Network server platform (NSP) for a hybrid coaxial/twisted pair local loop network service architecture

[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,582 filed Dec. 31, 1997.

[0002] The invention relates generally to enhanced communication systems and, more particularly, to a network server platform (NSP) for providing services to telecommunications and cable service subscribers in a Hybrid Coaxial/Twisted Pair (HCTP) local loop network service architecture.

[0003] As deregulation of the telephone industry continues and as companies prepare to enter the local telephone access market, there is a need to offer new and innovative, high bandwidth services that distinguish common carriers from their competitors. This cannot be accomplished without introducing new local access network architectures that will be able to support these new and innovative services.

[0004] Conventionally, customer premises telephone and/or data connections contain splitters for separating analog voice calls from other data services such as Ethernet transported over digital subscriber line (DSL) modems. Voice band data and voice signals are sent through a communications switch in a central or local office to an interexchange carrier or Internet service provider. DSL data is sent through a digital subscriber loop asynchronous mode (DSLAM) switch which may include a router. The DSLAM switch connects many lines and routes the digital data to a telephone company's digital switch.

[0005] A major problem with this configuration is that interexchange carriers attempting to penetrate the local telephone company's territory must lease trunk lines from the local telephone company switch to the interexchange carrier company's network for digital traffic. Furthermore, the Internet service provider must lease a modem from the local phone company in the DSLAM switch and route its data through the local phone company's digital switch. Using the leased trunk, the interexchange carrier may bypass the local telephone company. However, the local phone company leases and/or provides a significant amount of equipment, driving up the cost of entry for any other company trying to provide local telephone services and making it difficult for the interexchange companies to differentiate their services. Furthermore, since DSL modem technology is not standardized, in order to ensure compatibility, the type of DSL modem provided by the local telephone company must also be provided to the end user in the customer premises equipment (CPE). Additionally, since the network is not controlled by the interexchange companies, it is difficult for the interexchange companies to provide data at committed delivery rates. Any performance improvements implemented by the interexchange companies may not be realized by their customers, because the capabilities of the local telephone company equipment may or may not meet their performance needs and/or desired quality levels. Thus, it is difficult for the interexchange companies to convince potential customers to switch to their equipment or to use their services. These factors ensure the continued market presence of the local telephone company.

[0006] Another opportunity to bypass the local telephone company is for the interexchange carrier to employ wireless means of reaching the local telecommunications service subscriber. In copending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/001,363, filed Dec. 31, 1997, it was suggested to provide a wireless integrated service director for communicating with wireless subscriber apparatus. Also, from other U.S. Patent Applications, for example, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/783,388, filed Jan. 13, 1997, it is known to provide satellite or other wireless connections directly to the local subscriber, thus bypassing the local network and the local telephone company.

[0007] Yet another opportunity for bypassing the local telephone company is the provision of telecommunications services over known coaxial cable or hybrid optical fiber coaxial cable television transmission systems utilizing cable television spectrum in the downstream (toward the subscriber) and upstream (toward the cable television headend) paths for such services. For example, Times Wagner has been experimenting with the provision of telecommunications services to and among cable television service subscribers in various geographic regions of the country with marginal success.

[0008] As part of this system, there is a need for improved architectures, services and equipment utilized to distinguish the interexchange companies' products and services. Current local access network topologies suffer from major drawbacks which limit their applications and their ability to expand with changing technology. Interexchange companies are restricted by the current infrastructure and are limited in the number and variety of new and enhanced services that can be offered to end users. In the expansion of new services, end users desire a seamless connection to the numerous disparate networks in order to access the multiplicity if services that these networks have to offer. A part of this process is the opportunity to provide integrated cable television, telecommunication and wireless services by a single service provider, preferably the interexchange (IXC) company.

[0009] In order to provide an improved network, it is desirable for the interexchange companies to have access to at least one of the twisted-pair lines, coaxial cable, hybrid fiber facilities with either twisted pair or coaxial cable or alternate wireless facility connecting each of the individual users to the local cable television or toll telephone or hybrid network before the lines are routed through the conventional local telephone network equipment. It is preferable to have access to these lines prior to any modem or switching technology offered by the local telephone service providers. By having access to the twisted-pair wires or coaxial cable or hybrid facilities entering or leading to the customer's premises, interexchange companies can differentiate their services by providing higher bandwidth, improving the capabilities of the customer premises equipment, and lowering overall system costs to the customer by providing competitive service alternatives.

[0010] A new architecture for providing such services may utilize a video phone and/or other devices to provide new services to an end user; a residence gateway which may be an integrated residence gateway (IRG) disposed near the customer's premises for multiplexing and coordinating many digital services onto a single twisted-pair line or coaxial cable (or both); a cable facilities management platform (C-FMP) disposed remote from or in the local telephone network's central office, the subscriber loop or the coaxial cable distribution plant for routing data to an appropriate interexchange company network; and a network server platform (NSP) coupled to the C-FMP for providing new and innovative services to the customer and for distinguishing services provided by the interexchange companies from those services provided by the local telephone network.

[0011] In particular, the network server platform is a system management server for controlling subscriber access to a plurality of local access networks which may comprise wireless, twisted pair, coaxial cable or hybrid fiber twisted pair or coaxial cable signal distribution and collection systems. The network server platform performs several functions including but not limited to authorizing subscriber network access, routing communications to and from the subscriber, subscriber database management and operations, administration, maintenance and provisioning (OAM&P) support.

[0012] As part of this system, one aspect of the invention provides a network server platform forming part of a new local loop network architecture designed to overcome the limitations of current art local access loop technologies. This invention allows end users to seamlessly connect to the numerous disparate networks in order to access the multiplicity of services that these networks have to offer. The network server platform allows interconnection between networks with varying networking protocols.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, the interexchange carrier may obtain access to the coaxial cable feeding subscribers to existing cable television services, for example, at a subscriber tap or after a fiber/coaxial cable hub or node in a hybrid fiber coaxial cable television distribution plant. The interexchange carrier may ultimately provide services via the optical fiber leaving the cable television headend. The interexchange companies may also obtain access to a single twisted pair of a twisted pair cable for providing telecommunication services. The cable television set top terminal may comprise a telecommunications apparatus or a separate cable modem connected intelligent terminal may provide such services as plain old telephone services, high speed Internet services, video conference services, directory services, cable television services, multimedia services or other digital services depending on subscriber requirements and capabilities.

[0014] The network server platform is a key component of the new architecture and interacts to allow for easy and seamless integration with network components on both the local access level as well as the core network. The network server platform offers external networking capabilities to the local access network. As a result, the local access network preferably is coupled in real time with the network server platform. The network server platform provides subscribers or end users the capabilities to access services from a multiplicity of disparate networks offering a variety of services. Accordingly, the new architectural concept may permit the NSP to serve both the cable television coaxial cable and a telephone twisted pair network such that interexchange carriers become the service provider for different information services to, for example, cable subscribers and telecommunication subscribers. The NSP provides as intelligent database of information about a subscriber referred to herein as a subscriber profile and collects subscriber usage and preference data useful in automatically determining a subscriber's equipment, service and information needs and meeting those needs. The telephone companies or interexchange carriers may control the network services that are provided and would essentially become a service provider by providing different information content services equally between the cable company and the xDSL/cable modem pools. Thus, the telephone company or interexchange carriers may be the single service provider of content.

[0015] These and other features of the present invention may be understood from the following detailed description of the system architecture and a method of meeting subscriber needs.

[0016] The foregoing summary of the invention, as well as the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, is better understood when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are included by way of example, and not by way of limitation with regard to the claimed invention.

[0017] FIG. 1A illustrates an embodiment of a hybrid fiber twisted pair local loop architecture.

[0018] FIG. 1B illustrates alternative arrangements wherein an interexchange carrier may access a subscriber premises via an inter-exchange carrier owned or another cable television company.

[0019] FIG. 1C illustrates an embodiment of FIG. 1B where an integrated residence gateway and coaxial cable facilities management platform (C-FMP) provide enhanced residence services via hybrid fiber coaxial cable distribution plant access.

[0020] FIG. 1D illustrates an embodiment of a hybrid fiber coaxial cable local loop architecture that shows when the C-FMP may connect within the architecture of FIG. 1B or FIG. 1C.

[0021] FIG. 1E illustrates an expanded view of a residence architecture for enhanced CATV/telephony services.

[0022] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an integrated residence gateway consistent with the architecture shown in FIGS. 1A and 11B.

[0023] FIGS. 3A and 3B illustrate an embodiment of a video phone consistent with the architecture shown in FIG. 1.

[0024] FIG. 4A is a block diagram of an embodiment of a facilities management platform consistent with the architecture shown in FIG. 1.

[0025] FIG. 4B illustrates a block diagram of an embodiment of a network server platform consistent with the architecture shown in FIG. 1.

[0026] FIG. 5 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the ISD/IRG.

[0027] FIGS. 6A and 6B are block diagrams of various frame structures which may be used to communicate between the ISD/IRG and the FMP/C-FMP.

[0028] FIGS. 7A and 7B are examples of one signaling structure which may be used to initiate a call.

[0029] FIGS. 8-10 are various embodiments of the ISD/IRG.

[0030] FIG. 11 is an example of one protocol stack for use with the ISD.

[0031] FIG. 12 is a one exemplary embodiment of a form factor for the ISD/IRG.

[0032] FIG. 13 is an exemplary embodiment of a local house network using the ISD/IRG.

[0033] FIGS. 14, 15A, 15B show various implementations of tunneling for use with the ISD.

[0034] FIG. 16 provide an exemplary subscriber profile database of a network server platform and exemplary contents for providing enhanced and integrated equipment/services.

[0035] FIG. 17 is a flowchart of a method of utilizing the subscriber profile of FIG. 16, maintaining the profile, collecting subscriber usage data and meeting the service, equipment and information needs of the subscriber.

[0036] Referring to FIG. 1A, a first exemplary communication network architecture employing a hybrid fiber, twisted-pair (HFTP) local loop 1 architecture is shown. This network and an intelligent service director controlled set-top box are already described by U.S. patent application Ser. Nos. 09/001,359 and 09/001,424 filed Dec. 31, 1997, whose contents should be deemed to be incorporated by reference as to their entire contents. Those descriptions are repeated here in summary form by way of introduction to a related and potentially overlapping or integrated architecture which will be described with reference to FIGS. 1B-1E. Similar reference numerals are used throughout to denote similar elements.

[0037] According to FIG. 1A, an intelligent services director (ISD) 22 may be coupled to a telephone central office 34 via a twisted-pair wire, hybrid fiber interconnection, wireless and/or other customer connection 30, a connector block 26, and/or a main distribution frame (MDF) 28. Referring briefly to FIG. 1B, and according to the present invention, the ISD 22 is replaced by either a residential gateway 22-2 (when an interexchange carrier (IXC) partners with a cable television service provider) or an integrated residential gateway 22-1 (when an interexchange carrier is integrated with the cable television service provider. FIG. 1B further shows other cable operators distribution infrastructure 70 or IXC owned infrastructure 74 connected to a CATV headend infrastructure 68 which may include an inter-exchange carrier coaxial Cable Facilities Management Platform 32-1. Per FIG. 1B, the CATV headend 68 is in turn connected to a backhaul SONET ring 42 and to various alternative service networks including but not limited to IXC SS-7 based services 44, interspan, frame relay services 48 (to corporate intranets 62), and via frame relay 48, Internet service cloud 50 or IXC core network 60 to electronic commerce vendors 64.

[0038] Wireless communication in FIG. 1A may be via land-based intelligent base stations or by satellite. The ISD 22 and the telephone central or local office 34 may communicate with each other using, for example, framed, time division, frequency-division, synchronous, asynchronous and/or spread spectrum formats, but in exemplary embodiments uses DSL modem technology. The central office 34 preferably includes a facilities management platform (FMP) 32 for processing data exchanged across the customer connection 30. The FMP 32 may be configured to separate the plain old telephone service (POTS) from the remainder of the data on the customer connection 30 using a xDSL modem (shown in FIG. 4A), for example, a tethered virtual radio channel (TVRC) modem. The remaining data may be output to a high speed backbone network (e.g., a fiber-optic network) such as an asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) switching network. The analog POTS data may be output directly to a public switch telephone network (PSTN) 46, and/or it may be digitized, routed through the high speed backbone network, and then output to the PSTN 46.

