HELMET IMPACT LINER SYSTEM

[0001] This application is a U.S. Non-Provisional patent application which claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/503,822, filed on Jul. 1, 2011 and titled “Helmet Impact Liner System,” which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0002] Helmets, such as sporting helmets, generally include a shell and a liner. The helmet shell generally provides protection from protruding objects and is often configured to spread the impact load across the footprint of the helmet. The helmet liner is generally made of a softer and lower density material than the helmet shell. The helmet liner is often configured such that, upon impact, the helmet liner at least partially absorbs the impact energy from the force of an impact.

[0003] The present application discloses a helmet, an impact liner system for a helmet, an air channel insert for an impact liner, and an impact liner kit for a helmet.

[0004] For example, in one embodiment, a helmet comprising a helmet shell and an impact liner is disclosed. The impact liner is configured to be installed in the interior of the helmet shell to at least partially line the front, rear, and middle portions of the helmet shell. The impact liner comprises a front impact pad array, a middle impact pad array, and a rear impact pad array. Each impact pad array comprises a plurality of impact pads. The impact liner forms a plurality of air channels between the impact pads of the impact pad arrays when the impact liner is installed in the helmet shell. In certain embodiments, at least one insert is disposed within one or more of the plurality of air channels. The insert generally comprises a body portion having a top and vertical side walls configured to prohibit at least a portion of the air channel from collapsing when the helmet shell is installed on a user's head. Further, the helmet may include a plurality of comfort pads removably attached to the impact liner.

[0005] In another embodiment, an impact liner system is disclosed. The impact liner system comprises an impact liner configured to be installed in the interior of a helmet shell to at least partially line the front, rear, and middle portions of the helmet shell. The impact liner comprises a plurality of impact pads and forms a plurality of air channels between the impact pads when the impact liner is installed in the helmet shell. In certain embodiments, at least one insert is disposed within one or more of the plurality of air channels. The insert generally comprises a body portion having a top and vertical side walls configured to prohibit at least a portion of the air channel from collapsing when the helmet shell is installed on a user's head. Further, the impact liner system may include a plurality of comfort pads configured to be removably attached to the impact liner.

[0006] In yet another embodiment, an impact liner kit for a helmet shell is disclosed. The kit comprises an impact liner and at least one insert. The impact liner is configured to be installed in the interior of a helmet shell and comprises a front impact pad array, a middle impact pad array, and a rear impact pad array. Each impact pad array comprises a plurality of impact pads. The impact liner forms a plurality of air channels between the impact pads of the impact pad arrays when the impact liner is installed in the helmet shell. The at least one insert is configured to be installed within one or more of the plurality of air channels. The insert comprises a body portion having a top and vertical side walls configured to prohibit at least a portion of the air channel from collapsing when the helmet shell is installed on a user's head. In certain embodiments, the kit may include one or more comfort pads configured to be removably attached to the impact liner.

[0016] While the drawings herein are to relative scale, it is within the disclosure of this specification to vary the relative size of components to one another.

[0017] The present application discloses a helmet, an impact liner system for a helmet, an air channel insert for an impact liner, and an impact liner kit for a helmet. In the embodiments disclosed herein, the impact liner system of the present application is described for use with a helmet configured to protect the head of the user. Exemplary helmets may include, but are not limited to, military helmets, sporting helmets, such as football, lacrosse, hockey, multi-sport, cycling, softball, or baseball helmets, or safety helmets, such as industrial or construction helmets.

[0018] The impact liner system of the present application is configured to attach to the interior of the helmet shell and may be positioned between the user's head and the helmet shell. The impact liner system comprises one or more pads that absorb and/or dissipate the impact energy from the force of an impact. The one or more pads may deform or crush upon impact and consume a portion of the impact energy such that it does not reach the user's head. The one or more pads may also dissipate the impact force over a larger surface area than the actual area of impact so that the force per unit area is decreased for the head compared to that for the initial impact surface (e.g., the outer surface of the helmet shell).

