Indolo[3.2.1-jk]carbazole-6-carbonitrile derivatives as blue fluorescent emitters for use in OLEDS

[0001] This application is a National stage application (under 35 U.S.C. § 371) of PCT/EP2021/085803, filed Dec. 15, 2021, which claims benefit of European Application No. 20215734.3, filed Dec. 18, 2020, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

[0002] The present invention relates to aromatic compounds for use in electronic devices, especially in organic electroluminescent devices, and to electronic devices, especially organic electroluminescent devices comprising these aromatic compounds.

[0003] Emitting materials used in organic electroluminescent devices are frequently phosphorescent organometallic complexes or fluorescent compounds. There is generally still a need for improvement in electroluminescent devices.

[0004] US 2010/0051928, WO 2010/104047 A1, US 2014/319507 A1, WO 2017/175690, US 2019/0393439, CN 110452226 A, WO 2019/132506 A1 and WO 2020/064666 A1 disclose polycyclic compounds that can be used in organic electroluminescent devices.

[0005] In general terms, there is still a need for improvement in these heterocyclic compounds, for example for use as emitters, especially as fluorescent emitters, particularly in relation to lifetime and colour purity, but also in relation to the efficiency and operating voltage of the device.

[0006] It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide compounds which are suitable for use in an organic electronic device, especially in an organic electroluminescent device, and which lead to good device properties when used in this device, and to provide the corresponding electronic device.

[0007] More particularly, the problem addressed by the present invention is that of providing compounds which lead to a high lifetime, good efficiency and low operating voltage.

[0008] In addition, the compounds should have excellent processability, and the compounds should especially show good solubility.

[0009] A further problem addressed by the present invention can be considered that of providing compounds suitable for use in phosphorescent or fluorescent electroluminescent devices, especially as emitter. A particular problem addressed by the present invention is that of providing emitters suitable for red, green or blue electroluminescent devices, preferably for blue electroluminescent devices.

[0010] In addition, the compounds, especially when they are used as emitters in organic electroluminescent devices, should lead to devices having excellent colour purity.

[0011] A further problem can be considered that of providing electronic devices having excellent performance very inexpensively and in constant quality.

[0012] Furthermore, it should be possible to use or adapt the electronic devices for many purposes. More particularly, the performance of the electronic devices should be maintained over a broad temperature range.

[0013] It has been found that, surprisingly, this object is achieved by particular compounds described in detail below that are of very good suitability for use in preferably electroluminescent devices and lead to organic electroluminescent devices that show very good properties, especially in relation to lifetime, colour purity, efficiency and operating voltage. The present invention therefore provides these compounds and electronic devices, especially organic electroluminescent devices, comprising such compounds.

[0014] FIG. 1 shows the photoluminescence spectra (PL spectra) of compounds ES1, ES94 and 675, measured with a Hitachi F-4500 PL spectrometer in about 10⁻⁵ molar degassed toluene solution at room temperature (about 25° C.).

[0015] The present invention provides a compound comprising at least one structure of the formula (I), preferably a compound of the formula (I),

[0016]

• • [0017] where the symbols used are as follows:
  • [0018] X is the same or different at each instance and is N, C—CN, C—Y—R^y or CR^b, preferably N, C—CN or C—Y—R^y, more preferably C—CN;
  • [0019] Y is the same or different at each instance and is CO, P(═O)R^a, SO, SO₂, C(O)O, C(S)O, C(O)S, C(═O)NR^a, C(═O)NAr, preferably CO, P(═O)R^a, SO, SO₂, more preferably CO;
  • [0020] R is the same or different at each instance and is H, D, OH, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N(Ar)₂, N(Re)₂, C(═O)N(Ar)₂, C(═O)N(Re)₂, C(Ar)₃, C(Re)₃, Si(Ar)₃, Si(Re)₃, B(Ar)₂, B(Re)₂, C(═O)Ar, C(═O)Re, P(═O)(Ar)₂, P(═O)(Re)₂, P(Ar)₂, P(Re)₂, S(═O)Ar, S(═O)Re, S(═O)₂Ar, S(═O)₂R^e, OSO₂Ar, OSO₂R^e, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may each be substituted by one or more Re radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R^eC═CR^e, C≡C, Si(R^e)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR^e, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR^e—, NR^e, P(═O)(R^e), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more Re radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals, or an arylthio or heteroarylthio group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals, or a diarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, diheteroarylamino group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals, or an arylalkyl or heteroarylalkyl group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals; at the same time, any R radical may form a ring system with a further group, preferably R^d;
  • [0021] Ar is the same or different at each instance and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals; at the same time, it is possible for two Ar radicals bonded to the same carbon atom, silicon atom, nitrogen atom, phosphorus atom or boron atom also to be joined together via a bridge by a single bond or a bridge selected from B(R^e), C(R^e)₂, Si(R^e)₂, C═O, C═NR^e, C═C(R^e)₂, O, S, S═O, SO₂, N(R^e), P(R^e) and P(═O)R^e;
  • [0022] R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e is the same or different at each instance and is H, D, OH, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N(Ar′)₂, N(R¹)₂, C(═O)N(Ar′)₂, C(═O)N(R¹)₂, C(Ar′)₃, C(R¹)₃, Si(Ar′)₃, Si(R¹)₃, B(Ar′)₂, B(R¹)₂, C(═O)Ar′, C(═O)R¹, P(═O)(Ar′)₂, P(═O)(R¹)₂, P(Ar′)₂, P(R¹)₂, S(═O)Ar′, S(═O)R¹, S(═O)₂Ar′, S(═O)₂R¹, OSO₂Ar′, OSO₂R¹, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R¹C═CR¹, C≡C, Si(R¹)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR¹, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR¹—, NR¹, P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals; at the same time, two R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e radicals may also form a ring system together or with a further group, preferably R or R^y;
  • [0023] R^y is the same or different at each instance and is C(Ar′)₃, C(R¹)₃, Si(Ar′)₃, Si(R¹)₃, N(Ar′)₂, N(R¹)₂, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R¹C═CR¹, C≡C, Si(R¹)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR¹, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR¹—, NR¹, P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, where any CH₂ group bonded to the Y radical may not be replaced by C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR¹, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR¹—, P(═O)(R¹), SO or SO₂, where any CH₂ group bonded to the Y radical may more preferably not be replaced by Si(R¹)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR¹, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR¹—, NR¹, P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals; at the same time, two R^y radicals may also form a ring system with one another, or one R^y radical together with one R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e radical, preferably an R^a radical;
  • [0024] Ar′ is the same or different at each instance and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals; at the same time, it is possible for two Ar′ radicals bonded to the same carbon atom, silicon atom, nitrogen atom, phosphorus atom or boron atom also to be joined together via a bridge by a single bond or a bridge selected from B(R¹), C(R¹)₂, Si(R¹)₂, C═O, C═NR¹, C═C(R¹)₂, O, S, S═O, SO₂, N(R¹), P(R¹) and P(═O)R¹;
  • [0025] R¹ is the same or different at each instance and is H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N(Ar″)₂, N(R²)₂, C(═O)Ar″, C(═O)R², P(═O)(Ar″)₂, P(Ar″)₂, B(Ar″)₂, B(R²)₂, C(Ar″)₃, C(R²)₃, Si(Ar″)₃, Si(R²)₃, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by —R²C═CR²—, —C≡C—, Si(R²)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR², —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR²—, NR², P(═O)(R²), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂ and where one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or an aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or a combination of these systems; at the same time, two or more, preferably adjacent R¹ radicals together may form a ring system; at the same time, one or more R¹ radicals may form a ring system with a further part of the compound;
  • [0026] Ar″ is the same or different at each instance and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals; at the same time, it is possible for two Ar″ radicals bonded to the same carbon atom, silicon atom, nitrogen atom, phosphorus atom or boron atom also to be joined together via a bridge by a single bond or a bridge selected from B(R²), C(R²)₂, Si(R²)₂, C═O, C═NR², C═C(R²)₂, O, S, S═O, SO₂, N(R²), P(R²) and P(═O)R²;
  • [0027] R² is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, an aliphatic hydrocarbyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and in which one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I or CN and which may be substituted by one or more alkyl groups each having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; at the same time, two or more, preferably adjacent substituents R² together may form a ring system.