[0039] As will be discussed in connection with FIGS. 1B-1E, an alternative or integrated way of reaching subscriber 10 to hybrid fiber/twisted pair facilities is via hybrid fiber/coaxial cable facilities of a cable television service provider. In yet even further alternatives may include hybrid coaxial/twisted pair and/or hybrid fiber/coaxial/twisted pair facilities or even wireless facilities. Such arrangements may bypass the local subscriber loop, local cable companies and even the local telephone switching central office or wire center 34 altogether. There are several varieties of hybrid fiber coaxial cable distribution facilities. In one embodiment, fiber is provided to the curb; that is, fiber reaches the subscriber tap where from the tap, coaxial cable is dropped or provided via an underground pedestal to the customer premises. In another embodiment, fiber reaches an active amplifier chain for providing downstream services to several thousand subscribers. In yet another embodiment, fiber reaches a plurality of microcells of customer premises which can be served by passive (rather than active) devices. Referring briefly to FIGS. 1-C and 1-D, a cable facilities management platform (C-FMP) 32-1, 32-2, 32-3, in such an alternative, may be located at the telephone central office, a cable television headend (as per FIG. 1-B) or in the cable television signal distribution plant, for example, at a fiber/coax node or hub.

[0040] Referring again to FIG. 1A, the FMP 32 may process data and/or analog/digitized voice between customer premise equipment (CPE) 10 and any number of networks. For example, the FMP 32 may be interconnected with a synchronous optical network (SONET) 42 for interconnection to any number of additional networks such as an InterSpan backbone 48, the PSTN 46, a public switch switching network (e.g. call setup SS7-type network 44), and/or a network server platform (NSP) 36. Alternatively, the FMP 32 may be directly connected to any of these networks. One or more FMPs 32 may be connected directly to the high speed backbone network (e.g., direct fiber connection with the SONET network 42) or they may be linked via a trunk line (e.g., trunks 40 or 42) to one or more additional networks. Similarly, referring to FIG. 1C, remote FMP 32-2, C-FMP 32-1 and a network server platform 36 are connected to SONET, for example, an OC48 ring 42 with ports 40 for connection to telephony out-of-band signaling SS7 network 44, ATM cloud 76 or Internet network 78, frame relay networks, interworked networks or other networks (not shown).

[0041] In either FIG. 1A or FIG. 1C, the network server platform (NSP) 36 may provide a massive cache storage for various information that may be provided across the SONET net 42 to the FMP 32 of C-FMP 32-1 and out to the ISD 22 (FIG. 1A) or residential gateways 22-1 or 22-2 (FIG. 1-B). The NSP 36 and the FMP 32 or C-FMP 32-1 may collectively define an access network server complex 38. The NSP 36 may be interconnected with multiple FMPs or CFMP's 32. Furthermore, each FMP/C-FMP 32 may interconnect with one or more ISDs 22 or IRGs. The NSP 36 may be located anywhere but is preferably located in a point-of-presence (POP) facility. The NSP 36 may further act as a gateway to, for example, any number of additional services, including integrated billing services for an interexchange carrier, a cable television service provider or an entity providing telephone, Internet, cable television and enhanced services, according to the present invention.

[0042] Thus, in accordance with the present invention, the NSP 36 may have the ability to serve both a cable television system and a telecommunication network. As shown in FIGS. 1A-1D, the ISD 22 or IRG 22-1 may be connected to FMP 32 or C-FMP 32-1. In the case of telecommunication services, for example, via a DSL modem pools, twisted pair cables as shown in FIG. 1A may provide, for example, the connectivity from the ISD 22 to the FMP 32. Similarly voice communication, Internet communication, Intranet communication or any other such suitable communication services may be provided via the NSP, in accordance with the present invention. Accordingly, as further described in U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001, 582 entitled A Network Server Platform for a Hybrid Fiber Twisted Pair Local Loop Network Service Architecture, incorporated herein by reference, the NSP 36 may provide telecommunication services via twisted pair facilities. The present invention permits the NSP 36 to further by pass the local service provider by way of coaxial facilities and wireless services. Thus, for example, the NSP 36 may serve cable television subscribers via coaxial facilities and any suitable telecommunication services by way of a wireless connection such that a single service provider may provide services to both cable and telecommunication service subscribers. As shown in FIGS. 1B-1C, the IRG 22-1 may be connected to a C-FMP 32-1 via a coaxial cable. The coaxial cable may be a hybrid fiber/coaxial cable or may be a hybrid twisted pair/coaxial cable or a hybrid fiber/twisted pair/coaxial cable connected to the ISD 22 and/or the IRG 22-1 respectively. Where a coaxial connection is provided between the CPE 10 and access network server complex 38, the NSP 36 may provide cable services to the subscribers. Thus, as stated earlier, the architectural concept of the present invention may permit the NSP 36 to provide services to both cable subscribers and telecommunication service subscribers. The interexchange carrier or the telephone company, for example, may provide all such services to subscribers providing competitive options over existing service providers. The interexchange companies may provide such services on an equal basis to wireless, and television service subscribers and thus becoming a single service provider of the information content for its subscribers. Accordingly the interexchange company, for example, may provide a variety of such services on an equal basis to its subscribers independent of how the user actually receives the services down to subscriber's home. The subscriber may select any number of delivery mechanisms, for example, wireless, telecommunication and cable television modems for the variety of services available.

[0043] The ISD 22 or IRG 22-1 (FIGS. 1C, 1E) may be interconnected to various devices such as a videophone 130, other digital phones 18, set-top devices (not shown), computers 14, and/or other devices 15, 16 comprising the customer premise equipment 10. As per FIGS. 1C and 1D, the ISD or IRG 22-1 are connected to a coaxial cable or a hybrid fiber coaxial cable facility via a tap 60 which taps off signal and power from a feeder supplying many residences or businesses. Per FIG. 1E, the IRG 22-1 is shown coupled with a plurality of analog lines 15-1 to 15-4 to a business data services interface 17, for example, a set of V. 35 interfaces, for providing various digital bandwidth services such as an 56 Kbps service 17-1, 64 Kbps service 17-2, ISDN service 17-3 and Ti (1.544 Megabps service) 17-4. An Ethernet link serves an Ethernet telephone 18-1 and the user's personal computer local area network including PC 14-1 provided via telephone house wiring. The user's television 19-1 and other coaxial cable fed devices are connected to CATV and enhanced services via in-house coaxial cable.

[0044] The customer premise equipment 10 may individually or collectively serve as a local network computer at the customer site. Application applets may be downloaded from the NSP 36 into some or all of the individual devices within the customer premise equipment 10. Where applets are provided by the NSP 36, the programming of the applets may be updated such that the applets are continually configured to the latest software version by the interexchange carrier. In this way, the CPE 10 may be kept up to date by simply re-loading updated applets. In addition, certain applets may be resident on any of the CPE 10. These resident applets may be periodically reinitialzed by simply sending a request from, for example, a digital phone 18 and/or a videophone 130 to the FMP 32 or C-FMP 32-1 and thereafter to the NSP 36 for reinitialization and downloading of new applets. To ensure widespread availability of the new features made possible by the present architecture, the customer premise equipment 10 may be provided to end users either at a subsidized cost or given away for free, with the cost of the equipment being amortized over the services sold to the user through the equipment.

[0045] Referring to FIG. 1D, similar reference characters are utilized to denote similar elements. While a house is depicted, any customer premises is intended, for example, a personal residence, a multiple dwelling unit or a small or large business premises. In many such situations, the intelligent services director (ISD) 22 or integrated residence gateway 22-1 introduced above may be mounted to the side of the premises, in an accessible wire closet inside the premises or in the basement among other places discussed herein. In a cable television arrangement, facility 30 coupling tap 60 to a premises is typically a coaxial cable or may comprise a CommScope or other cable manufacturer headend cable that comprises both coaxial cable and twisted pairs, for example, the CommScope 3-22 which provides three 22 gauge audio pair in addition to a coaxial cable television drop. Power also may be fed down the drop to power the ISD 22. Likewise the facility from node 61 to tap 60 may comprise such a coaxial cable facility or, in a fiber to the curb arrangement, may comprise optical fiber. Similarly, the facility linking hub 62 and node 61 may comprise an optical fiber or a coaxial cable. In a hybrid fiber coaxial cable arrangement the facility connecting headend 63 and hub 62 is typically an optical fiber and in a conventional cable television system comprises a coaxial cable.

[0046] As shown in FIG. 1D, the C-FMP 32-1 may be connected to a node 61 of a hybrid fiber coaxial cable plant typically with coaxial cable in and out of the node and where active amplifier or passive devices are provided for providing service to downstream subscribers. A C-FMP 32-2 may be connected to a hub 62 of a hybrid fiber coaxial cable television plant where the fiber typically terminates and the coaxial cable link to a plurality of subscribers (not shown) begins. Also, a C-FMP 32-3 is shown coupled to the cable television headend 63 where cable television service for a geographic region over a hybrid fiber coaxial cable or pure coaxial cable facility originates. If the C-FMP 32 is not located at the headend, hub, or node, the facility between the C-FMP 32 and these may comprise an DSL twisted pair facility in one embodiment shown or a coaxial cable or optical fiber in another embodiment.

[0047] A known coaxial cable television tap 60 is shown where 1, 2, 4 or up to 8 subscriber drop cables tie in to the coaxial cable serving downstream subscribers. Tap 60 comprises a directional coupler for permitting a subscriber to tap into the main downstream coaxial cable to receive service. When a tap is being serviced or repaired, the downstream service is typically interrupted for the duration of the service or repair. It is a principle of the present invention to design the tap or the service so that lifeline support may be provided to a customer over a coaxial cable facility. Such a scenario means that both service and power for powering a subscriber telephone device may not be interrupted. The tap may be provided, for example, with a redundant switchable coupler such that one, when taken out-of-service may leave the other redundant coupler in service and power pass-through to downstream subscribers.

[0048] Power in a cable television system is typically provided for powering active amplification devices. Set top terminals are typically powered from AC power lines within the premises. The downstream cable television power is typically 90 V AC. In telephony, the line power is typically 48 volts DC. Thus there is a difference between telephone and cable television power services. Furthermore, the tap and drop cable for television service may be over the same strand or a different strand and may enter the premises in a different entry way than the drop wire for telephone. House wiring systems of coaxial cable in cable television and twisted pair for telephony may be totally different and are completely within the control of the subscriber, the television service provider and/or the telephone service provider. These differences must be accounted for in design of a particular premises installation.

[0049] Referring to FIG. 2, there is shown an integrated residence gateway 22 which is very similar to an intelligent service director 22 discussed in earlier U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,424, filed Dec. 31, 1997. The IRG 22 may connect with a variety of devices including analog and digital voice telephones 15, 18; digital videophones 130, devices for monitoring home security, meter reading devices (not shown), utilities devices/energy management facilities (not shown), facsimile devices 16, digital audio devices via audio interface 122, personal computers 14, cable television set top devices 131 and/or other digital or analog devices. Some or all of these devices may be connected with the IRG 22 via any suitable mechanism such as a single and/or multiple twisted-pair wires, in-premises coaxial cable and/or a wireless connection. For example, a number of digital devices may be multi-dropped on a single twisted-pair (to FMP) or coaxial cable (to C-FMP) connection. Similarly, analog phones and other analog devices may be multi-dropped using conventional techniques. Settop cable television terminals 131 or personal computers utilizing cable modem bandwidth Internet services are typically coupled to IRG 22 to coaxial cable lines run within the home. Alternatively, services are provided via an Ethernet interface 119 or other high bandwidth interface.

[0050] The IRG 22 may be located within the home/business, in a wire closet, in the basement or mounted exterior to the home/business. The IRG 22 may operate from electrical power supplied by the local or central office 34, by power supplied by the headend 63 and/or from the customer's power supplied by the customer's power company. Where the IRG 22 includes a xDSL/cable modem 114, e.g. a TVRC/CATV modem, it may be desirable to power the IRG 22 with supplemental power from the home in order to provide sufficient power to enable the optimal operation of the xDSL/cable modem, e.g. a TVRC/CATV modem.