[0019] The impact liner system generally comprises an impact liner configured to line the front, rear, and middle portions of the interior of a helmet. The impact liner includes one or more impact pads and air channels for routing external air between the impact pads. Further, the impact liner system may include one or more inserts positioned in the one or more air channels. The impact liner system may also include one or more comfort pads attached to the impact liner, such as, for example, at the front and rear portions of the impact liner.

[0020] FIGS. 1A and 1B illustrates an impact liner 100 of an impact liner system according to an embodiment of the present application. As illustrated, the impact liner 100 includes an array of front impact pads 102, middle impact pads 104, and rear impact pads 106. The impact pad arrays may be configured in a variety of sizes and dimensions to accommodate a range of head sizes. Further, the impact pad arrays may be connected together to form a unitary component of impact pads.

[0021] Each impact pad array comprises one or more impact pads encased in a liner material 108. The liner material 108 holds the impact pads in relative position to one another and also attaches the impact pads together. The impact pads and the liner material 108 are flexible such that the array of impact pads may be formed within the interior of a helmet shell. As such, the impact pad arrays are capable of being folded to substantially conform to the shape of the interior of a helmet shell.

[0022] As illustrated in FIG. 1B, each impact pad array is substantially disposed about a centerline C_L of the impact liner 100. As such, in this embodiment, each impact pad array possesses a geometry on one side of the centerline C_L that is a mirror image of the geometry on the other side of the centerline C_L.

[0023] In certain embodiments, the impact pads of impact liner 100 comprise a flexible and resilient polyurethane foam having an average density between about 3.0 and 12.0 lbs/ft³ and an average thickness between about 0.325 and 1.0 inch. For example, in one embodiment, the impact pads comprise a polyurethane foam having an average density of about 4.0 lbs/ft³ and an average thickness of about 0.5 inches. One example of such a polyurethane foam is Zorbium™ Foam from Team Wendy, LLC. However, the impact pads may comprise a variety of other types of foam or other materials, such as, for example, expanded polypropylene, expanded polystyrene, vinyl nitrile, ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), open or closed cell cross linked foams, and molded polymer structures such as thermoplastic urethane (TPU). Further, any one or more of the impact pads may comprise a different type of material than another impact pad. For example, softer and/or thicker impact pads may be positioned toward the front of the helmet shell and more rigid and/or thinner impact pads may be positioned toward the top and/or rear of the helmet shell.

[0024] In certain embodiments, the liner material 108 comprises a “loop” fabric capable of attaching to the hook portion of a piece of Velcro®. As described below and shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, comfort pads may be attached to the impact liner 100. The comfort pads may include the hook portion of a piece of Velcro® that attaches to the liner material 108. In one embodiment, the liner material 108 comprises a nylon loop fabric from Guilford Performance Textiles. However, the liner material 108 may comprise a variety of other types of materials and fabrics. Further, the liner material 108 may comprise a “hook” fabric capable of attaching to the loop portion of a piece of Velcro®.

[0025] In one embodiment, the liner material 108 comprises a top portion and bottom portion. The top portion of the liner material is heat sealed to the bottom portion around the impact pads such that the impact pads are held in relative position to one another. Further, as described below, the portions of the liner material between one or more of the impact pads may form a portion of an air channel when the impact pads are installed in a helmet shell.

[0026] As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the front impact pad array 102 comprises a first central pad 120, a second central pad 122, a left pad 124, and a right pad 126. As shown, the central pads 120 and 122 of the front impact pad array 102 are rectangular in shape. The middle impact pad array 104 comprises a central pad 140, a left pad 142, and a right pad 144. The rear impact pad array 106 comprises a first central pad 160, a second central pad 162, a left rear pad 164, a left front pad 166, a right rear pad 168, and a right front pad 170. As shown, the first central pad 160 of the rear impact pad array 106 is trapezoidal in shape and the second central pad 162 is rectangular in shape.