[0028] It may preferably be the case that at least one, preferably at least two, of the R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e radicals are not H, preferably not H, D, OH, NO₂, F, Cl, Br, I. Accordingly, R is preferably selected from CN, N(Ar)₂, N(R^e)₂, C(═O)N(Ar)₂, C(═O)N(R^e)₂, C(Ar)₃, C(R^e)₃, Si(Ar)₃, Si(R^e)₃, B(Ar)₂, B(R^e)₂, C(═O)Ar, C(═O)R^e, P(═O)(Ar)₂, P(═O)(R^e)₂, P(Ar)₂, P(R^e)₂, S(═O)Ar, S(═O)R^e, S(═O)₂Ar, S(═O)₂R^e, OSO₂Ar, OSO₂R^e, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R^e radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R^eC═CR^e, C≡C, Si(R^e)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR^e, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR^e—, NR^e, P(═O)(R^e), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R^e radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals, or an arylthio or heteroarylthio group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals, or a diarylamino, arylheteroarylamino, diheteroarylamino group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals, or an arylalkyl or heteroarylalkyl group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals; at the same time, an R radical may form a ring system with a further group, preferably R^d; and/or at least one of the R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e radicals is preferably the same or different at each instance and is selected from CN, N(Ar′)₂, N(R¹)₂, C(═O)N(Ar′)₂, C(═O)N(R¹)₂, C(Ar′)₃, C(R¹)₃, Si(Ar′)₃, Si(R¹)₃, B(Ar′)₂, B(R¹)₂, C(═O)Ar′, C(═O)R¹, P(═O)(Ar′)₂, P(═O)(R¹)₂, P(Ar′)₂, P(R¹)₂, S(═O)Ar′, S(═O)R¹, S(═O)₂Ar′, S(═O)₂R¹, OSO₂Ar′, OSO₂R¹, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R¹C═CR¹, CC, Si(R¹)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR¹, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR¹—, NR¹, P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals; at the same time, two R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e radicals may also form a ring system together or with a further group.

[0029] It may preferably be the case that at least one of the R^a radicals, preferably both R^a radicals, is/are not H, where, more preferably, at least one of the R^a radicals, preferably both R^a radicals, is/are not H, D, F, Cl, Br, I. In this context, the details set out above with regard to preferred R^a radicals should be taken into account.

[0030] It may preferably further be the case that at least one of the R^c radicals, preferably both R^c radicals, is/are not H, where, more preferably, at least one of the R^c radicals, preferably both R^c radicals, is/are not H, D, F, Cl, Br, I. In this context, the details set out above with regard to preferred R^c radicals should be taken into account.

[0031] More preferably, it may further be the case that at least one of the R^a radicals and at least one of the R^c radicals is not H, preferably not H, D, F, Cl, Br, I. Especially preferably, both R^a radicals and both R^c radicals are not H, preferably not H, D, F, Cl, Br, I In this context, the details set out above with regard to preferred R^a and R^c radicals should be taken into account.

[0032] It may preferably further be the case that at least one, preferably at least two, of the R^a, R^c radicals is/are a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R¹C═CR¹, C≡C, Si(R¹)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR¹, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR¹—, NR¹, P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂.

[0033] In a preferred configuration, it may be the case that the R radical is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 13 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals.

[0034] In a further-preferred configuration, it may be the case that two R^a radicals together with the further groups to which the two R^a radicals bind form a fused ring, preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring having 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring having 5 to 13 ring atoms, more preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring which has 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, where R¹ has the definition given above.

[0035] Furthermore, it may preferably be the case that two R^c radicals together with the further groups to which the two R^c radicals bind form a fused ring, preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring having 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring having 5 to 13 ring atoms, more preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring which has 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, where R¹ has the definition given above.

[0036] In an especially preferred embodiment, the R radical comprises an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 13 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals, and at least two R^a, R^c radicals together with the further groups to which the two R^a, R^c radicals bind form a fused ring that may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals. Preferably, a compound/structure of the invention accordingly comprises at least one, preferably two, fused rings that are formed by the two R^a and/or R^c radicals together with the further groups to which the two R^a, R^c radicals bind, and the R radical is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 13 aromatic ring atoms. Fused rings here may be aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic, with preferred configurations set out above and hereinafter, preferably with formation of an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring having 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring having 5 to 13 ring atoms, more preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring which has 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals.

[0037] If X is a C—Y—R^y group, it may preferably be the case that:

• • [0038] R^y is the same or different at each instance and is C(Ar′)₃, C(R¹)₃, Si(Ar′)₃, Si(R¹)₃, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl or alkynyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R¹C═CR¹, C≡C, Si(R¹)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR¹, —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR¹—, NR¹, P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, where any CH₂ group bonded to the Y radical may not be replaced by the groups mentioned, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals; at the same time, two R^y radicals may also form a ring system with one another, or one R^y radical together with one R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e radical, preferably an R^a radical.

[0039] In addition, it may preferably be the case that the R^y radical bonded to the Y group and the R^a radical adjacent to the group, together with the further groups to which the two R^y, R^a radicals bind, form a fused ring, preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring having 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring having 5 to 13 ring atoms, more preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring which has 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, where R¹ has the definition given above. In addition, it is also possible for one R^b radical and one R^y radical together with the further groups to which the two R^y, R^a radicals bind to form a fused ring, as set out above for the R^a radical, preference being given to ring formation via an R^a radical.

[0040] In addition, it may more preferably be the case that the R^y radical bonded to the Y group adjacent to the Y group does not have an acidic proton, preferably ruling out keto-enol tautomerism in the case that Y is C═O. An acidic proton in this context is a proton having a high pKa, where the pKa of a proton is preferably at least 21, more preferably at least 22 and especially preferably at least 25. Preferably, an R^y radical bonded to the Y group and the R^a or R^b radical adjacent to the group, together with the further groups to which the two R^y, R^a radicals bind, form a fused, bridged ring that satisfies Bredt's rule, with the bridging atom binding directly to the Y group.

[0041] An aryl group in the context of this invention contains 6 to 40 carbon atoms, a heteroaryl group in the context of this invention contains 2 to 40 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom, with the proviso that the sum total of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5. The heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and/or S. An aryl group or heteroaryl group is understood here to mean either a simple aromatic cycle, i.e. benzene, or a simple heteroaromatic cycle, for example pyridine, pyrimidine, thiophene, etc., or a fused (annelated) aryl or heteroaryl group, for example naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene, quinoline, isoquinoline, etc. Aromatic systems joined to one another by a single bond, for example biphenyl, by contrast, are not referred to as an aryl or heteroaryl group but as an aromatic ring system.

[0042] An electron-deficient heteroaryl group in the context of the present invention is a heteroaryl group having at least one heteroaromatic six-membered ring having at least one nitrogen atom. Further aromatic or heteroaromatic five-membered or six-membered rings may be fused onto this six-membered ring. Examples of electron-deficient heteroaryl groups are pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, quinoline, quinazoline or quinoxaline.

[0043] An aromatic ring system in the context of this invention contains 6 to 60 carbon atoms in the ring system, preferably 6 to 40 carbon atoms in the ring system. A heteroaromatic ring system in the context of this invention contains 2 to 60 carbon atoms, preferably 3 to 40 carbon atoms, and at least one heteroatom in the ring system, with the proviso that the sum total of carbon atoms and heteroatoms is at least 5. The heteroatoms are preferably selected from N, O and/or S. An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system in the context of this invention shall be understood to mean a system which does not necessarily contain only aryl or heteroaryl groups, but in which it is also possible for two or more aryl or heteroaryl groups to be joined by a nonaromatic unit, for example a carbon, nitrogen or oxygen atom. For example, systems such as fluorene, 9,9′-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylfluorene, triarylamine, diaryl ethers, stilbene, etc. shall also be regarded as aromatic ring systems in the context of this invention, and likewise systems in which two or more aryl groups are joined, for example, by a short alkyl group. Preferably, the aromatic ring system is selected from fluorene, 9,9′-spirobifluorene, 9,9-diarylamine or groups in which two or more aryl and/or heteroaryl groups are joined to one another by single bonds.

