examples, the electronic device obtains data representing a plurality of target devices, displays a user interface object representing a remote control application, and receives data representing a selection on the displayed user interface object. The electronic device determines whether the number of target devices exceeds a threshold, and in accordance with a determination that the number exceeds the threshold, the electronic device displays a plurality of graphical user interface objects representing categories of target devices, in response to receiving the data, and in accordance with a determination that the number does not exceed the threshold, the electronic device a plurality of graphical user interface objects representing the plurality of target devices, in response to receiving the data.

[0013] In some examples, the electronic device determines the location of a target device relative to the electronic device; and displays, on the touch-sensitive display, a user interface object representing the target device. The target device is nearby and the display position of the user interface object, on the touch-sensitive display, is based on the location of the target device relative to the electronic device in some examples.

[0014] In some examples, the electronic device displays a user interface object representing a remote control application on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device, receives first data representing a zoom function on the displayed user interface object; and in response to receiving the first data representing the zoom function, displays an affordance including indication of nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0015] In some examples, the electronic device receives data representing a first movement of a rotatable input device; and in response to receiving the data representing the first movement, displays only a subset of the plurality of graphical user interface objects, where the displayed subset of graphical user interface objects includes the icon representing the remote control application, and displays an affordance including indication of nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0016] In some examples, the electronic device identifies a target device that is responsive to remote control out of a plurality of target devices, detects a raise gesture based on detected motion of the electronic device; and, in response to detecting the raise gesture, instructs the target device to perform an operation.

[0057] The following description sets forth exemplary methods, parameters, and the like. It should be recognized, however, that such description is not intended as a limitation on the scope of the present disclosure but is instead provided as a description of exemplary embodiments.

[0058] As discussed above, consumers often own multiple electronic devices. It is desirable for a user to be able to remotely control these electronic devices. It is also desirable for the device (i.e., the “remote control”) that is used to remotely control these electronic devices to be portable and readily accessible. It is also desirable for the remote control to support remote control of various electronic devices while maintaining a physical form factor that promotes usability.

[0059] Below, FIGS. 1A-1B, 2, 3, 4A-4B, and 5A-5B provide a description of exemplary devices for performing the techniques for remote control of an electronic device. FIGS. 6-14 and 21A-22B illustrate exemplary user interfaces for performing examples of remote control described herein. The user interfaces in the figures are also used to illustrate the processes described below, including the processes in FIGS. 15A-18B and 24.

[0060] Although the following description uses terms “first,” “second,” etc. to describe various elements, these elements should not be limited by the terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. For example, a first touch could be termed a second touch, and, similarly, a second touch could be termed a first touch, without departing from the scope of the various described embodiments. The first touch and the second touch are both touches, but they are not the same touch.

[0061] The terminology used in the description of the various described embodiments herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. As used in the description of the various described embodiments and the appended claims, the singular forms “a”, “an,” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will also be understood that the term “and/or” as used herein refers to and encompasses any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms “includes,” “including,” “comprises,” and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

[0062] The term “if” is, optionally, construed to mean “when” or “upon” or “in response to determining” or “in response to detecting,” depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase “if it is determined” or “if [a stated condition or event] is detected” is, optionally, construed to mean “upon determining” or “in response to determining” or “upon detecting [the stated condition or event]” or “in response to detecting [the stated condition or event],” depending on the context.

[0063] Embodiments of electronic devices, user interfaces for such devices, and associated processes for using such devices are described. In some embodiments, the device is a portable communications device, such as a mobile telephone, that also contains other functions, such as PDA and/or music player functions. Exemplary embodiments of portable multifunction devices include, without limitation, the iPhone®, iPod Touch®, and iPad® devices from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif. Other portable electronic devices, such as laptops or tablet computers with touch-sensitive surfaces (e.g., touch screen displays and/or touchpads), are, optionally, used. It should also be understood that, in some embodiments, the device is not a portable communications device, but is a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch screen display and/or a touchpad).

[0064] In the discussion that follows, an electronic device that includes a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. It should be understood, however, that the electronic device optionally includes one or more other physical user-interface devices, such as a physical keyboard, a mouse, and/or a joystick.

[0065] The device typically supports a variety of applications, such as one or more of the following: a drawing application, a presentation application, a word processing application, a website creation application, a disk authoring application, a spreadsheet application, a gaming application, a telephone application, a video conferencing application, an e-mail application, an instant messaging application, a workout support application, a photo management application, a digital camera application, a digital video camera application, a web browsing application, a digital music player application, and/or a digital video player application.

[0066] The various applications that are executed on the device optionally use at least one common physical user-interface device, such as the touch-sensitive surface. One or more functions of the touch-sensitive surface as well as corresponding information displayed on the device are, optionally, adjusted and/or varied from one application to the next and/or within a respective application. In this way, a common physical architecture (such as the touch-sensitive surface) of the device optionally supports the variety of applications with user interfaces that are intuitive and transparent to the user.

[0067] Attention is now directed toward embodiments of portable devices with touch-sensitive displays. FIG. 1A is a block diagram illustrating portable multifunction device 100 with touch-sensitive display system 112 in accordance with some embodiments. Touch-sensitive display 112 is sometimes called a “touch screen” for convenience and is sometimes known as or called a “touch-sensitive display system.” Device 100 includes memory 102 (which optionally includes one or more computer-readable storage mediums), memory controller 122, one or more processing units (CPUs) 120, peripherals interface 118, RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, input/output (I/O) subsystem 106, other input control devices 116, and external port 124. Device 100 optionally includes one or more optical sensors 164. Device 100 optionally includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165 for detecting intensity of contacts on device 100 (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100). Device 100 optionally includes one or more tactile output generators 167 for generating tactile outputs on device 100 (e.g., generating tactile outputs on a touch-sensitive surface such as touch-sensitive display system 112 of device 100 or touchpad 355 of device 300). These components optionally communicate over one or more communication buses or signal lines 103.

[0068] As used in the specification and claims, the term “intensity” of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger contact) on the touch-sensitive surface, or to a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface. The intensity of a contact has a range of values that includes at least four distinct values and more typically includes hundreds of distinct values (e.g., at least 256). Intensity of a contact is, optionally, determined (or measured) using various approaches and various sensors or combinations of sensors. For example, one or more force sensors underneath or adjacent to the touch-sensitive surface are, optionally, used to measure force at various points on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, force measurements from multiple force sensors are combined (e.g., a weighted average) to determine an estimated force of a contact. Similarly, a pressure-sensitive tip of a stylus is, optionally, used to determine a pressure of the stylus on the touch-sensitive surface. Alternatively, the size of the contact area detected on the touch-sensitive surface and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touch-sensitive surface proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto are, optionally, used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface. In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). In some implementations, the substitute measurements for contact force or pressure are converted to an estimated force or pressure, and the estimated force or pressure is used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure). Using the intensity of a contact as an attribute of a user input allows for user access to additional device functionality that may otherwise not be accessible by the user on a reduced-size device with limited real estate for displaying affordances (e.g., on a touch-sensitive display) and/or receiving user input (e.g., via a touch-sensitive display, a touch-sensitive surface, or a physical/mechanical control such as a knob or a button).

[0069] As used in the specification and claims, the term “tactile output” refers to physical displacement of a device relative to a previous position of the device, physical displacement of a component (e.g., a touch-sensitive surface) of a device relative to another component (e.g., housing) of the device, or displacement of the component relative to a center of mass of the device that will be detected by a user with the user's sense of touch. For example, in situations where the device or the component of the device is in contact with a surface of a user that is sensitive to touch (e.g., a finger, palm, or other part of a user's hand), the tactile output generated by the physical displacement will be interpreted by the user as a tactile sensation corresponding to a perceived change in physical characteristics of the device or the component of the device. For example, movement of a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touch-sensitive display or trackpad) is, optionally, interpreted by the user as a “down click” or “up click” of a physical actuator button. In some cases, a user will feel a tactile sensation such as an “down click” or “up click” even when there is no movement of a physical actuator button associated with the touch-sensitive surface that is physically pressed (e.g., displaced) by the user's movements. As another example, movement of the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, interpreted or sensed by the user as “roughness” of the touch-sensitive surface, even when there is no change in smoothness of the touch-sensitive surface. While such interpretations of touch by a user will be subject to the individualized sensory perceptions of the user, there are many sensory perceptions of touch that are common to a large majority of users. Thus, when a tactile output is described as corresponding to a particular sensory perception of a user (e.g., an “up click,” a “down click,” “roughness”), unless otherwise stated, the generated tactile output corresponds to physical displacement of the device or a component thereof that will generate the described sensory perception for a typical (or average) user.

[0070] It should be appreciated that device 100 is only one example of a portable multifunction device, and that device 100 optionally has more or fewer components than shown, optionally combines two or more components, or optionally has a different configuration or arrangement of the components. The various components shown in FIG. 1A are implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of both hardware and software, including one or more signal processing and/or application-specific integrated circuits.

[0071] Memory 102 optionally includes one or more computer-readable storage mediums. The computer-readable storage mediums are optionally tangible and non-transitory. The computer-readable storage mediums are optionally transitory. Memory 102 optionally includes high-speed random access memory and optionally also includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid-state memory devices. Memory controller 122 optionally controls access to memory 102 by other components of device 100.

[0072] Peripherals interface 118 can be used to couple input and output peripherals of the device to CPU 120 and memory 102. The one or more processors 120 run or execute various software programs and/or sets of instructions stored in memory 102 to perform various functions for device 100 and to process data. In some embodiments, peripherals interface 118, CPU 120, and memory controller 122 are, optionally, implemented on a single chip, such as chip 104. In some other embodiments, they are, optionally, implemented on separate chips.

[0073] RF (radio frequency) circuitry 108 receives and sends RF signals, also called electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 converts electrical signals to/from electromagnetic signals and communicates with communications networks and other communications devices via the electromagnetic signals. RF circuitry 108 optionally includes well-known circuitry for performing these functions, including but not limited to an antenna system, an RF transceiver, one or more amplifiers, a tuner, one or more oscillators, a digital signal processor, a CODEC chipset, a subscriber identity module (SIM) card, memory, and so forth. RF circuitry 108 optionally communicates with networks, such as the Internet, also referred to as the World Wide Web (WWW), an intranet and/or a wireless network, such as a cellular telephone network, a wireless local area network (LAN) and/or a metropolitan area network (MAN), and other devices by wireless communication. The RF circuitry 108 optionally includes well-known circuitry for detecting near field communication (NFC) fields, such as by a short-range communication radio. The wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols, and technologies, including but not limited to Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM), Enhanced Data GSM Environment (EDGE), high-speed downlink packet access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink packet access (HSUPA), Evolution, Data-Only (EV-DO), HSPA, HSPA+, Dual-Cell HSPA (DC-HSPDA), long term evolution (LTE), near field communication (NFC), wideband code division multiple access (W-CDMA), code division multiple access (CDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA), Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy (BTLE), Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) (e.g., IEEE 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, IEEE 802.11n, and/or IEEE 802.11ac), voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP), Wi-MAX, a protocol for e-mail (e.g., Internet message access protocol (IMAP) and/or post office protocol (POP)), instant messaging (e.g., extensible messaging and presence protocol (XMPP), Session Initiation Protocol for Instant Messaging and Presence Leveraging Extensions (SIMPLE), Instant Messaging and Presence Service (IMPS)), and/or Short Message Service (SMS), or any other suitable communication protocol, including communication protocols not yet developed as of the filing date of this document.

[0074] Audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, and microphone 113 provide an audio interface between a user and device 100. Audio circuitry 110 receives audio data from peripherals interface 118, converts the audio data to an electrical signal, and transmits the electrical signal to speaker 111. Speaker 111 converts the electrical signal to human-audible sound waves. Audio circuitry 110 also receives electrical signals converted by microphone 113 from sound waves. Audio circuitry 110 converts the electrical signal to audio data and transmits the audio data to peripherals interface 118 for processing. Audio data is, optionally retrieved from and/or transmitted to memory 102 and/or RF circuitry 108 by peripherals interface 118. In some embodiments, audio circuitry 110 also includes a headset jack (e.g., 212, FIG. 2). The headset jack provides an interface between audio circuitry 110 and removable audio input/output peripherals, such as output-only headphones or a headset with both output (e.g., a headphone for one or both ears) and input (e.g., a microphone).

[0075] I/O subsystem 106 couples input/output peripherals on device 100, such as touch screen 112 and other input control devices 116, to peripherals interface 118. I/O subsystem 106 optionally includes display controller 156, optical sensor controller 158, intensity sensor controller 159, haptic feedback controller 161, and one or more input controllers 160 for other input or control devices. The one or more input controllers 160 receive/send electrical signals from/to other input control devices 116. The other input control devices 116 optionally include physical buttons (e.g., push buttons, rocker buttons, etc.), dials, slider switches, joysticks, click wheels, and so forth. In some alternate embodiments, input controller(s) 160 are, optionally, coupled to any (or none) of the following: a keyboard, an infrared port, a USB port, and a pointer device such as a mouse. The one or more buttons (e.g., 208, FIG. 2) optionally include an up/down button for volume control of speaker 111 and/or microphone 113. The one or more buttons optionally include a push button (e.g., 206, FIG. 2).

[0076] A quick press of the push button optionally disengages a lock of touch screen 112 or optionally begins a process that uses gestures on the touch screen to unlock the device, as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/322,549, “Unlocking a Device by Performing Gestures on an Unlock Image,” filed Dec. 23, 2005, U.S. Pat. No. 7,657,849, which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. A longer press of the push button (e.g., 206) optionally turns power to device 100 on or off. The functionality of one or more of the buttons are, optionally, user-customizable. Touch screen 112 is used to implement virtual or soft buttons and one or more soft keyboards.

[0077] Touch-sensitive display 112 provides an input interface and an output interface between the device and a user. Display controller 156 receives and/or sends electrical signals from/to touch screen 112. Touch screen 112 displays visual output to the user. The visual output optionally includes graphics, text, icons, video, and any combination thereof (collectively termed “graphics”). In some embodiments, some or all of the visual output optionally corresponds to user-interface objects.

[0078] Touch screen 112 has a touch-sensitive surface, sensor, or set of sensors that accepts input from the user based on haptic and/or tactile contact. Touch screen 112 and display controller 156 (along with any associated modules and/or sets of instructions in memory 102) detect contact (and any movement or breaking of the contact) on touch screen 112 and convert the detected contact into interaction with user-interface objects (e.g., one or more soft keys, icons, web pages, or images) that are displayed on touch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, a point of contact between touch screen 112 and the user corresponds to a finger of the user.

