Electrophotographic image forming apparatus and process cartridge

[0001] 1. Field of the Invention

[0002] The present invention relates to an electrophotographic image forming apparatus and a process cartridge capable of being mounted in the electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0003] 2. Description of Related Art

[0004] Conventional image forming apparatuses using electrophotographic image forming processes employ a process cartridge system in which an electrophotographic photosensitive body and processing means working on the electrophotographic photosensitive body are integrally made to be a cartridge being detachably attachable to the main body of the image forming apparatus. Because the process cartridge system makes it possible that a user can perform the maintenance of the image forming apparatus by himself or herself without asking a service person to maintain the apparatus, the system can remarkably improve the operability of the apparatus. Consequently, the process cartridge system is widely used in an image forming apparatus.

[0005] In such a process cartridge, a first frame body for rotatably supporting a developing roller being roller-like developing means and a second frame body for rotatably supporting a photosensitive body drum being a cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive body are rotatably assembled with each other, and the photosensitive body drum and the developing roller are alongside disposed with beeping a small gap by a spacer, with being biased to approach to each other by a compressed coil spring or the like. Moreover, the frame body includes a toner containing portion for containing toner being a developer, and the second frame body includes charging means and cleaning means. As the charging means, the so-called contact charging apparatus, which charges the surface of the photosensitive body drum uniformly by applying a voltage to a charging member contacting with the photosensitive body drum directly, has been proposed and practically used.

[0006] A representative contact charging apparatus is a roller charging apparatus. The roller (or a charging roller) generally includes of a conductive base roller and a middlingly resistive layer formed on the surface of the base roller, and the roller follows the rotation of the photosensitive body drum and rotates in accordance with the rotation of the photosensitive body drum. A predetermined voltage is applied between the charging roller and the photosensitive body drum, and thereby the surface of the photosensitive body drum is charged at a uniform electric potential. Incidentally, the charging roller biased by a compressed coil spring or the like is in contact with the photosensitive body drum with a predetermined amount of nip.

[0007] On the other hand, the cleaning means generally touches a cleaning blade made of an elastic member of urethane or the like to the photosensitive body drum, and the cleaning blade scrapes residual toner on the photosensitive body drum to remove the residual toner from the photosensitive body drum. The scraped toner is collected into a waste toner containing portion in the second frame body. Moreover, the process cartridge usually hermetically contained in a packing bag made of a light shielding sheet lest the photosensitive body drum should be exposed to outside light for a long time. In such a state, the process cartridge is usually housed in a packing case to be shipped. That is, in a process cartridge not used yet, the charging roller, the cleaning blade, and the like have been abutting to the surface of the photosensitive body drum at nearly the same position from the time when the process cartridge has been shipped to the time when the process cartridge is used.

[0008] However, in the case where the process cartridge is transported in the state mentioned above, stresses such as frictional force and the like caused by vibrations, impact and the like are applied to the portion of the photosensitive body drum where the charging roller and the cleaning blade abut, so that the photosensitive body drum is sometimes charged.

[0009] In many cases, the process cartridge is left as it is for a certain period, and the charge is naturally discharged. However, if the process cartridge is left as it is for a long time in the state such that the charging roller and the like abuts against the charged portion, the charge is not naturally discharged to be memorized on the photosensitive body drum sometimes. Consequently, a black streak or a white streak is produced on a formed image owing to the memorized charge.

[0010] The present invention was made for solving the aforesaid problem. An object of the invention is to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus and a process cartridge, both being able to prevent the occurrence of an image defect such as a black streak at the initial state of the process cartridge owing to the charging of the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive body caused by frictional forces and the like arisen from vibrations and impact during the transportation of the process cartridge.

[0011] Another object of the invention is to provide an electrophotographic image forming apparatus and a process cartridge, both being able to prevent the occurrence of image defects at the initial state of the process cartridge by judging whether the process cartridge is new or not and then by controlling the charge elimination operation of the surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive body on the basis of the judgment.

[0012] An image forming apparatus according to the present invention is an electrophotographic image forming apparatus, which is able to mount a process cartridge detachably, for forming an image on a recording medium, and the electrophotographic image forming apparatus includes mounting means for making the process cartridge detachably mountable, the process cartridge including an electrophotographic photosensitive body, processing means having at least either of charging means for charging the electrophotographic photosensitive body and cleaning means for cleaning the electrophotographic photosensitive body, and storing means for storing information; transporting means for transporting the recording medium; controlling means for controlling an operation of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus to execute reading and/or writing of the information to the storing means; and exposing means for exposing the electrophotographic photosensitive body to light, wherein the controlling means controls charge elimination operation of the electrophotographic photosensitive body on a basis of the information in the storing means.