[0044] In the context of the present invention, an aliphatic hydrocarbyl radical or an alkyl group or an alkenyl or alkynyl group which may contain 1 to 20 carbon atoms and in which individual hydrogen atoms or CH₂ groups may also be substituted by the abovementioned groups is preferably understood to mean the methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, s-butyl, t-butyl, 2-methylbutyl, n-pentyl, s-pentyl, neopentyl, cyclopentyl, n-hexyl, neohexyl, cyclohexyl, n-heptyl, cycloheptyl, n-octyl, cyclooctyl, 2-ethylhexyl, trifluoromethyl, pentafluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, ethenyl, propenyl, butenyl, pentenyl, cyclopentenyl, hexenyl, cyclohexenyl, heptenyl, cycloheptenyl, octenyl, cyclooctenyl, ethynyl, propynyl, butynyl, pentynyl, hexynyl, heptynyl or octynyl radicals. An alkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is preferably understood to mean methoxy, trifluoromethoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, i-propoxy, n-butoxy, i-butoxy, s-butoxy, t-butoxy, n-pentoxy, s-pentoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, n-hexoxy, cyclohexyloxy, n-heptoxy, cycloheptyloxy, n-octyloxy, cyclooctyloxy, 2-ethylhexyloxy, pentafluoroethoxy and 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy. A thioalkyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is understood to mean especially methylthio, ethylthio, n-propylthio, i-propylthio, n-butylthio, i-butylthio, s-butylthio, t-butylthio, n-pentylthio, s-pentylthio, n-hexylthio, cyclohexylthio, n-heptylthio, cycloheptylthio, n-octylthio, cyclooctylthio, 2-ethylhexylthio, trifluoromethylthio, pentafluoroethylthio, 2,2,2-trifluoroethylthio, ethenylthio, propenylthio, butenylthio, pentenylthio, cyclopentenylthio, hexenylthio, cyclohexenylthio, heptenylthio, cycloheptenylthio, octenylthio, cyclooctenylthio, ethynylthio, propynylthio, butynylthio, pentynylthio, hexynylthio, heptynylthio or octynylthio. In general, alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl groups according to the present invention may be straight-chain, branched or cyclic, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by the abovementioned groups; in addition, it is also possible for one or more hydrogen atoms to be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO₂, preferably F, Cl or CN, further preferably F or CN, especially preferably CN.

[0045] An aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5-60 or 5-40 aromatic ring atoms and may also be substituted in each case by the abovementioned radicals and which may be joined to the aromatic or heteroaromatic system via any desired positions is understood to mean especially groups derived from benzene, naphthalene, anthracene, benzanthracene, phenanthrene, pyrene, chrysene, perylene, fluoranthene, naphthacene, pentacene, benzopyrene, biphenyl, biphenylene, terphenyl, triphenylene, fluorene, spirobifluorene, dihydrophenanthrene, dihydropyrene, tetrahydropyrene, cis- or trans-indenofluorene, cis- or trans-indenocarbazole, cis- or trans-indolocarbazole, truxene, isotruxene, spirotruxene, spiroisotruxene, furan, benzofuran, isobenzofuran, dibenzofuran, thiophene, benzothiophene, isobenzothiophene, dibenzothiophene, pyrrole, indole, isoindole, carbazole, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, acridine, phenanthridine, benzo-5,6-quinoline, benzo-6,7-quinoline, benzo-7,8-quinoline, phenothiazine, phenoxazine, pyrazole, indazole, imidazole, benzimidazole, naphthimidazole, phenanthrimidazole, pyridimidazole, pyrazinimidazole, quinoxalinimidazole, oxazole, benzoxazole, naphthoxazole, anthroxazole, phenanthroxazole, isoxazole, 1,2-thiazole, 1,3-thiazole, benzothiazole, pyridazine, hexaazatriphenylene, benzopyridazine, pyrimidine, benzopyrimidine, quinoxaline, 1,5-diazaanthracene, 2,7-diazapyrene, 2,3-diazapyrene, 1,6-diazapyrene, 1,8-diazapyrene, 4,5-diazapyrene, 4,5,9,10-tetraazaperylene, pyrazine, phenazine, phenoxazine, phenothiazine, fluorubine, naphthyridine, azacarbazole, benzocarboline, phenanthroline, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4-triazole, benzotriazole, 1,2,3-oxadiazole, 1,2,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,5-oxadiazole, 1,3,4-oxadiazole, 1,2,3-thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, 1,2,5-thiadiazole, 1,3,4-thiadiazole, 1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,4-triazine, 1,2,3-triazine, tetrazole, 1,2,4,5-tetrazine, 1,2,3,4-tetrazine, 1,2,3,5-tetrazine, purine, pteridine, indolizine and benzothiadiazole, or groups derived from combinations of these systems.

[0046] The wording that two or more radicals together may form a ring, in the context of the present description, should be understood to mean, inter alia, that the two radicals are joined to one another by a chemical bond with formal elimination of two hydrogen atoms. This is illustrated by the following scheme:

[0047]

[0048] In addition, however, the abovementioned wording shall also be understood to mean that, if one of the two radicals is hydrogen, the second radical binds to the position to which the hydrogen atom was bonded, forming a ring. This shall be illustrated by the following scheme:

[0049]

[0050] In a preferred configuration, the compounds of the invention may comprise a structure of the formulae (I-1) to (I-81); more preferably, the compounds of the invention may be selected from the compounds of the formulae (I-1) to (I-83):

[0051]

• • [0052] where the symbols R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e and R^y have the definitions given above, especially for formula (I), and the further symbols and indices used are as follows:
  • [0053] X¹ is the same or different at each instance and is N or CR^e, preferably CR^e, with the proviso that not more than two of the X¹ groups in one cycle are N;
  • [0054] Y¹ is the same or different at each instance and is C(R^e)₂, (R^e)₂C—C(R^e)₂ (R^e)C═C(R^e), NR^e, NAr′, O, S, SO, SO₂, Se, P(O)R^e, BR^e or Si(R^e)₂, preferably C(R^e)₂, (R^e)₂C—C(R^e)₂, (R^e)C═C(R^e), O or S, more preferably C(R^e)₂;
  • [0055] T¹ is the same or different at each instance and is a fused ring, preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring having 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring having 5 to 13 ring atoms, more preferably an aliphatic or heteroaliphatic ring having 3 to 20, preferably 5 to 18, ring atoms, which may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, where R¹ has the definition given above, especially for formula (I);
  • [0056] n is 0, 1, 2 or 3, preferably 0, 1 or 2;
  • [0057] m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 0, 1 or 2.

[0058] Surprisingly, compounds/structures in which the symbol X in formula (I) is C—CN show unexpected advantages with regard to performance, especially in relation to colour purity, such that compounds having two cyano substituents on the aromatic rings show distinctly narrower emission spectra. Surprisingly, preference is given to the structures/compounds of the formulae (I-1) to (I-13), and particular preference to structures/compounds of the formulae (I-1) to (I-7).