[0027] FIG. 2A illustrates the impact liner 100 of the impact liner system in a folded configuration to be installed in a helmet shell. FIGS. 2B and 2C illustrate the impact liner 100 of the impact liner system installed in a helmet shell 200. As shown, the front impact pad array 102 is installed on the front, sides, and top of the helmet shell 200; the middle impact pad array 104 is installed on the sides and top of the helmet shell; and the rear impact pad array 106 is installed on the rear, sides, and top of the helmet shell.

[0028] The impact liner 100 may be installed on the interior of the helmet shell 200 in a variety of ways, such as, for example, with one or more fasteners, adhesive, clips, pins, snaps, tape, buckles, Velcro®, or a hook and loop. For example, in one embodiment, the impact liner 100 is installed with one or more pieces of Velcro® to the interior of the helmet shell 200. In another embodiment, the liner material 108 of the impact liner 100 is attached to the helmet shell 200 by tabs that are bolted or otherwise attached at a chinstrap mounting point, such as, for example, with a bolt that goes through the helmet shell to attach the chinstrap as well as the impact liner to the helmet shell. In another embodiment, the liner material 108 of the impact liner 100 is attached to the helmet shell 200 with snaps, e.g., snaps attached to the front, rear, and central portions of the impact liner.

[0029] As illustrated in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the first central pad 120 of the front impact pad array 102 is installed on the front of the helmet shell 200 and is configured to protect the forehead of the user; the second central pad 122 is installed on the front top portion of the helmet shell and is configured to protect the front portion of the user's head above the forehead; and the left and right pads 124 and 126 are installed on the front left and front right portions of the helmet shell and are configured to protect the front left and front right portions of the user's head.

[0030] As illustrated in FIGS. 1A and 1B, the first central pad 120 of the front impact pad array 102 comprises a curved edge 130 that provides added coverage (e.g., relative to a straight edge) when the first central pad is bent around the front interior radius of the helmet shell 200. Further, the left and right pads 124 and 126 of the front impact array 102 comprise a first curved edge 132 that forms a portion of front air channels 202 when the impact liner 100 is installed in the helmet shell 200. The left and right pads 124 and 126 of the front impact array 202 also comprise a second curved edge 138 configured such that, when the impact liner 100 is installed in the helmet shell 202, the left and right pads do not cover the ears of the user.

[0031] As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the front air channels 202 are formed between the first curved edge 132 of the left and right pads 124 and 126, the longitudinal edges 134 of the central pads 120 and 122, the portion 136 of the liner material 108 between the first central pad 120 and the left and right pads, and the interior of the helmet shell 200. Further, the front air channels 202 have openings 220 at the front of the helmet shell 200. These openings 220 permit external air A to enter the front air channels 202 and permit air from inside the helmet shell 200 to escape to the outside.

[0032] As illustrated in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the central pad 140 of the middle impact pad array 104 is installed on the middle top portion of the helmet shell 200 between the second central pads 122 and 162 of the front and rear impact pad arrays 102 and 106 and is configured to protect the top of the user's head. The left and right pads 142 and 144 of the middle impact pad array 104 are installed on the middle left and middle right portions of the helmet shell 200 and are configured to protect the left and right portions of the user's head above the ears. The left pad 142 of the middle impact pad array 104 is installed between the left pad 124 of the front impact pad array 102 and the left front pad 166 of the rear impact pad array 106. The right pad 144 of the middle impact pad array 104 is installed between the right pad 126 of the front impact pad array 102 and the right front pad 170 of the rear impact pad array 106.

[0033] As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the portion 150 of the liner material 108 between the central pad 140 and left and right pads 142 and 144 of the middle impact pad array 104 form a portion of middle air channels 204 when installed in the helmet shell 200. The middle air channels 204 are formed between edges 152 of the left and right pads 142 and 144, edges 154 of the central pad 140, the portion 150 of the liner material 108 between the central pad and the left and right pads, and the interior of the helmet shell 200. The middle air channels 204 are substantially aligned with the front air channels 202. In one embodiment, when the impact liner 100 is installed in the helmet shell 200, the front and middle air channels 202 and 204 are substantially parallel to a centerline C_L of the folded impact liner 100 (as shown in FIG. 2A).