[0051] As shown in FIG. 2, in some embodiments the IRG 22 may include a controller 100 which may have any of a variety of elements such as a central processing unit 102, a DRAM 103, an SRAM 104, a ROM 105 and/or an Internet protocol (IP) bridge router 106 connecting the controller 100 to a system bus 111. The system bus 111 may be connected with a variety of network interface devices 110. The network interface devices 110 may be variously configured to include an integrated services digital network (ISDN) interface 113, an Ethernet interface 119 (e.g., for 10 Base T, 100 Base T, etc.), an IEEE 1394 fire wire interface 112 (e.g., for a digital videodisc device (DVD)), a xDSL/cable modem interface 114 (e.g., TVRC/CATV modem), a residential interface 115, (e.g., standard POTS phone systems such as tip ring), a business interface 116 (e.g., a TI line or slower data speed and/or PABX interface), a radio frequency (RF) audio/video interface 120 (e.g., a coaxial cable television connection to a set-top box/television or to a personal computer), and a cordless phone interface 123 (e.g., a 900 MHZ or other unlicensed frequency transceiver). Connected to one of the network interfaces and/or the system bus 111 may be any number of devices such as an audio interface 122 (e.g., for digital audio, digital telephones, digital audio tape (DAT) recorders/players, music for restaurants, MIDI interface, DVD, etc.), a digital phone 121, a videophone/user interface 130, a television set-top device 131 and/or other devices. Where the network interface is utilized, it may be desirable to use, for example, the IEEE 1394 interface 112 and/or the Ethernet interface 119.

[0052] A lifeline 126 may be provided for continuous telephone service in the event of a power failure at the CPE 10. The lifeline 126 may be utilized to connect the IRG 22 to the local telecommunications company's central office 34 and, in particular, to the FMP 32 or C-FMP 32 located in the central office 34. Lifeline 126 may connect to Tip/Ring (conventional) and may be provided as lifeline 126-1 via DSL modem 114 to twisted pair or via integral or separate cable modem 114 to coaxial cable.

[0053] A fundamental difference between an ISD and the integrated residence gateway of the present invention is the IRG's ability to receive or transmit signals over a coaxial drop or a twisted pair drop or both. A xDSL modem and a cable modem (e.g. a TVRC/CATV modem) operate according to different protocols. Typically, the twisted pair facility is terminated by a xDSL, e.g. a TVRC modem, which provides available bandwidth services over a dedicated twisted pair subscriber loop while the cable modem provides an upstream band of frequencies of approximately 5-40 Megahertz susceptible to noise ingress over the cable plant and as much as one gigaHertz of bandwidth in the downstream direction. Both upstream and downstream bandwidth is shared with other upstream subscribers.

[0054] A typical cable modem, for example, one implementing a data over cable service interface specification (DOCSIS 1.2), comprises QPSK or 16-QAM modulation for upstream transmission and 64 or 256 point QAM for downstream transmission. Each 6 MHZ downstream or upstream channel can provide up to 38 Mbps data service in accordance with quality of service constraints since the bandwidth is shared with other downstream and upstream subscribers. Some studies suggest that up to 200 or more subscribers can share the bandwidth effectively. In the upstream direction due to various issues a 10 Mbps may be provided. In contrast to Ethernet's CSMA/CD protocol, the DOCSIS access scheme provides cable/telephone operators the opportunity to fill their pipelines at 75% or greater of their theoretical capacity. Data encryption, for example, DES-based encryption/decryption, provides privacy to users of the shared upstream and downstream bandwidth.

[0055] The ISD/IRG 22 may be variously configured to provide any number of suitable services. For example, the ISD/IRG 22 may offer high fidelity radio channels by allowing the user to select a particular channel and obtaining a digitized radio channel from a remote location and outputting the digital audio, for example, on audio interface 122, video phone 130, and/or digital phones 121. A digital telephone may be connected to the audio interface 122 such that a user may select any one of a number of digital audio service channels by simply having the user push a digital audio service channel button on the telephone and have the speaker phone output particular channels. The telephone may be preprogramed to provide the digital audio channels at a particular time, such as a wake up call for bedroom mounted telephone, or elsewhere in the house. The user may select any number of services on the video phone and/or other user interface such as a cable set-top device 131. These services may include any number of suitable services such as weather, headlines in the news, stock quotes, neighborhood community services information, ticket information, restaurant information, service directories (e.g., yellow pages), call conferencing, billing systems, mailing systems, coupons, advertisements, maps, classes, Internet, pay-per-view (PPV), and/or other services using any suitable user interface such as the audio interface 122, the video phone/user interface 130, digital phones, 121 and/or another suitable device such as a settop device 131.

[0056] In further embodiments, the ISD/IRG 22 may be configured as an IP proxy server such that each of the devices connected to the server utilizes transmission control protocol/Internet protocol (TCP/IP) protocol. This configuration allows any device associated with the ISD/IRG to access the Internet via an IP connection through the FMP/C-FMP 32. Where the ISD/IRG 22 is configured as an IP proxy server, it may accommodate additional devices that do not support the TCP/IP protocol. In this embodiment, the ISD/IRG 22 may have a proprietary or conventional interface connecting the ISD/IRG 22 to any associated device such as to the set top box 131, the personal computer 14, the video telephone 130, the digital telephone 18, and/or some other end user device.

[0057] In still further embodiments, the ISD/IRG 22 may be compatible with multicast broadcast services where multicast information is broadcast by a central location and/or other server on one of the networks connected to the FMP/C-FMP 32, e.g., an ATM-switched network. The ISD/IRG 22 may download the multicast information via the FMP/C-FMP 32 to any of the devices connected to the ISD/IRG 22. The ISD/IRG 22 and/or CPE 10 devices may selectively filter the information in accordance with a specific customer user's preferences. For example, one user may select all country music broadcasts on a particular day while another user may select financial information. The ISD/IRG 22 and/or any of the CPE 10 devices may also be programmed to store information representing users' preferences and/or the received uni-cast or multicast information in memory or other storage media for later replay. Thus, for example, video clips or movies may be multicast to all customers in the community with certain users being preconfigured to select the desired video clip/movie in real time for immediate viewing and/or into storage for later viewing.

[0058] The IRG 22 of FIG. 2 is addressable and comprises an addressed data transceiver 115 known from the cable television arts. The IRG 22 may be addressed, for example, over a separate data carrier such as 108.2 MHz or may be addressed by the xDSL or cable modem where addressed data is carried under or over voice or within unused portions of a television signal. An addressed data transceiver is generally shown as transciever 132. The IRG 22 may collect subscriber (user) preference data such as equipment and service preferences, service usage data, for example, pay-per-view usage data or utility meter data, viewing/accessing statistics such as shows watched or Internet URL's accessed, new equipment/service installs, and the like for whatever purposes including the downloading of coupons/discounts/premiums for equipment and service preferences and discounted billing. Some of the collected data may be done transparent to the subscriber knowing while other data such as some user preference data may be intentionally input by the subscriber. For example, the user may utilize their remote control to enter preference data that may be stored by a set top device for uploading to the IRG or may utilize their visionphone terminal or personal computer terminal, all of which are coupled to the IRG.

[0059] The IRG, being addressable, may be polled for the data periodically, stored for example in RAM 103. If the IRG 22 periodically reports, a unique address of the IRG should be transmitted with the communication. This unique address may be that address known from the cable television and wirelss arts as a manufacturer's applied electronic secret serial number. There may be several IRG's associated with a tap 60 for several subscribers, all mounted on a telephone pole and so more secure from service pirates than a set top device in the home. The tap 60 may be separately addressable as is known in the arts. The IRG 22 may include encryption/decryption modules for encrypting private communications such as billing and service usage data.

[0060] Referring to FIG. 3A, a videophone 130 may include a touch screen display 141 and soft keys 142 around the perimeter of the display 141. The display may be responsive to touch, pressure, and/or light input. Some or all of the soft keys 142 may be programmable and may vary in function depending upon, for example, the applet being run by the videophone 130. The function of each soft key may be displayed next to the key on the display 141. The functions of the soft keys 142 may also be manually changed by the user by pressing scroll buttons 143. The videophone 140 may also include a handset 144 (which may be connected via a cord or wireless connection to the rest of the videophone and/or directly to the ISD), a keypad 150, a video camera 145, a credit card reader 146, a smart card slot 147, a microphone 149, a motion and/or light detector 148, built-in speaker(s) 155, a printer/scanner/facsimile 152, and/or external speakers 154 (e.g., stereo speakers). A keyboard 153 and/or a postage scale 151 may also be connected to the videophone 130. Any or all of the above-mentioned items may be integrated with the videophone unit itself or may be physically separate from the videophone unit. A block diagram of the video phone unit is shown in FIG. 3B. Referring to FIG. 3B, in addition to the items above, the video phone 130 may also include a signal processor 171, high speed interface circuitry 172 (to house wire or coaxial cable), memory 173, power supply 174, all interconnected via a controller 170.

[0061] When the videophone 130 is used as a video telephone, the display 141 may include one or more video window(s) 160 for viewing a person to whom a user is speaking and/or showing the picture seen by the person on the other end of the video phone. The display may also include a dialed-telephone-number window 161 for displaying the phone number dialed, a virtual keypad 162, virtual buttons 163 for performing various telephone functions, service directory icons 165, a mail icon 164, and/or various other service icons 166 which may be used, for example, for obtaining coupons or connecting with an operator. Any or all of these items may be displayed as virtual buttons and/or graphic icons and may be arranged in any combination. Additionally, any number of other display features may be shown on the video phone in accordance with one or more of the applications incorporated by reference below.

[0062] Referring to FIG. 4A, the FMP/C-FMP 32 may coordinate the flow of data packets, separate voice signals from other signals, perform line monitoring and switching functions, and/or convert between analog and digital signals. The FMP/C-FMP 32 may process data sent from the CPE 10 to the central or local office 34 by separating and reconstructing analog voice signals, data, and control frames. The FMP/C-FMP 32 may process data sent from the central or local office 34 to the CPE 10 by separating control messages from user information, and configure this information into segments that for transport across the digital subscriber loop. The FMP/C-FMP 32 may also terminate the link layer associated with the digital subscriber loop.

[0063] In some embodiments, the FMP/C-FMP 32 may include an access module 70 and a digital loop carrier 87. The access module 70 may include a line protector 71, a cross-connector 73, a plurality of xDSL/cable modems 80, e.g. TVRC/CATV modems, a plurality of digital filters 82, a controller multiplexer 84, and/or a router and facilities interface 86. The digital loop carrier 87 may include a plurality of line cards 96, a time domain multiplexing (TDM) multiplexor (MUX) 88, a TDM bus 90, a controller 92, and/or a facilities interface 94.

[0064] During normal operations, digital signals on the customer connection 30 (e.g., twisted-pair lines, coaxial cable, or hybrid facility) containing both voice and data may be received by the xDSL/cable modems 80, e.g. TVRC/CATV modems, via the line protector 71 and the cross-connector 73. Preferably, the line protector 71 includes lightning blocks for grounding power surges due to lightning or other stray voltage surges. The xDSL/cable modems 80, e.g. TVRC/CATV modems, may send the digital voice, picture and/or data signals to the controller multiplexor 84 and the digital filters 82. The digital filters 82 may separate the voice signals from the digital data signals, and the controller multiplexor 84 may then multiplex the voice signals and/or data signals received from the digital filters 82. The controller multiplexor 84 may then send multiplexed voice signals to the TDM MUX 88 and the data signals to the router and facilities interface 86 for transmission to one or more external networks. The TDM MUX 88 may multiplex the voice signals from the controller multiplexor 84 and/or send the voice signals to the TDM bus 90, which may then send the digital voice signals to the controller 92 and then to the facilities interface 94 for transmission to one or more external networks. Both the router and facilities interface 86 and the facilities interface 94 may convert between electrical signals and optical signals when a fiber optic link is utilized.

[0065] When there is a failure of the digital data link (e.g., if there is a failure of the xDSL/cable modems 80, e.g. TVRC/CATV modems, at the FMP/C-FMP 32 or the xDSL/cable modem 114, e.g. a TVRC/CATV modem, at the ISD/IRG 22), only analog voice signals might be sent over the subscriber lines 30 (twisted pair or coax). In such a case, the analog voice signals may be directly routed to the line cards 96, bypassing the xDSL/cable modems 80, e.g. TVRC/CATV modems, the digital filters 82, the controller multiplexor 84, and the TDM MUX 88. Thus, voice communication is ensured despite a failure of the digital data link. The line cards 96 may convert the analog voice signals into digital format (e.g., TDM format) and send the digitized voice data onto the TDM bus 90 and eventually through the controller 92 and the facilities interface 94 for transmission to one or more external networks. Since the ISD/IRG 22 may be powered via the serving cable (telephone or coaxial cable television), lifeline service may be provided over the cable modem or the twisted pair tip and ring.