[0079] Touch screen 112 optionally uses LCD (liquid crystal display) technology, LPD (light emitting polymer display) technology, or LED (light emitting diode) technology, although other display technologies are used in other embodiments. Touch screen 112 and display controller 156 optionally detect contact and any movement or breaking thereof using any of a plurality of touch sensing technologies now known or later developed, including but not limited to capacitive, resistive, infrared, and surface acoustic wave technologies, as well as other proximity sensor arrays or other elements for determining one or more points of contact with touch screen 112. In an exemplary embodiment, projected mutual capacitance sensing technology is used, such as that found in the iPhone® and iPod Touch® from Apple Inc. of Cupertino, Calif.

[0080] A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 112 is, optionally, analogous to the multi-touch sensitive touchpads described in the following U.S. Pat. No. 6,323,846 (Westerman et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 6,570,557 (Westerman et al.), and/or U.S. Pat. No. 6,677,932 (Westerman), and/or U.S. Patent Publication 2002/0015024A1, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. However, touch screen 112 displays visual output from device 100, whereas touch-sensitive touchpads do not provide visual output.

[0081] A touch-sensitive display in some embodiments of touch screen 112 is described in the following applications: (1) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/381,313, “Multipoint Touch Surface Controller,” filed May 2, 2006; (2) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/840,862, “Multipoint Touchscreen,” filed May 6, 2004; (3) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 10/903,964, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jul. 30, 2004; (4) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/048,264, “Gestures For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 31, 2005; (5) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/038,590, “Mode-Based Graphical User Interfaces For Touch Sensitive Input Devices,” filed Jan. 18, 2005; (6) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,758, “Virtual Input Device Placement On A Touch Screen User Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (7) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,700, “Operation Of A Computer With A Touch Screen Interface,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; (8) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/228,737, “Activating Virtual Keys Of A Touch-Screen Virtual Keyboard,” filed Sep. 16, 2005; and (9) U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/367,749, “Multi-Functional Hand-Held Device,” filed Mar. 3, 2006. All of these applications are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.

[0082] Touch screen 112 optionally has a video resolution in excess of 100 dpi. In some embodiments, the touch screen has a video resolution of approximately 160 dpi. The user optionally makes contact with touch screen 112 using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some embodiments, the user interface is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based input due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touch screen. In some embodiments, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user.

[0083] In some embodiments, in addition to the touch screen, device 100 optionally includes a touchpad (not shown) for activating or deactivating particular functions. In some embodiments, the touchpad is a touch-sensitive area of the device that, unlike the touch screen, does not display visual output. The touchpad is, optionally, a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from touch screen 112 or an extension of the touch-sensitive surface formed by the touch screen.

[0084] Device 100 also includes power system 162 for powering the various components. Power system 162 optionally includes a power management system, one or more power sources (e.g., battery, alternating current (AC)), a recharging system, a power failure detection circuit, a power converter or inverter, a power status indicator (e.g., a light-emitting diode (LED)) and any other components associated with the generation, management and distribution of power in portable devices.

[0085] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more optical sensors 164. FIG. 1A shows an optical sensor coupled to optical sensor controller 158 in I/O subsystem 106. Optical sensor 164 optionally includes charge-coupled device (CCD) or complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistors. Optical sensor 164 receives light from the environment, projected through one or more lenses, and converts the light to data representing an image. In conjunction with imaging module 143 (also called a camera module), optical sensor 164 optionally captures still images or video. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touch screen display 112 on the front of the device so that the touch screen display is enabled for use as a viewfinder for still and/or video image acquisition. In some embodiments, an optical sensor is located on the front of the device so that the user's image is, optionally, obtained for video conferencing while the user views the other video conference participants on the touch screen display. In some embodiments, the position of optical sensor 164 can be changed by the user (e.g., by rotating the lens and the sensor in the device housing) so that a single optical sensor 164 is used along with the touch screen display for both video conferencing and still and/or video image acquisition.

[0086] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165. FIG. 1A shows a contact intensity sensor coupled to intensity sensor controller 159 in I/O subsystem 106. Contact intensity sensor 165 optionally includes one or more piezoresistive strain gauges, capacitive force sensors, electric force sensors, piezoelectric force sensors, optical force sensors, capacitive touch-sensitive surfaces, or other intensity sensors (e.g., sensors used to measure the force (or pressure) of a contact on a touch-sensitive surface). Contact intensity sensor 165 receives contact intensity information (e.g., pressure information or a proxy for pressure information) from the environment. In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112). In some embodiments, at least one contact intensity sensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touch screen display 112, which is located on the front of device 100.

[0087] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more proximity sensors 166. FIG. 1A shows proximity sensor 166 coupled to peripherals interface 118. Alternately, proximity sensor 166 is, optionally, coupled to input controller 160 in I/O subsystem 106. Proximity sensor 166 optionally performs as described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/241,839, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/240,788, “Proximity Detector In Handheld Device”; Ser. No. 11/620,702, “Using Ambient Light Sensor To Augment Proximity Sensor Output”; Ser. No. 11/586,862, “Automated Response To And Sensing Of User Activity In Portable Devices”; and Ser. No. 11/638,251, “Methods And Systems For Automatic Configuration Of Peripherals,” which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety. In some embodiments, the proximity sensor turns off and disables touch screen 112 when the multifunction device is placed near the user's ear (e.g., when the user is making a phone call).

[0088] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more tactile output generators 167. FIG. 1A shows a tactile output generator coupled to haptic feedback controller 161 in I/O subsystem 106. Tactile output generator 167 optionally includes one or more electroacoustic devices such as speakers or other audio components and/or electromechanical devices that convert energy into linear motion such as a motor, solenoid, electroactive polymer, piezoelectric actuator, electrostatic actuator, or other tactile output generating component (e.g., a component that converts electrical signals into tactile outputs on the device). Contact intensity sensor 165 receives tactile feedback generation instructions from haptic feedback module 133 and generates tactile outputs on device 100 that are capable of being sensed by a user of device 100. In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator is collocated with, or proximate to, a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112) and, optionally, generates a tactile output by moving the touch-sensitive surface vertically (e.g., in/out of a surface of device 100) or laterally (e.g., back and forth in the same plane as a surface of device 100). In some embodiments, at least one tactile output generator sensor is located on the back of device 100, opposite touch screen display 112, which is located on the front of device 100.

[0089] Device 100 optionally also includes one or more accelerometers 168. FIG. 1A shows accelerometer 168 coupled to peripherals interface 118. Alternately, accelerometer 168 is, optionally, coupled to an input controller 160 in I/O subsystem 106. Accelerometer 168 optionally performs as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 20050190059, “Acceleration-based Theft Detection System for Portable Electronic Devices,” and U.S. Patent Publication No. 20060017692, “Methods And Apparatuses For Operating A Portable Device Based On An Accelerometer,” both of which are incorporated by reference herein in their entirety. In some embodiments, information is displayed on the touch screen display in a portrait view or a landscape view based on an analysis of data received from the one or more accelerometers. Device 100 optionally includes, in addition to accelerometer(s) 168, a magnetometer (not shown) and a GPS (or GLONASS or other global navigation system) receiver (not shown) for obtaining information concerning the location and orientation (e.g., portrait or landscape) of device 100.

[0090] In some embodiments, the software components stored in memory 102 include operating system 126, communication module (or set of instructions) 128, contact/motion module (or set of instructions) 130, graphics module (or set of instructions) 132, text input module (or set of instructions) 134, Global Positioning System (GPS) module (or set of instructions) 135, and applications (or sets of instructions) 136. Furthermore, in some embodiments, memory 102 (FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3) stores device/global internal state 157, as shown in FIGS. 1A and 3. Device/global internal state 157 includes one or more of: active application state, indicating which applications, if any, are currently active; display state, indicating what applications, views or other information occupy various regions of touch screen display 112; sensor state, including information obtained from the device's various sensors and input control devices 116; and location information concerning the device's location and/or attitude.

[0091] Operating system 126 (e.g., Darwin, RTXC, LINUX, UNIX, OS X, iOS, WINDOWS, or an embedded operating system such as VxWorks) includes various software components and/or drivers for controlling and managing general system tasks (e.g., memory management, storage device control, power management, etc.) and facilitates communication between various hardware and software components.

[0092] Communication module 128 facilitates communication with other devices over one or more external ports 124 and also includes various software components for handling data received by RF circuitry 108 and/or external port 124. External port 124 (e.g., Universal Serial Bus (USB), FIREWIRE, etc.) is adapted for coupling directly to other devices or indirectly over a network (e.g., the Internet, wireless LAN, etc.). In some embodiments, the external port is a multi-pin (e.g., 30-pin) connector that is the same as, or similar to and/or compatible with, the 30-pin connector used on iPod® (trademark of Apple Inc.) devices.

[0093] Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects contact with touch screen 112 (in conjunction with display controller 156) and other touch-sensitive devices (e.g., a touchpad or physical click wheel). Contact/motion module 130 includes various software components for performing various operations related to detection of contact, such as determining if contact has occurred (e.g., detecting a finger-down event), determining an intensity of the contact (e.g., the force or pressure of the contact or a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact), determining if there is movement of the contact and tracking the movement across the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., detecting one or more finger-dragging events), and determining if the contact has ceased (e.g., detecting a finger-up event or a break in contact). Contact/motion module 130 receives contact data from the touch-sensitive surface. Determining movement of the point of contact, which is represented by a series of contact data, optionally includes determining speed (magnitude), velocity (magnitude and direction), and/or an acceleration (a change in magnitude and/or direction) of the point of contact. These operations are, optionally, applied to single contacts (e.g., one finger contacts) or to multiple simultaneous contacts (e.g., “multitouch”/multiple finger contacts). In some embodiments, contact/motion module 130 and display controller 156 detect contact on a touchpad.

[0094] In some embodiments, contact/motion module 130 uses a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user (e.g., to determine whether a user has “clicked” on an icon). In some embodiments, at least a subset of the intensity thresholds are determined in accordance with software parameters (e.g., the intensity thresholds are not determined by the activation thresholds of particular physical actuators and can be adjusted without changing the physical hardware of device 100). For example, a mouse “click” threshold of a trackpad or touch screen display can be set to any of a large range of predefined threshold values without changing the trackpad or touch screen display hardware. Additionally, in some implementations, a user of the device is provided with software settings for adjusting one or more of the set of intensity thresholds (e.g., by adjusting individual intensity thresholds and/or by adjusting a plurality of intensity thresholds at once with a system-level click “intensity” parameter).

[0095] Contact/motion module 130 optionally detects a gesture input by a user. Different gestures on the touch-sensitive surface have different contact patterns (e.g., different motions, timings, and/or intensities of detected contacts). Thus, a gesture is, optionally, detected by detecting a particular contact pattern. For example, detecting a finger tap gesture includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event at the same position (or substantially the same position) as the finger-down event (e.g., at the position of an icon). As another example, detecting a finger swipe gesture on the touch-sensitive surface includes detecting a finger-down event followed by detecting one or more finger-dragging events, and subsequently followed by detecting a finger-up (liftoff) event.

[0096] Graphics module 132 includes various known software components for rendering and displaying graphics on touch screen 112 or other display, including components for changing the visual impact (e.g., brightness, transparency, saturation, contrast, or other visual property) of graphics that are displayed. As used herein, the term “graphics” includes any object that can be displayed to a user, including, without limitation, text, web pages, icons (such as user-interface objects including soft keys), digital images, videos, animations, and the like.

[0097] In some embodiments, graphics module 132 stores data representing graphics to be used. Each graphic is, optionally, assigned a corresponding code. Graphics module 132 receives, from applications etc., one or more codes specifying graphics to be displayed along with, if necessary, coordinate data and other graphic property data, and then generates screen image data to output to display controller 156.

[0098] Haptic feedback module 133 includes various software components for generating instructions used by tactile output generator(s) 167 to produce tactile outputs at one or more locations on device 100 in response to user interactions with device 100.

[0099] Text input module 134, which is, optionally, a component of graphics module 132, provides soft keyboards for entering text in various applications (e.g., contacts 137, e-mail 140, IM 141, browser 147, and any other application that needs text input).

[0100] GPS module 135 determines the location of the device and provides this information for use in various applications (e.g., to telephone 138 for use in location-based dialing; to camera 143 as picture/video metadata; and to applications that provide location-based services such as weather widgets, local yellow page widgets, and map/navigation widgets).

[0101] Applications 136 optionally include the following modules (or sets of instructions), or a subset or superset thereof:

• • [0102] Contacts module 137 (sometimes called an address book or contact list);
  • [0103] Telephone module 138;
  • [0104] Video conference module 139;
  • [0105] E-mail client module 140;
  • [0106] Instant messaging (IM) module 141;
  • [0107] Workout support module 142;
  • [0108] Camera module 143 for still and/or video images;
  • [0109] Image management module 144;
  • [0110] Video player module;
  • [0111] Music player module;
  • [0112] Browser module 147;
  • [0113] Calendar module 148;
  • [0114] Widget modules 149, which optionally include one or more of: weather widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget 149-3, alarm clock widget 149-4, dictionary widget 149-5, and other widgets obtained by the user, as well as user-created widgets 149-6;
  • [0115] Widget creator module 150 for making user-created widgets 149-6;
  • [0116] Search module 151;
  • [0117] Video and music player module 152, which merges video player module and music player module;
  • [0118] Notes module 153;
  • [0119] Map module 154; and/or
  • [0120] Online video module 155.

[0121] Examples of other applications 136 that are, optionally, stored in memory 102 include other word processing applications, other image editing applications, drawing applications, presentation applications, JAVA-enabled applications, encryption, digital rights management, voice recognition, and voice replication.

[0122] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, contacts module 137 are, optionally, used to manage an address book or contact list (e.g., stored in application internal state 192 of contacts module 137 in memory 102 or memory 370), including: adding name(s) to the address book; deleting name(s) from the address book; associating telephone number(s), e-mail address(es), physical address(es) or other information with a name; associating an image with a name; categorizing and sorting names; providing telephone numbers or e-mail addresses to initiate and/or facilitate communications by telephone 138, video conference module 139, e-mail 140, or IM 141; and so forth.