[0059] In a preferred configuration of the present invention, it may be the case that at least two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals together with the further groups to which the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind form a fused ring, where the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals form at least one structure of the following formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10)

[0060]

• • [0061] where R¹ and R² have the definitions set out above, the dotted bonds represent the sites of attachment to the atoms of the groups to which the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind, and in addition:
  • [0062] Z¹, Z³ is the same or different at each instance and is C(R³)₂, Si(R³)₂, O, S, NR³ or C(═O);
  • [0063] Z² is C(R¹)₂, Si(R¹)₂, O, S, NR¹ or C(═O), where two adjacent groups Z² represent —CR¹═CR¹— or an ortho-bonded arylene or heteroarylene group having 5 to 14 aromatic ring atoms which may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals;
  • [0064] G is an alkylene group which has 1, 2 or 3 carbon atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, —CR¹═CR¹— or an ortho-bonded arylene or heteroarylene group which has 5 to 14 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals;
  • [0065] R¹ is the same or different at each instance and is H, D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N(Ar″)₂, N(R²)₂, C(═O)Ar″, C(═O)R², P(═O)(Ar″)₂, P(Ar″)₂, B(Ar″)₂, B(R²)₂, C(Ar″)₃, C(R²)₃, Si(Ar″)₃, Si(R²)₃, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by —R²C═CR²—, —C≡C—, Si(R²)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR², —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR²—, NR², P(═O)(R²), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂ and where one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or an aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or a combination of these systems; at the same time, two R³ radicals which are bonded to the same carbon atom together may form an aliphatic or aromatic ring system and thus span a spiro system; in addition, R³ may form a ring system, preferably an aliphatic ring system, with a preferably adjacent R, R^a, R^c, R^d, R^e or R¹ radical;
  • [0066] with the proviso that no two heteroatoms in these groups are bonded directly to one another and no two C═O groups are bonded directly to one another.

[0067] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R³ is not H and/or D.

[0068] When adjacent radicals in the structures of the invention form an aliphatic ring system, it is preferable when the latter does not have any acidic benzylic protons. Benzylic protons are understood to mean protons which bind to an alkyl carbon atom bonded directly to an aryl or heteroaryl group.

[0069] This can be achieved by virtue of the carbon atoms in the aliphatic ring system which bind directly to an aryl or heteroaryl group being fully substituted and not containing any bonded hydrogen atoms. Thus, the absence of acidic benzylic protons in the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-3) is achieved by virtue of Z¹ and Z³, when they are C(R³)₂, being defined such that R³ is not hydrogen. This can additionally also be achieved by virtue of the carbon atoms in the aliphatic ring system which bind directly to an aryl or heteroaryl group being the bridgeheads in a bi- or polycyclic structure. The protons bonded to bridgehead carbon atoms, because of the spatial structure of the bi- or polycycle, are significantly less acidic than benzylic protons on carbon atoms which are not bonded within a bi- or polycyclic structure, and are regarded as non-acidic protons in the context of the present invention. Thus, the absence of acidic benzylic protons in formulae (Cy-4) to (Cy-10) is achieved by virtue of this being a bicyclic structure, as a result of which R¹, when it is H, is much less acidic than benzylic protons since the corresponding anion of the bicyclic structure is not mesomerically stabilized. Even when R¹ in formulae (Cy-4) to (Cy-10) is H, this is therefore a non-acidic proton in the context of the present application.

[0070] It may preferably be the case that, especially in formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-3):

• • [0071] R¹ is the same or different at each instance and is F, Cl, Br, I, CN, NO₂, N(Ar″)₂, N(R²)₂, C(═O)Ar″, C(═O)R², P(═O)(Ar″)₂, P(Ar″)₂, B(Ar″)₂, B(R²)₂, C(Ar″)₃, C(R²)₃, Si(Ar″)₃, Si(R²)₃, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by —R²C═CR²—, —C≡C—, Si(R²)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR², —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR²—, NR², P(═O)(R²), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂ and where one or more hydrogen atoms may be replaced by D, F, Cl, Br, I, CN or NO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or an aralkyl or heteroaralkyl group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, or a combination of these systems; at the same time, two R³ radicals which are bonded to the same carbon atom together may form an aliphatic or aromatic ring system and thus span a spiro system; in addition, R³ may form a ring system, preferably an aliphatic ring system, with a preferably adjacent R, R^a, R^c, R^d, R^e, R¹ radical or with a further group.

[0072] It may preferably be the case that, especially in formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-3):

• • [0073] R³ is the same or different at each instance and is F, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkyl or alkenyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, where one or more adjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R²C═CR², C≡C, Si(R²)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR², —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR²—, NR², P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals; at the same time, it is also possible for two R³ radicals together or one R³ radical together with an R, R^a, R^c, R^d, R^e, R¹ radical or together with a further group to form a ring system, preferably an aliphatic ring system.

[0074] In a preferred embodiment of the structure of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), not more than one of the Z¹, Z² and Z³ groups is a heteroatom, especially O or NR³, or O or NR¹, and the other groups are C(R³)₂ or C(R¹)₂, or Z¹ and Z³ are the same or different at each instance and are 0 or NR³ and Z² is C(R¹)₂. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, Z¹ and Z³ are the same or different at each instance and are C(R³)₂, and Z² is C(R¹)₂ and more preferably C(R³)₂ or CH₂.

[0075] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the R¹ radical bonded to the bridgehead atom, preferably to the bridgehead atom in formulae (Cy-4) to (Cy-10), is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group which has 1 to 10 carbon atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, a branched or cyclic alkyl group which has 3 to 10 carbon atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 12 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals. More preferably, the R¹ radical bonded to the bridgehead atom in formula (CY-4) is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a branched alkyl group having 3 or 4 carbon atoms and a phenyl group which may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, but is preferably unsubstituted. Most preferably, the R¹ radical is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, methyl and tert-butyl.

[0076] In a preferred development of the present invention, it may be the case that at least two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals together with the further groups to which the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind form a fused ring, where the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals form at least one structure of the formulae (RA-1) to (RA-13)

[0077]

• • [0078] where R¹ has the definition set out above, the dotted bonds represent the sites of attachment via which the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind, and the further symbols have the following definition:
  • [0079] Y² is the same or different at each instance and is C(R¹)₂, (R¹)₂C—C(R¹)₂, (R¹)C═C(R¹), NR¹, NAr′, O or S, preferably C(R¹)₂, (R¹)₂C—C(R¹)₂, (R¹)C═C(R¹), O or S;
  • [0080] R^f is the same or different at each instance and is F, a straight-chain alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms or an alkyl or alkenyl group having 2 to 40 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl, alkoxy, thioalkoxy, alkenyl or alkynyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, where one or more nonadjacent CH₂ groups may be replaced by R²C═CR², C≡C, Si(R²)₂, C═O, C═S, C═Se, C═NR², —C(═O)O—, —C(═O)NR²—, NR², P(═O)(R¹), —O—, —S—, SO or SO₂, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, or an aryloxy or heteroaryloxy group which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals; at the same time, it is also possible for two R^f radicals together or one R^f radical together with an R¹ radical or together with a further group to form a ring system;
  • [0081] r is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 0, 1 or 2, more preferably 0 or 1;
  • [0082] s is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6, preferably 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 0, 1 or 2;
  • [0083] t is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, preferably 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 0, 1 or 2;
  • [0084] v is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 or 9, preferably 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 0, 1 or 2.

[0085] Preference is given here to structures of the formulae RA-1, RA-3, RA-4 and RA-5, and particular preference to structures of the formulae RA-4 and RA-5.

[0086] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at least two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals together with the further groups to which the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind form a fused ring, where the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals preferably form at least one of the structures of the formulae (RA-1a) to (RA-4f)

[0087]

• • [0088] where the dotted bonds represent the sites of attachment via which the two R, R^a, R^b, RC, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind, the index m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 0, 1 or 2, and the symbols R¹, R², R^f and indices s and t have the definition given above, especially for formula (I) and/or formulae (RA-1) to (RA-13).

[0089] Preference is given here to structures of the formula RA-4f.

[0090] It may further be the case that two R^a radicals form the structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form a fused ring.

[0091] In addition, it may be the case that one R^a radical and one R^y radical form structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form a fused ring, where the R^a radical and the R^y radical are preferably adjacent. Furthermore, one R^b radical and one R^y radical may also form structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form a fused ring, preference being given to ring formation via an R^a radical.

[0092] It may additionally be the case that two R^c radicals form the structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form a fused ring.

[0093] In a further configuration, it may be the case that two R^b radicals form the structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form a fused ring, where the R^b radicals are preferably adjacent. In addition, the two R^b radicals may also come from different rings, in which case the rings each bind to the nitrogen atom of the base skeleton.

[0094] It may further be the case that one R^d radical together with one R or R^e radical form the structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form a fused ring.

[0095] It may additionally be the case that two R^e radicals form the structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form a fused ring, where the R^e radicals are preferably adjacent.