[0066] Referring to FIG. 4B, the network server platform (NSP) 36 may be variously configured to provide any number of services provided by a server such as information services, Internet services, pay-per-view movie services, data-base services, commercial services, and/or other suitable services. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4B, the NSP 36 includes a router 185 having a backbone 180 (e.g., a fiber distributed data interface (FDDI) backbone) that interconnects a management server 182, an information/database server 183, and/or one or more application server clusters 184. The NSP 36 may be connected via the router 185 by a link 181 to one or more external networks, NSPs 36, and/or an FMP/C-FMPs 32. The information/data base server 183 may perform storage and/or database functions. The application server cluster 184 may maintain and control the downloading of applets to the ISD/IRG 22. The NSP 36 may also include a voice/call processor 186 configured to handle call (telephone or Internet service requests) and data routing functions, set-up functions, distributed operating system functions, voice recognition functions for spoken commands input from any of the ISD/IRG connected devices as well as other functions.

[0067] When CATV and telephony and Internet services are integratable, a method of providing equipment, services and information may be likewise integrated such that a subscriber may receive equipment/services automatically for all typical and enhanced services they may receive and any requested information that may be responsive to their subscriber preferences. As there are many ways data services may be provided which may include and not limited to include available bit rate, continuous bit rate, variable bit rate and the like services along with more typical services such as telephone point to point calls, video conference calls, information service retrieval, and the like. Enhanced services described by related applications include mail metering, energy management, security monitoring, service purchases and the like. The subscriber may receive such products and services based on their recording their need as a subscriber preference or based on subscriber usage data reported to NSP 36. For example, available bit rate services or information may be provided based on preferences and limited by cost or quantity of information delivered, session length and the like while variable bit rate services may be provided based on preferred quality of service (qos) variables and cost. Moreover, one or more services indicated as a preference may be used as a base service offering fee while enhanced or other services indicated as a preference may be provided at a discount. These and other features of the present invention will be discussed further herein. It is preferable, according to the present invention to centralize all of the data necessary to render automatic operations at the network server platform 36 for conventional and enhanced high bandwidth service offerings permissible over a bi-directional architecture as per FIGS. 1B-1D.

[0068] Again referring to FIG. 2, the ISD/IRG 22 will now be explained in more detail. The ISD/IRG enables the seamless integration of voice and data across the telephone network. The ISD/IRG 22 utilizes leverages interface and networking innovations originally developed to expedite information retrieval via the World Wide Web. When applied to telecommunications access, these advances enable a revolutionary change in service delivery, that makes the telephone companies network a much more valuable asset than ever before. Coupled with the introduction of low-cost premises devices (e.g., browser based touch-screen phones), the technology enables a natural and compelling link to a rich new class of service offerings and features such as CD quality voice, far more friendly access to a wide range of telephony services (CLASS, conferencing, messaging, emergency services, etc.), new non-traditional services on an AT&T secure intranet such as Bill payment, Banking, Electronic shopping, Home-based smart card ATM transactions, Electronic coupons, Interactive advertising/Point-casting, Corporate LAN extensions for Work-at-Home, Interactive multimedia telephony, High-speed access to the Internet even without a PC, restaurant ordering, sports ticket ordering, catalogue ordering, mail metering machines, directory services, customer services, rate tables, calling plan options, as well as self provision new services, get credit for wrong number calls, vastly reducing the number of service representatives required.

[0069] The ISD/IRG 22 performs intelligent multiplexing, dynamic bandwidth allocation, and routing of voice and data and may also include advance signal processing for enabling voice activated commands. It may be possible to give the video phone of FIG. 3A away for free so that all house-holds regardless of income level or desire to purchase a personal computer will have access to the vast information resources of the Internet, an interexchange carrier's such as AT&T's networks, and/or third party networks including those providing pay per view (PPV) movie content and broadcast networks. It is anticipated that the video phone concept together with the ISD/IRG, FMP/C-FMP, and NSP of the present invention will revolutionize the delivery of telephony services and provide a quantum leap in the paradigm of telecommunications, improving the quality of life of interexchange carrier customers while turning the copper loop or the coaxial cable drop into their homes into an increasing necessity for all users.

[0070] For high end residential consumers who want more convenience and simplicity in their daily lives and convenient access to more information devices coupled to the ISD/IRG provide, for example: easier delivery of a wider range of telephony services (e.g., customer care, marketing, operator services) with cost savings due to automation; new service opportunities such as interactive electronic catalog shopping from the home, and advertising; ability to offer ultra fast Internet access to every household, penetrating even those without a PC unlike traditional voice/touch tone telephony access; high fidelity voice and music; touch screen and/or voice activated customer interface; asymmetric high speed transport of data to the home with the asymmetric character of the link and apportionment of that bandwidth variable depending on the amount of traffic; new service opportunities such as third party bill payment including paperless bill payment, banking, obtaining smart card cash in an ATM transactions, electronic shopping from the home, electronic coupons, advertising, electronic review and payment of bills; calling plans, class of services, as well as other services and plans; Interactive video teleconferencing; state-of-the-art networking for Work-at-Home; private line services; Call Connection including the self scheduling of conference calls without the need for an operator as well as initiation of interactive calls with white board augmentation using an appropriate applet downloaded from the NSP 36; class services invoked, for example, via icons and prompts in a natural manner without requiring memorization of numerical codes; navigation & access for voice, e-mail, and fax messages; obtain operator services without an operator, credit for wrong number, rate table, etc.; define profile for pointcast services; purchase products advertised on TV via synchronized ordering screen with television or PPV shows; Multimedia Enhanced Voice Calls, interactive voice & data response applications & info- on-demand; Support for work-at-home via virtual WAN; Screen pops for message/call alerting; graphical call management using touch and/or a mouse interface, including, for example call setup/bridging capabilities and point-and-click/tap-and-drag conferencing graphical use interfaces to initiate POTS calls, personal registry, mobility manager, call scheduling, call me back standard messages, personal assistant; Universal Multimedia Mailbox including a common interface for fax, voice, text, audio, and/or audio/visual images; 7 kHz high fidelity voice; asymmetric high speed transport with dynamic bandwidth allocation; residential LAN interface and associated local area network within the home; interactive video teleconferencing, display of web pages for customers placed on-hold, and other applications as discussed herein.

[0071] The service in accordance with aspects of the present invention makes the phone or coaxial cable TV lines a conduit for a wide variety of high revenue service offerings, allows the differentiation of local telephone and long distance telephone services, significantly reduces operation costs, extracts additional performance benefits from the imbedded loop plant, makes maximum use of the existing network infrastructure, and uniquely leverages new technology. Aspects of the present invention will enable a revolutionary change in service delivery, which can greatly improve the quality of people's lives, and make the telephone network a much more valuable asset than ever before. When coupled with the introduction of low-cost premises devices (e.g., touch-screen phones), the technology enables a natural and compelling interface to rich new classes of service offerings for all telephone users regardless of their ability or desire to afford a personal computer or learn. Thus interexchange carriers such as AT&T can reduce the cost of their own billing while making it easier for the customer to pay the bill. Additionally electronic billing services can be offered to other companies.

[0072] The ISD/IRG 22 may be physically located on the premises side of the protector block. In exemplary embodiments as shown in FIG. 2, the ISD/IRG 22 terminates the twisted-pair loop or coaxial cable or both facilities either leased from the local exchange carrier or obtained from the cable television service provider on the network side and the premise equipment and associated networks on the premises side. The ISD/IRG 22 may operate to aggregate the diverse traffic from the customer premise equipment onto a single stream for transmission over the loop to the twisted pair or cable Facilities Management Platform (FMP) and to de-multiplex the traffic from the FMP/C-FMP.

[0073] A basic Premises Distribution Network (PDN) 500 for one exemplary embodiment of a typical residential application of the ISD/IRG 22 is shown in FIG. 5. The premise distribution network 500 may include one or more Ethernet connections 500 for connecting a plurality of devices such as a number of personal computers 14A, 14B, a vision phone, cable set top terminal and/or other devices. Further, the premise distribution network 500 may include any number of conventional analog lines 505 (e.g., Tip/Ring (T/R) phone lines), each having one or more associated analog phones (e.g., 15A-15n), and/or associated PCs with modem and/or phone cards. Further, the premises distribution network 500 may include any number of ISDN lines 506, each having any number of digital appliances such as ISDN compliant devices and/or video phones 130. The premises distribution network 500 may use existing twisted pair telephone line, a coaxial cable line and/or may utilize a special cable to facilitate CATV, Ethernet and/or other LAN connections. Where the video phone 130 may share the same LAN as a connected PC 14A, prioritization software in the LAN driver gives priority to video and/or audio transmissions to and from the video phone to reduce latency time and unpredictable delays. Alternatively, the video phone 130 may be coupled via a dedicated ISDN connection, a dedicated Ethernet connection, and/or another dedicated connection or coaxial cable connection to the ISD/IRG 22. The video phone may have an integrated analog phone for life line support. Alternatively, one of the analog phones serves the function of providing lifeline support. Further, an Internet telephony phone (not shown) may provide lifeline service via a coaxial drop to the home. Where the video phone 130 includes lifeline support, it is preferred to transmit data to the phone in a band above 7 kHz using ADSL like modem technology.

[0074] In exemplary embodiments, the ISD/IRG 22 multiplexes traffic from the various components of the PDN 500 (e.g., Ethernet, Screen Phone, Tip/Ring, ISDN, coaxial house cable) either between other devices on the PDN and/or onto DSL/cable modem 114 for transport over loop twisted pair to the Central Office or coax toward the cable television headend. The DSL/cable modem may be constructed using any of the techniques described in the applications incorporated by reference below. For example, there is some advantage in providing an integrated DSL/cable modem with either twisted pair or coaxial connectors where, for example, central controller capabilities may be shared.

[0075] Within the scope of the current document, the term xDSL will be used to represent any member of the DSL family. This family comprises, High Speed Digital Subscriber Line (HDSL), Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line (ADSL), Symmetrical Digital Subscriber Line (SDSL) and Very high data rate Digital Subscriber Line (VDSL). This list is not limited to the members described herein, since changing technology adds more DSL schemes.

[0076] The ISD/IRG 22 may execute any number of additional telephony functions using known techniques such as Packetization of voice for all telephone calls, Tip/Ring Borscht functions, default to Central Office Battery/Tip/Ring to provide lifeline service during power failure, overvoltage Protection, ringing, supervision, answer and incoming call/ringing supervision, generation of call progress tones (e.g., dial tone, busy, ringback, invalid number, etc.), various coding such as 7 KHz G.722 coding for Electra called parties, 3.3. KHz mu-law coding for non-ISD enabled parties, transmit messages reporting DTMF, on hook/off hook/flash hook events, support for voice dialing and enablement of special calling features (e.g., through the use of processor 102 which may include signal co-processor 102A and/or a high performance controller such as the 8960), provision of dial tone with time-out for voice dialing service, coding/forwarding voice commands (e.g., to a voice processor in the FMP/C-FMP and/or NSP.

[0077] The data link protocol of the DSL modem may be variously configured to include incorporate Forward Error Correction for traffic unsuited to re-transmission such as voice traffic: Additionally, the data link protocol may organize the aggregate data stream created by multiplexing downstream channels, duplex channels, and maintenance channels together into blocks, attaching an error correction code to each block. The receiver then can correct errors that occur during transmission up to the limits implied by the code and the block length. The data link protocol may also provide sufficient interleaving to correct errors due to impulsive noise but supporting low latency for voice traffic, create superblocks by interleaving data within subblocks to allow the receiver to correct any combination of errors within a specific span of bits. It may be desirable to tailor the interleaving interval to the latency budget for voice applications in DSL modems utilized to carry voice as in the present invention.

[0078] The packet handling in the present system may be variously configured. For example, in the CPE-Network direction, the processor 102 may be configured to act as a packet handling subsystem to processes frames from the FMP and to generate DSL frames going to the FMP. The ISD/IRG and the FMP/C-FMP include xDSL/cable modems (e.g., TVRC/DOCSIS standard cable) modems to terminate the link layers associated with the DSL or coaxial segment of the connection. In a similar manner as the FMP/C-FMP, the processor in the ISD/IRG may be configured to reconstruct the IPv6 packets from DSL frames and then separates IP packets containing voice from those containing data and from those containing signaling. In the ISD/IRG, speech packets from the Packet Handling subsystem may be delivered to the residential interface for output to one or more analog lines to create virtual phone lines using the upper bandwidth of the DSL modem (e.g., 40 Khz to 1 Mhz) in a similar manner as the packet-to-circuit translation subsystem which may be utilized in the FMP/C-FMP. The processor 102 in the ISD/IRG 22 may also be configured to generate signaling packets which may be forwarded to the FMP/C-FMP for later utilization in either an in-band or out-of-band routing subsystem such as a conventional subscriber signaling subsystem (e.g., TR 303). Similarly, the processor 102 in the ISD/IRG 22 may include a subscriber signaling subsystem as part of an external routing subsystem. In this manner, packets received from the FMP/C-FMP in the network-CPE direction (including voice, data, video, and control packets) may be demultiplexed, reformatted with an appropriate protocol, and output to an attached peripheral device connected to the premise distribution network 500.