[0123] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, telephone module 138 are optionally, used to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to a telephone number, access one or more telephone numbers in contacts module 137, modify a telephone number that has been entered, dial a respective telephone number, conduct a conversation, and disconnect or hang up when the conversation is completed. As noted above, the wireless communication optionally uses any of a plurality of communications standards, protocols, and technologies.

[0124] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, microphone 113, touch screen 112, display controller 156, optical sensor 164, optical sensor controller 158, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, contacts module 137, and telephone module 138, video conference module 139 includes executable instructions to initiate, conduct, and terminate a video conference between a user and one or more other participants in accordance with user instructions.

[0125] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, e-mail client module 140 includes executable instructions to create, send, receive, and manage e-mail in response to user instructions. In conjunction with image management module 144, e-mail client module 140 makes it very easy to create and send e-mails with still or video images taken with camera module 143.

[0126] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, the instant messaging module 141 includes executable instructions to enter a sequence of characters corresponding to an instant message, to modify previously entered characters, to transmit a respective instant message (for example, using a Short Message Service (SMS) or Multimedia Message Service (MMS) protocol for telephony-based instant messages or using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS for Internet-based instant messages), to receive instant messages, and to view received instant messages. In some embodiments, transmitted and/or received instant messages may include graphics, photos, audio files, video files and/or other attachments as are supported in an MMS and/or an Enhanced Messaging Service (EMS). As used herein, “instant messaging” refers to both telephony-based messages (e.g., messages sent using SMS or MMS) and Internet-based messages (e.g., messages sent using XMPP, SIMPLE, or IMPS).

[0127] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, GPS module 135, map module 154, and music player module, workout support module 142 includes executable instructions to create workouts (e.g., with time, distance, and/or calorie burning goals); communicate with workout sensors (sports devices); receive workout sensor data; calibrate sensors used to monitor a workout; select and play music for a workout; and display, store, and transmit workout data.

[0128] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, optical sensor(s) 164, optical sensor controller 158, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and image management module 144, camera module 143 includes executable instructions to capture still images or video (including a video stream) and store them into memory 102, modify characteristics of a still image or video, or delete a still image or video from memory 102.

[0129] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and camera module 143, image management module 144 includes executable instructions to arrange, modify (e.g., edit), or otherwise manipulate, label, delete, present (e.g., in a digital slide show or album), and store still and/or video images.

[0130] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, browser module 147 includes executable instructions to browse the Internet in accordance with user instructions, including searching, linking to, receiving, and displaying web pages or portions thereof, as well as attachments and other files linked to web pages.

[0131] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, e-mail client module 140, and browser module 147, calendar module 148 includes executable instructions to create, display, modify, and store calendars and data associated with calendars (e.g., calendar entries, to-do lists, etc.) in accordance with user instructions.

[0132] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and browser module 147, widget modules 149 are mini-applications that are, optionally, downloaded and used by a user (e.g., weather widget 149-1, stocks widget 149-2, calculator widget 149-3, alarm clock widget 149-4, and dictionary widget 149-5) or created by the user (e.g., user-created widget 149-6). In some embodiments, a widget includes an HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) file, a CSS (Cascading Style Sheets) file, and a JavaScript file. In some embodiments, a widget includes an XML (Extensible Markup Language) file and a JavaScript file (e.g., Yahoo! Widgets).

[0133] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, and browser module 147, the widget creator module 150 is, optionally, used by a user to create widgets (e.g., turning a user-specified portion of a web page into a widget).

[0134] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, search module 151 includes executable instructions to search for text, music, sound, image, video, and/or other files in memory 102 that match one or more search criteria (e.g., one or more user-specified search terms) in accordance with user instructions.

[0135] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, RF circuitry 108, and browser module 147, video and music player module 152 includes executable instructions that allow the user to download and play back recorded music and other sound files stored in one or more file formats, such as MP3 or AAC files, and executable instructions to display, present, or otherwise play back videos (e.g., on touch screen 112 or on an external, connected display via external port 124). In some embodiments, device 100 optionally includes the functionality of an MP3 player, such as an iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.).

[0136] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, and text input module 134, notes module 153 includes executable instructions to create and manage notes, to-do lists, and the like in accordance with user instructions.

[0137] In conjunction with RF circuitry 108, touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, text input module 134, GPS module 135, and browser module 147, map module 154 are, optionally, used to receive, display, modify, and store maps and data associated with maps (e.g., driving directions, data on stores and other points of interest at or near a particular location, and other location-based data) in accordance with user instructions.

[0138] In conjunction with touch screen 112, display controller 156, contact/motion module 130, graphics module 132, audio circuitry 110, speaker 111, RF circuitry 108, text input module 134, e-mail client module 140, and browser module 147, online video module 155 includes instructions that allow the user to access, browse, receive (e.g., by streaming and/or download), play back (e.g., on the touch screen or on an external, connected display via external port 124), send an e-mail with a link to a particular online video, and otherwise manage online videos in one or more file formats, such as H.264. In some embodiments, instant messaging module 141, rather than e-mail client module 140, is used to send a link to a particular online video. Additional description of the online video application can be found in U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/936,562, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Jun. 20, 2007, and U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/968,067, “Portable Multifunction Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Playing Online Videos,” filed Dec. 31, 2007, the contents of which are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0139] Each of the above-identified modules and applications corresponds to a set of executable instructions for performing one or more functions described above and the methods described in this application (e.g., the computer-implemented methods and other information processing methods described herein). These modules (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. For example, video player module is, optionally, combined with music player module into a single module (e.g., video and music player module 152, FIG. 1A). In some embodiments, memory 102 optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory 102 optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above.

[0140] In some embodiments, device 100 is a device where operation of a predefined set of functions on the device is performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad. By using a touch screen and/or a touchpad as the primary input control device for operation of device 100, the number of physical input control devices (such as push buttons, dials, and the like) on device 100 is, optionally, reduced.

[0141] The predefined set of functions that are performed exclusively through a touch screen and/or a touchpad optionally include navigation between user interfaces. In some embodiments, the touchpad, when touched by the user, navigates device 100 to a main, home, or root menu from any user interface that is displayed on device 100. In such embodiments, a “menu button” is implemented using a touchpad. In some other embodiments, the menu button is a physical push button or other physical input control device instead of a touchpad.

[0142] FIG. 1B is a block diagram illustrating exemplary components for event handling in accordance with some embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 102 (FIG. 1A) or 370 (FIG. 3) includes event sorter 170 (e.g., in operating system 126) and a respective application 136-1 (e.g., any of the aforementioned applications 137-151, 155, 380-390).

[0143] Event sorter 170 receives event information and determines the application 136-1 and application view 191 of application 136-1 to which to deliver the event information. Event sorter 170 includes event monitor 171 and event dispatcher module 174. In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes application internal state 192, which indicates the current application view(s) displayed on touch-sensitive display 112 when the application is active or executing. In some embodiments, device/global internal state 157 is used by event sorter 170 to determine which application(s) is (are) currently active, and application internal state 192 is used by event sorter 170 to determine application views 191 to which to deliver event information.

[0144] In some embodiments, application internal state 192 includes additional information, such as one or more of: resume information to be used when application 136-1 resumes execution, user interface state information that indicates information being displayed or that is ready for display by application 136-1, a state queue for enabling the user to go back to a prior state or view of application 136-1, and a redo/undo queue of previous actions taken by the user.

[0145] Event monitor 171 receives event information from peripherals interface 118. Event information includes information about a sub-event (e.g., a user touch on touch-sensitive display 112, as part of a multi-touch gesture). Peripherals interface 118 transmits information it receives from I/O subsystem 106 or a sensor, such as proximity sensor 166, accelerometer(s) 168, and/or microphone 113 (through audio circuitry 110). Information that peripherals interface 118 receives from I/O subsystem 106 includes information from touch-sensitive display 112 or a touch-sensitive surface.

[0146] In some embodiments, event monitor 171 sends requests to the peripherals interface 118 at predetermined intervals. In response, peripherals interface 118 transmits event information. In other embodiments, peripherals interface 118 transmits event information only when there is a significant event (e.g., receiving an input above a predetermined noise threshold and/or for more than a predetermined duration).

[0147] In some embodiments, event sorter 170 also includes a hit view determination module 172 and/or an active event recognizer determination module 173.

[0148] Hit view determination module 172 provides software procedures for determining where a sub-event has taken place within one or more views when touch-sensitive display 112 displays more than one view. Views are made up of controls and other elements that a user can see on the display.

[0149] Another aspect of the user interface associated with an application is a set of views, sometimes herein called application views or user interface windows, in which information is displayed and touch-based gestures occur. The application views (of a respective application) in which a touch is detected optionally correspond to programmatic levels within a programmatic or view hierarchy of the application. For example, the lowest level view in which a touch is detected is, optionally, called the hit view, and the set of events that are recognized as proper inputs are, optionally, determined based, at least in part, on the hit view of the initial touch that begins a touch-based gesture.

[0150] Hit view determination module 172 receives information related to sub-events of a touch-based gesture. When an application has multiple views organized in a hierarchy, hit view determination module 172 identifies a hit view as the lowest view in the hierarchy which should handle the sub-event. In most circumstances, the hit view is the lowest level view in which an initiating sub-event occurs (e.g., the first sub-event in the sequence of sub-events that form an event or potential event). Once the hit view is identified by the hit view determination module 172, the hit view typically receives all sub-events related to the same touch or input source for which it was identified as the hit view.

[0151] Active event recognizer determination module 173 determines which view or views within a view hierarchy should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In some embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 173 determines that only the hit view should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, active event recognizer determination module 173 determines that all views that include the physical location of a sub-event are actively involved views, and therefore determines that all actively involved views should receive a particular sequence of sub-events. In other embodiments, even if touch sub-events were entirely confined to the area associated with one particular view, views higher in the hierarchy would still remain as actively involved views.

[0152] Event dispatcher module 174 dispatches the event information to an event recognizer (e.g., event recognizer 180). In embodiments including active event recognizer determination module 173, event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to an event recognizer determined by active event recognizer determination module 173. In some embodiments, event dispatcher module 174 stores in an event queue the event information, which is retrieved by a respective event receiver 182.

[0153] In some embodiments, operating system 126 includes event sorter 170. Alternatively, application 136-1 includes event sorter 170. In yet other embodiments, event sorter 170 is a stand-alone module, or a part of another module stored in memory 102, such as contact/motion module 130.

[0154] In some embodiments, application 136-1 includes a plurality of event handlers 190 and one or more application views 191, each of which includes instructions for handling touch events that occur within a respective view of the application's user interface. Each application view 191 of the application 136-1 includes one or more event recognizers 180. Typically, a respective application view 191 includes a plurality of event recognizers 180. In other embodiments, one or more of event recognizers 180 are part of a separate module, such as a user interface kit (not shown) or a higher level object from which application 136-1 inherits methods and other properties. In some embodiments, a respective event handler 190 includes one or more of: data updater 176, object updater 177, GUI updater 178, and/or event data 179 received from event sorter 170. Event handler 190 optionally utilizes or calls data updater 176, object updater 177, or GUI updater 178 to update the application internal state 192. Alternatively, one or more of the application views 191 include one or more respective event handlers 190. Also, in some embodiments, one or more of data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178 are included in a respective application view 191.

[0155] A respective event recognizer 180 receives event information (e.g., event data 179) from event sorter 170 and identifies an event from the event information. Event recognizer 180 includes event receiver 182 and event comparator 184. In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 also includes at least a subset of: metadata 183, and event delivery instructions 188 (which optionally include sub-event delivery instructions).

[0156] Event receiver 182 receives event information from event sorter 170. The event information includes information about a sub-event, for example, a touch or a touch movement. Depending on the sub-event, the event information also includes additional information, such as location of the sub-event. When the sub-event concerns motion of a touch, the event information optionally also includes speed and direction of the sub-event. In some embodiments, events include rotation of the device from one orientation to another (e.g., from a portrait orientation to a landscape orientation, or vice versa), and the event information includes corresponding information about the current orientation (also called device attitude) of the device.

[0157] Event comparator 184 compares the event information to predefined event or sub-event definitions and, based on the comparison, determines an event or sub-event, or determines or updates the state of an event or sub-event. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 includes event definitions 186. Event definitions 186 contain definitions of events (e.g., predefined sequences of sub-events), for example, event 1 (187-1), event 2 (187-2), and others. In some embodiments, sub-events in an event (187) include, for example, touch begin, touch end, touch movement, touch cancellation, and multiple touching. In one example, the definition for event 1 (187-1) is a double tap on a displayed object. The double tap, for example, comprises a first touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a first liftoff (touch end) for a predetermined phase, a second touch (touch begin) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, and a second liftoff (touch end) for a predetermined phase. In another example, the definition for event 2 (187-2) is a dragging on a displayed object. The dragging, for example, comprises a touch (or contact) on the displayed object for a predetermined phase, a movement of the touch across touch-sensitive display 112, and liftoff of the touch (touch end). In some embodiments, the event also includes information for one or more associated event handlers 190.

[0158] In some embodiments, event definition 187 includes a definition of an event for a respective user-interface object. In some embodiments, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which user-interface object is associated with a sub-event. For example, in an application view in which three user-interface objects are displayed on touch-sensitive display 112, when a touch is detected on touch-sensitive display 112, event comparator 184 performs a hit test to determine which of the three user-interface objects is associated with the touch (sub-event). If each displayed object is associated with a respective event handler 190, the event comparator uses the result of the hit test to determine which event handler 190 should be activated. For example, event comparator 184 selects an event handler associated with the sub-event and the object triggering the hit test.

[0159] In some embodiments, the definition for a respective event (187) also includes delayed actions that delay delivery of the event information until after it has been determined whether the sequence of sub-events does or does not correspond to the event recognizer's event type.

[0160] When a respective event recognizer 180 determines that the series of sub-events do not match any of the events in event definitions 186, the respective event recognizer 180 enters an event impossible, event failed, or event ended state, after which it disregards subsequent sub-events of the touch-based gesture. In this situation, other event recognizers, if any, that remain active for the hit view continue to track and process sub-events of an ongoing touch-based gesture.

[0161] In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 includes metadata 183 with configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how the event delivery system should perform sub-event delivery to actively involved event recognizers. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate how event recognizers interact, or are enabled to interact, with one another. In some embodiments, metadata 183 includes configurable properties, flags, and/or lists that indicate whether sub-events are delivered to varying levels in the view or programmatic hierarchy.