[0013] Moreover, a process cartridge according to the present invention is a process cartridge mountable in a main body of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus detachably, and the process cartridge includes an electrophotographic photosensitive body; charging means for charging a surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive body; cleaning means for cleaning the electrophotographic photosensitive body, and storing means for storing information, and the storing means stores a piece of information for controlling a charge elimination operation of the electrophotographic photosensitive body when the process cartridge is mounted in the main body of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus.

[0014] The present invention can prevent the occurrence of image defects such as a black streak at the initial state of a process cartridge owing to the charging of the surface of an electrophotographic photosensitive body caused by, for example, frictional forces and the like brought about vibrations, impact during the transportation of the process cartridge.

[0015] FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of the inside of an embodiment of an electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to the present invention;

[0016] FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configurations of the apparatus main body and a process cartridge of the embodiment of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to the invention;

[0017] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an embodiment of a charge elimination procedure;

[0018] FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional view showing the embodiment of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus according to the invention;

[0019] FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional view of the embodiment of the process cartridge according to the invention;

[0020] FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing the external appearance of the embodiment of the process cartridge according to the invention;

[0021] FIG. 7 is an explanatory perspective view of an operation of mounting the process cartridge in the apparatus main body;

[0022] FIG. 8 is an explanatory inside view of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus with the process cartridge being half mounted in the apparatus main body;

[0023] FIG. 9 is an explanatory inside view of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus with the process cartridge being completely mounted in the apparatus main body;

[0024] FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of a right side guiding configuration for guiding the attachment and the detachment of the process cartridge from the apparatus main body;

[0025] FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of a left side guiding configuration for guiding the attachment and the detachment of the process cartridge from the apparatus main body; and

[0026] FIG. 12 is an explanatory inside view of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus in a state for the detachment of the process cartridge therefrom.

[0027] Hereinafter, an electrophotographic image forming apparatus and a process cartridge according to the present invention are described in detail on the basis of the attached drawings.

[0028] First Embodiment

[0029] At first, the entire configurations of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus and the process cartridge capable of being detachably mounted in the electrophotographic image forming apparatus are described.

[0030] The electrophotographic image forming apparatus A (a laser beam printer), as shown in FIG. 4, forms a latent image on a photosensitive body drum 7, which is a cylindrically shaped electrophotographic photosensitive body and has been uniformly charged by a charging roller 8 being a roller-like charging member as charging means, by irradiating the photosensitive body drum 7 by information light based on image information from an optical system 1. Next, the image forming apparatus A forms a toner image by developing the latent image. The image forming apparatus A separates and feeds a recording medium 2 one by one from a sheet feeding cassette 3a with a pickup roller 3b and a pressuring member 3c for pressuring the pickup roller 3b synchronously with the formation of the toner image. The apparatus A transports the separated recording medium 2 with transporting means including a pair of transportation rollers 3d, a pair of registration rollers 3e, and the like. Then, the apparatus A transfers the toner image formed on the photosensitive body drum 7, which constitutes a cartridge as a process cartridge B, to the recording medium 2 by applying a voltage to a transferring roller 4 as transferring means. After that, the image forming apparatus A transports the recording medium 2 to fixing means 5 with a transporting belt 3f.

[0031] The fixing means 5 includes a drive roller 5a and a fixing rotation body 5d, which has a heater 5b therein and a cylindrical sheet supported by a supporting body 5c rotatably. The fixing means 5 fixes the toner image transferred on the passing recording medium 2 by applying heat and a pressure to the recording medium 2. Then, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus A transports the recording medium 2, on which the recorded image is fixed, with pairs of delivery rollers 3g and 3h to delivery the recording medium 2 to a delivery portion 6 through a surface reverse transporting path.

[0032] Incidentally, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus A of the present embodiment is equipped with a manual paper feeding tray 3i and a roller 3j that make manual paper feeding possible.

[0033] Moreover, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus A is provided with a connecting portion (not shown) for exchanging information with a memory element 101 being storing means equipped in the process cartridge B. The connecting portion is wired with a controller 102 (see FIG. 1 and FIG. 2) as controlling means for executing various kinds of control of the apparatus A.