[0034] Further, as illustrated in FIG. 2A, when the impact liner 100 is installed in the helmet shell 200, the gap between the pads of the middle impact pad array 104 and the pads of the front and rear impact pad arrays 102 and 106 form transverse air channels 206 that are substantially perpendicular to the centerline C_L of the folded impact liner 100. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the transverse air channels 206 are in fluid communication with the front and middle air channels 202 and 204. Further, the transverse air channels 206 have openings 260 above the ear portion of the helmet shell 200. These openings 260 permit external air A to enter the transverse air channels 206 and permit air from inside the helmet shell 200 to escape to the outside.

[0035] As illustrated in FIGS. 2B and 2C, the first central pad 160 of the rear impact pad array 106 is installed on the rear of the helmet shell 200 and is configured to protect the rear of the user's head; the second central pad 162 is installed on the rear top portion of the helmet shell and is configured to protect the rear top portion of the user's head (e.g., the crown of the head); the left and right rear pads 164 and 168 are installed on the rear left and rear right of the helmet shell and are configured to protect the rear left and rear right portions of the user's head; the left front pad 166 is installed on the left and rear left top portions of the helmet shell and is configured to protect the left and rear left top portions of the user's head (e.g., above and behind the user's left ear); and the right front pad 170 is installed on the right and rear right top portions of the helmet shell and is configured to protect the right and rear right top portions of the user's head (e.g., above and behind the user's right ear).

[0036] Further, the left and right front pads 166 and 170 of the rear impact pad array 106 comprise a first curved edge 172 that forms a portion of rear air channels 208 when the impact liner 100 installed in the helmet shell 200. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the rear air channels 208 are formed between the first curved edges 172 of the left and right front pads 166 and 170, the longitudinal edges 174 of the second central pad 162, and the interior of the helmet shell 200. The rear air channels 208 are in fluid communication with the front, middle, and transverse air channels 202, 204, and 206. Further, the left and right front pads 166 and 170 and the left and right rear pads 164 and 168 of the rear impact pad array 106 comprise a second curved edge 176 configured such that, when the impact liner 100 installed in the helmet shell 200, the pads do not cover the ears of the user.

[0037] When the impact liner 100 is installed in the helmet shell 200, the front, middle, and rear impact pad arrays 102, 104, and 106 of the impact liner collectively cover between about 50% and 100% of the interior surface area of a helmet shell. For example, in a preferred embodiment, the front, middle, and rear impact pad arrays 102, 104, and 106 of the impact liner 100 are shaped and configured to cover the interior surface of a military helmet shell to protect the head of the user. Examples of such military helmet shells include a US Army Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH), a US Marine Corp Lightweight Helmet, an Enhanced Combat Helmet (ECH), a Personal Armor System for Ground Troops (PASGT) helmet, or other typical ballistic helmet shells. In one embodiment, the front, middle, and rear impact pad arrays 102, 104, and 106 of the impact liner 100 collectively cover about 80% of the interior surface area of a military helmet shell.

[0038] Further, when the impact liner 100 is installed in a helmet shell 200, the impact liner forms a ventilation system configured to cool the user's head. As illustrated in FIG. 2A, the ventilation system comprises the front, middle, transverse, and rear air channels 202, 204, 206, and 208, which collectively form a network of air channels. Further, gaps between the various pads of the impact pad arrays form air channels that fluidly communicate with the front, middle, transverse, and rear air channels 202, 204, 206, and 208 and form a portion of the network of air channels. The ventilation system is configured such that external air is permitted to flow through front and transverse air channel openings 220 and 260 and throughout the network of air channels. When the user's head is placed against the pads of the impact liner 100, the air in the network of air channels flows over the user's head to cool the user's head. Further, air within the helmet shell 200 (e.g., heated air) is permitted to escape out the front and transverse air channel openings 220 and 260 through the network of air channels.