[0162] In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 activates event handler 190 associated with an event when one or more particular sub-events of an event are recognized. In some embodiments, a respective event recognizer 180 delivers event information associated with the event to event handler 190. Activating an event handler 190 is distinct from sending (and deferred sending) sub-events to a respective hit view. In some embodiments, event recognizer 180 throws a flag associated with the recognized event, and event handler 190 associated with the flag catches the flag and performs a predefined process.

[0163] In some embodiments, event delivery instructions 188 include sub-event delivery instructions that deliver event information about a sub-event without activating an event handler. Instead, the sub-event delivery instructions deliver event information to event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or to actively involved views. Event handlers associated with the series of sub-events or with actively involved views receive the event information and perform a predetermined process.

[0164] In some embodiments, data updater 176 creates and updates data used in application 136-1. For example, data updater 176 updates the telephone number used in contacts module 137, or stores a video file used in video player module. In some embodiments, object updater 177 creates and updates objects used in application 136-1. For example, object updater 177 creates a new user-interface object or updates the position of a user-interface object. GUI updater 178 updates the GUI. For example, GUI updater 178 prepares display information and sends it to graphics module 132 for display on a touch-sensitive display.

[0165] In some embodiments, event handler(s) 190 includes or has access to data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178. In some embodiments, data updater 176, object updater 177, and GUI updater 178 are included in a single module of a respective application 136-1 or application view 191. In other embodiments, they are included in two or more software modules.

[0166] It shall be understood that the foregoing discussion regarding event handling of user touches on touch-sensitive displays also applies to other forms of user inputs to operate multifunction devices 100 with input devices, not all of which are initiated on touch screens. For example, mouse movement and mouse button presses, optionally coordinated with single or multiple keyboard presses or holds; contact movements such as taps, drags, scrolls, etc. on touchpads; pen stylus inputs; movement of the device; oral instructions; detected eye movements; biometric inputs; and/or any combination thereof are optionally utilized as inputs corresponding to sub-events which define an event to be recognized.

[0167] FIG. 2 illustrates a portable multifunction device 100 having a touch screen 112 in accordance with some embodiments. The touch screen optionally displays one or more graphics within user interface (UI) 200. In this embodiment, as well as others described below, a user is enabled to select one or more of the graphics by making a gesture on the graphics, for example, with one or more fingers 202 (not drawn to scale in the figure) or one or more styluses 203 (not drawn to scale in the figure). In some embodiments, selection of one or more graphics occurs when the user breaks contact with the one or more graphics. In some embodiments, the gesture optionally includes one or more taps, one or more swipes (from left to right, right to left, upward and/or downward), and/or a rolling of a finger (from right to left, left to right, upward and/or downward) that has made contact with device 100. In some implementations or circumstances, inadvertent contact with a graphic does not select the graphic. For example, a swipe gesture that sweeps over an application icon optionally does not select the corresponding application when the gesture corresponding to selection is a tap.

[0168] Device 100 optionally also include one or more physical buttons, such as “home” or menu button 204. As described previously, menu button 204 is, optionally, used to navigate to any application 136 in a set of applications that are, optionally, executed on device 100. Alternatively, in some embodiments, the menu button is implemented as a soft key in a GUI displayed on touch screen 112.

[0169] In some embodiments, device 100 includes touch screen 112, menu button 204, push button 206 for powering the device on/off and locking the device, volume adjustment button(s) 208, subscriber identity module (SIM) card slot 210, headset jack 212, and docking/charging external port 124. Push button 206 is, optionally, used to turn the power on/off on the device by depressing the button and holding the button in the depressed state for a predefined time interval; to lock the device by depressing the button and releasing the button before the predefined time interval has elapsed; and/or to unlock the device or initiate an unlock process. In an alternative embodiment, device 100 also accepts verbal input for activation or deactivation of some functions through microphone 113. Device 100 also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors 165 for detecting intensity of contacts on touch screen 112 and/or one or more tactile output generators 167 for generating tactile outputs for a user of device 100.

[0170] FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an exemplary multifunction device with a display and a touch-sensitive surface in accordance with some embodiments. Device 300 need not be portable. In some embodiments, device 300 is a laptop computer, a desktop computer, a tablet computer, a multimedia player device, a navigation device, an educational device (such as a child's learning toy), a gaming system, or a control device (e.g., a home or industrial controller). Device 300 typically includes one or more processing units (CPUs) 310, one or more network or other communications interfaces 360, memory 370, and one or more communication buses 320 for interconnecting these components. Communication buses 320 optionally include circuitry (sometimes called a chipset) that interconnects and controls communications between system components. Device 300 includes input/output (I/O) interface 330 comprising display 340, which is typically a touch screen display. I/O interface 330 also optionally includes a keyboard and/or mouse (or other pointing device) 350 and touchpad 355, tactile output generator 357 for generating tactile outputs on device 300 (e.g., similar to tactile output generator(s) 167 described above with reference to FIG. 1A), sensors 359 (e.g., optical, acceleration, proximity, touch-sensitive, and/or contact intensity sensors similar to contact intensity sensor(s) 165 described above with reference to FIG. 1A). Memory 370 includes high-speed random access memory, such as DRAM, SRAM, DDR RAM, or other random access solid state memory devices; and optionally includes non-volatile memory, such as one or more magnetic disk storage devices, optical disk storage devices, flash memory devices, or other non-volatile solid state storage devices. Memory 370 optionally includes one or more storage devices remotely located from CPU(s) 310. In some embodiments, memory 370 stores programs, modules, and data structures analogous to the programs, modules, and data structures stored in memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100 (FIG. 1A), or a subset thereof. Furthermore, memory 370 optionally stores additional programs, modules, and data structures not present in memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100. For example, memory 370 of device 300 optionally stores drawing module 380, presentation module 382, word processing module 384, website creation module 386, disk authoring module 388, and/or spreadsheet module 390, while memory 102 of portable multifunction device 100 (FIG. 1A) optionally does not store these modules.

[0171] Each of the above-identified elements in FIG. 3 are, optionally, stored in one or more of the previously mentioned memory devices. Each of the above-identified modules corresponds to a set of instructions for performing a function described above. The above-identified modules or programs (e.g., sets of instructions) need not be implemented as separate software programs, procedures, or modules, and thus various subsets of these modules are, optionally, combined or otherwise rearranged in various embodiments. In some embodiments, memory 370 optionally stores a subset of the modules and data structures identified above. Furthermore, memory 370 optionally stores additional modules and data structures not described above.

[0172] Attention is now directed towards embodiments of user interfaces that is, optionally, implemented on, for example, portable multifunction device 100.

[0173] FIG. 4A illustrates an exemplary user interface for a menu of applications on portable multifunction device 100 in accordance with some embodiments. Similar user interfaces is, optionally, implemented on device 300. In some embodiments, user interface 400 includes the following elements, or a subset or superset thereof:

• • [0174] Signal strength indicator(s) 402 for wireless communication(s), such as cellular and Wi-Fi signals;
  • [0175] Time 404;
  • [0176] Bluetooth indicator 405;
  • [0177] Battery status indicator 406;
  • [0178] Tray 408 with icons for frequently used applications, such as:
    • [0179] Icon 416 for telephone module 138, labeled “Phone,” which optionally includes an indicator 414 of the number of missed calls or voicemail messages;
    • [0180] Icon 418 for e-mail client module 140, labeled “Mail,” which optionally includes an indicator 410 of the number of unread e-mails;
    • [0181] Icon 420 for browser module 147, labeled “Browser;” and
    • [0182] Icon 422 for video and music player module 152, also referred to as iPod (trademark of Apple Inc.) module 152, labeled “iPod;” and
  • [0183] Icons for other applications, such as:
    • [0184] Icon 424 for IM module 141, labeled “Messages;”
    • [0185] Icon 426 for calendar module 148, labeled “Calendar;”
    • [0186] Icon 428 for image management module 144, labeled “Photos;”
    • [0187] Icon 430 for camera module 143, labeled “Camera;”
    • [0188] Icon 432 for online video module 155, labeled “Online Video;”
    • [0189] Icon 434 for stocks widget 149-2, labeled “Stocks;”
    • [0190] Icon 436 for map module 154, labeled “Maps;”
    • [0191] Icon 438 for weather widget 149-1, labeled “Weather;”
    • [0192] Icon 440 for alarm clock widget 149-4, labeled “Clock;”
    • [0193] Icon 442 for workout support module 142, labeled “Workout Support;”
    • [0194] Icon 444 for notes module 153, labeled “Notes;” and
    • [0195] Icon 446 for a settings application or module, labeled “Settings,” which provides access to settings for device 100 and its various applications 136.

[0196] It should be noted that the icon labels illustrated in FIG. 4A are merely exemplary. For example, icon 422 for video and music player module 152 are optionally labeled “Music” or “Music Player.” Other labels are, optionally, used for various application icons. In some embodiments, a label for a respective application icon includes a name of an application corresponding to the respective application icon. In some embodiments, a label for a particular application icon is distinct from a name of an application corresponding to the particular application icon.

[0197] FIG. 4B illustrates an exemplary user interface on a device (e.g., device 300, FIG. 3) with a touch-sensitive surface 451 (e.g., a tablet or touchpad 355, FIG. 3) that is separate from the display 450 (e.g., touch screen display 112). Device 300 also, optionally, includes one or more contact intensity sensors (e.g., one or more of sensors 359) for detecting intensity of contacts on touch-sensitive surface 451 and/or one or more tactile output generators 357 for generating tactile outputs for a user of device 300.

[0198] Although some of the examples which follow will be given with reference to inputs on touch screen display 112 (where the touch-sensitive surface and the display are combined), in some embodiments, the device detects inputs on a touch-sensitive surface that is separate from the display, as shown in FIG. 4B. In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 451 in FIG. 4B) has a primary axis (e.g., 452 in FIG. 4B) that corresponds to a primary axis (e.g., 453 in FIG. 4B) on the display (e.g., 450). In accordance with these embodiments, the device detects contacts (e.g., 460 and 462 in FIG. 4B) with the touch-sensitive surface 451 at locations that correspond to respective locations on the display (e.g., in FIG. 4B, 460 corresponds to 468 and 462 corresponds to 470). In this way, user inputs (e.g., contacts 460 and 462, and movements thereof) detected by the device on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., 451 in FIG. 4B) are used by the device to manipulate the user interface on the display (e.g., 450 in FIG. 4B) of the multifunction device when the touch-sensitive surface is separate from the display. It should be understood that similar methods are, optionally, used for other user interfaces described herein.

[0199] Additionally, while the following examples are given primarily with reference to finger inputs (e.g., finger contacts, finger tap gestures, finger swipe gestures), it should be understood that, in some embodiments, one or more of the finger inputs are replaced with input from another input device (e.g., a mouse-based input or stylus input). For example, a swipe gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click (e.g., instead of a contact) followed by movement of the cursor along the path of the swipe (e.g., instead of movement of the contact). As another example, a tap gesture is, optionally, replaced with a mouse click while the cursor is located over the location of the tap gesture (e.g., instead of detection of the contact followed by ceasing to detect the contact). Similarly, when multiple user inputs are simultaneously detected, it should be understood that multiple computer mice are, optionally, used simultaneously, or a mouse and finger contacts are, optionally, used simultaneously.

[0200] FIG. 5A illustrates exemplary personal electronic device 500. Device 500 includes body 502. In some embodiments, device 500 can include some or all of the features described with respect to devices 100 and 300 (e.g., FIGS. 1A-4B). In some embodiments, device 500 has touch-sensitive display screen 504, hereafter touch screen 504. Alternatively, or in addition to touch screen 504, device 500 has a display and a touch-sensitive surface. As with devices 100 and 300, in some embodiments, touch screen 504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) optionally includes one or more intensity sensors for detecting intensity of contacts (e.g., touches) being applied. The one or more intensity sensors of touch screen 504 (or the touch-sensitive surface) can provide output data that represents the intensity of touches. The user interface of device 500 can respond to touches based on their intensity, meaning that touches of different intensities can invoke different user interface operations on device 500.

[0201] Exemplary techniques for detecting and processing touch intensity are found, for example, in related applications: International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/040061, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Displaying User Interface Objects Corresponding to an Application,” filed May 8, 2013, and International Patent Application Serial No. PCT/US2013/069483, titled “Device, Method, and Graphical User Interface for Transitioning Between Touch Input to Display Output Relationships,” filed Nov. 11, 2013, each of which is hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.

[0202] In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more input mechanisms 506 and 508. Input mechanisms 506 and 508, if included, can be physical. Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatable mechanisms. In some embodiments, device 500 has one or more attachment mechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms, if included, can permit attachment of device 500 with, for example, hats, eyewear, earrings, necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watch straps, chains, trousers, belts, shoes, purses, backpacks, and so forth. These attachment mechanisms permit device 500 to be worn by a user.

[0203] FIG. 5B depicts exemplary personal electronic device 500. In some embodiments, device 500 can include some or all of the components described with respect to FIGS. 1A, 1B, and 3. Device 500 has bus 512 that operatively couples I/O section 514 with one or more computer processors 516 and memory 518. I/O section 514 can be connected to display 504, which can have touch-sensitive component 522 and, optionally, touch-intensity sensitive component 524. In addition, I/O section 514 can be connected with communication unit 530 for receiving application and operating system data, using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, near field communication (NFC), cellular, and/or other wireless communication techniques. Device 500 can include input mechanisms 506 and/or 508. Input mechanism 506 may be a rotatable input device or a depressible and rotatable input device, for example. Input mechanism 508 is, optionally,a button, in some examples.

[0204] Input mechanism 508 is, optionally, a microphone, in some examples. Personal electronic device 500 optionally includes various sensors, such as GPS sensor 532, accelerometer 534, directional sensor 540 (e.g., compass), gyroscope 536, motion sensor 538, and/or a combination thereof, all of which can be operatively connected to I/O section 514.

[0205] Memory 518 of personal electronic device 500 can be a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, for storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by one or more computer processors 516, for example, can cause the computer processors to perform the techniques described above, including processes 1500-1850 (FIGS. 15A-18B) and process 2400 (FIG. 24). The computer-executable instructions can also be stored and/or transported within any non-transitory computer-readable storage medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For purposes of this document, a “non-transitory computer-readable storage medium” can be any medium that can tangibly contain or store computer-executable instructions for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The non-transitory computer-readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, magnetic, optical, and/or semiconductor storages. Examples of such storage include magnetic disks, optical discs based on CD, DVD, or Blu-ray technologies, as well as persistent solid-state memory such as flash, solid-state drives, and the like. Personal electronic device 500 is not limited to the components and configuration of FIG. 5B, but can include other or additional components in multiple configurations.