[0034] On the other hand, the process cartridge B includes an electrophotographic photosensitive body and at least either of charging means for charging the electrophotographic photosensitive body and cleaning means for cleaning the toner remaining on the surface of the electrophotographic photosensitive body. In the present embodiment, a process cartridge equipped with the charging means, the cleaning means and developing means for developing a latent image formed on the electrophotographic photosensitive body is exemplified as the process cartridge B.

[0035] The process cartridge B of the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 more minutely, rotates the photosensitive body drum 7, which is a cylindrical electrophotographic photosensitive body having a photosensitive layer, and applies a voltage to the charging roller 8, which is a roller-like charging member as the charging means. Thereby, the process cartridge B uniformly charges the surface of the photosensitive body drum 7. The process cartridge B forms a latent image on the photosensitive body drum 7 by exposing the drum 7 to a light figure from the optical system 1 through an opening portion 9. Then, the process cartridge B develops the latent image with developing means 10.

[0036] In the present embodiment, the charging roller 8 is composed of an electrically conductive elastic body 8b formed on a core metal 8a in a roller-like shape and a middlingly resistive layer 8c formed on the surface layer of the elastic body 8b. Both ends of the core metal 8a are supported rotatably. The charging roller 8 is pressed onto the outer peripheral surface of the photosensitive body drum 7 at a predetermined pressing force. The charging roller 8 consequently follows the rotation of the photosensitive body drum 7 and rotates in accordance with the rotation of the drum 7. A high voltage power supply (not shown) mounted in an apparatus main body 14 generally applies a superposed voltage (VacVdc) of an alternating current (AC) component (Vac) having a peak-to-peak voltage (Vpp) being twice as large as a voltage at the time of a start of charging or more and a direct current (DC) component (Vdc) to the charging roller 8 through the core metal 8a. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of the photosensitive body drum 7, which is being driven to rotate, is processed to be uniformly charged by the AC application system.

[0037] The developing means 10 feeds the toner in a toner containing portion 10a with a first toner feeding member 10b1 and a second toner feeding member 10b2, both being capable of rotating. Moreover, the developing means 10 rotates a developing roller 10d having a fixed magnet 10c therein, and forms a toner layer, to which triboelectification charges are given by a developing blade 10e, on the surface of the developing roller 10d. Then, the developing means 10 generally visualizes the toner borne by the developing roller 10d as a toner image by applying a developing bias composed of an AC voltage and a DC voltage superimposed on the AC voltage to the developing roller 10d to transfer the toner to the photosensitive body drum 7 according to the latent image.

[0038] The electrophotographic image forming apparatus A transfers the toner image formed on the photosensitive body drum 7 to the recording medium 2 by applying a voltage having a polarity reversed to that of the toner image to the transferring roller 4. After that, the cleaning means 11 scrapes the toner remaining on the photosensitive body drum 7 with a cleaning blade 11a touching to the photosensitive body drum 7, and scoops the scraped toner with a scooping sheet 11b to collect the scooped toner into a waste toner containing portion 11c. Thus the residual toner on the photosensitive body drum 7 is eliminated to be fed to the formation of an image repeatedly.

[0039] Each member such as the photosensitive body drum 7 is contained and supported in a cartridge frame body including a toner developing frame body 12 being a first frame body and a cleaning frame body 13 being a second frame body. The toner developing frame body 12 and the cleaning frame body 13 are coupled to be a cartridge, or the cartridge frame body, which is mounted in the apparatus main body 14. The toner developing frame body 12 rotatably supports the developing roller 10d, and the frame body 12 includes the toner containing portion 10a for containing the toner being a developer. The cleaning frame body 13 rotatably supports the photosensitive body drum 7, and further the frame body 13 is provided with the charging roller 8 and the cleaning means 11. The frame bodies 12 and 13 are coupled with each other rotatably. And, the photosensitive body drum 7 and the developing roller 10d are energized to approach to each other by means of a compressed coil spring and the like, and the photosensitive body drum 7 and the developing roller 10d are disposed to be opposed to each other with a small gap packed by a spacer (not shown) between them.

[0040] Moreover, the process cartridge B is provided with the memory element (or a memory) 101 being the storing means (see FIGS. 1 and 2). The memory element 101 is provided with a connecting portion (not shown) for making it possible to read or write information from the outside. Although the memory element 101 is not specially restricted, a normal electrical memory can preferably be used. The electrical memory can arbitrarily be configured to be a nonvolatile memory, a combination of a volatile memory and a backup cell, or the like.