[0096] In this case, preferably two R^a radicals, two R^c radicals, one R^d radical together with one R or R^e radical or two R^e radicals form the structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and form at least one fused ring, more preferably two R^a radicals and/or two R^c radicals. Especially preferably, two R^a radicals and two R^c radicals each form a fused ring.

[0097] In a further-preferred configuration, at least two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals together with the further groups to which the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind form a fused ring, where the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals form structures of the formula (RB),

[0098]

• • [0099] where R¹ has the definition given above, especially for formula (I), the dotted bonds represent the bonding sites via which the two R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals bind, the index m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 0, 1 or 2, and Y³ is C(R¹)₂, NR¹, NAr′, BR¹, BAr′, O or S, preferably C(R¹)₂, NAr′ or O, where Ar′ has the definition given above, especially for formula (I).

[0100] It may be the case here that one R^d radical together with one R or R^e radical form the structures of the formula (RB) and form a fused ring. It may further be the case that two R^e radicals form the structures of the formula (RB) and form a fused ring, where the R^e radicals are preferably adjacent.

[0101] More particularly, it may be the case that, in preferred structures/compounds, the sum total of the indices r, s, t, v, m and n is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, more preferably 1 or 2.

[0102] It may preferably be the case that the compounds have at least two fused rings, where at least one fused ring is formed by structures of the formulae (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and a further ring by structures of the formulae (RA-1) to (RA-13), (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) or (RB).

[0103] If the compounds have at least two fused rings, preferably two R^a radicals, two R^c radicals, one R^d radical together with one R or R^e radical or two R^e radicals form the structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), (RA-1) to (RA-13) and/or (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) and each form at least one fused ring, more preferably two R^a radicals and two R^c radicals.

[0104] In addition, it may preferably be the case that the fused ring T¹, shown in formulae including (I-48) to (I-64), is selected from a structure of the formulae (TCY-1) to (TRA-13) or (TRA-4f)

[0105]

• • [0106] where the symbols R¹ and R² have the definitions set out above, especially for formula (I), the symbols Z¹, Z², G and R³ have the definition set out above, especially for formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10), and Z⁴ is the same or different at each instance and is C(R³)₂, O, S or NR³, and is preferably the same or different at each instance and is C(R³)₂, with the proviso that, in these groups, no two heteroatoms are bonded directly to one another and no two C═O groups are bonded directly to one another, the symbols Y² and R^f and the indices r, s, t and v have the definitions given above, especially for formulae (RA-1) to (RA-13), the index m is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, preferably 0, 1 or 2, and the dotted bonds represent the sites of attachment of the fused ring to the further groups.

[0107] It may additionally be the case that the substituents R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹ and R² according to the above formulae do not form a fused aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with the ring atoms of the ring system to which the substituents R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹ and R² bind. This includes the formation of a fused aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system with possible substituents R¹ and R² that may be bonded to the R, R^a, R^b, RC, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y and R¹ radicals.

[0108] When the compound of the invention is substituted by aromatic or heteroaromatic R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹ or R² groups, it is preferable when these do not have any aryl or heteroaryl groups having more than two aromatic six-membered rings fused directly to one another. More preferably, the substituents do not have any aryl or heteroaryl groups having six-membered rings fused directly to one another at all. The reason for this preference is the low triplet energy of such structures. Fused aryl groups which have more than two aromatic six-membered rings fused directly to one another but are nevertheless also suitable in accordance with the invention are phenanthrene and triphenylene, since these also have a high triplet level.

[0109] It may therefore preferably be the case that the R radical does not have any through-conjugated anthracene group; preferably, none of the R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹, R² radicals comprises a through-conjugated anthracene group.

[0110] Through-conjugation of the anthracene group is formed if direct bonds are formed between the anthracene group, the base skeleton of the invention shown in formula (I), and an optional aromatic or heteroaromatic connecting group. A further bond between the aforementioned conjugated groups, for example via a sulfur, nitrogen or oxygen atom or a carbonyl group, is not detrimental to conjugation. In the case of a fluorene system, the two aromatic rings are bonded directly, where the sp³-hybridized carbon atom in position 9 does prevent fusion of these rings, but conjugation is possible, since this sp³-hybridized carbon atom in position 9 does not necessarily lie between the groups connected via a connecting group. In contrast, in the case of a spirobifluorene structure, through-conjugation can be formed if the bond between the groups connected via the spirobifluorene group is via the same phenyl group in the spirobifluorene structure or via phenyl groups in the spirobifluorene structure that are bonded directly to one another and are in one plane. If the bond between the groups connected via a spirobifluorene group is via different phenyl groups in the second spirobifluorene structure bonded via the sp³-hybridized carbon atom in position 9, the conjugation is interrupted.

[0111] It may also be particularly preferable that the R radical does not comprise any anthracene group; preferably, none of the R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹, R² radicals comprises an anthracene group.

[0112] Very especially preferably, it may further be the case that the R radical does not comprise any aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having three linear-condensed aromatic 6-membered rings, where preferably none of the R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹, R² radicals comprises an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having three linear-condensed aromatic 6-membered rings.

[0113] It may further be the case that the R^y radical does not comprise or form a fluorenone group; preferably, none of the radicals R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e comprises or forms a fluorenone group. This includes substituents that bind to the R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^y radicals. A fluorenone comprises a 5-membered ring with a CO group to which two aromatic 6-membered rings are fused.

[0114] When two radicals that may especially be selected from R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹ and R² form a ring system with one another, this ring system may be mono- or polycyclic, aliphatic, heteroaliphatic, aromatic or heteroaromatic. In this case, the radicals which together form a ring system may be adjacent, meaning that these radicals are bonded to the same carbon atom or to carbon atoms directly bonded to one another, or they may be further removed from one another. In addition, the ring systems provided with the substituents R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹ and/or R² may also be joined to one another via a bond, such that this can bring about a ring closure. In this case, each of the corresponding bonding sites has preferably been provided with a substituent R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f, R^y, R¹ and/or R².

[0115] It may preferably be the case that the structure/compound is symmetric in relation to the R^a and R^c radicals. It may additionally be the case that the structure/compound is symmetric in relation to the R^a, R^b and R^c radicals. It may further be the case that the structure/compound is symmetric in relation to the R^a, R^b, R^c and R^d radicals.

[0116] What is meant more particularly by symmetric in relation to the R^a and R^c radicals is that the corresponding R^a and R^c radicals are the same and do not differ. In this case, the sameness relates to both radicals R^a and R^c. If two R^a radicals, for example, form a ring of the structure RA-1, the two R^c radicals form an identical ring of structure RA-1.

[0117] Structures/compounds in which the R^a and R^c radicals are symmetric are notable for surprisingly high colour purity which is reflected particularly in a narrow emission spectrum.

[0118] In a further configuration, the structure/compound may be asymmetric in relation to the R^a and R^c radicals.

[0119] It may further be the case that the R radical represents, comprises, or forms together with an R^d radical, at least one group selected from C(Ar)₃, C(R^e)₃, N(Ar)₂, N(R^e)₂, Si(Ar)₃, Si(R^e)₃, B(R^e)₂, preferably selected from C(Ar)₃, C(R^e)₃, N(Ar)₂, Si(Ar)₃, Si(R^e)₃, more preferably a fluorene group that may be substituted by one or more R^e radicals.

[0120] It may additionally be the case that the R^e and/or R^d radical represents, comprises, or forms together with an R^d or R^e radical, at least one group selected from C(Ar′)₃, C(R¹)₃, N(Ar′)₂, N(R¹)₂, Si(Ar′)₃, Si(R¹)₃, B(R¹)₂, preferably selected from C(Ar′)₃, C(R¹)₃, N(Ar′)₂, Si(Ar′)₃, Si(R¹)₃, more preferably a fluorene group that may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals.

[0121] Structures/compounds having one of the aforementioned groups selected from C(Ar′)₃, C(R¹)₃, Si(Ar′)₃, Si(R¹)₃, N(Ar′)₂, N(R¹)₂, B(R¹)₂, more preferably a fluorene group, are notable for surprisingly high efficiency.