[0079] In the network to CPE direction, the processor 102 may be configured to re-construct IPv6 packets from DSL frames, and separating IP packets containing voice from those containing data from those containing signaling. This process may involve, for example, multiplexing (at the IP packet level) voice, data and subscriber signaling packets bound for a single DSL link with IP packets mapped onto DSL frames.

[0080] The processor 102 may also include one or more signal processors 102A and/or voice processor to perform various MPEGII coding/decoding functions, codec functions, voice recognition functions, encryption/decryption, etc. The processor 102 may also be configured to perform various protocol conversion functions such that data having protocols used on a device connected to the premise distribution network may be efficiently transmitted to and from the FMP/C-FMP using an appropriate transmission protocol. Additionally, the processor 102 monitors the devices connected to the premise distribution network and stores information concerning which devices are currently in use. In this manner, where there is an incoming call, the ISD/IRG has the intelligence to know which CPE is in use and which CPE is not in use. As a result, if there is an incoming call, the ISD/IRG will not send a ringing tone to any CPE that is already in use, but will route the call to another device that is available. Further, where there is a choice of a plurality of phones and/or other devices to route the call, the ISD/IRG may review activity detected on the motion sensors on any attached motion sensing devices such as those which may be present in a video phone 130 and ring a phone which is most convenient to the user. As an alternative, all available phones will be rung, with the user given the option to switch between incoming lines.

[0081] In an exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 5, where an incoming call arrives at the ISD/IRG 22, the control 510 rings one or all of the attached phones. Where a user answers a first phone (e.g., 15A), the utilization of this phone is recorded. Thereafter, the user may continue talking on this phone and an off-hook status is indicated. Where another call comes in, the user may choose to answer this call via a conventional method such as call waiting and/or using multiple lines. Further, the answering machine (described in an attached application) may be configured to indicate that the user is receiving an incoming call at the moment and provide an on-hold menu as discussed in the applications incorporated by reference below. The control 510 may be configured to have a plurality of calls on-hold and toggle between these calls by depressing a DTMF key and/or the hang-up actuator. Alternatively, a digital phone and/or video phone 130 may have any number of lines with a name, address, and phone number associated with each of the incoming callers. Thus, the residential interface module allows multiple virtual analog phone lines to be multiplexed on a single twisted pair phone line. Further, one of the phone lines may be provided with life line support.

[0082] Interconnected to the ISD/IRG may be a protector block 26 (for lightning and overvoltage protection) which is used for impedance matching. The protector block 26 may also act as a demarcation of the customer premise and the local loop transmission network. Copper twisted pair and/or coaxial cable may be utilized to connect the protector block and a CATV headend or a telephone Main Distribution Frame (MDF) as the main transmission medium in the local loop.

[0083] The xDSL/cable modems shown as 114, may be implemented using a Tethered Virtual Radio Channel (TVRC)/DOCSIS specification cable modem as discussed in the applications incorporated herein by reference. The TVRC (Tethered Virtual Radio Channel) engine may be implemented using a simultaneous voice-data modem which may be a full-duplex Variable Rate Adaptive Digital Subscriber Line (VR-ADSL) modem. The modem may transmit and receive the modulated voicedata bit stream via the twisted pair. The modem uses discrete multi-tone (DMT) modulation to achieve at least 1.5 Mbps data rate in both directions. Some of the TVRC engine functions include forward error control (Reed Solomon), channel coding (Turbo or Wei Convolution), TVRC spreading, echo cancellation and analog transmit/receive line interfacing. The TVRC modem may be implemented using one or more programmable DSPs which may be utilized to provide the modem transmit FFT and/or receive IFFT engine. However, the embodiments of aspects of the instant invention are not limited to the use of TVRC modulation technology. However, TVRC may be desirable as an alternate to interleaving in order to overcome impairments such as noise and interference and which results in unacceptable delays. (A typical cable modem has already been described above.)

[0084] The processor 102 in the ISD/IRG 22 may be configured to discriminate between the various forms of traffic and to route this traffic to an appropriate device. Where high priority voice and/or video is distributed across the interface, the ISD/IRG may include one or more priority queues disposed in the SRAM and/or DRAM 103, 104. There may be different priority queues for each connected device on the premise distribution network (including any attached device described with regard to FIG. 2 or discussed herein). Additionally, there may be different queues for each device in both the transmit and receive direction. Further, control and signaling information may be assigned various levels of priority. A similar queue structure may also be implemented in the FMP/C-FMP. In one exemplary embodiment, the queues give priority to signaling information, and voice information for the various attached telephones. If a queue is in danger of overflow, flow control mechanisms may be utilized by the ISD/IRG and/or FMP/C-FMP. Voice data is accessed first using an appropriate queuing scheme such as priority fair weighted queuing or another suitable scheme. In addition to queuing, bandwidth may be varied so that more DSL frames are assigned to voice and/or video than data. Further, asymmetric DSL protocols may be dynamically implemented such that more bandwidth may be allocated to one direction or the other as necessary. Where one ISD/IRG 22 is serving as the node for, for example, a seven way conference call, the outgoing bandwidth for the node may need to be increased relative to the incoming bandwidth. However, where a PPV movie and/or Internet file is being downloaded, the bandwidth may be reversed such that more bandwidth is available from the network to the CPE equipment. Thus, asymmetric high speed transport of data to the home with the asymmetric character of the link and apportionment of that bandwidth variable depending on the amount of traffic results in a substantially more flexible platform to implement advanced services to the user. Multiple modem protocols may be downloaded into the DSL modem dynamically to chose the best protocol for a particular dynamic bandwidth allocation to maximize the amount of through put.

[0085] For example, with reference to FIGS. 6A and 6B, information may be multiplexed into one or more DSL frames in order to dynamically allocate bandwidth. In one exemplary embodiment, where data is being input to one of the connected data devices (e.g., a PC), and a voice call comes in, a dynamic allocation of bandwidth may occur. Assume that 1 Mbps is available for information transfer. Prior to the incoming call, all 1 Mbps may be completely used for the data transmission. However, as soon as a voice call comes in, since voice has a higher priority than data, a 64 Kbps channel is deallocated from data usage and is allocated for voice. If a second voice call comes in, then another data channel will be deallocated from data usage and allocated for voice. As a voice call gets terminated, then the allocated voice slots will be reallocated to use by data and/or another voice channel. For example, as shown in FIG. 6B, voice call 4 V4 is terminated and the bandwidth is reallocated to D3. Accordingly, as the bandwidth is reallocated, the header may be updated to reflect the new bandwidth allocation. This allocation may occur in both the CPE to network traffic and network to CPE traffic. Additionally, as slots are added to CPE to network traffic, slots may be deallocated to network to CPE traffic implementing a dynamic asymmetric bandwidth allocation. Hence, the system dynamically allocates bandwidth in real time to maximize information transfer. Where individual packets are used to transport voice and data between the ISD/IRG 22 and the FMP/C-FMP 32, an individual channel does not need to be allocated. Voice packets are simply given priority over data packets in the transfer. Therefore, silence periods may be used to the advantage and a higher overall bandwidth occurs. Data is simply stored in the buffer and/or slowed in its transfer using standard flow control where voice has priority. In aspects of the present invention, bandwidth may be allocated on a per-frame basis. By contrast, conventional systems only allocated bandwidth at the time a secession is initiatedand once initiation has been completed, bandwidth allocation cannot be changed without tearing down the call. However, in aspects of the present invention, bursty data may be accommodated more efficiently since the burst data rate may be accommodated via dynamic bandwidth allocation.

[0086] The DSL/cable modem 114 may be variously configured to supporting transport over 18000 foot loops at following rates exceeding 1 Mbits/second, or coaxial cable or hybrid facilities of any length and may include adapting duplex and downstream bit-rates to the needs of the current traffic such that more bandwidth is provided to the upstream and/or downstream and/or between various devices based on an intelligent bandwidth allocation algorithm. The DSL/cable modem may provide a single-tone DMT mode for low power operation during idle periods to avoid re-synchronization at next service request and enable always on functionality. The always on and/or virtually always on functionality allows voice/data calls to be established virtually instantaneously without long delays. The virtually always on functionality allows the channel bandwidth to adapt to the current needs of the system to minimize power consumption, reduce thermal dissipation, and generate less interference. For example, if no device is currently being utilized, only a very low bandwidth channel is required. Accordingly, by reducing the bandwidth available across the loop, it is possible to improve overall performance for other lines.

[0087] The DSL/cable modem must share upstream and downstream bandwidth over coaxial or hybrid fiber/coaxial facilities but has the advantage of being able to allocate upstream and downstream demand for services in priority with other coaxial cable subscribers or, if both twisted pair and coaxial facilities are provided, to allocate to one or the other depending on priority.

[0088] The present invention discloses a local loop architecture that can overcome many of the problems associated with either a twisted pair or coaxial cable architecture alone. Amongst the claimed advantages is the ability to have multiple appearances of a call on a single twisted pair or coaxial cable channel. The architecture also allows data and voice to be mixed and bandwidth can be dynamically allocated in real time.

[0089] To illustrate the interaction between the various components of the instant invention, a voice dialing scenario will be described. When a subscriber picks up the telephone and if no digits have been dialed after a specified period of time has elapsed, the ISD/IRG may start digitizing the voice information into 64 Kbps -law PCM data. The samples may be interpreted locally using processor 102 and converted into commands, and/or stored in a wave file for later transmission. For example, where the voice commands are saved, they may be subsequently transmitted to the FMP/C-FMP over a signaling channel. On receipt by the FMP/C-FMP, the FMP/C-FMP may either interpret the commands (e.g., using a controller in the controller and multiplexer 84), and/or forward the information to the NSP 36 for further processing. In the NSP, the commands may be interpreted using known voice recognition technology. The NSP 36 may attempt to authenticate the request by ensuring that the subscriber does indeed have a subscription to the voice dialing service. The NSP 36 may then determine the identity of the subscriber by looking at the address in the IP field of the packet. The NSP 36 can therefore interpret the information in the wave files and take the appropriate action.

[0090] In one illustrative example, assume that subscriber John wanted to call another subscriber Paul. The NSP 36 may attempt to determine who is Paul as defined by John. Once the telephone number for John has been determined, the NSP 36 may inform the FMP/C-FMP to set up a call to John's number. In some configurations, this my be done by the FMP/C-FMP using the TR303 interface (as shown in FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B), for example, by sending a signal to a SLC to request the local Serving Office to tell the latter the appropriate ports to use for setting up the call. The FMP/C-FMP may also include its own DTMF and tone generator for signaling. The inclusion of a DTMF tone generator in the FMP/C-FMP and/or ISD/IRG has significant advantages in that a voice dialing service may be provided by the interexchange companies and there is no need to pay for the Local Exchange Carrier (LEC) for providing such a service. Similar services, such as speed dialing, that the LEC provides can now be made available locally using the ISD/IRG and/or FMP/C-FMP.

[0091] In the case where there is an incoming call, say from the PSTN, the FMP/C-FMP may obtain signaling information from the SLC. The information may be dispatched over the signaling channel to the NSP 36. The NSP 36 may instruct the FMP/C-FMP with information on how the call should be terminated. On receiving this message, the FMP/C-FMP may send the appropriate signaling message to the ISD/IRG. The ISD/IRG may be configured to know which phones are in use and which ones are not. As a result, the ISD/IRG may apply ringing voltage to a phone that is not in use and/or take other remedial action as discussed above, e.g., using a call waiting signal.