[0041] Next, the configuration for the attachment and the detachment of the process cartridge B is described.

[0042] Process cartridge mounting means includes guide rails 16 formed substantially symmetrically and in a curved shape (substantially an arc shape in the present embodiment). The front of guide rails 16 come down and swell downwards on both sides of the cartridge mounting space as shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 11 in the state such that an opening and closing member 15 is opened around a shaft 15a (see FIG. 4). Moreover, above each of the guide rails 16 a guide member 17 is attached. Furthermore, at the entrance side of each of the guide rails 16, a first inclining plane 16a is formed, and a second inclining plane 16b having an inclination larger than that of the first inclining plane 16a is formed successively to the first inclining plane 16a.

[0043] On the other hand, guide portions to be guided along the guide rails 16 are formed on both sides of the process cartridge B in the lengthwise direction thereof correspondingly to the guide rails 16. The guide portions are formed as if they project from positions being substantially symmetrical on the right side and the left side on both of the outside surfaces of the cartridge frame body in the lengthwise direction thereof. As shown in FIG. 6, each of the guide portions is composed of a boss 18 and a rib 19 that are integrated into one body. The boss 18 and the rib 19 are integrally formed on the cleaning frame body 13 to which the photosensitive body drum 7 is attached. The bosses 18 are positioned on an extended line of the rotation shaft of the photosensitive body drum 7. The ribs 19 are formed to be extended in the shapes of curved (substantially arc shapes in the present embodiment) to swell downwards in accordance with the shapes of the guide rails 16 to the rear side in the insertion direction of the process cartridge B successively to the bosses 18.

[0044] When the process cartridge B is mounted in such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 9, the opening and closing member 15 is opened; the bosses 18 and the ribs 19 advance along the guide rails 16 while the leading edge of the process cartridge B goes under the optical system 1 of the apparatus main body 14; and then the process cartridge B is inserted into the apparatus main body 14. The guide rails 16 are formed to be substantially an arc, and the guide members 17 located above the guide rails 16 have a shape similar to those of the guide rails 16. On the other hand, because the ribs 19 have the similar substantially arc shapes, the process cartridge B becomes substantially horizontal as it is inserted downwards.

[0045] When the process cartridge B is further pushed into the apparatus main body 14, an bumping member 20 formed on the apparatus main body 14 touches a touch surface 21 formed near to both the end portions of the leading edge of the cleaning frame body 13. Successively, the bosses 18 of the process cartridge B fall into reception concave portions 16c formed at the terminals of the guide rails 16. Thereby, drum gears (not shown) fixed at the side ends of the photosensitive body drum 7 mesh with driving gears 22 (see FIG. 11) on the side of the apparatus main body 14 to make it possible to transmit a driving force to the process cartridge B.

[0046] Next, when the opening and closing member 15 is closed, as shown in FIG. 9, a pressure member 24 that is supported by the opening and closing member 15 around its shaft and is biased by a torsion coil spring 23 touches an arm portion 25 of the cleaning frame body 13 to pressurizes the arm portion 25 at a predetermined pressure while twisting the torsion coil spring 23. Moreover, at this time, the bumping member 20 formed on the apparatus main body 14 and the touch surface 21 of the process cartridge B touch to each other to position and mount the process cartridge B. Moreover, the connecting portion formed on the apparatus main body 14 and the connecting portion formed on the process cartridge B are connected to each other, and the memory element 101 become possible to communicate with the controller 102.

[0047] When the process cartridge B is taken out from the apparatus main body 14, as shown in FIG. 12, the opening and closing member 15 is opened to release the pressurization by the pressure member 24. After the process cartridge B is pulled up so that the bosses 18 of the cartridge B run over the reception concave portions 16c, the cartridge B can be taken out in such a manner that the ribs 19 moves along the guide rails 16 while the cartridge B is pulled up to turn in a counter-clockwise rotation direction in FIG. 12.

[0048] Moreover, an opening portion through which the photosensitive body drum 7 touches the recording medium 2 to be transported is formed at the lower part of the cartridge frame described above. A drum shutter member 28 closes the opening portion when the process cartridge B is not used, and thereby the photosensitive body drum 7 is protected. As shown in FIG. 6, the drum shutter member 28 is rotatably supported by a shutter arm 27 provided rotatably around a shaft 26 on one side of the outside surfaces in the lengthwise direction of the developing frame body 12 and a link member 29 provide rotatably around the rotation center 29a on the outer side surfaces in the lengthwise direction of the cartridge frame body.