[0039] FIGS. 2B and 2C illustrate the impact liner 100 of the impact liner system installed in the helmet shell 200 and including air channel inserts 300 according to an embodiment of the present application. As illustrated, the air channel inserts 300 are positioned in the front air channels 202 of the impact liner 100. However, the air channel inserts 300 may be positioned in any one or more of the air channels of the impact liner 100 and at any location within the air channel. Further, the air channel insert 300 may be made of a variety of materials, such as, for example, thermoplastic urethane (TPU), polypropylene, polyethylene, ABS plastic, rubber, or ethylene propylene diene Monomer (M-class) rubber (EPDM). In a preferred embodiment, the air channel insert 300 is an injected molded piece of Texin® TPU.

[0040] The air channel inserts 300 are configured to prohibit at least a portion of the air channels from collapsing when the helmet is installed on the user's head. For example, any one or more edges of an impact pad may collapse into the air channel when the user's head (e.g., the user's forehead) is pressed against the impact pad. The air channel insert 300 is configured with vertical walls that prohibit one or more edges of the impact pads from collapsing into the air channel. As such, the air channel remains open such that air is permitted to flow through the network of air channels of the impact liner 100.

[0041] Openings 302 in the top 304 of the air channel insert 300 permit the air flowing through the air channel insert to flow over the portion of the user's head that is adjacent to the top of the insert. Further, the air channel insert 300 may be flexible, or comprise features that permit the insert to flex, such that it may be bent to conform to the curvature of the interior of the helmet shell 200. Further, portions of the air channel insert 300 may be configured to attach the insert to the impact liner 100 (e.g., to the liner material) and/or to the helmet shell 200.

[0042] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an air channel insert 400 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown, the air channel insert 400 includes a body portion 410 having a top 404 and vertical side walls 406 disposed about a centerline C_L of the insert.

[0043] Openings 402 in the top 404 of the body portion 410 permit the air flowing through the air channel insert 400 to flow over the portion of the user's head that is adjacent to the top of the insert. As illustrated in FIG. 3B, the body portion 410 of the air channel insert 400 may also be curved such that it conforms to the curvature of the interior of the helmet shell 200 and/or the curvature of the impact liner 100. Further, the vertical side walls 406 of the body portion 410 are configured prohibit one or more edges of the impact pads from collapsing into the air channel. As such, the air channel insert 400 is configured to be positioned within an air channel such that the vertical side walls 406 are adjacent one or more edges of the impact pads.

[0044] As illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the body portion 410 of the air channel insert 400 includes a first portion 412 and a second portion 414 connected together by a thin piece of material 416 that acts as a flexible membrane or hinge. The thin piece of material 416 is substantially perpendicular to the centerline C_L of the insert 400. The thin piece of material 416 permits the first portion 412 to move or flex relative to the second portion 414 such that the air channel insert 400 may be bent to conform to the curvature of the interior of the helmet shell 200. In other embodiments, the thin piece of material 416 may be located at a variety of locations on the insert 400. For example, the thin piece of material 416 may be substantially parallel to the centerline C_L of the insert 400 to permit bending of the insert about the centerline.

[0045] Further, attachment members 420, or flanges, extend outward from the body portion 410 of the insert 400. As shown, each attachment member 420 extends substantially perpendicular to the centerline C_L of the insert 400 and includes a slot 422. The slot 422 of each attachment member 420 is substantially perpendicular to the centerline C_L of the insert 400 and substantially aligned with the thin piece of material 416. As such, the slot 422 in each attachment member 420 facilitates bending of the first portion 412 of the insert 400 relative to the second portion 414. Further, a fastener, such as, for example, a screw, rivet, pin, clip, snap, hook and loop, or the like, may be received in the slot 422 to couple the air channel insert 400 to the impact liner 100 and/or the helmet shell 200. The air channel insert 400, such as one or more attachment members 420 of the insert, may also include an indicator to indicate proper positioning of the air channel insert (e.g., an F arrow indicator which indicates the direction toward the front of the helmet).