[0206] As used here, the term “affordance” refers to a user-interactive graphical user interface object that is, optionally, displayed on the display screen of devices 100, 300, and/or 500 (FIGS. 1, 3, and 5). For example, an image (e.g., icon), a button, and text (e.g., hyperlink) each optionally constitute an affordance.

[0207] As used herein, the term “focus selector” refers to an input element that indicates a current part of a user interface with which a user is interacting. In some implementations that include a cursor or other location marker, the cursor acts as a “focus selector” so that when an input (e.g., a press input) is detected on a touch-sensitive surface (e.g., touchpad 355 in FIG. 3 or touch-sensitive surface 451 in FIG. 4B) while the cursor is over a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations that include a touch screen display (e.g., touch-sensitive display system 112 in FIG. 1A or touch screen 112 in FIG. 4A) that enables direct interaction with user interface elements on the touch screen display, a detected contact on the touch screen acts as a “focus selector” so that when an input (e.g., a press input by the contact) is detected on the touch screen display at a location of a particular user interface element (e.g., a button, window, slider, or other user interface element), the particular user interface element is adjusted in accordance with the detected input. In some implementations, focus is moved from one region of a user interface to another region of the user interface without corresponding movement of a cursor or movement of a contact on a touch screen display (e.g., by using a tab key or arrow keys to move focus from one button to another button); in these implementations, the focus selector moves in accordance with movement of focus between different regions of the user interface. Without regard to the specific form taken by the focus selector, the focus selector is generally the user interface element (or contact on a touch screen display) that is controlled by the user so as to communicate the user's intended interaction with the user interface (e.g., by indicating, to the device, the element of the user interface with which the user is intending to interact). For example, the location of a focus selector (e.g., a cursor, a contact, or a selection box) over a respective button while a press input is detected on the touch-sensitive surface (e.g., a touchpad or touch screen) will indicate that the user is intending to activate the respective button (as opposed to other user interface elements shown on a display of the device).

[0208] As used in the specification and claims, the term “characteristic intensity” of a contact refers to a characteristic of the contact based on one or more intensities of the contact. In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is based on multiple intensity samples. The characteristic intensity is, optionally, based on a predefined number of intensity samples, or a set of intensity samples collected during a predetermined time period (e.g., 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10 seconds) relative to a predefined event (e.g., after detecting the contact, prior to detecting liftoff of the contact, before or after detecting a start of movement of the contact, prior to detecting an end of the contact, before or after detecting an increase in intensity of the contact, and/or before or after detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact). A characteristic intensity of a contact is, optionally based on one or more of: a maximum value of the intensities of the contact, a mean value of the intensities of the contact, an average value of the intensities of the contact, a top 10 percentile value of the intensities of the contact, a value at the half maximum of the intensities of the contact, a value at the 90 percent maximum of the intensities of the contact, or the like. In some embodiments, the duration of the contact is used in determining the characteristic intensity (e.g., when the characteristic intensity is an average of the intensity of the contact over time). In some embodiments, the characteristic intensity is compared to a set of one or more intensity thresholds to determine whether an operation has been performed by a user. For example, the set of one or more intensity thresholds optionally includes a first intensity threshold and a second intensity threshold. In this example, a contact with a characteristic intensity that does not exceed the first threshold results in a first operation, a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the first intensity threshold and does not exceed the second intensity threshold results in a second operation, and a contact with a characteristic intensity that exceeds the second threshold results in a third operation. In some embodiments, a comparison between the characteristic intensity and one or more thresholds is used to determine whether or not to perform one or more operations (e.g., whether to perform a respective operation or forgo performing the respective operation) rather than being used to determine whether to perform a first operation or a second operation.

[0209] In some embodiments, a portion of a gesture is identified for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity. For example, a touch-sensitive surface optionally receives a continuous swipe contact transitioning from a start location and reaching an end location, at which point the intensity of the contact increases. In this example, the characteristic intensity of the contact at the end location is, optionally, based on only a portion of the continuous swipe contact, and not the entire swipe contact (e.g., only the portion of the swipe contact at the end location). In some embodiments, a smoothing algorithm is, optionally, applied to the intensities of the swipe contact prior to determining the characteristic intensity of the contact. For example, the smoothing algorithm optionally includes one or more of: an unweighted sliding-average smoothing algorithm, a triangular smoothing algorithm, a median filter smoothing algorithm, and/or an exponential smoothing algorithm. In some circumstances, these smoothing algorithms eliminate narrow spikes or dips in the intensities of the swipe contact for purposes of determining a characteristic intensity.

[0210] The intensity of a contact on the touch-sensitive surface is, optionally, be characterized relative to one or more intensity thresholds, such as a contact-detection intensity threshold, a light press intensity threshold, a deep press intensity threshold, and/or one or more other intensity thresholds. In some embodiments, the light press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, the deep press intensity threshold corresponds to an intensity at which the device will perform operations that are different from operations typically associated with clicking a button of a physical mouse or a trackpad. In some embodiments, when a contact is detected with a characteristic intensity below the light press intensity threshold (e.g., and above a nominal contact-detection intensity threshold below which the contact is no longer detected), the device will move a focus selector in accordance with movement of the contact on the touch-sensitive surface without performing an operation associated with the light press intensity threshold or the deep press intensity threshold. Generally, unless otherwise stated, these intensity thresholds are consistent between different sets of user interface figures.

[0211] An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the light press intensity threshold to an intensity between the light press intensity threshold and the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a “light press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the deep press intensity threshold to an intensity above the deep press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as a “deep press” input. An increase of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity between the contact-detection intensity threshold and the light press intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting the contact on the touch-surface. A decrease of characteristic intensity of the contact from an intensity above the contact-detection intensity threshold to an intensity below the contact-detection intensity threshold is sometimes referred to as detecting liftoff of the contact from the touch-surface. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is zero. In some embodiments, the contact-detection intensity threshold is greater than zero.

[0212] In some embodiments described herein, one or more operations are performed in response to detecting a gesture that includes a respective press input or in response to detecting the respective press input performed with a respective contact (or a plurality of contacts), where the respective press input is detected based at least in part on detecting an increase in intensity of the contact (or plurality of contacts) above a press-input intensity threshold. In some embodiments, the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., a “down stroke” of the respective press input). In some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the press-input threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input).

[0213] In some embodiments, the device employs intensity hysteresis to avoid accidental inputs sometimes termed “jitter,” where the device defines or selects a hysteresis intensity threshold with a predefined relationship to the press-input intensity threshold (e.g., the hysteresis intensity threshold is X intensity units lower than the press-input intensity threshold or the hysteresis intensity threshold is 75%, 90%, or some reasonable proportion of the press-input intensity threshold). Thus, in some embodiments, the press input includes an increase in intensity of the respective contact above the press-input intensity threshold and a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold that corresponds to the press-input intensity threshold, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the subsequent decrease in intensity of the respective contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold (e.g., an “up stroke” of the respective press input). Similarly, in some embodiments, the press input is detected only when the device detects an increase in intensity of the contact from an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity at or above the press-input intensity threshold and, optionally, a subsequent decrease in intensity of the contact to an intensity at or below the hysteresis intensity, and the respective operation is performed in response to detecting the press input (e.g., the increase in intensity of the contact or the decrease in intensity of the contact, depending on the circumstances).

[0214] For ease of explanation, the descriptions of operations performed in response to a press input associated with a press-input intensity threshold or in response to a gesture including the press input are, optionally, triggered in response to detecting either: an increase in intensity of a contact above the press-input intensity threshold, an increase in intensity of a contact from an intensity below the hysteresis intensity threshold to an intensity above the press-input intensity threshold, a decrease in intensity of the contact below the press-input intensity threshold, and/or a decrease in intensity of the contact below the hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to the press-input intensity threshold. Additionally, in examples where an operation is described as being performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of a contact below the press-input intensity threshold, the operation is, optionally, performed in response to detecting a decrease in intensity of the contact below a hysteresis intensity threshold corresponding to, and lower than, the press-input intensity threshold.

[0215] FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary personal electronic device 600 (hereafter device 600) that can have a remote control software application that permits electronic device 600 to remotely control other electronic devices. Device 600 includes body 602. In some examples, device 600 has touch-sensitive display screen (hereafter touchscreen) 604. Touchscreen 604 can include a display device, such as a liquid crystal display (LCD), light-emitting diode (LED) display, organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, or the like, positioned partially or fully behind or in front of a touch sensor panel implemented using any desired touch sensing technology, such as mutual-capacitance touch sensing, self-capacitance touch sensing, resistive touch sensing, projection scan touch sensing, or the like.

[0216] Touchscreen 604 can allow a user to perform various functions by touching or hovering near the touch sensor panel. The user may make contact with touchscreen 604 using any suitable object or appendage, such as a stylus, a finger, and so forth. In some examples, device 600 is designed to work primarily with finger-based contacts and gestures, which can be less precise than stylus-based inputs due to the larger area of contact of a finger on the touchscreen. In some examples, the device translates the rough finger-based input into a precise pointer/cursor position or command for performing the actions desired by the user.

[0217] Touchscreen 604 can display graphical user interface objects. Examples of such graphical user interface objects include images, video, text, and other graphics. As used here, the term “icon” refers to a graphical user interface object—such as an image—that provides a visual indication of a device feature and optionally, when activated, initiates that feature. Also, as used here, the term “affordance” refers to a graphical user interface object—such as an image—and/or its content—such as text within the image.

[0218] In some examples, touchscreen 604 has one or more intensity sensors (not shown) for detecting intensity of contacts being applied. The one or more intensity sensors of touchscreen 604 can provide output data that represents the intensity of contacts. The user interface of device 600 can respond to contacts based on their intensity, meaning that contacts of different intensities can invoke different user interface operations on device 600. As used here, the term “intensity” of a contact on touchscreen 604 refers to the force or pressure (force per unit area) of a contact (e.g., a finger) on the touchscreen.

[0219] In some examples, touchscreen 604 does not have the above-described intensity sensors; rather, device 600 uses a substitute (proxy) for the force or pressure of a contact on touchscreen 604. In these examples, the size of the contact area detected on the touchscreen 604 and/or changes thereto, the capacitance of the touchscreen 604 proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto, and/or the resistance of the touchscreen 604 proximate to the contact and/or changes thereto can be used as a substitute for the force or pressure of the contact on touchscreen 604. These substitute measurements for contact force or pressure may be used directly to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is described in units corresponding to the substitute measurements). Alternatively, these substitute measurements for contact force or pressure may be converted to an estimated force or pressure and the estimated force or pressure may then be used to determine whether an intensity threshold has been exceeded (e.g., the intensity threshold is a pressure threshold measured in units of pressure).

[0220] In some examples, regardless of whether touchscreen 604 has the above-described intensity sensors, device 600 can optionally communicate with a stylus having a pressure-sensitive tip that detects and provides data regarding the intensity of the stylus's contact on device 600, particularly touchscreen 604.

[0221] In some examples, device 600 has one or more input mechanisms 606 and 608. Input mechanisms 606 and 608, if included, can be physical. Examples of physical input mechanisms include push buttons and rotatable mechanisms. In some examples, device 600 has one or more attachment mechanisms. Such attachment mechanisms, if included, can permit attachment of device 600 with, for example, hats, eyewear, earrings, necklaces, shirts, jackets, bracelets, watch straps, chains, trousers, belts, shoes, purses, backpacks, and so forth.

[0222] FIG. 7 shows exemplary user interface screen 700 that device 600 can display on touchscreen 604. Screen 700 can be, for example, a home screen that appears when the display of device 600 is powered on, or that appears in response to user input on device 600. Screen 700 has icons 702, 704, 706, 708, and 710. These icons correspond to software applications that are available on device 600. A user can make contact with icons 702, 704, 706, 708, or 710 to launch a corresponding application. Launching an application means causing the application to run in the foreground of device 600 and to appear on touchscreen 604.

[0223] Icon 706 corresponds to a remote control application. A remote control application allows a user to remotely control other electronic devices. These other electronic devices can be referred to as target electronic devices. Target electronic devices are capable of being remotely controlled, meaning that they have the requisite hardware and/or software to receive and act on instructions from remote controllers. Some target electronic devices, however, may not always be responsive to remote control even if they are capable. For example, a target electronic device may be configured to receive and process incoming instructions when it is running some software applications but not others. Such a target electronic device may be identified as responsive to remote control when it is executing logic (e.g., a target software application) that has an operation that can be initiated remotely (e.g., from device 600). In some cases, a target electronic device is responsive to remote control when it is executing a relevant target software application in the foreground, but not be responsive to remote control when the target software application is executing in the background. Device 600 may require an external electronic device to be registered with device 600 before it is treated as a target electronic device capable of remote communication. The registration process may be akin to “pairing” processes used in the context of Bluetooth™ communication, WiFi Protected Setup (WPS), operating system device setup, and the like.

[0224] In some examples, electronic device 600 may determine responsiveness by listening for network discovery information broadcasted by target electronic devices that are responsive to remote control. In these examples, electronic device 600 expects target electronic devices that are responsive to remote control to send out communication datagrams (e.g., using a service discovery protocol) indicating their presence and responsiveness onto a communication channel (e.g., a network). In some examples, electronic device 600 may determine responsiveness by sending requests onto a communication channel and listening for acknowledgements from target electronic devices that are responsive to remote control. In these examples, electronic device 600 expects target electronic devices that are responsive to remote control to acknowledge requests. Electronic device 600 may broadcast requests and/or target requests to registered electronic devices. In some examples, electronic device 600 may determine responsiveness using a combination of the above-described techniques. For example, electronic device 600 may actively poll for target electronic devices by sending broadcast signals when its battery level is relatively full (e.g., above a threshold), but passively listen for network discovery data from target electronic devices when its battery level is relatively empty (e.g., below a threshold).