[0122] In a preferred configuration, a compound of the invention can be represented by at least one of the structures of formula (I) and/or (I-1) to (I-83). Preferably, compounds of the invention, preferably comprising structures of formula (I) and/or (I-1) to (I-83), have a molecular weight of not more than 5000 g/mol, preferably not more than 4000 g/mol, particularly preferably not more than 3000 g/mol, especially preferably not more than 2000 g/mol and most preferably not more than 1200 g/mol.

[0123] In addition, it is a feature of preferred compounds of the invention that they are sublimable. These compounds generally have a molar mass of less than about 1200 g/mol.

[0124] Preferred aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems Ar, R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f and/or Ar′ are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-terphenyl or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-quaterphenyl or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, spirobifluorene which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, naphthalene, especially 1- or 2-bonded naphthalene, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3, 4 or 9 position, dibenzofuran which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, dibenzothiophene which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, quinoxaline, phenanthrene or triphenylene, each of which may be substituted by one or more R^e, R¹ or R² radicals.

[0125] It may preferably be the case that at least one substituent R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, a branched or cyclic alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkoxy group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system selected from the groups of the following formulae Ar-1 to Ar-75, where the substituents R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e preferably either form a ring according to the structures of the formulae (RA-1) to (RA-13), (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) or (RB) or the substituent R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system selected from the groups of the following formulae Ar-1 to Ar-75, and/or the Ar′ group is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the groups of the following formulae Ar-1 to Ar-75:

[0126]

• • [0127] where R¹ has the definitions given above, the dotted bond represents the site of attachment to the corresponding group and in addition:
  • [0128] Ar¹ is the same or different at each instance and is a bivalent aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals; A is the same or different at each instance and is C(R¹)₂, NR¹, O or S;
  • [0129] p is 0 or 1, where p=0 means that the Ar¹ group is absent and that the corresponding aromatic or heteroaromatic group is bonded directly to the corresponding radical;
  • [0130] q is 0 or 1, where q=0 means that no A group is bonded at this position and the R¹ radicals thereof are bonded to the corresponding carbon atoms instead.

[0131] In this case, preference is given to structures of the formulae (Ar-1), (Ar-2), (Ar-3), (Ar-12), (Ar-13), (Ar-14), (Ar-15), (Ar-16), (Ar-40), (Ar-41), (Ar-42), (Ar-43), (Ar-44), (Ar-45), (Ar-46), (Ar-69), (Ar-70), (Ar-75), and particular preference to structures of the formulae (Ar-1), (Ar-2), (Ar-3), (Ar-12), (Ar-13), (Ar-14), (Ar-15), (Ar-16).

[0132] When the abovementioned groups for Ar have two or more A groups, possible options for these include all combinations from the definition of A. Preferred embodiments in that case are those in which one A group is NR¹ and the other A group is C(R¹)₂ or in which both A groups are NR¹ or in which both A groups are O.

[0133] When A is NR¹, the substituent R¹ bonded to the nitrogen atom is preferably an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms and may also be substituted by one or more R² radicals. In a particularly preferred embodiment, this R¹ substituent is the same or different at each instance and is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, especially 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, which does not have any fused aryl groups and which does not have any fused heteroaryl groups in which two or more aromatic or heteroaromatic 6-membered ring groups are fused directly to one another, and which may also be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals. Preference is given to phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and quaterphenyl having bonding patterns as listed above for Ar-1 to Ar-11, where these structures, rather than by R¹, may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, but are preferably unsubstituted. Preference is further given to triazine, pyrimidine and quinazoline as listed above for Ar-47 to Ar-50, Ar-57 and Ar-58, where these structures, rather than by R¹, may be substituted by one or more R² radicals.

[0134] There follows a description of preferred substituents R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e and R^f.

[0135] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e are the same or different at each instance and are selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, NO₂, Si(R¹)₃, B(OR¹)₂, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals.

[0136] In a further-preferred embodiment of the invention, substituent R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals.

[0137] It may further be the case that at least one substituent R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, and an N(Ar′)₂ group. In a further-preferred embodiment of the invention, the substituents R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e either form a ring according to the structures of the formulae (RA-1) to (RA-13), (RA-1a) to (RA-4f) or (RB), or R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, or an N(Ar′)₂ group. More preferably, substituent R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably having 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, more preferably having 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals.

[0138] In a preferred embodiment of the invention R^f is the same or different at each instance and are selected from the group consisting of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 60 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 5 to 40 aromatic ring atoms, and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals.

[0139] In a further-preferred embodiment of the invention, R^f is the same or different at each instance and are selected from the group consisting of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 30 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R² radicals. More preferably, R^a is the same or different at each instance and are selected from the group consisting of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 6 to 18 aromatic ring atoms, more preferably 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms, and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals.

[0140] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, R^f is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or a cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals; at the same time, two R^f radicals together may also form a ring system. More preferably, R^f is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic ring system which has 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, especially 6 aromatic ring atoms, and may be substituted in each case by one or more preferably nonaromatic R² radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted; at the same time, two R^f radicals together may form a ring system. Most preferably, R^f is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of a straight-chain alkyl group having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or a branched alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms. Most preferably, R^f is a methyl group or is a phenyl group, where two phenyl groups together may form a ring system, preference being given to a methyl group over a phenyl group.

[0141] Preferred aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems represented by the substituents R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e, R^f or Ar, Ar′ or Ar″ are selected from phenyl, biphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-terphenyl or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-quaterphenyl or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, spirobifluorene which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, naphthalene, especially 1- or 2-bonded naphthalene, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, carbazole which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, dibenzofuran which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, dibenzothiophene which may be joined via the 1, 2, 3 or 4 position, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, pyridine, pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, quinoline, isoquinoline, quinazoline, quinoxaline, phenanthrene or triphenylene, each of which may be substituted by one or more R^e, R¹ or R² radicals. Particular preference is given to the structures Ar-1 to Ar-75 shown above, preference being given to structures of the formulae (Ar-1), (Ar-2), (Ar-3), (Ar-12), (Ar-13), (Ar-14), (Ar-15), (Ar-16), (Ar-40), (Ar-41), (Ar-42), (Ar-43), (Ar-44), (Ar-45), (Ar-46), (Ar-69), (Ar-70), (Ar-75), and particular preference to structures of the formulae (Ar-1), (Ar-2), (Ar-3), (Ar-12), (Ar-13), (Ar-14), (Ar-15), (Ar-16). With regard to the structures Ar-1 to Ar-75, it should be stated that these are shown with a substituent R¹. In the case of the ring system Ar, these substituents R¹ should be replaced by R^e, and in the case of Ar″, R^f, these substituents R¹ should be replaced by R².

[0142] Further suitable R, R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d, R^e groups are groups of the formula —Ar⁴—N(Ar²)(Ar³) where Ar², Ar³ and Ar⁴ are the same or different at each instance and are an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 24 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals. The total number of aromatic ring atoms in Ar², Ar³ and Ar⁴ here is not more than 60 and preferably not more than 40.

[0143] In this case, Ar⁴ and Ar² may also be bonded to one another and/or Ar² and Ar³ to one another by a group selected from C(R¹)₂, NR¹, O and S. Preferably, Ar⁴ and Ar² are joined to one another and Ar² and Ar³ to one another in the respective ortho position to the bond to the nitrogen atom. In a further embodiment of the invention, none of the Ar², Ar³ and Ar⁴ groups are bonded to one another.

[0144] Preferably, Ar⁴ is an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms, preferably 6 to 12 aromatic ring atoms, and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals. More preferably, Ar⁴ is selected from the group consisting of ortho-, meta- or para-phenylene or ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, each of which may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, but are preferably unsubstituted. Most preferably, Ar⁴ is an unsubstituted phenylene group.