[0092] The ISD/IRG may be configured to facilitate multiple appearances of calls on a single twisted pair or within a coaxial cable television channel to integrate voice and data traffic. The ISD/IRG is unlike conventional system that uses bandpass filters or splitter to separate voice and data. The ISD/IRG provides a local smart hub interface for all lines in the home as well as providing digital communication coordination among different devices in the home. The ISD/IRG may be configured for various functions including an alarm system, utility meter monitoring, standard POTS phone systems such as tip ring, or multiple tip rings, or multiple tip rings assigned to a single number, and/or multiple tip rings assigned to unique numbers, detection generation and conversion of DTMF tones, ring generation, off hook generation, and other call progress indication, and/or a business interface such as a T1 line, and/or other analog and/or digital lines.

[0093] Of course, other embodiments of the ISD/IRG will be apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, as shown in FIGS. 8-10, a second exemplary example of the ISD/IRG is shown.

[0094] Further, various implementations of the ISD/IRG may be utilized in different implementations. For example, settop 513 may be coupled to any suitable interface such as the IEEE 1394, RF audio/video interface 120, Ethernet interface 119, etc. A TV may be coupled to the settop. Additionally, a DAT, DVD and/or other audio device 515 may be coupled to the ISD/IRG using a suitable interface.

[0095] A typical digital set top device comprises a controller, QPSK or QAM transmitters and receivers and MPEG encoding/decoding. The settop device may communicate with a high resolution HDTV television or an NTSC low resolution television or a personal computer or web-TV type device. The set-top may be coupled to high speed Ethernet or to coaxial cable according to the present invention and include features of the ISD/IRG as appropriate.

[0096] Referring to FIG. 11, various protocol stacks may be utilized to transmit the voice and data. For example, a voice signaling stack such as in-band voice over ATM and/or other voice signaling stack may be used. Additionally, a Ethernet and/or other IP stack may be utilized.

[0097] Referring to FIG. 12, the ISD/IRG may be included in a network interface unit. The network interface unit may be variously mounted either inside and/or outside of the house. Where a DSL/cable modem and/or ISD/IRG is incorporated in the NIU 600, it may be desirable to mount the unit external to the home to allow access for service and to upgrade the ISD/IRG without entering the user's home. Alternatively, the NIU 600 may be provided within the home where power is more readily available and where temperature is more stable. Auxiliary power may be provided via an outlet within the house via a direct power link 612 and/or via a step-down transformer 613 connected to the ISD/IRG 22 via one or more twisted pair phone lines from within the house to outside of the house to the NIU via a spare twisted pair 614. The auxiliary link allows easy retrofit of existing NIUs 600. Phone lines and/or other interface lines may be provided from the ISD/IRG 22 to the house via lines 620 (e.g., twisted pair cabling). The cordless interface 123 of the ISD/IRG 22 may include an antenna 630, e.g., a 900 MHZ or other unlicensed frequency antenna mounted to the exterior of the NIU 600. The antenna 630 may be used as a cellular base station for other wireless devices associated with other customer premises. Further, a cable 630 may be associated with RF audio/video interface 120 in the ISD/IRG 22. The cable 630 may be coupled to a set-top and/or a TV 514.

[0098] In operation, the ISD/IRG may be variously configured. For example, the ISD/IRG 22 may be utilized as a local house network. For example, referring to FIG. 13, an overall network 600 showing the ISD/IRG functioning in one embodiment of an overall house network. For example, a first ISD/IRG 22B may have associated digital phones 18A-18N, analog phones 15A-15N, and computers (e.g., personal computers) PC 1-PC N. The ISD/IRG 22B may be coupled to a FMP/C-FMP 32B. The FMP/C-FMP 32B may in turn be coupled to a plurality of FMPs 32A, 32C, and one or more networks such as the Internet 581, the PSTN 46, and/or a private network such as a SONET network 42. The FMP/C-FMP 32B may also be interconnected with a NSP 36 as discussed in detail above. The FMP 32A may be connected to a local equipment company's network 580, which may in turn be coupled to the PSTN 46. The LEC network may, for example, comprise a 5ESS switch. The LEC 580 may have a plurality of associated analog 15 and/or digital phones (not shown). Similarly, the FMP 32c may have an associated ISD 22C, coupled to one or more analog and/or digital phones 15, 18.

[0099] In operation, the network 600 may include a local area network formed using ISD/IRG 22B as a server. ISD/IRG 22B may act as a server/network controller for local area network LAN A having a plurality of attached PCS. For example, many homes today have a plurality of PCS disposed in different rooms of the house, but not interconnected. By using the ISD/IRG and standard Ethernet software protocol drivers and associated Ethernet cards, the ISD/IRG 22 may function as a network server and/or controller. In this manner, by simply plugging into an existing phone connection, PCS in the house may share date among themselves, among one or more PCS and the Internet 581, between one or more PCS and one of the digital phones 18A-18N (including a video phone). In this manner, the common household problem of how to share information among computers is solved.

[0100] Additionally, the problem of obsolete software is also solved. Software for downloading may be collected at an NSP 36 and specifically addressed or globally addressed to ISD/IRG for internal use or passing on to subservient devices on the customer premises. For example, the ISD/IRG may be configured to download any data from the NSP 36 via any suitable protocol such as the use of a proprietary protocol and/or a tunneling protocol (e.g., PPTP) to have direct access to information on the NSP 36. Tunneling may be implemented using any suitable protocol such as point-to-point protocol shown in FIGS. 14, 15A, and 15B. Point-to-point tunneling was developed by Microsoft and may include tunnels wrapping PPP packets in IP layers. PPTP tunneling may be either client initiated or client transparent. As an alternative, tunneling may be implemented using layer two forwarding developed by CISCO. Layer two forwarding uses layer two protocols such as frame relay and ATM tunneling to provide a point-to-point connection between a remote caching server such as the NSP 36 and the ISD/IRG 22.

[0101] For example, the NSP 36 could host a kids game section which has thousands of different children's programs. The NSP supplied programs may appear as one of a plurality of attached devices to the local home network. A user in the home may execute one of these programs by simply accessing an appropriate icon and/or by installing a driver for the program.

[0102] Further, because the ISD/IRG has high bandwidth access to external networks, the ISD/IRG may serve as an Internet gateway. For example, by configuring the ISD/IRG as an Internet gateway server, the ISD/IRG allows every computer in the home high-speed access and E-mail capabilities with the Internet. The LAN may also include inexpensive network computers without expensive disk drives and peripherals allowing the average home owner to purchase many inexpensive network computers, e.g, one for each member of the family. Similarly, WEB TV boxes could use the same LAN network LAN A to obtain high speed access to the Internet. The ISD/IRG may be variously configured as a proxy server, such that each of the devices connected to the IP proxy server may utilize TCP/IP protocol and hence access a single IP connection from the IP server located in the ISD/IRG across the connection to the central office. Where the ISD/IRG is configured as an IP proxy server, the ISD may accommodate any number of additional devices that are not TCP/IP devices or Internet literate. In this manner, the ISD/IRG may have a proprietary interface out to the device, such as the set top box, the personal computer, the digital telephones, the VisionPhone, or other end user devices and yet access the power of the Internet through the ISD/IRG services. So the protocol between the ISD/IRG and the end user devices may be conventional protocols, such as CEBus for meter reading, ISDN for digital telephones and VisionPhones, fire wire, IEEE 1394 for consumer electronic devices such as video DVD players and/or other similar devices.

[0103] In addition to the forgoing, the ISD/IRG as a proxy server may be configured to allow an alternate long distance communication path to remote users, bypassing long distance companies networks. For example, where a reduce quality service is acceptable, telephony over Internet may be utilized allowing, for example, analog phone A 15 to communicate with analog phone 15 over the Internet. This may be accomplished by configuring the ISD/IRG to establish certain connections over the Internet either on a continuous basis and/or on a manually enabled basis, for example, using PC 1 and/or vision phone 130. Thus, the user would have the option of communicating with other phone customers without long-distance tolls using telephony over the Internet.

[0104] One telephony/cable television problem being addressed by the present application is the provision of lifeline support for telephoning over a cable distribution system. Referring again to FIG. 1D, the lifeline support may be divided into several sections including a headend section, a distribution network section and the home/customer premises section. Where a lifeline support is provided to a cable system, the power necessary to drive the lifeline devices needs to be provided through the coaxial cable to the home. One option for providing this power and lifeline support is to connect the telephony into a hub 62 of the cable network and only provide lifeline support from the hub 62 downstream through the nodes 61 to the house network. The average power requirement for a two line telephone is 3.1 watts, accordingly, the lifeline power distribution network will require at least 3 watts per household distributed throughout the network. In a typical network there are 20 nodes or less per hub 62 and 500-1000 houses per node 61. In the current system there can be many as 500-1000 houses per node 61 or 3,000 watts per node 61 which may be excessive. Accordingly, it may desirable to drop the number of houses per node 61 to 200 or less making 600 watts per node.

[0105] The cable system currently uses as a standard component a two-drawer file cabinet size box which is positioned at the base of a pole and has batteries in the bottom of the box and a power supply for converting either 110 or 220 V AC into 90 volts AC for supply out onto the cable network. One solution for lifeline is to use the existing distributed battery backup systems as described above distributed throughout the cable network to provide lifeline power into the home from the batteries in the file cabinet size batteries backup supplies. In this manner, by placing the battery backup supplies downstream from the node and the hub, the node and the hub no longer need to be powered from the headend. Additionally, in this way lifeline support can be provided into the node or the hub with a fixed number of twisted pair of lines which go directly to the local exchange and provide lifeline support on a selected statistical basis.

[0106] With regard to FIG. 1D, there are several alternatives for providing lifeline support into the cable system. In a first alternative, the lifeline support is provided to the node 61 where the node is coupled to the FMP/C-FMP through, for example, a DSL twisted pair of connection. In alternative embodiments, the DSL twisted pair of lifeline connection may be interconnected through a hub 62 or through the headend 63.

[0107] The different alternative embodiments between connecting the lifeline support through either the node, the hub or the headend may be influenced by the particular type of distribution facilities that the cable network employs. For example, where a node is employed on a telephone pole it may be a simple matter to connect the twisted pair of DSL lifeline support directly into the node on the telephone pole. However, where the node is buried underground, it may be more difficult to provide lifeline DSL support into each of the individual nodes. In these embodiments, it may be useful to provide the DSL lifeline support into the hub as opposed to into the node. Where the DSL lifeline support is provided into the hub there may also be additional room to provide circuitry within the hub whereas the space requirements within the node are extremely limited because these are often pole-mounted. In yet alternate embodiments, the DSL lifeline support may be provided into the headend, however, providing the lifeline support into the headend often requires that the entire cable distribution network remain powered in the event of a power failure. In yet alternate embodiments in some cities the cables are provided underground in manholes. In this embodiment, either the node, hub or headend connected DSL may be appropriate because the telephone cables are typically co-located with the cables in the manholes and may be interconnected to provide lifeline support. So the foregoing discussion is centered primarily on how to interconnect the phone system lifeline support with the cable network.

[0108] The following discussion discusses how to pass power through each of the different components on the cable network. The first discussion will center on the individual tap modules and how to pass power from the node through the individual tap modules to the homes. In each of the individual taps the cable system has power in the cable at 90 volt 60 cycle power which is distributed through the center of the coaxial cable whereas the signal is distributed along the outer edge of the center coaxial cable in a skin effect since the high frequencies are distributed towards the outer edge of the cable. In passing the power through each of the taps, the cable is actually severed at each tap and a circuit board is interconnected between the input and output of the tap allowing for the power to be filtered as well as isolation of each of the individual houses coming off the tap providing the high frequency cable system into the house. In the most preferred embodiments, the face plate may be removed without affecting power for all downstream homes from the tap. In this manner, highly reliable power systems may be utilized to provide continuous power downstream of the tap while the individual components on the tap are being serviced.

[0109] The tap is comprised of a series of splitters which simply split the power into each of the individual tap sections. So as a minimum, the tap has to be redesigned such that the tap continually passes power to the house over the tap drop regardless of whether the faceplate is removed through the tap as being serviced. In this manner, the tap may include first and second circuit boards with the first circuit board providing nothing more than a power takeoff and signal takeoff of the main board. Taps may be addressable so that, when power is cut off, the tap may signal the headend of its powered down status as may the nodes and or hubs that are providing the batter backed-up power. Moreover, any high power amplifiers between the hub and the subscriber may be provided with a low power amplifier alternative for life-line services. These too may signal the headend of a power down condition. Consequently, a map may be provided at the headend as an output showing any powered-down sections of the cable network and where lifeline services have been initiated.