[0225] A user may make contact with icon 706 to launch the remote control application. This causes device 600 to display one of several possible graphical user interface screens (e.g. landing screen). In some examples, when a user activates icon 706, device 600 identifies whether there is a registered target electronic device that is currently responsive to remote control. If so, device 600 displays a screen depicting possible operations of the identified target electronic device. One example of a target electronic device that is responsive to remote control is a media player that is currently playing media. FIG. 8 shows an exemplary screen for controlling such a media player. Screen 800 has graphical user interface objects 802, 804, and 806 representing operations on a target electronic device that has been identified as being responsive to remote control. User interface object 802 represents a “pause” operation, object 804 represents a “fast forward” operation, and object 806 represents a “rewind” operation. These operations constitute transport operations. When a user contacts object 802, for example, device 600 sends data representing an instruction to the media player instructing it to pause. Screen 800 may additionally include other objects representing additional transport operations (e.g., “play,” “stop,” “next,” “previous,” and so forth). In some examples, user interface object 802 (representing pause) may be replaced with a user interface object representing play after being invoked.

[0226] Another example of a target electronic device that is responsive to remote control is a computer that is running a presentation program, such as Microsoft™ PowerPoint or Apple™ KeyNote. In some examples, the remote control application prioritizes the display of remote controls for presentation programs. Restated, if two target devices are responsive to remote control, and one of the two target devices is running a presentation program, the remote control application may land on remote controls for the presentation program upon launch.

[0227] Device 600 can display other landing screens. When a user activates icon 706 (FIG. 7), device 600 may be unable to identify any registered target electronic device that is currently responsive to remote control. In some examples, when this occurs, device 600 may display a screen that corresponds to the last target electronic device that was remotely controlled using device 600, even if that target electronic device is not currently responsive. In other examples, when this occurs, device 600 may display a screen that corresponds to the last media playback device that was remotely controlled using device 600, even if that target media device is not currently responsive.

[0228] In yet other examples, when this occurs, device 600 may display a graphical user interface screen permitting a user's selection of a target electronic device (from a list of devices) to control remotely. FIG. 9 shows an example of such a screen. Screen 900 has graphical user interface objects 402, 404, and 406. These graphical user interface objects correspond to electronic devices that are capable of being remotely controlled and have been registered with device 600. Object 902 is related to a set-top media playback device, object 904 is related to an audio player, and object 906 is related to an automobile. A user can activate one of these objects to view the remotely controllable operations of the corresponding target electronic device. For example, a user can make contact with object 904 to view transport operations for the corresponding audio player. When a user contacts object 904, device 600 may display screen 800 (FIG. 8), in some examples.

[0229] Device 600 can display still other landing screens. In some examples, when a user activates icon 706 (FIG. 7) and device 600 determines that no registered target electronic device is currently responsive to remote control, then device 600 may display a screen for registering target electronic devices (instead of screen 900 as shown in FIG. 9). The possibility of this alternate behavior means that device 600 can respond differently when it is (i) unable to detect a responsive electronic device, as opposed to when it (ii) detects affirmatively that nearby registered electronic devices exist but are not responding to remote control instructions. More specifically, device can display screen 900 (FIG. 9) when (i) occurs but display a device registration screen when (ii) occurs. This distinction is especially relevant if target electronic devices can execute multiple software applications. Such target electronic devices may be responsive to remote control when certain applications are running, but be unresponsive to remote control at other times. Device 600 can thus react accordingly, meaning that in some examples device 600 avoids asking a user to register additional target electronic devices simply because his registered target electronic devices are momentarily unresponsive to remote control.

[0230] Returning to FIG. 9, a user may make contact with graphical user interface object 902 to see operations of the corresponding media player that can be controlled remotely. FIG. 10 depicts graphical user interface screen 1000 showing the remote-controllable operations of the media player. The relevant media player may be a set-top media device or other device. Screen 1000 includes graphical user interface objects 1002, 1004, and 1006 representing transport operations. A user may contact object 504, for example, to fast-forward into the media playback. Screen 1000 also includes text (e.g., affordances) identifying the media being played.

[0231] As can be seen from the exemplary user interfaces screens of 800 (FIG. 8) and 1000 (FIG. 10), device 600 can share graphical user interface objects between different screens of its remote control application. In some examples, the sharing of graphical user interface objects refers to the re-use of graphical user interface objects to cause the same effect among different user interface screens of target electronic devices. That is, graphical user interface objects 802 (FIG. 8) and 1002 (FIG. 10) are shared in that they have the same visual appearance and the same effect of pausing playback on different electronic devices. In some examples, the sharing of remote control components refers to the ability of one graphical user interface object to concurrently cause the same effect across multiple target electronic devices. That is, graphical user interface object 1002 can have the effect of pausing playback on multiple set-top devices that are registered with device 600 in response to a single user contact, such as multiple living room cable boxes.

[0232] Device 600 can display yet still other landing screens. In some examples, when a user activates icon 706 (FIG. 7), device 600 may determine the positioning of nearby target electronic devices. Device 600 may then display graphical representations of nearby target electronic devices based on their relative positions and/or proximities. For example, device 600 may determine that a first target electronic device is in front of the user and a second target electronic device is to the left of the user. In this situation, device 600 may display a first icon representing the first target electronic device near the top of touchscreen 604 and a second icon representing the second target electronic device near the left of touchscreen 604. FIG. 6 illustrates exemplary graphical user interface screen 600 in which graphical user interface objects representing different target electronic devices are positioned and sized on-screen according to their positions and proximities with respect to device 600.

[0233] As background, car 610, cellular phone 612, and door entry system 614 are nearby and are positioned to the north, east, and west of device 600, respectively. Car 610 is physically closest to device 600 while cellular phone 612 is farthest away. In view of these positions and proximities, device 600 displays screen 600 having graphical user interface object 606 (representing car 610) near the top edge of touchscreen 604, object 602 (representing cellular phone 612) near the right edge, and object 604 (representing door entry system 614) near the left edge. In other words, in some examples, the on-screen position of a graphical user interface object corresponds to the relative position of its corresponding target electronic device with respect to device 600. Device 600 also displays object 606 in larger size as compared with icon 602. In some examples, the on-screen size of a graphical user interface object is inversely proportional to the distance between device 600 and its corresponding target electronic device. Note, while distance can be measured using physical units, in some examples, distance between devices may be approximated based on meta-data such as network access delays and GPS location information, for example.

[0234] Device 600 can display yet still other landing screens. In some examples, when a user activates icon 706 (FIG. 7), device 600 groups target electronic devices into categories and display a listing of device categories. This grouping is useful when the number of registered target electronic devices exceeds that which can be usefully displayed on touchscreen 604. In some examples, this limit is based on a predetermined numeric threshold. In some examples, particularly where touch input is used, graphical user interface objects that are smaller than the tip of the average human index finger are considered not useful for touch input. FIG. 7 shows exemplary graphical user interface screen 700. Screen 700 has graphical user interface objects 702, 704, and 706 indicating the categories of “home,” “personal portable devices,” and “automotive,” respectively. A user may make contact with object 702 to view a more detailed listing of target electronic devices related to home automation, such as media playback devices, door entry devices, lighting devices, and so forth. A user may contact object 704 to view a more detailed listing of target electronic devices such as portable music players and cellular phones, for example. A user may contact object 706 to view a more detailed listing of target electronic devices related to in-car telematics systems.

[0235] Turning to FIG. 8, in response to activation of graphical user interface object 702 (FIG. 7), device 600 displays graphical user interface screen 800. Screen 800 includes user interface objects 802, 804, and 806 corresponding to target electronic devices in the Home category: User interface object 802 corresponds to a television remote control, user interface object 804 corresponds to a garage door opener, and user interface object 806 corresponds to a remote lighting controller. A user may activate user interface object 802, 804, or 806 to launch remote control screens for these target electronic devices.

[0236] In some examples, device 600 may be able to detect motion that represents a raise gesture. For example, if device 600 is a wearable device configured to be worn on a user's arm, the device may be able to detect when the user has raised his arm. When a raise gesture is detected, device 600 may send an instruction that instructs a target electronic device to perform an operation, or to stop the performance of an operation. For example, device 600 may instruct a media playback device to stop (or pause) playback when a user raises the device. Techniques for determining raising gestures such as wrist raises are described in, e.g., U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/026,532, “Raise Gesture Detection in a Device,” filed Jul. 18, 2014, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference. In addition, device 600 may display user interface object representing additional controls (e.g., transport controls) for the target electronic device.

[0237] Device 600 can display user interface screen based on the intensity of contacts being applied to touchscreen 604 (FIG. 6). Specifically, device 600 can respond differently when a user contacts touchscreen 604 of device 600 with a greater intensity than what is normally needed to activate a graphical user interface object. This aspect is described with reference to FIGS. 22A-B. As shown in FIG. 22A, device 600 may display user interface screen 2200. Screen 2200 may be screen 800 (FIG. 8) for remotely controlling a target electronic device, in this instance an audio player. A user may activate (e.g., tap) a displayed icon to invoke a corresponding transport control of the target audio player. In some examples, if the intensity of the user's contact (e.g., tap 2208) on icon 2204 (or more generally touchscreen 604) exceeds a threshold intensity, device 600 may, instead of invoking a corresponding remote operation of the target electronic device, replace the display of screen 2200 with a graphical user interface screen 2210 showing alternate features of the target electronic device. For example, as shown in FIG. 22B, screen 2210 include shuffling playback icon 2212, repeating playback icon 2214, and/or playlist and/or station icon 2216. These features constitute alternate features. More generally, the term “alternate features” refers to features different from those features otherwise displayed on device 600 had the intensity of contact 2208 been below the threshold intensity (e.g., features corresponding to screen 2200).

[0238] As discussed above, device 600 may require registration of an electronic device before allowing remote control of the electronic device. When this is the case, device 600 provides graphical user interface screens for registering target electronic devices. In some examples, device 600 proactively displays the necessary registration screens under some usage conditions, as discussed above.

[0239] In some examples, device 600 reactively displays the necessary registration screens when a user contacts touchscreen 604 of device 600 with a greater intensity than what is normally needed to activate a graphical user interface object. When the intensity sensors of device 600 detect a contact that has a maximum intensity that is greater than a threshold intensity, device 600 can display graphical user interface screens for registering electronic devices as target electronic devices. This aspect is described with reference to FIGS. 21A-B. In FIG. 21A, device 600 is displaying user interface screen 2100 which may be screen 900 (FIG. 9) for selecting a target electronic device to remote control. A user may activate (e.g., tap) on a displayed graphical user interface object to select a corresponding electronic device that is to be remotely controlled. In some examples, if the intensity of the user's contact (e.g., tap 2108) on icon 2106 (or more generally touchscreen 604) exceeds a threshold intensity, device 600 may, instead of displaying remote controls for the corresponding electronic device, replace the display of screen 2100 with graphical user interface screen 2110. Screen 2110, as shown, provides an alternate feature of registering new target electronic devices.

[0240] Device 600 may limit what electronic devices can be registered as target electronic devices. In some examples, device 600 registers only nearby electronic devices. Device 600 may consider an electronic device to be “nearby” if the two are within the communication range of a short-range wireless communication protocol such as Bluetooth™ (whether classic or low energy), near-field communication, ZigBee™, and the like. Also, device 600 may consider an electronic device to be “nearby” if the two are within communication range of a local area network such as IEEE 802.11 network. Also, device 600 considers an electronic device to be “nearby” if the two are within communication range of a wide area network such as a cellular network, a cellular data network, or a wide area network (e.g., internet). Also, device 600 may consider network response times between itself and a target electronic device in determining whether the target electronic device is nearby. Also, device 600 may consider additional meta-data, such as GPS location information, in determining whether a target electronic device is nearby.

[0241] In some examples, in response to a user contact at a maximum intensity that is greater than the predetermined threshold intensity, device 600 displays a user interface for viewing and changing configuration settings associated with the remote control application.

3. Progressive disclosure

[0242] FIG. 14A shows graphical user interface screen 1400, which can be an alternative to screen 700 (FIG. 7) in some examples. As shown, screen 1400 includes graphical user interface object 1402 corresponding to a remote control application. Screen 1400 also includes affordance 1406 indicating additional information related to the remote control application. Affordance 1406 may appear inside graphical user interface object 1402 (as shown), or may appear outside but adjacent to graphical user interface object 1402 (not shown). Exemplary affordances can show, for example, (i) whether at least one registered electronic device is responsive to remote control; (ii) the types and/or number of registered electronic devices responsive to remote control; (iii) the types and/or number of electronic devices capable of remote control; (iv) the types and/or number of electronic devices capable of remote control and available for registration with device 600; and/or (iv) the types and/or number of electronic devices registered with device 600. These affordances can range from a simple visual indicator (such as an image) to rows of text (such as scrolling/marquee text).

[0243] Affordance 1402 need not always be displayed. As demonstrated by FIG. 14B, in some examples, affordance 1402 disappears when graphical user interface object 1406 is reduced in size. Object 1406 may become reduced in size when a user zooms-out from screen 1400 using one or more of the input mechanisms of device 600, for example. Suitable input mechanisms may include one or more of the touchscreen(s), button(s) and rotatable mechanism described above. Restated, affordance 1402 may be displayed in one graphical user interface screen at one zoom level (e.g., screen 1400) but not on another screen at another zoom level (e.g., screen 1410).

[0244] FIG. 15A depicts exemplary process 1500 that device 600 can perform to control a target electronic device. At block 1510, a graphical user interface object is displayed on a touchscreen. The graphical user interface object represents a remote control application for remotely controlling a target electronic device. At block 1520, data representing a contact input such as a finger tap is obtained. A determination is made that the contact occurred on the user interface object representing the remote control application. In response to the determination that the received data represents a relevant contact, at block 1530, an electronic device that can be remotely controlled is identified. The identified target electronic device may have been registered on device 600. If the identified target electronic device is determined to be presently responsive to remote control, processing proceeds to block 1540, where graphical user interface objects for controlling the identified target electronic device are displayed. The displayed graphical user interface objects may depend on the operations supported by the identified target electronic device. If no target electronic device is identified, processing proceeds to block 1550, where graphical user interface objects for manually selecting a target electronic device for remote control are displayed.

[0245] FIG. 15B depicts exemplary process 1560 that device 600 can perform to control a target electronic device. At block 1565, a graphical user interface object is displayed on a touchscreen. The graphical user interface object includes a plurality of icons including an icon that represents a remote control application for remotely controlling a target electronic device. At block 1570, a first contact on a touch-sensitive display is received at the location of the icon. At block 1575, a determination is made as to whether a target device out of a plurality of target devices is responsive to remote control. In response to the first contact and a determination that the target device is responsive to remote control, at block 1580, a first plurality of remote controls for the target device is displayed. At block 1585, while displaying the first plurality of remote controls, a second contact on the touch-sensitive display is received. The second contact has a maximum intensity in some examples. At block 1590, in response to the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is below a threshold intensity, the target device is instructions to perform an operation. At block 1595, in response to the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is above the threshold intensity, a second plurality of remote controls for the first target device is displayed.