[0046] As illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the leading and trailing edges 432 and 434 of the top 404 of the air channel insert 400 are rounded to provide more comfort to the user when the insert rests against the user's head and prohibit the edges from catching on or tearing the impact liner 100. However, in other embodiments, the edges 432 and 434 may or may not be rounded. For example, FIGS. 3C and 3D illustrate an air channel insert 450 according to another embodiment of the present application. The air channel insert 450 is similar to the air channel insert 400 shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B. However, the leading and trailing edges 452 and 454 of the top 460 of the air channel insert 450 are not rounded. Further, the top 460 of the air channel insert 450 includes less openings 462 than the top 404 of the air channel insert 400 illustrated in FIGS. 3A and 3B.

[0047] In certain embodiments, an air channel insert may be attached to the liner material of the impact liner. For example, FIG. 4 is a partial bottom view of the front impact pad array 102 of the impact liner 100. As illustrated in this embodiment, air channel inserts 400 are disposed within the front air channels 202 of the impact liner 100. The portions 136 of the liner material 108 that at least partially form the front air channels 202 comprise slits 490 sized and configured to receive the attachment members 420 of the air channel inserts 400. The attachment members 420 of the air channel inserts 400 are inserted through the slits 490 such that the insert is held in place relative to the liner material 108. In some embodiments, a fastener, such as, for example, a screw, rivet, pin, clip, snap, hook and loop, or the like, may be received in one or more slots 422 of the engagement members 420 to couple the air channel inserts 400 to the liner material 108. Further, it is contemplated that an air channel insert may be attached to the liner material 108 in any one or more of the air channels of the impact liner 100 and at any location within the air channel.

[0048] One or more comfort pads may be attached to the impact liner of the impact liner system. In certain embodiments, the comfort pads may be up to about ⅜″ thick. For example, in one embodiment, ⅛″ and/or ¼″ thick comfort pads are attached to the impact liner of the impact liner system. Various sized comfort pads may be used to adjust the sizing and fit of the helmet on the user's head. Further, the comfort pads may be a variety of shapes and sizes and may be positioned and/or configured in a variety of ways to comfort various portions of the user's head.

[0049] The comfort pads may include a soft cushion material, such as a foam, encased in a fabric material. In certain embodiments, the comfort pads comprise a flexible and resilient polyurethane foam having an average density between about 3.0 and 12.0 lbs/ft³. For example, in one embodiment, the comfort pads comprise a polyurethane foam having an average density of 4.0 lbs/ft³ and the thickness of the polyurethane foam is about 0.1875 inch. One example of such a polyurethane foam is Zorbium™ Foam from Team Wendy, LLC. However, the comfort pads may comprise a variety of other types of foam or other materials, such as, for example, expanded polypropylene, expanded polystyrene, vinyl nitrile, and molded polymer structures such as thermoplastic urethane (TPU). Further, any one or more of the comfort pads may comprise a different type of material than another comfort pad.

[0050] The fabric material of the comfort pads may be a variety of fabric materials. For example, in one embodiment, the comfort pads comprise an Ultrasuede® fabric material. Further, the comfort pads may be water resistant. For example, the comfort pads may include a wicking fabric, such as polyester, nylon, or spandex. In one embodiment, the wicking fabric is GameTime Antimicrobial Wicking Fabric. In other embodiments, however, the comfort pads are moisture absorbent to absorb perspiration from the user's head. Further, in certain embodiments, the comfort pads comprise a fabric material only and do not include a foam portion.

[0051] The comfort pads are configured to be removably attached to the impact liner. For example, in one embodiment, the comfort pads are removably attached to the liner material of the impact liner with Velcro®. As described above, the comfort pads may include the hook portion of a piece of Velcro® that attaches to a loop fabric of the liner material. However, a variety of other methods of attachment may be used, such as, for example, with one or more fasteners, adhesive, clips, pins, snaps, tape, or buckles.