[0110] Today there exists cable with coax and twisted pair and power leads all within a single cable, some of which also include fiber. Accordingly, in one aspect of the invention, coming out of each of the taps is a specialized cable that includes not only a coaxial connection but also a power connection and/or a twisted pair connection. Commscope is a supplier of customized cable that will allow twisted pair and coax cables to coexist. The options with the tap box for cable or pedestal mounting are as follows: in a first embodiment the tap box would simply have a single printed circuit board having a plurality of connectors on the circuit board and an EMI and hermetic seal, circular seal around each of the connectors so that when the top of the tap box was placed and screwed onto the bottom of the tap box, the hermetic seal would seal each of the coaxial connectors and thus, the top could be removed from the tap box without affecting the printed circuit board disposed therein. In alternate embodiments, the coaxial cable outputs or taps could be located in the back, top or side of the tap box and thus not need to be removed when the faceplate was removed. One advantage of the IP telephony is that the telephone call circuit is not broken just because you removed and replaced the plate or a tap circuit board in a cable distribution network. The IP telephony call will often allow you to break for several seconds to several minutes without actually losing the call.

[0111] As an alternate embodiment, a GFI or other ground fault interrupt connector may be located in a tap box or the ISD/IRG to prevent injury to small children or maintenance worker who is unplugging and disconnecting the cable system where power is provided to the home through the tap. If you do get a ground fault interrupt, the next question is how do you reset it. In one embodiment you may have it automatically reset after a period of 5 or 10 minutes. In alternate embodiments you may have to have a technician come out and open the tap or ISD/IRG box and manually reset the ground fault interrupt. In still alternate embodiments the ground fault interrupt could be reset by the user with a selection panel at the ISD/IRG. As an alternate embodiment, it is possible to locate the ISD/IRG device directly in the tap where power is already located. Or the cable may be passed through the ISD/IRG and the tap located where the ISD/IRG would be located. If the ISD/IRG is combined into the tap 60, a single ISD/IRG device can be shared with 3 or 4 houses thus drastically reducing the cost of the ISD/IRG per house. Further, the cable running to each of the individual houses who want to be ISD/IRG enabled, can be a hybrid coaxial/twisted pair cable such as an F59 HEC/3-22 made by Commscope of Hickory, N.C.

[0112] In an alternative embodiment, it may be appropriate to migrate the ISD/IRG in the direction of the cable set top terminal 131. This has advantages of providing the services and control of television services in the vicinity of the control of telephony services but assumes that there exists a commonality of facilities (twisted pair and coaxial cable) in the vicinity of the set top terminal.

[0113] One of the major problems currently with the return path is that the signal from each of the homes is at vastly different levels. The different levels on the return path signal is due to a number of factors such as differences in the in-home wiring schemes between each of the individual houses, differences in the distance from the tap to the house and differences in the distance from the particular tap the house is connected to the node. Normally, the return path is consolidated at the node and not at each of the individual tap locations. Additionally, where the return path for each of the individual homes is returned at a different frequency, the different frequencies will also have different delays. One manner of alleviating many of these problems is to place the ISD/IRG within the tap. In this manner, when return path signals are sent back to the ISD/IRG, the ISD/IRG has an opportunity to adjust the signal strength and frequency of the return signal such that when the signals arrives at the node they are all approximately the same level and therefore can be multiplexed and returned to the headend in a more efficient manner. The invention also has the advantage in that no power is required to be supplied to each of the individual houses to power the ISD/IRGs. In this configuration, the power is provided only to the tap and downstream of the taps to the houses is provided simply lifeline support on a twisted pair and the cable is not powered. Thus, there is no need to provide 90 volts or step down 90 volts downstream to the house, thus safety is increased as well as the overall efficiency of the system. Additionally, by having an active tap device, it is possible to packetize all telephone traffic at that point and thus the additional amount of bandwidth is substantially conserved since the IP packets and the voice can be compressed and simply put on the return path with all of the other IP packets from any other house utilizing the return path as well as data. The voice could be packetized in IP packets just like data and the return path could be indistinguishable between voice and data. Placing the ISD/IRG in the tap also may provide additional efficiency in that the downstream data may be packaged for a single tap location and have the tap thereafter make the distribution between each of the individual houses associated with the tap. In this manner, a greater level of efficiency can be provided over the overall cable network in both the upstream and downstream transmission directions. Another option is to include with the ISD/IRG and/or individually a separate amplifier in each tap so that the signal is amplified and filtered at each tap on the high frequency cable system. In this way, it is possible to avoid a lot of amplifiers distributed throughout the system.

[0114] For multi-dwelling units, it is also possible to use similar concepts. In a multi-dwelling unit, a line is run either from a node or from a tap with a splitter into a multi-dwelling unit then within the multi-dwelling unit there are a plurality of taps located in a patch board in the basement for supplying each of the individual dwelling units. For example, a particular apartment may have an apartment amplifier which brings the signal in off of one tap or a node and amplifies that signal and then redistributes the signal to each of the individual apartments. In this manner, the amplifier may also include a high performance ISD/IRG for supplying PBX and other user services to each of the multi-dwelling units. The high performance ISD/IRG and integrated apartment amplifier, provides the following functionality; cable television service, high speed Internet access, telephony, data services, alarm and monitoring and all of the other services with have in the 49 previous applications. The ISD/IRG in the multi-dwelling unit also provides lifeline support and may include a battery backup. The apartment house can also be wired with the hybrid coax/twisted pair cable such that each of the individual dwelling units gets not only cable television but also its telephony services directly from the high performance integrated ISD/IRG apartment complex amplifier. The ISD/IRG in either the tap or in the home environment, the ISD/IRG will be substantially the same as the prior ISD in the applications filed Dec. 31, 1997 with the exception that the ADSL modem/lifeline will be replaced by a new cable modem/lifeline configuration. Accordingly, the cable modem will need a bypass mechanism whereby a lifeline support can bypass the cable modem and power the critical phone devices within the home. This can be configured substantially the same way as the lifeline bypassing the ADSL modem in the prior applications.

[0115] As an alternative embodiment, tap encapsulation of the cable modem will allow a single cable modem to support a plurality of different users such that it may be desirable to include in a cable television tap a cable TV based modem which supports multiple users. In this manner; a single Ethernet interface/controller can control the Ethernet connection up to as many as 8 different homes. Thereafter, each of the users in each of the different homes may utilize the Ethernet connection to couple a cable modem to the home. In still further embodiments, where each of the individual users telephony and/or data is distributed over the cable network, it is desirable to encrypt this data to prevent each of the different users from having access to all other users' telephony and data. Thus, it may be desirable to also include an encrypter in the tap.

[0116] Currently, a cable modem requires approximately 10 watts of power consumption. This power consumption is extremely high for lifeline support and does not include the additional power consumption required by a IP telephony. Thus, it seems that lifeline support may require bypassing of the cable modem. In this manner, a new solution is required such as allocating the lowest 4 megahertz of the bandwidth from the tap to the home for lifeline support for the telephone. If the lowest 4 megahertz is allocated to lifeline support for the telephone with an associated voltage implied on this cable, it may be possible not to power the cable modem or to power only the portion of the cable modem such as the QAM modulator A to D converter down converter and television tuner necessary to modulate the 4 kilohertz bandwidth onto the upstream cable transmission path. One issue is that the splitters in the home or located proximate to the home need to be configured to pass the lower 4 kilohertz for lifeline telephony. If the splitters are not configured, they need to be redesigned and implemented with wide bandwidth splitters to include the lower 4 kilohertz for lifeline support. If we are running a lifeline POTS line in the lower 4 kilohertz, the tap may also be required to include a voltage converter to have 48 volt power to the coax cable connection to the home. Essentially one concept is to have all the NIU s go into a sleep cycle 50% of the time and only look for ringing or data on a periodic basis and. Thereby all of the power requirements on the entire system are substantially reduced in that the NIU is only wakened up when it is addressed. So it can be statistically managed such that if a highly unusual number of people on a particular node try and pick up the phone, the system can provide a warning message that the system is currently overloaded and all the circuits are busy and please try back later. The same thing could be utilized for bandwidth limitations whereby for IP telephony could handled on a statistical method and if the bandwidth is exceeded, it could ask the user to try back later.

[0117] For lifeline support an alternative embodiment is to power a low bandwidth amplifier and provide a reduced operational mode whereby lifeline support is sent back at a low bandwidth 4 kilohertz provided over a cable system. One way for implementing this is for the nodes and/or the hub to detect when power has failed on a particular drop line and to implement a lifeline capability for that drop line whereby each telephone will be allocated a 4 kilohertz segment until power on that drop line came back online. In this manner, lifeline could be supported with minimal voltage provided to each of the telephones and power consumption. The power supply at the node, hub and/or network interface unit may detect when power is eliminated or goes down and put itself into a power-down mode with reduced capabilities. The point is that you cannot have the system such that when it comes back up powered that you drop the telephone call, so the requirement is to maintain the telephone call either in the down mode or the if the power returns. So it may be required to use just a single amplifier and/or a single circuitry for handling those services. The safety issue is currently solved by limiting the 90 volts to 20 milliamps downstream to the house.

[0118] Referring to FIG. 16, there is shown an example of a subscriber profile 1600 for maintenance of a subscriber database at a network server platform. The subscriber profile 1600 comprises a plurality of memory areas for storing the following categories of information among others: a subscriber identity 1601, a subscriber's distribution facility description 1602, a subscriber equipment description 1603, a list of services the subscriber has subscribed to 1604 and a list of subscriber preferences 1605. Furthermore, there are provided associated files to the subscriber services file 1604 for payment and billing 1606 and premiums, awards and discounts 1607. Thus, in the present invention subscriber information as related to the desired services may be maintained. Thus, the NSP 36 may store subscriber information as it relates to, for example, cable television billing, program preferences, subscriber equipment and any other suitable information that may be useful for enhanced user services. In addition, any suitable user information related to DSL service may also be stored in the in the NSP data base.

[0119] The subscriber identity 1601 for subscriber n may include their name, names of family members and permitted family members for certain services, address, telephone numbers, e-mail addresses, password(s), PIN(s), e-mail address(es), web site url's and the like. Plural family members or employees of a subscriber business entity may have different passwords, PIN's, email addresses, web sites and the like. These individually may subscribe to or be permitted to receive different levels of service, for example, for parental guidance or employee access. In the event of employee business-related communications from the subscriber's premises, the subscriber profile should include reverse billing privileges, for example, by identifying credit card, employee telphone number or a cross-reference to a list of pre-authorized business related directory numbers the employee is authorized to call.

[0120] The subscriber distribution facility 1602 of the subscriber profile for a given subscriber n may be identified in terms of the different service drops and wireless services including satellite services to the subscriber or their bit rate or bandwidth capability and in each direction of bi-directional capability. If wireless PCS, cordless, paging or other services are provided, then the facility may be particularly described in terms of bandwidth and/or bit rate and also in terms of distance to a base station and frequencies of transmission. Serving antenna locations, frequencies and distances may also be maintained. The facility description may include the loaded or unloaded twisted pair length and gauge for each section of cable in order and cable identities and common language equipment codes for any active or passive equipment between a serving entity such as a LEC or IXC as appropriate. If the cable is unloaded, then the subscriber facility may be characterized in terms of maximum available bit rate as well as gauge, length and cable type (hicap, etc.). If the facility is coaxial, the coaxial cable description should include a description of any downstream and upstream amplifiers, passive or other active devices, the coaxial cable length sections therebetween and the amplified downstream and upstream bandwidths. The location of any nodes and back-up facilities for power and redundant amplifier capabilities would also be maintained.

[0121] Either of the twisted pair or coaxial facilities may have a fiber section. Equipment terminating the fiber at the headend or hub should be identified as well as its capabilities and power back-up characteristics. Satellite services such as direct broadcast satellite services, Iridium services and other services may be included in the facilities database. They may be described by frequency, type, bandwidth and maximum available bit rate as well as other ways.

[0122] The subscriber equipment 1603 may be identified within subscriber profile 1600 so that the service providers may be able to reasonably determine usage and capability for downloading, polling, uploading of data, applets, software and the like. Examples of subscriber equipment include controlled heating/air conditioning equipment, utility meter, security devices/systems, cable modems, ADSL modems, personal computers, telephones, vision phones, set top devices, remote controls, paging devices, wireless devices, satellite signal reception equipment and the like. Any personal computer should be fully described as to hardware, memory capabilities and application software running thereon. Peripheral devices for the personal computer should be described and their capabilities maintained such as facsimile, printer, scanner and other peripherals. An in-house wiring plan for a premises should be obtained and maintained in memory. Equipment for providing other related and integrated services should be maintained such as energy management and security equipment (fire, burglar).