[0145] Preferably, Ar² and Ar³ are the same or different at each instance and are an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R¹ radicals. Particularly preferred Ar² and Ar³ groups are the same or different at each instance and are selected from the group consisting of benzene, ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, ortho-, meta- or para-terphenyl or branched terphenyl, ortho-, meta- or para-quaterphenyl or branched quaterphenyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-fluorenyl, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-spirobifluorenyl, 1- or 2-naphthyl, indole, benzofuran, benzothiophene, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-carbazole, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzofuran, 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-dibenzothiophene, indenocarbazole, indolocarbazole, 2-, 3- or 4-pyridine, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidine, pyrazine, pyridazine, triazine, phenanthrene or triphenylene, each of which may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals. Most preferably, Ar² and Ar³ are the same or different at each instance and are selected from the group consisting of benzene, biphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-biphenyl, terphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-terphenyl or branched terphenyl, quaterphenyl, especially ortho-, meta- or para-quaterphenyl or branched quaterphenyl, fluorene, especially 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-fluorene, or spirobifluorene, especially 1-, 2-, 3- or 4-spirobifluorene.

[0146] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, R¹ is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, D, F, CN, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 24 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, R¹ is the same or different at each instance and is selected from the group consisting of H, a straight-chain alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, especially having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms, or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 6 carbon atoms, where the alkyl group may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 6 to 13 aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted in each case by one or more R² radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0147] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, R² is the same or different at each instance and is H, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, but is preferably unsubstituted.

[0148] At the same time, in compounds of the invention that are processed by vacuum evaporation, the alkyl groups preferably have not more than five carbon atoms, more preferably not more than 4 carbon atoms, most preferably not more than 1 carbon atom. For compounds that are processed from solution, suitable compounds are also those substituted by alkyl groups, especially branched alkyl groups, having up to 10 carbon atoms or those substituted by oligoarylene groups, for example ortho-, meta- or para-terphenyl or branched terphenyl or quaterphenyl groups.

[0149] Furthermore, it may be the case that the compound comprises exactly two or exactly three structures of formula (I) and/or (I-1) to (I-83), where preferably one of the aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems that can be represented by at least one of the R, R^d, R^e groups or to which the R, R^d, R^e groups bind is shared by the two structures.

[0150] In a preferred configuration, the compounds are selected from compounds of the formula (D-1), (D-2) or (D-3)

[0151]

• • [0152] where the L¹ group is a connecting group, preferably a bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 40, preferably 5 to 30, aromatic ring atoms and may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, and R¹ and the further symbols used have the definitions given above, especially for formula (I).

[0153] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, L¹ is a bond or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system which has 5 to 14 aromatic or heteroaromatic ring atoms, preferably an aromatic ring system which has 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and which may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, where R¹ may have the definition given above, especially for formula (I). More preferably, L¹ is an aromatic ring system having 6 to 10 aromatic ring atoms or a heteroaromatic ring system having 6 to 13 heteroaromatic ring atoms, each of which may be substituted by one or more R² radicals, but is preferably unsubstituted, where R² may have the definition given above, especially for formula (I).

[0154] Further preferably, the symbol L¹ shown in formula (D3) inter alia is the same or different at each instance and is a bond or an aryl or heteroaryl radical having 5 to 24 ring atoms, preferably 6 to 13 ring atoms, more preferably 6 to 10 ring atoms, such that an aromatic or heteroaromatic group of an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system is bonded to the respective atom of the further group directly, i.e. via an atom of the aromatic or heteroaromatic group.

[0155] It may additionally be the case that the L¹ group shown in formula (D3) comprises an aromatic ring system having not more than two fused aromatic and/or heteroaromatic 6-membered rings, preferably does not comprise any fused aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system. Accordingly, naphthyl structures are preferred over anthracene structures. In addition, fluorenyl, spirobifluorenyl, dibenzofuranyl and/or dibenzothienyl structures are preferred over naphthyl structures.

[0156] Particular preference is given to structures having no fusion, for example phenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl and/or quaterphenyl structures.

[0157] Examples of suitable aromatic or heteroaromatic ring systems L¹ are selected from the group consisting of ortho-, meta- or para-phenylene, ortho-, meta- or para-biphenylene, terphenylene, especially branched terphenylene, quaterphenylene, especially branched quaterphenylene, fluorenylene, spirobifluorenylene, dibenzofuranylene, dibenzothienylene and carbazolylene, each of which may be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals, but are preferably unsubstituted.

[0158] The abovementioned preferred embodiments may be combined with one another as desired within the restrictions defined in claim 1. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the abovementioned preferences occur simultaneously.

[0159] In a further configuration of the present invention, preference is given to compounds comprising a structure of formula (I), preferably compounds of formula (I), in which the R^a radicals together form a ring, where these compounds have the following properties:

[0160]

	Formula of the
	ring formed by
	Ra radicals	Z1	Z2	Z3
	Cy-1	C(R3)2	C(R1)2	C(R3)2
	Cy-2	C(R3)2	C(R1)2	C(R3)2
	Cy-3	C(R3)2	C(R1)2	C(R3)2
	Cy-1	Si(R3)2	C(R1)2	Si(R3)2
	Cy-2	Si(R3)2	C(R1)2	Si(R3)2
	Cy-3	Si(R3)2	C(R1)2	Si(R3)2

[0161] In a further configuration of the present invention, preference is given to compounds comprising a structure of formula (I), preferably compounds of formula (I), in which the R^a radicals together form a ring, where these compounds have the following properties:

[0162]

	Formula of
	the ring
	formed by Ra
	radicals	G	R1	Z2
	Cy-4	Alkylene group	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		having 1, 2 or 3	1 to Ar-75,
		carbon atoms	preferably H
	Cy-5	Alkylene group	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		having 1, 2 or 3	1 to Ar-75,
		carbon atoms	preferably H
	Cy-6	Alkylene group	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		having 1, 2 or 3	1 to Ar-75,
		carbon atoms	preferably H
	Cy-7	Alkylene group	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		having 1, 2 or 3	1 to Ar-75,
		carbon atoms	preferably H
	Cy-8	Alkylene group	H or Ar-1 to H,	C(R1)2
		having 1, 2 or 3	methyl or Ar-1 to
		carbon atoms	Ar-75, preferably
			H
	Cy-9	Alkylene group	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		having 1, 2 or 3	1 to Ar-75,
		carbon atoms	preferably H
	Cy-10	Alkylene group	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		having 1, 2 or 3	1 to Ar-75,
		carbon atoms	preferably H
	Cy-4	—CR1═CR1—	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
			1 to Ar-75,
			preferably H
	Cy-5	—CR1═CR1—	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
			1 to Ar-75,
			preferably H
	Cy-6	—CR1═CR1—	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
			1 to Ar-75,
			preferably H
	Cy-7	—CR1═CR1—	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
			1 to Ar-75,
			preferably H
	Cy-8	—CR1═CR1—	H or Ar-1 to H,	C(R1)2
			methyl or Ar-1 to
			Ar-75, preferably
			H
	Cy-9	—CR1═CR1—	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
			1 to Ar-75,
			preferably H
	Cy-10	—CR1═CR1—	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
			1 to Ar-75,
			preferably H
	Cy-4	Arylene or	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		heteroarylene	1 to Ar-75,
		group having 5 to	preferably H
		14 aromatic ring
		atoms
	Cy-5	Arylene or	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		heteroarylene	1 to Ar-75,
		group having 5 to	preferably H
		14 aromatic ring
		atoms
	Cy-6	Arylene or	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		heteroarylene	1 to Ar-75,
		group having 5 to	preferably H
		14 aromatic ring
		atoms
	Cy-7	Arylene or	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		heteroarylene	1 to Ar-75,
		group having 5 to	preferably H
		14 aromatic ring
		atoms
	Cy-8	Arylene or	H or Ar-1 to H,	C(R1)2
		heteroarylene	methyl or Ar-1 to
		group having 5 to	Ar-75, preferably
		14 aromatic ring	H
		atoms
	Cy-9	Arylene or	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		heteroarylene	1 to Ar-75,
		group having 5 to	preferably H
		14 aromatic ring
		atoms
	Cy-10	Arylene or	H, methyl or Ar-	C(R1)2
		heteroarylene	1 to Ar-75,
		group having 5 to	preferably H
		14 aromatic ring
		atoms

[0163] In a further configuration, the preferences set out above with regard to ring formation between two R^a radicals to form structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10) are applicable to two R^c radicals.