[0052] FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary set of comfort pads 500 and air channel inserts 400 that may be arranged and sold as a kit for a helmet shell. For example, in certain embodiments, an impact liner kit for a helmet shell comprises the impact liner 100, at least one air channel insert (e.g., insert 300, 400, or 450), and a plurality of comfort pads 500. The impact liner 100 is configured to be installed in the interior of the helmet shell to at least partially line the front, rear, and middle portions of the helmet shell. The at least one air channel insert is configured to be installed within one or more of the plurality of air channels formed by the impact liner 100. The plurality of comfort pads 500 are configured to be removably attached to the impact liner 100. As illustrated in FIG. 5, the set of comfort pads 500 comprises a front comfort pad 502, a rear comfort pad 504, left and right comfort pads 508, and a plurality of central comfort pads 506. Further, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7 and described below, the impact liner kit may be used with a variety of different helmet shells, such as, for example, a US Army Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH), a US Marine Corp Lightweight Helmet, an Enhanced Combat Helmet (ECH), a Personal Armor System for Ground Troops (PASGT) helmet, or other typical ballistic helmet shells.

[0053] FIGS. 6 and 7 illustrate impact liner systems 600 and 700 according to embodiments of the present application. The impact liner system 600 shown in FIG. 6 comprises the impact liner 100 installed in an Advanced Combat Helmet (ACH) shell 610, one or more comfort pads 500 removably attached to the impact liner, and air channel inserts 450 disposed within air channels of the impact liner. The impact liner system 700 shown in FIG. 7 comprises the impact liner 100 installed in an Advanced Combat Helmet high cut shell 710, one or more comfort pads 500 removably attached to the impact liner, and air channel inserts 450 disposed within air channels of the impact liner.

[0054] As illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the impact liner systems 600 and 700 comprise a front comfort pad 502, a rear comfort pad 504, left and right side comfort pads 508, and central comfort pads 506. The comfort pads of the impact liner systems 600 and 700 may be various sizes to adjust the sizing and fit of the helmet shell 610 and 710 on the user's head. Further, the comfort pads may be a variety of other shapes and sizes and may be positioned and/or configured in a variety of ways to comfort various portions of the user's head.

[0055] As illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the front comfort pad 502 is removably attached to the impact pads of the front impact pad array 102 and extends across the front and front side portions of the helmet shell 610. The front comfort pad 502 is positioned to provide comfort across the user's forehead and temples. The rear comfort pad 504 is removably attached to the impact pads of the rear impact pad array 106 and extends across the rear and rear side portions of the helmet shell 610. The rear comfort pad 504 is positioned to provide comfort across the rear and rear sides of the user's head (e.g., behind the user's ears). The right and left side comfort pads 508 are removably attached to the impact pads of the middle and rear impact pad arrays 104 and 106 and extend along the side portions of the helmet shell 610. The side comfort pads 508 are positioned to provide comfort along the right and left sides of the user's head (e.g., above the user's ears). The central comfort pads 506 are removably attached to the impact pads of the front and rear impact pad arrays 102 and 106 and along the central portion of the helmet shell 610. The central comfort pads 506 are positioned to provide comfort to the top of the user's head. In other embodiments, one or more central comfort pads 506 may also be attached to the impact pads of the middle impact pad array 104.

[0056] When the impact liner 100 is installed in the helmet shell 610 and 710, the impact liner forms a ventilation system configured to cool the user's head. For example, as illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the impact liner 100 comprises a plurality of front, middle, rear, and transverse air channels which collectively form a network of air channels. As shown, front air channels are formed between the impact pads 120, 122, 124, and 126 of the front impact pad array 102, middle air channels are formed between the impact pads 140, 142, 144 of the middle impact pad array 104, and rear air channels are formed between the impact pads 162, 166, and 170 of the rear impact pad array 106. Further, transverse air channels are formed between the impact pads 140, 142, 144 of the middle impact pad array 104, the impact pads 122, 124, and 126 of the front impact pad array 102, and the impact pads 162, 166, and 170 of the rear impact pad array 106. Still further, gaps between the various impact pads of the impact pad arrays 102, 104, 106 form air channels that fluidly communicate with the front, middle, rear, and transverse air channels and form a portion of the network of air channels.