[0049] Then, as described above, when the process cartridge B is inserted into the apparatus main body 14 along the guide rails 16, a projecting portion 29b formed by the bending of the link member 29 touches the first inclining planes 16a and the second inkling planes 16b of the guide rails 16 so that the shutter member 28 is opened (see FIG. 8 and FIG. 9). Conversely, after the process cartridge B is pulled out from the apparatus main body 14, the shutter member 28 is made to close automatically by being energized by a torsion coil spring 30 (see FIG. 6) attached on the shaft 26.

[0050] Incidentally, when a user attaches or detaches the process cartridge B in the apparatus main body 14, as shown in FIG. 7, the user handles the process cartridge B by grasping a grip portion formed on the developing frame body 12. The grip portion is formed with uneven surface by many ribs 12c1 (see FIG. 6) on an inclining plane formed at the upper part of the cartridge frame body in the lengthwise direction thereof (or the direction orthogonal to the attachment and detachment direction of the process cartridge B into the apparatus main body 14). Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5, a curved portion 12a projecting downwards is formed at the lower part of the cartridge frame body. A plurality of ribs 12a9 is formed on the curved-portion 12a in the same direction as that of the ribs 12c1 to constitute the grip portion. When the user holds the process cartridge B, the user grasps it by the grip portions (or the portions of the ribs 12c1 and 12a9) and handles process cartridge B such that the bosses 18 an the ribs 19, both being formed on the cleaning frame body 13, move along the guide rails 16. Thus, the user performs the attachment or the detachment of the process cartridge B in the apparatus main body 14.

[0051] Next, the charge elimination of the photosensitive body drum 7 is described.

[0052] The memory element 101 equipped in the process cartridge B stores various kinds of information concerning the process cartridge B. By the connection of the memory element 101 with the connecting portion (not shown), the memory element 101 can exchange signals with the apparatus main body 14 or an external device.

[0053] Hereupon, the various kinds of information to be stored in the memory element 101 are the individual identification information of the process cartridge B, the information indicating the remaining amount of toner, the information concerning incorporated parts, the settings of process conditions, or the like. In the present embodiment, at least the information concerning the use history of the process cartridge B is stored in the memory element 101. Then, by means of the information, it can be judged whether the process cartridge B is new or not.

[0054] As the information concerning the use history of the process cartridge B, the predetermined information indicating that the process cartridge B is new can be stored in the memory element 101 in advance. The information generally is erased when the process cartridge B is initially mounted in the apparatus main body 14. Or, when the process cartridge B is initially mounted in the apparatus main body 14, the predetermined information indicating being used may newly be written in the memory element 101.

[0055] FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 are referred while charge elimination procedures are described.

[0056] FIG. 2 is a block diagram of the electrophotographic image forming apparatus A of the present embodiment. FIG. 2 shows the apparatus main body 14 of the apparatus A and the process cartridge B. The controller 102 of the apparatus main body 14 is connected with the memory element 101 of the process cartridge B in the sate such that the cartridge B is connected with the apparatus main body 14. Moreover, the power supply supplies electric power to the controller 102. The controller 102 totally controls the operations of each driving system (or driving power source) in the apparatus, a conveying system 3 of the recording medium 2, the fixing means 5, exposure means 1, the charging roller 8 as the charging means, the developing means 10 and the like that are integrated into the process cartridge B.

[0057] FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the charge elimination procedures. At the beginning of the procedures of the charge elimination are, first, the information concerning the use history of the process cartridge B is read into the controller 102 provided in the apparatus main body 14 (Step 1). Next, the controller 102 judges whether the process cartridge B is new (non-used) or not by the read information concerning the use history (Step 2). Then, when the process cartridge B is judged to be new at Step 2, the charge elimination operation thereof is executed (Step 3).

[0058] For example, if predetermined information has been stored in the memory element 101 in the case where the process cartridge B is new as described above, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus A judges whether the process cartridge B is new or not by confirming the information, and the apparatus A erases the information after the beginning of the use of the cartridge B. Consequently, it can be judged that the process cartridge B is not new at the time of the next detection. Or, the apparatus A may employ a method in which the use history information is not stored in the memory element 101 of a new process cartridge B and the new information is stored in the memory element 101 when the process cartridge B is begun to be used. In this case, if the apparatus A is configured to store the detection information concerning a detection result of the remaining amount of developer, the numbers of rotations of various rotation bodies such as the photosensitive body drum 7, the charging roller 8, the developing means 10, the toner feeding members 10b1, 10b2 and the like, and other information besides the information indicating the beginning of the usage into the memory element 101, the apparatus A can judge whether the process cartridge B is new or not by confirming whether any of the aforesaid information is written in the memory element 101 or not.