[0246] The identified target electronic device may have been registered on device 600. If the identified target electronic device is determined to be presently responsive to remote control, processing proceeds to block 1540, where graphical user interface objects for controlling the identified target electronic device are displayed. The displayed graphical user interface objects may depend on the operations supported by the identified target electronic device. If no target electronic device is identified, processing proceeds to block 1550, where graphical user interface objects for manually selecting a target electronic device for remote control are displayed.

[0247] FIG. 16 depicts exemplary process 1600 that device 600 can perform to control a target electronic device. At block 1610, information representing multiple target electronic devices is obtained. The obtained information may be used to identify target electronic devices that are responsive to remote control. At block 1620, a user interface object is displayed on touchscreen 604. The user interface object may represent a remote control application for remotely controlling a target electronic device. At block 1630, data representing a contact, such as a finger tap, on the user interface object is received. At block 1640, a determination is made as to whether the number of target electronic devices that may be remotely controlled exceeds a threshold. This determination may be based on the information obtained at block 1610. If the number of devices is determined to exceed the threshold, then processing proceeds to block 1650 where graphical user interface objects representing categories of target electronic devices are displayed. If the number of devices is determined not to exceed the threshold, then processing proceeds to block 1660 where graphical user interface objects representing target electronic devices are displayed.

[0248] FIG. 17 depicts exemplary process 1700 that device 600 can perform to identify target electronic devices for remote control. At block 1710, the location of a target electronic device is determined. The location of the target electronic device relative to device 600 may be determined by obtaining network and/or location information from the target electronic devices, for example. At block 1720, a user interface object representing the target electronic device is displayed on touchscreen 604. The user interface object may be displayed at a location on touchscreen 604 that illustrates the location of the target electronic device relative to device 600, as discussed above with respect to FIG. 6.

[0249] FIG. 18A depicts exemplary process 1800 that device 600 can perform to indicate whether target electronic device are available for remote control. At block 1810, a relative larger number (as compared with block 1830) of graphical user interface objects are displayed on touchscreen 604. The displayed graphical user interface objects include an object representing a remote control application. At block 1820, data representing a user input is obtained form an input device of device 600. A determination is made that the received data represents a zoom-in operation. In response to the determination that the received data represents a zoom-in operation, at block 1830, a reduced number (as compared with block 1810) of graphical user interface objects are displayed on touchscreen 604. The displayed graphical user interface objects still include the object representing the remote control application being displayed in a relatively larger size (as compared with block 1810). Additionally, the object representing the remote control application includes an additional affordance. The additional affordance may indicate, for example: (i) whether at least one registered electronic device is responsive to remote control; (ii) the types and/or number of registered electronic devices responsive to remote control; (iii) the types and/or number of electronic devices capable of remote control; (iv) the types and/or number of electronic devices capable of remote control and available for registration with device 600; and/or (iv) the types and/or number of electronic devices registered with device 600.

[0250] FIG. 18B depicts exemplary process 1850 that device 600 can perform to indicate whether target electronic device are available for remote control. At block 1860, a relative larger number (for example, as compared with block 1880) of graphical user interface objects are displayed on touchscreen 604. The displayed graphical user interface objects include an object (e.g., icon) representing a remote control application. At block 1870, data representing a first movement of a rotatable input device is received. In response to the receiving the data representing the first movement, at block 1880, a reduced number (as compared with block 1860) of graphical user interface objects are displayed on touchscreen 604. The displayed graphical user interface objects still include the object representing the remote control application being displayed in a relatively larger size (as compared with block 1860). At block 1890, an additional affordance is displayed. The additional affordance may indicate, for example: (i) whether at least one nearby electronic device is responsive to remote control; (ii) the types and/or number of nearby electronic devices responsive to remote control; (iii) the types and/or number of electronic devices capable of remote control; (iv) the types and/or number of electronic devices capable of remote control and available for registration with device 600; and/or (iv) the types and/or number of electronic devices registered with device 600.

[0251] FIG. 24 depicts exemplary process 2400 that device 600 can perform to control a target device. At block 2410, a plurality of icons representing applications, including an icon representing a remote control application, are displayed. At block 2420, data representing user input is obtained from an input device of device 600. A determination is made that the received data represents a touch at a position of the icon representing the remote control application. At block 2430, a target device that is responsive to remote control is identified from a larger plurality of target devices. At block 2440, a raise gesture is detected based on motion of the electronic device detected by a motion sensor. At block 2450, in response to detecting the raise gesture, an instruction is sent to the target device instructing the target device to perform an operation.

[0252] In some examples, the instruction is an instruction to stop (or pause) an operation on the target device. For example, device 600 may instruct a media player to stop (or pause) playback in response to a raise gesture. In some examples, blocks 2430-2450 are performed only if blocks 2410-2420 are performed, meaning that an electronic device would send remote control instructions only the user has launched the remote control application by touching a corresponding icon. In some examples, blocks 2430-2450 are performed even if blocks 2410-2420 are not performed, meaning that an electronic device may send remote control instructions based on raise gestures even if the user has not launched the remote control application. Techniques for detecting a raise gesture involving an electronic device may include those described in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 62/026,532, “Raise Gesture Detection in a Device,” filed Jul. 18, 2014, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

[0253] FIG. 19 depicts exemplary computing system 1900 that, in some examples, supports device 600. Computing system 1900 has bus 1902 that operatively couples I/O section 1904 with one or more computer processors 1906 and memory 1908. I/O section 1904 can be connected to display 1910, which can have touch-sensitive component 1912 and, optionally, touch-intensity sensitive component 1930. In addition, I/O section 1904 can be connected with communication unit 1918 for receiving application and operating system data, using Wi-Fi, Bluetooth™, near field communication (“NFC”), cellular and/or other wireless communication techniques. Computing system 1900 can include input mechanisms 1914 and/or 1916. Input mechanism 1914 may be a rotatable input device, for example. Input mechanism 1916 may be a button, for example. Computing system 1900 can include various sensors, such as GPS sensor 1920, accelerometer 1922, directional sensor 1924 (e.g., compass), gyroscope 1926, motion sensor 1928, and/or a combination thereof, all of which can be operatively connected to 1/0 section 1904.

[0254] Memory 1908 of computing system 1900 can be a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, for storing computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by one or more computer processors 1906, for example, can cause the computer processors to perform the remote control techniques described above, including processes 1500-1850 (FIGS. 15A-18B) and process 2400 (FIG. 24) . The computer-executable instructions can also be stored and/or transported within any non-transitory computer readable storage medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For purposes of this document, a “non-transitory computer readable storage medium” can be any medium that can tangibly contain or store computer-executable instructions for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. The non-transitory computer readable storage medium can include, but is not limited to, magnetic, optical, and/or semiconductor storages. Examples of such storage include magnetic disks, optical discs based on CD, DVD, or Blu-ray technologies, as well as persistent solid-state memory such as flash, solid-state drives, and the like. Computing system 1900 is not limited to the components and configuration of FIG. 19, but can include other or additional components in multiple configurations.

[0255] FIG. 23 shows exemplary functional blocks of an electronic device 2300 that, in some examples, perform the features described above. As shown in FIG. 23, an electronic device 2300 includes a display unit 2302 configured to display graphical objects; a touch-sensitive surface unit 2304 configured to receive user gestures; one or more sensor units 2306 configured to detect intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive surface unit; and a processing unit 2308 coupled to the display unit 23002, the touch-sensitive surface unit 2304, and the sensor units 2306. In some examples, the processing unit includes a detecting unit 2310, a remote control unit 2312, and a communication unit 2314. The functional blocks of the device 2300 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 23 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein. In some examples, processing unit 2308 is configured to detect a contact (e.g., with the detecting unit 2310), on the touch-sensitive surface unit 2304 over a graphical user interface object; and in response to detecting the contact, instruct a target electronic device to perform an operation. The instruction may be transmitted using communication unit 2314.

[0256] In some examples, processing unit 2308 is configured to detect a contact (e.g., with the detecting unit 2310), on the touch-sensitive surface unit 2304 over a graphical user interface object; and in response to detecting the contact: in accordance with a determination that the contact is below a predefined intensity criteria, perform a first operation (e.g., display a default set of remote control operations) using remote control unit 2312; and in accordance with a determination that the contact is above the predefined intensity criteria, perform a different second operation (e.g., display an alternate set of remote control operations).

[0257] In some examples, processing unit 2308 is configured to detect a contact (e.g., with the detecting unit 2310), on the touch-sensitive surface unit 2304 over a graphical user interface object. In addition, communication unit 2314 is configured to detect nearby target electronic devices. In response to detecting the contact and based on information about nearby target electronic device, device 2300 can display on display unit 2302 a plurality of graphical user interface objects representing the nearby target electronic devices. The on-screen location of the graphical user interface units can reflect the relative location of the nearby target electronic devices with respect to device 2300.

[0258] The availability of components in system 1900, particularly short and long range communication interfaces, may affect the operation of device 600. In some examples, a target electronic device may use a communication protocol not supported by device 600. For example, the target electronic device may support WiFi but not Bluetooth™, while device 600 may support Bluetooth™ but not WiFi. In this situation, device 600 may use an intermediate device that supports both Bluetooth™ and WiFi protocols to communicate with the target electronic device. The intermediate device may be a Bluetooth™ and WiFi-enabled cellular phone, for example.

[0259] FIG. 20 depicts an exemplary communication path between device 600, intermediate device 2002, and target electronic device 2004. Device 600 communicates with intermediate device 2002 using a first communication protocol that may not be supported by target electronic device 2004, and intermediate device 2002 relays that communication to target electronic device 2004 using a second communication protocol that is supported by target electronic device 2004. The reverse communication path may also be supported, meaning that target electronic device 2004 can communicate with device 600 via intermediate device 2002.

[0260] Communications sent to target electronic device 2004 may include instructions that cause the target electronic device to perform an operation. In some examples, intermediate device 2002 relays an instruction from device 600 to target electronic 2004 verbatim. In some examples, intermediate device 2002 processes an instruction from device 600 and creates a corresponding instruction for transmission to target electronic device 2004. In some examples, intermediate device 2002 modifies an instruction from device 600 and transmits the modified instruction to target electronic device 2004. Note, in some examples, the communication path depicted by FIG. 20 can be utilized even if device 600 and target electronic device 2004 support a common communication protocol. In these examples, the communication path depicted in FIG. 20 may be preferred by device 600 because intermediate device 2002 contains data relevant to the remote control operation. Also, in these examples, the datagrams sent by device 600 to intermediate device 2002 need not be identical to the datagrams sent by intermediate device 2002 to target electronic device 2004, meaning that, in “relaying” an instruction, intermediate device 2002 may create a new instruction datagram for transmission to target electronic device 2004 based on an instruction datagram received from device 600.

[0261] In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 25 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 2500 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronic device 2500 are configured to perform the techniques described above. The functional blocks of the device 2500 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 25 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.

[0262] As shown in FIG. 25, an electronic device 2500 includes a touch-sensitive display unit 2502 configured to detect the intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive display unit 2502 and optionally one or more sensor units 2522 and a tactile output unit 2524. The one or more sensor units 2522 may be configured to detect the intensity of contacts, for instance, with the touch-sensitive display 2522 and/or the touch-sensitive display unit 2502 and the tactile output unit 2524 may be configured to provide haptic outputs, for instance, in response to user inputs. The electronic device 250 further may include a processing unit 2504 coupled to the touch-sensitive display unit 2502, the one or more sensor units 2522, and the tactile output unit 2524. In some embodiments the processing unit 2504 includes one or more of a display enabling unit 2506, a receiving unit 2508, a determining unit 2510, an identifying unit 2512, an invoking unit 2514, a sending unit 2516, and a transmitting unit 2518.

[0263] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2504 is configured to: enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2506) of a plurality of icons representing applications, including an icon representing a remote control application; receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2508) a first contact on the touch-sensitive display at a location of the icon; determine (e.g., with the determining unit 2510) whether a target device out of a plurality of target devices is responsive to remote control. The processing unit 2504 is further configured to, in response to the first contact and a determination of the target device being responsive to remote control: enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2506) of a first plurality of remote controls for the target device; while enabling display of the first plurality of remote controls, receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2508) of a second contact on the touch-sensitive display, the second contact having a maximum intensity; in response to receiving the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is below a threshold intensity, instruct the target device to perform an operation; and in response to receiving the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is above the threshold intensity, enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2506) of a second plurality of remote controls for the first target device.

[0264] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2504 is configured to: enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2506) of a user interface object on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device, wherein the displayed user interface object represents a remote control application; receive data (e.g., with the receiving unit 2508) representing a selection on the displayed user interface object; identify (e.g., with the identifying unit 2512) a target device, out of a plurality of target devices, that is responsive to remote control; and in response to receiving the data representing the selection, enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2506) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects for controlling operations of the identified target device.

[0265] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2504 is further configured to: in response to an identification that no target device is responsive to remote control, enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2506) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects representing the plurality of target devices.

[0266] In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive display unit includes one or more sensor units to detect the intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive display, the data representing the selection is a first data, the target device is a first target device. The processing unit is further configured to: receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2508) second data representing a second contact at a location on the touch-sensitive display, the second contact having a maximum intensity above a threshold intensity; and in response to the second contact, invoke (e.g., with the invoking unit 2514) a user interface for registering a second target electronic device with the electronic device.

[0267] In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive display unit includes one or more sensor units to detect the intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive display, the data representing the selection is a first data, the target device is a first target device. Further, the processing unit 2504 is further configured to: receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2508) second data representing a second contact at a location on the touch-sensitive display, the second contact having a maximum intensity below a threshold intensity, the location associated with an operation of the first target device; in response to the second contact, send (e.g., with the sending unit 2516) an instruction to the target device instructing the target device to perform the operation; receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2508) third data representing a third contact on the display, the third contact having a maximum intensity above the threshold intensity; and in response to the third contact, enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2506) of a user interface for registering a second target device with the remote control application.