[0057] As illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the ventilation system is configured such that air A is permitted to flow in and out of the front and transverse air channel openings and throughout the network of air channels. When the user's head is placed against the impact pads of the impact liner 100 and/or the comfort pads, the air A in the network of air channels flows over the user's head to cool the user's head. Further, air A that is within the helmet shell 610 (e.g., heated air) is permitted to escape out the front and transverse air channel openings through the network of air channels.

[0058] As illustrated in FIGS. 6 and 7, the air channel inserts 450 are disposed in two front air channels, a right side transverse air channel, and a left side transverse air channel of the impact liner 100. The air channel inserts 450 are also positioned adjacent the openings of the air channels. Further, the front comfort pad 502 and side comfort pads 508 at least partially cover the top of the air channel inserts 450. As such, the top of the air channel inserts 450 prohibit the front and side comfort pads 502 and 508 from being pressed into the air channels and at least partially blocking the flow of air A through the network of air channels. For example, the forehead of the user may press against the front comfort pad 502, or the side of the user's head may press against the side comfort pads 508, and push a portion of the pad into the air channel. It is contemplated that the air channel inserts 450 may be positioned and configured in a variety of ways to prohibit at least a portion of any one or more of the comfort pads 500 from blocking an air channel.

[0059] As described herein, when one or more components are described as being connected, joined, affixed, coupled, attached, or otherwise interconnected, such interconnection may be direct as between the components or may be in direct such as through the use of one or more intermediary components. Also as described herein, reference to a “member,” “component,” or “portion” shall not be limited to a single structural member, component, or element but can include an assembly of components, members or elements.

[0060] While the present invention has been illustrated by the description of embodiments thereof, and while the embodiments have been described in considerable detail, it is not the intention of the applicants to restrict or in any way limit the scope of the invention to such details. Additional advantages and modifications will readily appear to those skilled in the art. For example, component geometries, shapes, and dimensions can be modified without changing the overall role or function of the components. Therefore, the inventive concept, in its broader aspects, is not limited to the specific details, the representative device, and illustrative examples shown and described. Accordingly, departures may be made from such details without departing from the spirit or scope of the applicant's general inventive concept.

[0061] While various inventive aspects, concepts and features of the inventions may be described and illustrated herein as embodied in combination in the exemplary embodiments, these various aspects, concepts and features may be used in many alternative embodiments, either individually or in various combinations and sub-combinations thereof. Unless expressly excluded herein all such combinations and sub-combinations are intended to be within the scope of the present inventions. Still further, while various alternative embodiments as to the various aspects, concepts and features of the inventions—such as alternative materials, structures, configurations, methods, devices and components, alternatives as to form, fit and function, and so on—may be described herein, such descriptions are not intended to be a complete or exhaustive list of available alternative embodiments, whether presently known or later developed. Those skilled in the art may readily adopt one or more of the inventive aspects, concepts or features into additional embodiments and uses within the scope of the present inventions even if such embodiments are not expressly disclosed herein. Additionally, even though some features, concepts or aspects of the inventions may be described herein as being a preferred arrangement or method, such description is not intended to suggest that such feature is required or necessary unless expressly so stated. Still further, exemplary or representative values and ranges may be included to assist in understanding the present disclosure, however, such values and ranges are not to be construed in a limiting sense and are intended to be critical values or ranges only if so expressly stated. Moreover, while various aspects, features and concepts may be expressly identified herein as being inventive or forming part of an invention, such identification is not intended to be exclusive, but rather there may be inventive aspects, concepts and features that are fully described herein without being expressly identified as such or as part of a specific invention, the inventions instead being set forth in the appended claims. Descriptions of exemplary methods or processes are not limited to inclusion of all steps as being required in all cases, nor is the order that the steps are presented to be construed as required or necessary unless expressly so stated.