[0164] In a further configuration, the preferences set out above with regard to ring formation between two R^a radicals to form structures of the formulae (Cy-1) to (Cy-10) are applicable to two R^e radicals.

[0165] In a further configuration of the present invention, preference is given to compounds comprising a structure of formula (I-1), preferably compounds of formula (I-1), where the two R^a radicals form a ring, the two R^c radicals form a ring, and in which the R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d and R^e radicals have the following definitions:

[0166]

	Ra	Rb	Rc	Rd	Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
				phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
				and phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
				phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
				and phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
				phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
				and phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
				phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
				and phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
				phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
				and phenyl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
				heteroaryl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
				and heteroaryl	formation with
				ring formation	Rd
				with Re
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
				heteroaryl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
				and heteroaryl	formation with
				ring formation	Rd
				with Re
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
				heteroaryl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
				and heteroaryl	formation with
				ring formation	Rd
				with Re
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
				heteroaryl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
				and heteroaryl	formation with
				ring formation	Rd
				with Re
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
				heteroaryl ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
				and heteroaryl	formation with
				ring formation	Rd
				with Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
				ring formation
				with Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	RA-5 ring
				RA-5 ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	RA-4 ring
				RA-4 ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	RA-4f ring
				RA-4f ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	RA-3 ring
				RA-3 ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	RB ring
				RB ring	formation with
				formation with	Rd
				Re
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
	RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c

[0167] In a further configuration of the present invention, preference is given to compounds comprising a structure of formula (I-14), preferably compounds of formula (I-14), where the two R^a radicals form a ring, the two R^c radicals form a ring, and in which the R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d and R^e radicals have the following definitions:

[0168]

Ra	all Rb	Rc	Rd	Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	H, D, alkyl
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
			phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
			and phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
			phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
			and phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
			phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
			and phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
			phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
			and phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	Phenyl ring
			phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Phenyl ring
			and phenyl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
			heteroaryl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
			and heteroaryl	formation with
			ring formation	Rd
			with Re
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
			heteroaryl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
			and heteroaryl	formation with
			ring formation	Rd
			with Re
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
			heteroaryl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
			and heteroaryl	formation with
			ring formation	Rd
			with Re
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
			heteroaryl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
			and heteroaryl	formation with
			ring formation	Rd
			with Re
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	Heteroaryl ring
			heteroaryl ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Aryl, heteroaryl,	Heteroaryl ring
			and heteroaryl	formation with
			ring formation	Rd
			with Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			ring formation
			with Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	RA-5 ring
			RA-5 ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	RA-4 ring
			RA-4 ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	RA-4f ring
			RA-4f ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	RA-3 ring
			RA-3 ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	RB ring
			RB ring	formation with
			formation with Re	Rd
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	RA-2, RA-2c	RA-2, RA-2c

[0169] In a further configuration of the present invention, preference is given to compounds comprising a structure of formula (I-2), preferably compounds of formula (I-2), where the two R^a radicals form a ring, the two R^c radicals form a ring, where the index I is preferably not more than 3, more preferably 0, 1 or 2 and especially preferably 0 or 1, and in which the R^a, R^b, R^c, R^d and R^e radicals have the following definitions:

[0170]

				Re (only if I is
				not 0 is at least
				one radical Re,
				otherwise all Re
Ra	Rb	Rc	Rd	are H)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	D, alkyl
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	D, alkyl
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	D, alkyl
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	D, alkyl
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	D, alkyl
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	Ar-1 to Ar-75
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	Ar-1 to Ar-75
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	Ar-1 to Ar-75
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	Ar-1 to Ar-75
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	Ar-1 to Ar-75
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	H, D, alkyl and	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3
			Ar-1 to Ar-75

[0171] In a further configuration of the present invention, preference is given to compounds comprising a structure of formula (I-3), preferably compounds of formula (I-3), where the two R^a radicals form a ring, the two R^c radicals form a ring, where the index m is preferably 0, 1 or 2 and more preferably 0 or 1, and in which R^b is H, D, alkyl and the R^a, RC, R^d, R^e and Y¹ radicals have the following definitions:

[0172]

			Re on the phenyl
			ring (only if m is
			not 0 is at least
			one radical Re,
			otherwise all Re
Ra	Rc	Rd	are H)	Y1
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RE	RB	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	O, S
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RB	RE	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	O, S
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RE	RE	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	N(Ar′)
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	N(Ar′)
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	RA-5	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	H, D, alkyl	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)

[0173] In the above tables, the radicals specified in the column under the R^e group are the substituents on the phenyl ring of the base skeleton which is likewise substituted by the R^d radical mentioned (see, for example, formula (I-1)), or are the substituents on the phenyl ring that binds to the phenyl ring of the base skeleton which is likewise substituted by the R^d radical specified (see, for example, formula (I-2) and (I-3)). In the C(R^e)₂ group, the R^e radical is especially the groups detailed above, where R^e in the C(R^e)₂ group is preferably the same or different at each instance and is a linear alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a branched or cyclic alkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms or an aromatic or heteroaromatic ring system having 5 to 24, preferably 5 to 13, aromatic ring atoms, which may also be substituted by one or more R¹ radicals. Most preferably, R^e is a methyl group or a phenyl group. It is also possible here for the R^e radicals to form a ring system with one another, which leads to a spiro system. In the (R^e)₂C—C(R^e)₂, (R^e)C═C(R^e) groups, the R^e radical is especially the groups detailed above, where R^e in (R^e)₂C—C(R^e)₂, (R^e)C═C(R^e) groups is preferably H, C₁ to C₄-alkyl, or an aryl or heteroaryl group having 5 to 13 carbon atoms, where the aryl or heteroaryl group may be linked. In this case, it is possible for two R^e groups in the (R^e)₂C—C(R^e)₂ or (R^e)C═C(R^e) group to form a fused ring system.

[0174] In a further configuration of the present invention, preference is given to compounds comprising a structure of formula (I-4), preferably compounds of formula (I-4), where the two R^a radicals form a ring, the two R^c radicals form a ring, where the index n is preferably 0, 1 or 2 and more preferably 0 or 1, and in which the R^a, R^b, R^c, R^e and Y¹ radicals have the following definitions:

[0175]

			Re on the phenyl
			ring (only if m is
			not 0 is at least
			one radical Re,
			otherwise all Re
Ra	Rb	Rc	are H)	Y1
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	D, alkyl	C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Phenyl ring	C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	D, alkyl	O, S
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	D, alkyl	O, S
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RB	H, D, alkyl	RE	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Phenyl ring	O, S
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	D, alkyl	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	D, alkyl	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	D, alkyl	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	D, alkyl	O, S and C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	D, alkyl	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Phenyl ring	O, S and C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Phenyl ring	O, S and C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Phenyl ring	O, S and C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Phenyl ring	O, S and C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Phenyl ring	O, S and C(Re)2
			formation by 2
			Re
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RE	H, D, alkyl	RE	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RE	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	D, alkyl	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re	and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re	and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re	and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re	and C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Phenyl ring	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			formation by 2	(Re)C═C(Re)
			Re	and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RE	H, D, alkyl	RB	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
				and C(Re)2
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	D, alkyl	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	D, alkyl	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	D, alkyl	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	D, alkyl	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	D, alkyl	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Ar-1 to Ar-75	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	Phenyl ring	O, S and
			formation by 2	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			Re	(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	Phenyl ring	O, S and
			formation by 2	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			Re	(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	Phenyl ring	O, S and
			formation by 2	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			Re	(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	Phenyl ring	O, S and
			formation by 2	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			Re	(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	Phenyl ring	O, S and
			formation by 2	(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
			Re	(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	C(Ar′)3, Si(Ar′)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-5	H, D, alkyl	RA-5	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4	H, D, alkyl	RA-4	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-4f	H, D, alkyl	RA-4f	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RA-3	H, D, alkyl	RA-3	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)
RB	H, D, alkyl	RB	N(Ar′)3, N(R1)3	O, S and
				(Re)2C—C(Re)2,
				(Re)C═C(Re)