[0268] In some embodiments, the data representing the selection is a first data. Further, the processing unit 2504 is further configured to: send (e.g., with the sending unit 2516), from the electronic device to an intermediate electronic device, data representing an instruction instructing the target device to perform the operation, and the instruction is communicated by the intermediate electronic device to the target device.

[0269] In some embodiments, the intermediate electronic device is a phone.

[0270] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2504 is configured to identify (e.g., with the identifying unit 2512) a target device by receiving network service information sent by the target device.

[0271] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2504 is configured to identify (e.g., with the identifying unit 2512) the target device by transmitting (e.g., via a transmitting unit 2518) a request message and receiving (e.g., with the receiving unit 2508) an acknowledgement message sent by the target device, wherein the acknowledge message was sent by the target device in response to the request message.

[0272] In some embodiments, the target device is responsive to remote control when the target device is executing an application having an operation that can be requested using the remote control application.

[0273] In some embodiments, the application executing on the target device is executing in the background.

[0274] In some embodiments, the target device is a device other than the electronic device.

[0275] In some embodiments, the plurality of graphical user interface objects includes transport controls.

[0276] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2504 is configured to determine (e.g., with the determining unit 2510) the plurality of graphical user interface objects based on the identified target device.

[0277] In some embodiments, the plurality of graphical user interface objects is shared by the identified target device and at least one other device of the plurality of target devices.

[0278] The operations described above with reference to FIG. 15A are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIG. 1A-1B, 6, 19, 20, or 25. For example, displaying operations 1510, 1540, and 1550; receiving operation 1520; and identifying operation 1530 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally uses or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

[0279] In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 26 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 2600 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronic device 2600 are configured to perform the techniques described above. The functional blocks of the device 2600 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 26 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.

[0280] As shown in FIG. 26, an electronic device 2600 includes a touch-sensitive display unit 2602, and a processing unit 2604 coupled to the touch-sensitive display unit 2602. The processing unit 2604 includes an obtaining unit 2606, a display enabling unit 2608, a receiving unit 2610, and a determining unit 2612.

[0281] The processing unit 2604 is configured to: obtain (e.g., with the obtaining unit 2606) data representing a plurality of target devices; enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2608) of a user interface object representing a remote control application; receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2610) data representing a selection on the displayed user interface object; and determine (e.g., with the determining unit 2612) whether the number of target devices exceeds a threshold; in accordance with a determination that the number exceeds the threshold, enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2608) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects representing categories of target devices, in response to receiving the data, and in accordance with a determination that the number does not exceed the threshold, enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2608) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects representing the plurality of target devices, in response to receiving the data.

[0282] The operations described above with reference to FIG. 16 are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIG. 1A-1B, 6, 19, 20, or 26. For example, obtaining operation 1610; displaying operations 1620, 1650, and 1660; receiving operation 1630; and determining operation 1640 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally uses or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

[0283] In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 27 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 2700 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronic device 2700 are configured to perform the techniques described above. The functional blocks of the device 2700 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 27 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.

[0284] As shown in FIG. 27, an electronic device 2700 includes a touch-sensitive display unit 2702, and a processing unit 2704 coupled to the touch-sensitive display unit 2702. The processing unit 2704 includes a determining unit 2706, and a display enabling unit 2708.

[0285] The processing unit 2704 is configured to: determine (e.g., with determining unit 2706) the location of a target device relative to the electronic device; and enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2708), on the touch-sensitive display unit, of a user interface object representing the target device, the target device is nearby, and the display position of the user interface object, on the touch-sensitive display, is based on the location of the target device relative to the electronic device.

[0286] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2704 is further configured to enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2708) of the user interface object on the top half of the touch-sensitive display unit when the location of the target device is in front of a user of the electronic device.

[0287] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2704 is further configured to determine (e.g., with the determining unit 2706) a distance between the target device and the electronic device and the processing unit is configured to enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2708) of the user interface object at a size that is inversely proportional to the determined distance.

[0288] The operations described above with reference to FIG. 17 are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIG. 1A-1B, 6, 19, 20, or 27. For example, determining operation 1710 and displaying operation 1720 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally uses or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

[0289] In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 28 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 2800 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronic device 2800 are configured to perform the techniques described above. The functional blocks of the device 2800 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 28 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.

[0290] As shown in FIG. 28, an electronic device 2800 includes a touch-sensitive display unit 2802, optionally one or more sensor units 2806 to detect the intensity of contacts, for instance, with the touch-sensitive display, and a processing unit 2804 coupled to the touch-sensitive display unit 2802 and, optionally, the one or more sensor units 2806. The processing unit 2804 includes a display enabling unit 2806, a receiving unit 2808 and a determining unit 2810.

[0291] The processing unit configured to: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2806) of a user interface object on the touch-sensitive display of the electronic device, the displayed user interface object representing a remote control application; receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2808) first data representing a zoom function on the displayed user interface object; and in response to receiving the first data representing the zoom function, enable display of an affordance including indication of nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0292] In some embodiments, the indication indicates a number of nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0293] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2804 is further configured to: receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2808) second data representing a second selection on the displayed affordance including indication of nearby target devices; and in response to receiving the second data representing the second selection, enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2806) of a listing of the nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0294] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2804 is further configured to: receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2808) third data representing selection of a target device from the listing of target devices; and in response to receiving the third data representing the selection of the target device, enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2806) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects for controlling operations of the selected target device.

[0295] In some embodiments, the plurality of graphical user interface objects includes transport controls.

[0296] In some embodiments, the plurality of graphical user interface objects are determined based on the selected target device.

[0297] In some embodiments, the plurality of graphical user interface objects are shared by the selected target device and at least one other device in the listing of target devices.

[0298] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2804 is further configured to: in response to receiving the first data representing the first zoom function, determine (e.g., with the determining unit 2810) a number of nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0299] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2804 is further configured to: in response to a determination that no nearby target device is capable of being remotely controlled, enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2806) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects for controlling operations on the last selected target device.

[0300] In some embodiments, the touch-sensitive display unit includes one or more sensor units (e.g., sensor units 2810) to detect the intensity of contacts with the touch-sensitive display. The processing unit 2804 is further configured to: determine (e.g., with the determining unit 2810) the intensity of the third selection, wherein the third selection is a contact with the touch-sensitive display unit; in response to a determination that the intensity of the third selection is greater than a predetermined threshold: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2806) of a user interface for registering an additional target device capable of being remotely controlled by the remote control application; and in response to a determination that the intensity of the third selection is less than the predetermined threshold: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2806) of the listing of the nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0301] In some embodiments, the processing unit 2804 is further configured to: receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 2808) data representing a fourth selection on the touch-sensitive display, wherein the fourth selection is a contact on the touch-sensitive display; determine (e.g., with the determining unit 2810) the intensity of the fourth selection; and in response to a determination that the intensity of the fourth selection is greater than the predetermined threshold: enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 2806) of a user interface for viewing the settings associated with the remote control application.

[0302] In some embodiments, the nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled include target devices registered with the electronic device.

[0303] In some embodiments, the nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled include target devices responsive to remote control.

[0304] In some embodiments, the nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled include target devices accessible via a wireless communications interface.

[0305] The operations described above with reference to FIG. 18A are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIG. 1A-1B, 6, 19, 20, or 28. For example, displaying operations 1810 and 1830 and receiving operation 1820 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally uses or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

[0306] In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 29 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 2900 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronic device 2900 are configured to perform the techniques described above. The functional blocks of the device 2900 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 29 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.

[0307] As shown in FIG. 29, an electronic device 2900 includes a touch-sensitive display unit 2902, a rotatable input device unit 2904; and a processing unit 2906 coupled to the touch-sensitive display unit 2902 and the rotatable input device unit 2904. The processing unit 2906 includes a display enabling unit 2908 and a receiving unit 2910.

[0308] The processing unit is configured to: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2908) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects, wherein a user interface object of the plurality of graphical user interface objects is an icon representing a remote control application; receive (e.g., with receiving unit 2910) data representing a first movement of the rotatable input device; and in response to receiving the data representing the first movement: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2908) of only a subset of the plurality of graphical user interface objects, the displayed subset of graphical user interface objects includes the icon representing the remote control application, and enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 2908) of an affordance including indication of nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled

[0309] In some embodiments, the affordance indicates a number of nearby target devices capable of being remotely controlled.

[0310] In some embodiments, the affordance is displayed within the icon representing the remote control application.

[0311] The operations described above with reference to FIG. 18B are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIG. 1A-1B, 6, 19, 20, or 29. For example, display operations 1860, 1880, and 1890; and receiving operation 1860 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally uses or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

[0312] In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 30 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 3000 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronic device 3000 are configured to perform the techniques described above. The functional blocks of the device 3000 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 30 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.

[0313] As shown in FIG. 30, an electronic device 3000 includes a touch-sensitive display unit 3002, one or more sensor units 3004 to detect motion of the electronic device; and a processing unit 3006 coupled to the touch-sensitive display unit 3002 and the or more sensor units 3004. The processing unit 3006 includes one or more of an identifying unit 3008, a detecting unit 3010, an instructing unit 3012, a display enabling unit 3014, and a receiving unit 3016.

[0314] The processing unit is configured to: identify (e.g., with the identifying unit 3008) a target device that is responsive to remote control out of a plurality of target devices; detect (e.g., with the detecting unit 3010) a raise gesture based on detected motion of the electronic device; and in response to detecting the raise gesture, instruct (e.g., with the instructing unit 3012) the target device to perform an operation.

[0315] In some embodiments, the processing unit is further configured to: enable display (e.g., with display enabling unit 3014) of a plurality of icons representing applications, including an icon representing a remote control application; and receive (e.g., with receiving unit 3016) a first contact on the touch-sensitive display at a location of the icon, where at least one of identifying the target device that is responsive to remote control and detecting the raise gesture occurs after receiving the first contact.

[0316] In some embodiments, instructing (e.g., with the instructing unit 3012) the target device includes instructing the target device to pause or stop an operation.

[0317] In some embodiments, instructing (e.g., with the instructing unit 3012) the target device includes instructing the target device to pause or stop playback of audio and/or visual content.

[0318] In some embodiments, identifying (e.g., with the identifying unit 3008) the target device that is responsive to remote control includes identifying a target device that performs audio and/or visual playback.

[0319] In some embodiments, identifying (e.g., with the identifying unit 3008) the target device that is responsive to remote control includes identifying a television or a television set-top media playback device.

[0320] In some embodiments, identifying (e.g., with the identifying unit 3008) a target device includes receiving network service information sent by the target device.

[0321] In some embodiments, the processing unit 3010 is further configured to: enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3014) of a plurality of graphical user interface objects for controlling operations of the identified target device.

[0322] The operations described above with reference to FIG. 24 are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIG. 1A-1B, 6, 19, 20, or 30. For example, obtaining operation 1610; displaying operations 1620, 1650, and 1660; receiving operation 1630; and determining operation 1640 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally uses or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

[0323] In accordance with some embodiments, FIG. 31 shows an exemplary functional block diagram of an electronic device 3100 configured in accordance with the principles of the various described embodiments. In accordance with some embodiments, the functional blocks of electronic device 3100 are configured to perform the techniques described above. The functional blocks of the device 3100 are, optionally, implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software to carry out the principles of the various described examples. It is understood by persons of skill in the art that the functional blocks described in FIG. 31 are, optionally, combined or separated into sub-blocks to implement the principles of the various described examples. Therefore, the description herein optionally supports any possible combination or separation or further definition of the functional blocks described herein.

[0324] As shown in FIG. 31, an electronic device 3100 includes a touch-sensitive display unit 3002, one or more sensor units 3004 to detect motion of the electronic device; and a processing unit 3006 coupled to the touch-sensitive display unit 3102 and the or more sensor units 3004. The processing unit 3106 includes one or more of a display enabling unit 3108, a receiving unit 3110, a determining unit 3112, and an instructing unit 3116.

[0325] The processing unit 3106 is configured to display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3108) a plurality of icons representing applications, including an icon representing a remote control application; receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 3110) a first contact on the touch-sensitive display at a location of the icon; determine whether a target device out of a plurality of target devices is responsive to remote control; in response to the first contact and a determination of the target device being responsive to remote control: enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3108) of a first plurality of remote controls for the target device; while enabling display of the first plurality of remote controls, receive (e.g., with the receiving unit 3110) a second contact on the touch-sensitive display, the second contact having a maximum intensity; in response to receiving the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is below a threshold intensity, instruct (e.g., with the instructing unit 3116) the target device to perform an operation; and in response to receiving the second contact and a determination that the maximum intensity is above the threshold intensity, enable display (e.g., with the display enabling unit 3108) of a second plurality of remote controls for the first target device.

[0326] The operations described above with reference to FIG. 15B are, optionally, implemented by components depicted in FIG. 1A-1B, 6, 19, 20, or 30. For example, displaying operations 1565, 1580, 1595; receiving operations 1570 and 1585; determining operation 1575, and instructing operation 1590 are, optionally, implemented by event sorter 170, event recognizer 180, and event handler 190. Event monitor 171 in event sorter 170 detects a contact on touch-sensitive display 112, and event dispatcher module 174 delivers the event information to application 136-1. A respective event recognizer 180 of application 136-1 compares the event information to respective event definitions 186, and determines whether a first contact at a first location on the touch-sensitive surface (or whether rotation of the device) corresponds to a predefined event or sub-event, such as selection of an object on a user interface, or rotation of the device from one orientation to another. When a respective predefined event or sub-event is detected, event recognizer 180 activates an event handler 190 associated with the detection of the event or sub-event. Event handler 190 optionally uses or calls data updater 176 or object updater 177 to update the application internal state 192. In some embodiments, event handler 190 accesses a respective GUI updater 178 to update what is displayed by the application. Similarly, it would be clear to a person having ordinary skill in the art how other processes can be implemented based on the components depicted in FIGS. 1A-1B.

[0327] The foregoing description, for purpose of explanation, has been described with reference to specific embodiments. However, the illustrative discussions above are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise forms disclosed. Many modifications and variations are possible in view of the above teachings. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the techniques and their practical applications. Others skilled in the art are thereby enabled to best utilize the techniques and various embodiments with various modifications as are suited to the particular use contemplated.

[0328] Although the disclosure and examples have been fully described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be noted that various changes and modifications will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Such changes and modifications are to be understood as being included within the scope of the disclosure and examples as defined by the claims.