[0123] Subscriber services 1604 for subscriber n relate to those subscribed to services the subscriber is authorized to receive including plain old telephone services, cable television services, pay-per-view services, information services (time, weather, sports, stock quotes, etc,), utility reading services, energy management services, direct broadcast and other satellite services, remote banking services, parental guidance, data services, paging, wireless, Internet services and the like. Also, within the services subscribed to table is an indication of the service provider's identity. For example, there will likely be a banking service provider identity that is different from a utility service provider such as gas, water and electric or a telephone service provider, cable television service provider or the like. If required information is not available at the NSP 36, links to related databases, for example, to a utility's subscriber database may be by private line data modem, secure Internet or other links that should be capable of operation in real-time to obtain required information for generating a bill or determining premiums, awards and discounts as will be described herein.

[0124] Related to subscriber to services data are files of the subscriber profile that provide billing and payment data 1606 and premiums, awards and discounts data 1607. Payment and billing data include form of payment data including credit card, debit card, electronic payment types (for example, electronic wire transfer), banks and account numbers. While it may be assumed that payment may be in one form of currency such as the United States dollar, conversion and exchange rates may be retrieved in real time in the event currency of another country is acceptable for payment. Billing and payment information is highly secure and should be stored in encrypted form and access limited.

[0125] Premiums and awards and discounts data 1607 refers to data about awards, premiums and discounts programs by program providers such as Visa, American Express, Hilton Hotels, the banks, the service providers of the subscribed to services and others. Plan details and reference data for each plan such as plan provider address are maintained for each plan. Discount programs may be run periodically by service providers and by the premium and awards providers such as by mileage plus programs. When bills are generated, premiums, awards and discounts may be retrieved and offered to the paying subscriber on their bill so that they may appropriately choose a form of payment to provide the greatest award or premium or provide the greatest discount or make informed decisions about possible new installs or purchases of products and services. In general, the subscriber may be given the choice of maximizing the greatest perceived value to them.

[0126] Finally, subscriber preferences 1605 relate to what the subscriber's preferences may be for future service offerings, sports, stock quotes and the like and permit the service provider to provide free or trial service offerings when the service matches the preference. The subscriber may input their stock holdings or favorite sports teams or personalities and indicate preferences on retrieving information about these via their home page, as a scroll on television viewing or as flash information messages. The NSP 36 collects the preferences, finds the information and downloasds the information to the subscriber via the IRG. The preferences information may include help-wanted ads (find me a job), genealogy requests (find information about relatives), library offerings (find me books), hobbies, and other preferences that may be used by the NSP 36 to assist the subscriber in locating web sites and information databases and the like of interest to the subscriber. The subscriber may indicate a wish list for the service providers of desirables such as cable modem services or digital wireless services that are presently unavailable but which the subscriber would like to trial when available. Subscriber preferences may include the subscriber's favorite brands, Chinese or Italian food requests for take-out services.

[0127] Moreover, as already described, subscriber usage data may be collected by the IRG for reporting to NSP 36. Frequented Internet sites, television shows and the like can be collected as usage statistic data, matched against other databases and used to dynamically create user preferences that the user may accept or reject when presented with the results of the process.

[0128] Now referring to FIG. 17, a process of automatically providing equipment, services and information (data of any kind) will be discussed with reference to the depicted flowchart. The algorithm should run periodically, for example, once per day, through all the subscribers to the network. At step 1700 the subscriber profile data of FIG. 16 for subscriber N is retrieved to determine what equipment and services are presently being provided. This data provides clues as to what enhancements are possible to equipment and services. At step 1710, and as discussed before, the NSP 36 may collect data or the IRG may periodically report data to the NSP. The data comprises service usage data, service preference data and changed identity data. Service usage data may include two elements: actual billable usage data such as pay-per view movies watched or long distance calls made and statistical data as to what use has been made of subservient devices during the period. As an example of the later, the different URL sites hit during Internet sessions, the free television programs watched and the like can provide clues as to user preferences. Also, the NSP database may be updated as to new equipment and service installsnew hardware and software installed or downloaded since the last period. Service preference data includes user intended data entry such as stock portfolios, food and drink preferences and the like. Also, while the user may preidentify a desire, for example, for certain goods and service, the user may limit their acquisition cost in terms of time and money as a part of the preference entry. Preferably the user identifies themself with the preference entry so that they may be associated in the database of FIG. 16. Any new people in the household or changes, for example, as to employer may be collected as well as identity data.

[0129] At step 1720, an algorithm is retrieved that is responsive to steps 1700 nd 1710 that utilizes the data and outputs a plan for providing products and services within the prescribed limitations of the user. The plan is not complete, however, without assimilating the entire picture of goods and services so that any discounts may be applied. The discounts are calculated at step 1730. For example, a user may have an indicated preference for an out-of-print book and a limitation of $20.00. The book may be available from one source at a higher price but at another source within the $20.00 provided the subscriber also subscribes to watch the related pay-per-view movie. The offer to provide the equipment/service/information is made at box 1740 for acceptance or rejection by specifically addressing the offer to the IRG.

[0130] Step 1750 relates to requests for information. The subscriber may indicate a search for genealogical data on his family. The information may be downloaded or may be offered the subscriber for a fee. The process continues as step 1760. At step 1770, the installation or subscription to new products and services is collected as an accomplished fact on a date certain or monitored for installation/subscription.

[0131] The following applications are hereby incorporated by reference:

[0132] 1. A Hybrid Fiber Twisted-pair Local Loop Network Service Architecture, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,360, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0133] 2. Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation for use in the Hybrid Fiber Twisted-pair Local Loop Network Service Architecture, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,425, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0134] 3. The VisionPhone, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,905, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0135] 4. VisionPhone Privacy Activator, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,909, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0136] 5. VisionPhone Form Factor, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,583 filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0137] 6. VisionPhone Centrally Controlled User Interface With User Selectable Options, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,576, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0138] 7. VisionPhone User Interface Having Multiple Menu Hierarchies, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,908, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0139] 8. VisionPhone Blocker, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,353, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0140] 9. VisionPhone Inter-com For Extension Phones, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,358, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0141] 10. Advertising Screen Saver, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,574, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0142] 11. Information Display for Visual Communication Device, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,906, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0143] 12. VisionPhone Multimedia Announcement Answering Machine, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,911, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0144] 13. VisionPhone Multimedia Announcement Message Toolkit, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,345, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0145] 14. VisionPhone Multimedia Video Message Reception, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,362, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0146] 15. VisionPhone Multimedia Interactive Corporate Menu Answering Machine U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,575, filed Dec. 31, 1997; Announcement,

[0147] 16. VisionPhone Multimedia Interactive On-Hold Information Menus, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,356, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0148] 17. VisionPhone Advertisement When Calling Video Non-enabled VisionPhone Users, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,361, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0149] 18. Motion Detection Advertising, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,355, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0150] 19. Interactive Commercials, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,578, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0151] 20. VisionPhone Electronic Catalogue Service, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,421, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0152] 21. A Multifunction Interface Facility Connecting Wideband Multiple Access Subscriber Loops with Various Networks, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,422, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0153] 22. Life Line Support for Multiple Service Access on Single Twisted-pair, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,343, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0154] 23. A Network Server Platform (NSP) For a Hybrid Fiber Twisted-pair (HFTP) Local Loop Network Service Architecture, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,582, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0155] 24. A Communication Server Apparatus For Interactive Commercial Service, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,344, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0156] 25. NSP Based Multicast Digital Program Delivery Services, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,580, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0157] 26. NSP Internet, JAVA Server and VisionPhone Application Server, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,354, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0158] 27. Telecommuting, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,540, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0159] 28. NSP Telephone Directory White-Yellow Page Services, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,426, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0160] 29. NSP Integrated Billing System For NSP services and Telephone services, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,359, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0161] 30. ISD and NSP Caching Server, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,419, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0162] 31. An Integrated Services Director (ISD) For HFTP Local Loop Network Service Architecture, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,417, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0163] 32. ISD and VideoPhone (Customer Premises) Local House Network, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,418, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0164] 33. ISD Wireless Network, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,363, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0165] 34. ISD Controlled Set-Top Box, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,424, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0166] 35. Integrated Remote Control and Phone, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,423, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0167] 36. Integrated Remote Control and Phone User Interface, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,420, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0168] 37. Integrated Remote Control and Phone Form Factor, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,910, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0169] 38. VisionPhone Mail Machine, (Attorney Docket No. 3493.73170) U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. ______, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0170] 39. Restaurant Ordering Via VisionPhone, (Attorney Docket No. 3493.73171) U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. ______, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0171] 40. Ticket Ordering Via VisionPhone, (Attorney Docket No. 3493.73172) U.S. Provisional Application Serial No. ______, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0172] 41. Multi-Channel Parallel/Serial Concatenated Convolutional Codes And Trellis Coded Modulation Encode/Decoder, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,342, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0173] 42. Spread Spectrum Bit Allocation Algorithm, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,842, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0174] 43. Digital Channelizer With Arbitrary Output Frequency, U.S. application Ser. No. 09/001,581, filed Dec. 31, 1997;

[0175] 44. Method And Apparatus For Allocating Data Via Discrete Multiple Tones, U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/997,167 filed Dec. 22, 1997;

[0176] 45. Method And Apparatus For Reducing Near-End Cross Talk In Discrete Multi-Tone Modulators/Demodulators, U.S. application Ser. No. 08/997,176, filed Dec. 23, 1997.

[0177] In addition, the following two earlier filed patent applications are hereby incorporated by reference:

[0178] 1. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/943,312 filed Oct. 14, 1997 entitled Wideband Communication System for the Home, to Robert R. Miller, II and Jesse E. Russell, and

[0179] 2. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/858,170, filed May 14, 1997, entitled Wide Band Transmission Through Wire, to Robert R. Miller, II, Jesse E. Russell and Richard R. Shively.

[0180] The following patent applications are related by subject matter, are concurrently filed herewith and should be deemed to be incorporated by reference heein as to their entire contents (the fourth listed application being the present application:

[0181] 1. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 70-31-4-29-19, 3493.73031) entitled Coaxial Cable/Twisted Pair Cable Telecommunciations Network Architecture of Gerszberg et al.

[0182] 2. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 80-39-27-13, 3493.73122) entitled Set Top Integrated Visionphone User Interface Having Multiple Menu Heirarchies of Gerszberg et al.

[0183] 3. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 84-43-5-24-31, 3493.73131) entitled Coaxial Cable/Twisted Pair Fed, Integrated Residence Gateway Controlled, Set-top Box of Gerszberg et al.

[0184] 4. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 85-44-25-32, 3493.73132) entitled A Network Server Platform (NSP) for a Hybrid Coaxial/Twisted Pair Local Loop Network Service Architecture of Gerszberg et al.

[0185] 5. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 86-45-8-26-33, 3493.73133) entitled A Facilities Management Platform for a Hybrid CoaxiaVTwisted Pair Local Loop Network Service Architecture of Gerszberg et al.

[0186] 6. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 87-46-1-23-34, 3493.73134) entitled Intercom for Extension Phones Using an ISD in a Cable Environment of Gerszberg et al.

[0187] 7. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 88-47-27-35-17, 3493.73135) entitled Cable Connected WAN Interconnectivity Services for Corporate Telecommuters of Gerszberg et al.

[0188] 8. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 89-48-36-18, 3493.73136) Cable Connected NSP for Telephone White-Yellow Page Services and Emergency 911 Location Identification of Gerszberg et al.

[0189] 9. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 90-49-6-37, 3493.73137) entitled A Network Server Platform for Providing Integrated Billing for CATV, Internet, Telephony and Enhanced Communications Services of Gerszberg et al.

[0190] 10. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 91-50-2-28-38, 3493.77805) entitled Method and Apparatus for Providing Uninterrupted Service in a Hybrid Fiber Coaxial System by Gerszberg et al.

[0191] 11. U.S. application Ser. No. ______ (Atty docket no. Gerszberg 92-51-3-39, 3493.77806) entitled Lifeline Service for HFCLA Network Using Wireless ISD of Gerszberg et al.

[0192] While exemplary systems and methods embodying the present invention are shown by way of example, it will be understood, of course, that the invention is not limited to these embodiments. Modifications may be made by those skilled in the art, particularly in light of the foregoing teachings. For example, each of the elements of the aforementioned embodiments may be utilized alone or in combination with elements of the other embodiments.