[0059] On the other hand, when the process cartridge B is judge not to be new at Step 2, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus A does not execute the charge elimination operation at Step 3, and executes the initial operation that is usually performed when the power supply of the apparatus A is turned on.

[0060] In the charge elimination operation at Step 3, the image forming apparatus A first rotates the photosensitive body drum 7 to expose the whole peripheral surface of the photosensitive body drum 7 by light from the optical system 1. Next, only the AC voltage component Vac is applied to the photosensitive body drum 7 from the charging roller 8. Then, after the photosensitive body drum 7 has rotated by one turn, the electrophotographic image forming apparatus A stops the rotation of the photosensitive body drum 7. After that, the apparatus A gradually reduces the AC voltage component Vac to converge to a zero volt. Because the DC component Vdc is not superposed on the AC voltage component Vac in this procedure, the surface potential of the photosensitive body drum 7 converges to the zero volt. Moreover, because the AC voltage component Vac is turned off after being reduced, no spike waveform is generated.

[0061] As described above, in some cases, the photosensitive body drum 7 is charged by the application of stresses such as frictional force and the like caused by, for example, vibrations, impact and the like during the transportation thereof in a packed state to the portion where the photosensitive body drum 7 abuts against the charging roller 8 or the portion where the drum 7 abuts against the cleaning blade 11a. However, as described above, the present embodiment is configured such that the memory element 101 to store the use history of the process cartridge B is mounted in the cartridge B to perform the charge elimination operation in addition to a usual initial operation if a not used process cartridge B is mounted into the apparatus main body 14. Thereby, the charge of the photosensitive body drum 7 can be eliminated before the image formation thereof and the so-called drum memory can be removed. Consequently, the occurrence of a black streak or a white streak on an image owing to the drum memory in the initial state of the process cartridge B can be prevented.

[0062] Incidentally, although the process cartridge B forms monochromatic images in the embodiment described above, the present invention can suitably be applied to a cartridge provided with a plurality of developing means to form an image of a plurality of colors (e.g. an image of two colors, and image of three colors, an image of full colors, and the like) as well as the process cartridge B forming the monochromatic images.

[0063] Moreover, as for the developing method, it is possible to use known various developing methods such as the two-component magnetic brush developing method, the cascade developing method, the touchdown developing method, the cloud developing method and the like. Moreover, the electrophotographic photosensitive body thereof is not limited to the aforesaid photosensitive body drum 7, but, for example, the following electrophotographic photosensitive bodies can be applied. At first, a photoconductor can be used as a photosensitive body, and, for example, amorphous silicon, amorphous selenium, zinc oxide, titanium oxide, an organic photoconductor (OPC), and the like can be used as the photoconductor. The shape of the photosensitive body may be, for example, a rotation body such as a drum, a belt and the like, a sheet, and the like. Generally, the drum photosensitive body or the belt photosensitive body is used. For example, the drum photosensitive body is made by the evaporation or the coating of a photoconductor on a cylinder made of an aluminum alloy.

[0064] Moreover, a contact charging member being the charging means may be a blade type (or a charging blade) besides the aforesaid roller type.

[0065] In the present invention, the process cartridge is equipped with an electrophotographic photosensitive body and at least either of charging means or cleaning means. Accordingly, a typical embodiment of the process cartridge includes the electrophotographic photosensitive body, either of the charging means or the cleaning means, and developing means, all being integrated to be a cartridge mountable to the apparatus main body detachably. The process cartridge may include the electrophotographic photosensitive body, the charging means, the cleaning means and the developing means, all being integrated to be a cartridge mountable in the apparatus main body detachably. The process cartridge may include the electrophotographic photosensitive body and either of the charging means or the cleaning means, all being made to be a cartridge mountable in the apparatus main body detachably.

[0066] Moreover, although the laser beam printer is exemplified as the image forming apparatus in the aforesaid embodiment, the present invention can be used in other image forming apparatus such as an electrophotographic copying machine, a facsimile apparatus, a word processor and the like.